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La hija del sastre

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La hija del sastre

Growing up in a Republican family during Franco's fascist rule of Spain, Emilia Matamoros discovers just how important keeping a secret can be! After her father, a former captain in the Republican army, goes into hiding,

La hija del

sastre

Emilia not only must work as a seamstress to support her family, she must work to guard a secret that will protect her father and save her family from certain death. Will her innocence be lost and will she succumb to the deceptive

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and violent tactics of Franco's fascist regime?

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Cover Art by Kristy Placido Chapter Art by Irene Jiménez Casasnovas Written by

Carrie Toth

Carol Gaab

Fluency Matters, P.O. Box 11624, Chandler, AZ 85248

info@FluencyMatters.com • FluencyMatters.com

Acknowledgments

I (Carrie Toth) would like to thank Dr. Martha Combs and Dr. Joaquin Florido Berrocal for providing the spark that led to this book. Thank you also to Carol Gaab and Kristy Placido, I couldn't have done it without you! Paige and Jake, without you two, Emilia and Ignacio would be totally different people!

I (Carol Gaab) would like to thank Carrie Toth for her contagious enthusiasm and unquenchable desire to learn, grow and create materials that inspire students!

About the Authors

Carrie Toth has been a National Board Certified

teacher since 2006 and has been teaching high school Spanish since 1993. She holds a masters degree in Spanish Education and has done extensive study on the cultures of Spanish-speaking countries. In addition to being the principal author of La hija del Sastre, Carrie has written La Calaca Alegre, Bianca Nieves y los 7 toritos, and Vector as well as numerous teacher’s guides and cultural units based on Understanding by Design (UBD). She uses her knowledge of culture and history to create stories that are both inspiring and educational.

Carol Gaab has been teaching second language since

1990, including Spanish for all grades/levels and ESL and Spanish for various Major League Baseball clubs. Carol also provides teacher training workshops throughout the U.S. and abroad. In addition to editing materials for various authors/publishers, she has authored and co-authored Spanish curricula for elementary through upper levels, as well as numerous novels, including the Brandon Brown series, Piratas del Caribe y el mapa secreto, Problemas en Paraíso, La hija del sastre and Esperanza. Carol is the owner and president of Fluency Matters.

A NOTE TO THE READER

This fictional story takes place in the 1930s and is based on the historical timeline of the Spanish Civil War when Francisco Franco’s fascist regime took control of Spain. These pages will take you back to a violent and unpredictable era when dictators ruled Europe with an iron fist and terrified anyone who tried to deter them. This book is written strategically and comprehensibly at a third-year level to help you easily pick up advanced grammatical structures while you enjoy reading a compelling and suspenseful story. We suggest you peruse the glossary to familiarize yourself with some common structures that are used throughout the story, particulary those phrases that contain various forms of ‘haber’ (había, habían, habría, hubiera). A comprehensive glossary lists all high-frequency words and phrases that are used in the story. In addition, the glossary lists more advanced and complex structures, which are also footnoted at the bottom of the page where each occurs. We hope you enjoy the story...

Índice Capítulo 1: La hija del sastre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Capítulo 2: El plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Capítulo 3: La huida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Capítulo 4: Amenazas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Capítulo 5: Operación Revelación . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Capítulo 6: La reunión . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Capítulo 7: Mentiras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Capítulo 8: Una conexión sentimental . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Capítulo 9: Se acaba el tiempo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Capítulo 10: Revelaciones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Capítulo 11: Misión cumplida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Capítulo 12: La desaparición . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Capítulo 13: El escape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Capítulo 14: El sobre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Capítulo 15: La detención . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Capítulo 16: Su propia misión . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Glosario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Cognados . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Capítulo 1 La hija del sastre

Emilia se despertó cuando oyó un sonido fuera de su ventana. Pensó que oía voces…voces de soldados. Su corazón palpitaba de miedo. Contuvo la respiración y escuchó atentamente. 1

La hija del sastre

Pasaban por su imaginación visiones de soldados, de tortura y… de muerte. Escuchó durante varios minutos, pero no oyó nada, nada más que silencio. Esto era algo normal para Emilia. Trató de dormirse, pero se quedó despierta, pensando en la grave situación de su familia. Emilia era hija del Capitán Lorenzo Matamoros, un ex-oficial del ejército republicano. Fue un soldado condecorado que votó y luchó por la presidencia de Manuel Azaña, pero cuando Franco se levantó en armas en África, se convirtió en el ‘sastre’ Matamoros. En contra de sus principios morales y políticos, Lorenzo dejó de luchar por la libertad cuando Franco subió al poder en España. Fue necesario para proteger a su familia. Ahora, Emilia era conocida como la ‘hija del sastre.’ Cuando los fascistas llegaron al poder, la economía se derrumbó y la división entre los ricos y los pobres creció. La familia Matamoros vivía una vida más o menos cómoda, pero tenían que trabajar bastante para sobrevivir. Emilia y su padre trabajaban en el taller de sastrería unas diez a doce 2

Capítulo 1

horas al día mientras su madre cuidaba de la casa y de su hermana menor. Su hermana se llamaba Camila y sólo tenía seis años. Su abuela, la madre de su padre, ayudaba en el taller y también ayudaba a su madre en la casa. Vivía cerca y pasaba mucho tiempo con ellos desde la muerte de su esposo. Aunque la familia tenía todo lo necesario, vivían en constante estado de miedo. Los fascistas buscaban venganza, querían eliminar a todos los soldados que habían luchado por la causa republicana. Habían arrestado a muchos ex-soldados y en particular, buscaban a los ex-oficiales. Emilia sabía que vendrían a buscar a su padre, ‘el Capitán Lorenzo Matamoros.’ Ya habían arrestado a muchos de sus compañeros y amigos y sólo era cuestión de tiempo para que llegaran a arrestar a su padre. Por todo el estrés, Emilia sufría de insomnio. Se quedaba despierta muchas noches, pero esta noche, se preocupaba más de lo normal. Tenía un mal presentimiento1 y sentía tanta inquietud que 1

presentimiento – bad feeling

La hija del sastre

decidió despertar a sus padres. Se sintió avergonzada: «Tengo diecisiete años. No debería tener que despertar a mis padres…». A pesar de su vergüenza, Emilia se levantó y caminó hacia el dormitorio de sus padres. Estuvo a punto de abrir la puerta, pero se detuvo cuando escuchó voces desde el interior del dormitorio. – Diana, sabes que el día se acerca. Debemos decírselo a Emilia –Emilia escuchó lo que decía su padre. – Pero querido, ya nos pusimos de acuerdo. No íbamos a decírselo a nadie. – Emilia tiene que saberlo. Ya no es una chica. Es una mujer fuerte e inteligente. Amor, tú la necesitas. Emilia se quedó afuera de la puerta, escuchando la conversación con ansiedad. «¿De qué estaban hablando?». Escuchó a su madre llorando y Emilia quiso llorar también. Su madre le suplicó a su padre: – Por favor, Lorenzo, quiero proteger a Emilia. Saber sobre el sótano la pondrá en peligro. 4

Capítulo 1

«¡¿El sótano?!», pensó Emilia. «¿Qué sótano?». Ella pensó que no había escuchado bien, así que siguió escuchando atentamente. – Amor, tengo confianza en Emilia. Le confiaría mi vida –dijo su padre con convicción. – Yo sé, pero, ¿qué pasará con la vida de ella? Es una responsabilidad enorme llevar un secreto tan peligroso –le dijo su madre llorando. – Es más peligroso ignorar la situación y no estar preparados. – Está bien. Mañana se lo diremos. Emilia se quedó al lado de la puerta unos minutos más. Escuchaba atentamente y de repente oyó que alguien se levantaba y se acercaba a la puerta. Emilia saltó y corrió silenciosamente a su dormitorio. Se acostó rápidamente y pensó en la conversación que acababa de escuchar.

