The Mountain Spirit - Sept./Oct. 1986

T h e M o u n ta in Sp irit: The Magazine o f the Christian Appalachian Project Septem ber-O ctober 1986

V ol. V , N o. 5

Contents Features 4

. . . v ia B eatty v ille nfrw

by Giovanna Burks Godby Huda Jones, of Beattyville, holds office in the National Federation of Republican Women.

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First T im e by Garry Barker At the age of thirteen, Elsie Ward sets her cap for Harper Watts.

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Craft Industry, p. 22

C hanges in the W ind by Glen Edward Taul Greg Stumbo, of Preston sburg, is the first eastern Kentuckian to serve as House Majority Leader in the Kentucky General Assembly in 50 years.

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K e n tu ck y ’s V ital Craft In dustry by Margaret Gabriel “ Political support has been critical to the crafts program,” according to Crit Luellen, Commissioner of the Department of the Arts.

Mary Mundy, p. 14

Huda Jones, p. 4

The September-October Theme

Departments 3 13 14 16 17

From O u r F o u n d er Letters T h e C A P C loseup R an d o m T houghts A round the Project

In the fall of the year, K en tu ck ian s’ thoughts tu rn to politics. . . w hether it’s election year or not! H ere we look at several aspects of th a t p art of life in K entucky. O n the C O V E R , H u d a Jo n es, of Beattyville (photo courtesy of H u d a Jo n es). O n the B A C K C O V E R , n atu re settles in for a long w inters n ap (photo by Jo rd a n ).

P ublished by the C h ristian A ppalachian P roject; E ditor, M a rg aret G abriel; A ssociate E d itor, G iovanna Burks G odby; A d visory B oard, F ath er R alp h W . Beiting, M ike M cL aughlin, Leslie B. L arsen, Ja c k M o rris, Bill Begley, Doyle F ortney, R an d o lp h Jo rd a n ; G raphics C oordinator, D ebbie Fraley W ilson; C irculation M anager, T h eresa Richey. The Mountain Spirit is published six tim es a year. T h e an n u al subscription price is $5.00. Subscriptions an d o th er correspondence should be sent to The Moun­ tain Spirit, C h ristian A ppalachian P roject, 322 C rab O rch ard R o a d , L ancaster, K entucky 40446. C o p yright 1986. T h e C h ristian A ppalachian P roject, Inc. All rights reserved. M em b er, C atholic Press A ssociation. T h e C h ristian A ppalachian Project is a non-profit C h ristian service organization operating th ro u g h o u t E astern K entucky. T h e project operates on the philosophy th at “ helping people help them selves” is the best approach to A ppalachian poverty.

From Our Founder When I was a boy, you could purchase a postcard about the wonders of Kentucky in almost any store where tourists were likely to come. Among other things, the card stated that in Ken­ tucky the sunsets were the grandest, the women the prettiest, the horses the fastest and the politics the damnedest. From time to time, I am sure all of us have thought that our own state had the worst politics imaginable. Just the other day, I saw that a dead man was elected to a high office in a neighboring state. His death had been well-publicized, but he was well liked. What better way to let him know he would be missed? I am afraid that, because some politicians have behaved rather badly, we have come to the conclu­ sion that politics are bad —even rotten —and that a decent God-fearing man or woman should avoid running for office or even voting for the scoun­ drels up for election. I believe this attitude has kept many a good per­ son from seeking public office and is, in part, responsible for so small a percentage of our people voting. Politics is not a bad word; it is not a shameful state. Politics is democracy at work. It is a science in which a society made up of many different and, at times, conflicting views seeks to advance the good of the majority and protect the rights of the minority. Politics takes its direction and force from the people of the community. Since people are human and finite, they can and do make mistakes. No one has all the needed wisdom. And, people are weak. Frequently we seek our own interest when the good of others is plainly more pressing. These conditions will be with the human family till the end of time. As a conse­ quence, politics will suffer because of our frailties and sins. But, the answer does not lie in blowing the system or condemning politics as an evil occupa­ tion. Rather, it consists in making people better, re-establishing the ideals set forth in our documents of independence and in the Holy Scrip­ tures from which they get their meaning and pur­ pose. Politics needs religion. By that I mean politics needs mankind in harmony with its Creator. Religion in its most fundamental sense is just that —man bound to God in peace. When this ocSeptember-October 1986

F ath er B e itin g talk s w ith w orkers in T y n er .

curs, mankind is at its finest and best, and politics becomes an instrument for justice, equality and harmony. When I mention religion, I don’t mean a par­ ticular denomination. In a pluralistic society such as ours, we are all asked to take a step beyond ourselves and our own interest. We must respect the dignity of our brother if we are to retain our own. The task of being elected today is one that in­ volves great expense. If we are not careful, only the wealthy will be our representatives, and this would be a tragedy. The only alternative is generosity. We must donate and contribute to noble causes and dedicated people. Liberty and justice are the most precious and expensive commodities in our social system. We must support generously good can­ didates. We need to get involved with politics. We must work for the candidates of our choice. We must speak his or her good news, so that others can make an informed judgement. We need to reward our good politicians. Salaries for our public offices should be fair —even generous as an incentive to remain honest and caring. We need to publicly express our appreciation for our good leaders. Too often the only time they hear from us is when we need and want a favor. Send them a thank you note from time to time. Praise for good accomplished is a duty we all owe. If politics in our state does become the damnedest, it is because we didn’t care enough, become involved enough or pray enough. Politics will become the greatest when we the people become the finest. 3

Photo courtesy of Huda Jones

The N ational Federation of Republican Women . . . via Beattyville

b y G iovan n a Burks G odby

The Mountain Spirit

Reprinted with permissions from the Courier Journal and Louisville Times

W h o would have ever guessed that a little girl who once handed out pamphlets on election day in Mummy, Kentucky, would, as an adult in 1986, be the First Vice-President of the nation’s largest women’s political organization? That woman is Huda Jones, a resident of Beattyville, Kentucky, and the organization is the National Federation of Republican Women (NFRW). “We are not a ‘meet and eat’ group,” explains Huda. “We are considered the educational arm of the Republican Party . . . and very few candidates would run without involving us. We make calls and stuff envelopes, but we also want to be in on the decision-making process.”

Pete Souza, The White House

NFRW boasts 160,000 members with more than 2,600 local unit clubs in fifty states, Puerto Rico and Guam. Statistics show that in places where a local unit of NFRW exists, more Republicans are elected to office.

Bill Fitz-Patrick, The White House

“It is our numbers that make us strong. When you have 160,000 women uniting on a particular cause, you get a response,” smiles Huda. Through an intricate web of networking called the Com­ prehensive Advocacy Program, women, both Democratic and Republican, are asked to call their senators and congressmen to voice support for a particular issue. The hotline is initiated by the NFRW president and implemented through regional directors, then state and local presidents. Within forty-eight hours, thousands of letters, telegrams, and phone calls to senators and con­ gressmen are generated. The 1981 Tax Reform Program is a prime example. The hotline was so successful in gleaning support for the President’s program that he and the Vice-President attended the 1981 NFRW convention in Colorado to thank the women personally. “We are successful because we lobby in number and as a constituent, not just as a Republican,” explains Huda. “Anytime you have an ongoing educational pro­ gram, not just Republican, I feel that you have better government,” says Huda. “Anytime, and especially in the mountains, when you have a county totally dominated by the Republican Par­ ty, and in another part of eastern Kentucky, you have a county dominated by the Democratic Par­ ty, I feel that our school systems suffer, and many of the programs suffer because there is not enough open discussion, and that is what politics really is. Whenever that ‘conversation’—that exchange of differing viewpoints —is lacking, you’re cramping the success of whatever the project may be.” Open discussion is causing a gradual wave of change in eastern Kentucky. There was a time when one could be certain that a Democrat would be elected in a given county while a Republican September-October 1986

H u d a n u m b ers m a n y p o litic a l d ig n ita r ies am ong h er a cq u a in ta n ces.

