2021 Water Quality Report

2021 Water Quality Report www.westernvawater.org info@westernvawater.org 540.853.5700 Serving customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin & Botetourt, Virginia

About This Report The Western Virginia Water Authority supplies customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt with an annual water quality report. This provides you with information about the source of your water, what it contains and how it compares to the standards set by regulatory agencies based on data collected during calendar year 2020 or the most recent testing period.

The Water Quality Division of the Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to deliver safe drinking water. Once again, the Water Authority is in full compliance with all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

On July 1, 2004 the Western Virginia Water Authority was formed from the former utility departments of the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County. In November 2009 Franklin County joined the Water Authority. Botetourt County joined in 2015 offering a larger regional approach to meeting the communities’ water and wastewater needs.

The Authority has earned the highest industry awards for both water and wastewater, implemented energy saving measures across all departments, focused on cleaning the sanitary sewer lines and rehabilitating aging water distribution pipes.

Reaching out to the Western Virginia Water Authority Executive Director The Western Virginia Water Authority’s Executive Director, Michael McEvoy, oversees the daily treatment and delivery of 19-million gallons of drinking water and the collection and treatment of 37-million gallons of wastewater a day.

Authority Board of Directors The Western Virginia Water Authority’s Board of Directors, appointed by the member localities, governs the Authority. Representatives from the City of Roanoke include Mr. John P. Bradshaw, Jr., Mr. Bob Cowell and Mr. Harvey Brookins. The Roanoke County representatives include Mr. Don Davis, Mr. Dan O’Donnell and Mr. Randall Hancock. Mrs. Shirley Holland represents Franklin County, and Mr. Hunter Young represents Botetourt County.

Board meetings are held on the third Thursday of each month (with the exception of August and December) at 601 S. Jefferson Street.

The Board meetings are open to the public.

Customer Service Our customer service representatives are available Monday-Friday from 8am - 5pm. If you have a water or sewer emergency after hours, calls to the Water Authority are answered by Roanoke County’s 911 Dispatch Center. 540.853.5700 | info@westernvawater.org 601 S. Jefferson Street • Suite 200 • Roanoke, VA 24011 www.westernvawater.org

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Table of Contents 2021 Water Quality Report Contact Information ...................................................... 2 How Standards are Set .................................................. 3 Information about Specific Tests ................................... 4 Definitions ..................................................................... 5 Source Water Assessment ............................................ 6 Backflow Education ...................................................... 6 UCMR4 Data ................................................................. 7 Roanoke Area System Water Quality Data ........ ..... 8 -17 Botetourt County System Water Quality Data ... .. 18 - 21 Franklin County Systems Water Quality Data .... ... 22 - 39 Water Conservation, Leak Detection & Outreach ........ 40

Testing Your Water In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. Food and Drug Administration regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health. All drinking water, including bottled drinking water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.

More information about drinking water is available through these sources Virginia Department of Health: (Roanoke & Botetourt area) 540.463.7136 Virginia Department of Health: (Franklin County) 434.836.8416 Center for Disease Control and Prevention: 1.800.311.3435 404.639.3311 or 404.639.3312 (TTY) Roanoke Environmental Health Department: 540.857.7663 EPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline: 800.426.4791

How are the standards set?

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) at very stringent levels. In developing the standards, EPA assumes that the average adult drinks 2 liters of water each day throughout a 70-year life span. EPA generally sets MCLs at levels that will result in no adverse health effects for some contaminants or a one-in-ten-thousand to one-in-one-million chance of having the described health effect for other contaminants.

The tables of data on pages 10 -39 summarize water-testing results from 2020 or the most recent reporting year for both regulated and non-regulated substances. Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. There is no State or Federal MCL for sodium. Monitoring is required to provide information to consumers and health officials that are concerned about sodium intake due to dietary restrictions. The EPA recommended optimal level of sodium is less than 20 ppm, established for people on a “strict” sodium intake diet. The amount of sodium detected in each water system is listed in the data charts.

The Western Virginia Water Authority constantly monitors its water supplies for various contaminants to meet all regulatory requirements.

All regulated substances must be tested annually (or triennially) for small systems) except for lead and copper and SOCs, which must be tested every three years, and radiologicals, which must be tested every six to nine years. The TTHMs/HAA5s were derived from running annual averages.

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Cryptosporidium & Giardia

Lead & Copper Testing

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are microscopic organisms that can cause fever, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms when ingested. The organisms come from animal and human wastes and are eliminated through water filtration and disinfection. Even though the presence of these organisms is not regulated by the state or federal government, the Water Authority has tested for these organisms.

Giardia, 0.2 cyst per 1 liter, was detected in the raw (untreated) water at Falling Creek in March 2016 and 8 cyst per 1 liter in June 2017.

Cryptosporidium was detected in the raw (untreated) water at Carvins Cove (0.1 cyst per 1 liter in January 2016 and 0.1 cyst per 1 liter in February 2016).

Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons, such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbiological contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

Quality water begins at the source. It is important that the Western Virginia Water Authority knows and understands the water chemistry from each source, closely monitors the treatment process and understands the pipe material that the water can flow through. This is especially important regarding lead and copper.

What Causes Discolored Water?

Changes in water pressure in water systems, such as when water mains break or fire hydrants are used or flushed, can occasionally cause drinking water to be discolored. The discoloration is caused by sediments in pipes mixing with clear water. The sediments occur naturally from the oxidation of iron in pipes.

While discolored water is ordinarily safe to drink, it is best to flush any discolored water from pipes by turning on all cold-water faucets in your home or business. Avoid turning on hot-water faucets so the discolored water is not drawn into water heaters.

If you notice evidence of a water main break or leaking fire hydrant, please call 540.853.5700.

What is my Water Hardness?

As water naturally flows over rocks and through the soil, it picks up minerals. The more calcium and magnesium present, the harder your water. While water hardness is not a safety issue, you may notice increased mineral build-up or soap residue with harder water.

Hardness can be expressed as PPM - parts per million or GPG - grains per gallon.

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PPM

GPG

Rating

0 - 75

0 - 4.3

Soft

76 - 150

4.4 - 8.7

Moderately Hard

151 - 300

8.8 - 17.5

Hard

over 300

17.6 +

Very Hard

Copper is a nutritionally essential element, but at high levels, copper can cause gastrointestinal difficulties such as nausea and diarrhea.

Elevated levels of lead, if present, can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily associated with materials and components in service lines and home plumbing.

The Authority maintains over 1500 miles of pipes up to and including the lines going to the customer’s water meter. Pipe materials in our system can be cast iron, ductile iron or pvc. We do not know of any lead pipes in our distribution system. However, customers, particularly those in older homes, may have lead plumbing in their homes or pipes that were joined with lead solder.

We treat the water with corrosion control or adjust the pH of the water so that pipes in our distribution system and the customers’ pipes in their homes are protected.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is responsible for providing high quality drinking water but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting in your pipes for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes or until it becomes cold or reaches a steady temperature before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested.

Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Terms Used in This Water Quality Report

Substance

Source of Substance

Alkalinity

Measurement of naturally occurring carbonates

Antimony

Action Level (AL): The concentration of a contaminant that triggers treatment or other requirement that a water system must follow.

Discharge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder

Arsenic

Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards, runoff from glass and electronics production wastes

Barium

Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits

E. coli: Bacteria from human and animal fecal waste

Beryllium

Discharge from metal refineries and coal-burning factories; discharge from electrical, aerospace, and defense industries

HAA5s: Haloacetic acids.

