CHAPTER 1 TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) Leadership is increasingly moving from an empowering, participatory model to an autocratic, hierarchical model. ⊚ ⊚
true false
2) When people are asked to define integrity, the word they mention most frequently is honesty. ⊚ ⊚
3)
true false
Caring leadership cannot be legislated, and it cannot be an act. ⊚ ⊚
true false
4) Unlike leadership, the primary purpose of management is to foster motivation and creativity. ⊚ ⊚
true false
5) In the context of the key areas of leadership, the empowerment of people involves fostering a high-performance culture through participative leadership and service to others. ⊚ ⊚
true false
MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 6) The Jack Welch Management Institute reports that:
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A) the weakest link in business, industry, and government is the skills of employees. B) formal education is highly unlikely to develop the most-cited qualities people want in their leaders. C) importance of good leadership and job performance are mutually exclusive. D) more than one-half of working adults have suffered under a bad boss at some point in their career.
7)
Which of the following is the weakest link in business, industry, and government today? A) Technology B) Tools and equipment C) Physical plant and facilities D) Systems and procedures E) Leadership
8)
Which of the following best describes leadership? A) Adherence to performance standards B) Influencing the behaviors of others through ideas and deeds C) Evaluating a course of action D) Seeking direction from others E) Writing and speaking effectively
9)
Satisfactions of leaders include: A) personal freedom. B) high income and good health. C) opportunities for advancement and love and admiration of friends. D) a chance to help others. E) opportunities to control resources and aesthetic experiences.
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10)
Frustrations of leaders include both: A) organizational politics and loneliness. B) insufficient authority and too much power. C) uncompensated work time and customer interference. D) loneliness and vendor demands. E) organizational politics and personal needs.
11)
Which of the following best describes caring leadership? A) Caring about the task to be done and caring about people B) Caring about self-advancement and caring about the task to be done C) Caring about the welfare of others and caring about self-advancement D) Caring about the task to be done and caring about personal well-being E) None of the answers is correct.
12)
By their __________, leaders show the way and influence the behavior of others. A) ideas and deeds B) humor or study C) fear and force D) books or speeches
13)
The poem _________ reminds us that leadership must come from the heart. A) "The Raven" B) "Threads" C) "Needles" D) "The Road Not Taken"
14)
In the context of the types of leaders, who among the following are teachers?
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A) Rumi and Yoritomo B) Aquinas and Watt C) Confucius and Plato D) Hippocrates and Saladin E) None of the answers is correct.
15) Unlike today, which of the following conditions most likely had an impact on leadership in earlier times? A) Mass education was unknown. B) Powerful positions were in abundance. C) Self-expression was encouraged. D) Information was everywhere.
16)
In American society, Rosa Parks's courage helped determine the course of __________. A) economic theories B) art appreciation C) science and technology D) civil rights E) religious thoughts
17) The Scottish philosopher and historian Thomas Carlyle believed that among the undistinguished masses are people of light and learning, individuals superior in power, courage, and understanding. Which of the following views is most likely reflected by Carlyle? A) The great man theory B) The heroic theory C) The dual-process theory D) The cognitive resources theory (CRT)
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18) Ralph M. Stogdill identifies individual traits that correlate positively with leadership. These include: A) intelligence, hand strength, size, and birth order. B) height, gender, age, and experience. C) education, ability, aggressiveness, and cunningness. D) responsibility, vigor, venturesomeness, and self-confidence. E) training, motivation, need-deficiency, and skill.
19) Who among the following has conducted studies that show the influence of environmental factors and individual qualities in determining leadership effectiveness? A) Biologist Richard Borowsky B) Economist Paul Samuelson C) Psychologist B.F. Skinner D) Anthropologist Margaret Mead E) None of the answers is correct.
20)
In American society, the most-cited quality people want in a leader is __________. A) integrity B) job knowledge C) people-building skills D) extraversion
21) In American society, which of the following qualities is the third most-cited quality people want in a leader and is the ability to teach, counsel, and otherwise develop others to higher levels of performance?
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A) Practical ability B) Intrapersonal skills C) People-building skills D) Abstract visioning
22) Who, among the following, said "If you don't truly care about people, you should get out of leadership." A) Theodore Roosevelt B) James Autry C) Jan Carlzon D) Helen Keller
23) In addition to concern for others, which of the following aspects must be present for caring leadership to occur? A) Power and prestige B) Commitment to a task C) Uncompensated work time D) Order and control
24) Which of the following is captured by James Autry, former CEO of the Meredith Corporation, in his poem entitled "Threads"? A) The art of sewing the threads of a business together B) The spirit of a caring leader C) The message that one needs to thread personal life into work life for great success D) The message, "As you sow, so you reap" E) None of the answers is correct.