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would be a “shoo-in” in another. Today, it’s not that simple. According to Huda, “In many elec­ tions over the last ten or fifteen years, it has not been a sure thing. It just goes to show that people are beginning to think more about qualifications, who can do the best for the greatest number, in­ stead of he or she is a Republican or a Democrat.” NFRW was the brainchild, in 1938, of then Co­ chairperson of the National Republican Party, Marion Martin, as a means for women to become more actively involved in politics. In 1938, eleven state federations first met at the Palmer House in Chicago. Ms. Martin is still an active member of the Federation and must feel a great deal of satisfaction at the growth of the organization which she founded. As late as 1979, members were still paying an­ nual dues of ten cents. That was the year that Bill Broch, Chairperson of the Republican Commit­ tee, suggested that NFRW find a way to be selfsupportive instead of relying so greatly on the Republican Party for financial assistance. In a bold and somewhat controversial move, NFRW raised their annual dues to $3.00. In addition, they began a direct mail campaign and created the Regents Program made up of people who con­ tribute $1,000 or $5,000 to NFRW. As a result of their fund raising efforts, NFRW is today selfsupportive with a $1.5 million budget. Forty-four percent of the budgetary needs are met by dues, and fifty-six percent are met by direct mail and the Regents Program. Funds are used to perpetuate educational pro­ grams sponsored by the organization. Campaign Management School is an educational program held for Republicans interested in planning, financ­ ing and operating campaigns. Since 1979, when the school was first offered, more than 3,500 peo­ ple have completed the two-and-one-half day seminar nationwide. In 1983, Women Candidate Seminars were started. This program is essentially a Campaign Management School designed specifically for women candidates. The organiza­ tion also sponsors the Polling School for volunteers interested in learning polling pro­ cedure. Since 1979, when the workshop began, volunteers have provided professionally accurate and reliable political polling at low cost for Republican candidates across the nation. NFRW also uses funds to address some very real social issues facing the nation today. One special program of NFRW is Caring for America where members raise funds for shelters for bat­ tered women and abused children, as well as the fingerprinting of children. Pathfinder is another NFRW program where $1,000 scholarships are awarded to young women studying alcohol and drug abuse. The scholarship, named in honor of 6

Nancy Reagan and her efforts against substance abuse, was established two years ago. “We feel that in order to be successful politically, you can­ not overlook the importance of truly caring for the people who need your help,” says Huda. “It’s very hard to ask people to support your program when you’ve ignored them eleven months out of the year.” In 1982, the Lee County Republican Women, in Huda’s hometown of Beattyville, took an active role in addressing the immediate needs of flood victims in Pikeville, Kentucky. Again through net­ working, each of the fifty-six members asked their churches to donate brooms, mops, towels, sheets, candy, toothbrushes and so on. The response was overwhelming, and the Lee County Republican Women raised the money to send the donations through UPS to another Republican woman in Pikeville who oversaw the distribution. “As you do political work, you have to care for your fellow man, woman or child. You do not have a separate identity. You have to be sincerely involved on a day to day basis —not just long enough to get your candidate elected.” Huda ran, unsuccessfully, for state office in 1975. When asked about her campaign for Secretary of State, she philosophically replies, “In politics, you always have to be able to lose. You work like your life depends on it, and you serious­ ly work to win. But, if there is one thing that the word ‘perseverance’ applies to, it’s politics. I persevere. By perseverance, I mean not holding

IS

P resid en t R eagan at the N F R W co n v e n tio n . The Mountain Spirit

grudges against anyone or getting mad at any par­ ticular man or woman.” Huda does not rule out the possibility of run­ ning for public office again, but for now, her sights are set on another goal. She explains, “My overall main objective is to be National President of NFRW. I feel that IVe really come up from member-at-large, to four years as secretary, four years as second vice and now as first vice, so I real­ ly feel that I’ve had the experience necessary to be NFRW president, and that’s my number one ob­ jective.” Huda attributes her interest in politics to that time she was nine years old and handed out palm cards on election day for a candidate in Mummy, Kentucky. Actually, her father had been asked to hand out the palm cards but was unable to do so when the “tobacco season” came early, and he had to strip tobacco. Huda “filled in” for her father at the precinct in Mummy. Her candidate won, and she remembers, “In my mind, I did it! I can still remember that keen anticipation that you get of your team winning. I really feel that it was that winning, first time, that got me started.” As First Vice-President, Huda is assigned to visit and help start new clubs in Georgia, South Carolina, Tennessee, Florida, Alabama and Puer­ to Rico. In addition, she travels to locations where the president cannot attend. As of the middle of June, Huda’s 1986 travels took her to Sarasota, Florida; Topeka, Kansas; St. Louis, Missouri; Memphis, Tennessee; Columbia, South Carolina; Huntsville, Alabama; to name a few. g

Huda’s pursuits in politics are well-supported by her family. Her daughter, Lita, sons, Pick and Tom, and husband, William Pryse “Booge,” hit the campaign trail during Huda’s run for office in 1975. Huda speculates that a penchant for politics may be inherited. Lita graduated from Vanderbilt with a degree in English and a minor concentra­ tion in political science. Tom graduated from the University of Kentucky last spring with a degree in political science and he now attends law school. Pick is in his senior year at the University of Ken­ tucky pursuing a degree in political science. Huda says, “I don’t know that they ever have any in­ terest in being a candidate themselves, but they are very interested in what’s going on around them politically.” Huda would like to see young people better versed in political issues and government. She ex­ plains, “There is not as much emphasis put on government as part of school curriculum as there used to be. This is not just the case in Kentucky but all over the nation.” The NFRW was alarmed by a study recently published by the US Chamber of Commerce about high school students’ views of the free enterprise system. According to the study, “Sixty-two per­ cent of high school students queried think govern­ ment has the responsibility to provide jobs, and sixty-three percent were in favor of government ownership of banks, railroads and steel com­ panies. Eighty-six percent had no opinion when asked whether government should take over in­ dustry.” As a result, the NFRW established the Free Enterprise Program under the leadership of Judy Hughes, NFRW President. A primer, Why America is called ‘The Land o f Opportunity’ was published which explains free enterprise in a sim­ ple and understandable style. It will be used in workshops and seminars sponsored by local unit clubs for high school students and even their parents. The primer will be furnished to school boards, high schools and junior high schools. “It is important to the free enterprise system of our country to have a better understanding of the system,” says Huda. The Free Enterprise Program is just one more way that NFRW hopes to stimulate the “open discussion” known as “politics.” And, it is their hope that the “open discussion” will continue to involve more and more people. In the process, the NFRW will continue to be a vital part of the Republican party. That fact is best stated by Huda as she says, “It is a very rewarding feeling knowing that you are building a party that you truly believe in. I really feel that the women have played a definite role in electing Republicans and building our party the way we are today.” CAP 7

While Elsie Ward’s little brothers tried vainly to control the fierce stallion Kaiser, Elsie’s mount for the ride back and forth to the schoolhouse at Stark was the plodding, 20 year old white mare Kate. Gentle, weary Kate, who never moved faster than a slow walk and was perfectly content to spend the schooldays munching grass and switching flies, had been Mack Ward’s saddle horse for 15 years, and Mack would trust his oldest daughter’s safety to no other animal. Elsie, a budding 13 year old, would have greatly preferred the highstepping roan Kaiser, or even the spotted young mare Della that her brother Nelson rode on the days he went to school. Mack chuckled at Elsie’s plea for a livelier riding horse. “It’s bad enough, the way folks see it, that you can ride like a trooper,” laughed Mack. “They think I’m a fool already for letting a nearly growed woman go to school like a youngen. You’ll have to make do with old Kate, Elsie.” He smiled. “That old mare and me almost growed up together.” Mack waited, then added, “Of course, you could walk to school.” “Walk?” Elsie stiffened. “It’s more’n five miles to Stark.” Mack shrugged. “Most of the others walks. It ain’t as far if you cut across the ridge on the footpath.” “They’s snakes up there,” Elsie said grimly. The Mountain Spirit

