2016 WVWA Water Quality Report

WATER A U T H O R I T Y

General Information

WESTERN VIRGINIA

2016 water quality report Franklin County Systems Roanoke Area Systems Botetourt County Systems

drinking water information for customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt

2 0 1 6 Wate r Q u a l i t y Re p o r t

About this report & the

Western Virginia Water Authority

601. S. Jefferson Street, Suite 200 Roanoke, VA 24011 Phone: 853.5700 www.westernvawater.org info@westernvawater.org

2

The Western Virginia Water Authority supplies customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt with an annual water quality report. This provides you with information about the source of your water, what it contains and how it compares to the standards set by regulatory agencies based on data collected during calendar year 2015.

The Water Division of the Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to deliver safe drinking water. Once again, the Water Authority was in full compliance with all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

On July 1, 2004 the Western Virginia Water Authority was formed from the former utility departments of the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County. In November 2009 Franklin County joined the Water Authority. Botetourt County joined in 2015 offering a larger regional approach to meeting the communities’ water and wastewater needs.

The Authority has earned the highest industry awards for both water and wastewater, implemented energy saving measures across all departments, focused on cleaning the sanitary sewer lines and rehabilitating aging water distribution pipes.

Table of Contents General Information

Authority Board of Directors The Western Virginia Water Authority’s Board of Directors, appointed by the member localities, governs the Authority. Representatives from the City of Roanoke include Mr. Wayne Bowers, Mr. John P. Bradshaw, Jr., and Mr. Harvey Brookins. The Roanoke County representatives include Mr. Thomas Gates, Mr. H. Odell “Fuzzy” Minnix and Mr. Don Davis. Mrs. Shirley Holland represents Franklin County, and Mr. John Williamson, III represents Botetourt County.

2 - 13

About the Authority Education Outreach Water Conservation Tips Protecting Your Water Quality Water Quality Testing

3 4 5 6 13

Franklin County Systems

14 - 25

Roanoke Area Systems

26 - 41

Boxwood Green Contentment Island Lakewood Forest Royal Estates SML Area Water System Walnut Run Weatherwood Water’s Edge

Board meetings are held on the third Thursday of each month with the exception of August and December. The Board meetings are open to the public.

Executive Directors

Botetourt County Systems

The Western Virginia Water Authority has two Executive Directors that oversee the daily treatment and delivery of almost 20-million gallons of drinking water and the collection and treatment of 37-million gallons of wastewater a day. Michael McEvoy is the Executive Director Wastewater Services and Gary Robertson, P.E. is the Executive Director Water Operations.

General Information

Carvins Cove Crystal Spring Beaverdam Creek/Falling Creek Spring Hollow Salem Source Well Systems

Greenfield/ Tinkerview Gardens

Well Systems

16 17 18 19 20 22 23 24

30 32 34 36 38 40

42 - 49 44 46

Platinum Award for Utility Excellence Platinum Award for Excellence in Management

3

Education Outreach Classroom Presentations

The Authority’s outreach staff is pleased to offer free Standards of Learning (SOL) correlated lessons to students in our service area. During the past school year, more than 13,000 students participated in our outreach programs.

These hands-on programs help students understand concepts such as the water cycle, watersheds and the amazing properties of water. Students in the upper grades learn about watershed protection, GIS mapping and future careers in the water and wastewater industry. Interested in bringing the Water Authority into your classroom? Email us at education@westernvawater.org to schedule a visit.

Tours of our treatment plants

Tours are offered for students in grades 3 and above as well as for civic and community groups. You will be amazed to learn what goes on behind the faucet as we treat and deliver the highest quality drinking water.

Guest Speakers

Interested in having a speaker talk to your civic league or community group? We’d be happy to talk to your group about your water source, how we treat your water and improvements we are making to the water and wastewater infrastructure. Contact us at info@westernvawater.org for scheduling and information.

4

The Water Authority is pleased to offer students in our service area free outreach programs in the classroom and at drinking water reservoirs.

General Information

Use Water Wisely Using water wisely in times of drought is critical; however, it is always important to use our valuable natural resource wisely.

• Fix leaks in faucets, toilet tanks and outside spigots. Check for a toilet leak by putting some food coloring in your toilet tank. The next morning, if the color shows up in the bowl without flushing, you have a leak. A leaky toilet can waste up to 200 gallons of water per day.

• In the laundry or kitchen, use full loads in your washing machine and dishwasher to maximize efficiency.

• Don’t overwater your lawn. If you water your lawn, it only needs 1 to 1.5 inches of water every week or two. Water your garden or lawn before 10 AM or after 7 PM when temperatures are cooler to minimize evaporation.

• While brushing your teeth, turn off the water and save two gallons of water.

• Taking shorter showers saves water. Shorten your shower to five minutes.

• Have a leak? Fix it and let us know right away.

5

Backflow Prevention & Cross-Connection Identification A plumbing cross-connection is an actual or potential connection between the public water supply and any source of contamination or pollutant. Without proper plumbing precautions, contaminated substances could backflow into the public system and your drinking water supply through this connection.

Potential Cross-Connection Sources Where Backflow Can Occur Outside Spigots outside spigots without a vacuum breaker

Wells & Irrigation Systems not Protected by a Backflow Device (Connected to Public Water) private well, spring or cistern lawn irrigation/sprinkler system - supplied by a pond/lake lawn irrigation/sprinkler system - supplied by public water water storage tank

Pools, Ponds & Hot Tubs not Protected by a Backflow Device (Connected to Public Water) hot tub swimming pool fish pond

Internal Plumbing Not Protected by a Backflow Device (Connected to Public Water)

Water travelling through the Authority’s distribution system is pressurized. If the water system loses pressure, such as during a water main break, system maintenance or fire hydrant usage/ testing, the flow of the water may be reversed. If a customer has made a cross-connection with hazardous substances or even non potable water, these substances can backflow into the public water system and create a risk to public health.

We all need to work together to protect our drinking water.

The Western Virginia Water Authority and all our customers share the responsibility to help safeguard the public water supply. We are working closely with the Virginia Department of Health and our customers to identify potential backflow issues so your drinking water maintains the highest possible quality.

What You Can Do To Protect Your Drinking Water Help us identify potential locations where backflow can occur.

You can complete a simple Backflow Prevention Survey on-line at www.westernvawater.org.

If necessary, contact the Water Authority to schedule a free assessment with our staff to assist you in finding and removing any potential cross-connection sources.

Remove any cross-connections you find or install backflow prevention devices (available at hardware stores) where needed.

A Water Authority representative is available to assist you with this process if needed.

If you have a backflow prevention device installed by a certified plumber, have it tested annually or after any repairs.

fire protection sprinkler system solar heating system water softener water filtration system darkroom/photo development

Questions about backflow prevention? email us at backflow@westernvawater.org call us at 853.5700

Cryptosporidium & Giardia Cryptosporidium and Giardia are microscopic organisms that can cause fever, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms when ingested. The organisms come from animal and human wastes and are eliminated through water filtration and disinfection. Even though the presence of these organisms is not regulated by the state or federal government, the Water Authority has tested for Cryptosporidium and Giardia. Giardia, 0.1 cyst per 1 liter was detected in the raw (untreated) water at Carvins Cove in April 2015. Cryptosporidium has not been detected in 2015.

Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons, such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbiological contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

Lead & Copper Copper is a nutritionally essential element, but at high levels, copper can cause gastrointestinal difficulties such as nausea and diarrhea. If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children.

Lead in drinking water is primarily associated with materials and components in service lines and home plumbing. There are no known lead lines in the Authoriy’s distribution system.

Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Water Discoloration Changes in water pressure in water systems, such as when water mains break or fire hydrants are used or flushed, can occasionally cause drinking water to be discolored. The discoloration is caused by sediments in pipes mixing with clear water. The sediments occur naturally from the oxidation of iron in pipes.

While discolored water is ordinarily safe to drink, it is best to flush any discolored water from pipes by turning on all cold-water faucets in your home or business. Avoid turning on hot-water faucets so the discolored water is not drawn into water heaters.

If you notice evidence of a water main break or leaking fire hydrant, please call 853.5700.

Water Hardness As water naturally flows over rocks and through the soil, it picks up minerals. The more calcium and magnesium present, the harder your water. While water hardness is not a safety issue, you may notice increased mineral build-up or soap residue with harder water.

PPM

GPG

Rating

0 - 75

0 - 4.3

Soft

76 - 150 4.4 - 8.7

Moderately Hard

151 - 300 8.8 - 17.5

Hard

over 300

17.6 +

Very Hard

Hardness can be expressed as PPM - parts per million or GPG grains per gallon.

7

General Information

The Western Virginia Water Authority is responsible for providing high quality drinking water but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting in your pipes for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes or until it becomes cold or reaches a steady temperature before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested.

Roanoke Area

Source Water Assessments The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Water from surface sources is treated to make it drinkable while groundwater may or may not require any treatment.

Contaminants in source water may be naturally occurring substances, or may come from: • Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife; • Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming; • Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and residential uses; • Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban stormwater runoff, and septic systems; and • Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

The Western Virginia Water Authority has completed a source

water assessment of our water sources. The assessment determined that Crystal Spring, Falling Creek and Carvins Cove are susceptible to contamination based on land use activities and potential types of contaminants in these areas. This designation does not mean that the source water has been impacted or that it will be impacted. It does mean that if there is a release of pollutants in the assessment area, the source water could be impacted.

The VDH also completed a source water assessment of Spring Hollow Reservoir’s water source, the Roanoke River.

This assessment determined that the Roanoke River may be susceptible to contamination because it is surface water exposed to a wide array of contaminants at varying concentrations. Also, changing hydrologic, hydraulic and atmospheric conditions promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern into the Roanoke River.

The assessment also determined that the Water Authority’s wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

General Information

Franklin County Area

Source Water Assessments Source water assessments for the Boxwood Green Water System, Lakewood Forest Water System, Walnut Run Water System, Water’s Edge Water System and the Weatherwood Water System have been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Wells serving those communities were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern.

More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

Source water assessments for Contentment Island and Royal Estates Water System are in the works. After the assessments are conducted, we will provide information about potential sources of contamination and ways to reduce or eliminate them.

9

Data presented in this publication The tables of data on pages 16 - 46 summarize water-testing results from 2015 or the most recent reporting year for both regulated and non-regulated substances. The Western Virginia Water Authority constantly monitors its water supplies for various contaminants to meet all regulatory requirements.

All regulated substances must be tested annually, except for lead and copper and SOCs, which must be tested every three years, and radiologicals, which must be tested every six to nine years. The TTHMs/ HAA5s were derived from running annual averages.

Many other primary contaminants have been analyzed but were not present or were below the maximum contaminant level.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) at very stringent levels. In developing the standards, EPA assumes that the average adult drinks 2 liters of water each day throughout a 70-year life span. EPA generally sets MCLs at levels that will result in no adverse health effects for some contaminants or a one-in-ten-thousand to one-in-one-million chance of having the described health effect for other contaminants.

The Water Division of the Western Virginia Water Authority vigilantly safeguards your water supplies and is proud to report that again in 2015, the Water Authority was in full compliance with all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

General Information

In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. Food and Drug Administration regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health.

All drinking water, including bottled drinking water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.

11

By Definition.....

Action Level (AL): The concentration of a contaminant that triggers treatment or other requirement that a water system must follow.

HAA5s: Haloacetic acids.

LRAA: Locational Running Annual Average Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water.

MCLs are set as close to the MCLG as feasible using the best available treatment technology.

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL): The highest level of a disinfection allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. mg/L: Milligrams per liter, also referred to as parts per million (for example, one minute in two years).

ND: Analyte was not detected or was below the method detection limit of the laboratory’s instrumentation.

NTUs: Nephelometric Turbidity Units; a measure of turbidity.

P/A: Present or Absent pCi/L: Picocuries per liter is a measure of the radioactivity in water. ppm: One part per million, also referred to as mg/L, (for example, one minute in two years). ppb: One part per billion, also referred to as μg/L (for example, one minute in 2,000 years).

TTHMs: Total Trihalomethanes Treatment Technique (TT): A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water. μg/L: Micrograms per liter, also referred to as parts per billion (for example, one minute in 2,000 years). μmhos/cm: Micromhos per centimeter; a measure of conductivity.

Are you interested in your home being one of the Authority’s water quality testing sites? Contact us at 853-5700 or email at info@westernvawater.org.

General Information

Testing Your Water Thousands of tests are conducted on your drinking water every year.

What is the source of some of the substances we test?

Substance

Source of Substance

Barium

Discharge form drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits

Chlorate

By-product of treating drinking water with chlorine dioxide

Chlorine

Required disinfectant added during treatment process to eliminate bacteria

Chlorite

By-product of treating drinking water with chlorine dioxide

Chromium

Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits

Fluoride

Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from aluminum and fertilizer factories

HAA5s

By-product of drinking water chlorination

TTHMs

By-product of drinking water chlorination

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Run-off from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits

Total Coliforms

Naturally present in the environment

Fecal Coliforms

Human and animal waste

Gross Alpha

Erosion of natural deposits

Gross Beta

Decay of natural and man-made deposits

Radium 226/228

Erosion of natural deposits

Lead

Natural\industrial deposits, plumbing solder, brass alloy in faucets

Copper

Natural\industrial deposits, plumbing, wood preservatives

Alkalinity

Measurement of naturally occurring carbonates

Conductivity

Physical property of water

Corrosivity

Physical property of water that occurs when water reacts with metal

Hardness

Measurement of naturally occurring hardness metals

Iron

Naturally occurring in the environment

Manganese

Naturally occurring in the environment

Orthophosphate (as P)

Corrosion inhibitor added during treatment process

Sodium

Naturally occurring in the environment

Zinc

Naturally occurring in the environment

Xylene

Discharge from petroleum factories; discharge from chemical factory

13

ROANOKE Water Main COUNTY Water Sources Boxwood Green Contentment Island Lakewood Froest Royal Estates Westlake Water System Walnut Run Weatherwood JU

Waters Edge

AR LY

´

LE

The Bedford Regional Water Authority and the Western Virginia Water Authority are working together in equal partnership to construct the new Smith Mountain Lake Water Treatment Facility. This facility will be jointly owned and operated by the two water authorities.