Cadmium

LRAA: Locational Running Annual Average

Corrosion of galvanized pipes; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from metal refineries; runoff from waste batteries and paints

Chlorate

By-product of treating drinking water with chlorine dioxide

Chlorine

Required disinfectant added during treatment process to eliminate bacteria

Chlorite

By-product of treating drinking water with chlorine dioxide

Chromium

Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits

Conductivity

Physical property of water

Copper

Natural\industrial deposits, plumbing, wood preservatives

Corrosivity

Physical property of water that occurs when water reacts with metal

Ethylbenzene

Discharge from petroleum refineries

Fecal Coliforms

Human and animal waste

Fluoride

Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from aluminum and fertilizer factories

Gross Alpha

Erosion of natural deposits

Gross Beta

Decay of natural and man-made deposits

HAA5s

By-product of drinking water chlorination

Hardness

Measurement of naturally occurring hardness metals

Iron

Naturally occurring in the environment

ND: Analyte was not detected or was below the method detection limit of the laboratory’s instrumentation.

Lead

Natural\industrial deposits, plumbing solder, brass alloy in faucets

Manganese

Naturally occurring in the environment

NTUs: Nephelometric Turbidity Units; a measure of turbidity.

Orthophosphate (as P)

Corrosion inhibitor added during treatment process

Radium 226/228

Erosion of natural deposits

Selenium

Discharge from petroleum refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines

Sodium

Naturally occurring in the environment

Styrene

Discharge from rubber and plastic factories; leaching from landfills

Thallium

Leaching from ore-processing sites; discharge from electronics, glass, and drug factories

Toluene

Discharge from petroleum factories

ppb: One part per billion, also referred to as μg/L (for example, one minute in 2,000 years).

Total Coliforms

Naturally present in the environment

TTHMs: Total Trihalomethanes

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Run-off from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits

TTHMs

By-product of drinking water chlorination

Vinyl Chloride

Leaching from PVC pipes; discharge from plastic factories

Xylene

Discharge from petroleum factories; discharge from chemical factory

Zinc

Naturally occurring in the environment

1,2-dichlorobenzene

Discharge from industrial chemical factories

Combined Radium: Radium 226 + Radium 228

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLG as feasible using the best available treatment technology.

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL): The highest level of a disinfection allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. mg/L: Milligrams per liter, also referred to as parts per million (for example, one minute in two years).

P/A: Present or Absent pCi/L: Picocuries per liter is a measure of the radioactivity in water. ppm: One part per million, also referred to as mg/L, (for example, one minute in two years).

Treatment Technique (TT): A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water. μg/L: Micrograms per liter, also referred to as parts per billion (for example, one minute in 2,000 years). μmhos/cm: Micromhos per centimeter; a measure of conductivity.

1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Discharge from textile finishing factories

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Source Water Assessment As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity.

Water from surface sources is treated to make it drinkable while groundwater may or may not require any treatment.

Contaminants in source water may be naturally occurring substances, or may come from: • Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife; • Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming; • Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and residential uses; • Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban stormwater runoff, and septic systems; and • Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. The assessment determined that Crystal Spring, Falling Creek and Carvins Cove are susceptible to contamination based on land use activities and potential types of contaminants in these areas. This designation does not mean that the source water has been impacted or that it will be impacted. It does mean that if there is a release of pollutants in the assessment area, the source water could be impacted.

The VDH also completed a source water assessment of Spring Hollow Reservoir’s water source, the Roanoke River. This assessment determined that the Roanoke River may be susceptible to contamination because it is surface water exposed to a wide array of contaminants at varying concentrations. Also, changing hydrologic, hydraulic and atmospheric conditions promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern.

The assessment also determined that the Water Authority’s wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

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Backflow Prevention & Cross-Connection Identification A plumbing cross-connection is an actual or potential connection between the public water supply and any source of contamination or pollutant. Without proper plumbing precautions, contaminated substances could backflow into the public system and your drinking water supply through this connection.

Water travelling through the Authority’s distribution system is pressurized. If the water system loses pressure, such as during a water main break, system maintenance or fire hydrant usage/testing, the flow of the water may be reversed. If a customer has made a cross-connection with hazardous substances or even non potable water, these substances can backflow into the public water system and create a risk to public health.

What You Can Do To Protect Your Drinking Water Help us identify potential locations where backflow can occur. You can complete a simple Backflow Prevention Survey on-line at www. westernvawater.org.

If necessary, contact the Water Authority to schedule a free assessment with our staff to assist you in finding and removing any potential cross-connection sources.

Remove any cross-connections you find or install backflow prevention devices (available at hardware stores) where needed. A Water Authority representative is available to assist you with this process if needed.

If you have a backflow prevention device installed by a certified plumber, have it tested annually or after any repairs.

Questions about backflow prevention? email us at backflow@westernvawater.org call us at 540.853.5700

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring - UCMR4 The following substances were tested in Western Virginia Water Authority sources during calendar year 2019 as part of the unregulated contaminants monitoring.

Unregulated contaminants are those for which EPA has not established drinking water standards. Unregulated contaminant monitoring helps EPA to determine where certain contaminants occur and whether the Agency should consider regulating those contaminants in the future.

Parameter

Units

Carvins Cove

Spring Hollow

Crystal Spring

Falling Creek

Garden City Well 2

LaBellevue Well 7

Longridge Well 2

Muse Spring

North Lakes

Starkey Well 1

Starkey Well 2

City of Salem

Germanium

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Manganese

ppb

ND

0.439

ND

8.63

ND

ND

16.7

ND

4.6

40.8

45.8

0.82-2.8

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Chlorpyrifos

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Dimethipin

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Ethoprop

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Oxyfluorfen

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Profenofos

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Tebuconazole

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Permethrin, cis & trans

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Tribufos

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Butylated hydroxyanisole

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

o-Toluidine

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Quinoline

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

0.021

1-Butanol

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

2-Methoxyethanol

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

2-Propen-1-ol

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Bromochloroacetic acid

ppb

ND-2.02

Bromodichloroacetic acid

ppb

ND - 1.99

Chlorodibromoacetic acid

ppb

ND - 0.348

Dibromoacetic acid

ppb

ND

Dichloroacetic acid

ppb

2.56 - 28.5

Monobromoacetic acid

ppb

ND

Monochloroacetic acid

ppb

ND - 3.14

Tribromoacetic acid

ppb

ND

Trichloroacetic acid

ppb

2.85 - 27.3

Bromide (Raw) TOC (Raw)

ppb

ND

ppb

ND - 2510

Microcystins Anatoxin -a

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Cylindrospermopsin

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Total Microcystins and Nodularins

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

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Drinking Water Systems in the Roanoke Valley The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes four surface water sources and multiple springs and wells as drinking water sources in the Roanoke Valley to serve customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt. Having an abundant supply of water helps protect against drought or other emergencies.

Combined, the water treatment facilities for these sources can treat over 56-million gallons of water a day; however, current production averages about 19-million gallons per day.

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Roanoke Systems

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Carvins Cove Reservoir & Treatment Facility Carvins Cove Reservoir is situated within Carvins Cove Natural Reserve, a 12,672-acre watershed near Hollins University in Botetourt County.

The land in the reserve above the 1,200-foot contour is owned and managed by the City of Roanoke. The land below this elevation, and the reservoir, are owned and operated by the Western Virginia Water Authority. In addition to receiving water from the watershed, the reservoir is fed from two underground tunnels that carry overflow from Tinker and Catawba Creeks. This surface water source covers 630 acres and stores 6.42-billion gallons of water at full pond.