“Then I’d reckon old Kate don’t look so bad, does she?” Mack grinned. “Don’t worry, Elsie. Them boys ain’t gonna pay no attention to what kind of horse you ride.” “I don’t care what boys thinks,” sniffed Elsie, blushing. “Not even Kenny Watts?” teased Mack. “Specially not him,” said Elsie. “Them Watts boys, they ain’t got a lick of sense. Kenneth, he killed a copperhead by getting it by the tail and snapping it like a whip.” Her eyes widened. “And he said Harper, his big brother, is helping Micah Moon make whiskey.” Mack smiled grimly. “Them boys has had a hard time of it, since their daddy got shot. I ain’t ever gonna forget the look on Harper’s face —him not but eight or nine year old —when I went to get Web’s horse and saddle.” “You mean Kaiser?” asked Elsie. Mack nodded. “Webster Watts swapped me two heifers for that horse when he first come home from the Army. After he got killed I bought him back, and danged if I know why I’ve kept the fool. Ain’t fit to ride, ain’t good for much of nothing.” He sighed. “Not more’n a month ago Harper was asking me to sell Kaiser back to him. Wants his daddy’s old saddle and stuff, too, that’s up in the loft.” “Are you going to sell the horse to Harper?” asked Elsie. “I would,” said Mack, “if the boy could ever come up with $50. Ain’t much chance of that, with him having to help feed them little youngens.” “That’s why you keep Kaiser, ain’t it?” asked Elsie. “You’re keeping him for Harper Watts.” “You could say that,” agreed Mack. “Or, you could say I just like having a feisty horse around the place.” He grinned. “I keep you, don’t I?” “Are you calling me a horse?” screeched Elsie. “Nope,” smiled Mack. “Just feisty.” “Is that bad?” asked Elsie, smiling. “Not by my way of thinking,” chuckled Mack. “But they is them that thinks a woman’s place is September-October 1986

to keep her mouth shut and her hands busy.” “Well,” Elsie arched, her hands on her hips. “/ ain’t going to have no man what thinks like that.” “Whatever man you pick, girl,” laughed Mack, “is gonna know right off that he’s in for hard times.” “I ain’t going to be treated like no dumb woman,” snapped Elsie. “Just having babies and cooking and washing out dirty clothes. Why, I can ride better’n Nelson or Jack, and handle a team better than either one of ’em.” “Ain’t much call for a woman teamster,” said Mack. “Course, they ain’t gonna be no call for any kind of teamster in a few years. Gonna be roads, and trucks, and electric, even up these parts.” He smiled. “Did I tell you I ordered us a new radio from the Sears and Roebuck?” “A radio?” “A big Philco, with batteries.” Mack beamed. “It’ll be the best one in these parts.” “How much does it cost?” asked Elsie. “None of your business,” said Mack. “Not as much as a new saddle horse.” “I thought they was a depression,” said Elsie.” “They is,” chuckled Mack. “But a depression don’t make a whole lot of difference in a place where nobody had no cash money to start with. I sold off some timber, to pay the taxes, and had enough left over for the radio.” Elsie studied. “I might would have druther had a horse as a radio,” she said. “Or one of them washing machines with a motor on it.” “Old Kate, she’ll do you just fine,” grinned Mack. “I couldn’t waste money on a new mare for a girl that’ll be getting married off in a year.” “Not me,” said Elsie. “I ain’t seen nobody I’d have.” “That’ll change, Elsie,” laughed Mack. “I promise.” On Monday Nelson had Kate and Della saddled at daylight. He waited outside while

“ They is them that thinks a woman *s place is to keep her mouth shut and her hands busy. ”

Elsie packed their school lunches. She came out flapping, books and lard pails and skinny legs swinging. Nelson snickered. “You look like Kate’s last colt,” he said. “All arms and legs and clumsy as a cow.” Elsie stopped and stared cooly up at her brother. “You’re one to talk,” she said. “No front teeth, and ears big as washtubs.” Elsie handed up the lard pails. “You haul these today.” She climbed up on Kate. “Want to race?” asked Nelson. “Giddup,” growled Elsie. She kicked her heels and Kate finally moved out slowly. Nelson waited, then sent his spotted mare galloping past, chunks of dirt flying from cleated horseshoes. Elsie slapped impatiently at Kate. “Go on, you old mule!” she snapped. Kate ignored the commands and plodded on. Elsie sat stonily in the saddle, her face grim. Then Kaiser, the big roan, nickered from the hillside and came crashing down through the thickets. He skidded to a stop, snorted and tossed his mane, and nipped playfully at Kate. “You git!” squalled Elsie. Kaiser trotted sideways, kicking up his heels. Elsie suddenly smiled. “You come here, horse,” she whispered. “Whoa there, Kaiser.” The roan snorted and edged closer. Elsie grabbed his nose. It took ten minutes to transfer the bridle and saddle to the big stallion. “Go home, Kate,” ordered Elsie. The old mare obeyed. Elsie hooked her foot in the stirrup and swung aboard. Kaiser exploded. He skittered sideways and launched into a series of twisting, jolting bucks and kicks designed to dislodge Elsie. She laughed and rode easily, reins in one hand, dug in her heels and urged Kaiser on up the muddy roadway. Elsie whooped and sent Kaiser lunging over the gap, mud spattering, her gingham dress flying high in the wind. A mile down the road she reined the sweating roan down to a canter, then kicked him across Caney Creek and up the steep muddy 10

bank. At the top Kaiser reared, skidded, and cut crossways to miss the team of mules and low sled plodding along with Harper Watts at the reins. Elsie got Kaiser under control, then heard Harper laughing. She reined the stallion around and rode up closer. “What’s so funny?” she demanded. “You,” grinned 17 year-old Harper Watts. “You trying to ride that big old horse.” Elsie blushed and tugged at her dress. “I’m riding him, ain’t I?” she asked proudly. “I ain’t stuck behind no team of mules.” Harper grinned, and Elsie melted. Kaiser snorted and tried to canter sideways. Harper stepped over and grabbed the bridle and bit. “I don’t need any help,” Elsie said primly. “I reckon you don’t,” smiled Harper. Elsie blushed again. “What’re you looking at?” she demanded. “The horse,” said Harper. “What’d you think?” He grinned. “Why would I want to look at a baby girl?” “Let loose of my horse,” snapped Elsie. “He used to be my horse,” Harper said softly. “I know,” said Elsie. “That’s what Poppy said.” She blushed brightly. “You want to take him for a ride?” Harper hesitated. “Naw,” he finally said, “I got work to do, and you got to go to school.” But he could not take his eyes off the big roan. “You reckon your daddy wouldn’t mind?” Elsie smiled. “He don’t even know I got Kaiser,” she admitted. “He thinks I’m on old Kate.” “Would you ride with me?” asked Harper. Elsie slid back, long legs dangling. “Get on.” Harper tapped his heels. The stallion moved smoothly, obediently, down the dirt road at a fast trot. It’s almost like he knows you,” said Elsie. “Kaiser don’t ever mind nobody.” “He minded my daddy,” said Harper. “He’d do anything daddy told him to.” He relaxed and The Mountain Spirit

let Kaiser settle into a smooth canter. “Daddy was the best rider I ever seen,” said Harper. He guided the roan through a twisting switchback. “He could shoot better’n anybody, too.” Elsie held on. Harper kicked Kaiser into a gallop, then reined up and turned the big horse around. “You’re late to school,” said Harper. “And I got to go see your daddy.” Are you going to buy Kaiser?” asked Elsie. “Nope,” grunted Harper. “Just hauling barn lumber over to Willie Cox.” “Do you really help Micah Moon make moonshine?” blurted Elsie. Harper laughed. “Mostly I just help him drink it.” He slowed Kaiser to a walk. “Who told you I was making whiskey?” Elsie blushed. “Everybody, at school.” “Kenneth too?” asked Harper. “Mostly him,” admitted Elsie. “Boy ain’t got no sense,” grunted Harper. He laughed. “The other day, Kenneth was plowing over on the hill across from the house, hollering ‘gee’ and ‘haw’ so loud you could hear him for three miles, and Lonzo Ballard said he sounded just like a nest of baby crows.” They rode on silently, to where Harper’s mules waited. Harper dismounted, and Elsie climbed back into the saddle. “That’s some horse,” said Harper. “He really belongs to you,” said Elsie. “That’s why Poppy ain’t sold him.” Harper petted the horse’s nose. “He is pretty,” he whispered. “And not nearly as mean as people says.” “He just has to be told what to do,” said Elsie. “It ain’t everbody that can ride Kaiser.” “Just you and me, so far,” grinned Harper. “Me and a longlegged little girl.” he chuckled. “A pretty little longlegged girl.” He walked to his sled, then turned back smiling. “When you grow up, I’ll come courting.” “Just to get the horse?” asked Elsie. September-October 1986

“Nope,” chuckled Harper. “Kaiser’s just a saddle horse.” “He was your Daddy’s,” said Elsie. “Yeah.” Harper sighed, and picked up the lead lines to the mules. “He was Daddy’s warhorse, once.” He smiled bitterly. “But they don’t fight on horses no more, and I ain’t got much use for Kaiser.” “Then he’ll be my horse,” decided Elsie. Harper laughed. “I reckon that’ll be up to Mack.” “No,” Elsie said stubbornly. “Kaiser’s mine now.” “Okay by me,” said Harper. “Take care of him, girl.” He clucked to the mules and moved slowly away. “Cool him off after a hard run,” he yelled back. “And try not to founder him.” Elsie sat on the horse and watched Harper, square shouldered and erect, drive the mules on across the ridge. The she sent Kaiser thundering toward the schoolhouse. Halfway there she met Nelson, riding hard. They both slid to a stop. Nelson stared. “What’re you doing? he finally asked. “Who said you could ride him? “Nobody,” grinned Elsie. “He come stomping down to aggravate old Kate, so I caught him and rode him.” “All by yourself?” asked Nelson. Elsie nodded. “Doggone,” Nelson finally said. “Last time I tried to ride that critter he throwed me right off into a briar patch.” They both turned to see who was riding up the hill at a hard gallop. It was Mack Ward, mounted on Kate, and the old mare was stretching out, running easily, with Mack leaning forward in the saddle. Twenty feet away Mack reined in, and he glared at Elsie as he rode closer. “Well.” Mack slipped a foot loose from the stirrup and stared. “What’s going on, Elsie? Old Kate come home barebacked and like to scared 11

