William Dougherty
Three Formants for five trombones
Full Score www.williamdougherty.org
This work was written specifically for les trombones de bâle and was premiered in Basel, Switzerland on June 19th, 2014.
Performance Notes The Score is in C Accidentals apply for the entire measure in which they appear and are octave specific. The entire work should be performed without vibrato. =¼ tone flat
= flat, 1/6 tone flat (c. 33 cents flat)
= ¼ tone sharp
= ¼ tone sharp, 1/6 tone flat (c. 19 cents sharp)
= sharp, ¼ tone sharp = ¼ tones flat, 1/6 tone flat (c. 83 cents flat) = 1/6 tone flat
= c. 14 cents flat (natural third)
General Notes ord. = ordinario (normal manner of playing)
= gradually change technique or method of playing
= diminuendo to nothing
= crescendo from nothing
= Rhythms are written to show the precise point where crescendi, diminuendi, and other dynamic events occur – in this example, the crescendo begins at the “and” of beat two and peak of the “and” of beat four – it’s of the utmost importance to adhere to these dynamic indications.
= At the peak of this gesture, the tongue should be used to stop the flow of air abruptly.
= All glissandi are indicated by a line between two pitches and should be played starting the glissando from beginning of the first pitch to which the line is connected (for the note’s full duration) ending at the arrival pitch. All glissandi should be performed as gradually as possible over the allotted time. The duration of the glissando is indicated by headless notes in-‐between the starting pitch and arrival pitch. These headless notes are one beat (quarter notes) or less in duration. These headless notes do NOT indicate a rearticulation. In this example, the glissando starts immediately on the C and lasts for four and a half beats. The headless eighth notes are present only to indicate the precise position of the crescendo.
= indicates a split tone on the trigger IV position between the 7th and 6th partial where D1 is the fundamental
= diamond noteheads indicate a sung pitch while playing
= The didgeridoo effect is performed by a quick alteration of the vowel formants in the mouth while playing, creating a didgeridoo-‐like sound. The rhythm above the staff indicates the desired rhythm of the vowel changes.
Phonetic Vowels [ u ] = indicates phonetic vowel formants to be made with a plunger mute – [ u ] mute closed [ ɑ ] [ o ] [ e ] = indicates phonetic vowel formants to be made purely with the oral cavity [ ɑ ] as in “hot” in American English [ u ] as in “boot” in American English [ o ] as in “go” in American English [ e ] as in “play” in American English = When an arrow leads from one vowel to another, gradually transition from first vowel to the second. In this example, gradually transition from an [ a ] vowel to an [ u ] vowel.
Performance Layout:
Tbn. 1
Tbn. 2
Tbn. 5
AUDIENCE
Tbn. 3
Tbn. 4
Instrumentation 5 Trombones (with F triggers) Duration: 9 minutes William Dougherty Spalenvorstadt 19 Basel 4051, Switzerland tel: +41 (0) 76.237.2858 e-‐mail: william.f.dougherty@gmail.com website: www.williamdougherty.org
for%les%trombones%de%bâle
Three!Formants
Score!in!C
for*five*trombones
Trombone*1 (Mike)
q!=!60
con*sord.*(plunger) [*ɑ* u*]
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
u*]
ɑ
u*]
ɑ
u*]
[*ɑ*
[*ɑ
[*ɑ
u*]
mf
mf
[*ɑ*
u*]
[*ɑ
[*ɑ
u*]
f
[*ɑ*
pp
ɑ*
*u
ɑ
pp
ff
pp
ɑ
u*
ff
[*u
[*u
u*
u*
ɑ
u*
ff
Copyright*©*2014*by*William*Dougherty All*Rights*Reserved.