BA

Smith Mountain Lake 0

0.5

1 Miles

W IL VIRG H GO VIR H G GIL O OD E

ODE

In 2015, the Western Virginia Water Authority constructed a new 500,000 gallon drinking water storage tank in the Burnt Chimney area to improve water pressure and fire hydrant flow in that part of the service area. The tank will be put into service in Spring 2016.

WIRTZ

VIR H G GIL OO DE

IR

TZ

While originally designed to treat three million gallons of water per day from Smith Mountain Lake, the facility can be expanded to six million gallons per day to meet future demands.

TOWN OF ROCKY MOUNT

14

FRAN COU

Smith Mountain Lake Area Water Systems

ER AT W W H

BEDFORD COUNTY

Westlake Water System

High Point Q 3 Waterworks Weatherwood

Facility

K LA ER

Lakewood Forest

ID GE

EL

GS

W

UG

S LA S D IN

CH IM NE

S

SC R

Y

Royal Estates

E ER DM

NT

O

H RT NO NT E I PO

R BU

AM

RING

IN

L SP

DU AM DLE OS Y

BL U

COO

W

EW

IC

AT E

R

KL IN

E

GS

GAT E HOUSE

UG

W

KS O O

SC R

G

RD

BR

IN

M

R

IL L

P LS GIL F O

UG

G

S

Boxwood Green

AR

D

Y

Contentment Island

H

BURNT CHIMNEY

Franklin County Systems

L EE

BO OK ER T WA S H INGTO N

R SC

NKLIN UNTY

IL LE

W

SV

HAR

D

L

AR

S M IL

W

BRO O K

ED

DY

Walnut Run

Water's Edge

PITTSYLVANIA COUNTY

Boxwood Green Source

Boxwood Green Water System Groundwater wells (Wells No. 3, 4 and 5) provide water for the Boxwood Green community.

Greensand filters are used to remove iron, manganese and radium from the drinking water.

Soda ash is used for pH adjustment and chlorine is used for disinfection of the water.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2015.

16

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Data

4 - MRDL

no

(0.04 - 1.01) 0.62

4

no

0.16

no

ND

Substance

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Fluoride

ppm

4

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.03

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

1.2

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

6.5 - 8.5

no

7.3

no

0.28

pH

pH units

Turbidity

NTU

TT

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

No more than one positive sample per month.

no

1

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

ND

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

4.1

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

1.1

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 5.3 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

no

0.04

Manganese

ppm

0.05

no

0.003

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

5

no

0.2

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

no

66

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

no

44

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

no

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

20

no

158 13.6

Contentment Island Source Contentment Island Water System

According to results of the chemical analyses for metals based on a sample collected in 2014, the sodium in the treated water is 31.7 mg/L. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet.

This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash for pH adjustment.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2015.

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Data

Chlorine

ppm

4 - MRDL

no

(0.2 - 0.51) 0.35

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.10

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.28

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.03

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

1.35

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

6.5 - 8.5

no

6.83

no

0.27

pH

pH units

Turbidity

NTU

TT

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

No more than one positive sample per month.

no

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

Franklin County Systems

Groundwater wells (Wells 1, 2, 3 and 4) supply drinking water for Contentment Island customers. Treatment of the water is provided by adding chlorine for continuous disinfection of the water and soda ash for pH adjustment of the water.

Substance

Ideal Goals Units (EPA’s MCLG)

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

2.5

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

5.7

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.99

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile=3.45 ppb

no

1 exceeded the AL 90th percentile=1.09 ppm

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

no

0.049

Manganese

ppm

0.05

no

0.038

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

5

no

0.015

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

no

100

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

no

46

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

no

230

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

no

31.7

20

17

Lakewood Forest Source

Lakewood Forest Water System Groundwater wells (Wells 1, 2 and 3) provide water for the Lakewood Forest community. Ceramic media filters are used to remove iron and manganese for wells 1 and 3.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2015.

Data presented as (range) average.

18

Substance

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed Violation (EPA’s MCL)

Data

4 - MRDL

no

(0.07 - 0.8) 0.25

no

0.11 - 0.16

no

ND - 0.75

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.004 - 0.016

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

0.0004 - 0.0005

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

ND

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

6.36 - 6.7

Turbidity

NTU

TT

no

0.08 - 0.46

no

0

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

No more than one positive sample per month.

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Xylene

ppm

10

10

no

(0.41 - 1.42)

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

5.8

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

6.5

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.56/ 0.06

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 9.4 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 0.44 ppm

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

ND - 0.22

Manganese

ppm

0.05

0.05 - 0.08

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

5

ND - 0.01

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

74 - 102

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

74 - 100

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

205 - 244 20

12.7 - 15

Royal Estates Source

Groundwater wells (Wells 7 and 8) provide water for the Royal Estates community.

Sodium hypochlorite and soda ash provide chlorine disinfection and pH adjustment.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2015.

Data presented as (range) average.

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Data

4 - MRDL

no

(0.31 - 0.93) 0.62

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.04

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.41

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.0156

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

0.0019

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

0.9

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

6.51

Turbidity

NTU

TT

no

0.121

no

0

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

No more than one positive sample per month.

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

(-0.42 - 1.8)

Franklin County Systems

Royal Estates Water System

Substance

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

(-1.2 - 2.4)

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

(-0.39 - 0.8)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 0.7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 0.91 ppm

0.3

no

0.0155

0.05

no

0.0008

5

no

0.213

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

no

22

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

no

36

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

no

66.17

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

no

2.21

20

19

Smith Mountain Lake Water Treatment The Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) has a successful working relationship with the Bedford Regional Water Authority (BRWA) to provide treated drinking water from the High Point Water Treatment Plant to the Westlake area via the Westlake Area Water System. A new 3 MGD jointly owned and operated treatment facility is currently under construction (see page 14).

How is it treated? The High Point membrane filtration facility treats water from Smith Mountain Lake. The WVWA’s share of the current plant’s capacity is 400,000 gallons per day (gpd).

The finished water in the distribution system is re-chlorinated at The Boardwalk and at The Waterfront Section 2-9 subdivisions for continuous chlorination.

Where does it serve? Water from this treatment plant serves customers in Bedford County and Franklin County. As the water flows through pipes under Hales Ford Bridge, it enters the WVWA’s service area. Customers who live in the Westlake Commercial District, Chestnut Creek, Waterfront, Boardwalk and Windmere Point communities, along Scruggs Road and along Route 122 to just past Wirtz Road are served by the Westlake Area Public Water System.

20

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2015.

Data presented as (range) average.

Smith Mountain Lake Source Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Data Collected at Data Collected in Violation the High Point Water the Westlake Area Treatment Plant Water System

Substance

Units

Chlorine

ppm

4 - MRDL

no

(0.03 - 1.9) 0.83

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.1

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.47

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.03

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(45 - 69) LRAA (32 - 92) site range

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(27 - 35) LRAA (14 - 52) site range

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

(7.4 - 8.0) 7.7

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

0.06

no

0

1

0

0

P/A

0

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

Franklin County Systems

Total Coliforms

No more than one positive sample per month.

