Caribbean American Weekly - Issue 194

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ISSUE 194 VOLUME 24

July 2024

SERVING THE CARIBBEAN AND HISPANIC COMMUNITIES!

Caribbean and examines the role of nations, particularly the United States, in contributing to this phenomenon.

limate change has emerged as one of our most critical global challenges, significantly altering weather patterns and increasing the frequency and intensity of natural disasters.

The Caribbean region, known for its pristine beaches and vibrant cultures, is particularly vulnerable to these changes.

This analysis explores how climate change is causing more hurricanes in the

The Science of Climate Change and Hurricanes Hurricanes, also known as tropical cyclones, form powerful storms over warm ocean waters. They are characterized by strong winds, heavy rainfall, and storm surges that can cause devastating damage to coastal regions.

C

The Process and Requirements for a Governor's Pardon in New York State ....4

Editorial credit: Guyana DPI

BY ESTHER CLAUDETTE GITTENS EXCLUSIVE TO CAW

Editorial credit: Ron Adar / Shutterstock.com

Climate Change and Its Impact on Hurricane Activity in the Caribbean

continued on page 6

Fundamental Interests of U.S. Citizens Married to Noncitizens Disregarded ....9

Navigating Divorce in New York State: Divorce Your Spouse – Not Your Money or Your Children BY 311.DIVORCE.COM

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ivorce is an emotionally charged process that often brings financial and familial concerns to the forefront. In New York State, where divorce laws are wellestablished, it is crucial to understand why divorcing spouses should focus on separating from each other rather than from their financial assets or children.

This analysis delves into the reasons

Dr Jagdeo: Gov’t Has ‘Substantial’ Systems in Place for Monitoring Oil and Gas Operations ....13

why maintaining financial stability and prioritizing the well-being of children is paramount, even when a marriage has irretrievably broken down.

Legal Framework of Divorce in New York State – Grounds for Divorce New York State allows for both no-fault and fault-based divorces. The most common ground for divorce is an “irretrievable breakdown of the marriage,” which continued on page 7

“A Dangerous Assault on American Democracy” – Right-Wing Disinformation About Non-Citizen Voting ....3

Car Accidents in the Summer: A Season of Increased Risk ....18

Are You Happy in Your Romantic Relationship? ....16

The Mighty Sparrow: Celebrates His 89th Birthday ....15

Become a Paralegal: A Rewarding and Challenging Career ....11

Statement from Jamaica’s Consul General Alsion Wilson Regarding Hurricane Beryl ....12

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SPECIAL REPORT Caribbean Consulates Anguilla 845 Third Avenue New York, N.Y. 10022 Tel: 212-745-0200 Antigua & Barbuda 305 East 47th Street, Suite 6A New York, N.Y. 10020 Tel: 212-541-4117 The Bahamas 231 East 46th Street New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-421-6420 Barbados 820 Second Avenue, 5th Floor New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-551-4325 Belize 675 Third Avenue, Suite 1911 New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-593-0999 Dominica 685 Third Avenue, 11th Floor New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-949-0853 Dominican Republic 1500 Broadway, Suite 410 New York, N.Y. 10036 Tel: 212-599-8478 Grenada 685 Third Avenue, Suite 1101 New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-599-0301 Guyana 308 West 38th Street New York, N.Y. 10018 Tel: 212-947-5119 Haiti 555 5th Ave 3rd Floor New York, NY 10017 Tel: 212-697-9767 Jamaica 300 E 42nd St New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-935-9000 Martinique 444 Madison Avenue, 16th Floor New York, N.Y. 10022 Tel: 212-838-6887 Montserrat 845 Third Avenue New York, N.Y. 10022 Tel: 212-745-0200 Panama 1212 Avenue of the Americas, 20th Floor New York, N.Y. 10036 Tel: 212-840-2450 St. Kitts & Nevis 414 East 75th Street, 5th Floor New York, N.Y. 10021 Tel: 212-535-5521 St. Lucia 630 Third Avenue, 7th Floor New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-697-9360 St. Maarten 675 Third Avenue, Suite 1807 New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 800-786-2278 St. Vincent & The Grenadines 801 Second Avenue, 4th Floor New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-687-4981 Trinidad & Tobago 125 Maiden Lane, 4th Floor New York, N.Y. 10038 Tel: 212-682-7272 For more Consulate information go to www.cawnyc.com/directory

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Dr. Carla Barnett, Caricom SecretaryGeneral, at the Opening Ceremony of the Caribbean Investment Forum

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would like to congratulate the Caribbean Export Development Agency on staging this event, which again brings private businesses, government officials, regional and international institutions and other stakeholders together for important dialogue on how to promote and ensure investment in areas critical to our development. Thanks to the supporting partners without whom this event would not be taking place. Thanks and congratulations to Dr. Damie Sinanan, the new Executive Director of CaribExport, to whom the CARICOM Secretariat extends full support as he carries out his mandate.

This investment forum is being staged at a critical time for the Caribbean Community. We have just experienced Hurricane Beryl, a record-breaking system that reached category five status, the earliest this has ever happened in the Atlantic Hurricane Season. Hurricane Beryl has devastated several islands in the Region and caused extensive damage to others.

Assessments to date record several deaths in CARICOM Member States, destruction of infrastructure, and severe impact on sectors, notably fisheries and agriculture.

Entire communities remain without essential infrastructure and services, including electricity, water, and communications.

CARICOM is again at an inflection point, where scarce capital has to be diverted from economic development, to support recovery and rebuilding from the effects of extreme weather events fueled by the global warming that is at the core of climate change.

This forum’s focus on three critical matters – agriculture and food and nutrition security, green economy transition, and digitalization of business – will inform the ongoing narrative and action plans on how strategic investments can be directed towards development, sustainability, and resilience. These are matters of great priority in CARICOM. CARICOM’s Vision 25 by 2025 Initiative, led by Dr Irfaan Ali, President of Guyana, prioritizes private investment to reduce the Region’s food import bill through increased local production and enhanced intra-regional trade. The Region has been making progress as it implements this pivotal initiative. There have been noticeable advances in policy development and implementation; in attracting investment; and in de-risking the agricultural sector. Several Member States are producing new crops, and functional partnerships have been established with the private sector, farmers, and civil society.

Private sector investment in sustainable agriculture is now crucial to bolster advantages and address challenges, especially since Beryl has now caused significant setbacks. The objective is to channel investments into sustainable agricultural projects that modernize farming, introduce technological innovations, and improve market access for existing and for new agri-products. Importantly, we are prioritizing investments that are climate resilient.

Those are investments which integrate improved farming techniques to address

“This forum’s focus on three critical matters – agriculture and food and nutrition security, green economy transition, and digitalization of business – will inform the ongoing narrative and action plans on how strategic investments can be directed towards development, sustainability, and resilience.

These are matters of great priority in CARICOM.”

Dr. Carla Natalie Barnett, Secretary-General of CARICOM. Photo: CARICOM Press

the Region’s vulnerability to hurricanes, floods, droughts and rising sea levels that cause salinization and loss of arable lands.

To date, our interventions in the Region’s food and nutrition security have been targeted and deliberate. With regard to derisking, we are pleased that a regional agriinsurance product has been identified.

Work is underway to find dedicated capital funds for investment opportunities in transportation and logistics, digitization, and research into best practices to develop the sector based on the available science.