“Law, Elsie, if you had to pick you a Watts, I ’d drutheryou’d took young Kenneth. ”

your mommy to death. Then Harper Watts said he seen you riding Kaiser.” “She rides him good,” said Nelson. “I can see that much for myself,” growled Mack. “What I want to know is why.” He stared glumly at Elsie. “You got some talking to do, girl.” Elsie shrugged. “Your old horse tried to bite Kate, so I showed him a lesson. He ain’t so big and mean once you get him by the nose.” “You ain’t got no business on that stud horse,” Mack said firmly. “Get off.” “Why?” Elsie’s eyes met Mack’s. “Because I said so,” grunted Mack. But he made no move to dismount, and it was Elsie’s turn to question. “How did you get old Kate to run like that?” she asked. Mack smiled. “They’s a few things even you don’t know just yet.” He patted the old mare’s neck. “In her day, Kate was the fastest saddle horse on this ridge.” “Are we going to school?” asked Nelson. Elsie laughed. “Yes. Soon as he gives me my horse.” She dropped to the ground and handed Kaiser’s reins to Mack. “Wait a minute here,” he said nervously. “I ain’t ever rode that roan. I don’t know as I could get him back to the house.” “I’ll ride him home,” said Elsie, “then come back on old Kate. Nelson, you tell Miss Whitt I’ll be late.” She re-mounted. “Let’s go.” They rode slowly, side-by-side. Mack chuckled. “You wouldn’t be coming back to get you another look at young Harper Watts, would you?” Elsie blushed. “Maybe. Maybe not.” “Boy’s a hellraiser,” grunted Mack. “Too full of salt.” He rode on for a few minutes. “You want me to let Harper have that horse? Let him pay me a little bit at a time?” “Yes,” Elsie said softly. “And his daddy’s old Army saddle, too.” “Having a horse, it’ll just get Harper into more trouble,” grumbled Mack. “Just means he can spread his onriness over more ground.” 12

Elsie didn’t comment. They topped the rise and stopped. On the hillside, Harper Watts was stacking roughsawed boards onto the sled. Shirtless, glistening with sweat, Harper moved quickly, expertly, and the smack of boards hitting boards echoed. Mack groaned. “Law, Elsie, if you had to pick you a Watts, I’d druther you’d a took young Kenneth. This’n here is too much like his daddy.” “I ain’t married off,” growled Elsie. “Reckon that boy can handle Kaiser?” asked Mack. “How would I know?” protested Elsie. Mack grinned. “I just thought you might.” Elsie kicked her heels and sent Kaiser galloping toward the barn. Mack smiled, then followed. Two weeks later Elsie stopped old Kate when she heard pounding hoofbeats coming across the ridge. There, running hard, came Kaiser, Harper Watts riding casually, sparks flying from iron horseshoes. Kaiser skidded to a stop and snorted, nipped at Kate, and finally calmed down. “Some horse,” grinned Harper. “Some foolishness,” snapped Elsie. “You’ve got him all crazy again.” But she smiled. “I’m glad you got him back.” Harper squinted. “I kind of figured,” he said, “that you had something to do with that. Helping your daddy decide to let me pay a little at a time.” “I might have,” said Elsie. “Well. I thank you.” Harper smiled and flashed strong white teeth. “I’ll take good care of him.” “If you don’t,” Elsie said firmly, “I’ll come and take him back.” Harper laughed. “Maybe I’ll give him to you, the day we get married.” He reined Kaiser around and went clattering away. Elsie watched until they were out of sight. Then she smiled. “Maybe you’ll do just that, Harper Watts,” she said softly. Elsie clucked old Kate into motion and rode on. The Mountain Spirit

Letters I value your publication for its unpretentiousness, its direct and self-confident ways of expression. I particularly appreciate the way Reverend Beiting writes his editorials, from which I feel a loving man who grasps the work scene of the needs of his people and his words have wisdom. Mrs. Helene S. Vreeland Santa Barbara, CA

I have been taking your magazine The Mountain Spirit, for several years and enjoy it very much. It is a wonderful way to let people know about your work and the stories about some of the people who live and work, or are served by you. I have been contributing in a small way to this work for almost twenty years. I am sorry I can’t give more as I am now on a fixed in­ come, but I am interested in this work, and I will continue to give as much as possible. L.E. Tripp Lawrenceburg, 77V

I like the freshness of the articles printed in The Mountain Spirit. It makes me feel I would like to meet in person all those people who live so simply and yet so trustingly in the Lord’s care. I am grateful for the program that makes their lives easier but also makes them realize that the over-abundance of material things which we feel are so impor­ tant, are not necessary for their hap­ piness. Sometimes I wonder if it isn’t easier for them to be Christian in their simplicity of life, than it is for many of us with our advantages. Alonzo M. Ostic Rockford, IL

September-October 1986

I have only got six copies of The Mountain Spirit. It is well worth the money. It is educational and many of the ways of the people I can relate to. I, too, was a teenager before we had electricity, and had only lights, an iron and a radio for a few years. I think hardships build character. We mountain people have pride and strive daily to better our way of life. Your magazine is inspiring, uplift­ ing and restores my faith in our fellow man. Keep up the good work. Mrs. Lucy Livesay Tazewell, TN

At w ork on C hristm as w reath s.

I very much enjoy receiving The Mountain Spirit and learning about the people of Appalachia. I especial­ ly enjoyed reading about the pro­ duction of the Christmas wreaths. I’m glad the people have the oppor­ tunity to create these beautiful wreaths and help themselves as well. I also enjoyed reading about Ms. Jean Ritchie and the music she makes. In fact, when I think about it, I enjoy each issue from cover to cover always. Thank you so very much. Alice E. Schwartz Seattle, WA

We can’t begin to tell you how much The M o u n ta in S p irit magazine means to us. It gives us a lift when we need it. Also, it shows us how lucky we are compared to others. Keep up the good work that all of you are doing, and God bless all of you. Mrs. John W. Ford Hickory Hills, IL

The Mountain Spirit is a joy to me. I love the articles, the stories and the recipes. Thank you for reminding me that my subscription is about to expire. God bless you, all of you, for the wonderful work you are doing. I am honored to be a friend and member of this happy family. Geraldine Morris Chicago, IL

Everyone has their favorite chari­ ty I guess. The Christian Ap­ palachian Project has touched my heart deeply as I came from a poor family in Pennsylvania’s section of the Appalachian mountain range, and I can empathize with the poor folks of Kentucky’s Appalachia. I will always help as much and as often as I can. God bless Reverend Beiting and his work! Joseph M. Scott Norwood, PA Letters to the editor are welcome.

They should not exceed 150 words in length, and we reserve the right to edit them fo r space. Address letters to The Mountain Spirit, Christian Appalachian Project, 322 Crab Orchard Road, Lancaster, Kentucky 40446. 13

The C A P Closeup

A Candid Shot Mary Mundy

¿i§S ;

A b o v e , M ary M u n d y sits in h er classroom at the C h ild D ev e lo p m e n t C en ter in B erea. R ig h t, M ary d iscu sses a story w ith h er class.

by the C A P N ew s Service When The Mountain Spirit staff called Mary Mundy to set up an interview for the “CAP Closeup,” she thought we were kidding. “Everyone knows I’m camera shy,” she exclaimed. “I thought someone was playing a trick on me.” Mary may be shy in front of the camera, but she’s in her element with children. In her job as Head Teacher at the CAP Child Development Center in Berea, Kentucky, she has the opportuni­ ty to work with children every day. She has spent the last ten years doing various jobs with the center, from part-time teacher’s aide, to full-time teacher. Now, in her present position as Head Teacher, Mary supervises the staff and is responsi­ ble for everything that goes on whenever the 14

manager is not there. She also has her own small group of children to teach; this is Mary’s favorite part of the job. “I’ve always been interested in children,” Mary explained. “I grew up in Berea, helping my mother raise my two younger brothers.” While she was still in high school, she took a child development course in her home economics class. “I also took Business College for about a year. I hated it. I didn’t like sitting behind a desk all the time.” After graduating from high school, she worked in a fac­ tory for a few months. “It wasn’t what I wanted to do,” Mary stated. “I prayed every day that I could get out of there.” So in 1976, “My prayers were answered when I began working here.” The Mountain Spirit

Playtime is always fu n at the Child Development Center, especially when there are bugs to be collected.

