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GARDENER Home, Garden, Community.

WINTER 2025

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Featuring Your Guide to Triangle Holiday Magic

Winter Tips for Happy, Healthy Pets

Smart Fixes to Winter-Proof Your Home

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

‘Tis the Season for Greenery

Native Plant Container Gardening

Swamped by Daisies

Clethra Alnifolia: A Sweet Native Shrub

Special Section: Pets

Ironweed: An Adaptable Perennial

ADVERTISING SALES

Chris Hooks Jon Sheldon Mike Sleyman Chip Winstead

CONTRIBUTING WRITERS

Gerald Adams Brie Arthur Colby Griffin Andrea Laine Mike Raley Becca Wait NC Botanical Gardens CREATIVE DIRECTOR

Greg de Deugd

Special Section: Home Improvement

Drought Tolerant Russian Sage

The Zen in Zinnias

Mike Raley’s Favorite Plants

Celebrate the Holidays in the Triangle

EDITOR

Chip Winstead

The 10 Best Christmas Dishes

This magazine, in partnership with PrintReleaf, planted 196 trees.

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

Celebrate the Holidays in the Triangle What to Do During the Holidays From Thanksgiving through Early December THANKSGIVING WEEKEND HIGHLIGHTS

Santa’s Wonderland at Bass Pro Shops Nov 27–Dec 24 | All Day | Free MULTIPLE LOCATIONS

Free photos with Santa, crafts, and holiday décor in an immersive North Pole setting. Hill Ridge Farm Festival of Lights Nov 27–Dec 30 | 5–9 PM | $19.95 YOUNGSVILLE

Wagon rides, train rides, and farm attractions under thousands of glittering lights.

s November gives way to December, the Triangle transforms into a tapestry of lights, music, and community. From Raleigh’s skyline shimmer to the quiet charm of small-town parades, this season offers dozens of ways to celebrate. Whether you crave nostalgia, spectacle, or a quiet evening among twinkling lights, there’s something magical waiting just down the road.

Thanksgiving Weekend: The Season Begins By Thanksgiving night, the holidays are in full swing. Bass Pro Shops’ Santa’s Wonderland opens across the region, inviting families for free photos with Santa and hands-on crafts in a North Pole setting. In Youngsville, Hill Ridge Farms’ Festival of Lights kicks off its wagon and train rides through acres of glowing displays, while Cary’s North Carolina Chinese Lantern Festival transforms Koka Booth Amphitheatre into a wonderland of silk sculptures, dragons, and glowing bridges reflected over Symphony Lake. Black Friday weekend blends tradition and shopping. The Christmas Carousel Holiday Gift Market at the NC State Fairgrounds gathers hundreds of artisans, while Smithfield’s Kick-

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

North Carolina Chinese Lantern Festival Nov 27–Jan 12 | 6–10 PM | $16.74–30.64 KOKA BOOTH AMPHITHEATRE, CARY

Over 40 larger-than-life lantern installations illuminate Symphony Lake. The RINK at Red Hat Amphitheater Nov 28–Jan 5 | Various times | $6–15 DOWNTOWN RALEIGH

Outdoor skating under the skyline, hot chocolate included. Christmas Carousel Holiday Gift Market Nov 28–30 | 9 AM–6 PM | $0–10

JIM GRAHAM BUILDING, NC STATE FAIRGROUNDS

A Triangle shopping tradition with more than 250 vendors of gifts, food, and décor. Kick-Off to Christmas in Smithfield Nov 28 | 3–8 PM | Free HISTORIC DOWNTOWN SMITHFIELD

Tree lighting, live music, local artisans, and smalltown sparkle. Lights on the Neuse Hayride Nov 28–Dec 31 | 6–9 PM | $11

BOYETTE FAMILY FARMS, CLAYTON

Family hayride through acres of glowing Christmas scenes. Christmas Lights on the Farm Nov 28–Dec 30 | 6:30–9 PM | $15

BIG DADDY’S FARMS, MIDDLESEX

Farm-fresh lights and cozy holiday treats. Durham Craft Market – Shop Small Saturday Nov 29 | 9 AM–2 PM | Free DURHAM CENTRAL PARK

Handcrafted gifts and local art.

Bynum Front Porch Holiday Bazaar Nov 29 | 10 AM–2 PM | Free BYNUM FRONT PORCH, PITTSBORO

Art, crafts, and music in a small-town gathering. DECEMBER’S OPENING WEEK

Sanford Christmas Parade Dec 1 | 7 PM | Free DOWNTOWN SANFORD

A beloved community parade with floats, marching bands, and hometown cheer. A Night with Santa (Raleigh Parks & Police) Dec 2 | 5:30–8 PM | Free GREYSTONE COMMUNITY CENTER, RALEIGH

Crafts, cocoa, and Santa visits with RPD.

Selma Tree Lighting & Christmas Parade Dec 2 | 6–7 PM | Free DOWNTOWN SELMA

Twin celebrations—one night, two traditions. Clayton Christmas Village & Tree Lighting Dec 4 | 5–7:45 PM | Free CLAYTON TOWN SQUARE

Carolers, treats, and tree lighting in downtown. Fuquay-Varina Town Tree Lighting Dec 4 | 6–9 PM | Free

MAIN/VANCE STREET PUBLIC PARKING LOT

Off to Christmas Festival brings tree lighting, live music, and local charm to its downtown streets. Raleigh’s Red Hat Amphitheater RINK opens for skating under the city skyline—one of the Triangle’s most picturesque winter experiences. For those craving country charm, Lights on the Neuse in Clayton and Christmas Lights on the Farm in Middlesex offer hayrides, hot chocolate, and starry-night serenity.

Early December: SmallTown Magic and Local Glow As December arrives, towns across the region light their trees and roll out their parades. Sanford’s Christmas Parade fills downtown with floats and bands, while Clayton’s Christmas Village, Fuquay-Varina’s Tree Lighting, and Selma’s twin Tree Lighting and Parade bring warmth and community spirit to chilly evenings.

Downtown shops open late with live performances and Santa sightings. Siler City Christmas Parade Dec 4 | 7 PM | Free DOWNTOWN SILER CITY

A classic small-town parade. Franklinton Christmas Parade Dec 4 | 7 PM | Free DOWNTOWN FRANKLINTON

Floats, marching bands, and Christmas spirit. THE BIG HOLIDAY WEEKEND (DEC 5–7)

Apex Tree Lighting & Holiday Celebration Dec 5 | 4:30–7 PM | Free APEX HISTORIC DEPOT

Carolers, children’s crafts, and Santa’s grand arrival. Lighting of Wake Forest Dec 5 | 5–8 PM | Free

CENTENNIAL PLAZA, TOWN HALL

Streets glow with lights, music, and kids’ activities. Wendell Wonderland Dec 5 | 5–9 PM | Free

DOWNTOWN WENDELL

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

Cary continues to glow with nightly performances at the Chinese Lantern Festival, joined by family events like A Night with Santa, hosted by Raleigh Parks and Police, where children can craft, sip cocoa, and share wishes with St. Nick. Each evening, from Wake Forest to Franklinton, you’ll find a tree lighting, carolers, and that unmistakable smell of kettle corn and pine.

Ice sculpting, trolley rides, and live entertainment.

The First Weekend of December: Full Sparkle

Fireworks, music, and a tree that rivals any movie.

The first full weekend of December is when the region truly shines. On Friday, December 5, nearly every town holds a celebration—Apex, Wake Forest, Knightdale, Angier, and Brier Creek among them, each with its own traditions of fireworks, music, and small-town wonder. Over in Durham, Christmas by Candlelight at Duke Homestead re-creates an 1870s holiday with costumed interpreters and lantern-lit paths. Saturday brings shopping and spectacle: the Scandinavian Christmas Fair at the State Fairgrounds, Cary’s Gingerbread House Competition, the Holiday Market at the North Carolina Museum of Art, and the Santa Express at New Hope Valley Railway, where children ride historic trains alongside Santa himself. As the sun sets, the Cary Tree Lighting Celebration caps the night with live music and dazzling lights. On Sunday, the Boylan Heights ArtWalk invites visitors into artists’ homes for one-of-akind gifts, while choirs, concerts, and candlelight services echo across the Triangle.

A Season of Light From Thanksgiving through year’s end, the Triangle’s towns and cities remind us that the holidays are best shared—over cocoa, laughter, and the soft glow of lights reflected in winter air. Whether you’re skating downtown or singing carols on a small-town square, every stop on this seasonal map shines with its own kind of joy.