With the support of the CARICOM Private Sector Organization (CPSO) we have pinpointed possible investment opportunities amounting to US$1.2 billion, covering six potential agri-food value chain opportunities. These are to produce cereals and staples; beverages; fresh, canned and salted fish; vegetables, fruits and nuts; poultry and other meats; and milk and cream. Active partnerships with the private sector and investments in these and other areas will generate new industries and support food and nutrition security for current and future generations.

With regard to the Green Economy Transition, we are aware that the Caribbean Region depends heavily on imported fuel, aging power-generating infrastructure, and vulnerable electrical grids. Given their status as predominantly net importers of hydrocarbons, Member States are at risk of fluctuations in both prices and supply within the global energy commodity markets.

These factors contribute to deficient energy security, and increase the Region’s susceptibility to the impacts of climate change.

CARICOM has been focusing strategically on the transition to renewable energy in the quest for energy security. Over the past two decades, countries across the Region have increasingly embraced renewable energy sources such as hydro, solar, wind, and geothermal power to diversify their energy mix.

Increased results require dedicated partnerships, collaboration and knowledgesharing among stakeholders which will identify capacity gaps and promote actions to build the green technology sub-sector.

Investment opportunities include funding the bridges between conventional and sustainable technologies, and for accelerators and incubators to foster the development of green and clean technologies.

– Dr. Carla Barnett, CARICOM Secretary-General

The CARICOM Region has a high percentage of jobs created by Micro Small and Medium Enterprises. It is estimated that 70% of jobs come from MSMEs, and it is a perennial struggle for many of these businesses to keep their doors open and remain competitive. Digital transformation is essential for increasing competitiveness and can change how companies operate and deliver value.

Businesses in the Region which are already digitized may lose some impetus in the aftermath of Hurricane Beryl, which significantly damaged communication services and power. There is therefore scope for resilient systems that can return to normalcy quickly after extreme weather events and other emergencies. There is also room for investment in technology adoption mechanisms, business information and capacity-building platforms, infrastructure development and innovation projects.

And, whether it is agriculture and food and nutrition security; green economy transition; or digitalization of business, there is great scope for increasing the participation of women and youth in new investment projects.

The recent Fourth United Nations Conference on Small Island Developing States held in Antigua and Barbuda noted that the next 10 years are critical for SIDS. A new context is emerging, where the economic, social, environmental and geopolitical threats to the development of Small Island Developing States are so great that they can only meaningfully be managed by way of a reinvigorated enabling environment.

I therefore urge investors, private foundations, innovators, and other stakeholders to intentionally and strategically support the businesses of the Region, as they seek to meet current and future challenges and realities. The events of the past week, and the realization that this is only the beginning of an active Atlantic hurricane season, underscore the imperative of urgent and decisive action to effectively address our vulnerabilities.

Thank you very much, ladies and gentlemen.l

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THOUGHTS

“A Dangerous Assault on American Democracy” – Calling Out the Game and Implications of Right-Wing Disinformation About Non-Citizen Voting

BY AMERICA’S VOICE

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ollowing today's House vote on the SAVE Act – part of the right-wing disinformation campaign about the integrity of our elections – Vanessa Cárdenas, Executive Director of America’s Voice, issued the following statement: “The lies about non-citizen voting and the related mainstreaming of 'replacement' conspiracies are a dangerous assault on American democracy, instigates the possibility of more political violence and attacks against immigrants. Our voter security system is working, and our elections are free and fair. The chance of a non-citizen even registering to vote, let alone actually vote, is close to zero.

Legislation like the SAVE Act isn't designed to solve any real problems, but rather seeks to inflame fears against immigrants and would keep millions of eligible voters from participating in our elections.”

Yesterday, representatives from America’s Voice, the Brennan Center for Justice, The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, UnidosUS, and Declaration for American Democracy held a press briefing to discuss the farright disinformation campaign around non-citizen voting ahead of the SAVE Act vote. The speakers discussed the facts – that the prevalence of noncitizens voting is exceedingly rare, it's already prohibited by federal law and the laws in every state and carries stiff penalties. They also discussed how this bill is part of a broader disinformation campaign to undermine American elections, prevent eligible citizens from voting, and promote xenophobia to divide and deceive voters. The experts also highlighted the robust legislation on the table to expand the freedom to vote, which should be taken up by the

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Congress immediately. Among the speaker quotes included: "This legislation is part of a pattern of shameful political pandering to xenophobia and racism aimed at undermining faith in our elections. The reality is that states have multiple systems in place to deter noncitizen voting. It is already a crime several times over. This is not only a solution in search of a problem. It's also a very damaging lie with an ulterior motive: to lay the groundwork for challenging legitimate election results down the road,” said Sean Morales-Doyle, Director of Voting Rights, Brennan Center for Justice.

“For our democracy to work, it must include all of our voices. The SAVE Act represents a dangerous attempt to intimidate voters of color, impose onerous burdens on their political participation, and sow doubt about the legitimacy of our electoral process. Instead of promoting fear and division, Congress must focus on passing laws that protect and expand the right to vote like the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act, the Freedom to Vote Act, the Native American Voting Rights Act and DC statehood,” said Leslie Proll, Senior Director for Voting Rights, The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights.

“This non-citizen nonsense is a broad and orchestrated attack on the legitimacy of Latino voters and other communities who are constantly villainized and weaponized. We’re seeing heightened threats against elections officials and voters at the polls, especially in places where Latinos are a growing and significant part of the eligible voting population. Harmful and false rhetoric of non-citizen voters also spreads disinformation that targets and undermines Latino voters. This bill is a dangerous political ploy being used to suppress the vote in communities of color and further undermine voting rights in this country. An estimated 36.2 million Latinos are eligible to vote this year; stopping this nonsense and protecting the rights of Latino voters is not just important for our community, it’s crucial for our democracy.” said Juan Espinoza, Senior Civil Rights Advisor, UnidosUS. “Once again, extremist politicians are lying about our elections to justify and pass a radical political agenda to restrict voting for millions of eligible Americans.

We must reject these false claims and instead focus on the real issues facing our democracy, from extreme partisan and racial gerrymandering and the effort to pass restrictive anti-voter laws, to the rampant spreading of disinformation. We

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must pass the Freedom to Vote Act, John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act, the Native American VRAA, and DC Statehood to protect our sacred freedom to vote and to ensure that voters, regardless of color, income, or zip code, have a voice in our democracy.” said Christine Wood, Co-Director, Declaration for American Democracy.

“This bill does not just affect noncitizens but threatens to erode confidence in American democracy under the guise of safeguarding it. American democracy is too fragile for us to be naive and take the Speaker and his allies at face value. They are pushing this replacement theory lie that villainizes immigrants to advance an illiberal agenda,” said Zachary Mueller, Senior Research Director, America's Voice.l America's Voice – Harnessing the power of American voices and American values to win common sense immigration reform.

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DIASPORA CONCERNS

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The Process and Requirements for a Governor's Pardon in New York State

BY BRIAN FIGEROUX, ESQ.

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pardon is an act of clemency granted by the Governor of New York State that can forgive a person for their felony or misdemeanor conviction. Pardons are significant as they can restore civil rights, alleviate the stigma of a criminal record, and potentially prevent deportation for non-citizens. This analysis explores the process and requirements for obtaining a gubernatorial pardon in New York State, the typical timeframe for the process, and whether it can be expedited for federal immigration purposes.

