Western Virginia Water Authority - 2019 Water Quality Report

2019

Water Quality Report

for customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt, Virginia

About This Report The Western Virginia Water Authority supplies customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt with an annual water quality report. This provides you with information about the source of your water, what it contains and how it compares to the standards set by regulatory agencies based on data collected during calendar year 2018 or the most recent testing period.

The Water Division of the Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to deliver safe drinking water. Once again, the Water Authority was in full compliance with all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

On July 1, 2004 the Western Virginia Water Authority was formed from the former utility departments of the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County. In November 2009 Franklin County joined the Water Authority. Botetourt County joined in 2015 offering a larger regional approach to meeting the communities’ water and wastewater needs.

The Authority has earned the highest industry awards for both water and wastewater, implemented energy saving measures across all departments, focused on cleaning the sanitary sewer lines and rehabilitating aging water distribution pipes.

Reaching out to the Western Virginia Water Authority Executive Directors The Western Virginia Water Authority has two Executive Directors that oversee the daily treatment and delivery of 19-million gallons of drinking water and the collection and treatment of 37-million gallons of wastewater a day. Michael McEvoy is the Executive Director Wastewater Services and Gary Robertson, P.E. is the Executive Director Water Operations.

Authority Board of Directors The Western Virginia Water Authority’s Board of Directors, appointed by the member localities, governs the Authority. Representatives from the City of Roanoke include Mr. John P. Bradshaw, Jr., Mr. Bob Cowell and Mr. Harvey Brookins. The Roanoke County representatives include Mr. Don Davis, Mr. Dan O’Donnell, and Mr. Randall Hancock. Mrs. Shirley Holland represents Franklin County, and Mr. Hunter Young represents Botetourt County.

Board meetings are held on the third Thursday of each month (with the exception of August and December) at 601 S. Jefferson Street.

The Board meetings are open to the public.

Customer Service Our customer service representatives are available Monday-Friday from 8am - 5pm. If you have a water or sewer emergency after hours, calls to the Water Authority are answered by Roanoke County’s 911 Dispatch Center. 540.853.5700 | info@westernvawater.org 601 S. Jefferson Street • Suite 200 • Roanoke, VA 24011 www.westernvawater.org

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Table of Contents 2019 Water Quality Report Contact Information ...................................................... 2 How Standards are Set .................................................. 3 Information about Specific Tests ................................... 4 Definitions ..................................................................... 5 Source Water Assessment ............................................ 6 Backflow Education ...................................................... 6 UCMR4 Data ................................................................. 7 Water Conservation and Leak Detection ...................... 8 Outreach ....................................................................... 9 Roanoke Area System Water Quality Data ............. 10-19 Botetourt County System Water Quality Data ........ 20-23 Franklin County Systems Water Quality Data ......... 24 -39

Testing Your Water

How are the standards set?

In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. Food and Drug Administration regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health. All drinking water, including bottled drinking water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) at very stringent levels. In developing the standards, EPA assumes that the average adult drinks 2 liters of water each day throughout a 70-year life span. EPA generally sets MCLs at levels that will result in no adverse health effects for some contaminants or a one-in-ten-thousand to one-in-one-million chance of having the described health effect for other contaminants.

More information about drinking water is available through these sources Virginia Department of Health: (Roanoke & Botetourt area) 540.463.7136 Virginia Department of Health: (Franklin County) 434.836.8416 Center for Disease Control and Prevention: 1.800.311.3435 404.639.3311 or 404.639.3312 (TTY) Roanoke Environmental Health Department: 540.857.7663 EPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline: 800.426.4791

The tables of data on pages 13 -39 summarize water-testing results from 2018 or the most recent reporting year for both regulated and non-regulated substances. Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. The Western Virginia Water Authority constantly monitors its water supplies for various contaminants to meet all regulatory requirements.

All regulated substances must be tested annually, except for lead and copper and SOCs, which must be tested every three years, and radiologicals, which must be tested every six to nine years. The TTHMs/ HAA5s were derived from running annual averages.

Cryptosporidium & Giardia

Lead & Copper Testing

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are microscopic organisms that can cause fever, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms when ingested. The organisms come from animal and human wastes and are eliminated through water filtration and disinfection. Even though the presence of these organisms is not regulated by the state or federal government, the Water Authority has tested for these organisms.

Giardia, 0.2 cyst per 1 liter, was detected in the raw (untreated) water at Falling Creek in March 2016 and 8 cyst per 1 liter in June 2017.

Cryptosporidium was detected in the raw (untreated) water at Carvins Cove (0.1 cyst per 1 liter in January 2016 and 0.1 cyst per 1 liter in February 2016).

Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons, such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/ CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection

by Cryptosporidium and other microbiological contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

Quality water begins at the source. It is important that the Western Virginia Water Authority knows and understands the water chemistry from each source, closely monitors the treatment process and understands the pipe material that the water can flow through. This is especially important regarding lead and copper.

What Causes Discolored Water?

Changes in water pressure in water systems, such as when water mains break or fire hydrants are used or flushed, can occasionally cause drinking water to be discolored. The discoloration is caused by sediments in pipes mixing with clear water. The sediments occur naturally from the oxidation of iron in pipes.

While discolored water is ordinarily safe to drink, it is best to flush any discolored water from pipes by turning on all cold-water faucets in your home or business. Avoid turning on hot-water faucets so the discolored water is not drawn into water heaters.

If you notice evidence of a water main break or leaking fire hydrant, please call 853.5700.

What is my Water Hardness?

As water naturally flows over rocks and through the soil, it picks up minerals. The more calcium and magnesium present, the harder your water. While water hardness is not a safety issue, you may notice increased mineral build-up or soap residue with harder water.

Hardness can be expressed as PPM - parts per million or GPG - grains per gallon.

4

PPM

GPG

Rating

0 - 75

0 - 4.3

Soft

76 - 150

4.4 - 8.7

Moderately Hard

151 - 300

8.8 - 17.5

Hard

over 300

17.6 +

Very Hard

Copper is a nutritionally essential element, but at high levels, copper can cause gastrointestinal difficulties such as nausea and diarrhea.

Elevated levels of lead, if present, can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily associated with materials and components in service lines and home plumbing.

The Authority maintains over 1500 miles of pipes up to and including the lines going to the customer’s water meter. Pipe materials in our system can be cast iron, ductile iron or pvc. We do not know of any lead pipes in our distribution system. However, customers, particularly those in older homes, may have lead plumbing in their homes or pipes that were joined with lead solder.

We treat the water with corrosion control or adjust the pH of the water so that pipes in our distribution system and the customers’ pipes in their homes are protected.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is responsible for providing high quality drinking water but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting in your pipes for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes or until it becomes cold or reaches a steady temperature before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested.

Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Terms Used in This Water Quality Report

Substance

Source of Substance

Antimony

Discharge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder

Barium

Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits

Chlorate

By-product of treating drinking water with chlorine dioxide

Chlorine

Required disinfectant added during treatment process to eliminate bacteria

Chlorite

By-product of treating drinking water with chlorine dioxide

Chromium

Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits

LRAA: Locational Running Annual Average

Fluoride

Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from aluminum and fertilizer factories

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLG as feasible using the best available treatment technology.

