Water Melon Cultivation

Watermelon

Cultivation From seed to fruit complete crop protection

Watermelon

About Water Melon Watermelon is everyone’s favorite summer fruit. It is a sweet, edible fruit that has a green rind on the outside and edible red-colored flesh with blackcolored seeds on the inside. The color of the flesh varies from pink to red. There are some varieties of watermelon that have yellow flesh. According to botanists, this cool fruit has its origins in the African deserts about five thousand years ago.

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1,200

varieties of

watermelon are grown worldwide.

Watermelon is grown in countries worldwide

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Some varieties of watermelon need warm days to fully ripen

Important Facts

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Here are some interesting facts about watermelon

Watermelon only began growing in China in the

10th

century and Europe in the

13th

century

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Watermelon

Key Sources of watermelon Cultivation

Farmers need natural resources , such as land, air, nutrients, water and sunlight for heathy crop. Every crop is highly dependent on the climate.

Climate affects all components of crop production. The second key component is soil.

It is a key element of agriculture. Without it we wouldn´t be able to grow plants, which are used as food for both humans and animals. Like climate or soil Water is also very important for both livestock and for plants. It forms a large part of all plant tissues as well as being an essential component of all animal body cells. In crop agriculture, water is an important climatic factor. It affects or determines plant growth . And the last process is harvesting. It is the process of gathering a ripe crop from the fields. For maximum vase life of cut flowers, harvest flowers daily at their proper stage of development. Harvesting too early or too late significantly reduces the vase life of the flowers. With these sources farmers can easily grow a healthy crop.

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Climate requirement for WatermelonCultivation Being a warm season crop, the plant requires ample sunshine and dry weather for production of fruits. In case they are grown in places where winter is prevalent, then they must be provided with adequate protection from cold and frost. They are extremely sensitive to the slightest of frost and hence care must be taken to keep the frost away from the crop. 24-27â °C is ideal for the seed germination and growth of watermelon plants. A cool night would ensure ample development of sugars in the fruit.

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Watermelon

pH level between 6.0 - 7.5.

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Soil Requirement for Watermelon Cultivation Watermelons grow best in sandy loam soil that drains easily. It also grows well in black soil and sandy soil. However, they must have a good amount of organic content and must not withhold water. Water must easily drain o from the soil else the vines are likely to develop fungal infections. The pH of the soil must be between 6.0 and 7.5.

Acidic soil would result in withering away of the seeds. While soil with a neutral pH is preferred, it can also grow well even if the soil is slightly alkaline.

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Water Requirement for Watermelon Cultivation Watermelon is a dry season crop and it must be planted with irrigation. The watermelon beds are irrigated two days prior to sowing and then again 5 days after sowing the seeds. As the plant grows, irrigation is done on a weekly basis. Attention must be paid to water stress at the time of irrigation since it can lead to fruit cracking.

While irrigating, water must be restricted to the root zone of the plant. Wetting of vines or other vegetative parts must be avoided especially during owering or fruiting time as wetting can lead to withering away of the owers, fruits or even the plant as a whole.

In addition, wetting of the vegetative parts can also lead to development of fungal diseases.

Irrigated two days prior to sowing

Moisture must be maintained near the roots so that the plants develop taproot system. As the fruits near maturity, irrigation frequency is reduced and it is completely stopped during the harvesting stage. This helps in developing avor and sweetness in the fruit.

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Watermelon

Pest, Weed and Disease Management A number of insect species and disease including beetles, caterpillars, mites and thrips, can damage the plant. Aphids can be very damaging as they are the vector for mosaic viruses. Sliver leaf whitey has the potential to extensively damage crops. It is very diďŹƒcult to control and produces copious quantities of honeydew, resulting in the presence of sooty mould. It is the vector of gemini viruses.