The decision to grant a pardon ultimately rests with the Governor, who considers the recommendations from the Executive Clemency Bureau. Understanding the process and requirements is crucial for individuals seeking this form of clemency, particularly when facing time-sensitive issues such as deportation. Editorial credit: Ron Adar / Shutterstock.com

Requirements for a Pardon in New York State Eligibility Criteria To be considered for a pardon in New York State, applicants must generally meet several eligibility criteria: 1. Completion of Sentence: The applicant must have completed their sentence, including incarceration, probation, and parole, typically at least five years prior to applying.

2. Residency: The applicant should be a resident of New York State at the time of the application.

3. Demonstrated Rehabilitation: The applicant must show evidence of rehabil-

itation and positive behavior since the conviction. This can include steady employment, community service, educational achievements, and a lack of subsequent criminal activity.

4. Need for Relief: The applicant must demonstrate a specific need for the pardon, such as the restoration of civil rights, career advancement, or immigration relief.

5. Other Considerations: The Governor’s Office may consider factors such as the nature and severity of the offense, the applicant’s criminal history, and the overall impact of the conviction on the applicant’s life.

The Pardon Application Process Step 1: Preliminary Preparation Before submitting a formal application, it is advisable for applicants to gather all necessary documentation, which may include: •A detailed personal statement explaining the reasons for seeking a pardon.

•Character reference letters from employers, community leaders, or other reputable individuals.

•Documentation of employment, education, community service, and any other rehabilitative efforts.

•A complete criminal history report.

Step 2: Application Submission The application process for a gubernatorial pardon in New York State involves the following steps: 1.Obtain and Complete the Application Form: The application form for executive clemency, including pardons, can be obtained from the New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision (DOCCS) website. The form requires detailed personal information, the specifics of the conviction, and the reasons for requesting a pardon.

2. Submission of Supporting Documents: Along with the completed application form, applicants must submit all supporting documents that demonstrate their eligibility and the necessity for the pardon.

3.Submission to the Executive Clemency Bureau: The completed application and supporting documents must be submitted to the Executive Clemency Bureau of the DOCCS. Step 3: Review and Investigation Once the application is submitted, the Executive Clemency Bureau conducts a thorough review and investigation. This includes: •Verification of Information: The bureau verifies the accuracy of the information continued on page 5

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DIASPORA CONCERNS

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Governor’s Pardon/ continued from page 4

expedited consideration.

provided in the application.

•Background Check: A comprehensive background check is conducted, including a review of the applicant’s criminal record and any subsequent offenses.

•Assessment of Rehabilitation: The bureau assesses the applicant’s efforts towards rehabilitation and positive contributions to society.

•Interviews and Inquiries: The bureau may conduct interviews with the applicant and contact references to gather additional information.

Governor’s Discretion Ultimately, the decision to expedite a pardon lies with the Governor. While the process is designed to be thorough to ensure just and fair consideration, the Governor has the discretion to prioritize cases where there is a demonstrated urgent need, such as impending deportation.

Step 4: Recommendation to the Governor After the review and investigation are completed, the Executive Clemency Bureau prepares a report and makes a recommendation to the Governor. The recommendation can be either for or against granting the pardon, based on the findings of the investigation.

Step 5: Governor’s Decision The final decision to grant or deny a pardon rests with the Governor. The Governor reviews the recommendation from the Executive Clemency Bureau, along with the entire application file, and makes the decision. The Governor’s Office notifies the applicant of the decision in writing.

Timeframe for the Pardon Process Typical Duration The pardon process in New York State can be lengthy. The time it takes to complete the process varies depending on several factors, including the complexity of the case, the completeness of the application, and the workload of the Executive Clemency Bureau. Generally, the process can take several months to a few years from the time the application is submitted to the final decision by the Governor.

Expedited Pardons for Federal Immigration Purposes Urgency in Immigration Cases In some cases, individuals facing deportation or other immigration-related consequences due to a criminal conviction may seek an expedited pardon.

Deportation proceedings can be swift,

and the need for relief becomes urgent.

Expedited Review Process To request an expedited review for immigration purposes, the applicant or their attorney should: 1. Clearly Indicate the Urgency: In the application, explicitly state that the pardon is being sought for urgent immigration reasons and provide documentation from immigration authorities indicating the nature of the urgency.

2.Provide Comprehensive Documentation: Ensure that all required documentation and evidence of rehabilitation are complete and thorough, minimizing delays caused by requests for additional information.

3.Legal Representation: Having legal representation can be beneficial in navigating the complexities of both the pardon process and immigration proceedings. An attorney can help advocate for

Conclusion Obtaining a gubernatorial pardon in New York State involves a rigorous process designed to thoroughly evaluate the eligibility and rehabilitation of the applicant. While the standard process can take a significant amount of time, there are provisions for expedited consideration in urgent cases, such as those involving federal immigration consequences.

Applicants must meet specific eligibility criteria, provide comprehensive documentation, and clearly demonstrate their rehabilitation and need for relief. The decision to grant a pardon ultimately rests with the Governor, who considers the recommendations from the Executive Clemency Bureau. Understanding the process and requirements is crucial for individuals seeking this form of clemency, particularly when facing time-sensitive issues such as deportation.l

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HOT TOPIC

various policies to reduce emissions, including promoting renewable energy and energy efficiency. Nevertheless, the cumulative emissions from industrial activities over the decades have significantly contributed to global climate change.

Climate Change continued from page 1 Several factors influence hurricanes' formation and intensity, including sea surface temperatures, atmospheric moisture, and wind patterns.

Rising Sea Surface Temperatures One of the most direct impacts of climate change on hurricane activity is the increase in sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Hurricanes derive their energy from warm ocean waters. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global SSTs have risen by approximately 0.13°C per decade over the past century. This warming trend provides more fuel for hurricanes, leading to more intense and prolonged storms.

Atmospheric Moisture and Instability Warmer air can hold more moisture, and the atmosphere becomes more humid as global temperatures rise. This increase in atmospheric moisture contributes to heavier rainfall during hurricanes, exacerbating flooding and landslides in affected areas. Furthermore, climate change can alter atmospheric circulation patterns, creating conditions more conducive to developing hurricanes.

Wind Shear and Storm Intensification Wind shear, which refers to the change in

wind speed and direction with height, can influence the formation and intensity of hurricanes. While strong wind shear can disrupt the development of hurricanes, climate change is expected to alter wind shear patterns in ways that may reduce these inhibiting effects, allowing for stronger and more persistent storms.

The Impact on the Caribbean The Caribbean is particularly susceptible to the impacts of climate change due to its geographical location and economic dependence on tourism and agriculture.

The increase in hurricane activity poses significant threats to the region's infrastructure, economy, and overall wellbeing.

Economic Consequences The Caribbean economies heavily rely on tourism, which hurricanes can severe-

ly disrupt. The destruction of infrastructure, such as hotels, airports, and ports, can lead to long-term economic setbacks.

Additionally, hurricanes can devastate agricultural sectors, leading to food shortages and increased import costs.

Social and Health Impacts The social impact of increased hurricane activity in the Caribbean is profound.