25)
The three types of leaders are:
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A) heroes, rulers, and teachers. B) democrats, republics, and capitalists. C) progressives, traditionalists, and moderates.
26)
In the context of the types of leaders, teachers: A) lead through personal accomplishments that require bravery, skill, and determination. B) guide others to make decisions. C) are rule breakers and value creators. D) lead through power and enforcement.
27) In the context of the types of leaders, which of the following most likely characterizes heroes? A) They govern by determining policy and making decisions. B) They are mentors who lead through insight, modeling, and the encouragement of others. C) They lead through power and enforcement. D) They are responsible for great causes and noble works.
28)
In the context of the types of leaders, who among the following are rulers? A) Buddha, Marx, and Aristotle B) Newton, Michelangelo, and Edison C) Elizabeth I, Napoleon, and Washington
29) In the context of the types of leaders, which of the following is most likely a characteristic of rulers?
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A) They inspire through manners and actions. B) They lead through personal examples and accomplishments. C) They are mentors who lead through insight, modeling, and the encouragement of others. D) They are authority figures who lead through power and enforcement.
30)
Unlike leadership, management: A) believes that focus on order and control should be avoided. B) primarily focuses on motivation and creativity. C) denotes formal authority and accountability is delegated. D) is the ability to influence the activity or behavior of people.
31)
Identify the primary purpose of leadership. A) To delegate accountability B) To provide order and consistency C) To produce change and movement D) To emphasize formal authority
32) Management involves four functions or processes first identified by Henri Fayol in 1916. Which of the following functions is most likely associated with aligning people and resources? A) Planning B) Controlling C) Organizing D) Directing
33) Which of the following best describes the central theme ofThe Convergence of Twain written by Thomas Hardy?
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A) Mark Twain had a crisis of conscience. B) Leadership is a poetic process. C) Qualities of individuals and environmental factors are important elements of leadership equation. D) None of the answers is correct.
34)
The political theorist Karl Marx observed that:
A) if an organization has strong leadership without management, performance continues to be consistent. B) people first and foremost want a leader who will be a mentor and developer of others. C) a great society requires leaders in business to think greatly of their functions. D) the way a society does its work shapes most of the other things the society believes and does.
35)
According to the Harvard philosopher Alfred North Whitehead, A) the primary purpose of management is to produce change and movement. B) the behavior of a community is largely dominated by the business mind. C) the second most-cited quality people want in a leader is honesty. D) the third most-cited place people say they learn to lead is from examples.
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Answer Key Test name: Chap 01_7e_Manning 1) FALSE 2) TRUE 3) TRUE 4) FALSE 5) TRUE 6) D 7) E 8) B 9) D 10) A 11) A 12) A 13) B 14) C 15) A 16) D 17) A 18) D 19) A 20) A 21) C 22) B 23) B 24) B 25) A 26) C Version 1
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27) D 28) C 29) D 30) C 31) C 32) C 33) C 34) D 35) B
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CHAPTER 2 TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) In the case study,Mr. Black, Ms. Blue, and Mr. White, the three supervisors have poor time management, exhibit bullying behavior, and lack job knowledge. ⊚ ⊚
true false
2) Behavioral leadership theories assume that there are distinctive actions that effective leaders take. ⊚ ⊚
true false
3) The four cornerstones of Ernest Shackleton's leadership behavior are leading by example, communicating a vision, keeping up morale, and maintaining a positive attitude. ⊚ ⊚
true false
4) The characteristics of charismatic leaders include being experienced, having technical knowledge, and having a strong need for control. ⊚ ⊚
5)
true false
James MacGregor Burns uses Gandhi as an example of a transactional leader. ⊚ ⊚
true false
MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 6) Early studies of leadership were based on two main theories, which were __________ theories.
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A) ancient and modern B) male and female C) centralized and decentralized D) trait and behavior E) time-sensitive and timeless
7)
Which of the following are almost always included in lists of important leadership traits? A) Basic intelligence B) Clear and strong values C) A high level of personal energy D) All of the answers are correct.
8)
Which of the following statements is true about the trait theory of leadership?
A) It rejects the idea that there is one best leader and one best style for all situations. B) It states that there are distinctive actions that effective leaders take. C) It rejects the idea that distinctive physical and psychological characteristics account for leadership effectiveness. D) It focuses on qualities that mark a leader, such as intelligence, integrity, and energy.
