Looking Backward: Archaic Arctic Art and Artifacts | July 9 - 14, 2022

Looking Backward: Archaic Arctic Art and Artifacts JU LY ! "!— !$% & !' (' '

Looking Backward: Archaic Arctic Art and Artifacts JU LY ! "!— !$% & !' (''

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 Many countries prohibit or restrict importation or exportation of property containing ivory, whale bone, sealskin, and/or products derived from other endangered or protected species, and require special licenses or permits in order to import or export such property. It is the responsibility of the buyer to ensure that the item is properly and lawfully exported / imported. Please do not hesitate to contact one of our specialists for further details.

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 Lot $ FEMALE!FIGURE&!OLD!BERING!SEA&!SIVUQAQ! .ST/!LAWRENCE!ISLAND0

55

Lot % FEMALE!FIGURE&!PUNUK!OR!THULE&!SIVUQAQ! .ST/!LAWRENCE!ISLAND0

55 Lot %& ULU!.WOMEN’S!KNIFE0&!OLD!BERING!SEA!I&!

OKVIK&!SIVUQAQ!.ST/!LAWRENCE!ISLAND0

55

Lot $$ HUNTING!CHARM!OR!ACCUMULATION! OF!IMPLIMENTS&!LABRADOR

Photography & design by Waddington’s All rights reserved.

!

FEMALE!FIGURE"!PUNUK!OR!EARLY!THULE"!!

SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!CA$!&''-)'''!CE ivory, with prominent genitals and facial ta!ooing 9.5 x 2.5 x 1.5 in — 24.9 x 6.4 x 3.8 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK NOTE"

Related Works: Fitzhugh, William W., Julie Hollowell, and Aron L. Crowell, Ancient Gi!s from the Ancestors; Ancient Ivories of the Bering Strait, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009), 199, pl. 15.

Wardell, Allen, Ancient Eskimo Ivories of the Bering Strait, (New York: Hudson Hills Press Inc., 1986), 97, pl. 114.

LITERATURE"

Mantel, Ken, Tuvaq: Inuit Art and the Modern World, (Bristol: Sansom and Company Ltd., 2010), 191, pl. 196. #$%&&&'—')%&&&

* FEMALE!FIGURE"!OLD!BERING!SEA!I"!OKVIK"!SIVUQAQ! #ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!CA$!)''-*''!CE comprised of ivory, carved and incised with fine lines 4.7 x 1.75 x 1.5 in — 11.9 x 4.4 x 3.8 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK NOTE"

Okvik is the earliest known phase of so-called Paleo-Eskimo culture, dating ca. 250 BCE – 100 CE, distinguished mainly by a monumental style of human or humanoid representation carved on a small scale.

The possible religious or ritual significance of Old Bering Sea sculpture is unknown, however characteristics present in Okvik figuration, including distorted facial features, implied skeletal marks, and the presence of ta!oo pa!erns (as in the present work), are prominent in figuration associated with the supernatural in the earliest known Western Arctic artistic traditions.

The present artwork is an important sculpture with characteristics in keeping with subtype C of the Okvik style, as defined by Henry Collins et. al. 135, it is characterized by subtly carved breasts, and a surface embellished with finely incised parallel lines o"en radiating from small concentric circles, the la!er appearing with star-like spiked designs on the stomach and lower back of the figure. [1] Typical of Okvik sculpture, the figure’s torso is truncated and limbless. The head has also been broken away, and while an inherent point of structural weakness in the sculpture, the decapitation of Okvik figures has been noted as a possible ritual act. [2] (1) Wardell, Allen, Ancient Eskimo Ivories of the Bering Strait, (Maine: The American Federation of Arts, 1986), 36.

(2) Fitzhugh, William W., Julie Hollowell, and Aron L. Crowell, Ancient Gi!s from the Ancestors; Ancient Ivories of the Bering Strait, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009), 216.

EXHIBITED"

American Federation of the Arts, Ancient Eskimo Ivories of the Bering Strait, July 1986 #$%&&&'—')%&&&

+ FIGURE"!OLD!BERING!SEA!I"!OKVIK"!GAMBELL"!SIVUQAQ! #ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!CA$!+&'!BCE!–!)''!CE comprised of ivory, an armless torso surmounted by an elongated head with releif carved high brow ridge, slender nose, and incised details 3.9 x 1.4 x 0.8 in — 10 x 3.5 x 2 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK NOTE"

Okvik is the earliest known phase of so-called Paleo-Eskimo culture, dating ca. 250 BCE – 100 CE, distinguished mainly by a monumental style of human or humanoid representation carved on a small scale.

The possible religious or ritual significance of Old Bering Sea sculpture is unknown, however characteristics present in Okvik figuration, including distorted facial features, implied skeletal marks, and the presence of ta!oo pa!erns are prominent in figuration associated with the supernatural in the earliest known Western Arctic artistic traditions.

The present sculpture represents one of the earliests figural traditions known in the Arctic, an important sculpture with characteristics in keeping with subtype A of the Okvik style, as defined by Henry Collins et. al. 135, it is characterized by forcefully cut, thick, deep lines, and with an overall minimally defined, even “crude” expression.

[1] Typical of Okvik sculpture, the figure’s torso is truncated and limbless, its face defined by a dispassionate, perhaps otherworldly expression.

(1) Wardell, Allen, Ancient Eskimo Ivories of the Bering Strait, (Maine: The American Federation of Arts, 1986), 36.

RELATED'WORKS"

Wardell, Allen, Ancient Eskimo Ivories of the Bering Strait, (New York: Hudson Hills Press Inc., 1986), 41, pl. 12-13.