Population displacement, loss of homes, and disruption of community networks can lead to long-term social instability.

Moreover, the aftermath of hurricanes often brings health challenges, including waterborne diseases and limited access to medical care.

Environmental Degradation Hurricanes can cause significant environmental damage, destroying coral reefs, mangroves, and coastal ecosystems vital for biodiversity and coastal protection.

Losing these natural barriers can make the region more vulnerable to future storms and rising sea levels.

Nations Contributing to Climate Change While the Caribbean nations are among the most affected by climate change, they contribute minimally to the global greenhouse gas emissions driving this phenomenon. In contrast, industrialized countries, particularly the United States, China, and members of the European Union, are among the largest emitters of greenhouse gases.

The United States The United States, with its high per capita emissions and large industrial base, plays a significant role in global climate change. Fossil fuel burning for energy production, transportation, and industry is the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S. Despite recent efforts to reduce emissions and transition to renewable energy sources, the U.S.'s historical and ongoing contributions to climate change remain substantial.

China China is currently the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases, primarily due to its reliance on coal for energy production. Rapid industrialization and urbanization have significantly increased carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

However, China has also made substantial investments in renewable energy and has committed to reducing its carbon intensity.

European Union The European Union, as a collective entity, is one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases. The EU has implemented

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies Addressing the impact of climate change on hurricane activity in the Caribbean requires mitigation and adaptation strategies. Mitigation involves reducing greenhouse gas emissions to slow global warming, while adaptation focuses on enhancing the resilience of communities and ecosystems to the impacts of climate change.

Mitigation Efforts 1. Renewable Energy Transition: Shifting from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric power is crucial. Industrialized nations must lead this transition and support developing countries in adopting clean energy technologies.

2. Carbon Pricing: Implementing carbon pricing mechanisms, such as carbon taxes or cap-and-trade systems, can incentivize businesses and individuals to reduce their carbon footprint.

3.International Agreements: Strengthening international agreements like the Paris Agreement is essential to ensure global cooperation in reducing emissions. Countries must commit to more ambitious targets and follow through with concrete actions.

Adaptation Strategies 1. Infrastructure Resilience: Investing in resilient infrastructure, such as hurricaneproof buildings, improved drainage systems, and early warning systems, can help minimize the damage caused by hurricanes.

2. Ecosystem Restoration: Protecting and restoring natural barriers like mangroves and coral reefs can enhance coastal resilience and reduce the impact of storm surges.

3. Community Preparedness: Educating and preparing communities for hurricane events can save lives and reduce storms' social and economic impact. This includes developing evacuation plans, emergency shelters, and communitybased disaster response teams.

Conclusion Climate change is unequivocally linked to the increase in hurricane activity in the Caribbean, with rising sea surface temperatures, increased atmospheric moisture, and changing wind patterns all playing a role. While the Caribbean nations bear the brunt of these impacts, they contribute minimally to the global greenhouse gas emissions driving climate change. Industrialized countries, particularly the United States, are responsible for reducing their emissions and supporting global efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. By addressing both the root causes and the impacts of climate change, we can work towards a more resilient and sustainable future for the Caribbean and the world.l

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FAMILY MATTERS Navigating Divorce continued from page 7 means that the relationship has been broken for at least six months. This no-fault option simplifies the divorce process by avoiding the need to prove wrongdoing by either party.

Equitable Distribution New York follows the principle of equitable distribution, which means that marital assets and debts are divided fairly, though not necessarily equally. The court considers various factors, such as the length of the marriage, the income and property of each spouse, and the contributions of each party to the marriage.

Child Custody and Support The best interests of the child are paramount in custody decisions. Courts consider factors such as the child’s health and safety, the primary caregiver’s role, and the ability of each parent to provide for the child’s emotional and financial needs. Child support is determined based on a formula that considers the income of both parents and the needs of the child.

Why Not Divorce Your Money or Children?

•Financial Stability - Maintaining a Standard of Living Divorcing spouses should strive to maintain financial stability to ensure that both

ing helps children adjust to the new family dynamics.

•Financial Support Ensuring adequate child support is crucial. The child support formula in New York is designed to provide for the child’s needs based on the combined income of both parents. This support covers essentials like education, healthcare, and extracurricular activities, contributing to the child’s overall wellbeing. parties can continue to support themselves and their children post-divorce.

Disrupting financial assets can lead to unnecessary hardship and instability, affecting both the custodial and non-custodial parent.

•Equitable Distribution Equitable distribution does not mean equal, but rather fair. It takes into account each spouse’s contributions, both financial and non-financial, to the marriage. By focusing on fair distribution, both parties can emerge from the divorce with a sense of security and fairness.

•Future Financial Security Preserving financial assets and negotiating a fair settlement can ensure that both spouses have the resources needed for their future. This includes retirement

funds, property, and other investments that are crucial for long-term financial health.

Prioritizing Children’s Well-Being •Emotional Stability Children are highly sensitive to the emotional climate of their parents. By ensuring that the divorce process is as amicable and stable as possible, parents can help their children navigate the transition more smoothly. Hostility and financial disputes can exacerbate children’s stress and anxiety.

•Consistent Parenting Co-parenting arrangements should be designed to provide stability and consistency for the children. This involves working together to maintain routines, enforce rules, and provide a united front in decision-making. Stability in parent-

The Dangers of Focusing on Financial and Custodial Battles •Financial Strain - Legal Costs Protracted financial disputes can lead to significant legal expenses, depleting the very resources that are meant to support both spouses and their children postdivorce. By focusing on an amicable settlement, couples can minimize legal costs.

•Asset Liquidation In contentious divorces, there is a risk that valuable assets may need to be liquidated to satisfy settlements or legal fees.

This can lead to long-term financial loss for both parties. Preserving assets through negotiation is generally more beneficial. continued on page 8

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FAMILY MATTERS

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Navigating Divorce/ continued from page 7 •Emotional Toll - Parental Conflict High-conflict divorces can take an emotional toll on children. Witnessing parental disputes over finances or custody can lead to feelings of insecurity and divided loyalty. Protecting children from such conflict is crucial for their emotional health.

•Impact on Relationships Bitter financial and custodial battles can damage relationships between parents and children. It is important to foster a positive co-parenting relationship to ensure that children maintain strong, healthy bonds with both parents.

Strategies for an Amicable Divorce Mediation and Collaborative Law •Mediation Mediation involves a neutral third party who helps the divorcing couple negotiate an agreement. This process is often less adversarial and can help couples reach a fair settlement while minimizing conflict and legal costs.

•Collaborative Law In collaborative law, each spouse has an attorney, but all parties agree to resolve disputes without going to court. This approach focuses on negotiation and problem-solving, aiming for a mutually beneficial outcome.

•Focus on Communication - Open Dialogue Maintaining open and respectful communication can help spouses address concerns and reach agreements more effectively. Clear communication helps prevent misunderstandings and reduces the likelihood of conflict.

•Child-Centered Discussions When discussing custody and support, parents should focus on what is best for their children. By prioritizing the child’s needs, parents can often find common ground and develop more effective coparenting strategies.

•Professional Guidance - Financial Advisors Consulting with financial advisors can help both spouses understand their financial situation and plan for the future.

Advisors can provide valuable insights into asset division, tax implications, and long-term financial planning.