How is it treated? Carvins Cove Water Treatment Facility has the capacity to treat 24-million gallons of water from the reservoir every day. Annual production averaged 6.9-million gallons per day. The water is first oxygenated and treated with sodium permanganate to oxidize dissolved organic matter, iron and manganese. Water is aerated to remove unwanted dissolved gases and to oxidize dissolved metals, which reduces any unpleasant tastes and odors. Flash mixing of chemicals is the next step, where ferric sulfate is added to coagulate suspended particles. Water then flows into settling basins where the particles clump together, become heavy and settle to the bottom of the basins. Next, the water is filtered through sand and anthracite and disinfected with chlorine. Fluoride is added to promote strong teeth.

Sodium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH and reduce corrosivity, and orthophosphate is added to control corrosion in pipes.

Where does it serve? A large part of the northeastern and northwestern parts of the city, and the majority of the southeastern part of the city, to Reserve Avenue, are served by Carvins Cove. Portions of northern and northeastern Roanoke County are also served by the Carvins Cove water source. Water from Carvins Cove also serves the Botetourt area around Exit 150 to Tinkerview and Greenfield.

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the Maxium Contaminant Levels (MCLs). The Virginia Department of Health advised that the MCL for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) was exceeded because the running annual average exceeded the MCL at one monitoring location in the Etzler Road area of Botetourt. Disinfectants used in the treatment of drinking water react with naturally occurring organic matter present in the water to form trihalomethanes. These results are averaged with the previous three quarters of results to determine the system’s running annual average at each sampling location. Because the running annual average exceeded the 80 ppb MCL at the sampling location, the Authority was deemed out of compliance with TTHM standards. Operation changes included adding a mechnical mixing system and increased monitoring. Water treated at the Carvins Cove Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

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Carvins Cove Natural Reserve www.westernvawater.org/carvinscove

Carvins Cove Natural Reserve, the second largest municipal park in the United States, offers outdoor recreation opportunities, including boating, fishing, hiking, paddleboarding and nature viewing. You can bring your own boat or rent kayaks and jon boats at the reservoir.

Visitors to the Natural Reserve are charged $7 per vehicle for daily use or annual passes are available for $50. Payment drop boxes are located at the Bennett Springs, Hollins Trailhead and Timberview parking lots, or passes can be purchased from the Security Office on Reservoir Road. For more information, call the Natural Reserve at 540.362.1757.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Carvins Cove Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.05

Substance Regulated Substances

Roanoke Systems

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.39 - 0.76) 0.61

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(1.43 - 2.0) 1.73

NTU

TT

Percent of samples that met treatment requirement of 0.3 NTU

no

maximum 0.23/ 100%

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

0.7

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.35

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Turbidity Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

(0.01 - 0.02) 0.01

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.2 - 1.4) 1.3

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

ND

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (7 - 38) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

yes

(15 - 80) site range (24 - 81) LRAA range

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

3

E.coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(20 - 36) 26

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

96.7

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

n/a

(26 - 42) 33

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.03) 0.023

0.05

n/a

(0.008 - 0.036) 0.02

n/a

(0.24 - 0.29) 0.27

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.4 - 7.7) 7.6

n/a

6.0

n/a

ND

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Crystal Spring Treatment Facility Crystal Spring flows at the base of Mill Mountain in the southern part of the city.

Annual production from this groundwater source was 4.8-million gallons of water a day.

How is it treated ? The water is filtered in the Crystal Spring Ultrafiltration Treatment Facility which filters out all particles larger than 0.01 micron. One micron is one thousandth of a millimeter. Filtered water is treated with chlorine and fluoride and pumped to water customers from the Crystal Spring Pumping Station.

Where does it serve? Crystal Spring serves portions of southwest Roanoke County and the southwestern part of the city. With the capacity to filter five-million gallons of water a day, Crystal Spring Treatment Facility is the largest ultrafiltration plant in western Virginia.

Tests for volatile organics (VOCs), pesticides and synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water.

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs.

Substance

Total Coliforms E. coli

12

Units P/A P/A

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Crystal Spring Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.04

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

0.0011

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.6 - 0.74) 0.7

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.8

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

N/A

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.01 - 0.01) 0.01

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

1.0

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

7.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.7

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

0.8

no

N/A

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.1 -1.1) 1.1

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (7 - 38) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(15 - 80) site range (24 - 81) LRAA range 118

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Water treated at the Crystal Spring Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

250

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(133 - 137) 137

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

ND

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

n/a

ND

no

(7.6 - 7.8) 7.7

n/a

3.7

n/a

ND

Violation

Distribution System

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

1

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Falling Creek Reservoir is a surface water source located in Bedford County east of Vinton. It covers 21 acres and stores 85-million gallons of water at full pond.

It is fed by Beaverdam Creek Reservoir, which covers 69 acres and stores 435-million gallons of water at full pond.

How is it treated? The treatment process of this water source is similar to that of Spring Hollow Treatment Facility. The treatment capacity is 1.5-million gallons a day. Sodium hydroxide is added for pH adjustment and zinc ortho-phosphate is used as a corrosion inhibitor.

Where does it serve? Falling Creek Water Treatment Facility serves King Street northeast to Route 460, along Route 24 to 13th Street and east on Route 24 to Stewartsville. Falling Creek was not utilized during 2020. Residents in the Falling Creek service area received water from the Carvins Cove system.

Roanoke Systems

Falling Creek & Beaverdam Creek Reservoirs Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Falling Creek Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.01

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

0.0002

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.05

Thallium

ppm

0.0005

0.002

no

0.00005

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

0.8

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.03 - 0.24) 0.08

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

- 0.83

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

0.11

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

-0.58

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs.

Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(0.9 - 1.9) 1.2

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (7 - 38) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(15 - 80) site range (24 - 81) LRAA range (12 - 20) 18

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Total Coliforms

P/A

0 0

E. coli

P/A

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

67.1

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(16 - 18) 17

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.04) 0.02

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.01

n/a

(0.1 - 0.29) 0.19

no

(7.1 - 8.6) 7.9

n/a

8.92

n/a

0.13

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Distribution System

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

13

Muse Spring Treatment Facility The Muse Spring Water Treatment Facility (WTF), located at the site of Muse Spring on Riverland Road, treats raw water from Muse Spring and Garden City Well No. 3. This facility has the capacity to treat 2-million gallons per day.

How is it treated? The water is filtered in the Muse Spring Ultrafiltration Treatment Facility which filters out all particles larger than 0.01 micron. One micron is one thousandth of a millimeter. Filtered water is treated with chlorine, fluoride and orthophosphate and pumped to water customers from the Muse Spring Pumping Station.

Where does it serve? Muse Spring ties directly into the existing Authority distribution system and will help serve the eastern portion of the Carvins Cove service area southeast of downtown.

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Muse Spring Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Muse Spring WTf Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

NA

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.01 - 0.25) 0.05

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

pCi/L

0

5

no

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 10 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.5 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 10 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.223 ppm

(0.5 - 0.7) 0.6

Radioactive Contaminants

Radium 228 Combined Radium Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

NA

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.0 - 1.2) 1.12

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

NA

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (7 - 38) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(15 - 80) site range (24 - 81) LRAA range

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

14

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

n/a 0.3

n/a

0.05

n/a

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated

(120 - 137) 130

n/a

(0.13 - 0.26) 0.21

no

(7.3 - 7.6) 7.5

n/a 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

n/a

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Violation

Distribution System

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

3

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

The water source for this system comes from the Roanoke River and is pumped into the Spring Hollow Reservoir, a 3.2-billion gallon side-stream storage reservoir.