(0.07 - 1.42) 0.44

Most Recent Monitoring Period Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 1.5

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 0.17

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

no

0.05

Manganese

ppm

0.05

no

0.02

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

5

no

ND

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

no

92

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

no

(63 - 158) 109

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

no

242

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

no

10

20

21

Walnut Run Source

Walnut Run Water System Groundwater wells (Wells 1, 2 and 3) provide water for the Walnut Run community.

The three drilled wells use sodium hypochlorite and soda ash for chlorine disinfection and pH adjustment.

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2015.

22

Substance

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Data

4 - MRDL

no

(0.25 - 0.8) 0.62

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

0.07

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.86

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.0667

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

0.0005

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

7.2

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

1.1

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

6.8

Turbidity

NTU

TT

no

0.144

no

0

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

No more than one positive sample per month.

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

ND

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

3.6

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

7

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0.15

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

no

0.069

Manganese

ppm

0.05

no

0.03

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

5

no

0.0612

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

no

129

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

no

121

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

no

274

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

no

10.4

20

Weatherwood Source Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Violation

Data

4 - MRDL

no

(0.1 - 0.57) 0.23

4

no

0.24

10

10

no

ND

ppm

2

2

no

0.0552

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

ND

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

2.89

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

1.03

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

(6.8 - 7.6)

Turbidity

NTU

no

1.72

no

0

no

0

15

no

2.7

50

no

4.7

5

no

1.4

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 8 ppb

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 0.32 ppm

0.3

no

0.97 - 2.31

0.05

no

2.32 - 3.34

5

no

0.025

no

114

no

101

no

226

no

10.7

Weatherwood Water System

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Fluoride

ppm

4

The Weatherwood Water System is served by four (4) groundwater wells and related storage facilities.

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

Barium

The four drilled wells are treated with sodium hypochlorite and soda ash for chlorine disinfection, pH adjustment, and iron and manganese sequestration.

TT

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

No more than one positive sample per month.

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Iron and manganese levels are above the EPA’s Most Recent Monitoring Period recommended secondary maximum contaminant Gross Alpha pCi/L 0 levels or (SMCLs) of 0.3 ppm Gross Beta pCi/L 0 and 0.05 ppm respectively.

Radium 226/228 pCi/L 0 There are currently no known adverse health Lead ppb 0 ppb effects associated with the presence of iron and manganese at these levels; Copper ppm 1.3 ppm however, they can result in aesthetic problems such as Other Parameters staining or discoloration of Iron ppm clothes and fixtures, as well Manganese ppm as the impairment of taste Zinc ppm unregulated of beverages made with the water.

Alkalinity ppm unregulated The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2015.

Hardness

ppm

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

AL = 15

AL = 1.3

unregulated

20

Franklin County Systems

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Substance

23

The Water’s Edge Water System Customers who live in The Water’s Edge community get their drinking water from four groundwater wells (Well No. 3, 4, 11 and 12) that are located throughout the Water’s Edge subdivision.

Wells 4 and 11 go to the treatment plant where three greensand filters are used to remove iron, manganese and radium from the drinking water. In 2012, the Authority added an orthophosphate feed system for corrosion control and a sodium hydroxide feed system for pH adjustment both at the treatment plant and Well 12. Well 12 is also disinfected with chlorine. No treatment is added to Well No. 3.

According to results of the chemical analyses for Metals based on a sample collected on September 14, 2015 for entry point EP001 (Wells No. 4 and 11), the sodium in the treated water is 37 mg/L. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the sodium hydroxide added to the water for pH adjustment.

24

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2015.

Data presented as (range) average.

Water’s Edge Source Violation

Data

4 - MRDL

no

(0.2 - 0.77) 0.36

4

4

no

(0.006 - 0.15)

ppm

10

10

no

(ND - 0.37)

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

(0.0061 - 0.066)

Chromium

ppm

0.1

0.1

no

(ND - 0.0027)

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

5.13

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

ND

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

(5.65 - 7.6)

Turbidity

NTU

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Fluoride

ppm

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

TT

no

(0.075 - 0.113)

no

0

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

No more than one positive sample per month.

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

(1.2 - 9.5)

Franklin County Systems

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Substance

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

(5.9 - 9.1)

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

(< 0.6 - 1.9)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 5 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 0.49 ppm

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

no

(ND - 0.333)

Manganese

ppm

0.05

no

(ND - 0.165)

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

5

no

(0.0061 - 0.104)

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

no

(34 - 141)

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

no

(30 - 123)

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

no

(87.3 - 301)

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

no

(5.59 - 37)

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

no

(ND - 0.23)

20

25

Carvins Cove Substance

Spring Hollow

Crystal Spring

Falling Creek

Wells*

units

Average

Chlorate

ppb

55.2

33 - 77

ND

ND

ND

Chromium

ppb

0.25

0.22 - 0.26

0.26

0.22 - 0.35

0.36

Strontium

ppb

63.1

42.4 - 94.7

133

124 - 144

31.9

30.2 - 33.8

34

Chromium-6

ppb

0.05

0.039 - 0.079

0.075

0.047 - 0.13

0.21

0.12 - 0.29

0.076

Vanadium

ppb

ND

ND

0.25

0.21 - 0.37

ND

ND

ND

ND

0.38

0.23 - 1

1,4-Dioxane

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

0.11

0.076 - 0.12

ND

ND

0.092

0.084 - 0.1

Chlorodifluoromethane

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

0.16

0.16

Cobalt

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

1.8

1.5 - 2.3

Molybdenum

ppb

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

3.5

1.1 - 6.7

Range

Average

Range

Average

Range

Average

Range

Average

Range

ND

323

62.4 - 917

81

21 - 231

0.3 - 0.42

0.22

0.22

0.56

0.28 - 1.3

15.7 - 89

604

30.3 - 7280

0.034 - 0.13

0.28

0.032 - 0.8

*Wells sampled - Muse, LaBellevue 7, Hidden Valley 2, North Lakes 6, Farmingdale, Wyndale, Arlington Hills 3, Starkey 3, Cresthill, Starkey 2, Longridge 2, Starkey 1A, Garden City 2 ND = not detected at the laboratoryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s instrument detection level

26

Agricultural defoliant or desiccant Naturally occurring elemental metal Naturally occurring elemental metal Naturally occurring elemental metal Naturally occurring elemental metal Naturally occurring elemental metal Used in the production of paper, cotton, textile products, cosmetics, shampoos Used as a refrigerant Naturally occurring elemental metal Naturally occurring elemental metal

Roanoke Area Systems

Likely Source of Contamination

During 2014-2015, the Western Virginia Water Authority participated in the collection of 28 unregulated contaminates selected by the EPA. The EPA uses the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)Â to collect data for contaminants that are suspected to be present in drinking water and do not have health-based standards set under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). This list includes only those contaminants that were detected. For a complete list, please contact us or visit EPAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s National Drinking Water Contaminant Occurrence Database, http://water. epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/ncod/ databases-index.cfm.

27

WVWA Water Sources Carvins Cove Crystal Spring Country Hills Delandey Court Falling Creek Martin Creek Salem Source Spring Hollow Scenic Hills

Reservoirs Municipal Boundaries

Carvins Cove Natural Reserve

City of Salem

M

Carvins Cove Natural Reserve, the second largest municipal park in the United States, offers outdoor recreation opportunities, including boating, fishing, hiking and nature viewing.