•Therapists and Counselors Engaging with therapists or counselors can provide emotional support and guidance during the divorce process. Mental health professionals can help both spouses and children cope with the emotional challenges of divorce.

Conclusion In New York State, focusing on the dissolution of the marital relationship rather than on financial or custodial battles can lead to a more equitable, stable, and emotionally healthy outcome for all parties involved. By maintaining financial stability, prioritizing the well-being of children, and employing strategies for amicable resolution, divorcing spouses can navigate the process more effectively and ensure a smoother transition to postdivorce life. Ultimately, an approach centered on fairness, communication, and professional support can help both spouses and their children emerge from the divorce with resilience and stability.l

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9

IMMIGRATION

Supreme Court’s Munoz Decision Disregards Fundamental Interests of U.S. Citizens Married to Noncitizens

BY LESLIE DELLON AMERICA’S VOICE

I

n Department of State v. Munoz, the Supreme Court has chosen procedural concerns over the reality that errors by consular officers may bar U.S. citizens from residing in the United States with their noncitizen spouses.

Consular nonreviewability is a judgemade doctrine. Courts have barred review of visa denials due to separation of powers concerns—that decisions about admitting or excluding noncitizens may raise foreign policy concerns and should be left to the “political branches.”

In 2015, the Supreme Court in Kerry v.

Din left open the question of whether a U.S. citizen spouse has a protected liberty interest in their spouse’s visa application.

Four justices concluded that no constitutional right existed, but added that even if there were, the U.S. citizen spouse had received due process. Justice Kennedy’s concurring opinion (joined by Justice Alito) assumed a constitutional right existed, but agreed that the process pro-

vided satisfied the Due Process Clause of the U.S. Constitution.

In Munoz, the Court decided that a U.S. citizen does not have a protected liberty interest, holding that a U.S. citizen spouse has no constitutional right to live in the United States with their noncitizen spouse.

In January 2017, Ms. Munoz, a U.S. citizen, and Mr. Asencio-Cordero, a Salvadoran citizen, filed a lawsuit in a federal district court in California after trying unsuccessfully for more than one year to overcome the denial of his mar-

riage-based immigrant visa. Since the Din case never resolved the issue, the district court followed a prior Ninth Circuit decision that concluded a U.S. citizen had a constitutionally protected liberty interest in their noncitizen spouse’s visa application. The Ninth Circuit’s position on the constitutional question meant that the federal district court decision, and the appeal, would focus on whether Ms. Munoz received due process.

The couple married in 2010. Because Mr. Asencio-Cordero did not have a status in the United States, he could only

become a U.S. lawful permanent resident (LPR) by consular processing (receiving an immigrant visa abroad) and then being admitted to the United States as a LPR. But without a waiver of his “unlawful presence,” because he was in the United States for years without being admitted or paroled by a government official, he could not return to the United States for 10 years. The couple received approval from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services of the immigrant petition filed

by Ms. Munoz and a provisional waiver of Mr. Asencio-Cordero’s unlawful presence. The waiver would only benefit Mr. Asencio-Cordero if a consular officer did not find any other ground making him inadmissible to the United States.

However, after several interviews with a U.S. consular officer in San Salvador, the officer denied his visa application in December 2015. The officer cited to a statute making a noncitizen inadmissible if the officer “knows or has reasonable ground to believe” that the noncitizen continued on page 10

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10

IMMIGRATION Supreme Court Decision/ continued from page 9 seeks to enter to commit specified offenses or “any other unlawful activity.”

Suspecting that Mr. Asencio-Cordero’s tattoos were a factor, the couple submitted a declaration from a gang tattoo expert that his tattoos were not gangrelated. Mr. Asencio-Cordero had no criminal record in the United States or El Salvador and repeatedly denied that he was an MS-13 gang member.

During the lawsuit and nearly three years after the visa denial, the government submitted a declaration that the consular officer deemed him inadmissible for belonging to MS-13, based on personal interview, a “criminal review” of him, and review of his tattoos. The government also provided confidential law enforcement information only for the federal district court’s review. Applying a standard the Supreme Court announced in a 1972 decision, Kleindienst v.

Mandel, the court considered whether the government had provided a “facially legitimate and bona fide reason” for the visa denial. While Mandel concerned the Attorney General’s denial of a waiver after the consular officer found a noncitizen inadmissible for a visitor visa, Justice Kennedy followed the Mandel standard in Din when considering consular nonreviewability. Satisfied with the evidence, the district court entered summary judgment for the government.

The Ninth Circuit reversed. The Ninth Circuit concluded that timeliness is a “core” component of due process, making the government’s disclosures three years after the visa denial “insufficient” to satisfy the Mandel standard. The court decided that because the government did not meet “the notice requirements of due process,” it could not invoke the consular nonreviewability doctrine and the district court could review the visa denial. The Supreme Court then accepted the government’s petition to consider the case, and in its June 2024 decision, rejected the Ninth Circuit’s analysis.

The Supreme Court could have ruled for the government in Munoz without deciding the question of a U.S. citizen’s liberty interest. Justice Gorsuch, who concurred with the five-justice opinion written by Justice Barrett, and Justice Sotomayor, joined by Justices Kagan and Jackson in dissent, pointed out that the

Court did not have to reach this constitutional question. Instead, the majority could have assumed such a right exists, and concluded that Ms. Munoz received all the process she was due. Whether sufficient process meant (a) the consular officer only had to provide the citation to the “any other unlawful activity” inadmissibility ground, as the majority observed or (b) the facts the government provided after being sued, as the dissent said, the result would be no judicial review—and the constitutional issue would remain to be considered if warranted in a future lawsuit.

The dissent also pointed out that the majority disregarded the burden that foreclosing judicial review of a visa denial imposes on a U.S. citizen’s constitutional right to marry. The dissent gave examples of same-sex marriages or the marriage of a U.S. citizen to a wife whose country does not recognize deriv-

ative immigration status for their noncitizen spouses.

“The majority’s failure to respect the right to marriage in this country consigns U.S. citizens to rely on the fickle grace of other countries’ immigration laws to vindicate” the right to marry and live together, the dissenting justices commented.

The Munoz decision should not be viewed as an end to challenges to visa denials. The Mandel standard may provide a mechanism to challenge a visa denial as lacking a “facially legitimate and bona fide reason” if challengers can show a First Amendment violation (although Munoz seems to foreclose a U.S. citizen basing an argument on the noncitizen spouse’s visa application). A cause of action based on the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) challenging a visa denial as “arbitrary and capricious” or an “abuse of discretion” may be possible in those courts where this avenue has not been foreclosed. Another possibility may be if the consular officer’s decision can be demonstrated to be in bad faith.

More research and more decisions will reveal whether successful challenges can be made.l Leslie K. Dellon is a Senior Attorney (Business Immigration) at the American Immigration Council where she works to change agency practices that impede the intended use of employment-based visa categories.

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11

JOBS & RECESSION

Being a Paralegal in New York

BY THE CHAMBER COALITION

B

eing a paralegal is a rewarding and challenging career within the legal field. Paralegals, also known as legal assistants, play a crucial role in supporting lawyers and law firms by conducting legal research, drafting legal documents, organizing files, and assisting with case management. Here are some critical aspects of being a paralegal: Legal Research: Paralegals often research to gather information relevant to cases. This can involve reviewing statutes, regulations, case law, and other legal documents to support attorneys in preparing for trials, hearings, or other legal proceedings.