Roanoke Systems

Spring Hollow Reservoir & Treatment Facility Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Spring Hollow Data (range) average

Regulated Substances

How is it treated? Water is first oxygenated in the reservoir, then the water is withdrawn from the reservoir and treated with sodium hypochlorite and sodium permangante to oxidize dissolved organic matter, iron and manganese. Treatment at the Spring Hollow Treatment Facility includes upflow clarification, filtration, chlorine disinfection and fluoridation. Orthophosphate is added to control corrosion in pipes. The Spring Hollow Water Treatment Facility currently has the capacity to treat 18-million gallons of water a day and can be expanded to 36-million gallons a day. Treated water is stored in a two-million gallon storage tank then pumped through the north and south transmission lines to the distribution system.

Annual production averaged 5.1-million gallons a day. During an emergency, standby wells may be used to supplement the source water.

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.03

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.7 - 0.77) 0.73

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.4

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(1.08 - 1.37) 1.23

Turbidity

NTU

TT

Percent of samples that met treatment requirement of 0.3 NTU

no

maxium 0.24/ 100%

0.24

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

Radium 228

2.4 0.36

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products

Where does it serve? Spring Hollow supplies water to various neighborhoods in Roanoke County and Franklin County through the southern transmission lines. The northern transmission lines run along I-81 and serve the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County.

Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

(ND - 0.21) 0.07

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.18 - 1.3) 1.24

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

ND

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (7 - 38) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(15 - 80) site range (24 - 81) LRAA range

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Spring Hollow Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(124 - 139) 132

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

294

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(150 - 161) 156

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

0.05

n/a

ND

n/a

(0.23 - 0.34) 0.25

no

(7.6 - 7.8) 7.6

n/a

4.8

n/a

ND

Violation

Distribution System

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

1

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

1

E. coli

P/A

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

15

Community Well Systems The Authority maintains well systems that serve the community of Martin Creek and over 20 other wells in the Roanoke area. While many of these wells are inactive, they can offer an additional supply of water if needed.

Wells* represent those in service in 2020 including Garden City #2, LaBellevue 7, Muse Spring Well, North Lakes 6, and Starkey 3. Data presented as (range) average.

Units

Ideal Goals EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Martin Creek

Wells*

Antimony

ppm

0.006

0.006

(ND - 0.00013) 0.00002

(ND - 0.0001) 0.00001

Arsenic

ppm

0

0.01

(ND - 0.00011) 0.00002

(ND - 0.0002) 0.00006

Barium

ppm

2

2

(0.002 - 0.02) 0.009

(0.036 - 0.14) 0.08

Beryllium

ppm

0.004

0.004

(ND - 0.00006) 0.00002

(ND 0.0003) 0.00006

Cadmium

ppm

0.005

0.005

(ND - 0.00005) 0.00002

(ND - 0.0001) 0.00001

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

(0.00023 - 0.00084) 0.00053

(ND - 0.0018) 0.00096

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

(0.2 - 1.6) 0.7

(0.1 - 0.3) 0.2

Selenium

ppm

0.05

0.05

ND

(ND - 0.00135) 0.00034

Thallium

ppm

0.0005

0.002

(ND - 0.00009) 0.00005

(ND - 0.00011) 0.00002)

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

(ND - 0.47) 0.25

(0.5 - 0.9) 0.7

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

(0.08 - 0.21) 0.12

(ND - 0.2) 0.1

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

(0.7 - 3.2) 2.1

(1.2 - 2.10) 1.64

Substance Regulated Substances

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to meet all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

Radioactive Contaminants

Martin Creek System

Lead and Copper Testing

Seven wells supply this groundwater source, which is disinfected with chlorine prior to distribution. Water is distributed throughout the community by two storage tanks and distribution piping consisting of 8-inch, 6-inch and 4-inch pipe. The total source/pump capacity is equal to 76,000 gallons per day. Current usage is approximately 22,100 gallons per day. This system supplies water to the Forest Edge and Carriage Hills areas.

According to results of the chemical analyses for Metals based on a sample collected in 2019, the sodium in the treated water in wells 1, 2 and 10 had sodium ranging from 24.1 - 7 ppm. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet.

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

(-1.0 - 7.3) 2.8

(2.2 - 4.5) 2.94

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

(-0.1 - 1.9) 0.7

(ND - 1.9) 0.6

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

(ND - 2.5) 1.3

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3.2 ppb

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

AL = 1.3

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.212 ppm

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.3 ppm

4

(0.95 - 1.76) 1.41

(0.9 - 1.5) 1.1

Lead

Copper

1.3 ppm

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5

ppb

0

60

5.6

TTHM

ppb

0

80

21.6

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

0

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

0

0

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms

E. coli

P/A

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

(110 - 210) 182

(112-170) 139

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

(278 - 859) 514

(270-380) 336

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

(124 - 380) 232

(136-190) 170

Iron

ppm

0.3

(ND - 0.058) 0.02

(ND - 0.068) 0.02

0.05

(0.0003 - 0.042) 0.015

(ND-0.002) 0.0004

ND

ND

6.5 - 8.5

(6.9 - 7.5) 7.2

(7.5-7.9) 7.7

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

16

ppm

ppm

unregulated unregulated 5

(11.7 - 27) 19.8

(2.8 - 8.0) 5.2

(0.02 - 0.46) 0.15

(0.003 - 0.008) 0.006

The Western Virginia Water Authority contracts with the City of Salem to purchase water to supply Robin Hood Park and other areas around West Main Street and Riverside Drive in Roanoke County. The City of Salem’s water source is the Roanoke River and three ground water wells.

If you have any questions about this data, please contact the City of Salem Water Department at 375-3029. If you want to learn more about this source, please attend any of the regularly scheduled Salem City Council meetings. They are held on the second and fourth Monday of each month in council chambers.

The City of Salem Water Department routinely monitors for contaminants in the drinking water mandated by Federal and State laws. The following table shows the results of monitoring for the period of January 1st to December 31st, 2020 or the most recent monitoring period. The City of Salem Water Department had no violations during this time period.

The Virginia Department of Health has completed a source water assessment for Salem’s waterworks system. This assessment provides information on possible sources of contamination to our source water. As determined by the source water assessment, the possibility of contamination to our water source (Roanoke River) is high. This is due to the fact that surface water is exposed to an inconsistent array of contaminants at varying concentrations due to changing hydrologic, hydraulic and atmospheric conditions with land use activities of concern in the assessment area.

To view a copy of this water assessment, please contact the City of Salem Water Department office at 540-375-3029.

Microbiological Substances

Units

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Roanoke Systems

City of Salem Source City of Salem Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.044

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.27 - 0.79)

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.43

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

1.0

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.03 - 0.12)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

± 0.7 - 0.51

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

± 3.0 - 0.69

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

± 0.6 - 0.49

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 32 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.1 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 32 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.07 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.03 - 2.0)

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(12.0 - 45.8) LRAA 31

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(12.9 -72.4) LRAA 45

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(122 - 182)

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(121 - 240)

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.35 - 7.96)

n/a

4.87

n/a

< 0.01

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

Level Detected in Salem 0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Source Water Testing - this data does not apply to treated water Cryptosporidium

Oocysts per 1L

0

99% removal by filtration plus addition as required under the LT2ESWTR

no

(0.098 - 0.103)

Giardia

Cysts per 1L

0

99% removal or inactivation

no

1.0 - 2.0

17

Botetourt County Water Systems

18

On July 1, 2015, Botetourt County consolidated its utility system with the Western Virginia Water Authority. This joinder allowed for the expansion of the Carvins Cove service area to include customers in the former Greenfield and Tinkerview Garden well service areas.