Capítulo 2 Una decisión crítica

Emilia apenas se acababa de despertar cuando oyó voces en la cocina. Escuchó la voz de sus padres, pero no reconoció la otra voz. Emilia se levantó y se acercó a la cocina para escuchar 6

Capítulo 2

mejor:

– La policía vino hace una hora y se llevó a Pablo de nuevo –dijo la voz de una mujer–. Entraron en la casa y se lo llevaron. No sé lo que vamos a hacer –dijo la mujer llorando desconsoladamente. Emilia reconoció la voz. Era Rosario, la esposa de uno de los colegas de su padre. Pablo había servido en el ejército con su papá, y su esposa Rosario, era muy buena amiga de su mamá. Su hija, que tenía 16 años, era amiga de Emilia. Habían venido a la casa varias veces. Era obvio que la situación era grave y su madre no pudo esconder su miedo. – No entiendo por qué se lo volvieron a llevar. Pablo ya pasó un año en la cárcel –le dijo su madre. – Dijeron que tenían nueva evidencia y mencionaron los nombres de muchos de los amigos de Pablo. Querían saber los nombres de todos los republicanos con quienes él se había asociado. Rosario hizo una pausa y bajó la cabeza antes 7

La hija del sastre

de seguir: – Mencionaron a Lorenzo. Le hicieron muchas preguntas acerca de ti, Lorenzo, y cuando él se negó a contestarlas, lo arrestaron –le dijo llorando. – ¡Ay! Lo siento, Rosario –le dijo su madre mientras la abrazaba cariñosamente. – Debes escapar, Lorenzo. Los fascistas van a venir. Lorenzo pensó en la situación. Tenía miedo. Sabía que los militares habían torturado a Pablo mientras estaba en la cárcel y sabía que era probable que lo mataran esta vez. – Bueno, gracias Rosario, gracias por venir. Es probable que vengan pronto; debes salir… estás en peligro, si los militares saben que has venido a avisarme, ya sabes las consecuencias. Emilia sabía que la situación era sumamente seria. Ella sabía que habían torturado a Pablo. Había escuchado muchos rumores de tortura y desapariciones. Tenía miedo de que los soldados vinieran a su casa…. de que torturaran a su fami8

Capítulo 2

lia… de que arrestaran a su papá…y… de que lo mataran. Se quedó silenciosamente al lado de la cocina y miró mientras Rosario salía rápidamente de la casa. – ¡Cuídate Rosario! ¡Gracias! – Vayan con Dios –les respondió. El padre cerró la puerta y vio a Emilia temblando de miedo. Miró a su hija con ojos tristes y la abrazó fuertemente. – Emilia, yo sé que tienes miedo, pero tienes que ser fuerte en este momento. Mi vida depende de tu fuerza. Emilia miró a su padre y a su madre y sabía que la situación era más grave de lo que había pensado. Trató de controlar sus emociones y escuchó atentamente a su padre. – Tu madre y yo hemos hecho un plan de escape. Es un plan que nunca puedes revelar a nadie. Mi vida y la vida de ustedes dependen del secreto. Tenemos un cuarto subterráneo, es un sótano, más o menos. Es un lugar secreto. Voy a fingir mi desaparición. Voy a fingir que 9

La hija del sastre

estoy huyendo a Francia. Voy a asegurarme de que mucha gente vea mi salida, y por la noche voy a regresar a la casa en secreto. Voy a meterme en el sótano, y me quedaré allí hasta que termine la guerra. Emilia se echó a llorar. ¡No podía creer que su pesadilla acababa de convertirse en una realidad! Se quedó en los brazos de su padre mientras su madre recorría la cocina juntando varias comidas y llenando botellas con agua. Pronto, la realidad le llegó a la mente y Emilia se soltó de los brazos seguros de su padre para ayudarle a su madre. Lorenzo fue a su dormitorio y puso varias cosas en una maleta grande. Recogía las cosas con prisa. Los soldados iban a venir en cualquier momento y no quería estar en casa cuando ellos llegaran. Emilia y su madre prepararon comida y agua para su padre, y las llevaron al dormitorio. Su padre agarró la cama y la movió, revelando una puerta secreta en el piso. Abrió la puerta y su madre bajó con todas las provisiones. De pronto 10

Capítulo 2

subió y su padre cerró la puerta moviendo la cama encima de ella. Parecía un dormitorio normal. No había ni un gramo de evidencia de que ahí había un sótano secreto. – Ya, mis queridas… Ya es la hora… Lorenzo le dio un fuerte abrazo a su hija y entonces abrazó a su esposa y le dio un largo beso, susurrando «Te amo, querida» y salió con la maleta.

Glosario

Glosario a - to; at

acabó - it ended up; s/he had

abandonó - s/he abandoned; you abandoned

just finished aceite - oil acenso - raise

abierto - opened

acerca - s/he approaches; you

abierta - open (adj.) abrazaba - s/he, I, you hugged;

acercaba - s/he, I, you ap-

s/he, I was hugging; you

approach

were hugging

proached; s/he, I was

abrazada - embraced

approaching; you were

abrazando - hugging

approaching

abrazo - hug

acercándose - s/he was ap-

abrazó - s/he hugged, you hugged

proaching; you were approaching

acercarme - to approach

abrieron - they opened; you

acercaron - they approached

abriendo - opening (pl.) opened

abrió - s/he opened; you

acercarse - to approach

acercó - s/he approached; you

opened

approached

abrir- to open

acérquese - come closer

abue - grandma

acostaba - s/he, I, you went to

abuela - grandmother

bed; s/he, I was going to

abuelo - grandfather

bed; you were going to

acaba de - s/he just, recently

bed

acababa de - s/he had just

acostado - laying down

acabo - I have just finished

(se) acostó - s/he went to bed; you went to bed

Glosario estaba de acuerdo - s/he, I, you

alguno(a)(s) - some

agreed; s/he, I was in

aliviada - relieved

agreement; you were in

aliviar - to alleviate; to ease

agreement

allí - there alta - tall

además - besides; furthermore

(en voz) alta - in a loud voice

adiós - goodbye

alto - tall

adónde - to where

(había) amenazado - (s/he, I,

afuera - outside

you had) threatened

adelante - forward; ahead

agarrado - seized; grabbed

amenazante - threatening

(que) agarraran - that they grab

amenazas - threats

agarró - s/he grabbed; s/he

amenazó - s/he, you threatened

seized

amigo(a) - friend

agotado(a) - exhausted

amistad - friendship

agua - water

(te) amo - I love (you)

amor - love

aguantar - to bear; endure; put up with

angustia - anguish; distress animarlo - to cheer him

ahora - now

ante - before

ahorrado - saved

anterior - previous; prior

ahí - there

aire - air

antes - before

al - to the

año - year

alegre - happy

apellido - last name

alegría - happiness; joy

apenas - hardly; scarcely;

(me) alegro - I am happy

barely

alerta - alert

aquí - here

alfombra - rug

árbol - tree

algo - something alguien - someone

100

Glosario arreglaba - s/he, I, you

baja - short

arranged; s/he, I was

bajado - descended

arranging; you were

bajando - descending

arranging

bajar - to descend

ascenso - raise

bajaron - they; you (pl.) de-

asegurarme - to assure me

scended

así - so

bajo - short

asustarla - to scare her

bajó - s/he descended; you

asustó - s/he scared

atrás - back

descended

barrio - neighborhood

atreve - s/he dares; you dare

bastante - enough

aún - even

bello - beautiful

aunque - although

besándole - kissing her/him

avergonzada - ashamed

beso - kiss

ay - oh

besó - s/he, you kissed bien - well; fine

ayuda - help

blancas - white

ayudaba - s/he, I, you helped;

boca - mouth

ayer - yesterday

bolsa - bag

were helping

bolsillo - pocket

s/he, I was helping; you

ayúdame - help me

bonito(a) - pretty

ayudar - to help

boquiabierto - open mouthed;

ayudarla - to help her

agape

ayudarme - to help me

bosque - forest

ayudarte - to help you

brazo - arm

ayudé - I helped

bueno(a) - good

(que) ayuden - that they help

burlándose - ridiculing

ayudó - s/he, you helped

busca - s/he looks for; you look

azul - blue

for

101

Glosario buscaba - s/he, I, you looked

cambiaba - s/he, I, you

for; s/he, I was looking

changed; s/he, I was

for; you were looking for

changing; you were

buscaban - they, you (pl.)

changing cámbiate - change yourself

were looking for

cambio - change

looked for; they, you (pl.) buscado - looked

cambió - s/he, you changed

buscando - looking

caminaba - s/he, I, you walked;

buscándolo - looking for it

s/he, I was walking; you

buscar - to look for

were walking

buscaré - I will look for

caminaban - they, you (pl.)

buscaremos - we will look for

walked; they, you (pl.)

buscarían - they, you (pl.)

were walking

would look for

caminado - walked

buscarlo(a) - to look for him,

caminar - to walk

her, it

caminando - walking

buscaron - they, you (pl.)