HAA5s

By-product of drinking water chlorination

TTHMs

By-product of drinking water chlorination

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Run-off from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

Total Coliforms

Naturally present in the environment

Fecal Coliforms

Human and animal waste

Gross Alpha

Erosion of natural deposits

Gross Beta

Decay of natural and man-made deposits

Radium 226/228

Erosion of natural deposits

Lead

Natural\industrial deposits, plumbing solder, brass alloy in faucets

Copper

Natural\industrial deposits, plumbing, wood preservatives

Alkalinity

Measurement of naturally occurring carbonates

Conductivity

Physical property of water

ND: Analyte was not detected or was below the method detection limit of the laboratory’s instrumentation.

Corrosivity

Physical property of water that occurs when water reacts with metal

NTUs: Nephelometric Turbidity Units; a measure of turbidity.

Hardness

Measurement of naturally occurring hardness metals

Iron

Naturally occurring in the environment

P/A: Present or Absent

Manganese

Naturally occurring in the environment

pCi/L: Picocuries per liter is a measure of the radioactivity in water.

Orthophosphate (as P)

Corrosion inhibitor added during treatment process

Sodium

Naturally occurring in the environment

Ethylbenzene

Discharge from petroleum refineries

Selenium

Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines

Toluene

Discharge from petroleum factories

Uranium

Erosion of natural deposits

Zinc

Naturally occurring in the environment

Xylene

Discharge from petroleum factories; discharge from chemical factory

Action Level (AL): The concentration of a contaminant that triggers treatment or other requirement that a water system must follow.

Combined Radium: Radium 226 + Radium 228 E. coli: Bacteria from human and animal fecal waste HAA5s: Haloacetic acids.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL): The highest level of a disinfection allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. mg/L: Milligrams per liter, also referred to as parts per million (for example, one minute in two years).

ppm: One part per million, also referred to as mg/L, (for example, one minute in two years). ppb: One part per billion, also referred to as μg/L (for example, one minute in 2,000 years).

TTHMs: Total Trihalomethanes Treatment Technique (TT): A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water. μg/L: Micrograms per liter, also referred to as parts per billion (for example, one minute in 2,000 years). μmhos/cm: Micromhos per centimeter; a measure of conductivity.

5

Source Water Assessment As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity.

Water from surface sources is treated to make it drinkable while groundwater may or may not require any treatment.

Contaminants in source water may be naturally occurring substances, or may come from: • Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife; • Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming;

Backflow Prevention & Cross-Connection Identification

• Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and residential uses;

A plumbing cross-connection is an actual or potential connection between the public water supply and any source of contamination or pollutant. Without proper plumbing precautions, contaminated substances could backflow into the public system and your drinking water supply through this connection.

• Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban stormwater runoff, and septic systems; and • Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. The assessment determined that Crystal Spring, Falling Creek and Carvins Cove are susceptible to contamination based on land use activities and potential types of contaminants in these areas. This designation does not mean that the source water has been impacted or that it will be impacted. It does mean that if there is a release of pollutants in the assessment area, the source water could be impacted.

The VDH also completed a source water assessment of Spring Hollow Reservoir’s water source, the Roanoke River. This assessment determined that the Roanoke River may be susceptible to contamination because it is surface water exposed to a wide array of contaminants at varying concentrations. Also, changing hydrologic, hydraulic and atmospheric conditions promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern into the Roanoke River.

The assessment also determined that the Water Authority’s wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Water travelling through the Authority’s distribution system is pressurized. If the water system loses pressure, such as during a water main break, system maintenance or fire hydrant usage/ testing, the flow of the water may be reversed. If a customer has made a cross-connection with hazardous substances or even non potable water, these substances can backflow into the public water system and create a risk to public health.

What You Can Do To Protect Your Drinking Water Help us identify potential locations where backflow can occur. You can complete a simple Backflow Prevention Survey on-line at www. westernvawater.org.

If necessary, contact the Water Authority to schedule a free assessment with our staff to assist you in finding and removing any potential cross-connection sources.

Remove any cross-connections you find or install backflow prevention devices (available at hardware stores) where needed. A Water Authority representative is available to assist you with this process if needed.

If you have a backflow prevention device installed by a certified plumber, have it tested annually or after any repairs.

Questions about backflow prevention? email us at backflow@westernvawater.org call us at 853.5700

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring - UCMR4 The following substances were tested in Western Virginia Water Authority sources during calendar year 2018 as part of the unregulated contaminants monitoring.

Unregulated contaminants are those for which EPA has not established drinking water standards. Unregulated contaminant monitoring helps EPA to determine where certain contaminants occur and whether the Agency should consider regulating those contaminants in the future.

Parameter

Units

Carvins Cove

Spring Hollow

Crystal Spring

Muse Spring

North Lakes

Starkey Well 1

Starkey Well 2

Starkey Well 3

City of Salem

Germanium

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Manganese

ppb

1.6 -2.48

ND

ND

ND

ND

11.1

ND

4.66

41.1

47.3

ND

0.82-2.8

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Chlorpyrifos

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Dimethipin

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Ethoprop

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Oxyfluorfen

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Profenofos

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Tebuconazole

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Permethrin, cis & trans

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Tribufos

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Butylated hydroxyanisole

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

o-Toluidine

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Quinoline

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

0.021

1-Butanol

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

2-Methoxyethanol

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

2-Propen-1-ol

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Bromochloroacetic acid

ppb

ND-1.22

Bromodichloroacetic acid

ppb

ND - 2.19

Chlorodibromoacetic acid

ppb

ND - 0.318

Dibromoacetic acid

ppb

ND

Dichloroacetic acid

ppb

1.33 - 27.1

Monobromoacetic acid

ppb

ND

Monochloroacetic acid

ppb

ND - 2.58

Tribromoacetic acid

ppb

ND

Trichloroacetic acid

ppb

Bromide (Raw) TOC (Raw)

Garden City LaBellevue Longridge Well 2 Well 7 Well 2

0.811 - 31.9

ppb

ND

ND 33.6

ppb

26903050

13201380

ND ND

7

Use Your Water Wisely Using water wisely in times of drought is critical; however, it is always important to use our valuable natural resource wisely.

• Fix leaks in faucets, toilet tanks and outside spigots. Check for a toilet leak by putting some food coloring in your toilet tank.

The next morning, if any of the color shows up in the bowl without flushing, you have a leak. A leaky toilet can waste up to 200 gallons of water per day.

• In the laundry or kitchen, use full loads in your washing machine and dishwasher to maximize efficiency.

• Don’t overwater your lawn. If you water your lawn, it only needs

1 to 1.5 inches of water every week or two. Water your garden or lawn before 10 AM or after 7 PM when temperatures are cooler to minimize evaporation.

• While brushing your teeth, turn off the water and save two gallons of water.

• Taking shorter showers saves water. Shorten your shower to five minutes.

• Have a leak? Fix it and let us know right away. If your meter records a continuous high flow of consumption, we’ll notify you about a potential leak.

How to Check for a Toilet Leak Toilets are the number one source of water leaks inside the home so this is the best place to start a leak detection. Because a toilet leak can waste up to 200 gallons of water per day, it is important to regularly test your toilets and quickly repair any leaks you discover.

To determine if a toilet is leaking, place some dye such as food coloring, Kool-Aid, cola or brewed coffee in the tank of the toilet before you go to bed. Do not flush or use the toilet during the test. If you see any of the color in the bowl of the toilet the next morning, then you know you have a leak that needs to be repaired.