You can bring your own boat or rent kayaks, paddle boats and jon boats at the reservoir. See the Water Authorityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s website for more details (http://www.westernvawater.org/i-am-a-/ recreationalist/carvins-cove-natural-reserve).

MA

IN

I81

Spring Hollow

E OK AN

´

IN

RO

0

0.5

1 Miles

T MO UN TA

28

AI

R IV

B EN

Visitors to the Natural Reserve are charged $2 per person for daily use or annual passes are available for $20. Payment drop boxes are located at the Bennett Springs, Hollins Trailhead and Timberview parking lots, or passes can be purchased from the Security Office on Reservoir Road. For more information, call the Natural Reserve at 362.1757.

L

Town of Vinton

M IL

Come for a visit!

N

SID ER

E

LE

LE E

CH AL LE N TY

JE FF ER SO N

UT

RI

VE

RL

Crystal Spring

RU

CI

TR OU

E

LIN

Roanoke County

NK

TO N LE

OUN WM LO

BR AM B

IL L

Smith Mountain Lake

EY

L YE TAI N

KL IN

SV

GH

L AL EV

OGD E N

N

AR T

AN D

TY

FR A

EW

FR A

2 20

LN

ST

HARDY

JA

IC

C

W A

GAR DE N

TR

TR I

K N

N LI

US

EC

EL EC

F

LI CK UD M EL

AM BR

A R

LL

Roanoke Area Systems

LE

C

ON ET BL

N

AV EN H

R

AN

I MA

OL

EWE TAZ

TON WASH I N G

VIRGINIA

DA LE

ELM

B RA N DO N

IAL ON

LI BE R

10T H H

3T

DI N

1

WALNUT

E WIS

SA LE M

G KIN

9TH

DE YE R

G

DIN R AN

G

5T H

OA H

E NG RA O GU S NI

13T H

M EM O R IA L

BRA ND O N

E

10T H

IC CTR EL E

ND

PAT T ER S ON

Roanoke River

SO N

NA

Falling Creek

S CK

T ON FR

AP P E R

SH E

NO KE ROA

ORA NG

ON IA MS

SALE M

WILL

E

HO LLINS ATI ON P LA NT

ME LR OS

G

1

AM

PETERS CR EE K

CO VE

ER G

ON MS

SH BE RG ER

I-5 8

IA LL WI

HE R

E DG

M SO N W ILLIA

N

MI LL KESLER

CO VE

RI

Beaverdam

AVI ATI O

IC

UR

N

RT

CTR

N U NI O

IN

HB

O MS

UE

E

EE K

O RP AI

EL E

S ON MEM ORIAL OMP TH

Y EM AD AC

G OO DW

TH

VE CO

N MAI

LYN C

L IA WIL

BL

ER DA L

EY VALL

CR

1 I8

UR

C LOV

WBA CATA

RS TE PE

FO

E

Carvins Cove

Franklin County Boones Mill

VI RG IL

H

G

OO

DE

IRONE RIDG

29

Carvins Cove Reservoir & Treatment Facility

Carvins Cove Reservoir is situated within Carvins Cove Natural Reserve, a 12,672-acre watershed near Hollins University in Botetourt County. The land in the reserve above the 1,200-foot contour is owned and managed by the City of Roanoke. The land below this elevation, and the reservoir, are owned and operated by the Western Virginia Water Authority. In addition to receiving water from the watershed, the reservoir is fed from two underground tunnels that carry overflow from Tinker and Catawba Creeks. This surface water source covers 630 acres and stores 6.42-billion gallons of water at full pond.

How is it treated? Carvins Cove Water Treatment Facility has the capacity to treat 28-million gallons of water from the reservoir every day. The water is first oxygenated and treated with chlorine dioxide to oxidize dissolved organic matter, iron and manganese.

Water is aerated to remove unwanted dissolved gases and to oxidize dissolved metals, which reduces any unpleasant tastes and odors. Flash mixing of chemicals is the next step, where ferric sulfate is added to coagulate suspended particles. Water then flows into settling basins where the particles clump together, become heavy and settle to the bottom of the basins.

30

Next, the water is filtered through gravel, sand and carbon and disinfected with chlorine. Fluoride is added to promote strong teeth. Sodium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH and reduce corrosivity, and orthophosphate is added to control corrosion in pipes.

Where does it serve? A large part of the northeastern and northwestern parts of the city, and the majority of the southeastern part of the city, to Reserve Avenue, are served by Carvins Cove. Portions of northern and northeastern Roanoke County are also served by the Carvins Cove water source. Water from Carvins Cove also serves the Botetourt area around Exit 150 to Tinkerview and Greenfield.

Water treated at the Carvins Cove Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Carvins Cove Source Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Carvins Cove Data (range) average

ppm

0.8

no

(0.03 - 0.1) 0.06

ppm

4 - MRDL

no

(1.1 - 1.4) 1.2

Substance

Units

Chlorate Chlorine Chlorite

ppm

Fluoride

ppm

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

0.8

no

(ND - 0.11) 0.02

4

4

no

(0.60 - 0.69) 0.66

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(1.26 - 2.15) 1.72

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

ND

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.05

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(25-62) LRAA range (16-89) site range

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(14-47) LRAA range (6-68) site range

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

(7.5 - 7.7) 7.6

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.09 - 0.2) 0.12

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

4

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

- 0.78

Most Recent Monitoring Period pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.5

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.03/0.79

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile=2.4 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile=0.62 ppm

0.3

n/a

(0.01- 0.02) 0.02

0.05

n/a

(0.00057 - 0.1) 0.007

5

n/a

ND

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(41 - 48) 44

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(49 - 55) 52

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(0.21 - 0.33) 0.27

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

130.1

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

n/a

6.14

Giardia lamblia

Cysts per 1L

0

no

0.1 (untreated water)

99.9% removal or inactivation

Roanoke Area Systems

Gross Alpha

Crystal Spring Treatment Facility Crystal Spring flows at the base of Mill Mountain in the southern part of the city. This groundwater source provides an average flow of 4.25-million gallons of water a day.

How is it treated ? The water is filtered in the Crystal Spring Ultrafiltration Treatment Facility which filters out all particles larger than 0.01 micron. One micron is one thousandth of a millimeter. Filtered water is treated with chlorine and fluoride and pumped to water customers from the Crystal Spring Pumping Station.

Where does it serve? Crystal Spring serves portions of southwest Roanoke County and the southwestern part of the city. With the capacity to filter five-million gallons of water a day, Crystal Spring Treatment Facility is the largest ultrafiltration plant in western Virginia.

Water treated at the Crystal Spring Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

32

Crystal Spring Pump Station come for a visit You are invited to tour the historic Crystal Spring Pump Station and the Snow Steam Pump. Located across the parking lot from the Treatment Facility, the History Museum of Western Virginia opens the pump station for free guided tours each Saturday (12 noon - 4 pm) and Sunday (1 pm - 4 pm) between May and September.