EXHIBITED"

The Isaacs/Innuit Gallery, Early Art and Artifacts of the Inuit, Toronto, 1999, p. 5, pl. 7. #*%&&&'—'+%&&&

, FIGURE"!OLD!BERING!SEA!I"!OKVIK"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

CA$!+&'!BCE!–!)''!CE comprised of ivory, an armless torso surmounted by an elongated head with releif carved high brow ridge, slender nose, and incised details 3.8 x .75 x .5 in — 9.7 x 1.9 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK NOTE"

Okvik is the earliest known phase of so-called Paleo-Eskimo culture, dating ca. 250 BCE – 100 CE, distinguished mainly by a monumental style of human or humanoid representation carved on a small scale.

The possible religious or ritual significance of Old Bering Sea sculpture is unknown, however characteristics present in Okvik figuration, including distorted facial features, implied skeletal marks, and the presence of ta!oo pa!erns (as in the present lot), are prominent in figuration associated with the supernatural in the earliest known Western Arctic artistic traditions.

The present sculpture represents one of the earliests figural traditions known in the Arctic, an important sculpture with characteristics in keeping with subtype A of the Okvik style, as defined by Henry Collins et. al. 135, it is characterized by forcefully cut, thick, deep lines, and with an overall minimally defined, even “crude” expression. [1] Typical of Okvik sculpture, the figure’s torso is truncated and limbless, its face defined by a dispassionate, perhaps otherworldly expression.

(1) Wardell, Allen, Ancient Eskimo Ivories of the Bering Strait, (Maine: The American Federation of Arts, 1986), 36. #*%&&&'—'+%&&&

$ FIGURE!YUPIK"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!PRE-)-'' janus-faced, wood with inset Russian blue bead labrets 7.1 x 1.2 x 1.8 in — 18 x 3 x 4.5 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK NOTE"

Wooden human or humanoid carvings among the peoples of the Bering Sea region are o"en referred to as dolls, and yet many exhibit characteristics that suggest religious or ceremonial significance. Small human or humanoid figures among the Alaskan Yupik are noted for their use in fertility rituals, as stand ins for people away from villages during festivals, and in hunting and fishing ceremonies. [1] The present example is particularly notable for its janus-faced head. One side of the carving bears a distinctive male visage distinguished by the presence of two symmetrical labrets and also by the characteristic upturned mouth associated with men in historic Bering Sea imagery. The opposing face has been largely shorn away but the bo!om portion showing the downturned frowning mouth associated with images of women remains. It has been suggested that the common occurrence of male and female faces in combination in Bering Sea art indicate that they served as charms, male and female spirits in the Bering Sea cosmology. [2] (1) Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 156.

(2) Ibid.,192. #!%&&&'—'!%$&&

MASKETTE"!POSSIBLY!DORSET!CULTURE"!CA$!.''!BCE!–!)*''!CE comprised of ivory, relief carved nose and mouth with oblong eyes 1 x 1.5 x .25 in — 2.5 x 3.8 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK NOTE"

Related Works: Houston, James, George Swinton, William E. Taylor Jr., Sculpture/Inuit, (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1971), pl. 376.

LITERATURE"

Mantel, Ken, Tuvaq: Inuit Art and the Modern World, (Bristol: Sansom and Company Ltd., 2010), 27, pl. 10. #.&&'—'!%*&&

) POLAR!BEAR!EFFIGY"!OLD!BERING!SEA"!

SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

PRE-).'' composed of ivory, quadrupedal animal with pronounced stomach .75 x 2.5 x 5 in — 1.3 x 6.4 x 12.7 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK RELATED'WORKS"

Ellis, Donald, Art of the Arctic: Reflections of the Unseen, (London: Black Dog Publishing Ltd., 2015), 73, pl. 68. #)&&'—'.&&

/ FIGURAL!NEEDLE!CASE"!IPIUTAK"!

BERING!SEA!REGION!OR!INLAND! NORTHWEST!ALASKA"!CA$! )''!BCE!–!.''!CE composed of ivory, carved and elaborately incised 4.25 x 1 x .5 in — 10.4 x 2.5 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK NOTE"

A highly embellished and elaborate sewing needle case whose outswept medial loops–if not the object as a whole–appear to be a derived from the stylised representations of seals sometimes depicted by the Ipiutak, such as an example found at an Ipiutak grave site near Tikigaq (Point Hope) (see Wardell, 113, pl 148).

RELATED'WORKS"

Wardell, Allen, Ancient Eskimo Ivories of the Bering Strait, (New York: Hudson Hills Press Inc., 1986), 113, pl. 148. #!%$&&'—'*%$&&

.

COMB!WITH!FIGURAL!SEAL!HEAD! TOGGLE"!!THULE"!BERING!SEA!REGION"!

CA$!)'''-).''!CE comprised of ivory, four tined waisted comb terminating on one end with loop and figural seal head toggle early 19th century 0.4 x 5.9 x 0.8 in — 1 x 15 x 2 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK NOTE"

A comb with figural seal head toggle, its tines are short and stoutly built for the important task of processing strips of baleen or grass for weaving.

Like so many Old Bering Sea culture objects, it is finely finished and graceful in form. [1] (1) Fitzhugh, William W., Julie Hollowell, and Aron L. Crowell, Ancient Gi!s from the Ancestors; Ancient Ivories of the Bering Strait, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009), 153.

RELATED'WORKS"

Princeton University Art Museum, Obect no.

1997-234. Click here to read more #$&&'—')&&

!& ULU!#WOMEN’S!KNIFE%"!

OLD!BERING!SEA!I"!OKVIK"!SIVUQAQ! #ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

CA$!+&'!BCE!–!)''!CE ivory, stone, carved and incised 2.8 x 4.7 x 0.7 in — 7 x 12 x 1.75 cm RELATED'WORKS"

Donald Ellis, Gallery Catalogue, (Toronto: Donald Ellis Gallery Ltd., 2011), 22-23. #!%&&&'—'*%&&&

!!

HARPOON!HEAD"!OLD!BERING!SEA!III"!SAVOONGA"!

SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!CA$!*''-&''!CE comprised of ivory and bearing incised designs including five raised bosses embellished with a pa!ern of nucleated ellipses, the surrounding surface with a motif of radiating lines, inscribed with collector’s inventory number 1 x 4.25 x .62 in — 2.5 x 10.8 x 1.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Ruthelle Kingeekek, Savoonga, St. Lawrence Island, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above NOTE"

An elaborately embellished and highly sculptural object, the present harpoon head is representative of the highly refined and distinctive style associated with Bering Sea III artists. The topographically varied surface of the head is centred around a medial ridge and cut away section that would have once housed a stone blade. It has been suggested that the nucleated ellipses punctuating the form may represent eyes. [1] (1) Emily E. Auger, The Way of Inuit Art, Aesthetics and History In and Beyond the Arctic, (North Carolina: McFarland & Company Inc., 2004), 31.

RELATED'WORKS"

Wardell, Allen, Ancient Eskimo Ivories of the Bering Strait, (New York: Hudson Hills Press Inc., 1986), 90, pl. 104.

Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 242, pl. 291. #!%&&&'—'!%$&&

!* PAIR!OF!QILAUT!#HOOP!DRUM%!HANDLES"!INUPIAT"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!PRE-)-'' two swayback faceted whalebone handles, each with notch at proximal end, visible remnant of whalebone dowels, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1.25 x 4.5 x 1.25 in — 3.2 x 11.4 x 3.2 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Olanna family, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above NOTE"

An implement with a long history throughout the Arctic, in the Bering Sea region the qilaut or hoop drum has o"en been central to lively celebration among the Inupiat and neighbouring Yupik. Closely associated with communal gatherings, and o"en used in playful lighthearted dance, it can also be subject to great seriousness, for qilaut means literally “that by means of which the spirits are called up,” and spirits in the Inupiat cosmology are not always benign. [1] (1) Laugrand, Frédéric, and J. G. Oosten, Inuit Shamanism and Christianity, Transitions and Transformations in the Twentieth Century, [Quoting Rasmussen (1929, 288-9)], (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2010), 10. #!$&'—'*$&

!+ FIGURAL!BEAR!HEAD!HARPOON! FORESHAFT"!YUPIK"!SIVUQAQ! #ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!PRE-)-'' comprised of whalebone with inset Russian blue bead eye 1.5 x 8 x 1.5 in — 3.8 x 20.3 x 3.8 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK #,&&'—'-&&

!, BEAR!AND!SEAL!FORM!DRAG!HANDLE"!

THULE"!GAMBELL"!SIVUQAQ! #ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

CA$!)'''-).''!CE comprised of ivory, carved and incised 1.2 x 3.1 x 0.4 in — 3 x 8 x 1 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK RELATED'WORKS"

Ellis, Donald and Bill Wolf, Art of the Arctic: Reflections of the Unseen, (London: Black Dog Publishing Ltd., 2015), 68, pl. 59.

LITERATURE"

Werner Foreman Archive, Location: 13, Ref: 501Es0227AB. Click here to read more #!%$&&'—'*%$&&

!$ COMB!WITH!INCISED!RAVEN’S!FOOT! DESIGN"!INUPIAT"!SITAISAQ! #BREVIG!MISSION%"!PRE-).'' wrought from a section of salvaged whalebone armour, inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers 3.25 x 1.50 x .125 in — 8.3 x 3.8 x 0.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Caroline Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above #*$&'—'+$&

!THREE!LANCE!HEADS!AND!ONE! POINT"!OLD!BERING!SEA"!SAVOONGA"!

SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

PRE-).'' barbed, and comprised of ivory and whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest .25 x 6 x .25 in — 0.6 x 15.2 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including John Waghuji, Savoonga, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above #*&&'—'+&&

!)

TWO!POLAR!BEAR!TOOTH!AMULETS"!

OLD!BERING!SEA"!!SAVOONGA"!

SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

PRE-).'' one with bored hole, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 3 x 75. x .50 in — 7.6 x 190.5 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Ruthele Kungeekuk, Savoonga, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 5/3931. Click here to read more #!&&'—'*&&

!.

BIRD!EFFIGY!AND!OTHER!CHARMS"!

INUPIAT"!SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!

PRE-)-'' one wooden and one ivory bird effigy, one wooden boat, small implement, and trade knife, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 4 x .75 x .50 in — 10.2 x 1.9 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Caroline Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 246, pl. 299. #!&&'—'*&&

*& TWO!FIGURAL!CHARMS"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!PRE-)-'' comprised of wood, one head with geometric relief carved features, one torso and head with relief carved nose and incised features, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 2.5 x .75 x .50 in — 6.4 x 1.9 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection #*&&'—'+&&

*!

SEAL!FORM!DRILL!CAP"!PUNUK"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!

CA$!&''-)'''!CE ivory with relief carved flippers, and domed drill-spindle indentation 1 x 4.3 x 1.4 in — 2.5 x 10.9 x 3.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Alaska Shop Gallery of Eskimo Art, New York, 1998 RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 286-287.

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 22/6920. Click here to read more #)&&'—'.&&

*+ QUILLIQ!WITH!TENDING!IMPLEMENT"!NETTLILLING!FJIORD"!

CUMBERLAND!SOUND"!BAFFIN!ISLAND"!PRE-)-'' crescent shaped stone lamp, and hooked stone implement with burnished finish terminating on one end with a rectangular knop largest 3.75 x 18 x 8 in — 9.5 x 45.7 x 20.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection of Edward Charles and Judy Steeves, Ontario; Thence by descent to the consignor NOTE"

Finely carved, and with unusually sensitive proportions, this qulliq was given as a gi" on February 1st 1969 to Edward Charles Steeves in Pangnirtung.

The qulliq bears a label stating that it was found in October of 1968 “in an abandoned camp Ne!illing Fjord, Cumberland Sound, Baffin Island.”