9) Edwin Ghiselli identified six traits as being important for effective leadership. Which of the following best describes supervisory ability? A) Being a self-starter B) Having good reasoning and thinking capacity C) Making difficult decisions without undue hesitation D) Getting the job done through others
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10) Sean, a sales manager at MusicForAll Inc., constantly seeks responsibility and works hard to succeed at his workplace. In the context of Edwin Ghiselli's traits for effective leadership, which of the following traits is most likely illustrated by Sean's behavior in this scenario? A) Neuroticism B) Initiative C) Supervisory ability D) Need for achievement
11) Which of the following theories focuses on leadership style, such as autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire, as well as leadership dimensions, such as initiating structure and showing consideration? A) The behavior theory of leadership B) The trait theory of leadership C) The great man theory D) The dual-process theory
12) In the context of leadership styles, which of the following statements is true about the autocratic style? A) Emphasis is on equality and group decision making. B) It refers to an empowering and participative style of leadership. C) Group activities are loosely controlled by the leader of the group. D) All decisions are made by the leader of the group.
13) In the context of leadership styles, the laissez-faire style pertains to a form or style of leadership:
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A) that is characterized by low levels of any kind of activity by the leader. B) in which focus is on equality, shared power, and group decision making. C) where all decisions are made by the leader of the group. D) in which power is exercised by a dominant and dictatorial individual.
14) Which of the following dimensions of leadership behavior refers to the extent to which leaders take action to define the relationship between themselves and their staff, as well as the role that they expect each staff member to assume? A) Showing consideration B) Initiating structure C) Goal emphasis D) Work facilitation
15) In the context of the managerial (leadership) grid for leadership effectiveness, which of the following managers has low concern for both production and people? A) The status quo manager B) The sweatshop manager C) The impoverished manager D) The country club manager
16) In the context of the managerial (leadership) grid for leadership effectiveness, which of the following statements is true about country club managers? A) They focus on being agreeable and keeping human relations smooth. B) They are results driven, and people are regarded as tools to that end. C) They are uninvolved in the work and withdraw from people. D) They care intensely about task accomplishment.
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17) Who among the following once said, "THE EAR OF THE LEADER must ring with the voices of the people"? A) George Patton B) Will Durant C) Kurt Lewin D) Woodrow Wilson E) None of the answers is correct.
18) Daphne, a marketing manager at Bill Boards Inc., is results driven and regards her team members as tools to achieve her targets. In the context of the managerial (leadership) grid for leadership effectiveness, Daphne most likely exemplifies the __________ in this scenario. A) impoverished manager B) sweatshop manager C) fully functioning manager D) status quo manager
19) Which of the following theories holds that multiple leadership variables determine the probability that leadership will occur, including the qualities of a leader, the characteristics of followers, and the nature of a situation? A) Leadership trait theory B) Leadership behavior theory C) Leadership contingency theory D) Implicit leadership theory
20) Edwin Ghiselli identified six traits as being important for effective leadership. These traits do NOT include __________.
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A) need for achievement B) intelligence C) decisiveness D) self-confidence E) social status
21) Edwin Ghiselli identified six traits as being important for effective leadership. Which of the following is NOT one of them? A) Supervisory ability B) Initiative C) Intelligence D) Strong ego
22)
The cornerstones of Shackleton's leadership behavior do NOT include __________. A) leading by example B) communicating a vision C) keeping records D) maintaining a positive attitude
23)
Unlike transformational leaders, transactional leaders: A) increase the achievement of followers beyond previous expectations. B) focus on the potentialities of the relationship between the leader and followers. C) tap the motives of their followers to better reach the goals of both. D) focus on exchanges between leaders and followers.