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

Christmas by Candlelight at Duke Homestead Dec 5 | 5:30–9 PM | $8 DURHAM

Step back to an 1870s Christmas with costumed interpreters and candlelit tours. Knightdale Christmas Tree Lighting Dec 5 | 6–8 PM | Free KNIGHTDALE STATION PARK

Brier Creek Tree Lighting Ceremony Dec 5 | 6–8 PM | Free BRIER CREEK COMMONS

Shopping, giveaways, and Santa’s arrival. Christmas on the Square in Angier Dec 5 | 6–8:30 PM | Free ANGIER DEPOT SQUARE

A festive night of lights, food trucks, and fun. Cary’s Gingerbread House Competition Dec 6–8 | All Day | Free DOWNTOWN CARY

Elaborate edible art displays throughout downtown. Santa Express at New Hope Valley Railway Dec 6–7 | 9:30 AM–4 PM | $18.61 BONSAL (NEAR NEW HILL)

Ride the historic railway with Santa aboard. Scandinavian Christmas Fair Dec 6 | 10 AM–5 PM | $10

KERR SCOTT BUILDING, NC STATE FAIRGROUNDS

Nordic food, crafts, folk dancing, and Lucia processions.

Holiday Market at the NC Museum of Art Dec 6 | 11 AM–4 PM | Free RALEIGH

Local artisans, art-inspired gifts, and performances. Cary Tree Lighting Celebration Dec 6 | 2–10 PM | Free

DOWNTOWN CARY FARMERS MARKET

A daylong celebration capped with live music and a dazzling tree lighting. Boylan Heights ArtWalk Dec 7 | 12–5 PM | Free RALEIGH

Artists open their historic homes to showcase handmade works.

Your Triangle source for News Talk that Matters. From engaging talk shows to informative news and more, our hosts welcome your voice. Call in at (919) 860-WPTF to join the conversation, share your thoughts, and be part of the show.

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WPTF Morning News starts your day with the latest local, state, and national headlines, plus traffic and weather to keep you informed on the go. The show blends breaking news coverage with in-depth reporting on North Carolina issues. Listeners get the information they need before heading out the door.

Brian Kilmeade offers a fast-paced mix of news, politics, and conversation with top newsmakers and analysts. The show delivers sharp commentary on the day’s biggest stories from Washington to Main Street. Kilmeade also brings in a lighter touch with sports and history features.

Jimmy Failla brings humor and commonsense commentary to politics, culture, and current events. His show connects with everyday Americans by blending serious issues with sharp wit. Listeners hear engaging conversations, guest interviews, and Failla’s unique comedic spin on the headlines.

WPTF Afternoon News keeps you up to date with the latest local, national, and business developments. The show features traffic and weather every few minutes to help listeners navigate their evening commute. It also provides deeper context on the stories shaping North Carolina and beyond.

WPTF Evening News wraps up the day’s events with a comprehensive review of top stories, sports, and weather. The program offers perspective on how the news affects the Triangle and North Carolina communities. Listeners end their day fully informed and ready for tomorrow.

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Hosted by Mike Raley and friends, The Weekend Gardener offers advice, tips, and stories for anyone who loves growing plants in North Carolina. From lawns and landscapes to vegetables and flowers, the show connects listeners with experts and local gardeners. It’s a friendly, call-in tradition that has been part of WPTF weekends for decades.

Making Your Home Great helps homeowners improve, repair, and enjoy their living spaces. Each week, local experts join the show to discuss projects ranging from roofs and windows to kitchens and backyards. Listeners get practical advice and answers to their home improvement questions.

Financial Safari helps listeners navigate the often-confusing world of money, retirement, and investing. Host Coach Pete D’Arruda and his team explain financial concepts in easy-tounderstand terms, with strategies to protect and grow your wealth. The show mixes expert insight with practical tips for building a secure financial future.

Judica County Radio explores the law in plain language, breaking down legal issues that affect everyday life. Hosted by attorneys, the program looks at real-world cases, court decisions, and current events. It’s an informative resource for listeners who want to understand their rights and responsibilities.

CBS Eye on Travel takes listeners around the world with news, trends, and insider tips from the travel industry. Host Peter Greenberg covers everything from airlines and hotels to hidden destinations and smart travel strategies. The show brings listeners stories and advice that make every journey smoother.

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Richon Planning Radio focuses on retirement and financial planning, helping listeners prepare for a secure future. Host Peter Richon discusses investing, taxes, and strategies for building and protecting wealth. The show makes complex financial topics clear and approachable.

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5PM-6PM CBS Eye on Veterans spotlights the stories and challenges of America’s military veterans. Host Phil Briggs talks with veterans, advocates, and experts about health care, benefits, careers, and community. The program honors service while offering information and inspiration for veterans and their families.

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The Kim Komando Show is America’s go-to program for digital life and consumer technology. Kim shares the latest tech news, tips, and gadgets while answering listener questions. From cybersecurity to smartphones, she makes technology simple and practical.

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1AM-5AM Red Eye Radio is overnight talk for latenight listeners. Hosts Gary McNamara and Eric Harley cover current events, politics, and culture with insight and humor. The show is a trusted companion on the road, combining information with lively conversation.

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PLANTS IN POTS

The Joy of Native Plant Container Gardening BY BECCA WAIT, NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN

here are so many great reasons to grow plants in pots. Maybe your only outdoor space is a terrace or patio, or perhaps you want to protect your plants from rabbits and voles. You might also want to make your patio or entryway feel more inviting or grow plants that you love but are a little too aggressive for garden beds. Container gardening is also a wonderful way to make gardening more accessible for people with different abilities, especially folks who find stooping or kneeling difficult, or who use a wheelchair. The beauty of container gardening is that containers come in all shapes and sizes, so you can tailor your garden to fit your specific needs. Whether it’s a balcony, patio, or even a window box, containers give you the flexibility to create a beautiful garden anywhere. Growing native plants in containers can be especially fun and rewarding. Many of our southeastern native plants are well-suited for pots be-

cause they’re tough and can tolerate periods of drought and less-than-ideal growing conditions. By growing native plants, you’re also inviting native bees, butterflies, moths, and other pollinators into your space. You don’t need a large garden to attract wildlife, even just a few containers of native perennials can attract a wide array of pollinators. If you’re hoping to attract wildlife and your space for a container garden is limited, consider planting just a few different species of native plants. When it comes to attracting pollinators, it’s better to have multiple plants of a few species rather than a single plant of many different species. Also, take bloom times into account when selecting plants—early spring and late fall blooms are especially helpful for our native pollinators. As you care of your container plantings, remember that containers are closed systems. While native plants typically don’t need fertilizer, it’s still helpful to top-dress your containers

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

with leaf mulch each winter to add organic matter and nutrients back into the pot. Keep in mind that plants in containers will dry out faster than those in the ground, so you’ll need to water them more frequently. The best way to check if your pots need water is to simply feel the soil once a week, if it’s dry, give your pots a drink. Adding organic matter, like leaf mulch, also helps retain moisture in the soil, reducing the need for constant watering. While many southeastern native plants will thrive in containers, I’d like to share a few of my favorites. These are by no means the only plants that will grow well in pots, but they’re a great starting point. If you have other plants you really love, give them a try, chances are they’ll grow quite well in a container. A Few Favorite Perennials for Containers: Ͱ Butterfly weed (Asclepias tuberosa) – A host plant for monarchs Ͱ Rattlesnake master (Eryngium yuccifolium) – A more unusual native plant, beloved by pollinators Ͱ Narrow leaf mountain mint (Pycnanthemum tenuifolium) – My personal favorite mountain mint, attracts a wide range of pollinators Ͱ Gray goldenrod (Solidago nemoralis) – A fall bloomer, loved by pollinators Ͱ Aromatic aster (Symphyotrichum oblongifolium) – A beautiful and prolific fall bloomer Ͱ Alumroot (Heuchera americana) – Evergreen leaves, blooms in spring Ͱ Christmas fern (Polystichum acrostichoides) – Evergreen, adds lushness to a container planting And don’t forget grasses! Native grasses are a great addition to any container garden. They

provide beautiful vertical elements, stunning fall color, and offer important shelter for insects during summer storms and the winter months. Here are a few of my favorites: Ͱ River oats (Chasmanthium latifolium) – Beautiful seed heads; a perfect container plant due to its aggressive spreading in garden beds Ͱ Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) – A bunchgrass with great fall color Ͱ Splitbeard bluestem (Anatherum ternarium) – Slightly larger than little bluestem but also with fantastic fall color Ͱ Purple love grass (Eragrostis spectabilis) – A smaller grass with lovely purple flowers in late summer Depending on the size of your containers, you can even grow shrubs or small trees. Here are a few that do well in pots: Ͱ Wax myrtle (Myrica cerifera) – An adaptable evergreen shrub beloved by birds. Be sure to get both male and female plants if you want berries to attract birds. Ͱ Inkberry holly (Ilex glabra) – Another great evergreen shrub, also loved by birds. Like wax myrtle, you’ll need both male and female plants to get fruit. Ͱ Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) – A shrub with delicious fruit and beautiful fall color. What more could you want? (Tip: You’ll get more berries if you have more than one shrub. Ͱ Northern spicebush (Lindera benzoin) – One of the first native shrubs to bloom, this shrub has lovely yellow flowers followed by red fruit beloved by birds in fall (you will need male and female plants to get fruit).