If you discover that you have a toilet leak, make sure the lift chain is free of kinks and that you don’t have any mineral buildup around your valves that might prevent them from sealing properly. You can also use the adjustment screw on the overflow pipe to lower the water level in the tank to keep it from flowing into the overflow pipe. Most overflow pipes have a line on the pipe that indicates where the water level needs to be. If the flapper valve or plunger ball isn’t properly sealing at the bottom of the toilet, you will also get leaks. Parts are available at your local hardware store to replace these items.

8

Learn More Classroom Presentations

The Authority’s outreach staff is pleased to offer free Standards of Learning (SOL) correlated lessons to students in our service area.

During the past school year, more than 13,000 students participated in our outreach programs. These hands-on programs help students understand concepts such as the water cycle, watersheds and the amazing properties of water. Students in the upper grades learn about watershed protection, GIS mapping and future careers in the water and wastewater industry. Interested in bringing the Water Authority into your classroom? Email us at education@westernvawater.org to schedule a visit.

Research

The Western Virginia Water Authority has partnered with Virginia Tech researchers and graduate students since the 1990s to lead water quality research projects on the Authority’s drinking water reservoirs. This partnership trains graduate students with real-world experiences while providing valuable data for management. Students inform reservoir management of oxygenation, discharge rates, water chemistry and more. As a result of the research, oxygen is now fed into the reservoirs to keep naturally occurring iron and manganese locked in the sediment layers, saving the expense of chemical addition in the treatment facilities. Algal blooms are also reduced as a result of the increased oxygen because it locks up nitrogen and phosphorus, essential components of algae growth, in the reservoir sediments.

Through this Virginia Tech partnership, the Western Virginia Water Authority has the strongest track record of water quality monitoring of any Virginia utility.

Dam Inundation Information Guest Speakers

Interested in having a speaker talk to your civic league or community group? We’d be happy to talk to your group about your water source, how we treat your water and improvements we are making to the water and wastewater infrastructure. Contact us at info@ westernvawater.org for scheduling and information.

Tours

Tours of our treatment facilities and reservoirs are offered for students, civic and community groups. You will be amazed to learn what goes on behind the faucet as we treat and deliver the highest quality drinking water to our customers. We’d love to show you how we treat your water. To request a visit, please call 853.5700 or email education@westernvawater.org

The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes four surface water sources in the Roanoke Valley - Carvins Cove, Spring Hollow, Beaverdam Creek and Falling Creek Reservoirs. Each of these bodies of water is impounded by a dam which is physically inspected annually.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has published this information to inform customers in the unlikely event of a catastrophic dam failure.

If this should occur, or if conditions should occur that would increase the likelihood of such an event occurring, the public would be notified through all major media outlets.

You can also register your phone number with the Authority through our CodeRed system. This free service is an automated phone dialing system that notifies our customers of important information including safety issues, water service interruptions and late payment notifications.

To learn more about the risk of flooding to your property, and to learn how you can protect yourself, please visit the FloodSafe.gov website.

FEMA also offers informative publications about dam safety. Living with Dams: Know Your Risks was published in 2013 and Living with Dams: Extreme Rainfall Events was published in 2015.

If you have specific questions about the Western Virginia Water Authority dam inundation information or to see if you property is located in an inundation zone, please see www.westernvawater.org/ drinking-water/dam-safety-information

get notified: www.westernvawater.org/codered

9

Drinking Water Systems in the Roanoke Valley The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes four surface water sources and multiple springs and wells as drinking water sources in the Roanoke Valley to serve customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt. Having an abundant supply of water helps protect against drought or other emergencies.

Combined, the water treatment facilities for these sources can treat over 56-million gallons of water a day; however, current production averages about 19-million gallons per day.

10

Roanoke Systems

11

Carvins Cove Reservoir & Treatment Facility Carvins Cove Reservoir is situated within Carvins Cove Natural Reserve, a 12,672-acre watershed near Hollins University in Botetourt County.

The land in the reserve above the 1,200-foot contour is owned and managed by the City of Roanoke. The land below this elevation, and the reservoir, are owned and operated by the Western Virginia Water Authority. In addition to receiving water from the watershed, the reservoir is fed from two underground tunnels that carry overflow from Tinker and Catawba Creeks. This surface water source covers 630 acres and stores 6.42-billion gallons of water at full pond.

How is it treated? Carvins Cove Water Treatment Facility has the capacity to treat 28-million gallons of water from the reservoir every day. The water is first oxygenated and treated with chlorine dioxide to oxidize dissolved organic matter, iron and manganese. Water is aerated to remove unwanted dissolved gases and to oxidize dissolved metals, which reduces any unpleasant tastes and odors. Flash mixing of chemicals is the next step, where ferric sulfate is added to coagulate suspended particles. Water then flows into settling basins where the particles clump together, become heavy and settle to the bottom of the basins.

Next, the water is filtered through gravel, sand and carbon and disinfected with chlorine. Fluoride is added to promote strong teeth.

Sodium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH and reduce corrosivity, and orthophosphate is added to control corrosion in pipes.

Where does it serve? A large part of the northeastern and northwestern parts of the city, and the majority of the southeastern part of the city, to Reserve Avenue, are served by Carvins Cove. Portions of northern and northeastern Roanoke County are also served by the Carvins Cove water source. Water from Carvins Cove also serves the Botetourt area around Exit 150 to Tinkerview and Greenfield.

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Carvins Cove Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

12

Carvins Cove Natural Reserve www.westernvawater.org/carvinscove

Carvins Cove Natural Reserve, the second largest municipal park in the United States, offers outdoor recreation opportunities, including boating, fishing, hiking and nature viewing. You can bring your own boat or rent kayaks, paddle boats and jon boats at the reservoir.

Visitors to the Natural Reserve are charged $3 per person for daily use or annual passes are available for $25. Payment drop boxes are located at the Bennett Springs, Hollins Trailhead and Timberview parking lots, or passes can be purchased from the Security Office on Reservoir Road. For more information, call the Natural Reserve at 362.1757.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Carvins Cove Data (range) average

ppm

2

2

no

0.0572

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.065 - 0.7) 0.52

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(1.73 - 2.57) 2.06

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.13 - 0.27) 0.19

pCi/L

0

15

no

0.7

Roanoke Systems

Barium

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.35

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

1 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.46 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

(0.033 - 0.22) 0.076

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.0 - 1.3) 1.1

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

(ND - 0.110) 0.021

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (5 - 47) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(8.4 - 52) site range (16 - 63) LRAA range

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

8

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

(30 - 42) 38

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E.coli

P/A

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

154

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(37 - 56) 47

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(0.012 - 0.033) 0.024

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(0.004 - 0.008) 0.006

n/a

(0.04 - 0.28) 0.25

no

(7.2 - 7.8) 7.6

n/a

4.51

n/a

ND

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

13

Crystal Spring Treatment Facility Crystal Spring flows at the base of Mill Mountain in the southern part of the city. This groundwater source provides an average flow of 4.6-million gallons of water a day.

How is it treated ? The water is filtered in the Crystal Spring Ultrafiltration Treatment Facility which filters out all particles larger than 0.01 micron. One micron is one thousandth of a millimeter. Filtered water is treated with chlorine and fluoride and pumped to water customers from the Crystal Spring Pumping Station.