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24) An ideal example of a transformational leader is __________. Her mission was to care for the hungry, the naked, the homeless, the crippled, the blind, the lepers, all those people who feel unwanted, unloved, uncared for throughout society, people who have become a burden to the society and are shunned by everyone. A) Eleanor Roosevelt B) Saint Teresa C) Clara Barton D) Florence Nightingale
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Answer Key Test name: Chap 02_7e_Manning 1) FALSE 2) TRUE 3) TRUE 4) FALSE 5) FALSE 6) D 7) D 8) D 9) D 10) D 11) A 12) D 13) A 14) B 15) C 16) A 17) D 18) B 19) C 20) E 21) D 22) C 23) D 24) B
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CHAPTER 3 TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) Narcissism is a particularly destructive leadership quality. ⊚ ⊚
true false
2) Narcissists blame themselves for the failure of their companies and tend to apologize even when others are at fault. ⊚ ⊚
true false
3) An individual who scores 1.0–2.0 on the Interpersonal Trust Scale believes that the best course of action is self-protection. ⊚ ⊚
true false
4) The leader of a small organization devotes efforts primarily to the organization's public image and its investment and growth plans. ⊚ ⊚
true false
5) Generally, leader-centered decision making is more effective than employee-centered decision making when there is an increased sense of urgency. ⊚ ⊚
true false
6) Leadership studies show that, generally, a nondirective and supportive approach is best when the work to be done is clear-cut, routine, or monotonous. ⊚ ⊚
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7) People who respect authority figures and have a trusting nature are led more easily than people who disregard authorities and are suspicious of others. ⊚ ⊚
true false
8) People who have highly developed bodily-kinesthetic abilities include carpenters, soldiers, mechanics, dancers, gymnasts, swimmers, and other athletes. ⊚ ⊚
9)
People who have visual-spatial intelligence like to draw, build, design, and create things. ⊚ ⊚
10)
true false
true false
Body language can be used to communicate and even create self-confidence. ⊚ ⊚
true false
MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 11) Qualities that mark a leader and help influence the leadership process include all of the following EXCEPT __________. A) vision and enthusiasm B) stability and concern for others C) self-confidence and persistence D) vitality and integrity E) hearing and size
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12) Antoine de Saint-Exupéry once commented on the __________, saying, "A rock pile ceases to be a rock pile the moment a single man contemplates it, bearing within him the image of a cathedral." A) imaginative nature of vision B) fact that all great leaders are builders C) principle that only a man can be a leader D) need for leading from a sound foundation E) need for motivation
13) In the context of the 10 qualities that mark a leader and help influence the leadership process, identify the first requirement for a leader. A) An innate and learned competency B) A strong sense of purpose C) Concern for others D) Strength and stamina to fulfill the tasks of leadership
14) In the context of enthusiasm, a quality that marks a leader and helps influence the leadership process, who among the following said, "The successful man has enthusiasm. Good work is never done in cold blood; heat is needed to forge anything. Every great achievement is the story of a flaming heart"? A) Martin Luther King B) George Patton C) Harry Truman D) Colin Powell E) Eleanor Roosevelt
15) According to Roger Staubach, which of the following is the key to self-confidence in leadership?
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20) In the context of the strategies for dealing with change, which of the following phases of the attitude curve includes fact-finding and visioning an ideal future? A) The denial phase B) The resistance phase C) The commitment phase D) The exploration phase
21) In the context of the attitude curve in response to change, which of the following is a characteristic of the resistance phase? A) Unpleasant thoughts are ignored or dismissed in favor of more satisfying thoughts. B) Security and other needs are threatened, so overt defenses are employed. C) There is recognition that something must be done. D) Dedication continues until a new change occurs.
22) Depression and loss of sharpness in thinking and feeling are symptoms of __________ fatigue. A) physical B) spiritual C) psychological D) None of the answers is correct.
23) In the context of burnout, which of the following refers to burnout victims who were once high performers but whose enthusiasm is gone? A) Midcareer coasters B) Burned-out Samaritans C) Overstressed students D) Mismatched people
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24) In the context of burnout, which of the following refers to burnout victims who do their job well but who do not like what they are doing? A) Overstressed students B) Midcareer coasters C) Mismatched people D) Superpeople
25) In the context of burnout, which of the following refers to burnout victims who want to do everything themselves because no one else can or will, and they have never let anyone down? A) Workaholics B) Midcareer coasters C) Mismatched people D) Superpeople
26) In the context of dealing with burnout, which of the following is most likely an example of a short-term action? A) Setting priorities B) Deep breathing C) Renewing commitments D) Clarifying values
27) In the context of dealing with burnout, which of the following is most likely an example of a long-term solution? A) Setting priorities B) Deep breathing C) Reducing workload D) Clarifying values
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28)
The seven rules to guide leaders in implementing change include: A) having a good reason for making a change. B) implementing change thoughtfully. C) telling the truth. D) waiting patiently for results. E) All of the answers are correct.
29) In the context of the attitude curve in response to change, which of the following is a characteristic of the denial phase? A) Unpleasant facts are ignored or dismissed in favor of more satisfying thoughts. B) Security and other needs are threatened, so overt defenses are employed. C) There is recognition that something must be done. D) Dedication continues until a new change occurs.