Crystal Spring Source Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

ppm

4 - MRDL

no

(1.1 - 1.1) 1.1

0.1

0.1

no

0.0004

4

4

no

(0.6 - 0.7) 0.68

Substance

Units

Chlorate Chlorine Chromium

ppm

Fluoride

ppm

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Crystal Spring Data (range) average

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

N/A

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.68

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.035

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(25-62) LRAA range (16-89) site range

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(14-47) LRAA range (6-68) site range

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

(7.6 - 7.7) 7.7

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.01 - 0.06) 0.01

no

0

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

1.1

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.8

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

0.8

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile=2.4 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile= 0.62 ppm

Roanoke Area Systems

Most Recent Monitoring Period

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

ND

5

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

n/a

ND

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

128

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(132 - 137) 137

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

n/a

0.09

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

259.95

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

n/a

3.53

33

Beaverdam Creek & Falling Creek Reservoirs Falling Creek Reservoir is a surface water source located in Bedford County east of Vinton. It covers 21 acres and stores 85-million gallons of water at full pond. It is fed by Beaverdam Creek Reservoir, which covers 69 acres and stores 435-million gallons of water at full pond.

How is it treated? The treatment process of this water source is similar to that of Spring Hollow Treatment Facility. The treatment capacity is 1.5-million gallons a day. Sodium hydroxide is added for corrosion control and zinc ortho-phosphate is used as a corrosion inhibitor.

Where does it serve? Falling Creek Water Treatment Facility serves King Street northeast to Route 460, along Route 24 to 13th Street and east on Route 24 to Stewartsville.

The Water Authority has tested for volatile organics (VOCs) at Falling Creek, and they all met current state and federal standards for drinking water. Carbon Tetrachloride was detected (0.89 ppb). The MCL for Carbon Tetrachloride is 5 ppb.

Water treated at the Falling Creek Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

34

Beaverdam Creek/Falling Creek Source Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Creek Data Violation Falling (range) average

Substance

Units

Chlorate

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

Chlorine

ppm

4 - MRDL

no

(1.2 - 1.4) 1.3

Chlorite

ppm

Fluoride

ppm

0.8

no

N/A

4

4

no

(0.59 - 0.67) 0.62

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(0.91 - 1.62) 1.26

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.49

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.012

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(25-62) LRAA range (16-89) site range

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(14-47) LRAA range (6-68) site range

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

(6.5 - 7.5) 7.3

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.08 - 0.82) 0.20

no

0

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

< 0.5

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.8

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile=2.4 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile=0.62 ppm

Roanoke Area Systems

Most Recent Monitoring Period

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(0.006 - 0.203) 0.03

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(0.008 - 0.015) 0.01

5

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

n/a

0.35

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(18 - 19) 18

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(16 - 22) 18

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(0.2 - 0.24) 0.23

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

68

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

n/a

9.8

35

Spring Hollow Reservoir & Treatment Facility The water source for this system comes from the Roanoke River and is pumped into the Spring Hollow Reservoir, a 3.2-billion gallon side-stream storage reservoir.

How is it treated? Water is withdrawn from the reservoir, oxygenated and treated with chlorine dioxide to oxidize dissolved organic matter, iron and manganese. Treatment at the Spring Hollow Treatment Facility includes clarification, filtration, chlorine disinfection and fluoridation. The Spring Hollow Water Treatment Facility currently has the capacity to treat 18-million gallons of water a day and can be expanded to 36-million gallons a day. Treated water is stored in a two-million gallon storage tank then pumped through the north and south transmission lines to the distribution system. The current usage averages 4.25-million gallons a day. During an emergency, standby wells may be used to supplement the source water.

Where does it serve? Spring Hollow supplies water to various neighborhoods in Roanoke County and Franklin County through the southern transmission lines. The northern transmission

36

lines run along I-81 and serve the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County.

Water treated at the Spring Hollow Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Spring Hollow Source Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Spring Hollow Data (range) average

ppm

0.8

no

(ND - 0.06) 0.02

Chlorine

ppm

4 - MRDL

no

(1.1 - 1.2) 1.2

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

no

(ND - 0.7) 0.01

Substance

Units

Chlorate

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.68 - 0.8) 0.71

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(0.85 - 1.27) 1.06

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.32

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.03

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(25-62) LRAA range (16-89) site range

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(14-47) LRAA range (6-68) site range

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

(7.5 - 7.8) 7.7

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.14 - 0.4) 0.3

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

4

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

1

< 0.9

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

no

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

2.4

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile=2.4 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile=0.62 ppm

0.3

n/a

ND

0.05

n/a

0.0007

5

n/a

ND

Roanoke Area Systems

Most Recent Monitoring Period

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(127 - 133) 131

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(152 - 159) 156

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

n/a

0.08

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

298.8

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

n/a

5.74

37

City of Salem Source The Western Virginia Water Authority contracts with the City of Salem to purchase water to supply Robin Hood Park and other areas around West Main Street and Riverside Drive in Roanoke County.

If you have any questions about this data, please contact the City of Salem Water Department at 375-3029. If you want to learn more about this source, please attend any of the regularly scheduled Salem City Council meetings. They are held on the second and fourth Monday of each month in council chambers.

The City of Salem Water Department routinely monitors for contaminants in your drinking water mandated by Federal and State laws. The following table shows the results of monitoring for the period of January 1st to December 31st, 2015.

The Virginia Department of Health has completed a source water assessment for Salemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s waterworks system.

This assessment provides information on possible sources of contamination to our source water. As determined by the source water assessment, the possibility of contamination to our water source (Roanoke River) is high. This is due to the fact that surface water is exposed to an inconsistent array of contaminants at varying concentrations due to changing hydrologic, hydraulic and atmospheric conditions with land use activities of concern in the assessment area. To view a copy of this water assessment, please contact the City of Salem Water Department office at 540-375-3029.

38

City of Salem Source Substance

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Ideal Goals (EPAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s MCL)

Violation

City of Salem Data (range) average

4 - MRDL

no

(0.92 - 2.14)

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

no

(0.23 - 0.83)

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

TT

N/A

no

(0.73 - 1.53)

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

no

0.35

Barium

ppm

2

2

no

0.04

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

no

(11.7 - 65.0)

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

no

(14.9 - 47.0)

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

no

(7.20 - 7.96)

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.3

no

(0.02 - 0.12)

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

no

0

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

no

0

Most Recent Monitoring Period pCi/L

0

15

no

< 0.9

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

no

1.5

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

no

< 0.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 7.7 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

no

0 exceeded the AL 90th percentile = 0.09 ppm

0.3

n/a

< 0.05

0.05

n/a

0.01

5

n/a

< 0.01

Roanoke Area Systems

Gross Alpha

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(90 - 187)

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(123- 239)

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

n/a

< 0.05

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Cryptosporidium Giardia lamblia

Oocysts per 10 L Cysts per 1L

0

99% removal by filtration plus addition as required under the LT2ESWTR

0

99.9% removal or inactivation

no

5.94 1-2 (untreated water)

no

0.2 - 0.7 (untreated water)

39

Community Well Systems Martin Creek System Seven wells supply this groundwater source, which is disinfected with chlorine prior to distribution. Water is distributed throughout the community by two storage tanks and distribution piping consisting of 8-inch, 6-inch and 4-inch pipe. The total source/ pump capacity is equal to 76,000 gallons per day. Current usage is approximately 23,600 gallons per day. This system supplies water to the Forest Edge and Carriage Hills areas. In May 2015, a new tank was installed at Carriage Hills. Non-compliance VOC samples were collected of which there was a detection of VOCs, all of which were below the maximimum contaminant level.