Edward Charles “Ted” Steeves was the co-owner of Karen Bulow Limited in Montreal and then Toronto from 1959 to 1985. In 1969, Karen Bulow Limited, was approached by the Federal Government to start a weaving program in Pangnirtung. [1] Although the program proved ultimately unsustainable, numerous textiles were produced through the program, and several important talent were discovered who went on to become important graphics artists in Pangnirtung.

(1) The Globe and Mail, Edward Steeves Obituary, march 13-19 2021. Click here to read more REFRENCES"

Crandall, Richard C., Inuit Art A History, (Jefferson, North Carolina, and London: McFarland & Company), 189.

RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 103.

British Museum, Museum no. Am1903,0615.14. Click here to read more National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 26/3292. Click here to read more #)&&'—'.&&

*, TWO!ULUS!#WOMEN’S!KNIVES%"!YUPIK"!INUPIAT"!!SAVOONGA"!

SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!SITAISAQ! #BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND!SHISHMARAF"!PRE-).'' stone, one with wooden half round handle, one with crescent openwork handle in whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 2.5 x 2.75 x .5 in — 6.4 x 7 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Floyd Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; John Waghuji, Savoonga, AK, Alene Weyioulanna, Shishmaraf, AK; Anchorage Pawn Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 78, pl. 3.28-3.29.

Please note that this lot is an amalgam of components from various sites. #+&&'—'$&&

*$ HAND!ADZE"!OLD!BERING!SEA"!SHISHMAREF"!!

PRE-).'' whalebone and jadeite, anterior surface of ha" embellished with incised chevron motif, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers 4.5 x 8 x 2 in — 11.4 x 20.3 x 5.1 cm PROVENANCE"

Emma Olanna, Shishmaref, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above NOTE"

This early adze is notable for its ha" embellished with a design of chevrons and small spurs. While a motif recurrent in many variations throughout Paleo and historic Arctic imagery, the design’s presence outside of the region south of Norton Sound fell largely out of use following the spread of Thule culture ca.

1000 CE. [1] The motif has been said to represent the skeleton of an animal, imagery o"en present in a shamanic context in the Western Arctic and Northwest Coast of North America.

(1) Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 249.

NOTE :

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 80, pl. 3.39-3.40.

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 10-1808.

Click here to read more Please note that this lot is an amalgam of components from various sites. #*$&'—'+$&

*HAND!ADZE"!COMPONENTS!FROM!VARIOUS!SITES"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!PRE-)-'' bone, jadeite, and sinew, components individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers 6 x 5 x 2.25 in — 15.2 x 12.7 x 5.7 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection RELATED'WORKS"

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 80, pl. 3.36-3.38.

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 9/765.

Click here to read more Please note that this lot is an amalgam of components from various sites. #*$&'—'+$&

*) THREE!ADZE!HANDLES"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!PRE-).'' two unembellished whalebone ha"s, and one with incised chevron motif, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 10 x 2 x .62 in — 25.4 x 5.1 x 1.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection #*&&'—'+&&

*/ EIGHT!BIRD-BOLTS"!THULE"!

SHISHMAREF"!AND!SITAISAQ! #BREVIG!MISSION%"!CA$!)'''-).''!CE comprised of six unmbellished bolt heads and two with incised designs, ivory and whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 2 x .75 x .5 in — 5.1 x 1.9 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Alene Weyiouanna, Shishmaref, AK and Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above #!$&'—'*$&

*.

FOUR!BIRD!BOLO!WEIGHTS"!INUPIAT"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!PRE-)-'' four lanceolate bolas comprised of whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1 x 2 x .75 in — 2.5 x 5.1 x 1.9 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Glen W. Adams, Alene Weyiouanna, and Inez Tocktoo, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 223, 253.

Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 75, pl. 52. #/&'—'!&&

+& FOUR!COMBS"!THULE"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!

CA$!)'''-).''!CE two unembellished combs, and two bordered with incised motif of interlocking triangles, ivory and whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 5 x 1.5 x .25 in — 12.7 x 3.8 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 78-84. #*&&'—'+&&

+!

FIVE!LABRETS!#LIP!ORNAMENTS%"!INUPIAT"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!PRE-)-'' comprised of two unembellished ivory and two whalebone labrets, and one in ivory with incised designs, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1 x 1 x .50 in — 2.5 x 2.5 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Helena Seecot, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 141, pl. 5.34.

Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 147, pl. 172.

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 5/951.

Click here to read more National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 6/7882.

Click here to read more #*&&'—'+&&

+* THREE!BOAT!HOOKS"!YUPIK"!

INUPIAT"!SAVOONGA"!SIVUQAQ! #ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

AND!SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!

PRE-).'' two ivory boat hooks, and one whale bone hook-formed object with incised lines, one hook heavily mineralized and of caramel colour largest 2.25 x 7 x .75 in — 5.7 x 17.8 x 1.9 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Gertrude Toolie, Savoonga, AK; Fred D. Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 193. #!$&'—'*$&

++ WOUND!PLUG"!AND!AVATAQ! #SEALSKIN!FLOAT%!PLUG"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!PRE-)-'' comprised of whalebone, wedge with circumferential groove and bored hole, and one ivory plug with broad circumferential groove largest 3.25 x 1.5 x .75 in — 8.3 x 3.8 x 1.9 cm PROVENANCE"

Waddington’s, Toronto, ON, ca. 1990s, lot 708; Private collection, Toronto, ON RELATED'WORKS"

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 23/785.

Click here to read more National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 11/3354.

Click here to read more #!&&'—'*&&

+, OIL!DISH"!PUNUK"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!

LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!CA$!&''-)'''!CE thin-walled whalebone dish with carved figural whales flukes handle 1 x 3.9 x 1.4 in — 2.5 x 10 x 3.5 cm PROVENANCE"

Bill Johnstone collection, Carlisle, UK #,&&'—'-&&

+$ THREE!HARPOON!HEADS"!INCLUDING! ONE!PUNUK"!BERING!SEA!REGION"!CA$! &''-)'''!CE two unembellished ivory heads, and one bearing incised designs, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1.25 x 4 x .5 in — 3.2 x 10.2 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Antiques and Things, Soldotna, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 235.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, cat. no.