Now, ten years later, Mary is still very satisfied with her job and her life. She has, during that time, married Garnett Mundy and together they have adopted two children. Eric, their son, is nine years old, and their daughter, Dorene, is six. Both are now in school. Several of the children enrolled in the center are foster children. Their foster families send them each day to help them develop good behavior skills and to take their mind off of what is happen­ ing in their lives. Mary is well aware of the pro­ blems some of these children may have, and they look to her for a lot of emotional support. “One of the little boys relates to me as a mother figure and a friend,” she said. “He calls me ‘Mama Mary.’ I remember when I was in school, teachers were just teachers. Here we can give them a hug whenever they need it.” Mothers are encouraged to come in and help at the center. Some work out part of their child care expenses this way, working about twice a month. Some of those who work other jobs come in the afternoon. “Being here and seeing how we manage the children teaches the mother, too,” said Mary. “They learn they don’t have to scream and fuss a lot to make them mind.”

Sometimes, even their gentle discipline doesn’t work. Mary told a story about the “dreaded naps.” “We had a picture of Jesus hanging up there on the wall. And, this little girl was brand new. We were trying to get her to lay down. She was very hyper and very outspoken. She stood up real big and said, ‘You see that man sitting over there on that wall? That’s Jesus! And, he said I didn’t have to take a nap.’ We didn’t know what to say to that.” The children look forward to Mary’s arrival every morning. “When I come in, I kiss each one on top of the head while they are sitting at the breakfast table. If I forget, they’ve got so they’ll come over and say ‘we’ve got to kiss you good morning!’ ” As we spoke, Mary sat at one of the children’s work tables, sketching large dinosaurs for their next class. She smiled happily at the thought of the children coming back to school that week, forget­ ting all about being camera shy. When asked if she still likes her job as much as she did ten years ago, Mary exclaimed, “ Yes, I love it! I think it’s my calling. I really believe that it’s my gift from God.” c a p. David Fischer

Random Thoughts

As a legislator serving in his first regular session, it was most certainly an exciting time. A time of serious study.

enactment of a $13.4 billion budget to fund all the programs and ser­ vices of state government for the next two years.

I made every effort to work for and support programs and issues that are in line with the moral and patriotic values that have set our na­ tion head and shoulders above all the rest.

Easily, the most impressive feature of the biennial budget is that the spending plan contains a $100 million surplus, meaning the legislature did not appropriate every tax dollar that was available, which was almost unprecedented but very good news for the working tax­ payers of the Commonwealth.

I took a strong stand in opposi­ tion to abortion, supported tougher penalties for drug dealers and co­ sponsored a bill to allow a moment of silent prayer in our schools. I opposed a bill to allow liquor sales on Sunday and used my posi­ tion on the State Government Com­ mittee to delay and finally kill the lottery bill. On balance and in the consensus of virtually all legislative observers, the General Assembly’s 1986 session was a success. However, these ef­ forts will now fall upon the very ac­ curate judgements of time and historical perspective. During the 1986 sesson, 1,743 bills and resolutions were introduc­ ed; 505 were passed by the General Assembly. Education at all levels gained renewed support, and many other worthy measures aimed at enhanc­ ing the potential of our Appalachian counties were enacted. As always, the centerpiece of the session was Lonnie Napier o f Lancaster com­ pleted his first session as a represen­ tative in the Kentucky General Assembly in the spring. Mr. Napier represents the people o f the 36th District o f Kentucky which includes southern M adison, southern Jessamine and Garrard counties. The Mountain Spirit thanks Mr. Napier fo r sharing his thoughts with us. Ed.

The legislature funded the elementary and secondary education improvements enacted during the 1985 special session and higher education received its largest in­ crease in several years. Funds were earmarked in the budget to improve water supplies in the state, strengthen regulation of surface mining operations and open dumps. Plus, the Environmental Protection Cabinet will have more funding to fight pollution and hazardous waste. The legislature also approved two strong justice bills —the crime vic­ tims bill of rights and the truth in sentencing bill. A bill was passed to protect a medicaid nursing home patient from being switched to a lower level of care without an examination by a physician. This measure will also allow hospitals to use some of their unoccupied beds as nursing home beds, creating additional and much needed room for the elderly and bringing in new income for hospitals, especially in rural areas. A measure was approved to re­ quire health insurers to offer coverage for long-term care, such as that provided by nursing homes. Also, the legislature passed a bill to establish nursing homes for Ken­ tucky veterans. Although pro-agriculture issues

16

met with mixed success, some positive steps were taken. Adequate funding for brucellosis eradication was appropriated; the University of Kentucky’s College of Agriculture received some long sought construc­ tion funding, and salary increases for co-operative extension agents were preserved. Also, a bill was passed to allow the state’s non-profit commodity organizations to sell or give away their agricultural products on state property. After eight years of work and study, the legislature approved and funded a comprehensive juvenile code for the state. The new code, aimed at the plight of troubled youth, applies to juveniles who commit crimes, who are abused or neglected or whose parents’ legal rights have been terminated. A bill, which I co-sponsored, to increase benefits for retired teachers was passed to raise the minimum an­ nual allowance of $88, which is multiplied by years of service, to a $140 minimum starting July 1st and to $180 the following year. A bill was passed to allocate addi­ tional money for the training of volunteer firefighters. A resolution was passed petition­ ing the Governor to establish a 14-member task force to review and recommend improvements in the state’s workers’ compensation pro­ gram. Finally, a bill was passed to raise the state minimum wage from $2.60 an hour to the federal level of $3.35 an hour. I was both proud and humble to serve as a state representative to work for honesty, efficiency and God-fearing values in government. And I will continue to work to take full advantage of Appalachia’s great potential. The Mountain Spirit

A round the Project

by the CAP News Service

L in co ln C ou n ty C elebrates D a ir y D ay

annual event. We are already look­ ing forward to next year’s event.”

LINCOLN C O U N T Y -T here was something exciting going on in Lincoln County during the month of June. Merchants hurried along the streets putting up posters about dairy products and decorating their store windows with objects representing the dairy industry. A banner across the lines of the traffic lights read “Welcome to June Dairy Day.” During the month of June, much of the Southeast region celebrated the 1986 June Dairy Day. Lincoln County celebrated the event, sponsored by the Kiwanis Club and Chamber Commerce, on June 20th and 21st. Dairy Day shows appreciation to dairy farm families for their vital roles in American lives. Without milk, provided by our dairy farmers, there would be no dairy products. In Lincoln County there are about 177 dairy operations. The income from those dairy farms is important to Lincoln County because much of that money generates through the business trade in the area. “This year marks the 50th annual observance of June Dairy Month, recognized as the single largest food promotion in the United States,” ac­ cording to Dan Grigson, Lincoln County Extension Agent and Chair­ man of activities for the event. Lin­ coln County has been celebrating this event for over 35 years. It began as a one day event, but in the past four years, Dairy Day has expanded to two days.

Dan Grigson further explains, “June Dairy month also provides an opportunity for nutritionists, food editors and others concerned with the American diet to emphasize the good taste and nutritional value of milk and milk products.” This event is a special time to reflect on the many contributions of the more than 200,000 dairy farm families in the United States who work hard to ensure that there is always fresh milk for American consumers.

A few of the activities that went on during the two day event were an arts and crafts fair, flea markets, gospel singing, Dairy Princess pageants and dairy award presenta­ tions. For the first time ever, the Lincoln County Kiwanis Club spon­ sored the “Run for the Milk” road race with 103 runners competing. “We were well satisfied with the turn­ out and the race,” stated Tim Estes, Race Director. “This is the first race of what we are planning to make an September-October 1986

At the age of 16, Lonnie made his first brooms. He then took a job demonstrating broomcraft at Mam­ moth Cave National Park in central Kentucky. Now 33 years old, Lon­ nie has demonstrated broommaking in several places, including Berea College and Fort Harrod in Harrodsburg. In 1985, the Christian Ap­ palachian Project decided to expand its small production facilities to pro­ vide more employment for Ap­ p alach ian people. E xtensive marketing research led CAP to the realization that there is a large market for country items, such as bird houses and brooms. Since na­ tional distribution was limited, CAP workers decided to open a country broom factory in Berea, Kentucky, in the Appalachian Village. When asked if he would begin and supervise the broom factory, Lonnie “jumped at the chance. I’ve always wanted to run a broom fac­ tory.” Lonnie set about refurbishing the broom making equipment. “Some of the equipment is 100 years old,” Lonnie said. “It had to be cleaned, and some of it put together.”