Where does it serve? Crystal Spring serves portions of southwest Roanoke County and the southwestern part of the city. With the capacity to filter five-million gallons of water a day, Crystal Spring Treatment Facility is the largest ultrafiltration plant in western Virginia.

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Crystal Spring Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Crystal Spring Historic Pump Station

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Crystal Spring Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.038

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.55 - 0.72) 0.64

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.712

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

N/A

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.01 - 0.03) 0.02

0

15

no

1.0

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

7.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.7

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

1 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.46 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.0 -1.1) 1.1

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (5 - 47) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(8.4 - 52) site range (16 - 63) LRAA range

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

You are invited to tour the historic Crystal Spring Pump Station. Located at the corner of Jefferson and McClanahan Streets, the pump station is open for free guided tours each Saturday (12 noon 4 pm) and Sunday (1 pm - 4 pm) the first Saturday in June through the end of August. Call 853.5700 for tour information.

Microbiological Substances

14

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

130

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

331

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(120 - 171) 142

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

0.05

n/a

0.0002

n/a

ND

no

(7.5 - 7.8) 7.7

n/a

3.96

n/a

ND

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Distribution System

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

ND

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

ND

Roanoke Systems

Falling Creek & Beaverdam Creek Reservoirs Falling Creek Reservoir is a surface water source located in Bedford County east of Vinton. It covers 21 acres and stores 85-million gallons of water at full pond. It is fed by Beaverdam Creek Reservoir, which covers 69 acres and stores 435-million gallons of water at full pond.

How is it treated? The treatment process of this water source is similar to that of Spring Hollow Treatment Facility. The treatment capacity is 1.5-million gallons a day. Sodium hydroxide is added for corrosion control and zinc orthophosphate is used as a corrosion inhibitor.

Where does it serve? Falling Creek Water Treatment Facility serves King Street northeast to Route 460, along Route 24 to 13th Street and east on Route 24 to Stewartsville. Falling Creek was not utilized for most of 2018. Residents in the Falling Creek service area received water from the Carvins Cove system.

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Falling Creek Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Falling Creek Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.0161

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(1.13 - 2.07) 1.51

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.1 - 0.16) 0.12

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

< 0.5

Substance Regulated Substances

(0.4 - 0.6) 0.47

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.8

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.6

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

1 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.46 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.4 - 1.6) 1.5

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

yes

(ND - 61) site range (5 - 47) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(8.4 - 52) site range (16 - 63) LRAA range

n/a

(18 - 18) 18

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Total Coliforms

P/A

0 0

E. coli

P/A

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

63.8

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(17 - 17) 17

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(0.008 - 0.016) 0.011

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(0.005 - 0.015) 0.010

n/a

(0.16 - 0.2) 0.17

no

(7.5 - 7.6)7.5

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

n/a

9.84

n/a

0.0145

Violation

Distribution System

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

ND

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

ND

15

Spring Hollow Reservoir & Treatment Facility The water source for this system comes from the Roanoke River and is pumped into the Spring Hollow Reservoir, a 3.2-billion gallon side-stream storage reservoir.

How is it treated? Water is withdrawn from the reservoir, oxygenated and treated with chlorine dioxide to oxidize dissolved organic matter, iron and manganese. Treatment at the Spring Hollow Treatment Facility includes clarification, filtration, chlorine disinfection and fluoridation. The Spring Hollow Water Treatment Facility currently has the capacity to treat 18-million gallons of water a day and can be expanded to 36-million gallons a day. Treated water is stored in a twomillion gallon storage tank then pumped through the north and south transmission lines to the distribution system. The current usage averages 4.5-million gallons a day. During an emergency, standby wells may be used to supplement the source water.

Where does it serve? Spring Hollow supplies water to various neighborhoods in Roanoke County and Franklin County through the southern transmission lines. The northern transmission lines run along I-81 and serve the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County.

Total Coiform and E.coli bacteria were not detected at Spring Hollow Reservoir.

Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Spring Hollow Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

16

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.281

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(1.17 - 1.83) 1.43

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.06 - 0.15) 0.09

Substance

Spring Hollow Data (range) average

Regulated Substances 0.0342 (0.32 - 0.85) 0.68

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

0.24

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2.4

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

1 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.46 ppm

Radium 228 Combined Radium

0.36

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

(ND - 0.48) 0.068

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.1 - 1.2) 1.1

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

(ND - 0.097) 0.021

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (5 - 47) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(8.4 - 52) site range (16 - 63) LRAA range

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(124 - 140) 135

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

338

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(148 - 160) 155

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

0.05

n/a

0.00039

n/a

(ND - 0.21) 0.16

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

no

(7.5 - 7.8) 7.6

n/a

5.27

n/a

ND

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Violation

Distribution System

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

ND

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

ND

Roanoke Systems

City of Salem Source The Western Virginia Water Authority contracts with the City of Salem to purchase water to supply Robin Hood Park and other areas around West Main Street and Riverside Drive in Roanoke County. The City of Salem’s water source is the Roanoke River and three ground water wells.

If you have any questions about this data, please contact the City of Salem Water Department at 375-3029. If you want to learn more about this source, please attend any of the regularly scheduled Salem City Council meetings. They are held on the second and fourth Monday of each month in council chambers.

The City of Salem Water Department routinely monitors for contaminants in the drinking water mandated by Federal and State laws. The following table shows the results of monitoring for the period of January 1st to December 31st, 2018 or the most recent monitoring period. The City of Salem Water Department had no violations during this time period.

The Virginia Department of Health has completed a source water assessment for Salem’s waterworks system. This assessment provides information on possible sources of contamination to our source water. As determined by the source water assessment, the possibility of contamination to our water source (Roanoke River) is high. This is due to the fact that surface water is exposed to an inconsistent array of contaminants at varying concentrations due to changing hydrologic, hydraulic and atmospheric conditions with land use activities of concern in the assessment area.

To view a copy of this water assessment, please contact the City of Salem Water Department office at 540-375-3029.

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

City of Salem Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.046

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.14 - 0.78)

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.47

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(0.62 - 2.04)

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.027 - 0.078)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

0.70 ± 0.51

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

3.0 ± 0.69

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.6 ± 0.49

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = < 0.005 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.0727 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

ND

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(0.92 - 1.73)

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(16.3 - 51.1)

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(10.3 -44.7)

n/a

(69 - 205)

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Ortho Phosphate

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

n/a

(102 - 287)

0.3

n/a

< 0.05

0.05

n/a

< 0.01

n/a

< 0.05

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

(7.23 - 7.99)

n/a

7.25

n/a

< 0.01

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected in Salem

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Source Water Testing - this data does not apply to treated water Cryptosporidium

Oocysts per 10L

0

99% removal by filtration plus addition as required under the LT2ESWTR

no

(< 0.25 - 0.1)

Giardia

Cysts per 1L

0

99% removal or inactivation

no

3-9

17

Community Well Systems

The Authority maintains well systems that serve localized communities including Country Hills and Martin Creek. Data for these systems is presented as (range) average.

Country Hills System Groundwater obtained from one well is the source for this system.

Chlorine is used to disinfect the water prior to distribution. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping consisting of 6-inch, 4-inch and 2-inch pipe. The total source/pump capacity is equal to 43,200 gallons per day. Usage in 2018 was approximately 770 gallons per day.

