Acknowledgements

45 Map 1.1 GDP per capita varies substantially across the regions of Europe

27 Table O.1: “Heatmap” of outcomes and institutions that support resilience in the EU (2004–14) 81 Table 2.1 “Heatmap” of resilience in the EU and institutions that support it (2004–2014) 116 Table A 1.1 Description of data used in the Convergence and OCA analysis 116 Table A 1.2 Description of data used for the institutional analysis 123 Table A4.1 EU Members and Eurozone Accession 124 Table A5.1 β-convergence 125 Table A5.2 Test for σ-convergence 128 Table A6.1 OCA Index 130 Table A7.1 Persistence of output and unemployment shocks (quarters) 131 Table A7.2 Volatility (standard deviation) of output and unemployment 132 Table A7.3 Persistence of output shocks and institutional variables 133 Table A7.4 Output volatility and institutional variables 133 Table A7.5 Persistence of unemployment shocks and institutional variables 134 Table A7.6 Unemployment volatility and institutional variables 135 Table A8.1 Country exchange rate groupings 139 Table A9.1 Heatmap with scores