1979.206.614. Click here to read more #!$&'—'*$&

+TWO!HARPOON!HEADS"!OLD!BERING! SEA"!BERING!SEA!REGION"!PRE-)/'' one unadorned ivory harpoon head, and one with incised designs and bifurcated tail, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest .75 x 3.75 x .25 in — 1.9 x 9.5 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Antiques and Things, Soldotna, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 229.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, cat. no.

1979.206.614 Click here to read more #!$&'—'*$&

+) FOUR!HARPOON!HEADS"!INUPIAT"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND! SOLDOTNA"!PRE-)-'' three whalebone, and one ivory and stone harpoon head, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1 x 4.5 x .75 in — 2.5 x 11.4 x 1.9 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Jacob Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 232, 240.

McCord Museum, cat. no. ME982X.309.

Click here to read more #*$&'—'+$&

+/ FOUR!LANCE!HEADS"!INUPIAT"!YUPIK"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND! SAVOONGA"!SIVUQAQ! #ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!PRE-)-'' unilaterally barbed whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest .5 x 8.75 x .5 in — 1.3 x 22.2 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Johnny Waghuji, Savoonga, AK; Lenara Olannna, Brevig Mission; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above #*&&'—'+&&

+.

THREE!FISH-FORM!LURES"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!PRE-)-'' ivory, one with relief carved gills, one with tubular inset eyes, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest .62 x 3.25 x .5 in — 1.6 x 8.3 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 209. #*$&'—'+$&

,& WRISTGAURD!WITH!INCISED!DESIGNS"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!PRE-).'' comprised of whalebone, concave with oblong slots and incised grid design, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers 3.25 x 1.5 x .25 in — 8.3 x 3.8 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection RELATED'WORKS"

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 41, pl. 1.227.

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 269.

Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 106. #!&&'—'*&&

,!

ONE!WRIST!GUARD!AND!SEVEN!ARMOUR!PLATES"!

THULE"!SAVOONGA"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!CA$!)'''-).''!CE comprised of whalebone, one concave with oblong slots, two faceted, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 5 x 2.25 x .12 in — 12.7 x 5.7 x 0.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Fred D. Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Johnny Waghuhji, Savoonga, St. Lawrence Island, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 41, pl. 1.227.

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 269. #*&&'—'+&&

,* TWO!HARPOON!HEADS!AND!VARIOUS!IMPLEMENTS"!

PANNIRTUQ!#PANGNIRTUNG%"!PRE-)-'' two ivory harpoon heads, one seal-form with iron and copper, three other implements largest 4 x 1.5 x 1 in — 10.2 x 3.8 x 2.5 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection of Edward Charles and Judy Steeves, Ontario; Thence by descent to the consignor NOTE"

This a!ractive seal-form lure and other implements are from the collection of Edward Charles and Judy Steeves.

Edward Charles “Ted” Steeves was the co-owner of Karen Bulow Limited in Montreal and then Toronto from 1959 to 1985. In 1969, Karen Bulow Limited, was approached by the Federal Government to start a weaving program in Pangnirtung. [1] Although the program proved ultimately unsustainable, numerous textiles were produced through the program, and several important talent were discovered who went on to become important graphics artists in Pangnirtung.

(1) The Globe and Mail, Edward Steeves Obituary, march 13-19 2021. Click here to read more REFRENCES"

Crandall, Richard C., Inuit Art A History, (Jefferson, North Carolina, and London: McFarland & Company), 189.

RELATED'WORKS"

Canadian Museum of History, Artifact no. IV-X-593.

Click here to read more #!$&'—'*$&

,+ ONE!FIRE!STARTER!BLOCK!AND!TWO! ADDITIONAL!IMPLEMENTS"!PUNUK"!

YUPIK"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE! ISLAND%"!CA$!&''-)'''!CE!AND!LATER one whalebone ulu handle, one ivory fire starter block, one tapered and faceted whalebone scraper handle, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 5.75 x 2 x .5 in — 14.6 x 5.1 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Boone Trading Co., Brimnon, WA; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 64, pl. 2.2.

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 130. #*$&'—'+$&

,, SEVEN!BARBED!POINTS"!INUPIAT"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!PRE-).'' bilaterally and unilaterally barbed ivory points, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest .25 x 4.5 x .125 in — 0.6 x 11.4 x 0.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Henry Olanna Jr., Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 20, pl. 1.116.

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 212, pl. 7.

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 13/8356.

Click here to read more #*$&'—'+$&

,$ SIXTEEN!IMPLEMENTS"!SAVOONGA"!

YUPIK"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE! ISLAND%"!PRE-).'' comprised of one leather punch, one plug, one barbed point, four line guides, and nine various implements including one with incised designs, ivory and whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 3.5 x .25 x .25 in — 8.9 x 0.6 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Johnny Waghuji, Savoonga, St. Lawrence Island, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 124. #!&&'—'*&&

,THREE!IVORY!IMPLEMENTS"!OLD! BERING!SEA"!BERING!SEA!REGION"!

PRE-).'' comprised of ivory, one harpoon foresha" with ribbed design, one with incised motifs of triangular eliminates, one with motif of curvilinear lines, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 8.75 x 1 x .5 in — 22.2 x 2.5 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection #*$&'—'+$&

,) THREE!HARPOON!FORESHAFTS"!OLD! BERING!SEA"!BERING!SEA!REGION"!

PRE-).'' two whalebone and one ivory tool handle, the la!er faceted and waisted, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 5.75 x .75 x .75 in — 14.6 x 1.9 x 1.9 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection #/&'—'!&&

,/ SIX!HARPOON!HEADS"!PUNUK"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND! SAVOONGA"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE! ISLAND%"!CA$!&''-)'''!CE four whalebone and two ivory harpoon heads, including an example with incised designs, and an example with t-shaped relief carving, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest .75 x 3.5 x .75 in — 1.9 x 8.9 x 1.9 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Jacob Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Adeleri Kingeekuk, Savoonga, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 224-243.