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Clethra alnifolia

PLANTS FOR SUN & SHADE

A Sweet Native Shrub BY MIKE RALEY

The plant typically grows five to six feet tall and about as wide. It does not tolerate hot, dry locations, but it responds well to cold temperatures.

Growing Conditions

One of the great things about Clethra is its sweet-smelling white or pink, bottlebrush-like blooms that attract all kinds of pollinators, including bees, hummingbirds, and butterflies. The blooms last for more than six weeks. We have often talked on the Weekend Gardener about having year-round color in the landscape. The sweet pepperbush provides this by blooming in the shade in mid to late summer. After flowering, small berries form, adding additional interest. Sweet pepperbush handles pruning well. This should be done in late winter or spring. The plant also sends out roots, allowing it to provide moderate erosion control in shadier areas of the

have many different species of plants in my landscape. However, I do not own a Clethra alnifolia, also known as sweet pepperbush or summersweet. I bet if I were to ask Brother Rufus if he planted one in his historic yard, he would say yes. Clethra is a native plant to eastern North America, including North Carolina of course. My expert friends on the Weekend Gardener tell us that Clethra is an excellent shrub for the Tar Heel State’s growing conditions.

It is said that Clethra prefers well-drained, acidic soil. However, it can often be found growing in the wild in wet areas, showing that it is quite adaptable. Watering it regularly and deeply will help it thrive. It grows well in both sun and shade, though in North Carolina, morning sun and afternoon shade tend to work best.

Blooms and Seasonal Interest

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

garden. In fall, Clethra offers striking golden foliage, and its bark develops an interesting, peeling texture.

into the soil and cover the root zone with a layer of mulch to help keep the soil cool and moist.

Popular Varieties

Clethra has few insect pests to worry about. Spider mites are the main concern, usually appearing only under drought conditions. Speaking of pests, Clethra is considered deer resistant—but as I like to say, good luck with that. I have seen Clethra used in mass plantings and as hedges, and it performs beautifully in both. It is also a great choice to plant around decks or patios where you can fully enjoy its fragrance during summer evenings.

The most common varieties found in North Carolina include: • ‘Ruby Spice’ – pink flowers • ‘Sixteen Candles’ – white flowers • ‘Pink Spires’ • ‘Vanilla Spice’ • ‘Hummingbird’ – a more compact form Planting Tips To plant your summersweet, use a sharp shovel and dig a hole at least twice as wide as the root ball and just as deep. Place the shrub in the hole, gently spread the roots, backfill to ground level, and water well. For the best start, work some organic matter

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

Maintenance and Use

A Worthy Addition Do not be shy about planting a shrub you may never have heard of. Clethra alnifolia can provide you with years of beauty, fragrance, and ecological value in your landscape.

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WILDFLOWERS OF NORTH CAROLINA

An Adaptable Perennial BY MIKE RALEY

e all want resilient plants for our landscapes. Frankly, we also want something that is cost effective. One plant that fulfills both those expectations is Ironweed (Vernonia noveboracensis). This is the most common variety grown in North Carolina. Anne Clapp used to say, “A weed is a plant you don’t want in your yard,” but you will definitely want Ironweed. It is a popular and hardy herbaceous perennial found in many North Carolina gardens. Herbaceous means it does not have a woody stem and dies back to the ground after flowering. By the way, Ironweed was named for English botanist William Vernon, who traveled extensively in the late 1600s and early 1700s.

A Member of the Aster Family Several native flowers I have written about in past articles belong to the largest plant family, the Aster family, known for flower structures made up of many small florets clustered together to appear as one bloom. Ironweed is another proud member of this family. It is known for its tough, sturdy stems, which come in handy for a plant that grows to a height of six to eight feet. The tall stems support large clusters of deep purple flowers that bring dramatic color to the landscape. Growing Conditions Ironweed is found all over the Tar Heel State, thriving under a wide range of conditions. It can

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

grow in almost any soil type, from sandy to clay to loamy. Loamy soil means it contains the right balance of sand, silt, and organic material, with a slightly acidic pH. Wherever you plant Ironweed, it will perform best in well-drained but consistently moist soil. It does not like standing water but tolerates a variety of conditions. It prefers full sun to partial shade for ideal growth. Ironweed naturally grows along roadsides, near streams, and in pastures throughout the United States and Canada. It will also look great in your yard thanks to its extraordinary, long-lasting clusters of purple blooms. On my daily walk, I pass a neighbor’s property that has been turned into a natural habitat filled with Ironweed, and it is a stunning sight from mid-summer through midfall. While Ironweed has a vigorous growth habit, it is easily controlled by deadheading spent flowers and is not considered invasive. A Pollinator Magnet As more people plant pollinator gardens, Ironweed has become a natural fit. Its flowers produce abundant nectar for bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. Some species serve as host plants for butterfly larvae, while the sturdy stems can even provide nesting sites for solitary bees. At the end of the growing season, migrating birds enjoy feeding on the Ironweed seeds. Cut

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

back the plants once flowering has finished to keep them tidy and healthy for the next season. Varieties to Consider In addition to Vernonia noveboracensis, several other species and varieties are worth considering: • Vernonia gigantea – Larger flower heads, common in the mountains and central North Carolina. • Vernonia angustifolia – Also known as Sandhills Ironweed. • Vernonia glauca – Attractive blue-green foliage. • Vernonia lettermannii – A compact, fine-textured variety. • Vernonia fasciculata – Known as Prairie Ironweed, with bright purple flowers. Each brings a slightly different size or color variation but all share the same resilience and appeal. Low Maintenance and Long Lasting This is one sturdy perennial that rarely suffers from insect or disease problems. It is dependable, low maintenance, and beautiful in both naturalized and formal gardens. Ironweed was selected as the 2004 North Carolina Wildflower of the Year, a program managed by my friends at the North Carolina Botanical Garden. I would say that is quite an endorsement. I’m sold!

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D R O U G H T-TO L E R A N T P L A N T S

It’s Not Really Russian BY MIKE RALEY

planted some Russian sage (Salvia yangii) decades ago. Alas, I can’t remember when it faded into oblivion. Despite its name, it is not native to Russia but hails from Central Asia, including Afghanistan and Tibet. The name derives from the plant’s former genus, Perovskia, which was named for the Russian General V. A. Perovski in the 1800s. I suppose he must have been considered a wise person or “sage.” I have always loved the color contrast between the silvery-green foliage and the bluish-lavender flowers, so I am inspired to plant a new batch of this hardy perennial. A Neighbor’s Inspiration On my daily walks, I take note of my neighbors’ landscapes and the variety of plants as the seasons change. My friend Charlie has a lovely

yard of zoysia grass interspersed with interesting flowers, shrubs, and trees. Near his sidewalk, he has a group of Russian sage planted in full sun. This summer, during my late afternoon walks, I noticed sleeping bumblebees nestled among the blooms. I knew bees sometimes nap or rest overnight, but I had never noticed them clinging together in small colonies on a plant. I have heard they can be gently stroked, though I have never dared to try it. They work hard every day and deserve their rest. At any rate, the combination of the sage and the bumblebees makes quite a picture. Now I must try my luck growing it again. Planting and Care Russian sage requires full sun—at least six hours daily—to thrive and display its best color.