ɑ*
u*]
u*]
ɑ
u*]
u*
ff
pp
u*
ff
pp
ɑ
u*
pp
ɑ
ff
ɑ
u*]
u*]
pp
ɑ
ff
[*u
[*u
u*
[*u
pp
ɑ
ɑ
ɑ
ff
u*
[*u
pp
pp
pp
pp
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ɑ
pp
pp
ɑ
ff
ɑ
pp
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ff
[*u
pp
[*u
pp
u*
ff
pp
ɑ
[*u
pp
u*]
pp
ɑ
u*]
pp
pp
pp
u*
[*u
u*]
ɑ
u*
ff
ɑ
pp
u*]
ff
ɑ
pp
u*
ɑ
u*
ff
pp
pp
u*] [*u
f
ff
A
u*]
ɑ*
u*
ɑ
[*u
William!Dougherty!(2014)
[*u
pp
f
u*]
[*ɑ
u*]
f
ɑ
pp
u*]
[*u
u*]
[*ɑ*
[*ɑ
mf
[*ɑ*
mf
*u*]
mf
u*]
u*]
u*]
[*ɑ*
[*ɑ*
u*]
mp
u*]
mp
mp
mp
[*ɑ*
ɑ
u*]
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
u*]
mp
7
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
con*sord.*(plunger) [*ɑ* u*]
pp
pp
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
pp
con*sord.*(plunger) [*ɑ* u*]
Trombone*5 (Kevin)
pp
Trombone*4 (Juna)
con*sord.*(plunger) [*ɑ
Trombone*3 (Jon)
pp
Trombone*2 (Steve)
con*sord.*(plunger) [*ɑ* u*]
2
B
C
13
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
[*u
[*u
ɑ
u*
ff
pp
pp
[*u
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
pp
pp
ɑ
ppp
[*u
ɑ
[*ɑ
pp
u
[*ɑ
ff
pp
ɑ
u*]
ff
u*]
pp
ff
pp
pp
u*]
ɑ
ff
pp
ɑ
pp
ff
u
u*]
pp
ɑ
[*ɑ
u
ff
u
ff
pp
u
ff
ɑ
[*ɑ
ff
u
ff
u*]
ppp
u*]
u
ff
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ɑ
pp
pp
u*]
ff
pp
ff
u*]
pp
[*u
[*u
pp
[*u
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pp
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pp
u*]
ɑ
ff
pp
ff
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ff
ɑ
ff
pp
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ff
u*]
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ff
[*u
pp
u*]
ɑ
pp
u*]
ɑ
u*]
ɑ
ɑ
u
ff
[*u
u*]
ɑ
[*u
u
ɑ
pp
u*]
[*u
u*]
ff
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ɑ
pp
ff
pp
pp
ff
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pp
ff
u
ɑ
pp
ff
u*]
pp
ff
pp
u*]
[*u
pp
u*]
ɑ
ɑ
ff
ɑ
pp
ɑ
[*u
u
ɑ
pp
pp
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pp
u*]
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pp
u*]
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u
pp
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u
u
pp
pp
u*]
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ɑ
pp
[*ɑ
[*ɑ
ff
ff
u
u
pp
ɑ
[*ɑ
ff
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
u*]
ɑ
[*ɑ
D
ff
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
pp
ff
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
[*ɑ
ɑ*]
ff
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
u*]
ɑ
u*
ff
pp
u*
u*]
ɑ
pp
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
ɑ
ɑ
19
ff
[*u
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
u*
ff
pp
ɑ
u*]
pp
ff
[*u
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
ɑ
u*
pp
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
ɑ
pp
[*u
pp
pp
u*]
[*u
ɑ
pp
ff
pp
[*u
ɑ
pp
ff
u*]
pp
[*u
pp
u
pp
3
Tbn.*1 25
(Mike)
E [*u
pp
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
ff
ɑ
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
ff
[*u
u*]
pp
pp
ɑ
ff
u*]
[*u
pp
ord.
pp
pp
u*]*
ff
ɑ
pp
u*]*
ff
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F
ord.
[*u
ɑ
pp
ff
pp
[*u
ɑ
u*]
ff
pp
[*u
ɑ
u*]
pp
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
ɑ
[*u
pp
u*]
pp
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
pp
[*u
pp
ɑ
u*]
31
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
pp
ɑ
u*]
ff
u*]
ff
u*]
ff
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
ff
ɑ
pp
ɑ
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
u
ɑ
u*]
ff
[*u
pp
pp
ɑ
ff
ord.
u*]
pp
[u
ɑ
pp
ff
pp
ff
[*u
ɑ
ff
[*u
pp
u*]
pp
[*u
ff
ɑ
ff
pp
[*u
ɑ
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ff
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ɑ
u*]
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[*u
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ord.
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ord.