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 3/2517. Click here to read more The Metropolitan Museum of Art, cat. no.

1979.206.614. Click here to read more #!$&'—'*$&

,.

ELEVEN!IMPLEMENTS"!INUPIAT"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND! QIKIQTAQ!#SHISHMAREF%"!PRE-)-'' one ivory needle case, toggle, finger rest, needle, two thimble gaurds, and five additional implements largest 1 x 2.25 x .25 in — 2.5 x 5.7 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Floyd Olanna, Alene Weyiouanna, and Leonard S Adams, Shishmaref and Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 247, pl. 302.

Fitzhugh, William W. and Susan A. Kaplan, Inua, (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1982), 135, pl. 150.

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 290-291.

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 13/289. Click here to read more #!$&'—'*$&

$& AXE!HEAD"!THULE"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!

LAWERENCE!ISLAND%"!CA$!)'''-).''!

CE burnished ivory with half round indentation to accommodate ha"ing, inscribed with collector’s inventory number 2.25 x 5 x 1.25 in — 5.7 x 12.7 x 3.2 cm PROVENANCE"

Boone Trading Co., Brimnon, WA; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 300. #!$&'—'*$&

$!

TWO!WEDGES"!THULE"!SITAISAQ! #BREVIG!MISSION%"!CA$!)'''-).''!CE burnished whalebone with faceted surface and visible cut marks, inscribed with collector’s inventory number largest 1.75 x 4.5 x 1 in — 5.7 x 12.7 x 3.2 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Fred D. Olanna, Brevig, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 300. National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 13/6601.

Click here to read more #!$&'—'*$&

$* QULLIQ!#SEAL!OIL!LAMP%"!PRE-)-'' crescent stone lamp with marine oil and fat incrustations, original sinew repair 4.25 x 15 x 6 in — 10.8 x 38.1 x 15.2 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection, Ontario RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 103.

British Museum, Museum no. Am1903,0615.14.

Click here to read more National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 26/3292. Click here to read more #+&&'—'$&&

$+ TEN!IMPLEMENTS"!INUPIAT"!YUPIK"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND! SAVOONGA"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE! ISLAND%"!PRE-)-'' one avataq (sealskin float) mouthpiece, two hooks, one incised fragment, one bow drill component, four various implements, in wood and ivory, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest .25 x 3.5 x .25 in — 0.6 x 8.9 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Helene Seetot, and Caroline Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Johnny Waghuji, Savoonga, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 274. #!$&'—'*$&

$, THIRTEEN!AWLS!AND!ASSORTED! IMPLEMENTS"!YUPIK"!!SAVOONGA"!

SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!

PRE-)-'' one ivory and three whalebone awls, three ivory and five whalebone harpoon foresha"s, and one unknown whalebone implement, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest .50 x 6 x .50 in — 1.3 x 15.2 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including John Waqhuji, Savoonga, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 7/8611. Click here to read more #!&&'—'*&&

$$ THIRTEEN!IMPLEMENTS"!INUPIAT"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND! SHISHMAREF"!PRE-)-'' two whalebone line guides, four net gauges, three spoons, one baleen net shu!le, and three various whalebone implements, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1 x 10.5 x .25 in — 2.5 x 26.7 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Olanna family, S Adams, and Alene Weyiouanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 116, 124, 322-323, 326.

Miles, Charles, Indian and Eskimo Artifacts of North America, (New York: Bonanza books, 1963), 103, pl. 3.131.

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 12/2524. Click here to read more National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 3/2545. Click here to read more #!&&'—'*&&

$TOOL!HANDLE!AND!STONE!BLADE"!

YUPIK"!INUPIAT"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!

LAWRENCE!ISLAND%"!AND!SITAISAQ! #BREVIG!MISSION%"!PRE-)-'' tubular whalebone handle with raised bolster, and stone blade with medial keel, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1.25 x 4.5 x .75 in — 3.2 x 11.4 x 1.9 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Johnny Waghuji, Savoonga, and Bertha Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above NOTE"

Please note that this lot is an amalgam of components from various sites. #/&'—'!&&

$) FOUR!IMPLEMENTS"!INUPIAT"!!SITAISAQ! #BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND!SHISHMAREF"!

PRE-)-'' two harpoon sockets, one wedge, and one handle comprised of whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1.5 x 4.75 x 1.5 in — 3.8 x 12.1 x 3.8 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Alane Weyiouannd and Fred D. Olanna, Shishmaref and Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

National Museum of the American Indian, catalog no. 18/5329. Click here to read more #!&&'—'*&&

$/ TWO!SNOW!KNIVES!AND!SEVEN! OTHER!IMPLEMENTS"!YUPIK"!INUPIAT"!

SAVOONGA"!SIVUQAQ!#ST$!LAWRENCE! ISLAND%"!AND!SITAISAQ!#BREVIG! MISSION%"!PRE-)-'' comprised of whalebone, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 9.5 x 1.75 x .75 in — 24.1 x 4.4 x 1.9 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Alene Kakarak, and Tocktoo, Brevig Mission, AK; Johnny Waghugi, Savoonga, St. Lawrence Island, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above #!&&'—'*&&

$.

SEVEN!IMPLEMENTS"!INUPIAT"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION% comprised of five whalebone handles, one wedge, and one ivory socket, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 9 x 1.25 x .5 in — 22.9 x 3.2 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Bertha Olanna, Sitaisaq (Brevig Mission); Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above #!&&'—'*&&

-& LARGE!SPOON"!AND!VARIOUS!EATING! IMPLEMENTS"!OLD!BERING!SEA"!