Tests for volatile organics (VOCs), pesticides and synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water. Total Xylene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 10,000 ppb. Total Xylene was detected in the Country Hills Water System with a range of (1.01 3.05 - ND) ppb. Ethylbenzene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 10,000 ppb. Ethylbenzene waas detected in the Country Hills Water System with a range of (ND - 0.53 - ND) ppb.

Martin Creek System Seven wells supply this groundwater source, which is disinfected with chlorine prior to distribution. Water is distributed throughout the community by two storage tanks and distribution piping consisting of 8-inch, 6-inch and 4-inch pipe. The total source/pump capacity is equal to 76,000 gallons per day. Current usage is approximately 22,100 gallons per day. This system supplies water to the Forest Edge and Carriage Hills areas.

Tests for volatile organics (VOCs) and pesticides have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water.

1, 2- Dichloropropane has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 5 ppb. 1,2 -Dichloropropane was detected in the Martin Creek Water System with a range of (ND - 0.33) ppb.

18

Other Wells

The Authority maintains over 20 other wells in the Roanoke distribution area. While many of these wells are inactive, they offer an additional supply of water for the distribution system if needed. Wells in service 2018* included Garden City #2, LaBellevue 7, Longridge 2, Muse Spring, North Lakes 6 and Starkey 3. Data presented as (range) average.

Muse Spring The Western Virginia Water Authority is constructing a new 2 MGD Water Treatment Plant (WTP) to treat raw water supplies from Muse Spring and Garden City Well No. 3. The facility will tie directly to the existing Authority distribution system and will help serve the eastern portion of the Carvins Cove service area southeast of downtown.

The Muse Spring Water Treatment Plant will be located at the site of the spring on Riverland Road. This facility will come online later in 2019.

Roanoke Systems

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Country Hills

Martin Creek

Wells*

Barium

ppm

2

2

0.00318

(0.00154 - 0.0277) 0.0111

(0.00343 - 0.135) 0.0722

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

0.355

(0.175 - 1.58) 0.482

(0.1 - 0.8) 0.26

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

1.06

(0.045- 0.84) 0.289

(0.0313 - 0.69) 0.453

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

0.061

(0.61 - 13.9) 2.73

(ND - 0.304) 0.1

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

0.3

(<0.6 - 0.7) 0.12

(ND - 2.1) 1.22

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

2.1

(<1.1 - 3.3) 1.6

(ND - 4.5) 2.08

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

0.8

(<0.6 - 0.8) 1.3

(ND - 0.6) 0.21

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

1.1

(<0.6 - 1.5) 0.25

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3.4ppb

1 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.7 ppb

AL = 1.3

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.26 ppm

0 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.46 ppm

(0.3 - 1.8) 0.85

Substance Regulated Substances

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products 4

(0.89 - 1.45) 1.16

(0.96 - 1.4) 1.01

0

60

n/a

ND

ppb

0

80

n/a

13.9

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

0

0

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

0

0

0

Chlorine

ppm

HAA5

ppb

TTHM Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

96

(110 - 204) 174

(114 - 185) 142

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

212

(278 - 706) 477

(270 - 357) 302

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

100

(124 - 344) 233

(134 - 187) 162

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

0.3

ppm

ND

(ND - 1.29) 0.34

(ND - 0.011) 0.00183

0.05

0.00016

(0.00033 - 0.248) 0.0609

(0.00008 - 0.0108) 0.00309

ND

ND

ND

6.5 - 8.5

6.93

(6.9 - 7.5) 7.1

(7.4 - 8.0) 7.72

8.7

(11.7 - 27) 17.5

unregulated unregulated 5

0.0121

(0.0083 - 0.868) 0.284

(2.76 - 11.9) 6.23 (0.0028 - 0.0221) 0.00842

19

On July 1, 2015, Botetourt County consolidated its utility system with the Western Virginia Water Authority. This joinder allowed for the expansion of the Carvins Cove service area to include customers in the former Greenfield and Tinkerview Garden well service areas.

The water quality of Carvins Cove, particularly in terms of the mineral content, is more beneficial to meeting the needs of industries and residents. Other customers in the Botetourt service area receive water from community wells.

MO

O AD

SE

E

RE

1,000 Feet

ID G E

M

CA VE

IL

500 1,000 Feet

DR

ED

BE

0

BR

500

ET

TI M

OO D

TO

W

N

D GR

W

0

LT P

C

U

R AIL WA Y

AL

H SA

O

AN

L

RR Y QU A ROA NOK E RD

LD

EH

M

C

AR

O

L

R

Griffith Park

BU R

FI E

CHURC R

FF

O

LR

Walnut Manor Reservoirs

FI

H

U

RO W N AR GE A PASS

IN D

IA

HI GH

H

AI

Keswick Farms

C KS

NC

R

Glen Wilton Griffith Park

N

BR A

Eagle Rock

BLA

UN

TA IN

Glen Wilton

Eagle Rock

Water Main Carvins Cove Dal-Nita

AR

Botetourt County Water System

TOWN OF IRON GATE

CITY OF COVINGTON CA TA W

BA

TI

M

0 150 300 Feet

BE

R

ALLEGHANY COUNTY RD

ROCKBRIDGE COUNTY

BOTETOURT COUNTY

TOWN OF TROUTVILLE

D

Y

R LE Y VAL

LE E

HW

BOTETOURT COUNTY

CRAIG COUNTY

TOWN OF BUCHANAN

TOWN OF FINCASTLE

ER RD DA LE

IN T

ER S 81 TATE NB

CL OV

Carvins Cove

TOWN OF TROUTVILLE

Carvins Cove

BEDFORD COUNTY

ROANOKE COUNTY L EL W AD D R

20

SH

ON MS L IA W IL R D

ROANOKE COUNTY

0

0.5

1 Miles

CITY OF ROANOKE

Beaverdam

0

1

2 Miles

Customers in Greenfield and along the southern end of US Route 220 to the I-81 exit 150 interchange receive water from the treatment plant that treats surface water from Carvins Cove Reservoir.

Greenfield and Tinkerview Garden Areas Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Carvins Cove Data (range) average

ppm

2

2

no

0.0572

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

4

4

no

(0.065 - 0.7) 0.52

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(1.73 - 2.57) 2.06

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.13 - 0.27) 0.19

pCi/L

0

15

no

0.7

Botetourt County Systems

Fluoride Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.35

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

1 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 of 51 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.46 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

(0.033 - 0.22) 0.076

Chlorine

ppm

4

no

(1.0 - 1.3) 1.1

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

(ND - 0.110) 0.021

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(ND - 61) site range (5 - 47) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(8.4 - 52) site range (16 - 63) LRAA range

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

8

E.coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

(30 - 42) 38

Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

154

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(37 - 56) 47

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(0.012 - 0.033) 0.024

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(0.004 - 0.008) 0.006

n/a

(0.04 - 0.28) 0.25

no

(7.2 - 7.8) 7.6

n/a

4.51

n/a

ND

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

21

Botetourt Well Systems Dal-Nita Hills

Griffith Park

Water from Dal-Nita Hills well comes from a groundwater well and is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. According to results of the chemical analyses for metals, the sodium in the treated water is 63.6 ppm. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. A source water assessment for the Dal-Nita Hills well has been completed by the Virginia Department of Health. The assessment determined that the well may be susceptible to contamination because it is located in an area that promotes migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well.