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

The foliage and flowers are subtle from a distance but striking up close. When planted in masses, this plant is truly spectacular. It prefers well-drained soil, which helps prevent root rot. Other than that, Russian sage is almost carefree. It has very few disease or insect problems and is even deer resistant. Most gardeners plant Russian sage in spring when garden centers have abundant stock, but fall is also an excellent time—and you may even find it on sale. To plant, use a sharp shovel, as Anne Clapp and Rufus would advise. Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball and just as deep. Place the shrub in the hole, gently spread the roots, then backfill to ground level or slightly above. Water well. For best results, work some organic matter into the soil and cover the root zone with mulch to help keep the soil cool and moist, even though this plant loves hot weather. Varieties to Try There are several beautiful varieties of Russian sage available. Among the favorites that grow well in the Tar Heel State are:

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

• ‘Blue Spire’ • ‘Little Spire’ • ‘Denim ‘n Lace’ • ‘Rocket Man’ • ‘Blue Haze’ • ‘Crazy Blue’ Each offers slight variations in height and flower tone, but all share that airy, silvery-lavender look that makes Russian sage such a standout in the summer garden. A Reliable Resource The North Carolina Extension Gardener Toolbox, available online, is an extraordinary resource and can provide detailed information on Russian sage or almost any other plant you can imagine. All of the Cooperative Extension experts on the Weekend Gardener swear by this catalog of knowledge. So, to summarize, Russian sage is an exceptional, sun-loving plant for North Carolina. It is named after a Russian general, not native to Russia, and beloved by bumblebees looking for a nap or a good night’s sleep. Go find one for your yard!

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My Favorite Plants BY MIKE RALEY

osting a gardening show at WPTF like The Weekend Gardener for more than 40 years has given me certain advantages — like receiving plants as gifts from friends, sponsors, and listeners, and getting gardening books in the mail from authors who hope to be interviewed on the show. The greatest perk, besides talking with listeners, is working alongside knowledgeable horticulturists who have sparked my interest in many wonderful plants. I once read a book written by my favorite broadcaster, the late Charles Kuralt. In Charles Kuralt’s America, he wrote about going to his Connecticut home each year to plant daffodil bulbs given to him by a friend in Virginia who developed narcissus cultivars. That same friend even named one of those special cultivars after the CBS veteran.

I have never had a plant named after me — and don’t expect to — but I associate many of my favorite plants with people, places, or memories. For instance, I planted a Harry Lauder’s Walking Stick (Corylus avellana ‘Contorta’) the day my close friend and WPTF colleague Garry Dornburg passed away in February 1998. Garry was not a gardener, but he was an extraordinarily funny man. He would have appreciated the fact that Harry Lauder was a British comedian who entertained troops during World War II and always carried a cane made from the contorted filbert tree. The late Wayne County Cooperative Extension agent Lewis Howe introduced me to many fine plants. One of those is the Prunus mume, or flowering apricot tree. This delightful specimen usually provides a brilliant display of fra-

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grant pink or white blossoms in January and February. Some winters, you may be blessed with months of those spicy-scented blooms. I also have several plants from my good friend and co-host Rufus Edmisten. My landscape is filled with Edmisten hellebores (Helleborus species) and their offspring. I also have a couple of his favorite rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus) shrubs. These are just a few examples — there are many more from Phil Campbell, Nelsa Cox, Josh Logan, and others. I only wish I had more room in my landscape. As Mark Weathington, director of the J.C. Raulston Arboretum, says, “If I don’t have room for a new plant, I dig up an old one and make space for it.” A Gardener’s Habit Over the years, I have tried to add unusual and interesting plants that provide year-round appeal. My friend Tony Avent, a nationally known gardener from Wake County, recommends planting no more than one of each favorite plant. He is right, of course — but that is a tough rule for me to follow. I am far more likely to plant several crape myrtles, butterfly bushes, or camellias in my yard… and I have. Unfortunately, I do not have enough space in this issue of the WPTF Gardening Guide to share stories about all my favorite plants. That would fill a book. Instead, here is a short list of plants that have brought me joy over the years. TREES

• • • • • • • • •

American Holly (Ilex opaca) Carolina Silverbell (Halesia carolina) Chaste Tree (Vitex agnus-castus) Fringe Tree (Chionanthus virginicus) Japanese Maple (Acer palmatum) Kousa Dogwood (Cornus kousa) Red Maple (Acer rubrum) Smoke Tree (Cotinus coggygria) Star Magnolia (Magnolia stellata)

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• •

Crape Myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica) Japanese Stewartia (Stewartia pseudocamellia) SHRUBS

• • • • • • • • • • •

American Beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) Butterfly Bush (Buddleia davidii) Camellia (Camellia sasanqua or C. japonica) Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides) Japanese Kerria (Kerria japonica) Leatherleaf Mahonia (Mahonia bealei) Oakleaf Hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia) Sweet Mock Orange (Philadelphus coronarius) Witch Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) Winter Honeysuckle (Lonicera fragrantissima) Wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox) PERENNIALS

• • • • •

Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) Butterfly Weed (Asclepias tuberosa) Coneflower (Rudbeckia species) Joe-Pye Weed (Eutrochium purpureum) Peony (Paeonia species)

I hope you will consider adding some of these plants to your own landscape. By all means, take advantage of the wealth of knowledge contained in the many WPTF Weekend Gardener guides produced over the past 20 years by some of the best gardeners in North Carolina. And remember, when you have a gardening question on a Saturday morning, give The Weekend Gardener a call. We’re on the air from 8 to 11 a.m. on WPTF.

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CHRISTMAS TREES AND HOLIDAY BLOOMS

’Tis the Season for Greenery BY COLBY GRIFFIN

t’s that time of year again for fruitcake and eggnog, stockings and bows, and the gathering of loved ones around that beloved evergreen — the Christmas tree. Since I’m partial to the Fraser fir and a proud supporter of our Christmas tree farmers, I’ll go out on a limb and assume you all have a real tree. Everyone holds their chosen tree with great pride. You never insult someone’s selection — it cuts to the soul. After all, countless walks through the tree lot, head tilts, and family debates go into finding the one. Caring for Your Christmas Tree Once you’ve found the perfect tree, a few simple steps will help it stay fresh and fragrant throughout the season.

Proper care starts at the lot. Ask staff to gently shake or bounce the tree to remove loose needles before you take it home. Don’t worry if brown needles fall — those are usually last year’s interior needles. But if green needles shed easily or feel limp, the tree is too dry. According to the North Carolina Christmas Tree Association, “the needles on a fresh Fraser fir break crisply due to their high moisture content. If you try to bend a green needle and it’s pliable, then the tree is too dry.” Before placing your tree in the stand, make a fresh cut across the base — about ¼ to ½ inch — to reopen the pores for water absorption. Sap begins to harden quickly after cutting, so place the tree in water immediately. Think of your Christmas tree like a vase of

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fresh flowers — it needs daily water. Check the stand each morning and never let the level drop below the base of the trunk. There’s no need for sugar, aspirin, or other additives; clean tap water works best. Depending on the tree’s size, it may use up to a quart of water per inch of trunk diameter each day. Placement matters, too. Keep your tree away from heating vents, radiators, and fireplaces to prevent drying and needle loss. North Carolina: A Leader in Holiday Greenery When you “go green” at Christmastime, you’re also supporting local agriculture. North Carolina ranks second in the nation for Christmas tree production — right behind Oregon — and produces more than 20 percent of the real trees grown in the United States. The Fraser fir, grown almost exclusively in the cool, high elevations of western North Carolina, is the most popular Christmas tree species in the country. Known for its soft, fragrant needles, strong branches, and excellent needle retention, it’s a favorite in homes across all 50 states — and even at the White House. Whether you choose a Fraser fir, white pine, or Eastern red cedar, each tree represents months of care by hardworking North Carolina farmers. These evergreens bring natural beauty, fragrance, and a touch of local pride to your holiday home. Holiday Blooms Beyond the Tree No holiday décor is complete without festive houseplants to brighten your indoor space. While

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poinsettias remain the classic choice, the Christmas cactus (Schlumbergera spp.) offers a striking alternative that’s both eye-catching and easy to grow. With its cascading blooms of pink, fuchsia, yellow, salmon, or white, the Christmas cactus brings a pop of color when most of your garden is resting. Unlike desert cacti, it’s native to tropical forests and prefers humidity over arid air. Place your cactus in bright, indirect light — a north or east-facing window is ideal. Water thoroughly when the top of the soil feels dry, and boost humidity by setting the pot on a tray filled with pebbles and water (keeping the pot above the waterline). After blooming, let the plant rest by withholding water for about six weeks. Once new growth appears, resume watering and feed lightly with a diluted liquid fertilizer every two to three weeks. Use a well-draining potting mix and repot every few years to keep it healthy. In summer, your Christmas cactus can even vacation outdoors on a shaded porch or patio — just keep it out of direct sunlight. Celebrate with Living Décor Whether it’s the scent of fir filling your living room or the vivid blossoms of a Christmas cactus gracing your windowsill, living plants bring warmth, color, and cheer to the holiday season. By choosing real trees and living greenery, you’re not only creating lasting memories but also supporting North Carolina’s farmers and green industry professionals who make the holidays bloom.

