Arslan training needs analysis for the turkish ship dismantling industry

TRAINING NEEDS ANALYSIS FOR THE TURKISH SHIP DISMANTLING INDUSTRY

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Özcan ARSLAN – R. Emek Kurt – Stuart McKenna – Tuba Kececi Istanbul Technical University Maritime Faculty arslano@itu.edu.tr 2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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INTRODUCTION • Nearly 2000 workers are being directly employed by Turkish ship dismantling yards which are located in Aliaga, Izmir. The method of dismantling vessels in all dismantling facilities is essentially the same; with the ship landed ashore under its own power, stripped of equipment and materials, and systematically dismantled.

• Ship dismantling industry needs skilled workers and safety related issues are very crucial because of the nature of work. There are several hazards for ship dismantling yard workers in case of lack of education and training. Thus, training is one of the most important risk reducing solutions.

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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INTRODUCTION In this study, a training needs analysis has been carried out for SD employees by considering questionnaire results.

Training needs analysis aims to create a ‘snapshot’ of the Turkish Ship Dismantling employees by capturing the various states of education, competences and capabilities from the lowest grade of worker through to the management level. By analyzing the gathered information the various gaps in awareness, knowledge and procedures found within the Turkish Ship Dismantling industry have been identified and will be utilized in the development and execution of the proposed VET. 2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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CURRENT TRAININGS In the Turkish Ship Dismantling zone, there is mandatory VET currently taking place for the Ship Dismantling workers addressing topics such as general health and safety, fire fighting and asbestos handling being delivered by the Turkish Ship Recyclers’ Association.

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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QUESTIONNAIRE A questionnaire was created to assist in the training needs analysis of the ship dismantling workers. The questionnaire was designed to gather information and the opinion of the workers for the following topics: • General information • Previous training received • Accidents and incidents • Hazard awareness • Preferred method of learning • The questionnaires were conducted on the 1st of February 2012 to 61 ship dismantling workers in the Aliaga ship dismantling area and by the 15th of March 2012, 61 completed questionnaires were received.

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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RESPONDENTS’ PROFILE Age <18 18-25 26-35 36-50 51+ Graduated From Primary High school College University Post Graduate Social Security Yes Not regular No Union Membership Yes No Job Title General Worker Metal Cutter Plant Operator Technician 2013-04-15 Head Worker

Number of Respondents 0 21 27 12 1

Percentage of Respondents 0% 34% 44% 20% 2%

37 22 2 0 0

61% 36% 3% 0% 0%

56 5 0

92% 8% 0%

6 55

10% 90%

22 28 6 2 3

18-51+ 0%2% 36-50 20%

Age Profile

18-25 34%

26-35 44%

Post College University Graduate 3%0% 0%

High school 36%

36% 46% 10% 3% International Conference on Ship Recycling 5% SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

Primary 61%

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SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

1

2

3

4

Very Satisfied (%) 5

Job Satisfaction

7

13

30

39

Overall quality of trainings Working hours Safety precautions Wage satisfaction Quality of equipment used Application of safety rules Health checks Career progression

3 13 0 20 3 21 0 18

10 21 8 48 15 20 5 31

36 43 20 21 18 39 20 39

33 16 39 10 38 13 51 10

Very Satisfied 11%

Satisfied 39%

2013-04-15

(%)

(%)

Mean

StDev

11

3,36

1,07

18 7 33 2 26 7 25 2

3,52 2,82 3,97 2,26 3,69 2,64 3,95 2,46

1,01 1,07 0,93 0,95 1,12 1,16 0,80 0,96

Very Unsatisfied Unsatisfied 7% 13%

Unstable 30%

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

Job Satisfaction

1 7

2 13

3 30

4 39

Very Satisfied (%) 5 11

Overall quality of trainings

3

10

36

33

Working hours Safety precautions Wage satisfaction Quality of equipment used Application of safety rules Health checks Career progression

13 0 20 3 21 0 18

21 8 48 15 20 5 31

43 20 21 18 39 20 39

16 39 10 38 13 51 10

Very effective 18%

Effective 33%

2013-04-15

Not very effective 3%

(%)

(%)

Mean

StDev

3,36

1,07

18

3,52

1,01

7 33 2 26 7 25 2

2,82 3,97 2,26 3,69 2,64 3,95 2,46

1,07 0,93 0,95 1,12 1,16 0,80 0,96

Not effective 10%

Moderate 36%

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

Job Satisfaction Overall quality of trainings

1 7 3

2 13 10

3 30 36

4 39 33

Very Satisfied (%) 5 11 18

Working hours

13

21

43

16

Safety precautions Wage satisfaction Quality of equipment used Application of safety rules Health checks Career progression

