专题 1：区域空间发展与韧性应对 / Special 1: Regional Spatial Development and Resilience Response
王颜姣，斯特芬·奈豪斯，鲍勃·乌尔森 . 基于森林景观恢复策略的庄园遗产景观设计探寻：以荷兰海德兰省巴克塞比克地区为例 [J]. 风景园林，2021，28（7）：39-53.
基于森林景观恢复策略的庄园遗产景观设计探寻—以荷兰海德兰省巴 克塞比克地区为例 Forest Landscape Restoration as Design Strategy for Resilient Heritage Estate Landscapes: The Case of the Baakse Beek Region, Gelderland Province, the Netherlands 王颜姣 （荷）斯特芬·奈豪斯 * （荷）鲍勃·乌尔森
开放科学（资源服务）
WANG Yanjiao, (NLD) Steffen Nijhuis*, (NLD) Bob Ursem
中图分类号：TU986 文献标识码：A
标识码（OSID）
摘要：庄园遗产景观是指包含花园和农业用地的历史乡村庄园集群。在气候变化、工业发展和快速城市 化的背景下，庄园遗产景观正面临水生态环境失衡、空间碎片化和文化特征消失等挑战，而这些挑战只
文章编号：1673-1530(2021)07-0039-15
能从区域规划尺度去应对。以荷兰海德兰省巴克塞比克地区为例，在考虑地方景观异同的同时，以景观
DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2021.07.0039.15
自身特性为基底，结合未来发展趋势，进一步诠释了一种旨在提升庄园遗产景观韧性的多尺度景观设计
收稿日期：2021-02-10 修回日期：2021-05-24
方法。发现森林砍伐为地域空间变化的主要因素之一，它对水系统与生态多样性造成了负面影响。基于 在区域尺度上对庄园遗产景观历史发展的分析，森林景观恢复（FLR）作为主要设计策略，旨在从不同 尺度上对“退化的”景观进行生态功能修复并提升人类福祉。这种新的空间设计方法将在不同尺度上促
王颜姣 / 女 / 代尔夫特理工大学风景园林硕士 / 马歇
进文化遗产景观发展。
尔·威姆·凡·东恩工作室初级景观设计师 / 研究方
关键词：多尺度设计；庄园遗产景观；韧性景观；设计方法；森林景观恢复
向为探索一种基于景观体验的可持续性户外环境的 设计方法
基金项目：由海德兰省资助的“海德兰遗产景观设计地图集”项目（2018—2021 年）
WANG Yanjiao gained her master degree in landscape architecture at Delft University of Technology, and is a junior landscape architect at Studio Marchel-Wim van Dongen. Her research
Abstract: Heritage estate landscapes are clusters of historical estates with their gardens and agricultural land. These heritage estate landscapes suffer from climate change (abundance and shortage of water),
focuses on exploring a future-proof design method
spatial fragmentation through urbanization, and loss of identity through economic tendencies. These
for a healthy outdoors environment with landscape-
challenges can only be addressed from a regional point of view that takes local differences into account
based experience.
and takes the landscape as the basis for future strategies for further development. This paper addresses
（荷）斯特芬·奈豪斯 / 男 / 博士 / 代尔夫特理工大学
an adaptive and multi-scale landscape design approach for developing a more resilient heritage
建筑与建成环境学院城市主义研究带头人、风景园林
estate landscape, taking the estate landscape in the Baakse Beek region (a region in the East of the
学科副教授 / 研究方向为基于景观的区域设计、可持
Netherlands) as a case study. Deforestation is identified as one of the critical agents of spatial change
续的城市发展、弹性的沿海景观、设计的遗产景观和 花园、数字风景园林以及视觉景观研究
in the region, causing significant water system problems and loss of biodiversity. Based on a regional
通信作者邮箱（Corresponding author Email）：
analysis of the estate landscape's historical development, forest landscape restoration (FLR) is employed
s.nijhuis@tudelft.nl
as a contextual design strategy to regain ecological functionality and enhance human wellbeing in the
(NLD) Steffen Nijhuis, Ph. D., is a research leader
degraded landscape across scales. This paper showcases a multi-scale spatial design approach for
in the Department of Urbanism and associate professor of landscape architecture at Delft
developing cultural heritage landscapes.
University of Technology. His research focuses on
Keywords: multi-scale design; heritage estate landscape; resilient landscape; design approach; forest
landscape-based regional design, sustainable urban
landscape restoration
development, resilient coastal landscapes, designed
Fund Item: The Project “Design Atlas Heritage Estate Landscapes Gelderland” Financed by the Province
heritage landscapes and gardens, digital landscape architecture, and visual landscape research.
of Gelderland (2018—2021)
（荷）鲍勃·乌尔森 / 男 / 硕士 / 代尔夫特工业大学植 物园科学主管 / 荷兰植物园学会主席与创始人 / 研究 方向为生物学、热带生态学、植物学、木材解剖学、 无机化学、晶体化学和物理 (NLD) Bob Ursem, MSc, is the director of the botanical garden of Delft University of Technology and founder and president of Dutch Society Botanic Gardens. His research focuses on biology, tropical ecology, botany and wood anatomy, and inorganic chemistry, crystal chemistry, and physics.
1 前言 庄园遗产景观（heritage estate landscape）
受，也揭示了当地蕴含的文化背景，对促进 区域发展的新陈代谢起到重要作用。然而，
由历史乡村庄园集群构成，表现了历史进
随着工业化与急剧的城市化，遗产景观面临
程中人文活动规律及人与自然环境的互动
着气候变化与文化特色丧失的威胁 [1]。如今，
（图 1）。庄园遗产景观既给人们带来视觉享
人为干预、气候变化、洪涝与干旱以及土壤
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