The water quality of Carvins Cove, particularly in terms of the mineral content, is more beneficial to meeting the needs of industries and residents. Other customers in the Botetourt service area receive water from community wells.

Greenfield and Tinkerview Garden Areas

Customers in Greenfield and along the southern end of US Route 220 to the I-81 exit 150 interchange receive water from the treatment plant that treats surface water from Carvins Cove Reservoir.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Carvins Cove Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.05

Substance Regulated Substances

ppm

4

4

no

(0.39 - 0.76) 0.61

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(1.43 - 2.0) 1.73

NTU

TT

Percent of samples that met treatment requirement of 0.3 NTU

no

maximum 0.23/ 100%

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

0.7

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.35

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Turbidity

Botetourt County Systems

Fluoride Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

(0.01 - 0.02) 0.01

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.2 - 1.4) 1.3

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

ND

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (7-38) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

yes

(15 - 80) site range (24 - 81) LRAA range

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

3

E.coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(20 - 36) 26

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

96.7

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

n/a

(26 - 42) 33

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.03) 0.023

0.05

n/a

(0.008 - 0.036) 0.02

n/a

(0.24 - 0.29) 0.27

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.4 - 7.7) 7.6

n/a

6.0

n/a

ND

19

Botetourt Well Systems The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that Botetourt well systems meet all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

Dal-Nita Hills

Water from Dal-Nita Hills well comes from a groundwater well and is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. According to results of the chemical analyses for metals, the sodium in the treated water is 66.7 ppm. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. A source water assessment for the Dal-Nita Hills well has been completed by the Virginia Department of Health. The assessment determined that the well may be susceptible to contamination because it is located in an area that promotes migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Eagle Rock

Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from two wells. Disinfection treatment (by chlorination) is provided for both wells prior to discharge to the storage tank. Water is distributed from the storage tank by gravity.

Five samples were tested for Lead in 2019. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 7.91 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.175 ppm.

Glen Wilton

Your drinking water is groundwater and can be obtained from three wells. All wells are treated for iron and manganese removal by chemical precipitation and filtration and chlorine for disinfection. Wells 1 and 2 have higher levels of iron and manganese and these wells are normally not used. Well 3 is the primary source. Water is pumped from the treatment building to the storage tank and distribution piping.

Five samples were tested for Lead in 2019. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 2.92 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.096 ppm. According to results of the chemical analyses for Metals, the sodium in the treated water is 23.1 ppm. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet.

20

Griffith Park

Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is pumped from the well to a metal storage tank behind the well house.

A booster pump in the well house draws water from the tank and sends it to a pressure tank (also in the well house) and then throughout the community. Treatment is provided for iron and manganese. A small pump in the well house feeds a blend of orthophosphate and polyphosphate to sequester iron and manganese. Chlorine feed equipment was installed to continuously disinfect the water.

Manganese levels (0.356 - 0.368 ppm) and Iron levels (1.9 -2.23 ppm)are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm for Manganese and 0.3 ppm for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

Five samples were tested for Lead in 2019. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 2.5 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.629 ppm.

Keswick Farms

Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Walnut Manor

Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Dal-Nita Hills Wells

Eagle Rock Wells

Antimony

ppm

0.006

0.006

ND

Arsenic

ppm

0

0.01

ND

Substance

Glen Wilton Wells

Griffith Park Wells

Keswick Farm Wells

Walnut Manor Wells

0.00005

ND

ND

0.00008

ND

0.00017

0.00011

ND

ND

ND

Regulated Substances

Barium

ppm

2

2

0.042

0.183

0.153

0.0785

0.135

0.12

Beryllium

ppm

0.004

0.004

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Cadmium

ppm

0.005

0.005

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

ND

0.00025

0.00057

ND

0.0013

0.001

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

0.087

0.148

0.12

0.134

0.44

2.3

Selenium

ppm

0.05

0.05

ND

0.00102

ND

ND

ND

ND

ppm

0.0005

0.002

ND

0.00003

0.00001

ND

0.00002

ND

ppm

10

10

3.1

ND

ND

ND

2.2

0.3

TT

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

0.127

0.116

0.109

(2.39 - 10.8)

0.149

0.099

1,2-dichlorobenzene

ppb

5

ND

ND

ND

0.053

ND

ND

Ethylbenzene

ppb

700

ND

ND

ND

ND

(ND - 2.7) 1.63

ND

Styrene

ppb

100

ND

ND

ND

ND

(ND - 0.5) 1.67

ND

Total Xylene

ppb

10,000

ND

ND

ND

ND

(ND - 21.9) 13.18

ND

1.1

0.7

0.6

< 0.27

0.36

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

1.8

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

5.1

2.1

< 0.61

1.7

1.2

5.7

1.9

0.62

< 0.4

1.3

< 0.6

1.4

1.72

0.7

1.9

< 0.6

1.76

<1.0

1.3

0.0051

0.021

Radium 228 Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

3.7

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

<1.0

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

See page 20 Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0.002

4

(1.0 - 1.2) 1.1

(0.95-1.3) 1.1

(0.9 - 1.3) 1.2

(0.8 - 1.0) 0.9

(0.9 - 1.15) 1.1

(0.9 - 1.2) 1.1

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5

ppb

0

60

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

TTHM

ppb

0

80

7.0

2.1

1.6

6.7

4.2

8.0

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

0

0

0

0

0

0

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms

E. coli

P/A

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

459

180

140

144

336

320

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

1120

366

334

488

772

703

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

464

191

126

228

380

400

Iron

ppm

0.3

ND

0.035

(ND - 0.065) 0.01

(0.9 - 1.1) 1.0

ND

ND

Manganese

ppm

0.05

ND

0.003

0.002

(0.356 - 0.368)

0.0003

ND

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

ND

ND

ND

(1.3 - 1.6) 1.4

0.14

ND

7.01

7.57

7.7

6.75

7.13

7.39

66.7

8.8

23.1

17.7

11.8

5.7

0.008

0.02

0.002

0.008

0.02

0.04

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Botetourt County Systems

Thallium Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Water Main

Dillards Hill Water System

StarOverLake

Streets

Frederick Acres

Striper's Landing

Alton Park Water System

Hillcrest Water System

The Retreat Water System

Burnt Chimney Rd Water System

Ridgecrest Water System

Timberlake Crossing Water System

Cherokee Hills Water System

Westlake Area Water System

Walnut Run Water System

Compass Cove Water System

Spring Hollow

Water's Edge Water System Smith Mountain Lake

Frederick Acres

Bl ue

wy a TW

nH

wy

Sc ru

gg sR

d

Smith Mountain Lake

St

z Rd Wi rt

TOWN OF ROCKY MOUNT 0.5

1 Miles

Old Franklin Tpke

uth So n St i Ma

´

e Av

Cherokee Hills

Vi rg il H

Go o

St klin Fran

Virgil H Goode Hwy

FRANKLIN COUNTY

wy

0

ll Pe

de H

Hillcrest

Ridge Crest

Fr an kli n

FLOYD COUNTY

Alton Park

r oke Bo

to ng shi

Rd

Hendricks Store Rd

ly H

wy Floyd H

TOWN OF BOONES MILL

M on et a

d

BEDFORD COUNTY

Ear

Be nt

yR rd Ha

Franklin Rd

ROANOKE COUNTY

al Jub

M ou Ri nt dg ai n e Pk Rd y

CITY OF ROANOKE

e d Ja y R l le Va

Electric Rd

Spring Hollow

Philpott Reservoir

PATRICK COUNTY

Fi gs b Rd oro

Virginia Ave

22

Fai ry Lak ston eD e Fai ry r Pa r stone kH wy

0

0.25

HENRY COUNTY

0.5 Miles

´

R tham Cha

C d

s nd la d l a R

PITTSYLVANIA COUNTY

Drinking Water Systems in Franklin County

0 0.2 0.4 Miles

´

Mo ne ta R

d

Walnut Run rdy Ha

The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes surface water and well water sources to provide customers in the Franklin County service area with drinking water and fire protection. Information on each of those sources can be found on the following pages. For information on the water supply serving the U.S. Route 220 area, please see page 15 (Spring Hollow Water Supply) of this publication.