Water is pumped from the well to a metal storage tank behind the well house. A booster pump in the well house draws water from the tank and sends it to a pressure tank (also in the well house) and then throughout the community. Treatment is provided for iron and manganese. A small pump in the well house feeds a blend of orthophosphate and polyphosphate to sequester iron and manganese.

Chlorine feed equipment was installed to continuously disinfect the water.

Eagle Rock Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from two wells.

Disinfection treatment (by chlorination) is provided for both wells prior to discharge to the storage tank. Water is distributed from the storage tank by gravity.

Five samples were tested for Lead. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 2.3 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.086 ppm.

Glen Wilton Your drinking water is groundwater and can be obtained from three wells. All wells are treated for iron and manganese removal by chemical precipitation and filtration and chlorine for disinfection. Wells 1 and 2 have higher levels of iron and manganese and these wells are normally not used. Well 3 is the primary source. Water is pumped from the treatment building to the storage tank and distribution piping.

Five samples were tested for Lead. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 1.2 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.096 ppm. According to results of the chemical analyses for metals, the sodium in the treated water is 21.2 ppm. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet.

22

Manganese levels (0.356 - 0.368 ppm) and Iron levels (1.9 -2.23 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm for Manganese and 0.3 for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

Tests for volatile organics (VOCs) and pesticides have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water.

Total Xylene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 10,000 ppb. Total Xylene was detected at Griffith Park with a range of (ND - 0.43) ppb.

Five samples were tested for Lead. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 1.1 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.56 ppm.

Keswick Farms Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well.

Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Walnut Manor Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well.

Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Dal-Nita Hills Wells

Eagle Rock Wells

Glen Wilton Wells

Griffith Park Wells

Keswick Farm Wells

Walnut Manor Wells

Barium

ppm

2

2

0.0426

0.181

0.144

0.0785

0.141

0.121

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

0.08

0.143

0.11

0.134

0.44

2.2

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

3.17

ND

ND

ND

1.2

0.327

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

0.126

0.086

0.084

(2.39 - 10.8)

0.105

0.136

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

1.8

1.1

0.7

0.6

<0.27

0.36

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

Botetourt County Systems

Regulated Substances

Radioactive Contaminants

Radium 228 Combined Radium

5.1

2.1

<0.61

1.7

1.2

5.7

1.9

0.62

< 0.4

1.3

< 0.6

1.4

1.72

0.7

1.9

< 0.6

1.76

ND

0.3

0.0097

0.0026

pCi/L

0

5

3.7

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

ND

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

See page 22 Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0.0079

4

(0.5 - 2.0) 0.7

(0.3-2.2) 0.8

(0.2 - 2.2) 0.8

(0.2 - 1.7) 0.7

(0.5 - 1.4) 0.4

(0.7 - 1.4) 0.5

121

3.91

6.6

49.5

30.7

15.1

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

Chloride

ppm

HAA5

ppb

0

60

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

1.06

TTHM

ppb

0

80

4.37

2.11

ND

3.47

3.22

9.7

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

0

0

0

0

0

0

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms

E. coli

P/A

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

500

164

134

144

322

350

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

1124

383

362

488

810

676

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

508

180

129

228

388

410

0.3

ND

0.037

ND

(1.9 - 2.23)

ND

0.025

0.05

0.00018

0.00238

0.00291

(0.356 - 0.368)

0.00004

0.00108

ND

ND

ND

0.56

ND

ND

6.89

7.62

7.9

6.75

7.18

7.48

63.6

14.2

21.2

17.7

11.8

5.37

0.0123

0.025

0.00302

0.008

0.00569

0.0735

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

23

Drinking Water Systems in Franklin County The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes surface water and well water sources to provide customers in the Franklin County service area with drinking water and fire protection. Information on each of those sources can be found on the next ten pages.

For information on the water supply serving the U.S. Route 220 area, please see page 16 (Spring Hollow Water Supply) of this publication.

24

Franklin County Systems

25

Smith Mountain Lake Water Treatment Facility The Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) has a successful working relationship with the Bedford Regional Water Authority (BRWA) to provide treated drinking water from the Smith Mountain Lake Water Treatment Plant to customers in the Westlake Area Water System area. This facility, which opened in May 2017, was designed to meet both utilities’ joint water needs through the year 2060 as recommended by the Regional Long Range Water Supply Plan.

How is it treated? Water from Smith Mountain Lake is screened through 500 micron woven mesh stainless steel strainers to remove fine silt and then pumped to the treatment facility. The membrane plant has 216 modules that each have 10,000 membrane filter strands to provide the unique water treatment capability. The membranes can filter out particles larger than 0.02 microns. After filtration, the water is treated with sodium hypochlorite, a required disintectant to eliminate bacteria. The finished water in the distribution system is re-chlorinated at The Boardwalk, The Waterfront Section 2-9 subdivisions and at Burnt Chimney for continuous chlorination.

Where does it serve? Water from this treatment plant serves customers in Bedford County and Franklin County. As the water flows through pipes under Hales Ford Bridge, it enters the Westlake Area Water System service area. Customers in the Westlake Commercial District, Boardwalk, Chestnut Creek, Deer Creek, Hales Point, Long Island, Twin Cove, Waterfront, Waverly and Windmere Point communities, along Scruggs Road and along Route 122 to just past Wirtz Road are served by the Westlake Area Public Water System.

The Western Virginia Water Authority and Bedford Regional Water Authority are pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

A source water assessment for the Westlake Area systems has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years. The assessment determined that this source might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067244

26

Smith Mountain Lake

Water Treatment Facility

working together to provide the region’s drinking water

Violation

Sample Date

Data Collected at the SML Water Treatment Facility (range) average

2

no

2018

0.03

10

10

no

2018

0.09

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2017

(0.03 - 0.237) 0.14

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2015

0.28

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2015

0.58

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2016

0 of 11 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.3 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2016

0 of 11 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.27 ppm

4

no

2018

(0.2 - 1.3) 0.5

Units

Ideal Goals (EPAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s MCL)

Barium

ppm

2

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

Turbidity

Substance

Data Collected in the Westlake Area Water System (range) average

Regulated Substances

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2018

LRAA ( 30- 41) Site Range (31 - 45)

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2018

LRAA (54 - 61) Site Range (26.8 - 61)

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances ppm

unregulated

n/a

Daily

(64 - 82) 82

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Daily

(60 - 129) 89

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

Daily

(0 - 0.03) 0.01

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

Daily

(0 - 0.021) 0.006

n/a

Daily

ND

no

Daily

(6.4 - 8.7) 7.6

n/a

2017

12

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated

27

Franklin County Systems

Alkalinity Hardness (Total)

Alton Park Water System The Alton Park Water System is served by two groundwater wells and related storage facility.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Alton Park System Data (range) average

Antimony

ppm

0.006

0.006

no

2016

0.0003

Substance Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2016

0.0094

Chromium

ppb

100

100

no

2016

1.8

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2016

0.05

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

0.0245

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2016

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2015

3.1

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2015

0.59

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2017

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.0 ppb

no

2017

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.14 ppm 93.8

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067020

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

28

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2016

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

2016

200

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2016

98.3

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2016

ND

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

2016

ND

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

2016

ND

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

EPA’s MCLG

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

2016

6.79

n/a

2016

1.91

n/a

2016

0.019

Microbiological Substances

Units

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

Sample Year Level Detected 2018

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

Burnt Chimney Water System In 2018, the Authority combined four existing waterworks (Boxwood Green, Fox Chase, Royal Estates and Dam Shores) to form the Burnt Chimney Water System to serve these communities.

