References

14. Calculations are based on data collected by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine through the 2009–18 Household Living Condition Survey’s module on self-perceived health status. 15. OOP payments greater than 10 percent of total household consumption is the global metric used to monitor catastrophic health spending as part of the United Nations Sustainable

Development Goal, Target 3.8 on Universal Health Coverage. Member states in the WHO

European Region also monitor catastrophic spending using a “capacity to pay” approach, whichismoresensitivetofinancialhardshipamongpoorerhouseholdsthantheSustainable

Development Goal approach. Capacity to pay for health care is country-specific and measured as a household’s total consumption minus a standard amount to cover basic needs such as food, housing, and utilities. 16. Theframeworklaw,“OnStateFinancialGuaranteesofMedicalServicesforthePopulation,”

November 2017 (amended twice in 2019) is located at https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws /show/2168-19. 17. The rules were issued in MoH Order #1709 of July 26, 2019. The full text is available at https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0961-19. 18. “Emerging and development economies” are one of the two key groups in the IMF country classification, the other one being “advanced economies.” According to the IMF, this classification is not based on strict criteria and evolves over time (http://datahelp.imf.org /knowledgebase/articles/778593-composition-of-current-statistical-groups-and-aggr).

Within the emerging and development economies, countries are further classified into regional groupings: Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Middle East and

Central Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. As of October 2020, the emerging and developing

Europe group included 16 countries: Albania, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,

Croatia, Hungary, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, the

Russian Federation, Serbia, Turkey, and Ukraine. 19. The respective IMF estimates of the consolidated deficit were not available at the time of preparing this report. 20. Data are from the World Bank World Development Indicators database. 21. Data are sourced from the MoH Centre of Medical Statistics, retrieved from http://medstat .gov.ua/ukr/main.html. 22. Dare are sourced from the World Bank World Development Indicators database. 23. Data are sourced from the MoH Centre of Medical Statistics and OECD statistics.

REFERENCES

IMF (International Monetary Fund). 2020. World Economic Outlook: A Long and Difficult

Ascent. Washington, DC: IMF. Ukraine Ministry of Health News. 2020. “П’ять пріоритетів Програми медичних гарантій” [Five priorities of the program of medical guarantees], January 15. Ministry of Health of Ukraine. https://moz.gov.ua/article/news/p%e2%80%99jat-prioritetiv-programi-medichnih -garantij. World Bank. 2019. Ukraine 2019 Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability Performance

Assessment Report. Washington DC: World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org /handle/10986/33626