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Brie Arthur is a bestselling author, horticulturist, and dynamic garden communicator known for The Foodscape Revolution and Gardening with Grains. A Purdue grad with 20+ years of experience, Brie shares eco-friendly gardening wisdom on PBS and YouTube. She inspires audiences nationwide with her passion for sustainable, creative landscapes. WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025 35

WINTER GARDENING CHECKLIST

Brie Arthur’s Guide to Fall Gardening BY BRIE ARTHUR

inter is upon us, and for gardeners in North Carolina that means we can finally enjoy time outdoors without sunscreen or bug spray—at least in theory! The cool, short days of winter offer endless opportunities to grow a variety of plants with fewer chores like watering and weeding. As a transplant from Zone 5 Michigan, I still expect frozen earth and gray skies, even after 24 years in the Triangle. But here in the Southeast, we can garden year-round—and I now believe winter gardening is far more enjoyable than battling summer’s heat and humidity. Winter Garden Maintenance

MULCHING AND SOIL IMPROVEMENT:

Leaves are nature’s greatest gift. Use them as mulch to insulate tender plants and enrich soil. Leaf mulch conserves moisture, feeds beneficial microbes, and saves you from noisy blowers. Keep those leaves in place and let them work for you. PRUNING: Winter is perfect for pruning trees

and shrubs. With foliage gone, each plant’s structure is easy to see. Wait until leaves have 36

dropped to prune deciduous species, and enjoy the bonus of fewer pests and diseases this time of year. PLANTING: Late fall and early winter are

prime time for spring-blooming bulbs such as daffodils, tulips, and anemones. I usually plant mine between Thanksgiving and New Year’s, once frost has knocked back summer growth. Daffodils are my favorite for their reliability and deer resistance. This year I’m adding Anemone ‘Mr. Fokker.’ FERTILIZING: Apply a slow-release, organic

fertilizer in late February to prepare for spring growth. Choose an NPK ratio under 10 (a 6-4-5 is ideal) and avoid over-fertilizing early, which can push tender frost-prone growth and feed winter weeds instead. WEEDING: Winter weeds can be relentless—

chickweed, hairy bittercress, henbit, clover, and wild geranium are common culprits. Hand-pulling works best, especially when soil is moist. My favorite tool is a hand pick called the Groundhog. Cover bare soil with desirable cool-season plants to crowd out weeds naturally.

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SEEDING: Winter is excellent for direct seeding

cool-season flowers like poppies, larkspur, and bachelor’s buttons, as well as grains such as barley, oats, and wheat. Don’t forget leafy greens like mustard, kale, and chard, which thrive in cool weather and bring fresh flavor from garden to table. Plants That Shine in Winter Gardening through winter in North Carolina is easy and rewarding. Our mild climate means soil rarely freezes for long, allowing many plants to stay active. While much of the country takes a gardening break, we enjoy blooms, texture, and fragrance all season long. Camellias, hellebores, and paperbush light up the landscape when you least expect it, while pansies, violas, and greens keep beds and containers vibrant. Winter isn’t a time to rest—it’s a time to rediscover the beauty of your Southern garden.

leaves emerge in late February. Magnolia stellata (Star Magnolia): Starshaped white blooms burst open in late winter, signaling spring’s approach. Native Grasses Carex cherokeensis (Cherokee Sedge): Dark green blades thrive in dry shade and resist deer and rabbits. Muhlenbergia ‘White Cloud’ (White Cloud Muhly Grass): Airy white seed heads glow in the winter landscape. Panicum virgatum ‘Shenandoah’ (Switchgrass): Red-tinged seed heads add movement and texture. Schizachyrium scoparium (Little Bluestem): Coppery tones shimmer in low winter light. Perennials

Camellia japonica (Japanese Camellia): A Southern classic with glossy leaves and elegant blooms from December to March. Edgeworthia chrysantha (Paperbush): Fragrant yellow blooms on bare stems—an unforgettable late-winter show. Hamamelis × intermedia (Hybrid Witch Hazel): Spidery, fragrant flowers in gold, red, or orange. Loropetalum chinense (Chinese Fringe Flower): Burgundy foliage and pink fringelike blooms that brighten gray days.

Bergenia cordifolia (Heartleaf Bergenia): Leathery leaves turn red or purple in cold weather with pink blooms in late winter. Helleborus orientalis (Lenten Rose): Evergreen foliage and long-lasting blooms; double, sterile forms don’t over-seed, and deer ignore them. Epimedium species (Barrenwort): Heartshaped leaves that bronze in cold weather and fairy-like flowers in late winter—great for dry shade. Heuchera villosa hybrids (Coral Bells): Semi-evergreen foliage in striking shades of burgundy, amber, and silver that last through winter in beds and containers.

Flowering Trees

The Beauty of the Quiet Season

Prunus mume (Flowering Apricot): Early pink or white blooms perfume the winter air. Chimonanthus praecox (Wintersweet): Sweetly fragrant yellow flowers on leafless branches in midwinter. Cornus mas (Cornelian Cherry Dogwood): Clusters of cheerful yellow flowers before

Winter gardening in North Carolina is less about surviving and more about savoring—finding color in a camellia bloom, life in a patch of kale, and comfort in the slower rhythm of the season. When much of the country lies dormant, our gardens hum quietly along, offering texture, fragrance, and the promise of spring just around the corner.

Flowering Shrubs

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SOUTHERN CLASSICS

Sasanqua Camellias BY ANDREA LAINE

often connect my love of gardening with memories of my mother. But much like my education in broadcasting, I’ve also been privileged to learn from some of the best gardening professionals in North Carolina. For instance, Anne Clapp taught me a great deal about the joys of growing sasanqua camellias. She has more than a hundred on her property, as does Rufus. Anne also loved Camellia japonica and Camellia sinensis, but there is something special about the dark green leaves of the sasanqua serving as a backdrop for some of the loveliest flowers on any shrub this side of roses. No one on our panel has ever said a negative word about sasanqua camellias. They remain one of my favorite plants for the North Carolina home landscape.

An Old Southern Favorite Sasanqua camellias are relatively easy to grow and can provide decades of beauty. Some experts say they can live up to 200 years, though perhaps not all will make it that long in the Tar Heel State. There are handsome examples across North Carolina, from historic sites and arboretums to private gardens. Fall is the perfect time to plant them — and that’s when they reward us with their brilliant blooms. Each year, they seem to flower a little earlier thanks to our warming climate. From red to pink, white to purple, and every combination in between, this native of Asia brings rich color to the landscape just as most other plants are going dormant. Growing naturally in the forests of Japan, China, and nearby regions, sasanquas have adapted

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beautifully to North Carolina conditions. There are more than 200 known species worldwide, including many dwarf varieties well suited for today’s gardens. Planting and Care Sasanquas need a little help to thrive. Placement is key. Choose a partially shady spot with morning sun and afternoon protection. Full sun can stress them in most parts of the state. They tolerate both clay and sandy soils as long as drainage is good. Experts recommend mixing in organic matter or compost before planting. If you want to be precise, get a soil test first. A slightly acidic pH of around 6.0 is ideal. Give your camellia room to grow. Mature plants may reach 7 to 15 feet tall and 5 to 7 feet wide. Camellia japonica varieties can grow even larger. They grow at a moderate pace — not fast like a Leyland cypress — and make beautiful hedges or accent plants. My mother even trained one into a tree form, and I’ve seen others do the same. It’s a great way to add structure or formality to the landscape. I’ve also seen them grown on trellises or espaliered against a wall, though that takes more work than most of us care for. Favorite Varieties My personal favorite is ‘Yuletide’, with its bright red flowers — “Wolfpack red,” as I like

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to say. Rufus favors a pink-and-white cultivar named ‘Our Linda’, and Miss Anne, well, she liked a lot of them “the best.” Pick out your favorite, and before long, you’ll have a yard full of sasanqua camellias. Feeding and Pruning Anne always recommended cottonseed meal for any type of camellia, but a balanced, low-nitrogen fertilizer applied in early spring works well too. Pruning is simple if you follow two basic rules. First, prune sparingly and let the plant grow to its natural shape for a healthier, fuller display. Second, always prune right after blooming so the shrub has time to set buds for next year’s flowers. Pests and Problems Sasanquas can suffer from a few pests and diseases. Scale insects are the most common issue, followed by aphids and spider mites. Fungal problems such as canker, petal blight, mold, and root rot can occur if conditions are poor. Planting in the right spot, providing good drainage, and following best practices will prevent most of these troubles. With their glossy foliage, dependable blooms, and graceful habit, sasanqua camellias are one of the South’s most rewarding shrubs. Once you plant one, it’s easy to see why generations of gardeners — including Anne, Rufus, and my mother — have loved them so much.