(que) caminara - that s/he walk

looked for

camino - path; way caminó - s/he, you walked

cabello - hair

camión - truck

buscó - s/he, you looked for cabeza - head

camiones - trucks

cada - each

camisa - shirt

(había) caído - had fallen

campesino - peasant

caja - box

campo - countryside

calle - street

cansado(a) - tired

(se) calló - s/he, you kept quiet

capturado - captured

cama - bed

capturarlas - to capture them capturarlo - to capture him

102

Glosario capturaron - they, you (pl.) captured

ciudad - city claramente - clearly

cara - face

cobarde - coward

cárcel - jail

cocina - kitchen

cariñosa - loving

(había) comenzado - had

cariñosamente - lovingly

begun

casa - house

comer - to eat

casarnos - to get married (us)

comía - s/he ate; s/he was

casi - almost

eating

cayéndose - falling

comida - food

cayeron - they, you (pl.) fell

había comido - had eaten

cayó - s/he, you fell

comiendo - eating

cena - dinner

(que) comiera - that s/he eat

cenar - to have dinner

(que) cenes - that you have

cómo - how

dinner

(past subjuntive)

como - like; as; since

cómoda - comfortable

cerrar - to close

compañeros - companions

cerró - s/he, you closed

compartido - shared

chaqueta - jacket

compartir - to share

cerca - close

chico(a)- boy (girl)

complicados - complicated

chocaba - s/he, I, you crashed

comprar - to buy

into; s/he, I was crashing

compras - shopping

into; you were crashing

con - with

into

decorado - decorated

chocó - s/he, you crashed into

conductor - driver

ciertamente - certainly

conmigo - with me

cinco - five

conoce - s/he knows; you

cita - date; appointment

know

103

Glosario conocer - to know

corre - s/he runs; you run

conocía - s/he, I, you knew

correr - to run

conocido - known

corría - s/he, I, you ran; s/he, I was running; you were

conozco - I know

running

conseguir - to get

corriendo - running

(que) consiga - (that) s/he,I,

corriéndole - running

(había) conocido - (had) met

you get

corrieron - they, you (pl.) ran

consigo - I get, obtain

corrió - s/he, you ran

contaba - s/he, I, you told;

cortaba - s/he, I, you cut; s/he,

s/he, I was telling; you

I was cutting; you were

were telling

cutting

(que) contara - (that) s/he, I,

corte - cut

cosas - things

coser - to sew

contártelo - to tell it to you

cosía - s/he, I, you sewed; s/he,

contestarlas - to answer them

I was sewing, you were

you tell (subjunctive)

contársela - to tell it to her

contestó - s/he, you answered

sewing

(había) cosido - (had) sewn

contó - s/he, you told

costurera - seamstress

contigo - with you contra - against

creció - s/he grew

(había) contratado - (had)

creer - to believe

hired

creerlo - to believe him; to

contraté - I hired

believe it

contuvo - s/he contained; held

creerlos - to believe them

coqueta - flirty

creo - I believe

coqueteando - flirting

(que) creyeran - (that) they

coquetear - to flirt

believe (past subjunctive)

corazón - heart

104

Glosario creyeron - they, you (pl.) be-

curioso - curious

lieved

(había) dado - (had) given

creyó - s/he, you believed

dará - s/he, you will give

(había) cruzado - (s/he, I, you

darle - to give to him, her

had) crossed

darme - to give to me de - from; of

cuál - which

(que) dé - (that) s/he, I, you

cruzar - to cross cualquier - whichever

give (subjunctive)

cuándo - when

(que) deba - (that) s/he, I, you

cuánto - how much cuarto - room cuatro - four

should (subjunctive)

debajo - under

debemos - we should; ought

cubrió - s/he, you covered

deben - they, you (pl.) should;

cuenta - s/he tells; you tell

ought

(se dio) cuenta - s/he, you real-

ized

debería - s/he, I, you should; ought

cuentas - you tell

debes - you should; ought

cuento - story; I tell

debía - s/he should

cuerpo - body

débil - weak

cuidaba - s/he, I, you cared for; s/he, I was caring for; you

debo - I should; ought

decía - s/he, I, you said; s/he, I

were caring for

was saying; you were

cuidado - careful

saying

cuidadosamente - carefully

decidida - decided

cuidar - to take care of

decidieron - they, you (pl.)

cuídate - take care

decided

culpable - guilty

decidió - s/he, you decided

cumplida - completed

decir - to say, to tell

cumplió - s/he, you completed

decirle - to say to him, her

105

Glosario decirles - to say to them

descansaba - s/he, I, you rest-

decirme - to say to me

ed; s/he, I was resting;

decírselo - to say/tell it to him,

you were resting

her

descansar - to rest

dejaba - s/he, I, you left; s/he, I

desconsoladamente - incon-

was leaving; you were

descanso - rest

leaving

solably

(había) dejado - s/he, I, you had left

desde - since

(se había) desmayado - (s/he, I,

dejando - leaving

you had) passed out

dejar - to leave

se desmayó - s/he, you passed

dejaron - they, you (pl.) left dejaron de - they, you (pl.)

stopped (doing something)

out

despedirse - to say goodbye

despertaba - s/he, I, you woke up; s/he, I was waking up;

(que) dejes - that you leave (alone) (subjunctive)

dejó - s/he, you left (some-

se despertó - s/he, you woke

thing)

dejó de- s/he, you stopped

you were waking up

despertar - to wake up up

se despierta - s/he wakes up;

(doing something)

you wake up

del - from the; of the

después - after

delgada - thin

detrás - behind

demasiado - too

detuvo - s/he, you detained

dentro - inside

di - I gave

deprimida - depressed

(había) dicho - (s/he, I, you

derrumbó - it overturned desayunar - to have breakfast

had) said diecisiete - seventeen dieron - they, you (pl.) gave

106

Glosario diez - ten

dónde - where

difícil - difficult

dormía - s/he, I, you slept;

(que) digan - (that) they, you

s/he, I was sleeping; you

(pl.) say (subjunctive) (que) digas - (that) you say

were sleeping dormían - they, you (pl.) were

dije - I said

sleeping

(que) dijera - (that) s/he, I, you

(estaban) dormidas - (they

say (past subjunctive)

were) asleep

dormir - to sleep

dijeron - they, you (pl.) said dijiste - you said

dormirse - to fall asleep

dijo - s/he, you said

dormitorio - bedroom

dime - tell me

dos - two

dinero - money

dueño - owner

dio - s/he, you gave

durante - during

Dios - God

durmieron - they, you (pl.)

dirección - address; direction

slept

diremos - we will say

echó - s/he, you threw; cast

dirigirse - to direct to

edificio - building

disculpe - pardon me; excuse

ejecutado - executed

me (imperative)

discúlpenme - pardon me;

ejército - army el - the

excuse me (plural impe-

él - he

rative)

elegido - chosen; elected

divulgaron - they, you (pl.) divulged; revealed

doce - twelve

ella - she ellos(as) - they empezaron - they, you (pl.)

dolía - it hurt; it was hurting dolor - pain

started empezó - s/he, you started

dolorosa - painful

107

Glosario empujaron - they, you (pl.)