Rd

ks ric nd He

Timberlake Crossing

StarOverLake

St e or Rd SML Water Treatment Facility

3 Q

ford Rad c h Rd r Chu

Westlake Area Water System ton Wa shing Booke r T

Hwy

Sc ru

Burnt Chimney Rd Water System

gg sR

d

Striper's Landing

Compass Cove

Dillards Hill Water System Water's Edge

23

Franklin County Systems

The Retreat Water System

Smith Mountain Lake Water Treatment Facility Westlake Area Water System The Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) has a successful working relationship with the Bedford Regional Water Authority (BRWA) to provide treated drinking water from the Smith Mountain Lake Water Treatment Plant to customers in the Westlake Area Water System area. This facility, which opened in May 2017, was designed to meet both utilities’ joint water needs through the year 2060 as recommended by the Regional Long Range Water Supply Plan.

How is it treated? Water from Smith Mountain Lake is screened through 500 micron woven mesh stainless steel strainers to remove fine silt and then pumped to the treatment facility. The membrane plant has 216 modules that each have 10,000 membrane filter strands to provide the unique water treatment capability. The membranes can filter out particles larger than 0.02 microns. Ferric sulfate and permanganate is added as a coagulation. After filtration, the water is treated with sodium hypochlorite, a required disinfectant to eliminate bacteria. The finished water in the distribution system is re-chlorinated at The Boardwalk, The Waterfront Section 2-9 subdivisions and at Burnt Chimney for continuous chlorination.

Where does it serve? Water from this treatment plant serves customers in Bedford County and Franklin County. As the water flows through pipes under Hales Ford Bridge, it enters the Westlake Area Water System service area. Customers in the Westlake Commercial District, Boardwalk, Chestnut Creek, Deer Creek, Hales Point, Lakewood Forest, Long Island, Twin Cove, Waterfront, Waverly, Weatherwood and Windmere Point communities, along Scruggs Road and along Route 122 to just past Wirtz Road are served by the Westlake Area Public Water System.

The Western Virginia Water Authority and Bedford Regional Water Authority are pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

A source water assessment for the Westlake Area systems has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years. The assessment determined that this source might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067244

24

Smith Mountain Lake

Water Treatment Facility

working together to provide the region’s drinking water

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Data Collected at the SML Water Treatment Facility

Data Collected in the Westlake Area Water System

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.03

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.6 - 0.96) 0.8

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.3

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.05 - 0.18) 0.05

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

0.28

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

n/a

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.58

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 15 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3.5 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 15 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.372 ppm

4

no

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

(0.09 - 1.71) 1.7

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

LRAA ( 33 - 42) Site Range (9.3 - 67)

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

LRAA (52 - 57) Site Range (37 - 69.7)

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

0

Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(65- 116) 87

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

215

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm ppm ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

(58 - 109 )87

n/a

(0 - 0.4) 0.01

0.05

n/a

(0 - 0.005) 0.02

n/a

<0.05

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.2 - 8.1) 7.6

n/a

8.64

n/a

ND

25

Franklin County Systems

Manganese Orthophosphate as P

n/a 0.3

Alton Park Water System The Alton Park Water System is served by two groundwater wells and related storage facility. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Alton Park System Data (range) average

Arsenic

ppm

0

0.01

no

0.00013

Substance Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.011

Cadmium

ppm

0.005

0.005

no

0.00014

0.1

Chromium

ppm

Ethylbenzene

ppb

0.1

no

0.00197

700

no

5.5

Fluoride

ppm

Thalium

ppm

4

4

no

0.096

0.0005

0.002

no

0.00002

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.12

Turbidity

NTU

TT

Xylene

ppb

0.3

no

0.13

10,000

no

13.7 3.1

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

4.7

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.23

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.36

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.59

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.4 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.134 ppm

4

no

n/a

Lead and Copper Testing

PWSID# 5067020

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

n/a

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

n/a

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Microbiological Substances

26

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

96

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

192

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

90

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.0006

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

n/a

ND

no

7.28

6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

n/a

2

n/a

0.525

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Burnt Chimney Water System In 2018, the Authority combined four existing waterworks (Boxwood Green, Fox Chase, Royal Estates and Dam Shores) to form the Burnt Chimney Water System to serve these communities.

The system consists of five drilled groundwater wells and related storage facilities.

Greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water. Soda ash is used for pH adjustment and chlorine is used for disinfection of the water. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

PWSID# 5067042

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Burnt Chimney System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.019

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

0.0011

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

ND

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.4

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

n/a

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.42 - 19.8) 2.18 0.53

Regulated Substances

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2.4

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.45

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.74

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.19

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 11 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 5.0 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 11 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.74 ppm

4

no

(0.89 - 1.2) 1.02

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

1.1

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2.8

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(66 - 94) 83

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(33 - 62) 41

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.021

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

ND

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

ND

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.1 - 7.8) 7.6

n/a

18

n/a

0.16

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Franklin County Systems

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Data presented as (range) average.

Microbiological Substances

Units

Substance

27

Cherokee Hills Water System The Cherokee Hills community’s waterworks consists of two drilled wells and a storage tank.

Treatment included sequestration for iron and manganese and chlorination. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

The level of Iron detected (1.26 ppm) is above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.3 ppm for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of iron at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067070

Microbiological Substances

28

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Cherokee Hills System Data (range) average

Antimony

ppm

0.006

0.006

no

0.0005

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.0131

Substance Regulated Substances

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.09

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.084

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2.17

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

4.2

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

7.5

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.4

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2.8

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

4.2

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3.2 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.444 ppm

4

no

(ND - 2.18) 0.69

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

5.6

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

44.1

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

159

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

36.5

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

1.26

0.05

n/a

0.0296

n/a

ND

no

5.75

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

n/a

13.9

n/a

0.037

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Compass Cove Water System This water system supplies water to the Compass Cove and Sunset Point Subdivisions.

The waterworks consists of three drilled wells and a storage tank. Treatment includes iron and manganese removal.The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

There is no State or Federal MCL for sodium.

Monitoring is required to provide information to consumers and health officials that are concerned about sodium intake due to dietary restrictions.