SITAISAQ!#BREVIG!MISSION%"!AND! SAVOONGA"!SIVUQAQ! #ST$!LAWRENCE!ISLAND% comprised of one notched ivory spoon, three diminutive whalebone spoons, two wooden dishes, individually inscribed with collector’s inventory numbers largest 1.5 x 9.75 x .5 in — 3.8 x 24.8 x 1.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including S. Adams, and Caroline Olanna, Brevig Mission, AK; John Waghagi, Savoonga, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 116. #/&'—'!&&

-!

SIXTEEN!STONE!EDGED!TOOLS"!

INUPIAT"!SHISMAREF"!AND!SITAISAQ! #BREVIG!MISSION%"!PRE-)-'' four ulu blades, two jadeite blades, two scrapers, seven various edged tools, one sharpening stone largest 3.5 x 5.75 x .125 in — 8.9 x 14.6 x 0.3 cm PROVENANCE"

Various sources including Alene Weyiouanna, Shismaref, AK; Sarah K Henry, and Olanna family, Brevig Mission, AK; Native Hospital Gi" Shop, Anchorage, AK; Acquired by the consignor from the above RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 302-305. #/&'—'!&&

-* THIRTEEN!STONE!EDGED!TOOLS"!

BERING!SEA!REGION"!PRE-)-'' comprised of two scrapers, one blade, ten arrow points largest .5 x 2.5 x .25 in — 1.3 x 6.4 x 0.6 cm PROVENANCE"

Private collection RELATED'WORKS"

Paul and Mary Thiry, Eskimo Artifacts Designed for Use, (Sea!le: Superior Publishing Company, 1977), 306. #,&'—'/&

Buying at Waddington’s All lots will be offered and sold subject to the Conditions of Sale which appear in this catalogue as well as any Glossary and posted or oral announcement. By bidding at auction, bidders are bound by those Conditions and Glossary, as amended by any oral announcement or posted notices, which together form the contract of sale between the successful bidder (buyer), Waddington’s™ and the consignor (seller) of the lot. Descriptions or photographs of lots are not warranties and each lot is sold “as is” in accordance with the Conditions of Sale.

''

All of the items are to be considered, unless otherwise noted in the description or condition report, in good condition. The definition of “good” when used in reference to condition, describes an object as having had no major damage or repair but as with the nature of the material, may show minor surface wear, discolouration etc., which indicates the acceptable wear that the piece may acquire with age. If you are particular about minor flaws, you should examine the pieces in person or have our staff answer any questions before bidding. Sizes are approximate. It is the sole responsibility of the bidder to inquire as to the condition of a lot before bidding. Condition reports are available upon request by phone, fax, email or in person. You are advised to make any requests well in advance of the sale.

Frames on artwork are not included as part of purchase or condition.

'

A premium of 20% of the successful bid price of each lot.

A charge of 13% HST (Harmonized Sales Tax) is applicable on the hammer price and buyer’s premium, except for purchases exported from Canada. In the case where purchases are shipped out of the province of Ontario, the HST or GST is charged based on the tax status of that province.



Payment for purchases must be by cash, INTERAC direct debit (CDN clients in person only), certified cheque (U.S. & Overseas not applicable), travelers cheque, bank dra", electronic transfer (fee applies), VISA or Mastercard (up to $25,000).

ALL'PRICES'IN'CANADIAN'FUNDS

Selling at Waddington’s 

The Auctioneer may also execute bids on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve.

The reserve is the confidential minimum price the seller is willing to accept for his or her property, below which it will not be sold.



’'' Items selling for $7,501 or more 10% Items selling for $2,501 to $7,500 15% Items selling for $251 to $2,500 20%

The Auctioneers will not undertake packing or shipping. The purchaser must designate and arrange for the services of an independent shipper and be responsible for all shipping, insurance expenses and any necessary export permits that may apply. The Auctioneers will, upon request, provide names of professional packers and shippers but will not be held responsible for the service or have any liability for providing this information. Reliable preauction estimates of shipping costs of lots offered in this sale may be obtained from:

Items selling for $250 or less 25%

PakShip

*There is a minimum handling charge of $20 per item

Safer Shipping Inc. ',)--##-..)( / ',)--##-#(%$ perry@safershipping.ca / www.safershipping.ca

A 1% insurance charge, based on the hammer price of the property, will be applied to all accounts.

#$%-'($-)*('+/+#$%-'($-)*(%+/+',)--#.-*--% taurus@pakship.ca / www.pakship.ca

''

Purchases must be paid for within 48 hours of the date of the sale, and removed from premises within 10 days of the date of sale (see Conditions of Sale, conditions 8 to 15). Clients are advised that packing and/or handling of purchased lots by our employees or agents is undertaken solely as a courtesy for the convenience of clients.



Restrictions exist regarding the import and export of species protected under CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species). This includes but is not limited to items made of or containing bone (whalebone etc.), ivory, tortoise shell, seal skin, rhinoceros horn and any other animal part and is strictly controlled or forbidden by most countries. Please review your country’s laws before bidding on pieces made of or containing these restricted items. It is the sole responsibility of the buyer to inquire about and obtain the proper permits for artwork purchased that may contain restricted materials, if such permit can be obtained.

Please contact the department for further assistance. Failure to obtain necessary import/ export permits will not void any sale.

All Narwhal Tusks must have a Marine Harvest Number or a Marine and Mammal Transport number to be sold at Waddington’s.

For more information please visit: www.cites.org

*There is a minimum handling charge of $20 per item ''''' Items selling for $7,501 or more 10% Items selling for $2,501 to $7,500 15% Items selling for $2,500 or less 20%



'

For auction advice on paintings, drawings, prints, jewellery, and various forms of decorative arts and other collectibles, please feel free to contact us via email or telephone.

We are pleased to review emails containing photographs and information on your pieces in order to provide auction estimates for you to consider.

For collections with a variety of objects, please contact our Appraisals and Consignments department (consignments@waddingtons. ca). For department-specific inquiries, please contact the specialist and/or department directly. All contact information can be found at www.waddingtons.ca.