L o n n ie thread s a b room o n e q u ip ­ m en t that w ork s as w ell to d a y as w h en it w as n e w — 100 years ago.

Broom craft: A n A p p alach ian Art MADISON C O U N TY -“All I’ve ever done is make brooms, and I en­ joy it,” says Lonnie Reed, a second generation broom maker. He spent much of his youth watching his parents make brooms at the Berea College Broom Factory, in Berea, Kentucky. Lonnie’s father was the manager of the factory until his retirement, and Lonnie’s uncle con­ tinues in his place.

The factory employs four people who make 16 different kinds of brooms, including regular house brooms, hearth brooms and several decorative styles that make graceful wall hangings. Handcrafted with patience and skill, Lonnie’s brooms last far longer than commercial brooms. “We only use broom corn,” Lonnie explains. “The commercial brooms use a less expensive grass on the in­ side, and that’s why you have pieces fall out.” Lonnie Reed and the workers at the CAP Broom Factory are artists. One of the goals of CAP’s Product Development Department is to pro­ vide Appalachian artists with marketing opportunities so that they may make a living with their art. 17

around the project . . . continued

C an n in g Season in C A P C ou ntry This summer, CAP purchased fif­ teen pressure canners, twelve to be used by Appalachians involved in the Garden Program and three to be donated to county extension offices. Keith Gilbertson, Manager of the Small Farms Program, explained, “Pressure canners cost around $60, and that’s quite a bit for some families to invest for something that will be used just a little while. The USDA recommends the use of pressure canners as the safe way to preserve vegetables and avoid the growth of botulism spores.”

Over 100 families, not counting those through the extension offices, used the pressure canners provided by CAP. This “putting up” of food in a speedy, safe, and energy-wise manner is a satisfying end to the program that began with the distribution of seeds last March.

C A P W elcom es N ew V olu n teers A traditional summer CAP activi­ ty is Volunteer Orientation, and the summer of 1986 was no exception. This year, twenty new permanent volunteers, along with eighteen con­ tinuing volunteers, met at Camp Andrew Jackson with the purpose of setting the groundwork for a meaningful CAP volunteer ex­ perience. The orientation began with a week of “exploration” where volunteers visited the sites of CAP’s programs. According to Lynne Blankenship, CAP Coordinator of Volunteers, “The tours gave new people the chance to meet program managers on site and get acquainted with what CAP is doing in par­ ticular counties.”

C o u n ty E x ten sio n A gen t, D ia n e S m ith , d em on strates the p rocess o f ca n n in g green b ean s.

CAP employees and volunteers teach CAP friends to use pressure canners. For that reason, a canning workshop was held just in time for m id-sum m er h a rv e sts. The workshop, conducted by Diane Smith, County Extension Agent for Home Economics, included a slide show presentation and hands-on ex­ perience canning green beans and tomatoes. According to Keith, “The workshop familiarized our workers with canning so that we could become teachers ourselves. In some cases, we had to teach from scratch, and in other cases, we only had to review safety features.” 18

The second week was an intensive special focus on the culture and history of the region. During the week, Father Beiting met with the volunteers and related the history of

CAP and his own story, an overview of the region and its culture, and talked about spiritual growth and the volunteer experience. “I feel that volunteers need to be exposed to the areas of great need as well as areas of celebration,” says Lynne. So, throughout the twoweek session, volunteers enjoyed a wide array of entertainment —from folktales, to black gospel music, to an outdoor drama, to the McLain Family Bluegrass Band. Volunteerism has been the legacy of CAP since its beginning thirtyfive years ago. Over the years, peo­ ple from all over the country have traveled to Kentucky to participate in Fr. Beiting’s dream. This year, new volunteers hail from such places as Connecticut, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Missouri, New York, Michigan, Maine, Texas, Illinois, C a lifo rn ia , W isconsin and Washington. All new volunteers are now at work in their assigned programs and seem to be adjusting well to their new CAP family. The orientation and support offered from continu­ ing volunteers are positive forces which help make that adjustment much easier.

Christmas Is Coming . . . . . . an d w e’re alm ost ready! T o start d istrib u tin g baskets, th at is. As you m ay know , C A P w orkers are especially busy at C hristm astim e each year providing toys, food and gifts to needy families and elderly people. W e need your help again this year to help us cover the

m iscellaneous cost involved in providing C hristm as d in n er an d gifts for over 1500 people. You can send your offering in the envelope in the fold of the m agazine . . . and w e’ll do o u r bit to m ake sure it’s a M erry C hristm as in the m ountains! The Mountain Spirit

around the project . . . continued

M C A B oasts the Class o f ’87 FLOYD COUNTY-The first day of school is almost always ex­ citing for a high school senior —the first day in a school year of deci­ sion, fun and a n ticip a tio n , culminating in graduation. There is something about the 1986-87 school year at the Mountain Christian Academy that makes it even more exciting than ever. The Class of ’87 will be the first senior class to graduate from the academy. Although the seniors, faculty, and administration will be busy with the typical senior activities, this year will bring with it something more. According to Sr. Judy Yunker, MCA Headmaster, “This year will be very emotional for us. In a way, these students have been seniors for four years. A lot has been asked of them in the way of behavior, leader­ ship and responsibility.” The Class of ’87 numbers twelve —eight boys and four girls —most of whom met as freshmen four years ago when MCA opened its doors. Last summer, Randy Burchett, the architect who designed the school and the concrete arch which is its symbol, helped the seniors

design their own class ring. The design includes the symbolic arch and the in sc rip tio n , “ F irst Graduating Class.” Sr. Judy ex­ plains, “The students wanted to create a ring that they would wear the rest of their lives, not just for a couple of years.”

Into Stocks?

With only twelve students in the class, many of the seniors’ friends and peer group do not attend MCA. Sr. Judy says, “The students have made a lot of sacrifices and weathered quite a bit of ridicule from relatives and friends about at­ tending a private school and wear­ ing uniforms.” Sr. Judy is quick to explain, “On the other hand, I’ve seen C students become A students when academic standards were raised. Some students who once could barely give an oral report are now acting in and directing plays.” The M o u n tain C h ristia n Academy, in Floyd County, began classes in 1982, and included grade levels from pre-school to ninth grade. The 1986-87 enrollment is 274 with a teaching staff of thirty. This year the school will be com­ plete-thanks to the Class of ’87.

O f the business variety, that is. Did you know that corporate stock may be donated to the work of the Christian Appalachian Project? For a tax deduction? Often at lower cost to you than a cash gift? Send NOW, without obliga­ tion, for your free copy of “Giv­ ing Stocks.” Simply fill out the coupon below and send in the envelope in this issue of The Mountian Spirit!

Cut here

“Please send, without obligation, my free copy of the important brochure, ‘Giving Stocks.’ ”

C A P v o lu n tee r, P eg g y B u tler, from S outh L y o n , M ich ig a n , sp en t a p o rtio n o f h er su m m er tea c h in g B ib le S ch ool in L an caster. H e re , she w ork s w ith h er class d u rin g craft tim e .

September-October 1986

N am e____________________ Address __________________ City______________________ State_________ ZIP_________

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Change in the Wind by Glen Edward Taul “People who use government prosper while people who shrink from it sink.