Document Drafting: Paralegals assist attorneys in drafting various legal documents, including contracts, pleadings, motions, and briefs. They must have strong writing skills and attention to detail to convey legal arguments and information accurately.

Case Management: Paralegals help manage cases by organizing files, maintaining calendars, scheduling appointments, and coordinating communication between attorneys, clients, and other par-

ties involved in the legal process.

Client Interaction: Depending on the firm and the specific role, paralegals may interact with clients to gather information, provide updates on case progress, and assist with inquiries or requests.

Specialization: Paralegals may specialize in specific areas of law, such as corporate law, real estate, immigration, bankruptcy, family law, or intellectual property. Specialization often requires additional training or experience in a particular legal area.

Ethical Considerations: Paralegals must adhere to ethical guidelines and maintain confidentiality regarding client information and privileged communications.

They work under the supervision of attorneys and must follow ethical standards set by legal professional organizations.

Continuing Education: Keeping up with changes in laws, regulations, and legal technologies is essential for paralegals.

Many pursue continuing education courses, certifications, or advanced degrees to enhance their skills and stay current.

Teamwork: Paralegals collaborate closely with attorneys, legal assistants, and

other professionals to ensure cases proceed smoothly and efficiently. Strong communication and teamwork skills are essential for success in this role.

Being a Paralegal in New York In New York City, you generally do not need a specific degree to work as a paralegal. However, most employers prefer candidates who have completed a formal paralegal studies program or have a bachelor's degree in a related field such as criminal justice, political science, or prelaw.

While a degree or certificate in paralegal studies is not always required, having one can enhance your job prospects and may qualify you for higher-paying positions or advancement opportunities within the legal field. Ultimately, the specific educational requirements for paralegal positions in New York City can vary depending on the employer and the nature of the work. It's essential to research job postings and consult with professionals to determine the educational qualifications and skills needed for the paralegal positions you're interested in pursuing.

The Chamber Coalition offers an outstanding Certificate Program at an affordable price of $550, that can provide you with the necessary knowledge and skills to work as a paralegal. Some topics include legal research, writing, immigration, family, and access to CALI, which law schools use. You also get additional certificates from CLIO and Lexis Nexis.For more information, visit www.freeparalegal.org Overall, being a paralegal requires a combination of legal knowledge, organizational skills, attention to detail, and professionalism. It offers opportunities for career growth and advancement within the legal profession.l

Orientation is Monday, July 15, 2024

Join us via Zoom at 6pm

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12

Statement from Jamaica’s Consul General Alsion Wilson Regarding Hurricane Beryl

A

s Hurricane Beryl impacts our beloved homeland, Jamaica, we stand united in prayer and solidarity for the safety of all Jamaicans. I urge you to join me in fervent prayer for our friends and families back home, asking for divine protection and guidance during this challenging time.

I understand the anxiety and concern many of you feel, especially those parents who have sent their children to Jamaica for the summer. The separation from your loved ones can be particularly distressing during such uncertain times.

Please know that our thoughts and prayers are with you and your children.

Here at the Consulate General of Jamaica in New York, we are closely monitoring the situation and awaiting the hurricane’s passage. Prime Minister Andrew Holness has assured us that the country is in the best state of readiness to face this storm. Resources have been strategically deployed to ensure the safety and well-being of all Jamaicans. We hope that everyone has taken advantage of the available shelters. If it is not too late, and you are able to reach your families, please encourage them to utilize

Hon Alsion Wilson, Consul General of Jamaica

these shelters if they have not already done so.

The Consulate General has already initiated discussions with various stakeholders, including diaspora leaders, to be prepared to assist in the aftermath of the storm, should broad governmental assistance be required. We await the directives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade to guide our efforts once the extent of any damage is known.

In the interim, we have implemented an emergency hotline for those concerned about their loved ones or property and those seeking information on how they

can assist. The hotline number is 888817-9050. Please be aware that our ability to provide information will be based on what we receive from official sources.

We close with a prayer for minimal damage and the swift recovery of our nation. Let us remain hopeful and steadfast, supporting one another through this time of trial. I encourage all community members to continue to pray for Jamaica’s safety and prepare to assist in the recovery efforts that may follow.

May God bless and protect us all. With heartfelt prayers and solidarity.

MTA Procurement The MTA encourages vendors

who have not done business with us to register for our bidders list using MY MTA Portal for vendors at www.mymta.info. Registered vendors can search for procurement opportunities across all MTA agencies and receive invitations to bid or propose on the types of goods and services they can provide.Certified minority and women-owned businesses (M/WBE), service-disabled veteran-owned businesses (SDVOB), and disadvantaged businesses (DBE), are strongly encouraged to compete for MTA opportunities.

Visit our website at https://new.mta.info/doingbusiness-with-us for detailed information and guidelines.

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COUNTRY FOCUS: GUYANA

13

Gov’t Has ‘Substantial’ Systems in Place for Monitoring Oil and Gas Operations – Dr Jagdeo

G

eneral Secretary of the People’s Progressive Party, Dr Bharrat Jagdeo, has once again deflated contentions that the government is not keeping a keen eye on the activities unfolding in Guyana’s oil and gas sector.

While acknowledging the need to further strengthen monitoring systems, Dr Jagdeo emphasised that there are already substantial mechanisms in place, enabling real-time tracking of various aspects of oil and gas operations.

This includes a comprehensive system that enables the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in conjunction with the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Guyana Geology and Mines Commission (GGMC) to monitor how much oil is being extracted by ExxonMobil and its partners from the Stabroek Block.

“Exxon now shares their dashboard where they are monitoring in real-time what’s going on offshore. They already have that up and running onshore. So, we get to see this screen and it updates every

General Secretary of the People’s Progressive Party, Dr Bharrat Jagdeo Photo courtesy: DPI Government

ten minutes,” Dr Jagdeo told a press conference at Freedom House on Thursday.

This system allows insight into other elements such as production data and flare management efforts.

“And you have some of the key param-

eters that we get to see like the tank inventories, the sea water gas, how much gas is produced, the downtime power generation safety health and environment flare management,” the general secretary explained.

Dr Jagdeo also pointed out that representatives from the Guyana Revenue Authority and the Guyana National Bureau of Standards (GNBS) are present on the vessel to ensure proper calibration of meters, among other aspects.

He continued, “We intend to do parallel things in the future, but right now there are key parameters that we measure.”

At a previous press conference, Dr Jagdeo said that the government is looking at ways to enhance the monitoring capacity of the EPA, even though there are robust systems in place.

In addition to the sensors enabling monitoring of flaring and water quality, the EPA uses NASA’s satellites to monitor any incident of flaring as well as MAXAR technology to have a bird’s eye view of any spill.l Source: dpi.gov.gy

Read more news at cawnyc.com

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Caribbean American Weekly- JULY 2024 PAGE 14

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nHEALTH

nENTERTAINMENT

nRELATIONSHIPS

nRECIPES

nSPORTS

nHOROSCOPE

Calypso Legend, The Mighty Sparrow: Celebrates His 89th Birthday

BY PEARL PHILLIP

I

n the vibrant and pulsating tapestry of Caribbean music, few names shine as brightly as that of The Mighty Sparrow. Born Slinger Francisco, this legendary calypsonian has not only defined an era but continues to be a revered figure in music, celebrated for his wit, charm, and incisive social commentary. As he marks his 89th birthday, it's an opportune moment to reflect on his remarkable journey and enduring legacy.

