Chapter 1 1. What is the definition of health? a. The absence of disease or infirmity b. Physical and mental well-being c. Social well-being
*d. All of the above
2. The environmental determinants of health a. are the physical dimensions of an individual’s existence.
*b. have a greater impact on health than the medical care systemdoes. c. have only a direct impact on health. d. None of the above
3. Which of the following is a key healthcare reform initiative thatbecame US
federal law? a. Health Care Freedom Act b. American Health Care Act
*c. Affordable Care Act d. Better Care Reconciliation Act
4. Which of the following is not a component of socioeconomic status? a. Income b. Education
*c. Race d. Occupational status
5. Which of the following countries has the highest per capitahealthcare
expenditures? a. Australia
*b. United States c. Japan d. Netherlands
6. Which of the following statements best describes public health? a. It is a component of medical care. b. It operates on a small scale.
*c. It includes preventing diseases and promoting good healthwithin communities and populations. d. It is intended for the treatment of diseases.
7. Which of the following is a prominent theory of disease causality? a. Lifestyle theory b. Germ theory c. Environmental theory
*d. All of the above
8. What is the primary goal of healthcare reform in the United States? a. To allocate resources across care settings b. To enhance healthcare services delivery
*c. To make health insurance more available d. To bring together stakeholders and policymakers 9. In healthcare, “agency relationship” refers to
*a. a relationship between a patient and a provider in which the patient delegates authority to the provider to make decisions andperform actions on the patient’s behalf. b. patients’ tendency to refer to and incorporate the decisions of healthcare providers in their own decision making. c. the referral of patients to specialists by primary careproviders. d. None of the above
10. Which of the following statements best describes health policy? a. It is policy related to the financing, delivery, andgovernance of
health services for the populations and subpopulations within a jurisdiction. b. It is a regulation that imposes restrictions for the purposeof controlling the behavior of a target group. *c. It is legislation over individuals, organizations, andsociety aimed at improving the health of populations and subpopulations. d. It cannot be established by the private sector.
11. What is the definition of healthcare policy?
*a. It is policy related to the financing, delivery, andgovernance of health services for the populations and subpopulations within a jurisdiction. b. It is a regulation that imposes restrictions for the purposeof controlling the behavior of a target group. c. It is legislation over individuals, organizations, and societyaimed at improving the health of populations and subpopulations. d. None of the above
12. Which of the following is not an example of regulatory policy? a. Prohibition of smoking in public places b. Legislation protecting customers from excessive premiums c. Licensure requirements for medical professionals
*d. Medicaid
13. Which of the following is a distributive policy?
*a. Funding of medical research through the National Institutesof Health b. Medicaid c. Processes related to the approval of new drugs d. Social welfare programs
14. Which of the following statements best describes stakeholders? a. They are entities or individuals who have a direct role in thedevelopment of
policy. b. They have equal influence in different types of politicalsystems. c. They primarily influence the formulation of health policy. *d. They have a stronger influence on policymaking when theirpositions converge.
15. Which of the following statements is not true about mental health? a. Mental health disorders are the second leading nationwideburden on
health and productivity. b. It is measured by mental health conditions, perceptions,satisfaction, and services received. *c. Only two-thirds of adults diagnosed with a mental healthdisorder receive any treatment. d. Untreated mental illness is associated with social problems inboth public and private settings.
16. Individuals have equal control over the three categories ofbehavioral risk
factors. a. True
*b. False
17. The less control individuals have over the behavioral risk factors,the more
regulations the government tends to enforce (with a few exceptions, such as regulations over illegal drugs). *a. True b. False
18. Behavioral risk factors are related to socioeconomic status.
*a. True b. False
19. The habit of cigarette smoking is considered a leisure activityrisk. a. True
*b. False
20. Social contacts and social resources are among the determinants ofhealth.
*a. True b. False
21. Policymakers tend to be most responsive to the views and wishes ofconstituents
who are politically active. *a. True b. False
22. The significance of a health policy is unrelated to the severity ofthe health problem
it is targeting. a. True
*b. False 23. Physicians’ decisions typically reflect their own self-interests,the interests of
patients, and payers’ incentives. *a. True b. False
24. Regulatory policy is one of the major types of health policy in theUS.
*a. True b. False
25. Sociocultural norms are considered a broad determinant of healthpolicy.
*a. True b. False
26. The determinants of health policy include potential solutions to a health problem,
stakeholders’ influence, policymakers’ leadership role,and the prevalence of the health problem in other countries. a. True
*b. False
27. Because private policy affects private organizations only, it isnot influenced by
public policy. a. True
*b. False
28. Physicians who treat members of a health maintenance organization (HMO) have
an incentive to order more tests, perform more procedures, and lengthen hospital stays. a. True
*b. False
29. Health policy addressing a particular problem will not appear on
the policy agenda without the approval of the governing body’s leader. *a. True b. False
30. Lobbying by organized interest groups is a common component of thepolitical
process in a democracy. *a. True b. False
Chapter 2 1. The legislative branch of the US federal government is a. the House of Representatives. b. the Senate.
*c. the US Congress. d. None of the above
2. Which of the following is not a power of the US Congress? a. The power to use any reasonable means not directly prohibitedby the
Constitution to carry out the will of the people *b. The power to declare that federal or state laws areunconstitutional c. The power to tax d. The power to allocate funds and restrict the manner in whichstates use those funds
3. The capacity to enforce legislation on behalf of the government asgranted by the
Constitution is called a. agenda setting.
*b. statutory authority. c. tabling legislation. d. veto.
4. The executive branch at the federal level a. is made up of the US court system. b. has the power to tax.
*c. can establish rules and regulations to implement statutes andlaws. d. crafts legislation independent of the administration’s interests.
5. In 1965, for the first time in US history, the government assumed responsibility
for a part of the healthcare costs of the elderly and the poor, through all of the following legislation except what? a. Medicaid
*b. Social Security c. Medicare Part A d. Medicare Part B
6. Which of the following is part of the Health Insurance Portabilityand
Accountability Act?