Delaney Court System One well supplies this groundwater source, and it is disinfected with chlorine prior to distribution. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank, a booster pump station and distribution piping consisting of 8-inch and 12-inch pipe. The total source/pump capacity is equal to 43,200 gallons per day. Current usage is approximately 6,750 gallons per day.

This system supplies water to the Delaney Court subdivision.

40

Country Hills System Groundwater obtained from one well is the source for this system. Chlorine is used to disinfect the water prior to distribution. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping consisting of 6-inch, 4-inch and 2-inch pipe. The total source/pump capacity is equal to 43,200 gallons per day. Usage in 2015 was approximately 1,200 gallons per day.

Wells The Authority maintains over 72 wells in the distribution area.

While many of these wells are inactive, they offer an additional supply of water if needed. Wells in service 2015* - LaBellevue 7, Longridge 2, Muse Spring, North Lakes 6, Starkey 1A, Starkey 2 and Starkey 3.

The Water Authority has tested for volatile organics (VOCs), pesticides and synthetic organic compounds (SOCs), all of which met with current state and federal standards for drinking water. Selenium was detected (1.6 ppb) in the Martin Creek Well 10 (Carriage Hills) on February 14, 2013. Total Xylene has a primary maximum contaminate level (PMCL) of 10,000 ppb.

Total Xylene was detected in Country Hills with a level of 0.48 ppb. Ethylbenzene has a PMCL of 700 ppb. Ethylbenzene was detected in Country Hills with a level of 0.24 ppb.

Community Well Systems Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Country Hills

Delaney Court

Martin Creek

Wells*

4 - MRDL

(0.71 - 1.48)

(0.54 - 1.51)

(0.62 - 1.48)

(0.56 - 1.59)

4

4

0.42

0.53

(0.2 - 1.6) 0.7

(0.08 - 0.84) 0.36

ppm

10

10

0.64

1.76

(0.03 - 0.95) 0.49

(ND - 0.82) 0.32

Barium

ppm

2

2

0.002

0.002

(0.002 - 0.03) 0.01

(0.002 - 0.14) 0.05

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

3.12

15.1

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

ND

14.8

pH

pH units

7.11

6.78

(6.4 - 7.6) 7.2

(7.41 - 8.00) 7.64

Turbidity

NTU

TT

0.037

0.086

(0.06 - 0.11) 0.08

(0.05 - 0.65) 0.21

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

0

0

0

N/A

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

0

0

0

N/A

Substance

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Fluoride

ppm

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

6.5 - 8.5

Most Recent Monitoring Period pCi/L

0

15

3.3

0.6

(ND - < 1.7)

(ND - 2.1)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

3.6

1.9

(< 1.1 - 3.3)

(ND - 4.5)

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

0.29/0.88

(ND - 1.1)

<0.6

(ND - < 0.7) 90th percentile = 3.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

90th percentile = 2.0

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

90th percentile = 0.23

90th percentile = 0.18

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

0.3

ND

ND

(ND - 3.17) 0.54

(ND - 0.17) 0.004

Manganese

ppm

0.05

ND

0.0007

(0.0002 0.003) 0.009

(ND - 0.05) 0.01

5

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

0.023

0.0046

(ND - 0.22) 0.8

(ND - 0.07) 0.01

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

74

100

(112 - 188) 171

(111 - 180) 140

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

114

104

(130 -290) 221

(120 - 186) 153 ND

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

ND

ND

(ND - 0.1) 0.003

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

243

228

(318 - 521) 426

(260 - 406) 335

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

7.22

8.88

(13.4 - 27.9) 19.5

(3.22 - 12.6) 8.24

Roanoke Area Systems

Gross Alpha

Botetourt County On July 1, 2015, Botetourt County consolidated its utility system with the Western Virginia Water Authority. This joinder allowed for the expansion of the Carvins Cove service area to include customers in the former Greenfield and Tinkerview Garden well service areas. The water quality of Carvins Cove, particularly in terms of the mineral content, is more beneficial to meeting the needs of industries and residents.

A new water pumping station that allowed drinking water from the Carvins Cove Reservoir to serve customers along the Roanoke Road corridor to Greenfield began pumping water to the Greenfield water storage tank December 12, 2015. In January 2016 an interconnection was made to allow customers in the Tinkerview Gardens area to receive Carvins Cove water, and their former wells were taken out of service.

42

Water Main

Botetourt Area Water Systems

Water Sources

BL UE

1

RI DG E

Carvins Cove BR UG HS

Dal-Nita Hills Griffith Park Glen Wilton

G UR SB CK A BL

Greenfield Keswick Farms

M

ILL

2

Spring Hollow Tinkerview

BOTETOURT COUNTY

Walnut Manor

Reservoirs

CA TA W

Carvins Cove BA

TOWN OF TROUTVILLE

VAL L EY

BEDFORD COUNTY

Carvins Cove

WN TO

IL TO W G LE N

W W ES T IN D

INS

L EL W AD SH

L CA RO

M IL DR ED L

R RA M A MP P

R BE TIM

ROANOKE COUNTY

CA RO

BO

TE TO UR T

2

43

Botetourt County Systems

OD WO

MA IN

DA LE

PR IC BL ES UF F

FIE L

N

1

HO LL

´

0 0.25 0.5 Miles

Greenfield & Tinkerview Gardens Greenfield

Source Water Assessments

Prior to December 2015, customers in Greenfield and along the southern end of US Route 220 to the I-81 exit 150 interchange received drinking water from two groundwater wells: Well 3 and Well 4. The well water was chlorinated before entering the distribution system.

Water is now provided from the water treatment plant that treats surface water from Carvins Cove Reservoir. Customers from the I-81 exit 150 interchange, south along US Route 11, continue to receive water from the water treatment plant that treats surface water from Carvins Cove Reservoir.

A source water assessment has been completed by VDH. The assessment determined that the wells may be susceptible to contamination because they are located in an area that promotes migration of contaminants with land use activities of concern. A source water assessment for the Western Virginia Water Authority Treatment Plant determined that the Authorityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s water source may be susceptible to contaminants at varying concentrations and changing hydrologic, hydraulic, and atmospheric conditions that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern within the assessment area. More specific information may be obtained by contacting the Western Virgnia Water Authority at 853.5700.

Tinkerview Gardens Prior to the interconnection being made in January to provide water from Carvins Cove, customers in Tinkerview Gardens received drinking water from groundwater obtained from two drilled wells. Usually only Well 3 was used, but an emergency connection to the Greenfield water system did exist. Storage was provided by a concrete reservoir. Water was distributed throughout the system by a booster pumping station and a hydropneumatic (pressure) tank. Treatment was provided for Well 3; chlorination equipment at the well house disinfected the water before entering the reservoir. Water is now provided from the water treatment plant that treats surface water from Carvins Cove Reservoir.