A Musical Journey The Mighty Sparrow's story begins in Gran Roi, a small village in Grenada, where he was born on July 9, 1935. His family moved to Trinidad when he was a young boy, where he would later immerse himself in the rich traditions of calypso—a genre deeply rooted in the islands' culture and history.

From humble beginnings performing in local competitions, Sparrow's talent quickly caught the attention of audiences and fellow musicians alike. His ability to blend satire with social commentary and infectious melodies set him apart, earning him the "Calypso King of the World."

His repertoire covers many themes, from political satire to love ballads, all delivered with his distinctive voice and charismatic stage presence.

Here are some of his greatest hits: 1. "Jean and Dinah": A classic calypso that tells the story of the departure of US military personnel from Trinidad after World War II. 2. "Sparrow Dead": A humorous and self-referential song where Sparrow imagines his own funeral and the reactions of various women in his life.

3. "Dan is the Man (in the Van)": A catchy and humorous calypso celebrating a character named Dan who drives a van.

4. "Saltfish": Sparrow's take on the traditional dish of saltfish and its importance in Caribbean cuisine.

5. "Drunk and Disorderly": A lively calypso that humorously depicts the consequences of drinking too much rum.

6."Congo Man": A song celebrating the vibrant culture of Trinidad and Tobago, particularly the African influences.

inspiring generations of musicians and fans alike.

7."Obeah Wedding": A satirical song about a man who falls in love with a woman rumored to be involved in Obeah (a Caribbean form of sorcery or witchcraft).

Celebrating 89 Years As The Mighty Sparrow celebrates his 89th birthday, his dedication to his craft and his passion for calypso remain undiminished.

Despite health challenges in recent years, his spirit and musical prowess continue to inspire admiration and respect. His performances, though fewer now, still resonate with the same energy and vitality that have characterized his career from the beginning, serving as a beacon of inspiration and hope for all.

8."Capitalism Gone Mad": A social commentary on the negative impacts of capitalism and consumerism on society.

9."Education": A calypso advocating for the importance of education and its transformative power.

10"The Lizard": A humorous song about a man who encounters a lizard in his bathroom and attempts to get rid of it.

These songs showcase The Mighty Sparrow's versatility as a calypsonian, blending humor, social commentary, and infectious rhythms that have made him a beloved figure in Caribbean music and beyond.

Global Influence Beyond the Caribbean, The Mighty Sparrow's influence has reached far and wide. His music has captivated audiences in Europe, North America, and beyond, making him one of the first calypsonians to achieve international recognition.

Throughout the decades, his songs have resonated with listeners of all backgrounds, transcending cultural boundaries and cementing his status as a global musical icon.

Legacy of Social Commentary What truly distinguishes The Mighty Sparrow's music is its powerful social commentary. His lyrics are often laced with sharp observations on politics, social justice, and the everyday struggles of Caribbean life. Whether addressing poverty, inequality, or the joys of Carnival, Sparrow's songs have served as a mirror to society, reflecting its triumphs and challenges with honesty and wit.

The Mighty Sparrow and President Barack Obama Mighty Sparrow wrote a song about Barack Obama during his 2008 presiden-

tial campaign. The song "Barack the Magnificent" celebrated Obama's historic candidacy and the excitement surrounding his campaign. In the song, Sparrow praises Obama's charisma, intelligence, and the hope he inspired, especially among people of African descent worldwide. It reflects the admiration and optimism that Obama's candidacy brought to many around the globe. This song is a testament to Sparrow's unique ability to capture and reflect on significant political and social moments through his music, engaging and enlightening his audience in the process.

Honors and Achievements Over his illustrious career, The Mighty Sparrow has amassed numerous accolades and honors. He has won the Trinidad and Tobago Carnival Road March competition multiple times and has been awarded the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for his contributions to music. His impact on the cultural landscape of the Caribbean is immeasurable,

Looking Ahead Looking forward, The Mighty Sparrow's legacy is assured. His songs remain timeless classics, cherished for their melodies and cherished for their messages. As new generations discover his music, they too are drawn into the colorful world of calypso, where storytelling meets melody in perfect harmony.

Today, The Mighty Sparrow stands not only as a musical icon but as a cultural ambassador whose impact transcends generations and borders. As he celebrates his 89th birthday, we celebrate not just the man but the enduring legacy of his music. This legacy, which continues to enrich the music world and bring joy to countless listeners worldwide, is a testament to his unparalleled talent and dedication. Here's to The Mighty Sparrow, the Calypso King of the World, and may his music continue to inspire and uplift for years to come. Happy Birthday to our Caribbean Star! Wishing you many more!l

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LOVE & RELATIONSHIPS

16

Are You Happy in Your Romantic Relationship? are inherently social creatures, wired to seek connection and companionship. The prospect of facing life’s challenges without a partner can trigger deep-seated anxieties about isolation and abandonment.

In response, individuals may convince themselves that any relationship, even unsatisfying, is preferable to the perceived loneliness of singlehood.

BY MARY CAMPBELL

I

n the complex dance of love and companionship, many of us grapple with the question: Are we truly happy in our romantic relationships?

This query strikes at the core of our emotional well-being and fulfillment. Yet, despite its importance, some individuals make excuses to stay in relationships that may no longer serve their best interests.

Relationships evolve, and what may have once been a source of joy and support can sometimes transform into something less fulfilling. During these moments of transition, individuals may begin to justify staying in a relationship through a series of rationalizations.

These justifications can vary widely, from practical concerns to emotional dependencies, each serving as a shield against the difficult reality that the relationship may no longer be healthy or beneficial.

The Comfort of Familiarity One of the most common justifications for staying in a relationship is the com-

fort of familiarity. After investing significant time and emotional energy into a partnership, it can be daunting to contemplate starting anew. The thought of navigating life without a familiar companion can evoke uncertainty and loneliness, prompting individuals to cling to the security of what they know, even if it no longer brings them happiness.

Fear of Being Alone Related to the comfort of familiarity is the fear of being alone. Human beings

Social Expectations and External Pressures Societal norms and expectations can exert a powerful influence on our decisions regarding relationships. Whether it’s pressure from family members, friends, or cultural traditions, individuals may feel compelled to maintain the facade of a happy partnership, even when the reality is far from ideal. The fear of judgment or disapproval can drive people to prioritize appearances over personal happiness, leading to prolonged periods of discontentment.

Investment Bias Psychological research has identified a phenomenon known as the “sunk cost

fallacy,” wherein individuals continue to invest in something (in this case, a relationship) solely because of the resources already committed, regardless of its diminishing returns. This bias can also manifest in relationships, where individuals justify staying based on the time, effort, and emotional energy invested rather than objectively evaluating whether the relationship still meets their needs.

Hope for Change Optimism can be a powerful motivator, even in the face of adversity. In struggling relationships, individuals may convince themselves that things will improve with time, effort, or external changes.

This hope for a better future can lead them to endure present dissatisfaction, believing that their partner will change or that circumstances will eventually align in their favor.