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POLLINATOR GARDENS

Swamped by Daisies BY MIKE RALEY

often mention our friend Rufus and his plant preferences, both on and off the air. One of his longtime favorites is a perennial he has spoken about many times — the swamp lily, also known as the swamp sunflower or Helianthus angustifolius. This showy native perennial features bright yellow flowers that measure about two to three inches across. A member of the aster family, the swamp sunflower grows mainly in the Piedmont and Coastal Plain of North Carolina, where it brightens sunny roadsides, backyards, and even churchyards. We have several growing at my parish, St. Michael’s Episcopal Church, behind the wall of our memorial garden. They are quite striking when they bloom from late summer through November, still going strong when most other annuals and perennials have faded away. You can easily see their sunflower-like faces rising over the wall, since the plants can grow up to eight feet tall. Shorter varieties are also available if you prefer something more compact. A Familiar Sight on Country Roads As I mentioned, swamp sunflowers can be seen all along North Carolina’s roadsides in late summer and early fall. One of my favorite ways to unwind is by taking a leisurely drive down country roads. The two yellow flowers I often see growing together in great masses are Helianthus and goldenrod. My friend Erv Evans used to point out that goldenrod is not actually responsible for spreading allergy spores — that’s ragweed’s fault — but goldenrod gets most of the blame simply because it’s so visible. In 2007, the swamp lily was named the North

Carolina Wildflower of the Year, a program begun in 1982 by the North Carolina Botanical Garden in Chapel Hill. Each year, seeds from the selected plant are collected and distributed to gardeners across the state. If you visit the Botanical Garden — located about half a mile from the Dean Dome — you can see the swamp daisy and thousands of other native plants on display. It’s a wonderful place to enjoy the beauty and diversity of our state’s flora and to gather ideas for your own landscape. And after your stroll, I recommend stopping by Merritt’s for one of their famous BLTs! Growing Swamp Sunflowers Now for the planting details. Swamp sunflowers love the sun and need at least six hours of direct light each day. They will not perform well in shade. Moist, sandy, or loamy soil provides the best growing conditions. These plants tolerate wet ground, which is why they are often found near

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streams and ponds, but they also do well in a variety of garden soils. They make excellent additions to rain gardens and pollinator beds. Because of their height, it is best to plant swamp daisies toward the back of a perennial or native garden, where they can provide a cheerful backdrop without shading smaller plants. A Pollinator’s Paradise Swamp daisies are as valuable to wildlife as they are beautiful. Bees, butterflies, and other insects flock to their golden nectar, while birds such as finches feed on the seeds in fall and winter. Even small mammals find them useful as a food source. The tall, sturdy stems also provide shelter and habitat for pollinators — a crucial benefit as natural habitats continue to decline.

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

Varieties to Try There are several appealing cultivars of Helianthus angustifolius, including: • ‘Maximilian Sunflower’ • ‘Gold Lace’ • ‘Autumn Beauty’ • ‘Mellow Yellow’ • ‘Teddy Bear’ In total, there are about 73 species of Helianthus, offering a wide range of sizes and colors for different landscapes. If you have the space — and don’t mind a plant that spreads a bit — Helianthus angustifolius will reward you with bright color and abundant blooms well into the fall. It’s a native North Carolinian that truly shines when most of the garden is winding down.

Cozy Winter 44

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Winter Pet Safety Tips Keep Them Warm & Close If it’s too cold for you, it’s too cold for your pets. When temperatures dip below 40°F, even thick-coated dogs and outdoor cats can be at risk for frostbite and hypothermia.

Protect those Paws Winter sidewalks can be harsh! Just as too much sun can hurt, it’s important to know that salt, deicers, and ice can also irritate or burn paw pads in cold weather.

Bring pets indoors whenever possible. Even quick outdoor bathroom breaks should be limited in freezing weather and colder temperatures. Create a cozy space by adding extra blankets, a bed away from drafts, or a heating pad made specifically for animals tucked under their bed. For community cats or strays, consider setting up an insulated shelter – a simple plastic bin with straw bedding can make all the difference.

After every walk you should wipe down paws with a warm (not hot), damp cloth to remove any residue. Consider booties or paw wax for extra protection – especially on longer walks. You can also moisturize with paw balm after! Check for cracks or redness of the paws, and keep your pet’s nails trimmed so they can grip the icy surfaces more safely during bathroom breaks.

Beware of Holiday Hazards! The holidays bring new sights, sounds, and smells – and potential dangers. Skip the sweets – chocolate, xylitol (found in sugar-free treats), and alcohol are all toxic to pets. Mind the decor – Tinsel, ribbon, and ornaments can cause serious intestinal blockages if swallowed. Secure your space heater and fireplace – Pets can easily burn paws, noses, or tails when trying to “help” warm you up!

Home for the Holidays - and Beyond! It’s easy to imagine the joy of a puppy under the tree or a kitten with a ribbon around its neck. But pets aren’t seasonal surprises — they’re lifelong companions. Adopting an animal means committing to love, care, and responsibility for years to come. If you’re thinking about adding a furry family member, take time to plan. Talk as a family, research the right match, and be sure you’re ready for daily care and long-term commitment. Not quite ready? You can still celebrate your love for animals by gifting in meaningful ways — donate to a local rescue, sponsor an adoption, or give a “future pet” care package for someone planning ahead.

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Keeping Pets Safe This Festive Season

he holiday season is upon us, and many pet parents plan to include their furry companions in the festivities. As you deck the halls and prepare your celebrations, remember to keep your pet’s safety top of mind. From tempting treats to twinkling décor, the holidays can present hidden hazards. Here’s how to keep the season merry and safe for every member of the family.

1. Delicious Dangers Holiday tables overflow with rich, fatty, and spicy foods—but your pet’s diet should stay the same as any other day. Fat, sugar, and bones can cause serious digestive trouble. A small piece of plain, boneless turkey is fine, but avoid dishes seasoned with onions, garlic, or nutmeg. Never share chocolate, raisins, grapes, or xylitol-sweetened treats, which are toxic to dogs and cats. And keep cocktails or unattended drinks out of reach— alcohol can be deadly even in small amounts.

2. Wires and Decorations Extra lights and gadgets mean extra cords and batteries within reach. A chewed wire can deliver a dangerous electrical shock, while punctured batteries cause burns to the mouth and throat.

Glass or plastic ornaments can shatter into sharp pieces if batted off the tree. Keep all cords, fragile ornaments, and small decorations well above paw level.

3. Problematic Plants Some favorite holiday plants are best admired from afar. Mistletoe and holly can cause vomiting and heart problems if eaten. Lilies, common in winter bouquets, can lead to kidney failure in cats. Even poinsettias can irritate the stomach. Choose pet-safe greenery or silk alternatives, and keep floral arrangements out of reach.

4. Around the Christmas Tree A tree can be irresistible to pets but also hazardous. Anchor it securely so it can’t topple over if climbed or bumped. Cover the water reservoir— tree water quickly becomes a breeding ground for bacteria that cause nausea and diarrhea. Avoid using tinsel; cats in particular may swallow it, leading to intestinal blockages that often require surgery. And keep wrapped food gifts off the floor—pets can smell what you can’t see.

5. Candle Caution Whether lighting a menorah or setting a cozy

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

mood, never leave flames unattended. Wagging tails and curious whiskers can easily knock over candles, risking burns or fires. Consider flameless LED candles for worry-free glow.

6. Handle the Holiday Noise Festive music, poppers, and fireworks can startle pets unused to commotion. Provide a quiet, comfortable space where they can retreat—a room stocked with familiar bedding, toys, and water. Avoid using confetti or party streamers; if swallowed, they can lodge in a cat’s intestines.

7. Take Out the Trash After the feast, secure garbage bins and promptly take out the trash. Leftovers, bones, packaging, and broken decorations are irresistible to pets and can cause choking or poisoning.

8. Snow Globe Safety Many snow globes contain ethylene glycol, the same toxic chemical found in antifreeze. If one

breaks, its sweet scent can tempt pets to lick the liquid, which can be fatal. Keep globes on high shelves and clean up spills immediately.

9. Salty Surprises Rock salt and salt-dough ornaments may look harmless but can cause life-threatening electrolyte imbalances when ingested. Use pet-friendly ice melt outdoors and hang salt-dough crafts out of reach.

10. Medication and Guests Keep all medication—yours and your guests’— securely stored in closed cabinets, not on nightstands or in open suitcases. Visitors may not realize how easily pets can sniff out pills or vitamins.