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pp
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u
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pp
ff
ɑ
ff
ɑ
ff
u*]
pp
4
36
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
ff
ɑ
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
u*]
pp
u*]
ff
u*]
[*u
ff
pp
ff
ff
u*]
pp
u*]
pp
ɑ
u*]
ff
pp
pp
ɑ
ff
u*]
ff
ɑ
pp
ff
ɑ
pp
ff
ɑ
[*u
u
pp
ff
[*u
ɑ
u
u
a
ppp
[*u
ɑ
u
ɑ
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
ɑ
ɑ
u
u*]
senza*sord.
u*]
ppp
u
u*]
u*]
ɑ
[*a
senza*sord.
senza*sord.
pp
u*]
ɑ
u*]
[*u
pp
senza*sord.
pp
pp
ff
ɑ
ff
ɑ
pp
ff
ff
u*]
senza*sord.
pp
ff
pp
ff
pp
ff
pp
u*]
pp
u*]
u*]
[*u
ppp
pp
ɑ
pp
[*u
ppp
pp
[*u
pp
pp
u
ppp
u*]
ff
pp
pp
ɑ
ɑ
ff
[*u
pp
pp
ff
pp
[*u
ff
ɑ
u*]
ɑ
[*u
u*]
ɑ
u*]
u*]
ff
ff
pp
[*u
pp
[*u
u*]*
ɑ
pp
ɑ
[*u
u*]
ff
pp
ɑ
pp
pp
ff
[*u
u*]
pp
pp
ɑ
[*u
pp
ff
pp
pp
pp
ff
[*u
u
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
a
ppp
ɑ
u*
ɑ
[*u
H
ɑ
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
[*u
pp
[*u
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
ff
pp
pp
pp
u*]
ɑ
ɑ
[*u
pp
ɑ
41
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
ff
[*u
ff
pp
u*]
pp
[*u
pp
pp
ɑ
u*]
ff
[*u
pp
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
pp
pp
ɑ
pp
[*u
ff
u*]
ɑ
pp
u*]
G
u*
ɑ
pp
ff
ff
ff
pp
ff
pp
46
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
ff
Tbn.*1 52
(Mike)
pp
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
pp
ff
ff
ff
ff
pp
pp
pp
ff
J
pp
ff
pp
pp
ff
ff
ff
pp
pp
ff
pp
pp
ff
ff
pp
ff
pp
pp
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pp
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ff
5
pp
pp
pp
ff
pp
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pp
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ff
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pp
pp
pp
ff
pp
ff
ff
pp
ff
ff
pp
pp
pp
ff
ff
pp
pp
ff
ff
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
ff
pp
pp
ff
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
I
pp
ff
pp
6
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
58
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
pp
ff
ff
pp
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
ff
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
pp
ff
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
pp
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
p
pp
pp
ff
pp
ff
ff
pp
ff
pp
pp
pp
ff
ff
pp
pp
pp
ff
ff
f
pp
ff
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pp
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ff
ff
pp
pp
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pp
mf
pp
f
ff
f
f
mf
f
p
pp
pp
pp
mp
pp
pp
p
mp
mf
pp
pp
pp
pp
mf
mp
pp
pp
pp
pp
ff
mf
pp
mp
pp
pp
pp
p
mp
pp
L
64
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
K
ff
ff
ff
pp
pp
pp
ppp
pp
p pp
ppp
ppp
ppp
ppp
sempre ppp
I
sempre ppp
M
70
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
pp
mf
(Mike)
(******)
3
pp
IV
ppp
mp
pp
mf
pp
pp
mf
ppp
mp
(***********)
pp
(******)
ff
3
pp
[5+4]
(************)
pp
(******)
ff
[6+5]
(******)
(********)
(******)
I
[6+5]
(******)
(******)
pp
IV
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
[7+6]
(********)
pp
(******)
(******)
ff
IV ord.
pp
pp
[7+6] (********)
(******)
(******)
ff
pp
3
O
[7+6]
(********)
(******)
pp
(******)
pp
[7+6]
(********)
(******)
pp
(******)
[5+4] (************)
(******)
pp
ff
pp
pp
(********)
ff
(******)
ff
(******)
(******)
ff
[7+6]
pp
didgeridoo*effect (******)
(******)
ff
IV
ff
IV
ff
(******)
ppp
ord.