Self-Worth and Identity Personal identity can become intertwined with relationship status, influencing indicontinued on page 17

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HEALTH

17

Each July, We Honor the Legacy of Bebe Moore Campbell

E

ach July, we honor the legacy of author, advocate, and trailblazer Bebe Moore Campbell by recognizing Bebe Moore Campbell National Minority Mental Health Awareness Month (also known as BIPOC Mental Health Month).

Moore Cambell’s ability to tell impactful stories highlighting themes of racism, mental health, and family left a lasting mark on this world and is a foundation for much of the work that continues in support of Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) mental health.

Throughout her work, Moore Cambell did not shy away from the realities of what it meant to live as a Black person in America. Her book, “Your Blues Ain’t Like Mine,” was inspired by the murder of Emmett Till and deemed as one of the most influential books of 1992 by the New York Times. Moore Cambell continued to write of real events that impacted Black and marginalized communities, such as her work in “Brothers and Sisters,” which takes place in Los Angeles following the Rodney King riots. By highlighting these issues, Moore Cambell brought themes of envi-

ronmental impact, race, and community connections to the forefront of American literature.

Her early books drew attention to the harsh realities of racism and the way that this continued trauma can show up in everyday life. Her later books continued with similar themes and included strong ties to mental health, as well as the importance of community bonds, leaning on family and friends, and finding support during an individual’s treatment and recovery journey. Additionally, through her advocacy efforts, Moore Cambell continued to engage with community members, connect individuals to support

networks, and create spaces that were truly inclusive for those within them.

Moore Cambell passed away on Nov. 27, 2006, but through her powerful storytelling, advocacy, and strong community roots, fellow advocates continued her fight. Mental Health America honors her unforgettable legacy each July by releasing an outreach toolkit and campaign that gives individuals throughout the country the tools they need to educate themselves and others. Her legacy lives on, providing a powerful foundation for marginalized communities to thrive and be known.l

Romantic Relationship continued from page 16 viduals to derive their sense of self-worth from their partnership. In such cases, ending a relationship may feel like a blow to one’s identity, prompting individuals to stay to preserve their perceived self-image as part of a couple.

The Courage to Choose Happiness Ultimately, deciding to stay in or leave a relationship is deeply personal and complex. While many valid reasons exist for trying to make a relationship work, clinging to poor justifications can prolong unhappiness and prevent personal growth. It takes courage to acknowledge when a relationship is no longer fulfilling and to prioritize one’s happiness and well-being.

Time to Reassess Your Priorities Healthy relationships thrive on mutual respect, communication, and shared happiness. Do you find yourself making excuses to stay in a relationship that no longer brings you joy? It may be time to reassess your priorities and consider whether staying serves your long-term happiness and fulfillment. Remember, you deserve to be in a relationship where you feel valued, supported, and genuinely happy.l

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KNOW YOUR RIGHTS

18

Car Accidents in the Summer: A Season of Increased Risk

BY CHRIS TOBIAS

T

hree people lost their lives, and at least nine others were injured, with four in critical condition, after a pickup truck plowed into a group celebrating the Fourth of July holiday in New York City, authorities confirmed.

The driver responsible for the tragic collision has been identified as 44-yearold Daniel Hyden from New Jersey.

According to officials, Hyden was operating a gray Ford F-150 traveling at a high speed down a street just before 9 p.m. on Thursday. The vehicle reportedly disregarded a stop sign, proceeded onto the sidewalk, and entered Corlears Hook Park in Manhattan’s Lower East Side, detailed Jeffrey Maddrey, chief of the New York Police Department, during a press briefing.

CBS News has reported that Hyden faces charges of driving under the influence and driving without a valid license in connection with the incident. The collision’s aftermath has shocked the community, prompting authorities to intensify their efforts to ensure public safety during holiday celebrations. The investi-

gation into the circumstances surrounding the crash remains ongoing. “We had a tragic incident that took place here,” Adams said. “A driver drove into a crowd of people who were actually just celebrating like so many New Yorkers and Americans are doing right now.”

This tragedy is a stark reminder of the preventable nature of such incidents.

Responsible driving and adherence to traffic regulations are not just rules, but tools we all have to prevent such devastating incidents.

Summer is a time for road trips, vacations, and increased travel, leading to a higher incidence of car accidents. More vehicles on the road, longer daylight hours, and often higher speeds can contribute to this spike in accidents.

Understanding the factors that lead to these accidents and what to do if injuries don’t immediately manifest can help you stay safe and protect your legal rights.

Increased Traffic and Distracted Driving One of the primary reasons for the rise in car accidents during the summer is the increase in traffic. Families embark on

vacations, teenagers are out of school, and people generally spend more time driving to outdoor activities. With this surge in road users, the likelihood of accidents naturally rises. Additionally, distracted driving becomes more prevalent, as drivers may be more tempted to use their phones for navigation, take photos, or engage in other activities while driving.

Impaired Driving Summer is also a season of celebrations, including holidays like the Fourth of July, which often involve alcohol consumption. Unfortunately, this can lead to an increase in impaired driving incidents.

Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs significantly impairs judgment, reaction times, and overall driving abilities, making it a leading cause of car accidents during the summer months.

Road Construction The warmer weather allows for extensive road construction projects, which can create hazardous driving conditions.

Construction zones often have confusing signage, lane changes, and reduced speed

limits, which can contribute to accidents if drivers are not cautious and attentive.

Fatigue and Long Drives Long road trips are a hallmark of summer but can lead to driver fatigue, a severe risk factor for accidents. Driving for extended periods without adequate rest can impair a driver’s ability to focus and react quickly, increasing the likelihood of an accident.

Guidance New Yorkers are reminded of the utmost importance of exercising caution and vigilance while navigating the city’s streets, especially during increased travel and celebration periods. If you or a loved one has been in a car accident or the victim of driving under the influence, please consult with the compassionate and experienced Law Firm of Figeroux & Associates. While we cannot take away your emotional anguish and physical pain, we will seek justice and compensation for you and your family. Call us today at 855-768-8845 or schedule an appointment at www.askthelawyer.usl

Compensation for Victims & Families of Nursing Home Abuse and Neglect

If your loved one was neglected or abused in a Nursing Home or assisted living facility, financial compensation may be available.

Call 855-768-8845 for a consultation One in six residents in nursing homes and community facilties were neglected last year resulting in thousands of families experiencing trauma, mental illness, medical emergencies, and even death. Nursing home abuse and neglect is real.

Has your loved one experienced any of these or other types of abuse?

•Bedsores •Improper Treatment/Medication •Choking/Death •Malnutrition/Dehydration •Falls •Respiratory Illness •Fractured Bones •Sexual Abuse •Infections •Sexual Assault

Experience matters. The lawyer you hire does make a difference.

Schedule a consultation now.

Get compensation for your loved one’s suffering.

Call 855-768-8845 or visit www.askthelawyer.us

Call 888-670-6791 26 Court Street, Suite 701 Downtown Brooklyn

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Caribbean American Weekly - JULY PAGE19

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Caribbean American Weekly - JULY 2024 PAGE 20

The lawyer you hire, does make a difference!

VISIT WWW.CAWNYC.COM FOR THE LATEST CARIBBEAN NEWS, IMMIGRATION UPDATES, VIEWPOINTS, ENTERTAINMENT & MORE! LIKE US ON FACEBOOK @CAWNYC!