The system consists of five drilled groundwater wells and related storage facilities.

Greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water. Soda ash is used for pH adjustment and chlorine is used for disinfection of the water. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Substance

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Burnt Chimney System Data (range) highest detected

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2018

(0.0157 - 0.0385)

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2018

(ND - 0.13)

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

(ND - 0.4)

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2018

(ND - 0.66)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2018

(0.25 - 14)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2018

(0.85 - 10.2)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

(0.71 - 4.1)

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2018

1 of 7 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 11 ppb

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2018

0 of 7 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

4

no

2018

(0.29 - 0.95) 0.83 avg.

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2017

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2017

(ND - 3.76)

n/a

2018

(68.1 - 201)

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

PWSID# 5067042

Units

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

(31.4 - 209)

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2018

( ND - 0.43)

0.05

n/a

2018

(ND - 0.398)

n/a

2018

ND

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

5

no

2018

(6.87 - 8.25)

n/a

2018

(8.11 - 13.7)

n/a

2018

(0.014 - 1.48)

Microbiological Substances

Units

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

Sample Year Level Detected 2018

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

29

Franklin County Systems

EPA’s MCLG

6.5 - 8.5 unregulated

Cherokee Hills Water System The Cherokee Hills community’s waterworks consists of two drilled wells and a storage tank. Treatment included sequestration for iron and manganese and chlorination.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Cherokee Hills System Data (range) average

Antimony

ppm

0.006

0.006

no

2018

0.0005

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2018

0.0131

Regulated Substances

The level of Iron detected (1.26 ppm) is above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.3 ppm for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of iron at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2018

0.09

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

0.0737

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2018

2.17

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2017

4.2

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2017

7.5

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

2017

1.4

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2017

2.8

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2017

4.2

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2016

0.3 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2016

0.19 ppm

4

no

2018

(0 - 2.42) 1.23

Lead and Copper Testing

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants.

The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2017

3.64

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2017

ND

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067070

30

Units

Substance

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

44.1

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

2018

159

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

36.5

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2018

1.26

0.05

n/a

2018

0.0296

n/a

2018

ND

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

EPA’s MCLG

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

no

2018

5.75

n/a

2018

13.9

n/a

2018

0.037 Sample Year Level Detected

Microbiological Substances

Units

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

Compass Cove Water System This water system supplies water to the Compass Cove and Sunset Point Subdivisions.

The waterworks consists of three drilled wells and a storage tank. Treatment includes iron and manganese removal.

According to results of the chemical analyses for metals based on a sample collected in 2018, the sodium in the treated water is 39.4 mg/L. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067083

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Compass Cove System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2018

0.0463

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2018

0.07

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

0.0342

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2018

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2018

8.2

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2018

13.3

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

1.5

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

1.9

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

3.4

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2017

0 of 7 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 9 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2017

0 of 7 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.12 ppm

4

no

2018

(0.49 - 0.89) 0.75

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2018

1.05

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2018

7.38

n/a

2018

159

Unregulated and Secondary Substances ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

89.4

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2018

ND

0.05

n/a

2018

ND

n/a

2018

ND

no

2018

6.76

n/a

2018

39.4

n/a

2018

0.214 Sample Year Level Detected

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

EPA’s MCLG

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Microbiological Substances

Units

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

31

Franklin County Systems

Alkalinity

Dillards Hill Water System In 2018, the Authority combined four existing waterworks (Contentment Island, Lands End, Highland Lakes and Lakestone) and constructed a new water treatment plant to form the Dillards Hill Water System to serve these communities.

The Dillards Hill Water System consists of nine drilled wells (Contentment Island wells 1, 2, 3 and 4), Highland Lake well 2, Kennedy Shores wells 1 and 2 and Lands End Wells 1 and 2) and related storage facility. Pre-treatment of the water includes the addition of soda ash, potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite solutions, and greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water.

Tests for volatile organics (VOCs) and pesticides have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water. Total Xylene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 10,000 ppb. Total Xylene was detected with a range of (1.93 - 15.7) ppb. Toluene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 1,000 ppb. Toluene was detected with a range of (ND - 2.2) ppb. Ethybenzene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 700 ppb. Ethybenzene was detected with a range of (ND - 2.69) ppb.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Dillard’s Hill System Data (range) average

ppm

10

10

no

2018

0.157

Regulated Substances Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2018

(1.05 - 4.5)

no

2018

(3.58 - 8.1)

2018

(ND - 0.29)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

2018

<0.46 - 0.68

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

<0.46 - 1.73

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2018

0 of 23 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2018

1 of 23 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.759 ppm

4

no

2018

(0.78 - 1.26) 0.96

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2018

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2018

0.96

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067415

32

Microbiological Substances

Units

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Total Coliforms

P/A

EPA’s MCLG 0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

Sample Year Level Detected 2018

0

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

Lakewood Forest Water System Groundwater wells (Wells 1, 2 and 3) provide water for the Lakewood Forest community.

Greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese for wells 1 and 3.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

Manganese levels (0.0885 - 0.175 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

A source water assessment for Lakewood Forest has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Lakewood Forest System Data (range) highest detected

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2018

(0.0035 - 0.0063)

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2018

0.08

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

(ND - 1.62)

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2018

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2016/2018

(6.9 -14.5)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2016/2018

(6.4 -13)

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

2016/2018

(0.24 - 1)

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2016/2018

(0.74 - 1.2)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2016/2018

(1.08 -2.2)

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2017

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 9 ppb

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2017

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.45 ppm

4

no

2018

(0.64 - 1.08) 0.84 avg.

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2017

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2017

ND

n/a

2018

(75.6 - 82.6)

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

(74.7 - 85.3)

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2018

(ND - 0.244)

0.05

n/a

2018

(0.0164 - 0.175)

n/a

2018

ND

no

2018

(6.21 - 6.3)

n/a

2018

(10.1 - 14.2)

n/a

2018

(0.005 - 0.011)

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

PWSID# 5067400 Microbiological Substances

Units

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Total Coliforms

P/A

EPA’s MCLG 0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

Sample Year Level Detected 2018

2

E. coli

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

33

Franklin County Systems

The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

Units

Substance

Retreat Water System In 2018, the Authority interconnected the Retreat’s distribution system to provide potable water to Cedar Ridge, Lake Forest, The Coves and The Retreat. Groundwater from wells located in Lake Forest and The Retreat is pumped to The Retreat where pretreatment of the water includes the addition of potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite solutions, and greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water. Once the water is filtered and disinfected, it is introduced into the interconnected distribution system providing potable water to Cedar Ridge, Lake Forest, The Coves and The Retreat.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that the Retreat water system meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067776

34

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Retreat System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2017

0.0405

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2017

0.07

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

ND

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2017

ND

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2018

(0.235 - 4.8)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2018

(3.24 - 6.3)

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

(0.96 - 1.6)

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

(0.59 - 1.12)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

(1.2 - 2.46)

2018

0 of 12 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2 ppb 0 of 14 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile =7 ppb

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Lead

Copper

ppb

0 ppb

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 15

no

AL = 1.3

no

2018

0 of 12 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.6 ppm 0 of 14 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.8 ppm

4

no

2018

(0.51 - 1.31) 0.78

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2017

10.1

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2017

57.6

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2017

184

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

2017

414

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2017

172

Iron

ppm

n/a

2017

ND

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

Microbiological Substances

Units

Total Coliforms

P/A

E. coli

Units

Substance

P/A

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

0.3 0.05 unregulated

2017

0.0013

2017

ND

no

2017

7.33

n/a

2017

15.3

n/a

2017

0.018

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Sample Year Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

EPA’s MCLG

6.5 - 8.5

n/a n/a

unregulated 5

Ridgecrest Water System The Ridgecrest Water System is served by a groundwater well and related storage facility.