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Red pumpkin beetle

Fruit fly

Aphid

Thrips

Whitefly

Leaf eating caterpillar

Serpentine leaf miner

Harmful Pest Red spider mite 8

Watermelon

Downy mildew

Bud necrosis disease

Fusarium wilt 9

Powdery mildew

Anthracnose

Alternaria leaf spot

Mosaic disease

Harmful Diseases

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Chenopodium album

Anagallis arvensis

Fumaria parviora

Harmful Weed

Blue grass

Digitaria sanguinalis

Dactyloctenium aegyptium

Melilotus indica L 10

Watermelon

HPM’S CONTRIBUTION HPM is a highly focused research driven agrochemical company. Every day HPM touches thousand of lives. At HPM, we want make agriculture better for farmers and families. we pledge to do so in a transparent and sustainable way. In future we will do more than treat agricultural problems—we will aim to make a remarkable impact on farmer’s lives.

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24 Karat Dose : 1.2-2 ml in ltr of water 24 Karat is unique combination of Sea weed extracts and GA . Gibberellic Acid acts synergistically with plant metabolism and accelerates the growth f u n c t i o n s o f t h e p l a n t . Also improves the

physiological efficiency of the crop by stimulating the hormonal and enzymatic activities and increases the yield and quantity of the crop produce. 24 Karat mobilizes reserves in seed to germinating point leading to breaking of seed dormancy and faster germination 24 Karat stimulates cell division and elongation that causes internodes to stretch leading to better growth of the plant. Improves taste and quality of fruits , and enhances their marketability specific to crop. Improves photosynthesis and plant

metabolism, Improves leaf area and root system.

Regulates GA: ABA ratio leading to less flower and fruit drop. It increases stem length in flowers grown for export.

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Watermelon

Aasra Dose : 5 ml in 15 ltr of water 24 Karat is unique combination of Sea weed extracts and GA . Gibberellic Acid acts synergistically with plant metabolism and accelerates the growth functions of the plant. Also improves the

physiological efficiency of the crop by stimulating the hormonal and enzymatic activities and increases the yield and quantity of the crop produce. 24 Karat mobilizes reserves in seed to germinating point leading to breaking of seed dormancy and faster germination 24 Karat stimulates cell division and elongation that causes internodes to stretch leading to better growth of the plant. Improves taste and quality of fruits , and enhances their marketability specific to crop.

Improves photosynthesis and plant metabolism, Improves leaf area and root system. Regulates GA: ABA ratio leading to less flower and fruit drop. It increases stem length in flowers grown for export.

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HPM Gold Dose : 4 kg / acre HPM GOLD is unique product containing microbes as Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) and has broad spectrum action in granular form. It contains granular spores and other propagules of VAM Mycorrhizal Fungi in a granular carrier and has broad spectrum fertilizer activity. Due to high solubility in water it is absorbed rapidly through plants and roots, resulting maximum supply of compost and micronutrient to the crop. roots growth with excellent root setting, resulting greenness by vanishing yellowing in crop. It helps in greater utilization of nutrients, and provides plant protection from disease causing organism to the root and also makes insect resistant plant. It is completely safe to use HPM Gold. It also combats with the drought and stress loss by the crop. Its mycelial threads penetrate inward into the root, thereby increasing the surface area for absorption and translocation of essential plant nutrients including Phosphorus, Nitrogen, Sulphur, Calcium, Zinc and copper.

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Watermelon

Heera Zinc Plus 250 gm per acre / 250 ltr. of water Zinc is most important nutrient in all the micro nutrient.

It used manly in to improve nutrient growth in Soil.

It improves the health and makes greenery in crops.

It acts as resistant against disease and gives proper growth.

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Harvesting of watermelon If tendril near stem gets dried also whitish color of fruit which touch to ground get yellowish then assume that fruit is ready for harvesting. On thumping melon if it sounds hollow (usually as a dull thump or thud) then it is ready for harvest and immature fruit sounds dense. Dont pick immature fruits as they ripe only when attached to vine. Immature fruit don’t have rich sugar content or color. To harvest ripe fruit, cut stem 1" from fruit with a pair of sharp pruners or knife. Fruit can be stored in a cool humid environment.

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