Harry M. Caudill A Darkness at Dawn

A slow, almost imperceptible change is oc­ curring on the political landscape of eastern Ken­ tucky. It is a change in attitude, an attitude that says the region does not have to be a “stepchild” to the rest of Kentucky. It is a sense, a feeling “that we can accomplish things,” according to Gregory D. Stumbo, a representative in the Kentucky General Assembly. Stumbo emphasized this basic belief and obser­ vation during an interview in his law office in Martin, Kentucky. Stumbo has represented Floyd County in the Kentucky House of Representatives since 1980, and is now serving as House Majority Leader, a position last held by an east Kentuckian 50 years ago. Eastern Kentucky is beginning a slow reemergence as an economic and political force in the state. For business, the region is becoming a major source for consumers. With the construc­ tion of major highways connecting the region to central Kentucky, known as “the Bluegrass,” east Kentuckians can easily travel to Lexington and other points for entertainment, shopping and employment. These major highways and other road improvements have also paved the way for

significant growth in the service industry. Stumbo tells that, “Late one evening, my son and I were on our way home from the golf course. I asked him if he wanted to eat supper before going home. Well, he couldn’t make up his mind between Wendy’s, Hardees or Kentucky Fried Chicken. When I was young, I didn’t have that problem.” Stumbo’s wife, a native of western Kentucky, reminded her husband that as few as ten years ago he didn’t have that problem, either. As a result of population growth during the 1970’s, eastern Kentucky gained three seats in the House and one seat in the Senate of the state legislature, giving the delegation from the eastern region one-quarter of the membership. It is also fielding viable candidates for governor and lieu­ tenant governor next year, including Dr. Grady Stumbo, a cousin of Greg Stumbo and an unsuc­ cessful gubernatorial candidate in 1983, and Paul Patton, Pike County Judge-Executive and former coal operator. “Candidates are no longer ashamed of being from eastern Kentucky,” Stumbo said. People are realizing that, to have benefits that other Americans enjoy, they will have to ask for it and unite around common goals. But, old attitudes and practices die hard. A sense of helplessness and the “stepchild” self-image still affects east Ken­ tuckians’ consciousness and their politics. “Politics in eastern Kentucky has been an im­ portant factor in retarding growth in the region,” Stumbo said. “People haven’t demanded out of our public officials what they ought to have given.” The basic reason for the lack of quality in political leadership is the nature of politics in the region. They are intensely partisan, parochial and personal. Stumbo believes that the intense desire to hold public office came in rural Kentucky during a time when it was the best paying job in the county. Holding office gave the winning faction the power to provide jobs to relatives and friends in poor counties. Often this is the case with local school boards, the largest employer in many rural coun­ ties.

G reg S tu m b o, H o u se M a jo rity L ead er, addresses the K e n tu c k y G eneral A ssem b ly.

20

Eventually pure com petition replaced economics as the primary motivator for seeking public office. Just holding a public office became more important than using its resources for the The Mountain Spirit

public good. “My own personal belief is that politics became sort of a blood sport . . . Stumbo said. Political scars are deep in eastern Kentucky, often reaching back into generations of families and factions. The least bit of controversy tends to set in motion events that may prevent an incum­ bent from being re-elected. Felix Shelton is con­ cerned about the election outcome in Jesse Stuart’s short story, He Saw the Sun This Time. At age 90, Felix Shelton is nearing his first election and is concerned that the opposing party might win. He has voted for the Dinwiddie Party his entire life, but his son-in-law and his grandson have been working for the Greenow Party (both parties are named after two prominent families from the county). “I cast my first vote in 1869,” Felix thinks back. “How well I remember how we fought around the polls. We Dinwiddies would run the Greenows away! We whipped them and made them take to the bushes back in Ennard’s County. No place for a Greenow! After all these years I’m still fighting Greenows! They keep springing up like sassafras sprouts.” In this story Jesse Stuart gives a sample of the intense feelings involved in politics in eastern Kentucky. Stumbo’s family has par­ ticipated in Floyd County politics for approx­ imately 60 years as county judges, sheriffs, county attorneys and Commonwealth attorneys. Present­ ly, his father serves as a state District Judge and a cousin is Floyd County Judge-Executive. “Believe me, in over a century of your family being in politics, you acquire a lot of political enemies; some you just acquire,” Stumbo said. But, on the other hand, a politician in that situation retains loyalties of people who voted for other members of your family. Because political battles are so personal, and controversy tends to expose weaknesses, Stumbo believes that local politicians are afraid to be pro­ gressive leaders —are more concerned with staying in office than serving the public. Government in eastern Kentucky has failed to provide the services —sewers, roads, schools —for which it exists. It has failed because of poor leadership and low tax bases, even in rich coun­ ties. These conditions have hampered efforts to build the necessary infrastructure to attract in­ dustry and lessen the region’s dependence on coal. September-October 1986

R ep resen ta tiv e G reg S tu m b o.

“We’re changing to some extent, but it’s a slow change,” Stumbo said. “More people are realizing that whoever is mayor or county judge-executive or magistate is less important than people becom­ ing united with purpose and direction.” Through unity, east Kentuckians will have an impact on political decisions made on local and state levels. In the past year, Stumbo has heard more people talk about the need for better schools and roads and sewers. “That’s good. They’re going to start demanding those type of things, and they will also be able to accept things that come with im­ provements like increased taxes and a system more responsive to their demands,” he said. The desire for a quality of life similar to what other Americans enjoy is spurring many east Ken­ tuckians to make new kinds of demands on their government and leaders. Much of the region served by major highways enjoys consumer conveniences available in other parts of the country. Stumbo said the present trend needs to con­ tinue, but plans are needed and dollars invested in the necessary infrastructure to attract other in­ dustry to the region in preparation for the time when coal is no longer a viable economic base. 21

Kentucky’s Vital Craft Industry

I n the circle of people who work in the craft in­ dustry in the state of Kentucky, there’s a story about how a sewing factory for Laura Ashley clothes came to be located in Jackson County, Kentucky. “We’ve been led to believe that through a social connection in New York City, Phyllis George Brown [wife of then-Governor John Y. Brown, Jr.] made contact with Laura Ashley people,” said Bill Edmonds, General Manager of the facility which still employs Jackson Countians. Bernie Hale, CAP Marketing Manager, recalls part of the story, too. “She arranged for him to fly in, over the area, in a helicopter. He saw the area, and it reminded him a lot of Wales, where the Laura Ashley company is based. He liked the idea of the type of people who are there. Some of them, probably, originally descended from Wales. He thought it would be a nice place to have a facility —had sort of an emotional attachment to the area.” “Political support has been critical to the crafts program,” stated Crit Luallen, Commissioner of the Department of the Arts of the state of Ken­ tucky. “In other areas of state government, it’s 22

very easy to define something’s importance. Economic development is generally considered to be going after new factories and new industry and bringing them into the state. Crafts have not always been considered an important part of the state’s economy.” Crit considers the move of the Department of the Arts into the Commerce Cabinet as an impor­ tant move in the direction of economic viability for the craft industry because it elevates the arts to be considered as an important part of the state’s economic development. Over the years, “Ken­ tucky has had sporadic attempts at supporting the industry,” said Crit. “It has really depended on the personal interest and enthusiasm of the governor involved.” During the administration of John Y. Brown (1979-83), the craft industry received a tremen­ dous boost as a result of “high visibility events,” as Crit termed them. “Things that could bring crafts to the forefront through promotion and publicity and put the spotlight on the craft industry in Ken­ tucky.” During the Brown administration, the Governor and Mrs. Brown were instrumental in the coordination of events designed to show off the more unique aspects of the culture of the state. The Mountain Spirit

b y M argaret G ab riel P h o to s co u rtesy o f th e State D ep a rtm en t o f th e A rts

Crafts o f artists in Prestonsburg, Louisville, Lost Creek and Beverly.

Bowling

Green,

“There were small boutiques at some of the major department stores, where they would have a gala opening, with celebrities, to bring media atten­ tion,” said Crit.

Governor’s Mansion in Frankfort, the state capital, are decorated with Kentucky crafts —fur­ niture, baskets, rugs, ceramics, throws and quilts.

Although the boutiques were present in the stores for only a short time, they gave the industry the impetus to continue with less visible, but more long-lasting programs.

The use of crafts says more to people outside the state than, “Look what Kentuckians can make.” It says, “Look at our tradition. Look at the importance we place on that tradition. Look at the beauty we can fashion out of simple things —wood, clay, fabric.”

“An important thing was that, when the ad­ ministration changed, Governor [Martha Layne] Collins was also very supportive of the craft in­ dustry. She not only left everything intact in this department, but provided even more support and encouragement,” said Crit. The personal involve­ ment of Governor Collins in the craft industry is one of the things that makes Kentucky unique in the industry. Bernie said, “When our governor went to New York, to the first group showing of Kentucky crafts, the Little Brothers [who sponsor the gift show in New York] were really impressed by that. They haven’t had another instance in which a state governor had attended a gift show.” Governor Collins has used many opportunities to make handcrafted items a real “signature” of the state. Two of the guest apartments near the September-October 1986

Giving crafts as gifts has become a tradition of the Collins administration. “She uses crafts whenever she makes an official presentation to anyone,” Crit explained. “The Queen [of England] was given two handcrafted silver julep cups. Dr. Toyota was given quilts. When [Governor Collins] goes to Japan, we pack a crate full of crafts, and she gives gifts at every stop. Everything that she gives, officially, is a handcraft.” Governor Collins has made several trips to Japan recently, in connection with the advent of a Toyota plant in Scott County, about 15 miles north of Lexington. The plant is Toyota’s first location in the United States and is considered to be a great boon to the state economy. 23