enfrente - in front of

pushed

enfurecería - s/he, I, you would

empujó - s/he, you pushed

become furious

en - in

engaño - deceit

enamorado de - in love with

enloqueció - s/he, you went

enamorándose de - falling in

crazy

love with

enojado(a) - angry

(le) encanta - it enchants

(se) enojó - s/he, you got mad enorme - enormous

him/her/you; s/he loves it; you love it

entendía - s/he, I, you under-

(me) encanta - it enchants me; I love it

stood

entendió - s/he, you under-

(te) encanta - it enchants you;

stood

you love it

entiendo - I understand

(le) encantaba - it enchanted

entonces - then

entre - between; among

loved it

entregarme - to turn myself in

him/her/you; s/he, you

encantadora - delightful;

(te) entregas - you turn yourself

enchanting

encima(de) - on top of

(había) entrenado - (s/he, I,

enfermo(a) - sick

you had) trained

(se había) enfermado - (s/he, I, you had) gotten sick

entró - s/he, you entered era - s/he, it, I was; you were

enfermándose - getting sick

eran - they, you (pl.) were

(que) enfermara - (that) s/he, I,

eres - you are

you get sick

es - s/he is, you are

enfermedad - illness

escalera - stairs

enfrentarse - to face; to con-

escalera de incendios - fire

front

escape

108

Glosario escogió - s/he, you chose

escuchó - s/he, you listened to

esconden - they, you (pl.) hide

escuela - school

esconder(se) - to hide

ese - that

escondido(a) - hidden

por eso - therefore; for that

escondiendo - hiding

reason

escondieron - they, you (pl.)

espacio - space

hid

espada - sword

escondió - s/he, you hid

esperaba - s/he, I, you waited;

escondite - hiding spot; hide-

out

s/he, I was waiting; you were waiting

escondo - I hide

esperaban - they, you (pl.)

escribió - s/he wrote

wait-ed; they, you (pl.)

escritorio - desk

were waiting

escuchaba - s/he, I, you list-

(había) esperado - (s/he, I, you had) waited

tening to; you were lis-

espérame - wait for me

tening to

esperando - waiting

ened to; s/he, I was lis-

escuchado - listened to

esperanza - hope

escuchamos - we listen to; we

esperar - to wait

listened to

esperará - s/he, I, you will wait

escuchando - listening to

espero - I hope

escuchar - to listen to

esperó - s/he, you waited

(que) escucharan - (that) they,

espía - spy

you (pl.) listen to

esposo(a) - spouse

escucharla - to listen to her

esto(a) - this

escucharon - they, you (pl.) lis-

está - s/he, it is; you are

tened to

(que) escuchen - (that) they, you (pl.) listen to

estaba - s/he, I, was; you were estaban - they, you (pl.) were estabas - you were

109

Glosario (había) estado - (s/he, I, you

frío - cold

had) been

frontera - border

estamos - we are

fue - s/he was; you were

están - they, you (pl.) are

fue - s/he, you went

estar - to be

(que) fuera - (that) s/he, I, you

estará - s/he, you will be

go; be (past sunjunctive)

estarían - they, you (pl.) will be

(que) fueran - (that) they, you

estás - you are

(pl.) go; be (past subjunc-

este - this

tive)

(que) esté- (that) s/he, you be

fueron - they, you (pl.) were

(subjunctive)

fuerte - strong

(que) estén- (that) they, you

fuertemente - strongly, hard,

(pl.) be (subjunctive) estoy - I am estuve - I was

with forcé (adv.)

fuerza - force, strength

fuerzas - forces, strength

(que) estuviera - (that) s/he, I,

ganando - winning; earning

you be

ganar - to win; to earn

estuvo - s/he was; you were

ganaría - s/he, I, you would

exigente - demanding

extrañaba - s/he, I, you missed

ganarse (la vida) - to earn (a

extraño - strange fácil - easy

win; earn living)

(con) ganas - willingly; with

feliz - happy

desire

fin - end

gente - people

final - final

golpearon - they, you (pl.) hit;

fingió - s/he, you pretended

beat

fingir - to pretend

golpeó - s/he, you hit; beat

(en) frente (de) - (in) front (of)

gracias - thank you

fresco - fresh; cool

gran soldado - great soldier

110

Glosario grande - big

ha amenazado - s/he has

gris- gray

threatened

gritaban - they, you (pl.) yelled; they, you (pl.) were

ha tenido - s/he has had haber escapdo - to have esca-

yelling

ped… (used in perfect

gritando - yelling

tense)

gritar - to yell

había - there was; there were

grito - yell; shout

HABÍA - I, s/he, you had (used

gritó - s/he, you yelled

in past perfect tense)

guapo(a) - good-looking

había abierto - had opened

guapísimo - very good-looking

había amenazado - had threat-

guardar - to guard; to keep

ened

guardó - s/he, you guarded; kept guerra - war

había asociado - had associated

había avisado - had advised

(le) gusta - it is pleasing to

había bajado de peso - had

him/her; s/he likes; you like

había buscado - had looked for

(le) gustaba - it was pleasing to him/her; s/he, you liked

lost weight

había caído - had fallen había caminado - had walked

gustar - to be pleasing

había comenzado - had begun

gusto - pleasure

había comido - had eaten

(le) gustó - s/he, you liked

había compartido - had shared

HA… - s/he has..; you have…

había conocido - had known;

(used in perfect tense)

had met

ha sido - s/he has been

había contratado - had hired

ha hecho - s/he has made; s/he

había cosido - had sewn

has made

había dado - had given había dejado - had left

111

Glosario había desmayado - had fainted;

había observado - had ob-

passed out

served

había dicho - had said

había ocurrido - had occurred

había elegido - had chosen

había pasado - had passed;

había encontrado - had found; encountered

happened

había pensado - had thought

había enfermado - had gotten

había perdido - had lost

sick

había preguntado - had asked

había entrado - had entered

había prometido - had prom-

había escuchado - had listened to

había esperado - had waited for

ised

había puesto - had put

(se) había quedado - had stayed

había estado - had been

había respirado - had breathed

había explicado - had ex-

había revelado - had revealed había roto - had broken

plained

había ganado - had won; had

había salido - had left

earned

había seguido - had followed;

había hecho - had done; made

había herido - had injured;

had continued

había servido - had served

wounded

había sido - had been

había huido - had fled

había sufrido - had suffered

había llegado - had arrived

había sugerido - had suggested

había luchado - had fought

había tenido - had had

había mandado - had ordered;

había tocado - had touched;

demanded

había movido - had moved

had played había visto - had seen

había notado - had noticed; had noted

112

Glosario HABÍAN - they, you (pl.) had...

habrán sido - they will have

(used in past perfect

been

tense)

habría visto - would have seen (se) hace - s/he gets, becomes;

habían arrestado - had arrested

I, you get; become

habían atacado - had attacked

hacemos - we do; we make

(se) habían escondido - had

hacer - to do; to make

hidden (themselves)

habían agarrado - had grabbed

hacerle daño - to do harm to

habían limpiado - had cleaned

him/her/you

habían salido - had left

hacerle preguntas - to ask

habían torturado - had tortured

him/her/you questions

habían venido - had come

hacerlo - to do it

hablaba - s/he, I, you talked;

hacerme - to make me

s/he, I was talking; you

hacia - toward

were talking

hacía buen tiempo - it was

hablaban - they, you (pl.) were

good weather

talking

hacía - s/he, I, you made; did

hablando - talking

hacían - they, you (pl.) made;

hablar - to talk

(que) hablara - (that) s/he, I,

did

haciendo - making; doing

you talk (past subjunc-

(que) hagan - (that) they make;

tive)

hablaré - I will talk

hambre - hunger

hablaron - they, you (pl.) talked

hará - s/he, you, I will do; s/he,

(que) hables - (that) you talk (sunjunctive)