0 20 3 21 0 18

8 48 15 20 5 31

20 21 18 39 20 39

39 10 38 13 51 10

Very effective 7%

(%)

(%)

Not very effective 13%

Mean

StDev

3,36 3,52

1,07 1,01

7

2,82

1,07

33 2 26 7 25 2

3,97 2,26 3,69 2,64 3,95 2,46

0,93 0,95 1,12 1,16 0,80 0,96

Effective 16% Not effective 21%

Moderate 43%

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

9

SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

Job Satisfaction Overall quality of trainings Working hours

1 7 3 13

2 13 10 21

3 30 36 43

4 39 33 16

Very Satisfied (%) 5 11 18 7

Safety precautions

0

8

20

39

Wage satisfaction Quality of equipment used Application of safety rules Health checks Career progression

20 3 21 0 18

48 15 20 5 31

21 18 39 20 39

10 38 13 51 10

Mean

StDev

3,36 3,52 2,82

1,07 1,01 1,07

33

3,97

0,93

2 26 7 25 2

2,26 3,69 2,64 3,95 2,46

0,95 1,12 1,16 0,80 0,96

very Not Not effective effective 8% 0% Very effective 33%

Moderate 20%

Effective 39%

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

10

SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

Job Satisfaction Overall quality of trainings Working hours Safety precautions

1 7 3 13 0

2 13 10 21 8

3 30 36 43 20

4 39 33 16 39

Very Satisfied (%) 5 11 18 7 33

Wage satisfaction

20

48

21

10

Quality of equipment used Application of safety rules Health checks Career progression

3 21 0 18

15 20 5 31

18 39 20 39

38 13 51 10

Effective 10%

Moderate 21%

(%)

(%)

Mean

StDev

3,36 3,52 2,82 3,97

1,07 1,01 1,07 0,93

2

2,26

0,95

26 7 25 2

3,69 2,64 3,95 2,46

1,12 1,16 0,80 0,96

Very effective 2% Not very effective 20%

Not effective 47%

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

11

SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

Job Satisfaction Overall quality of trainings Working hours Safety precautions Wage satisfaction

1 7 3 13 0 20

2 13 10 21 8 48

3 30 36 43 20 21

4 39 33 16 39 10

Very Satisfied (%) 5 11 18 7 33 2

Quality of equipment used

3

15

18

38

Application of safety rules Health checks Career progression

21 0 18

20 5 31

39 20 39

13 51 10

Not very effective 3% Very effective 26%

(%)

(%)

Mean

StDev

3,36 3,52 2,82 3,97 2,26

1,07 1,01 1,07 0,93 0,95

26

3,69

1,12

7 25 2

2,64 3,95 2,46

1,16 0,80 0,96

Not effective 15%

Moderate 18%

Effective 38%

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

12

SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

Job Satisfaction Overall quality of trainings Working hours Safety precautions Wage satisfaction Quality of equipment used

1 7 3 13 0 20 3

2 13 10 21 8 48 15

3 30 36 43 20 21 18

4 39 33 16 39 10 38

Very Satisfied (%) 5 11 18 7 33 2 26

Application of safety rules

21

20

39

13

Health checks Career progression

0 18

5 31

20 39

51 10

Mean

StDev

3,36 3,52 2,82 3,97 2,26 3,69

1,07 1,01 1,07 0,93 0,95 1,12

7

2,64

1,16

25 2

3,95 2,46

0,80 0,96

Very effective 7% Effective 13%

Not very effective 21%

Not effective 20% Moderate 39%

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

13

SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

(%)

Job Satisfaction Overall quality of trainings Working hours Safety precautions Wage satisfaction Quality of equipment used Application of safety rules

1 7 3 13 0 20 3 21

2 13 10 21 8 48 15 20

3 30 36 43 20 21 18 39

4 39 33 16 39 10 38 13

Very Satisfied (%) 5 11 18 7 33 2 26 7

Health checks

0

5

20

51

Career progression

18

31

39

10

Not very effective 0% Very effective 24%

(%)

Mean

StDev

3,36 3,52 2,82 3,97 2,26 3,69 2,64

1,07 1,01 1,07 0,93 0,95 1,12 1,16

25

3,95

0,80

2

2,46

0,96

Not effective 5% Moderate 20%

Effective 51%

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

14

SATISFACTION of SD WORKERS Very Unsatisfied (%)

(%)