People involved with economic development have discovered that the craft industry is one of the things that makes Kentucky attractive to new businesses. That aspect of life and tradition in Kentucky has not always been emphasized. “We’ve always promoted our labor force and our transportation system, and all of those things that you think gives you the competitive edge, but we’re seeing more and more that Kentucky has a really unique attention to its heritage that’s impor­ tant,” Crit said. “That works on a number of levels. We not only preserve and protect our cultural traditions, such as the craft tradition, but we have a really healthy and progressive and grow­ ing arts community.” While many new industries find eastern Ken­ tucky unsuitable to its needs for a number of reasons, this is not so of the craft industry. The crafts industry is not “moving into” the area —it has been present and an important part of life for many generations. The increased exposure of the craft industry has increased not only buyers, but producers, too. If people have a viable method of marketing, they are more likely to move their craft production from hobby to business. Glenna Robinson, of Rockcastle County, is a craftsperson who believes that she is ready to go into produc­ tion on a larger basis. “I want to share things that I know with people, and I want people I know to share things with me,” Glenna said. She would like to have the people in the county help with produc­ tion. “I’d like to have a couple of the younger girls who’ve dropped out of school, who are married and don’t have anything to do. Then there are several older women that I want to work with, too.” Glenna is not associated with the Department of the Arts, but the Department is set up to assist people like her. And, it is people with her sense of

W ea v in g , p o tter y and fu rn itu re are som e o f the crafts m ark eted b y the state o f K e n tu c k y .

tradition and family that make Kentucky crafts so attractive to so many people. Glenna says that a lot of the attraction of working in crafts is “just being with people and working. It’s going to be hard. It’s a lot of hard work, a lot of backbone, a lot of talking, a lot of legwork, a lot of driving. “My kids are going to get into this, too. I want my kids to know something about where they’ve been raised.” This attitude on the part of craftspeople was especially attractive to Toyota. Crit explained, “The Japanese are very concerned about an area’s cultural heritage and the people’s attention to their culture because it’s so important in their country and their culture. When the Governor went to Japan, she took crafts and artwork from Ken­ tucky, as well as photographs, and she really tried to promote the state’s cultural vitality and our at­ tention to our cultural heritage. They were very impressed by that, and they were drawn to Ken­ tucky.” The Department of the Arts works with crafts­ people on many different levels. They have assistance available to folks who are just starting out, and they work with long-established and suc­ cessful groups, such as Churchill Weavers, in Berea, and Berea College Crafts. For the new craftsperson, the state conducts “a day-long workshop,” said Crit. “ ‘Making Crafts Your Business’ is the theme of the workshop. We bring in accountants, attorneys, graphic artists, photographers, marketing experts and do a handson workshop about how to file your tax return, how to get your corporation papers filed.” A co llec tio n from artists in L e x in g to n , E liza b eth to w n , B erea and B e v er ly . The Mountain Spirit

The state holds workshops on a variety of topics. “We had one whole workshop just on pricing your craft. Last year, we brought in Michael Scott, Editor of the ‘Crafts Report,’ the national publication of the crafts industry, published in Seattle, Washington. He did a series of workshops for us. That’s really a ground level area of support that gives people actual hands-on assistance in promoting their crafts to another level, to actually becoming better business people.” The next level of support is the regional market and exhibition, which is designed to maintain the quality that buyers have come to expect of Ken­ tucky crafts. The quality control involves a jury system, and all craftspeople are invited to submit items to be judged. Those selected through the jury process are eligible to participate in the regional market as well as national shows. “We have to maintain a quality level that is consistent enough to attract the best buyers in order for our marketing program to be successful,” Crit explained “If a craftsperson is turned down by our jurors, we then offer support and assistance to that per­ son. We’re sure that he gets information about our next workshop; we try to encourage growth and development. We don’t, in any way, let that jury system become punitive. We say, ‘your work is not ready for the market for these reasons. Let us help you work those reasons out.’ ” Finally, the third level of support is the depart­ ment’s involvement in the national gift wholesale shows. Governor Collins’ appearance at the show in New York is just one of the things that makes Kentucky stand out at these national shows. The Department coordinates the exhibit and designs the booth. This year, the state of Kentucky had the largest display at the show, with 16 Kentucky businesses represented. “Even though I say ‘six­ teen businesses,’ ” Crit said, “A number of those represent larger groups. Churchill Weavers, of

A u d rey S ch ultz (left) d isp la y s h er w ork to G overn or C ollin s at a region al m ark et.

September-October 1986

T h is p ro m o tio n a l p h o to d isp la y s the w ork o f craftsp eop le in L ost C reek , S p rin g field , W illia m sb u rg , B erea, B e v erly and E liza b eth to w n .

course, is one. The Breathitt County Cooperative [Grassroots Craftsmen] involves about 100 quilters.” Crit believes that the personal touch makes Ken­ tucky successful at national shows. “These shows are big business. There’s thirty to forty thousand buyers from all over the world who come through one of these coliseums in five or six days, and there’ll be five or six thousand exhibitors. It’s all very impersonal. They have their comfortable shoes on; they make their notes, and the next day they go back around and make their purchases, because to the buyers, it’s not a fun festival. It’s business. We are the only personal touch. We have the craftspeople standing there who actually made these products, and for once, buyers can stop and meet and talk and understand the feeling of meeting the person whose hands created an object. That’s really made us very unique in the gift buy­ ing market. We sign every booth. We send photographers out and do beautiful black and white photographs of production and mount it with a quote from the craftsman about his art and his name signed under it. It’s all very personal.” 25

%

i G overn or C o llin s greets L ee H e w lett o f L e x in g to n at the L e x in g to n Art and C raft M ark et.

The Department has benefitted the craft pro­ gram of the Christian Appalachian Project in several ways. Christmas Ridge Handcrafts, the product marketing division, currently has lines of Christmas wreaths, birdhouses, brooms and other items. Although Christmas Ridge does not market through the state system, it enjoys the higher pro­ file and visibility that has benefitted state crafts­ people because of the activities of the Department of the Arts. Christmas Ridge markets at national shows, usually in a booth close to the Kentucky display. “The state’s activities have helped focus atten­ tion on Kentucky crafts,” Bernie said. “They’ve created an image of Kentucky crafts as being on a high level of quality. There’s no other state depart­ ment, like the Kentucky Department of the Arts, that has as aggressively presented its crafts in na­ tional markets. They’ve created the impression that there are lots of Kentucky crafts, and the ones that are available are of a fine quality and are well produced. They’ve boosted our image along with everyone else’s. “The goals and motivations of Christmas Ridge Handcrafts differ from those of other craftspeo­ ple in the state,” Bernie explained. Although Christmas Ridge is vitally interested in producing high quality items, they are equally concerned about providing employment for Appalachian people. “We’ve developed our lines using local skills like people who are trained in broom mak­ ing. We have a production setting with an eye toward creating a small industry. Maybe, over the years, we’ll employ ten to twenty people in various areas.” The most successful item in the Christmas Ridge line is, of course, the Christmas wreath which CAP has marketed since the ’60’s. The production facility in Tyner, Kentucky, will employ 80 or more people this season and projects production at over 42,000 wreaths. Until last year, wreaths were marketed ex­ clusively through an extensive direct mail cam26

paign, but with the establishment of the Christmas Ridge product marketing division, Bernie has started to explore other marketing methods as well. “I’m guessing, but I think we are probably the largest direct marketer of Christmas wreaths —the largest company that delivers them right to your home.” One of the new marketing methods is through catalogues and organizations. “We’ll be in the catalogue of the National Wildlife Federation with our wreath this fall. Also, with Horchow again, [the Christmas wreath was first marketed through the Horchow catalogue out of Dallas, Texas, last year] and a couple of others.” Like Crit, Bernie believes that one of the most important steps that the state has taken in the last several years is to view crafts as a vital industry in Kentucky. “They have supported small industry, just as they are supporting big industry, like Toyota, and major companies that could have a real impact on the economy. We really are a state with a large number of ‘Mom and Pop’ or in­ dividual or small craft groups who, in turn, create jobs and funnel money through the economy. For many of these people, crafts is their second job. They may farm, and then part of the year, they make crafts. It’s forward thinking on the part of the state to have identified our craft business as an industry.” The success of the Department of the Arts is making talented Kentuckians better craftspeople and talented craftspeople better business people. As a result, they are making a significant economic impact on the state. “We have a number of people who have been in the program five or six years and are becoming stable and successful. But, we have the phone ringing every day with people saying, ‘I just started making these on my kitchen table, and I sold a lot of them at the fair last week, and I want to know what I can do next,” said Crit. In marketing these items, the state is promoting an image as well as the artistically crafted pieces. “We try to promote the idea that ‘this is hand­ made,’ in a world where that’s really not always the case.” c a p. The Mountain Spirit

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