Treatment consists of the addition of polyphosphate for removal of iron and manganese.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

Manganese levels (0.184 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Ridgecrest System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2016

0.0133

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2016

0.06

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

ND

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2016

1.74

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2017

4.3

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2017

3.5

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

2017

1.9

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2017

1.5

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2017

3.4

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2016

< 0.2 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2016

0.07 ppm

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2016

77

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

2016

198

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2016

84.3

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2016

0.245

0.05

n/a

2016

0.184

n/a

2016

0.84

6.5 - 8.5

no

2016

7.04

n/a

2016

5.66

5

n/a

2016

0.045

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

unregulated

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067785

Units

Total Coliforms

P/A

E. coli

P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Sample Year Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

35

Franklin County Systems

Microbiological Substances

Timberlake Crossing Water System The Timberlake Crossing Water System is served by a groundwater well and related storage facility.

Treatment consists of the addition of soda ash, sodium hypochlorite and potassium permanganate for disinfection and removal of iron and manganese.

According to results of the chemical analyses for metals based on a sample collected in 2018, the sodium in the treated water is 23.3mg/L. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash for pH adjustment.

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067951

Microbiological Substances

Units

Total Coliforms

P/A

E. coli

36

P/A

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Timberlake Crossing System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2018

0.0626 0.12

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2018

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2018

ND

ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2016

0.44

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2016

9.2

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2016

0.05

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2016

0.49

2018

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 5 ppb

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Units

Substance

ppb

Copper

ppm

0 ppb

1.3 ppm

AL = 15

no

AL = 1.3

no

2018

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.1 PPM

4

no

2018

(0.55 - 1.1) 0.75

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2016

4.03

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2016

4.72

n/a

2018

83.3

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

46.6

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2018

0.016

0.05

n/a

2018

ND

n/a

2018

ND

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

no

2018

6.63

n/a

2018

23.3

n/a

2018

0.048

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Sample Year Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

EPA’s MCLG

6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Walnut Run Water System Groundwater wells (Wells 1, 2 and 3) provide water for the Walnut Run community.

The three drilled wells use sodium hypochlorite and soda ash for chlorine disinfection and pH adjustment.

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

2017

0.0791

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2018

0.06

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

0.585

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2018

ND

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2018

2.1

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2018

7.1

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

1

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

3.1

2016

0 of 8 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.8 ppb

ppb

ppm

0 ppb

1.3 ppm

AL = 15

no

AL = 1.3

no

2016

0 of 8 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.18 PPM

4

no

2018

(0.58 - 0.98) 0.78

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2016

1.96

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2016

8.68

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

133

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

2018

358

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

146

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2017

0.033

0.05

n/a

2017

0.126

n/a

2018

ND

6.5 - 8.5

no

2018

6.8

n/a

2017

10.8

5

n/a

2017

0.008

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

EPA’s MCLG

unregulated

unregulated

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Sample Year Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

37

Franklin County Systems

P/A

Walnut Run System Data (range) average

Copper

Data presented as (range) average.

PWSID# 5067951

E. coli

Sample Date

Lead

The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern.

More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

P/A

Violation

Lead and Copper Testing

A source water assessment for Walnut Run has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health.

Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

Total Coliforms

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Radioactive Contaminants

Manganese levels (0.126 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Regulated Substances

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2018.

Microbiological Substances

Units

Substance

Water’s Edge Water System Customers who live in The Water’s Edge community get their drinking water from four groundwater wells (Well No. 3, 4, 11 and 12) that are located throughout the Water’s Edge subdivision. Water from well 4 and 11 go to the treatment plant where three greensand filters are used to remove iron, manganese and radium from the drinking water. An orthophosphate feed system for corrosion control and a sodium hydroxide feed system for pH adjustment has been added at the treatment plant and Well 12. Well 12 is also disinfected with chlorine. There is no treatment is added to Well No. 3.

According to results of the chemical analyses for Metals based on a sample collected in 2018 for entry point EP001, the sodium in the treated water is 32.1 mg/L and in Well 12, 24.8 mg/L (2018). This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the sodium hydroxide added to the water for pH adjustment.

Data presented as (range) highest level found.

PWSID# 5067961

Microbiological Substances

Units

Total Coliforms

P/A

E. coli

38

P/A

Water’s Edge System Data (range) highest level found

2

no

2018

(0.0039 - 0.0797)

Units

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Barium

ppm

2

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2018

(ND - 0.1)

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

(ND - 0.623)

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2018

ND

Selenium

ppm

0.05

0.05

no

2018

0.0037

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

20172018

(ND - 18.1)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

20172018

(2.3 - 9.5)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

20172018

(0.9 - 4)

Uranium

ppb

0

30

no

20172018

(10.43 - 10.78)

Lead and Copper Testing

In calendar year 2018, four of 13 samples exceeded the Action Level for Copper.

A source water assessment for The Water’s Edge has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

Violation

Sample Date

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2018

0 of 13 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2018

4 of 13 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.41 ppm

4

no

2018

(0.43 - 0.84) 0.64 avg

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2018

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2018

1.69

n/a

2018

(69.3 - 148)

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2018

(25.3 - 133)

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2018

(ND - 0.015)

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

2018

(ND - 0.0016)

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

2018

(ND - 0.4) 0.29 avg

EPA’s MCLG

unregulated

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Sample Year Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

Weatherwood Water System The Weatherwood Water System is served by four (4) groundwater wells and related storage facilities. The four drilled wells are treated with sodium hypochlorite and soda ash for chlorine disinfection, pH adjustment, and iron and manganese sequestration.

Manganese levels (3.18 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water.

According to results of the chemical analyses for metals based on a sample collected in 2017, the sodium in the treated water is 36.2mg/L. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash for pH adjustment.

Microbiological Substances

Units

Total Coliforms

P/A

E. coli

P/A

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Sample Date

Weatherwood System Data (range) average

ppm

2

2

no

2017

0.0484

Chromium

ppb

100

100

no

2017

1.5

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

2017

0.17

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

2018

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

2017

Regulated Substances Barium

0.0623 1.55

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2018

3.5

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2018

3.4

Radium 226

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

0.69

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

0.94

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0

5

no

2018

1.63

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

2016

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

2016

1 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.2 ppm

4

no

2018

(0.19 - 0.45) 0.32

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

2017

6.09

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2017

15.8

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2017

163

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

2017

350

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

2017

87.9

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

2017

0.257

0.05

n/a

2017

3.18

n/a

2017

ND

no

2017

7.18

n/a

2017

36.2

n/a

2017

0.012

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067959 EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Sample Year Level Detected

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

2018

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

2018

0

39

Franklin County Systems

A source water assessment for the Weatherwood system has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

Units

Substance

www.westernvawater.org