Job Satisfaction Overall quality of trainings Working hours Safety precautions Wage satisfaction Quality of equipment used Application of safety rules Health checks

1 7 3 13 0 20 3 21 0

2 13 10 21 8 48 15 20 5

3 30 36 43 20 21 18 39 20

4 39 33 16 39 10 38 13 51

Very Satisfied (%) 5 11 18 7 33 2 26 7 25

Career progression

18

31

39

10

2

Satisfied 10%

Unstable 39%

2013-04-15

(%)

Very Satisfied 2%

(%)

Mean

StDev

3,36 3,52 2,82 3,97 2,26 3,69 2,64 3,95

1,07 1,01 1,07 0,93 0,95 1,12 1,16 0,80

2,46

0,96

Very Unsatisfied 18%

Unsatisfied 31%

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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Training Course

EVALUATION OF TRAININGS Heavy machine opera0on 6 Risk assessment 0 Emergency Preparedness 0 Environmental Protec0on 0 6 CuFng & Welding Asbestos and Hazardous materials Fire Figh0ng First Aid Occupa0onal Health and Safety 0

Training Course

55 61 61 61 55 57 55 49 50 10

Training Received 4 5 12 11

20 Number 30 of Respondents 40 50

Not Very Effective (%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

Very Effective (%)

1 10 6 0 18

2 12 8 4 11

3 34 31 16 40

4 38 49 55 21

5 6 6 25 9

Occupational Health and Safety First Aid Fire Fighting Asbestos and Hazardous materials Cutting & Welding 0 0 50 50 0 Heavy machine operation 0 0 50 50 0 2013-04-15 International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

Training Not Received

60

70

Mean

StDev

3,18 3,41 4,02 2,93

1,06 0,96 0,76 1,19

3,50 3,50

0,55 0,55 16

PREFERRED TRAINING METHOD

Delivery Method

Very Bad (%) (%)

(%)

(%)

Very Good Mean (%)

StDev

1

2

3

4

5

Small Group Discussion

18

41

23

10

8

2,49

1,15

Classroom&presentation

3

18

59

15

5

3,00

0,82

Film

3

11

46

33

7

3,28

0,88

Computer Assisted Learning

2

2

33

46

18

3,77

0,82

e-Learning

3

2

30

31

34

3,92

1,00

Apprenticeship- Practical Learning

10

30

48

3

10

2,74

1,03

Blended Learning

2

2

23

43

31

4,00

0,88

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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Working Environment Contains Hazard (%)

Working Environment Does Not Contain Hazard (%)

Odour 21 Cold 62 Hot 54 10 Vibra0on Dust 62 Noise 56 Ba\eries 8 Toxic biologic organisms i.e.. Mice 2 13 Bilge & ballast Paints 7 Cranes/winches 28 Poor illuminaton 8 Electricity 16 34 Working on ship Confined spaces 23 Sharp tools 28 Snapping of ropes/wires 20 Slipping on wet surfaces 43 75 Working close to moving objects Working in hard posi0on such as screwing 31 Working under dangerous places 43 Working at height 38 Welding fumes 72 74 Open fire Carrying and liVing heavy objects 67 Radioac0ve material 0 Explosive gases 8 Halon 0 34 Oil/fuel spill 2013-04-15 Hazardous materials e.g. Asbestos, pcb, tbt…

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79 38 46 90 38 44 92 98 87 93 72 92 84 66 77 72 80 57 25 69 57 62 28 26 33 100 92 100 66 75

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CONSIDERATIONS

Within the Turkish Ship Dismantling industry, there are currently no practical standard procedures for job tasks. Safe Standard operating procedures which reflect the practical reality while addressing safe working procedures should be developed and incorporated into the worker’s VET. Additionally a new standard procedure has to ensure that all workers are receiving trainings according to the works they´re carrying out prior to starting with their work.

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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CONCLUSIONS The VET’s content must be structured in such a manner that it can be understood by individuals with a primary school education level. The Ship Dismantling workers are low skilled and low paid workers, therefore issues surrounding job satisfaction, in terms of career progression and salary, are common. Occupational health and safety issues should be focused during trainings. By utilising a wide range of sources and consulting with stakeholders within the Ship Dismantling community, both in Turkey and worldwide, a comprehensive training needs analysis of the Turkish ship dismantling workers and management has taken place with the key problem areas concerned being analysed and identified.

Above mentioned issues should be considered during VET development.

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ozcan ARSLAN E-mail: arslano@itu.edu.tr

THANK YOU…

2013-04-15

International Conference on Ship Recycling SHIPREC2013 – Malmö, Sweden, 7 - 9 April 2013

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