The Future of Wine Quality in Cans Depends on Chemisty

FIGURE 8: Acrylic coating hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a function of storage time (one, two, four or eight months) for 10 commercial wines packaged in replicate (n=3 per time point for each wine; error bars represent one standard deviation). 2

FIGURE 10: Linear regressions of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) formation during long-term storage in BPA epoxy-lined cans (average of four and eight months) versus either accelerated aging in the presence of BPA epoxy-lined coupons (top panel) or bare aluminum coupons (bottom panel).2

FIGURE 9A&B: Changes in dissolved aluminum (Δ[Al]) in cans lined in BPA-NI epoxy versus BPA epoxy across all storage time points (one, two four and eight months and wines. 9B: (Δ[Al]) versus hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (µg/L) for cans lined with BPA epoxy across all storage time points. Each point represents an average of three can replicates. 2

References

1. Personal communication with Matthew Sheehan, March 14-16. 2023.

2. Montgomery, A., R. B. Allison, J.M. Goddard and G. L. Sacks. (2023). “Hydrogen Sulfide Formation in Canned Wines under Long-Term and Accelerated Conditions.” American Journal of Enology and Viticulture January 2023. [Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. License MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).]

3. Allison, R.B., G.L. Sacks, L. Maslov-Bandic, A.H.. Montgomery and J. Goddard. (2020). “The Chemistry of Canned Wines.” Appellation Cornell Research Focus 2020- 1. [Copyright: © 2020 by the authors. License MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative

FIGURE 11: Linear regressions of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) formation in model wine solutions as a function of molecular SO2 (calculated at 20°C), pH and free SO2 for spiked wines stored under accelerated aging conditions (three days at 50°C with BPA epoxy-coated coupons). 2

Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/).]

4. Allison, R. B., A. Montgomery and G. L. Sacks. (September 2021) “Analysis of Free Hydrogen Sulfide in Wines Using Gas Detection Tubes.” Catalyst: Discovery into Practice. 2021.21003; published ahead of print September 09, 2021; DOI: 10.5344/ catalyst.2021.21003. [Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. License MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).]