30) In the context of dealing with burnout, which of the following is most likely an example of an emergency aid? A) Taking care of one's body B) Renewing commitments C) Taking a physical retreat D) Reducing workload
31) In the context of dealing with burnout, which of the following is most likely an example of a long-term solution? A) Taking care of one's body B) Taking a physical retreat C) Engaging in positive self-talk D) Developing personal competencies
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32)
Sources of job stress for an increasing number of people are A) new technology. B) global competition. C) changing work systems. D) workforce diversity. E) All of the answers are correct.
33)
A blueprint for protecting the health and well-being of American workers includes: A) well-designed jobs. B) education of workers. C) evaluation systems. D) improved mental health services. E) All of the answers are correct.
34) In the context of the diffusion of innovation curve, the point at which an innovation or change is accepted by enough people for it to take root and grow is known as the: A) saddle point. B) tipping point. C) glass ceiling. D) transcritical bifurcation.
35)
Long-term solutions to avoiding burnout are: A) reducing workload and setting priorities. B) clarifying values and renewing commitments. C) talking with a friend and taking a physical retreat.
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36) In "100 Best Companies to Work For,"Fortune magazine cites __________ as the most important criterion. A) work–life balance B) location C) pay D) opportunity to advance
37)
The characteristics of a stress-resistant person include all but one of the following. A) Personal commitment B) Sense of control C) Positive attitude D) Balanced perspective E) Social status
38) In the context of stress resistance, the ability to transcend adversity and emerge stronger than before is known as: A) adaptive capacity. B) axiological arrest. C) cognitive dissonance. D) pragmatism.
39) According to the __________, people perform best when mental and physical arousals are moderate rather than extreme. A) Peter principle B) Yerkes–Dodson law C) peak-end rule D) Pygmalion effect
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40) In the context of recognizing stress across cultures, which of the following defines the Japanese termKaroshi? A) It is defined as a corrective action taken to support core values, such as truth, trust, and respect. B) It is behavior that violates organizational norms and threatens the well-being of the organization. C) It is a psychological discomfort experienced when attitudes and behavior are inconsistent. D) It is defined as a fatal mix of apoplexy, high blood pressure, and stress.
41)
Effective leaders of organizational change are A) contemplative and cautious. B) information providers on a need-to-know basis. C) boundary scanners and system thinkers. D) practitioners of power politics. E) determined to have their way.
42) According to research conducted by Japan's Institute of Public Health, patterns of work behavior that include extremely long hours that interfere with normal recovery and rest patterns and high-pressure work without breaks lead to the fatal: A) Angelman syndrome. B) hikikomori phenomenon. C) Karoshi syndrome. D) Kodokushi phenomenon.
43) In the context of managing people through change, which of the following is most likely a response of the top management to change?
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A) They feel threatened by changes announced. B) They feel pressure to implement organizational change. C) They are not willing to take initiative and be accountable for their actions. D) They expect employees to go along when a change is announced.
44)
The four stages in the typical path to burnout are: A) attention, intention, retention, and dismissal. B) enthusiasm, slowdown, stagnation, and apathy. C) start-up, build-up, keep-up, and breakdown. D) alarm, vigilance, exhaustion, and capitulation.
45) Two out of three employees say their __________ play(s) a bigger part in creating stress at work than any other personal, organizational, or environmental factor. A) co-workers B) schedule C) working conditions D) leader
46)
The five highest stress jobs in the United States for 2015 were A) enlisted soldier, fire fighter, newspaper reporter, airplane pilot, and police officer. B) accountant, sales person, researcher, repair professional, and IT professional. C) nurse, physician, medical technician, health sales person, and medical researcher. D) manager, supervisor, executive, director, and boss.
47) The Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard thought people could be divided into __________ and drivers; takers and givers.
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A) movers B) introverts C) extroverts D) drifters
48)
Benjamin Franklin prescribed taking time for: A) city, state, nation, family, friends, health, books, and rest. B) thinking, playing, reading, love, friends, laughter, giving, and working. C) exercise, eating, sleeping, music, art, theater, conversation, and statecraft. D) purpose, service, study, security, growth, maintenance, balance, and joy.
49) In which stage of Kotter's eight-stage process of creating major change should an organization examine the market and competitive realities and identify and discuss crises, potential crises, or major opportunities? A) Creating the guiding coalition B) Developing a vision and strategy C) Establishing a sense of urgency D) Anchoring new approaches in the culture
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