The sodium level in the water was measured at 39.4 ppm in 2018. This is more than the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm, established for people on a “strict” sodium intake diet.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067083

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Compass Cove System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.0463

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.07

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

1.8

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

13.3

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.5

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.5

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

3.3

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 6.9 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.079 ppm

4

no

(0.7 - 1.08) 0.92

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

1.05

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

7.38

n/a

159

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

89.4

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

0.05

n/a

ND

n/a

ND

no

(7.5 - 7.8) 7.6

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

39.4

n/a

0.214

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Franklin County Systems

Microbiological Substances

Units

Substance

29

Dillards Hill Water System The Dillards Hill Water System consists of nine drilled wells (Contentment Island wells 1, 2, 3 and 4, Highland Lake well 2, Kennedy Shores wells 1 and 2 and Lands End Wells 1 and 2) and related storage facility. Pre-treatment of the water includes the addition of soda ash, potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite solutions, and greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water.

There is no State or Federal MCL for sodium.

Monitoring is required to provide information to consumers and health officials that are concerned about sodium intake due to dietary restrictions. The sodium level in the water was measured at 38 ppm in 2020. This is more than the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm, established for people on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash.

The Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) has worked with the Virginia Department of Health (VDH) to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of VDH Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067415

Microbiological Substances

30

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Dillard’s Hill System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.02

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.1

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.3

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

(1.3 - 5.5)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

(3.6 - 9.3)

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

0.57

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

(0.89 - 1.3)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

(1.46 - 2.6)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 21 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 21 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.84 ppm

4

no

(1.04 - 1.36) 1.2

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

3.3

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

119

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

270

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

53

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

ND

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

ND

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

no

(7.3 - 7.8) 7.6

n/a

38

n/a

0.18

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Frederick Acres Water System A groundwater well provides water for the Frederick Acres community. A 10,000-gallon storage tank and a sodium hypochlorite feed system for disinfection was added in 2019.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

A source water assessment for Frederick Acres has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Manganese (0.0567 ppm) is above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm for Manganese.

There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Frederick Acres System Data (range) average

Antimony

ppm

0.006

0.006

no

0.0007

Arsenic

ppm

0

0.01

no

0.001

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.0603

Regulated Substances

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.08

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

TT

Turbidity

NTU

Ethylbenzene

ppb

0.3

no

2.51

700

no

(ND - 2.19)

Vinyl Chloride Total Xylene

ppb

200

no

(ND-0.0348)

ppb

10,000

no

(ND - 21.4)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

1.2 6.9

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.22

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.42

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 9.7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.219 ppm

4

no

(0.35 - 1.1) 0.56

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2.2

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

55.7

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

47.3

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.252

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.0567

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

ND

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

6.86

n/a

3.65

n/a

0.0171

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Franklin County Systems

PWSID# #5067160

Units

Substance

31

The Retreat Water System In 2018, the Authority interconnected the Retreat’s distribution system to provide potable water to Cedar Ridge, Lake Forest, The Coves and The Retreat. Groundwater from wells located in Lake Forest and The Retreat is pumped to The Retreat where pre-treatment of the water includes the addition of potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite solutions, and greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water. Once the water is filtered and disinfected, it is introduced into the interconnected distribution system providing potable water to Cedar Ridge, Lake Forest, The Coves and The Retreat.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that the Retreat water system meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067786

Microbiological Substances

32

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

The Retreat System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.041

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.1

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

ND

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

(<2.92 - 4.8) 2.85

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

(3.24 - 6.3) 4.88

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

(0.96 - 1.6) 1.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

(0.59 - 1.12) 0.86

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

(1.36 - 2.46) 1.79

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 5.0 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.57 ppm

4

no

(0.65 - 1.0) 0.85

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

3.2

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

5.1

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

67.9

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

190

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

n/a

64

0.3

n/a

ND

0.05

n/a

ND

n/a

ND

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

no

(6.6 - 7.1) 6.8

n/a

11

n/a

0.17

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Ridgecrest Water System The Ridgecrest Water System is served by a groundwater well and related storage facility.

Treatment consists of the addition of polyphosphate for removal of iron and manganese.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

Manganese (0.22 ppm) and Iron levels (0.33 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm for Manganese and 0.3 for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese or iron at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Ridgecrest System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.012

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

ND

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

1.8

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

4.3

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

3.5

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.9

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.5

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

3.4

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = ND

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.087 ppm

4

no

N/A

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

N/A

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

N/A

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

75.1

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

190

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

84

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.33

0.05

n/a

0.22

n/a

0.76

no

7.6

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

5.4

n/a

0.056

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Franklin County Systems

PWSID# 5067785

Substance

33

StarOverLake Water System The Western Virginia Water Authority began operating Staroverlake Water System in January, 2020 and assumed ownership on October 19, 2020. The StarOverLake Water System is served by a three groundwater wells (wells 5, 7 and 8) and related storage facility.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that the StarOverLake water system meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

There is no State or Federal MCL for sodium.

Monitoring is required to provide information to consumers and health officials that are concerned about sodium intake due to dietary restrictions. The sodium level in the water was measured at 61.5 ppm in 2020. This is more than the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm, established for people on a “strict” sodium intake diet.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067359

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

34

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

StarOverLake System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.12

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

ND

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

1.5

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

ND

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

3.3

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

ND

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.2

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.8 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.0454 ppm

4

no

n/a

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

n/a

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

n/a

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

n/a

53

0.3

n/a

ND

0.05

n/a

0.0011

n/a

(0.16-0.032) 0.24

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

no

(7.1 - 7.9) 7.6

n/a

61.5

n/a

ND

Violation

Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

1

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Striper’s Landing Water System The Western Virginia Water Authority began operating the Striper’s Landing Water System on October 1, 2019 and assumed ownership on February 21, 2020. The Striper’s Landing Water System is served by five groundwater wells (wells 1, 10,11,12 and 13) and related storage facility.

Continuous chlorination treatment is used for disinfection.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067937

Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Striper’s Landing System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.036

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

ND

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

1.1 - 1.2

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

3.5

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

13.1

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.2

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.5

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.3 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.06 ppm

4

no

(0.57 - 1.12) 0.87

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

10.3

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

1.9

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

56.7

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

180

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

66

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.078

0.05

n/a

0.012

n/a

ND

no

6.8

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

6.3

n/a

0.11

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Franklin County Systems

Microbiological Substances

Substance

35

Timberlake Crossing Water System The Timberlake Crossing Water System is served by a groundwater well and related storage facility.

Treatment consists of the addition of soda ash, sodium hypochlorite and potassium permanganate for disinfection and removal of iron and manganese.

There is no State or Federal MCL for sodium.

Monitoring is required to provide information to consumers and health officials that are concerned about sodium intake due to dietary restrictions.

The sodium level in the water was measured at 23.3 ppm in 2018. This is more than the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm, established for people on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash for pH adjustment.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Timberlake Crossing System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.0626

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.12

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

0.44

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

9.2

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.05

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.49

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 5 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.1 ppm

4

no

(0.69 - 1.19) 0.96

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2.7

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

7.6

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

83.3

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

46.6

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.013

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.0021

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

ND

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.5 - 7.8) 7.6

n/a

23.3

n/a

0.048

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067951

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

36

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

1

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Walnut Run Water System Groundwater wells (Wells 1, 2 and 3) provide water for the Walnut Run community. The three drilled wells use sodium hypochlorite and soda ash for chlorine disinfection and pH adjustment.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2020.

There is no State or Federal MCL for sodium.

Monitoring is required to provide information to consumers and health officials that are concerned about sodium intake due to dietary restrictions. The sodium level in the water was measured at 48 ppm in 2020. This is more than the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm, established for people on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash for pH adjustment.

