Samba

SAMBA Isoprothiolane 40% EC

Systemic fungicide with protective and curative action

SAMBA Systemic fungicide with protective and curative action. Absorbed by the leaves and roots, with translocation acropetally and basipetally. Effective internal absorption bactericide, with special good effect for Rice neck blast & Rice leaf blast. Also used on rice to accelerate rooting, promote root elongation and control non-parasitic damping. Samba effectively protects the developing rice leaves from invasion and spread of the blast disease fungus. Suppress the penetration of the fungus and inhibits the elongation of the infection hyphae of the fungus. Inhibits sporulation of lesions caused by the blast fungus of rice leaves.

DOSE : 300 ML/ACRE

CROP (RICE) Rice as a crop. Rice is the most important human food crop in the world, directly feeding more people than any other crop. ... Rice is unique because it can grow in wet environments that other crops cannot survive in. It is the most important cereal of tropical climate. This plant is an annual grass. The inorescence is panicle containing a number of branches, each terminating in a single grain. Rice is the chief source of carbohydrates. Polished rice is less nutritive. Straw is used as livestock feed. In Japan, alcoholic beverages are also distilled from the grains of rice. Recently, from the husk of paddy, a cooking (rice bran oil) oil is extracted. Now, biodiesel is obtained from rice bran oil.

Rice is the major food of half of the world's population. Particularly in the eastern hemisphere it is the staple food. Rice cultivation is the only source of income for majority of people in our country. Rice was domesticated as early as 3500 BC, and by about 2,000 years ago it was grown in almost all of the present-day cultivation areas, predominantly deltas, oodplains and coastal plains, and some terraced valley slopes.

DISEASE (BLAST) Hundreds of millions of people world-wide depend on rice as a staple food . A crop failure, for any reason, poses a real threat of starvation. Rice blast, caused by a fungus, causes lesions to form on leaves, stems, peduncles, panicles, seeds, and even roots. So great is the potential threat for crop failure from this disease that it has been ranked among the most important plant diseases of them all.

The fungus that causes rice blast is called Magnaporthe oryzae . It is an ascomycete because it produces sexual spores (ascospores) in structures called asci, and is classiďŹ ed in the newly erected family Magnaporthaceae. The asci are found within specialized structures called perithecia. The mycelium of M. oryzae is septate and the nuclei within the mycelium and spores of this fungus are haploid.

The symptoms of rice blast include lesions that can be found on all parts of the plant, including leaves, leaf collars, necks, panicles, pedicels, and seeds. A recent report shows that even roots can become infected.

However, the most common and diagnostic symptom, diamond shaped lesions, of rice blast occur on the leaves, whereas lesions on the sheaths are relatively rare.

SYMPTOMS

Rice leaves The symptoms on leaves may vary according to the environmental conditions, the age of the plant, and the levels of resistance of the host cultivars. On susceptible cultivars, lesions may initially appear gray-green and water-soaked with a darker green border and they expand rapidly to several centimeters in length. On susceptible cultivars, older lesions often become light tan in color with necrotic borders.

On resistant cultivars, lesions often remain small in size (1-2 mm) and brown to dark brown in color.

SYMPTOMS

Rice collars The collar of a rice plant refers to the junction of the leaf and the stem sheath.

Symptoms of infection of the collars consist of a general area of necrosis at the union of the two tissues . Collar infections can kill the entire leaf and may extend a few millimeters into and around the sheath. The fungus may produce spores on these lesions.2 mm) and brown to dark brown in color.

SYMPTOMS Rice necks and panicles The neck of the rice plant refers to that portion of the stem that rises above the leaves and supports the seed head or panicle. Necks are often infected at the node by the rice blast fungus and infection leads to a condition called rotten neck or neck b l a st . I n f e c t i o n o f t h e n e c ks c a n b e ve r y destructive, causing failure of the seeds to ďŹ ll (a condition called blanking) or causing the entire panicle to fall over as if rotted. The rice blast fungus can also infect the panicles as the seeds form . Lesions can be found on the panicle branches, spikes, and spikelets. The lesions are often gray brown discolorations of the branches of the panicle, and, over time, the branches may break at the lesion.

SYMPTOMS

Rice Seed The fungus has often been isolated from the pedicels of the seeds. Seeds are not produced when pedicels become infected, a condition called blanking. Symptoms of rice blast on seeds themselves consist of brown spots, blotches , and occasionally the classic diamond-shaped lesion often seen on leaves.

The process and the time during which infection of seeds by spores of the pathogen occurs has not been fully described but recent information shows that the fungus can infect seeds by infecting the orets as they mature into seeds, and it is believed that this is the main way seed infection develops.

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