I, you will make haremos - we will do; we will

habló - s/he, I, you talked habrá - there will be

make haría - s/he, you, I would do; s/he, I, you would make

113

Glosario HAS - you have.. (used in perfect tense)

hoy - today HUBIERA - s/he, you, I would

has venido - you have come

have… (used in perfect

has trabajado - you have

tense) (past subjunctive) hubiera huido - would have fled hubiera pasado - would have passed

worked

hasta - until hay - there is

(que) hubieran - (that) they

he - I have

would have (used in per-

hecho - made; done

fect tense) (past subjunc-

HEMOS - we have… (used in

tive)

perfect tense)

hubo - there was (at that

hemos hecho - we have done, made

moment)

huida - escape; flight

hemos escuchado - we have listened

(había) huido - (had) fled huir - to flee

herido(a) - injured

humilde - humble

hermano(a) - brother (sister)

(de buen) humor - (in a good)

hermanita - little sister hermosa - beautiful

hicieron - they, you (pl.) made; did

hiciste - you made; did hijo(a) - son (daughter) historia - story; history

hizo - s/he, you made; did hoja de papel - sheet of paper hola - hello

hombre - man hombro - shoulder

humor; mood

(de mal) humor - (in a bad) humor; mood

(que) huyan - (that) they, you (pl.) flee huyendo - fleeing huyó - s/he, you fled iba- s/he was going, went; you were going, went íbamos - we were going; went iban - they, you (pl.) were

114

Glosario going; went

le - to him/her/you

(había) ido - (had) gone

lentamente - slowly

igual - equal; same

les - to them

incómodo - uncomfortable

(se) levantaba - s/he, you got

infeliz - unhappy

levantando - getting up; stand-

inquietud - anxiety; restless-

up; stood up

ness

ing up

insegura - insecure

levantaron - they, you (pl.) got

intentaba - s/he, I was intend-

up; stood up

ing, intended; you were

levantarse - to get up; to stand

intending, intended

inundaron - they flooded;

levantó - s/he, you got up;

inundated ir - to go

(tengo que) irme - (I have) to

leyó - s/he, you read limpiado - cleaned

limpiaron - they, you (pl.)

leave

stood up

jefe - boss

cleaned

joven - young

limpió - s/he, you cleaned

juntando - joining

(meterse en) líos - to get in

juntarte - to join you

trouble

junto - together

listo(a) - ready

la(s) - the

(se) llama - s/he, it calls

lado - side

him/herself/itself;

(al) lado de - next to; on the side of

(his/her/its name is) (se) llamaba - s/he, it called

lágrima - tear

him/herself/itself;

lápiz - pencil

(his/her/its name was)

largo(a) - long

llamando - calling

lavó - s/he, you washed

(te) llamaré - I will call (you)

115

Glosario llamaremos - we will call

llevaba puesto - s/he was wear-

(te) llamas - you call yourself;

ing; I, you were wearing

(your name is)

llevando - taking; carrying;

llámeme - call me (imperative) (me) llamo - I call myself; (my

wearing llevar - to take; to carry; to

name is)

wear

llamó - s/he, you called

(que) llevaran - (that) they take

llegaba - s/he, I, you arrived

(past subjunctive)

llegado - arrived

llevarlas - to take them; to

llegar - to arrive

carry them

llegara - s/he, you, I arrived

llevarlo - to take it, him

(past subjunctive)

llevaron - they, you (pl.) took

llegará - s/he, you, I will arrive

llevó - s/he, you took

(que) llegaran - (that) they, you

lloraba - s/he, I, you cried

(pl.) arrive

llorando - crying

llegaría - s/he, your, I would

llorar - to cry

arrive

llegaron - they, you (pl.)

lloró - s/he, you cried

arri-

ved

loca - crazy

llegó - s/he, you arrived

lo - it localización - location

(que) lleguemos - (that) we

los - the

arrive (subjunctive)

luchado - fought

(que) llegues - (that) you arrive

luchar - to fight

(subjunctive)

luchó - s/he, you fought

llena - full

luego - later; then

llenando - filling

lugar - place

llenaron - they, you (pl.) filled

luna - moon

llevaba - s/he, you, I carried;

luz - light

took; wore

madre - mother

116

Glosario mal(o) - bad; badly

mediodía - noon

maleta - suitcase

medir - to measure

mamá - mom

mejilla - cheek

mandado - sent

mejor - better

mandaré - I will send

mencionaron - they, you (pl.)

manera - manner, way

mentioned

menor - younger

mañana - tomorrow

menos - less

mapa - map

mente - mind

mano - hand

marido - husband

mentira - lie

más - more

mentirle - to lie to him/her

matar - to kill

(que) matara - (that) s/he, you, I kill (subjunctive)

(que) mataran - that they, you

mes(es) - month(s) mesa - table

mesita - little table

meterme (en líos) - to get

(pl.) kill (subjunctive)

mentiroso(a) - liar

mataremos - we will kill

mataría - s/he, I, you would kill

metido - put or stuck inside

metió la pata - s/he put his foot

matarlos(las) - to kill them matarlo - to kill him

(myself in trouble)

in his mouth

(se) metió (en líos) - s/he got in

mataron - they, you (pl.) killed

trouble, you got in

(que) maten - (that) they kill

trouble

(subjunctive)

mi(s) - my

mayor - older

mí - me

me - to me; myself; me

midió - s/he, you measured

medio(a) - half

miedo - fear

médico - doctor

mientras - while

medidas - measurements

mil - one thousand

117

Glosario milagro - miracle

muchacho - boy

mintió - s/he, you lied

muchísimo - very much

mío - mine

muebles - furniture

miraba - s/he, I was looking at,

muerte - death

looked at; you were look-

muerto - dead; died mujer - woman mundo - world

mirando - looking at

muriendo - dying

mirar - to look at

(que) muriera - (that) s/he, I,

ing at, looked at (una) mirada - (a) look at

miraron - they, you (pl.) looked at

you (would) die (past subjunctive)

(que) miren - (that) they look at (subjunctive)

murió - s/he, you died muy - very

nada - nothing

mismo(a) - same

nadie - no one

mochila - backpack

negó - s/he, you denied,

miró - s/he, you looked at

(de todos) modos - anyway; in

refused

negro(a) - black ni - neither, nor

molesta - s/he, you bother

ni siquiera - not even

any case

mojadas - wet

momento - moment

ninguno(a) - no; none

monarquía - monarchy

niño(a) - child

montañas - mountains

noche - night

morir - to die

nombre - name

morirá - s/he, I, you will die

nos - us; ourselves

moriría - s/he, I, you would die

nosotros(as) - we

mostró - s/he, you showed

noticias - news

mucho(a) - a lot

novio - boyfriend

muchacha - girl

nuestra - our

118

Glosario nuevo - new nunca - never

palpitándole - beating; flutter-

o - or

ing

ocho - eight

(que) palpitara - (that) it beat,

ocultar - to hide

fluttered (past subjunc-

ocupada - occupied; busy

tive)

ofrézcale - s/he, you offer

papel - paper

him/her

papi - daddy

oía - s/he, I, you heard

oído - heard

para - for

parece - it seems; s/he seems

ojalá - I hope; God willing ojos - eyes

parecía - it seemed; s/he, I, you seemed

olvidar(se) - to forget once - eleven

pareció - it seemed; s/he, I, you seemed

pared - wall

otro(a) - other; another

paró - s/he, you, it stopped

otra vez- again

parque - park

oyeron - they, you (pl.) heard

parte - part

oyó - s/he, you heard

pasa - it happens

padre - father

pasa - s/he passes, spends; you

oscuridad - darkness

padres - parents

pass, spend

pagar - to pay

pasaba - it happened

(que) pague - (that) s/he, I, you

pasaba - s/he, you passed;

pay

spent

país - country

pasaban - they passed; spent

palabra - word

pasado - passed; spent; hap-

pálido - pale

palpitaba - it beat, fluttered; it

pened pasando - passing; spending;

was beating, fluttering

happening

119

Glosario pensar - to think pasar - to pass; to spend; to

(que) pensara - (that) s/he, I,

happen

you thought (past sub-

(que) pasara - (that) s/he, I, you spend, pass; (that) it hap-

junctive) pensaron - they, you (pl.)

pen (past subjunctive)

thought

pasará - it will happen; s/he,

pensó - s/he, you thought

you will spend, pass

peor - worse

pasaron - they, you (pl.)

pequeña - small

passed; spent paso - step

pequeñita - very small perder - to lose

pasó - s/he, you passed, spent; it happened

pero - but

(metió la) pata- s/he put his/her foot in his/her mouth

persiguió - s/he, you pursued

pesadilla - nightmare pesar - to weigh

pecho - chest

perdido(a) - lost

pegó - s/he hit, struck

pesetas - Spanish currency

peligro - danger

peligroso - dangerous pelo - hair

during the civil war era

peso - weight pidió - s/he, you asked for

pensaba - s/he, I, you thought;

pido - I ask for

I, s/he was thinking; you,

piensa - s/he, you think

were thinking

piénsalo - think about it

pensaban - they, you (pl.)