Our offices are located in Toronto and Vancouver, but our specialists occasionally travel to major Canadian cities to meet with prospective consignors. To receive more information on Valuation Days across Canada or to arrange an appointment, please contact our Toronto office (',)-%$'-#,$$).

Please note that property typically arrives at Waddington’s at least three months before the sale in order to allow our specialists time to research, catalogue, photograph and promote the items. Consignors will receive a contract to sign, se0ing forth terms and fees for our services.

Conditions of Sale !"#All lots are sold “AS IS”. Any description issued by the auctioneer of an article to be sold is subject to variation to be posted or announced verbally in the auction room prior to the time of sale. While the auctioneer has endeavoured not to mislead in the description issued, and the utmost care is taken to ensure the correct cataloguing of each item, such descriptions are purely statements of opinion and are not intended to constitute a representation to the prospective purchasers and no warranty of the correctness of such description is made.

An opportunity for inspection of each article is offered prior to the time of sale. No sale will be set aside on account of lack of correspondence of the article with its description or its reproduction, if any, whether colour or black & white. Some lots are of an age and/or nature which preclude their being in pristine condition and some catalogue descriptions make reference to damage and/or restoration. The lack of such a reference does not imply that a lot is free from defects nor does any reference to certain defects imply the absence of others.

Frames on artwork are not included as part of purchase or condition. It is the responsibility of prospective purchasers to inspect or have inspected each lot upon which they wish to bid, relying upon their own advisers, and to bid accordingly. %"# Each lot sold is subject to a 20% buyers premium as part of the purchase price. &"# Unless exempted by law, the buyer is required to pay Harmonized Sales Tax on the total purchase price including the buyer’s premium. For international buyers, taxes are not applicable when purchases are shipped out of country. Items shipped out of Ontario, the buyer is required to pay taxes as per the tax status of that province, whether it HST or GST (Goods and Services Tax).

)" Each lot may be subject to an unpublished reserve which may be changed at any time by agreement between the auctioneer and the consignor. The auctioneer may bid, or direct an employee to bid, on behalf of the consignor as agreed between them. In addition, the auctioneer may accept and submit absentee and telephone bids, to be executed by an employee of the auctioneer, pursuant to the instructions of prospective purchasers not in a*endance at the sale. +"# The highest bidder accepted by the auctioneer for any lot shall be the buyer and such buyer shall forthwith assume full risk and responsibility for the lot and must comply with such other Conditions of Sale as may be applicable. If any dispute should arise between bidders the auctioneer shall have the absolute discretion to designate the buyer or, at his option, to withdraw any disputed lot from the sale, or to re-offer it at the same or a subsequent sale. The auctioneer’s decision in all cases shall be final.

8. Immediately a,er the purchase of a lot, the buyer shall pay or undertake to the satisfaction of the auctioneer with respect to payment of the whole or any part of the purchase price requested by the auctioneer, failing which the auctioneer in his sole discretion may cancel the sale, with or without re-offering the item for sale.

9. The buyer shall pay for all lots within 48 hours from the date of the sale, a,er which a late charge of 2% per month on the total invoice may be incurred or the auctioneer, in his sole discretion, may cancel the sale. The buyer shall not become the owner of the lot until paid for in full. Items must be removed within 10 days from the date of sale, a,er which storage charges may be incurred.

'" The auctioneer reserves the right to withdraw any lot from sale at any time, to divide any lot or to combine any two or more lots at his sole discretion, all without notice.

10. Each lot purchased, unless the sale is cancelled as above, shall be held by the auctioneer at his premises or at a public warehouse at the sole risk of the buyer until fully paid for and taken away.

("# The auctioneer has the right to refuse any bid and to advance the bidding at his absolute discretion. The auctioneer reserves the right not to accept and not to reject any bid. Without limitation, any bid which is not commensurate with the value of the article offered, or which is merely a nominal or fractional advance over the previous bid may not be recognized.

11. Notwithstanding condition no. 1, if the buyer, prior to removal of a lot, makes arrangements satisfactory to the auctioneer for the inspection of such lot by a fully qualified person acceptable to the auctioneer to determine the genuineness or authenticity of the lot, to be carried out promptly following the sale of the lot, and if, but only if, within a period of 14

days following the sale a wri*en opinion of such person is presented to the auctioneer to the effect that the lot is not genuine or authentic, accompanied by a wri*en request by the buyer for rescission of the sale, then the sale of the lot will be rescinded and the sale price refunded to the buyer.

12. Payment for purchases must be by cash, INTERAC direct debit (Cdn clients in person only), certified cheque (U.S. & Overseas not applicable), travelers cheque, bank dra,, electronic transfer (fee applies), and VISA or Mastercard (up to $25,000).

13. In the event of failure to pay for or remove articles within the aforementioned time limit, the auctioneer, without limitation of the rights of the consignor and the auctioneer against the buyer, may resell any of the articles affected, and in such case the original buyer shall be responsible to the auctioneer and the consignor for: (a) any deficiency in price between the resale amount and the amount to have been paid by the original buyer; (b) any reasonable charge by the auctioneer for the storage of such articles until payment and removal by the subsequent buyer; and (c) the amount of commission which the auctioneer would have earned had payment been made in full by the original buyer.

14. It is the responsibility of the buyer to make all arrangements for insuring, packing and removing the property purchased and any assistance by the auctioneer or his servants, agents or contractors, in packing or removal shall be rendered as a courtesy and without any liability to them.

15. The auctioneer acts solely as agent for the consignor and makes no representation as to any a*ribute of, title to, or restriction affecting the articles consigned for sale. Without limitation, the buyer understands that any item bought may be affected by the provisions of the Cultural Property Export Act (Canada).

16. The auctioneer reserves the right to refuse admission to the sale or to refuse to recognize any or all bids from any particular person or persons at any auction.

Waddington’s 'JK King Street East, Second Floor Toronto, Ontario!MKA!$K'

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