Asia Primary Learning Metrics 2019 Assessment

BOX 9.7. Examples of Global Citizenship Subdomains Measured in the Southeast Asia Primary Learning Metrics 2019 Assessment

Systems, issues, and dynamics

• Organization of societies and the world • Changes of rules, laws, and responsibilities over time and their dynamics • Common basic needs and rights • Global injustice • Values and skills that enable people to live together peacefully • Environmental sustainability, such as global warming and climate change • Relationships between local and global issues

Awareness and identities

• The self, family, school, neighborhood, community, country, and the world • Similarities and differences between people, societies, and cultures • Diversity in society • Connections and relationships among communities • Factors that influence people’s attitudes and values

Engagement

• Individuals and groups taking positive action to improve the community without harming others • Roles played by voluntary groups, social movements, and citizens in improving their communities and identifying solutions to global problems • Benefits and consequences of personal and collective civic engagement • Public dialogue and debate • Sustainable consumption habits

Source: Adapted from UNICEF and SEAMEO (2017b).

Figure 9.3 presents the SEA-PLM results for reading. Students reaching proficiency level 6 or above can read with comprehension, use explicit and implicit information from various text types with familiar structures, and compare multiple pieces of information to produce new ideas. Students below proficiency level 2 can find the meaning of some words in a text but cannot read a range of everyday texts fluently and engage with their meaning. The majority of students assessed in Malaysia and Vietnam achieved the highest level of reading proficiency expected at the end of primary school. The results also show considerable within-country variation in reading proficiency levels (UNICEF and SEAMEO 2020).

In all countries, girls tended to have higher levels of achievement in reading and writing; girls in Cambodia, Malaysia, and the Philippines also demonstrated higher levels of achievement in mathematics. In addition, students from higher