ff
pp
pp
mf
(******)
(******)
p
[5+4]
3
(******)
I
IV
(******)
pp
pp
[6+5]
I
3
7
I
ppp
3
f
pp
p
ff
(******)
pp
(******)
(********)
IV
ppp
I
[7+6]
mf
pp
IV
3
Tbn.*1
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
mp
mf
N
3
I
f
f
3
ppp
3
p
IV
76
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
pp
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
I
I
pp
pp
8
didgeridoo*effect
Tbn.*1 82
(Mike)
ppp
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
[6+5]
(******) (******)
(******)
ppp
[5+4]
(******)
(******)
ff
(******) (******)
pp
(******)
ff
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
(******) (******)
(******)
pp
pp
(******)
ff
3
Tbn.*5
(Kevin)
Tbn.*1 88
(Mike)
[6+5]
(******) (******)
pp
(******)
VI
[7+6] (********)
(******)
[6+5]
pp
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
*5
[5+4]
(*********)
(******)
(******)
pp
VI
(***********)
ff
(******)
pp
(******)
IV
IV
[6+5]
(***********)
(*******)
[5+4]
(********)
[5+4]
4
(******)
pp
(******)
pp
(******)
(******)
(******)
pp
[6+5]
III
(*********)
(******) (******)
pp
(******)
(******)
ff
ff
ff
III
pp
pp
ppp
didgeridoo*effect
[6+5]
(***********)
(*******)
(*******)
ff
ff
ppp
(*******)
ppp
ppp
4
pp
pp
ppp
pp
pp
pp
didgeridoo*effect
pp
ff
pp
pp
I
didgeridoo*effect
[7+6]
(********)
(******)
(******)
ff
(******)
(*********)
ppp
[5+4]
(*********)
pp
(*******)
(*******)
(*******)
ff
pp
ppp
pp
(******)
Q
ff
pp
ppp
ppp
didgeridoo*effect
didgeridoo*effect
(******)
ppp
ff
(*******)
ff
ff
[5+4]
ppp
[5+4]
ppp
pp
ff
pp
ppp
[6+5]
ff
5
ff
ppp
ppp
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
ff
didgeridoo*effect
(******)
ff
(*********) (******)
pp
(******)
ff
pp
ff
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
ff
pp
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
(******)
(**********) (******) (******)
didgeridoo*effect I
4
pp
(***********)
didgeridoo*effect
pp
7
pp
[5+4]
pp
P
pp
didgeridoo*effect [6+5]
(******)
ff
(******)
(************)
pp
[5+4] (************)
(**********)
pp
pp
3
ff
3
[6+5]
7
ppp
(******)
pp
ff
I
pp
ff
ff
ppp
V
[6+5] (********)
(*******)
pp
ff
(*******)
ppp
I
pp
[5+4] (***********)
(*******)
ff
(*******)
pp
V
pp
7
94
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
[5+4]
(*********)
(*********) (*******)
pp
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
VI
ppp
[5+4]
(*******)
pp
pp
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
(******) (******)
(*******)
(*********)
(*********) (*********)
ff
pp
100
(Mike)
ppp
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
ff
[7+6] (******)
(*******)
(******)
(******)
(*******)
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
(******) (*********)
VI
pp
(*******)
(*********)
(********)
(*********)
pp
ff
VI
pp
[7+6]
(*******) (*******)
(*********)
(******)(******)
ff
[6+5]
VI
(******)
(*******) (*********)
ppp
[7+6]
(*******)
(*******)
ff
ff
pp
ppp
(******) (********)
pp
mf
ppp
mf
ppp
fff
ff
(******) (******)
VI
pp
mf
pp
[7+6]
pp
(*******)
fff
mf
ppp
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
pp
(******)
didgeridoo*effect
(******)
ppp
ppp
ff
mf
ppp
ff
VI
(*******)
pp
(******) (******) (*********)
(*******)
9
S
pp
(*******)
ff
[5+4]
[6+5]
ff
pp
pp
ppp
ff
(******)
ppp
ff
ff
VI
pp
VI
ppp
pp
ppp
Tbn.*1
ppp
pp
(*******)
pp
ff
(******) (********)
didgeridoo*effect
[6+5]
didgeridoo*effect
ppp
(*********)
(*******)
ff
didgeridoo*effect
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
(*******) (*******)
ff
(*********)
ff
[6+5]
(*********)
(********)
pp
pp
7
pp
[5+4]
VI
(*********)
ff
ff
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
(*******)
didgeridoo*effect
R
ppp
ppp
mf
10
Tbn.*1 (Mike)
Tbn.*2 (Steve)
Tbn.*3 (Jon)
106
ppp
Tbn.*4 (Juna)
mf
mf
mf
mf
ppp
Tbn.*5 (Kevin)
ppp