A source water assessment for Walnut Run has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Walnut Run System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.05

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.06

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2.1

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

7.1

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

1

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

3.1

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.6 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.227 ppm

4

no

(0.73 - 1.24) 0.9

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

3.39

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

12.4

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

133

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

358

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

146

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.17

0.05

n/a

0.0098

n/a

ND

no

(7.6 - 7.9) 7.6

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

48

n/a

0.14

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067957

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

37

Franklin County Systems

The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Units

Substance

Water’s Edge Water System Customers who live in The Water’s Edge community get their drinking water from four groundwater wells (Well No. 3, 4, 11 and 12) that are located throughout the Water’s Edge subdivision. Water from well 4 and 11 go to the treatment plant where three greensand filters are used to remove iron, manganese and radium from the drinking water. An orthophosphate feed system for corrosion control and a sodium hydroxide feed system for pH adjustment has been added at the treatment plant and Well 12. Well 12 is also disinfected with chlorine. No treatment is added to Well No. 3.

There is no State or Federal MCL for sodium. Monitoring is required to provide information to consumers and health officials that are concerned about sodium intake due to dietary restrictions. The sodium level in the water for entry point EP001 (32.1 ppm) and in Well 12, (24.8 pppm) was measured in 2018. This is more than the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm, established for people on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the sodium hydroxide added to the water for pH adjustment.

A source water assessment for The Water’s Edge has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health.

Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years. The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Microbiological Substances

38

Units

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Water’s Edge System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

(0.004 - 0.08) 0.04

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(ND - 0.10) 0.05

Selenium

ppm

0.05

0.05

no

(ND - 0.0035) 0.0012

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

(ND - 0.8) 0.32

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(ND - 0.8) 0.14 (-0.46 - 3) 1.27

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

(2.3 -7.2) 4.75

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

(1.4 - 1.9) 1.65

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

(4.9 - 0.94) 2.92

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 20 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.94 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 20 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.293 ppm

4

no

(0.46 - 1.67) 1.04

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2.7

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(69.3 - 200) 134

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(25.3 - 130) 92

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.024) 0.003

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(ND - 0.12) 0.004

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

(ND- 0.35) 0.2

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.1 -8.2) 7.9

n/a

(11.0 - 32.1) 22.6

n/a

(ND - 0.14) 0.07

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067961

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Weatherwood Water System Prior to being connected to the Westlake Water System (see pages 24-25) in November 2020, the Weatherwood Water System was served by four (4) groundwater wells. The four drilled wells were treated with sodium hypochlorite and soda ash for chlorine disinfection, pH adjustment, and iron and manganese sequestration.

Manganese levels (1.7 ppm) and Iron levels (0.41) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm for Manganese and 0.3 for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese or iron at these levels; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the taste impairment of beverages made with the water.

There is no State or Federal MCL for sodium. Monitoring is required to provide information to consumers and health officials that are concerned about sodium intake due to dietary restrictions. The sodium level in the water was measured at 82 ppm in 2020. This is more than the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm, established for people on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash for pH adjustment.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Weatherwood System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.036

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.2

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

3.5

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

3.4

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.69

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.94

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.63

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 8 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.21 ppm

4

no

(0.38 - 0.45) 0.42

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

6.09

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

15.8

Microbiological Substances

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

242

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

n/a

520

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

86

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.41

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

1.7

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

ND

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.7 - 7.8) 7.8

n/a

82

n/a

0.85

Data collected during calendar year 2020 or most recent testing period.

Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067959 Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

39

Franklin County Systems

A source water assessment for the Weatherwood system has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program.

The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Quality Division at 540.853.5700.

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Use Your Water Wisely

How to Check for a Toilet Leak

Using water wisely in times of drought is critical; however, it is always important to use our natural resource wisely.

Toilets are the number one source of water leaks inside the home so this is the best place to start a leak detection. Because a toilet leak can waste up to 200 gallons of water per day, it is important to regularly test your toilets and quickly repair any leaks you discover.

Fix leaks in faucets, toilet tanks and outside spigots. Check for a toilet leak by putting some food coloring in your toilet tank. The next morning, if any of the color shows up in the bowl without flushing, you have a leak. A leaky toilet can waste up to 200 gallons of water per day.

In the laundry or kitchen, use full loads in your washing machine and dishwasher to maximize efficiency.

Don’t overwater your lawn. If you water your lawn, it only needs 1

to 1.5 inches of water every week or two. Water outside before 10 AM or after 7 PM when temperatures are cooler to minimize evaporation.

While brushing your teeth, turn off the water and save two gallons of water.

Shorten your shower to five minutes to save water.

Have a leak? Fix it and let us know right away. If your meter records a continuous high flow of consumption, we’ll notify you about a potential leak.

To determine if a toilet is leaking, place some dye such as food coloring, Kool-Aid, cola or brewed coffee in the tank of the toilet before you go to bed. Do not flush or use the toilet during the test.

If you see any of the color in the bowl of the toilet the next morning, then you know you have a leak that needs to be repaired.

If you discover that you have a toilet leak, make sure the lift chain is free of kinks and that you don’t have any mineral buildup around your valves that might prevent them from sealing properly. You can also use the adjustment screw on the overflow pipe to lower the water level in the tank to keep it from flowing into the overflow pipe. Most overflow pipes have a line on the pipe that indicates where the water level needs to be. If the flapper valve or plunger ball isn’t properly sealing at the bottom of the toilet, you will also get leaks. Parts are available at your local hardware store to replace these items.

Learn More Classroom Presentations

The Authority’s outreach staff is pleased to offer free Standards of Learning (SOL) correlated lessons to students in our service area.

During a typical school year, around 11,000 students participate in our outreach programs. These hands-on programs help students understand concepts such as the water cycle, watersheds and the amazing properties of water. Students in the upper grades learn about watershed protection, GIS mapping and future careers in the water and wastewater industry. Interested in bringing the Water Authority into your classroom? Email us at education@westernvawater.org to schedule a visit.

Guest Speakers

Interested in having a speaker talk to your civic league or community group? We’d be happy to talk to your group about your water source, how we treat your water and improvements we are making to the water and wastewater infrastructure. Contact us at info@westernvawater. org for scheduling and information.

Tours

Dam Inundation Information

The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes four surface water sources in the Roanoke Valley - Carvins Cove, Spring Hollow, Beaverdam Creek and Falling Creek Reservoirs. Each of these bodies of water is impounded by a dam which is physically inspected annually.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has published this information to inform customers in the unlikely event of a catastrophic dam failure.

If this should occur, or if conditions should occur that would increase the likelihood of such an event occurring, the public would be notified through all major media outlets and local emergency centers.

To learn more about the risk of flooding to your property, and to learn how you can protect yourself, please visit the FloodSafe.gov website.

If you have specific questions about the Western Virginia Water Authority dam inundation information or to see if you property is located in an inundation zone, please see www.westernvawater.org/ drinking-water/dam-safety-information

Tours of our treatment facilities and reservoirs are offered to our customers, students, civic, community groups or other groups of ten or more. You will be amazed to learn what goes on behind the faucet as we treat and deliver the highest quality drinking water to our customers. We’d love to show you how we treat your water. To request a visit, please call 853.5700 or email education@westernvawater.org

Videos

Learn about our water and wastewater treatment processes or explore the science of water without ever leaving your classroom or home. The Water Authority has a collection of videos on our YouTube channel to teach, inspire and amaze. Visit the Western Virginia Water Authority YouTube channel to start exploring.

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