11. Tinsel-Free Traditions That shiny string might look festive, but it’s one of the most dangerous decorations for cats. Ingested tinsel can twist through the intestines, causing vomiting, dehydration, and obstruction.

The holidays are brighter with pets by our side, and a few precautions ensure they stay happy and healthy through every gathering and glittering moment. If you suspect your pet has ingested something toxic, contact your veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435 immediately.

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Stocking Up for the Season: Winter Supplies Every Pet Parent Needs As temperatures dip and the days grow short, our pets feel the chill just as much as we do. Whether your companion is an energetic dog who loves a snow romp or a cat who prefers a sunny window perch, a few seasonal supplies can help keep them safe, warm, and comfortable all winter long.

Warmth and Comfort Start with the basics: warmth. Pets lose body heat quickly, especially small breeds, seniors, or animals with thin coats. A quality pet sweater or jacket makes all the difference for winter walks. Choose one that fits snugly but allows easy movement, and always keep a dry backup on hand in case of rain or snow. Inside, trade thin mats for plush, insulated bedding. Elevated beds or orthopedic foam pads keep pets off cold floors, while self-warming blankets reflect body heat without electricity. Place beds away from drafts or heat vents — pets appreciate consistent, gentle warmth.

Paw and Skin Protection Between cold pavement, salt, and ice melt, paws take a beating in winter. Stock up on pet-safe de-icer for your driveway, and use a paw balm or wax to protect pads from cracking. For dogs who spend a lot of time outdoors, booties provide an extra layer of defense against salt burns and frostbite. Dry winter air can also irritate skin and fur. A simple pet-safe humidifier and regular brushing help reduce

dryness and static, especially for long-haired breeds.

Nutrition and Hydration Pets burn more calories staying warm in winter, but shorter days often mean less activity. Ask your vet if your pet’s diet should be adjusted for the season. Keep fresh, unfrozen water available at all times — an insulated outdoor bowl can prevent freezing, while indoor fountains encourage cats to drink more.

Safety and Visibility Shorter daylight hours mean more walks in the dark. Equip dogs with reflective collars, leashes, or LED clip-on lights so they’re visible to drivers. For cats that venture outside, a breakaway reflective collar can help keep them safe at dusk.

Indoor Enrichment When bad weather keeps everyone inside, boredom can set in. Stock up on interactive toys, treat puzzles, and scratching posts to keep pets mentally engaged and physically active. For small pets like rabbits or guinea pigs, add chew toys and cozy hides to help them stay busy and warm. A little preparation makes a big difference. With the right winter supplies — from paw balm to plush beds — your pets will stay healthy, cozy, and happy all season long. After all, nothing beats sharing a warm home on a cold night with the ones who love you unconditionally.

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The Magic of a Carolina Christmas Tree BY STAFF WRITER

ew things signal the arrival of the holiday season more powerfully than the scent of a fresh Christmas tree filling your home. It is a fragrance that instantly transforms a space, warm, woodsy, and nostalgic, bringing with it memories of past holidays and the excitement of new ones. For many families, choosing the tree is the unofficial start of the season, and North Carolina plays an essential role in that tradition. Western North Carolina is home to some of the most renowned Christmas tree farms in the nation. These growers spend years, sometimes more than a decade, carefully tending each Fraser fir before it ever reaches your living room. From the cool mountain climate to the farming techniques passed down through generations, the region’s natural advantages help create trees known for their deep green color, soft needles, and exceptional fragrance. When you bring one home, you are not just decorating. You are carrying on a proud North Carolina tradition.

Supporting local farms and the dealers who partner with them keeps this tradition thriving. Buying from local nurseries helps sustain our state’s agricultural heritage, keeps money in the community, and ensures you get a tree that is fresh, healthy, and responsibly grown. Walking through the rows, running your hands over branches, comparing shapes, and debating height is all part of the experience. It is a moment families look forward to year after year. This season, make your way to Hudson’s Nursery in Clayton, where the spirit of the holidays comes alive the moment you arrive. You will find beautiful Fraser firs sourced from trusted North Carolina growers, ready to bring that timeless Christmas charm into your home. And while you are there, browse their thoughtful selection of gifts for the lawn lovers, gardeners, and hardware enthusiasts in your life. It is a one stop destination for holiday cheer, from the tree that fills your home with magic to the gifts that make the season brighter.

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Preparing Your North Carolina Home for Winter: Essential Maintenance Tips BY WEEKEND GARDENER STAFF

inter in North Carolina may not bring the extreme cold of northern states, but fluctuating temperatures, moisture, and surprise cold snaps can still take a toll on your home. A little preparation now can prevent costly repairs later and keep your home comfortable all season long. Start with your heating system. Schedule a routine HVAC checkup to ensure your furnace or heat pump is running efficiently. Replace filters, clear debris around outdoor units, and test your thermostat before the first cold night arrives. If you have a fireplace, have the chimney cleaned and inspected to prevent creosote buildup and ensure safe operation. Next, walk the exterior of your home and look for areas where cold air or moisture can sneak in. Seal gaps around windows, doors, and siding with caulk or weatherstripping. Cleaning

your gutters is also crucial — clogged gutters can overflow, leading to water intrusion and foundation issues. While you’re outside, disconnect and drain garden hoses, and cover exterior spigots to prevent freezing. Indoors, check that smoke detectors and carbon monoxide alarms are functioning properly. Winter increases the use of heating appliances, making these safety devices essential. It’s also a good time to reverse ceiling fans to push warm air downward and inspect insulation in attics or crawl spaces to avoid heat loss. Finally, protect your plumbing by insulating exposed pipes, especially in older homes or unheated areas. Even a brief temperature drop can cause pipes to freeze and burst. With a few proactive steps, you can keep your North Carolina home safe, warm, and energy-efficient through the winter months.

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Winter Is the Perfect Time for a Bathroom Remodel BY WEEKEND GARDENER STAFF

hen temperatures drop and outdoor projects slow down, winter can actually be one of the best times to tackle an indoor renovation, especially a bathroom remodel. With the holidays behind you and more time spent indoors, it’s a great opportunity to create the relaxing, spa-like retreat you’ve always wanted. Contractors tend to have lighter schedules during the winter months, which can mean faster turnaround times and potentially lower labor costs. Because most of the work takes place inside, weather delays are minimal. Planning your remodel now also lets you get ahead of the spring rush when demand and pricing both increase. Start by focusing on upgrades that make a real difference in comfort and efficiency. Heated

floors are one of the most popular winter additions, keeping your feet warm on chilly mornings while also improving energy efficiency. Swapping out old fixtures for modern, water-saving models can lower utility bills and add a fresh look to the space. Lighting is another key area to consider, especially when daylight is limited. Layered lighting, with a mix of task, accent, and ambient sources, can instantly make a bathroom feel larger and more inviting. Whether you’re envisioning a simple refresh or a complete redesign, winter remodeling offers the time and focus to get it right. With careful planning and the right team, you can start the new year with a space that feels brand new and be ready to show it off by spring.

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Winter-Ready Sheds: Getting the Most from Your Backyard Space BY WEEKEND GARDENER STAFF

s the temperature drops, your backyard shed becomes more than just a place to stash the lawnmower. With a little creativity and preparation, it can serve as a cozy, practical space all winter long. Whether you’re storing holiday decorations, protecting tools from the cold, or transforming it into a festive retreat, now is the perfect time to give your shed some winter attention. Start by checking for drafts or leaks. Cold air and moisture can warp wood and damage whatever you’re storing. Sealing gaps around doors and windows with weatherstripping and adding insulation can make a surprising difference. If you plan to use the space regularly, consider a small space heater or radiant panels to keep it comfortable.

Many homeowners also use winter as a time to reorganize. After the holidays, pack away decorations in labeled bins and hang tools or hoses neatly on wall hooks. Clear pathways inside so you can access items easily without dragging snow or mud through the space. For those who love a creative touch, a shed can become a winter hideaway. String up warm lights, add a small table and chair, and you have a rustic spot for sipping cocoa or wrapping gifts away from the bustle of the house. Whether it’s a workshop, storage hub, or backyard retreat, a well-prepared shed can serve you all season. With a few smart upgrades, your little outbuilding can be both functional and festive through the coldest months.