(que) piensen - (that) they, you

thought; they you (pl.) were thinking

(pl.) think (subjunctive) piernas - legs

pensado - thought

pies - feet

pensamientos - thoughts

piso - floor

pensando - thinking

placer - pleasure

120

Glosario platos - dishes

preguntaba - s/he, I, you

pleno - full; complete

asked; I, s/he was asking;

pobres - poor people

you were asking

(un) poco - (a) little

preguntado - asked

pocos(as) - few

preguntándose - asking him-

podemos - we can

self/herself

poder - to be able

preguntar - to ask

podía - s/he, I, you could

preguntaron - they, you (pl.)

podíamos - we could

asked

podían - they, you (pl.) could

preguntó - s/he, you asked

podido - could have

(me) preocupaba - I worried; I

podré - I will be able

was worried, worrying

podremos - we will be able

(se) preocupaba - s/he, you

podría - s/he, you, I would be

worried; s/he was

able, could

worried, worrying; you

podrían - they, you (pl.) would be able, could

were worried, worrying

(una) preocupación - (a) worry preocupaciones - worries

preocupada - worried

ponía - s/he, I, you put

(no te) preocupes - don’t worry

pondrá - s/he, you will put

ponerte - put yourself poniendo - putting

me preocupo - I worry (se) preocupó - s/he, you were

poniéndose - putting on; becoming

worried presentimiento - bad feeling;

por - for

foreboding

por fin - finally

prestaban - they, you (pl.) lent

porque - because

(que) prestaran - (that) they,

(una) pregunta - (a) question

you lend (past subjunctive)

121

Glosario prestó - s/he, you lent

puedo - I am able, can

primero - first

puerta - door

primo - cousin

pues - well

(al) principio - at the beginning

(llevaba) puesto - was wearing

(a) principios - at the begin-

pusimos - we put

ning

puso - s/he, you put que - that

(de) prisa - hurriedly; quickly

qué - what

se probó - s/he, you tried on

quebró - s/he, you broke

(con) prisa - in a hurry

prometido - promised

(se) queda - s/he stays; you stay

prometo - I promise

(me) quedaba- I stayed, was

pronto - quick; fast

staying

propio(a) - own

(se) quedaba - s/he, you stayed

pude - I could

(se) quedaban - they, you (pl.)

(que) pudiera - (that) s/he, I,

stayed, were staying

quedado - stayed

tive)

(me) quedaré - I will stay

you could (past subjunc-

(que) pudieran - (that) they,

quedarme - to stay (myself) quedarse - to stay (him/herself)

junctive)

quedarte - to stay (yourself)

you (pl.) could (past sub-

pudo - s/he, you could

(que) te quedes - (that) you

pueblo - town; village

(que) pueda - (that) I, s/he is

stay (subjunctive) (me) quedo - I stay

able, can; that you are

(se) quedó - s/he, you stayed

able, can (subjunctive)

quehaceres - chores

puede - s/he is able, can; you

queremos - we want

are able, can

quería - s/he, I, you wanted

pueden - they are able, can

querían - they, you (pl.) wanted

puedes - you are able, can

querido(a) - dear; beloved

122

Glosario quien(es) - who

regresar - to return

(que) quiera - (that) s/he, I, you

(que) regresara - (that) s/he, I,

want; love (subjunctive)

you returned (past sub-

quiere - s/he wants; you want

junctive)

quieren - they, you (pl.) want

regresará - s/he, you will

quieres - you want

return

regresaré - I will return

(te) quiero - I love you

regresaremos - we will return

quince - fifteen

regresaría - s/he, I, you would

quiero - I want

quisiera - s/he, I, you would like

return

regresarían - they, you (pl.)

quisieron - they, you (pl.) wanted

would return

regresaron - they, you (pl.)

quiso - s/he, you wanted

returned

regresó - s/he, I, you returned

quitarme - to take off (myself)

(se) reía - s/he, you laughed

quizás - maybe; perhaps

(se) reían - they, you (pl.)

quitarle - to take off (him/her)

(un) rato - (a) while

(a) rayas - striped

(tener) razón - to be right; to

(de) repente - suddenly

be correct

respiración - breathing; respi-

recoger - to pick up

ration

recogía - s/he, I, you picked up reconoció - s/he, you recognized

respirado - breathed respirar - to breathe (que) respirara - (that) s/he

reconozco - I recognize recorría - s/he, I, you ran around; covered

recuerdo - I remember

laughed

reloj - clock

breathed (past subj.) retorno - return reunión - reunion; meeting revela - s/he reveals; you

123

Glosario reveal

sabía - s/he, I, you knew sabíamos - we knew

revelado - revealed

sabían - they, you (pl.) knew

revelando - revealing

sacó - s/he, you took

revelar - to reveal

sal - leave (imperative)

(que) revelara - (that) s/he, I,

sala - living room

revelación - revelation

you revealed (past sub-

sale - s/he, you leave

junctive)

salía - s/he, I, you left

revelaría - s/he, I, you would

reveal

salida - exit salido - left

revelarle - to reveal to him/her

saliendo - leaving

reveló - s/he, you revealed

(que) saliera - (that) s/he, I, you

rey - king

left (past subjunctive)

salieron - they, you (pl.) left

rieron - they, you (pl.) laughed

salió - s/he, you left

(te) ríes - you laugh

salir - to leave

riesgo - risk

saltó - s/he, you jumped

(se) rinde - s/he surrenders;

salud - health

riéndose - laughing

s/he, I was bleeding; you

rojas - red

were bleeding

you surrender

sangraba - s/he, I, you bled;

(se) rió - s/he, you laughed ropa - clothing

sangre - blood

rostro - face

sastre - tailor

roto - broken

sastrería - tailor shop

sabemos - we know

se - him, her, them; himself,

saben - they, you (pl.) know

herself, themselves

saber - to know

sé - I know

saberlo - to know it, him

(que) sea - (that) it be; that

sabes - you know

s/he, you, I be (subjunc-

124

Glosario tive)

señora - Mrs.; madam

(que) seas - (that) you be (sub-

señorita - miss

junctive)

ser - to be

(se) secó - s/he, you dried

será - s/he, you will be

seguía - s/he, I followed, was

serás - you will be sería - s/he, I, you would be

were following

si - if

seguía - s/he, I continued, kept on; you continued, kept

sí - yes

sido - been

following; you followed,

siempre - always

seguido - followed; continued

(lo) siento - I’m sorry

seguir - to follow; to continue;

siete - seven

to keep on

siguiendo - following; contin-

según - according to

uing; keeping on

segundo(a) - second

(al día) siguiente - (on the)

segundos - seconds

seguro(a) - safe; secure

seguridad - safety; security seis - six

continued; kept on

siguió - s/he, I, you followed;

semana - week

following (day)

siguieron - they, you followed;

continued; kept on

sencillas - simple

silla - chair

sentaban - they, you (pl.) sat

simpática - nice

down

sin - without

sentado(a) - seated

sino - but; rather

sentarse - to sit down

sintiéndose - feeling

(se) sentía - s/he, you felt

(se) sintió - s/he, you felt

(se) sentían - they, you (pl.) felt

(ni) siquiera - not even

(se) sentó - s/he, you sat down

sobre - about

señor - Mr.; sir

sobrevivir - to survive

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Glosario sol - sun

get on

sola - alone

sucio - dirty

soldado - soldier

suelo - floor

solo - alone; only

suéltala - let her go; release her

soltó - s/he, it, you released; let

(que) sueltes - (that) you let go

(subjunctive)

sueño - dream

sonido - sound

sugerido - suggested

sonó - it rang

sumamente - extremely

son - they are

sonreía - s/he, I, you smiled;

