Cuba

According to Cuba's strategic plan, the exact sciences, including mathematics, are considered essential not only for technological progress but also for strengthening education at all levels and nurturing the capacity of the new generations of Cuban scientists Cuban’s recognize the importance of involving the entire scientific community in improving education, particularly in the field of mathematics, they use various strategies, including non-formal approaches, to achieve this goal

Despite the achievements in education and support for mathematics in Cuba, the education system faces challenges such as limited resources due to economic restrictions, centralization that can reduce the diversity of pedagogical approaches, the possible overrepresentation of the sciences at the expense of other disciplines, and limitations in accessing external resources due to its political situation, which could restrict opportunities for international collaboration and educational enrichment

In Argentina, mathematics teaching is focused on developing mathematical skills and competencies in students from initial levels to secondary level Mathematics teaching is based on a constructivist approach, which seeks for students to be active in their own learning and build their mathematical knowledge through problem solving and concept exploration

In the first educational levels, learning through play and the manipulation of specific objects is prioritized, which helps students understand mathematical concepts in a visual and practical way As students advance through educational levels, greater emphasis is placed on understanding mathematical concepts, problem solving, and mathematical communication It is intended that students not only perform calculations, but also be able to argue and justify their answers in a logical and coherent manner