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The Best Roofs for Winter Weather BY WEEKEND GARDENER STAFF

hen winter storms roll in, your roof becomes the first line of defense against snow, ice, and freezing rain. Choosing the right roofing material can make all the difference in how well your home stays warm, dry, and energy-efficient through the coldest months. Metal roofing is one of the top choices for winter climates. Its smooth surface allows snow and ice to slide off easily, reducing the risk of heavy buildup that can cause leaks or structural damage. Metal is also highly durable and can last 40 to 70 years with minimal maintenance. Asphalt shingles remain the most common option for homeowners because they’re affordable and perform well in moderate winter conditions. Look for impact-resistant shingles designed to

withstand freeze-thaw cycles and strong winds. Proper attic ventilation and insulation will help prevent ice dams from forming along the edges. Slate and composite slate roofs offer excellent longevity and natural resistance to cold and moisture, though they tend to be heavier and more expensive. For homeowners who love the look of wood, cedar shakes can provide great insulation and a classic aesthetic, but they require regular maintenance to resist moisture damage. No matter the material, proper installation is key. A well-sealed underlayment, ice and water shield, and clean gutters all help your roof perform its best in harsh conditions. Investing in a winter-ready roof not only protects your home but also keeps your family warm and comfortable until spring arrives.

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reserving Home rebuilds the homes of vulnerable neighbors in partnership with local communities. The Cary-based nonprofit makes structural home repairs, safety and accessibility modifications, and energy efficiency upgrades across the Triangle and surrounding areas. Families who receive assistance consistently report improvements such as increased mobility, better respiratory function, lead poisoning recovery, fewer falls, lower utility bills and other positive life changes. With impact reaching beyond the walls of one home, Preserving Home also extends the lifespan of affordable housing, fostering healthier, more sustainable communities. Since January, Preserving Home has received more than 500 applications from eligible homeowners seeking repair services. The organization is on track to complete more than 300 comprehensive home repairs by year-end. Hundreds of our neighbors live in unacceptable conditions without the means to move or to improve their living situations. Your gift helps provide safe, healthy homes for years to come. Preserving Home also accepts in-kind donations of ramps, tools and building supplies, and occasionally works with sponsored volunteer groups.

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Driving a Prius or another hybrid? King’s certified hybrid technicians specialize in high-voltage battery pack diagnostics and replacements for less than dealer costs—an important service as you approach 150,000 miles. Call King’s today to schedule your courtesy battery analysis. Conveniently located at 1039 North West Street in downtown Raleigh or online at KingAutomotive.net. King’s Auto Service—Raleigh’s trusted auto care since 1946.

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ANNUAL FLOWERS

The Zen in Zinnias BY MIKE RALEY

y mother-in-law, Jean Reeves, was smart, hardworking, industrious, caring, and beautiful. She loved gardening and taught her equally lovely daughters about vegetables and flowers and how they coexist in nature. When I fell in love with Melissa, I also fell in love with her parents’ extraordinary and expansive dairy farm. The vegetable garden was always spacious, pristine, and delicious. Jean’s talent for growing flowers was equally impressive. Her sizable zinnia garden was unforgettable for its vivid color display. I always thought a low-flying pilot might circle around for another look.

A Garden of Calm As for the “zen” in zinnias, the Buddhist practice of Zen emphasizes meditation, simplicity, and being present in the moment. Deep breaths and the multicolored brilliance of hundreds of zinnias can bring anyone to a state of peace on a midsummer day. That’s how I felt so long

ago, standing and gazing at that stunning plot of blooms.

A Flower for Everyone Zinnia elegans truly lives up to its name. It grows beautifully in most regions of North Carolina and comes in a dazzling range of shapes, colors, and sizes. Zinnias are annuals in the Tar Heel State and bloom from spring through fall, depending on your region. They appear in shades of red, pink, yellow, purple, orange, green, and many combinations. According to the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, zinnias can grow anywhere from 8 inches to 4 feet tall. Disease-resistant varieties include the Profusion, Zahara, and Oklahoma series. Other colorful cultivars to consider are Zowie Yellow Flame, Persian Carpet, Zinderella Peach, Profusion Apricot, Green Envy, and Pop Art. There are single, double, and semi-double blooms to suit every gardener’s taste.

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

Native to Mexico, zinnias thrive in full sun— at least six hours daily.

Planting and Care Zinnias should be planted after the last frost in your area. In Raleigh, the average last frost date is April 15. You can buy seeds in packets or bulk, or transplant established seedlings if available. Sow seeds directly into prepared soil, as our Weekend Gardener theme song says. Space plants about 9 to 12 inches apart to promote airflow and reduce the chance of powdery mildew, their most common disease. Good air circulation is essential. Other possible issues include leaf spot, root rot, or blight, but these are easily avoided by proper spacing and planting in well-drained soil. Choose disease-resistant varieties whenever possible. The extension service also notes that deer rarely bother zinnias, which makes them even more desirable. Like most plants, zinnias prefer moist, welldrained soil enriched with compost or organic

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

matter. They do not need heavy fertilizing; if you choose to use fertilizer, select one low in nitrogen. To keep your zinnias blooming their brightest, deadhead spent flowers throughout summer. This encourages new blossoms and prolongs the colorful show.

Pollinator Paradise Pollinators adore zinnias. Butterflies, bees, and hummingbirds are drawn to their bright colors and nectar. Other beneficial insects are also attracted to the blooms, making zinnias a smart and vibrant choice for any pollinator-friendly garden.

Color and Calm If you want to bring a little joy and serenity to your garden, color your landscape the way Jean Reeves did. Her zinnia beds didn’t just brighten the farm—they brightened hearts. Plant some zinnias this year, and you might just find your own little moment of Zen in the garden.

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WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

SEASONAL FLAVORS

The 10 Most Beloved Traditional Christmas Dishes BY WEEKEND GARDENER STAFF

hristmas dinner is a time capsule of family memories, from the sizzling of a roast to the creamy swirl of mashed potatoes and the sweet tang of cranberry sauce. Every family has its own traditions, but some dishes are simply universal. Based on Allrecipes’ roundup of 22 holiday classics, these 10 stand out as the most popular, crowd-pleasing staples that define a truly traditional Christmas feast.

1. Honey-Glazed Ham It’s hard to imagine Christmas without the centerpiece glimmer of a golden, crackling ham. Chef John’s honey glaze, sticky and sweet, caramelizes to perfection and delivers everything a holiday main course should: shine, aroma, and a sound you can hear when carving. Whether spi-

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

ral-cut or whole, it’s a dish that brings everyone to the table.

2. Christmas Prime Rib For those who like their holiday table a little more indulgent, prime rib reigns supreme. Rubbed with horseradish and mustard, then slow-roasted to rosy perfection, it’s the kind of meal that feels both luxurious and comforting, a true celebration of the season.

3. Roast Turkey and Gravy Some families stay loyal to their Thanksgiving favorite, bringing turkey back for an encore. Chef John’s version is buttery and flavorful, with seasoned butter tucked under the skin for maximum juiciness. The rich homemade gravy seals the deal.

4. Mom’s Scalloped Potatoes A bubbling dish of scalloped potatoes layered with thin-sliced spuds, onions, and creamy sauce is pure nostalgia. This side dish is warm, hearty, and perfectly suited for soaking up gravy or ham glaze. Every bite tastes like home.

5. Green Bean Casserole This classic casserole has stood the test of time for one simple reason: it’s delicious. Tender green beans, creamy mushroom sauce, and a golden layer of fried onions make this side dish both comforting and irresistibly crunchy.

6. Holiday Mashed Potatoes Nothing says “holiday table” like a bowl of mashed potatoes rich with butter and cream. They’re the blank canvas that lets every other dish shine, the soft counterpart to all the savory stars of the meal.

7. Holiday Cranberry Sauce Cranberry sauce adds brightness and tang to an otherwise rich spread. Whether whole-berry or smooth, it’s the perfect balance of sweet and

tart, and the splash of red on every plate looks as festive as it tastes.

8. Beef Wellington If you want a showstopper, this is it. Tender filet wrapped in a flaky puff pastry crust with mushrooms and Dijon tucked inside is elegant, theatrical, and ideal for anyone looking to impress on Christmas Eve.

9. Candied Sweet Potatoes Sweet, buttery, and crowned with golden marshmallows, this Southern favorite blurs the line between side dish and dessert. It’s indulgent but nostalgic and for many families, absolutely non-negotiable on the holiday table.

10. Christmas Pomegranate Salad Even the richest feast needs a splash of freshness. This vibrant salad with jewel-toned pomegranate seeds, greens, nuts, and creamy cheese adds a pop of color and crunch that balances all the heavier flavors. It’s light, festive, and beautiful enough to be a centerpiece on its own.

WEEKEND GARDENER | HOME, GARDEN, COMMUNITY WINTER 2025

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