(que) supiera - (that) s/he, I,

s/he, I was smiling; you

you know (past subjunc-

were smiling

tive)

sonreír - to smile

suplicó - s/he, I, you begged

sonriendo - smiling

supo - s/he, you knew; found

sonríes - you smile

out

sur - south

(una) sonrisa - a smile

suspiró - s/he, you sighed

sonrojó - s/he, you blushed

susurrando - whispering

sorprendido - surprised

susurrándole - whispering to

sonrió - s/he, you smiled

sospechar - to suspect

her

sospechó - s/he, you suspected

susurró - s/he, you whispered

sospechoso - suspicious

suya - hers

sótano - basement

tal (vez) - perhaps

soy - I am

talentosas - talented

su(s) - his, her(s), their, your

taller - workshop; shop

suavemente - softly; smoothly

también - also; too

subió - s/he, you climbed

tampoco - either; neither

(se) subió - s/he, you got in; on

tan - so

subir - to climb; to get in; to

tanto(a) - as much; so much

126

Glosario tantos(as) - as many; so many

tiene - s/he, you have

tapó - s/he, you covered

tienes - you have

tarde - late

tirando - throwing

(buenas) tardes - good after-

tocado - touched

noon

tocar - to touch

tareas - chores

tocaron - they, you (pl.)

te - yourself; to you

touched

tocó - s/he, you touched

tendría - s/he, I, you would

todo(a)(s) - all; everyone

have

tela - fabric

todavía - still

tenemos - we have

tomado - taken

tener - to have

tomar - to take

(que) tenga - (that) s/he, I, you

tomó - s/he, you took

have (subjunctive) tengo - I have

trabaja - s/he, you work

trabajaba - s/he, I, you worked; s/he, I was working; you

tenían - they, you (pl.) had

were working

tenía - s/he, I, you had tenido - had

trabajaban - they, you (pl.)

terminaron - they, you (pl.)

finished; ended

(que) termine - (that) s/he, I,

terminó - s/he, you finished; ended

ti - you (indirect object pronoun)

were working

(había) trabajado - (had)

you finish; end (subjunctive)

worked; they, you (pl.)

worked trabajador(a) - hard-working trabajando - working trabajar - to work trabajaremos - we will work (un) trabajo - (a) job

tiempo - time; weather

trabajó - s/he, you worked

tienda - store

traerle - to bring to him, her

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Glosario tráigame - bring me

vaciar - to empty vale (la pena) - it’s worth it

traje - suit

vamos - we go

tranquilo - tranquil; calm

van - they go

tratando - trying

vas- you go

trataría - s/he, I, you would try

(que) vaya - (that) s/he, I, you

tráiganlo - bring it

trataron - they, you (pl.) tried (que) trate - (that) s/he, I, you

(que) vayan - (that) they, you

try (subjunctive)

(pl.) go (subjunctive)

trató - s/he, you tried

ve - s/he, you see

tres - three

(que) vea - (that) s/he, I, you

triste - sad

see (subjunctive)

tristemente - sadly

(a) veces - (some)times

tristeza - sadness

vecindario - neighborhood

tu(s) - your

vecino - neighbor

veía - s/he, I, you saw

tú - you

(que) tuviera - (that) s/he, I, you have

vemos - we saw vendrían - they, you (pl.) would

tuvimos - we had

tuvo - s/he, you had

come

(que) vengan - (that) they, you

tuyo - yours

(pl.) come (subjunctive)

último(a) - last

venganza - revenge; vengeance

un(a) - a; an

vengarme - to avenge myself

unos(as) - some

venido - come

única - only

venir - to come

uno - one

ventana - window

usted (ud.) - you (formal)

ver - to see

ustedes (uds.) - you (plural)

verdad - the truth

va - s/he, you go

verduras - vegetables

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Glosario vergüenza - shame

vino - s/he, you came

verían - they, you (pl.) would

vio - s/he, you saw

see

(había) visto - (had) seen

verla - to see her, it

(que) viva - (that) s/he, you live

verlo - to see him, it

(subjunctive)

verlos - to see them

vivía - s/he, I, you lived; s/he, I

verse - to see (each other)

was living; you were

vestido - dress

vivían - they, you (pl.) lived;

vez - time

living

vete - go vi - I saw

they, you (pl.) were living

vivir - to live

vivo - I live

viajar - to travel

voces - voices

(un) viaje - (a) trip

volver - to return

viajeros - travelers

volveré - I will return

viajó - s/he, you traveled

(que) volviera - (that) s/he, I,

(había) viajado - had traveled

vida - life

viejo(a) - old

vienes - you come

you returned (past subjunctive)

volvieron - they, you (pl.)

(que) viera - (that) s/he, I, you see (subjunctive)

returned

abruptamente - abruptly

viernes - Friday

accidente - accident

vieron - they, you (pl.) saw

acompañó - s/he accompanied

vigilando - guarding; keeping

actor - actor

an eye on

actuación - acting

vimos - we saw

afectando - affecting

(que) vinieran - (that) they, you

alteraciones - alterations

(pl.) came (past subjunc-

anotó - s/he jotted down; s/he

tive)

annotated

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Cognados (que) vuelva - (that) s/he, I, you return (subjunctive) y - and ya - already yo - I

volvió - s/he, you returned voy - I go; I am going voz - voice (en) voz alta - out loud; aloud (dio la) vuelta - turned around vuelto - returned

Cognados

asistente - assistant asociado - associated atacado - attacked atacó - s/he attacked atención - attention atentamente - attentively atormentaba - s/he tormented; s/he was tormenting atractiva - attractive atraer - to attract avisado - advised avisarme - to advise me banco - bank botellas - bottles calmada - calmed calmadamente - calmly calmar - to calm cálmese - calm down (imperative) capital - capital capitán - captain

ansiedad - anxiety ansiosa - anxious ansiosamente - anxiously anunciar - to announce aprensión - apprehension armados - armed armas - arms; weapons arrestaban - they arrested; they were arresting arrestado - arrested arrestar - to arrest arrestara - that s/he would arrest (que) arrestaran - that they would arrest (past subjunctive) arrestaría - s/he would arrest arrestarlo - to arrest him arrestarlos - to arrest them arrestarme - to arrest me arrestaron - they arrested

130

Cognados

consecuencias - consequences consolaba - s/he consoled; s/he was consoling consolándola - consoling her consoló - s/he consoled constante - constant constantemente - constantly consultar - to consult contenedor - container contento(a) - content contentísima - very content continuar - to continue continuó - s/he continued controlar - to control convencer - to convince convencerlo(a) - to convince him (her) convencido - convinced conversación - conversation conversando - conversing convertirse - to convert convicción - conviction convincente - convincing convirtió - s/he converted coronel - colonel crisis - crisis crítica - critical cruel(es) - cruel cruelmente - cruelly cuestión - question decisión - decision

carácter - character causa - cause causaron - they caused cliente(s) - client(s) colegas - colleagues color - color comentario - commentary completo - complete comprender - to comprehend; to understand comprendía - s/he understood comprendieron - they understood comprendió - s/he understood comunidad - community concentración - concentration concentraría - s/he would concentrate concentrarse - to concentrate conexión - connection confesarle - to confess to her confianza - confidence confiar - to confide in; to trust que confiara - that s/he trust; that s/he confide in que confiaran - that they trust; that they confide in confiaría - s/he would trust; s/he would confide in confundido - confused