44

Greenfield & Tinkerview Gardens Wells and Carvins Cove Source Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

WVWA Source

ppm

0.8

(0.03 - 0.1) 0.06

ppm

4 - MRDL

(1.1 - 1.4) 1.2

Substance

Units

Chlorate Chlorine

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Greenfield Wells

Tinkerview Gardens Wells

(0.30 - 2.6) 1.45

(0.2 - 1.1) 0.65

1.52

1.16

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

(ND - 0.11) 0.02

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

(0.60 - 0.69) 0.66

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

ND

ND

0.53

Barium

ppm

2

2

0.05

0.07

0.04

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

(16-117) site range

2.86

ND - 1.28

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

(6-68) site range

3.73

8.54 - 35.6

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

(7.5 - 7.7) 7.6

7.4

7.37

Turbidity

NTU

TT

(0.09 - 0.2) 0.12

8.81

2.34

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >1 sample per month

4

0

0

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

0

0

0

- 0.78

13.3

< 1.5

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

1.5

9.8

1.4

Radium 228

pCi/L

0

5

0.03/0.79

4.5

< 0.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.4 ppb

0 samples exceeded AL

0 samples exceeded AL

Level Found 1.8

Level Found 5.9

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.62 ppm

0 samples exceeded AL

0 samples exceeded AL

Level Found 0.5

Level Found 0.14

Other Parameters ppm

0.3

(0.01 - 0.02) 0.02

0.40

< 0.05

ppm

0.05

(0.00057 - 0.01) 0.007

< 0.01

< 0.01

ND

0.03

< 0.01

(41 - 48) 44

295

284

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

5

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

(49 - 55) 52

688

696

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

(0.21 - 0.33) 0.27

< 0.05

< 0.05

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

130.1

1140

1150

There were no water quality violations for the Greenfield wells or Tinkerview Gardens wells for calendar year 2015. Data for these wells is included in the chart above as well as data for the current source of water, Carvins Cove. Please see page 28 of this report for complete information on the Carvins Cove Reservoir and Treatment Facility.

45

Botetourt County Systems

Iron Manganese

Botetourt County Well Systems The Western Virginia Water Authority operates five well systems in Botetourt County: Dal-Nita Hills, Glen Wilton, Griffith Park, Keswick Farms and Walnut Manor. All of the well systems are in full compliance and the testing results indicate that all contaminants are below the maximum contaminant level as set forth by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Water quality data for calendar year 2015 or the most recent testing period for those systems is presented on the next two pages as (range) or average. Please see page 7 for more information on Lead and Copper.

Source Water Assessments

A source water assessment for each of these well systems has been completed by the Virginia Department of Health. The assessment determined that the wells may be susceptible to contamination because they are located in an area that promotes migration of contaminants with land use activities of concern. More specific information may be obtained by contacting the Western Virgnia Water Authority at 853.5700.

Dal-Nita Hills

Water from Dal-Nita Hills well comes from a groundwater well and is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. A source water assessment for the Dal-Nita Hills well has been completed by the the Virginia Department of Health. The assessment determined that the well may be susceptible to contamination because it is located in an area that promotes migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

46

Glen Wilton

Your drinking water is groundwater and can be obtained from three wells. All wells are treated for iron and manganese removal by chemical precipitation and filtration and chlorine for disinfection. Wells 1 and 2 have higher levels of iron and manganese and these wells are normally not used. Well 3 is the primary source. Water is pumped from the treatment building to the storage tank and distribution piping.

Griffith Park

Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is pumped from the well to a metal storage tank behind the well house.

A booster pump in the well house draws water from the tank and sends it to a pressure tank (also in the well house) and then throughout the community. Treatment is provided for iron and manganese. A small pump in the well house feeds a blend of orthophosphate and polyphosphate to sequester iron and manganese. Chlorine feed equipment was installed to continuously disinfect the water.

Tests for volatile organics (VOCs), pesticides and synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water. Total Xylene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 10 ppm. Total Xylene was detected at Griffith Park with a level of 0.0012 ppm. Antimony has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 0.006 ppm. Antimony was detected at Griffith Park with a level of 0.001 ppm. Beryllium has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 0.004 ppm. Beryllium was detected at Griffith Park with a level of 0.00009 ppm. Chromium has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 0.1 ppm. Chromium was detected at Griffith Park with a level of 0.00049 ppm.

Wells in Botetourt Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Dal-Nita Hills Well

Glen Wilton Wells

Griffith Park Well

4 - MRDL

(0.2 - 2.2) 1.2

(0.2 - 0.9) 0.55

(0.2 - 0.16) 0.9

4

< 0.2

< 0.2

0.14

10

10

3.11

< 0.05

0.99

2

2

0.04

0.09

0.128

ppb

0

80

<1

3.53

< 80

ppb

0

60

1.3

3.87

7.3

6.5 - 8.5

6.96

6.32

7.4

8.15

16.8

0

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

0

0

0

< 0.9

Substance

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Fluoride

ppm

4

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

Barium

ppm

TTHMs HAA5s pH

pH units

Turbidity

NTU

TT

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in >1 sample per month

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

0

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

1.8

0

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

5.1

0.7

1.7

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

1.9

0.2

< 0.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

1

1

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0.048

0.31

0.282

Other Parameters ppm

0.3

< 0.1

1.07

Manganese

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

0.05

< 0.01

0.22

0.42

5

0.08

0.04

0.007

Alkalinity

ppm

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

421

112

151

unregulated

503

134

208

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

< 0.05

0.01

unregulated

1180

289

478

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

57.3

5.21

9.41

Please see page 46 for information on the Keswick Farms and Walnut Manor well systems.

47

Botetourt County Systems

Iron

Wells in Botetourt Substance

Units

Chlorine

ppm

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Keswick Farms Well

Walnut Manor Well

4 - MRDL

(0.2 - 2.1) 1.15

(0.2 - 2.2) 1.2

Fluoride

ppm

4

4

0.38

2.3

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

10

10

2.03

(0.27 - 0.41)

Barium

ppm

2

2

0.16

0.14

TTHMs

ppb

0

80

0.26

6.06

HAA5s

ppb

0

60

< 0.5

11.7

pH

pH units

6.5 - 8.5

7.06

7.09

Turbidity

NTU

TT

ND

3.28

Total Coliforms

P/A

0

Presence of coliform bacteria in > 1 sample per month

0

0

0

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

0

0

Fecal Coliforms

P/A

Most Recent Monitoring Period Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0

15

<2

(2.3 - 6.9)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

0

50

1.1

(0.7 - 15.9)

Radium 226/228

pCi/L

0

5

< 0.7

(1.9 - 2.8)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0.3

< 0.005

0.162

0.05

< 0.005

< 0.01

5

< 0.005

0.219

Other Parameters Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

323

354

Hardness

ppm

unregulated

388

412

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

unregulated

< 0.05

Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

unregulated

740

Sodium

ppm

unregulated

Keswick Farms

Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

48

< 0.005

Walnut Manor

2.41

Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

View from the Carvins Cove Dam - 1926

View from the Carvins Cove Dam - 2016

Botetourt County Systems

The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to share this 2016 water quality report. For more information on drinking water safety, please contact:

Western Virginia Water Authority 853.5700 info@westernvawater.org