131

Cognados

encontrar - to find; to encounter encontrarse - to meet; encounter each other (que) encontrara - (that) s/he, I, you encounter; find (past subjunctive) (que) encontraran - (that) they, you (pl) encounter; find (past subjunctive) encontrarán - they, you (pl) will encounter, find encontraremos - we will encounter; find encontrarla - to encounter it; to find it encontrarlo - to encounter it; to find it encontrarme - to encounter me; to find me encontraron - they, you (pl) encountered, found encontremos - we will encounter; find encontró - s/he, you encountered; found encuentran - they, you (pl) encounter; find (que) encuentren - (that) they, you (pl) encounter; find encuentro - I encounter; find

dedicado - dedicated depende - depends desapareció - s/he disappeared desaparición - disappearance desastre - disaster desesperado - desperate desilusión - disillusion desorden - disorder detectar - to detect detención - detention detener - to detain deteriorando - deteriorating día(s) - day(s) diferente - different directamente - directly división - division doctor - doctor economía - economy elegante - elegant eliminar - to eliminate emoción - emotion emocionada - excited; emotional emociones - emotions (se) encontraba - s/he, I, you found; encountered (se) encontraban - they, you (pl) found; encountered (habían) encontrado - (they had) found

132

Cognados

explicado - explained explosivo - explosive expresión - expression exterminación - extermination familia - family fantasía - fantasy farmacia - pharmacy fascinante - fascinating fascista - fascist (a) favor - (in) favor figurado - figured firmemente - firmly forma - s/he, you, it forms formalidades - formalities forzando - forcing forzarlas - to force them forzó - s/he, you forced foto - photo francesa - French franquista - Francoist frecuencia - frequency frenéticamente - frantically fruta - fruit fugitivo - fugitive furia - fury furioso(a) - furious futuro - future general - general Generalísimo - Franco’s nickname for himself, the Great General

enemigo(a) - enemy entraba - s/he, I, you entered; s/he, I was entering; you were entering entrado - entered entrar - to enter (que) entrara - (that) s/he, I, you enter (subjunctive) entraría - s/he, I, you would enter entraron - they, you (pl) entered entusiasmo - enthusiasm error - error escapado - escaped escapar(se) - to escape (que) escape - (that) s/he, I, you escape (subjunctive) escápense - escape escapo - I escape especial - special espectacular - spectacular estrés - stress estresada - stressed eventos - events evidencia - evidence exacta - exact exactamente - exactly exclamó - s/he, you exclaimed exhausto(a) - exhausted experiencia - experience

133

Cognados

información - information inmediatamente - immediately inmediato - immediate inmóvil - immobile inocencia - innocence inocentes - innocent insomnio - insomnia instante - instant inteligente - intelligent (le) interesaba - it interested (him/her) interesante - interesting (le) interesaría - it would interest (him/her) (que le) interese - (that) it would interest (him/her) (subjunctive) interior - interior interrumpió - s/he, you interrupted interrumpir - to interrupt (que) interviniera - (that) s/he, I, you intervene (past subjunctive) intrigado - intrigued invadieron - they, you (pl) invaded invadió - s/he, you invaded inventar - to invent investigación - investigation investigando - investigating

gramo - gram grave - grave; serious grupo - group honesta - honest honor - honor honrar - to honor hora - hour horizonte - horizon horror - horror horrorizada - horrifying humano - human húmedo - humid idea - idea ignorar - to ignore ilegal - illegal imaginaba - s/he, I, you imagined; s/he, I was imagining; you were imagining imaginación - imagination imaginar - to imagine impaciente - impatient (le) importaba - it was important to him/her importante - important imposible - impossible impresionante - impressive impresionar - to impress impresionarla - to impress her impresionó - s/he, you impressed impulso - impulse

134

Cognados

necesario(a) - necessary necesidades - necessities necesitaba - s/he, I, you needed necesitaban - they, you needed necesitamos - we need; we needed necesitaría - s/he, I, you would need necesitas - you need necesito - I need nervios - nerves nervioso(a) - nervous nerviosamente - nerviously nerviosismo - nervousness normal - normal normalmente - normally norte - north nota - s/he noticed notado - noticed (que) notara - (that) s/he, I, you noticed (subjunctive) obscenidades - obscenities observado - observed observando - observing observar - to observe observaron - they, you (pl) observed obstinada - obstinate obvio - obvious ocurre - it occurs

invitarme - to invite me ironía - irony irresistible - irresistible justo - just, fair kilómetros - kilometers lamentó - s/he, you lamented lámpara - lamp libertad - liberty, freedom lógico - logical marcado - marked marcó - s/he, you marked medicina - medicine mental - mental mercado - market metros - meters militar - military; military person minuto - minute misión - mission motivo - motive motor - motor mover - to move moverla - to move it, her moverse - to move movido - moved moviendo - moving movieron - they, you (pl) moved movió - s/he, I, you moved murmuró - she murmured natural - natural

135

Cognados

planta - plant plato - plate plaza - plaza policía - police políticos - politicians posesiones - possessions posibilidad - possibility posible - possible precaria - precarious preciosa - precious; beautiful prefería - s/he, I, you preferred prefiero - I prefer preparaban - they prepared preparaciones - preparations preparados - prepared preparar - to prepare prepararon - they, you (pl) prepared preparó - s/he, you prepared presencia - presence presidencia - presidency probable - probable problema - problem profesional - professional pronunciar - to pronounce proteger - to protect protegerse - to protect oneself protegerte - to protect you (que) protegiera - (that) s/he, I, you protect (past subjunctive)

ocurrido - occurred ocurrió - it occurred oficial - official oficina - office opción - option operación - operation oportunidad - opportunity organizarlas - to organize them pánico - panic pantalones - pants papá - dad paralizada - paralized paranoico - paranoid

(en) particular - in particular patio - patio pausa - pause perfecto(a) - perfect perfectamente - perfectly permiso - permission permitido - permitted persona - person personal - personal personalidad - personality perdón - pardon perdóname - pardon me perdonar - to pardon, forgive perdonaría - s/he, I, you would forgive pistola - pistol plan - plan planeando - planning

136

Cognados

resultado - result rico(a) - rich rifles - rifles romance - romance románticamente - romantically romántico(a) - romantic rumores - rumors ruta - route sarcásticamente - sarcastically sargento(s) - sergeant(s) satisfacción - satisfaction secreto(a) - secret secundaria - secondary seductor(a) - seductive sensación - sensation sentimental - sentimental serio(a) - serious servicio - service servido - served servirle - to serve him/her silencio - silence silenciosamente - silently sinceridad - sincerity síntomas - symptoms sitio - site situación - situation solución - solution subterráneo - subterranean suficientemente - sufficiently

(que) proteja - (that) s/he, I, you protect (subjunctive) provisiones - provisions; supplies punto - point rápidamente - rapidly; quickly rápido - fast; rapid reacción - reaction reaccionado - reacted realidad - reality realmente - really recibirás - you will receive recibiría - s/he, I, you would receive relación - relationship remedio - remedy reparaban - they, you (pl) repaired; were repairing reparaciones - repairs

reportaba - s/he, I, you reported república - republic republicano(a) - republican respeto - respect responder - to respond responderle - to respond to him/her respondió - s/he, you responded responsabilidad - responsibility resto - rest

137

Cognados

traición - treason traidor - traitor tumba - tomb uniforme - uniform usaba - s/he, I, you used usar - to use usaré - I will use usó - s/he, you used valiente - valient, brave varios(as) - various; several vehículo - vehicle víctimas - victims violentamente - violently violentos - violent virus - virus visiones - visions visitado - visited visitar - to visit visitaron - they, you (pl) visited vomitó - s/he vomited votó - s/he voted vulnerable - vulnerable

sufría - s/he, I, you suffered; s/he, I was suffering; you were suffering sufrían - they, you (pl) suffered; were suffering sufrido - suffered temblaba - s/he, I, you trembled; s/he, I was trembling; you were trembling temblaban - they, you (pl) trembled; they, you (pl) were trembling temblando - trembling temblándose - trembling temblar - to tremble temblor - tremor temblorosa - shaky; trembling testimonio - testimony tímida - timid; shy título - title tono - tone tortura - torture torturado - tortured torturar - to torture (que) torturaran - (that) they, you (pl) torture (past subjunctive) torturaron - they, you (pl) tortured (que) torturen - that they torture (subjunctive)

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