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President Barack Obama’s first visit to India has generated great excitement and greater expectations in India. With India-U.S. relations transforming into a robust strategic partnership, such widespread sentiments are only natural. Even two decades ago, it was almost unimaginable that India and the U.S. could have such a partnership, with shared values of democracy, basic freedoms, pluralism and rule of law at its core.

In the evolving international situation, these shared values have guided the world’s largest and the world’s oldest democracies in building a mutually beneficial partnership — in the interest not only of the two countries but also of the world.

India-U.S. relations have deepened in virtually all areas of cooperation — trade, investments, education, health, energy, defense, counterterrorism, space, agriculture, science and technology and peaceful uses of nuclear energy. The IndiaU.S. Civil Nuclear Agreement has emerged as a centerpiece of our partnership. It has allowed us to realize the full potential of our bilateral cooperation and has opened opportunities to work even closer together in areas like energy security, climate change and nuclear nonproliferation.

India has assigned two sites for building nuclear reactors, in cooperation with U.S. companies, and signed the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage. It is time now for businesses to take commercial negotiations forward.

India is now a major buyer of U.S. military-technical equipment. We have already concluded contracts worth $4 billion.

These purchases have created 50,000 jobs in the United States. India has also become a significant export market for U.S. goods, helping ensure more employment. Discussions for defense procurements of a similar amount are under way.

India and the United States have instituted regular talks on issues relating to Afghanistan, East Asia and new global threats and challenges, including terrorism and nuclear proliferation. We also discuss how we can work together for the development of Africa. In the larger Asian and global context,

we have begun bilateral, exploratory meetings on how to assure the safety of the global commons — including maritime security and protecting both outer space and cyberspace.

Some people have said that the warmth and closeness of bilateral relations seen during the Bush administration would not continue. Such doubts are misplaced. There is clear bipartisan support in Washington for a stronger India-U.S. partnership, just as there is broad political support in India.

What is happening today is continued reinforcement of the transformation of our relationship — which began during President Bill Clinton’s presidency and gathered steam under President George W. Bush.

Some have pointed out that issues like outsourcing mark a new backsliding in relations. But these issues need to be seen from the right perspective. Two-way trade has doubled in the past five years and is broadly balanced, including in services.

Indian investments of $25 billion over the same period have directly generated or saved more than 65,000 direct jobs in the United States and many more indirectly.

Our relations are based on a rare level of respect and understanding. The world is going through a time of fragile economic recovery, and it is understandable that growing unemployment could create pressures for protectionist measures. We believe that the way forward lies in creating a positive-sum game — creating jobs and prosperity in both countries.

Now, as a major leap forward in our partnership, the people of India are keenly looking forward to Obama’s visit. Our shared values and the tempo of our continuing cooperation in diverse areas give us confidence that the president’s visit will prove to be a milestone — not only in consolidating what our two nations have accomplished together, but also in providing a vital opportunity to make further progress in our shared international agenda, including genuine reform of international institutions to make them reflective of current geopolitical realities and enabling them to deal with future challenges.

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Yes, we can! — An overview Obama at USIBC Summit: Restrictions on hi-tech exports eased Getting into groove... First Lady bowls over Obamas find Humayun’s Tomb ‘spectacular’ Obama addresses Joint Session of Parliament India, U.S. to forge strategic partnership Indian delicacies wow Obamas at State Banquet

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es, we can”, announced the headline of an Indian daily the day after the US President Obama concluded his historic visit to India on November 9. Perhaps no other phrase best sums up the new dimension that President Barack Obama has added to India-US relations during his four-day Indian sojourn.

Whether we look at it from the Indian or the American point of view, India-US relations have now reached a stage where the two countries can jointly raise the “Yes, we can” slogan popularized by President Obama, then Senator Obama, during his 2008 Presidential campaign.

While India welcomes, among other things, President Obama’s endorsement of India’s wish for a key role at the UN high table – a Permanent Seat on the Security Council – the United States on its part is delighted that India had hailed President Obama’s idea of making IndiaUS relations “the defining partnership of the 21st century”.

During his visit, President Obama emphasized that the partnership that the US had been seeking with India is both political and economic. By hailing India’s historic role of speaking up for the democratic and human rights of peoples who cannot do so on their own, and urging India to not only “look East” but also to “engage the East”, President Obama clearly indicated that the US sees India playing a leadership role in the world in spreading and upholding the common values shared by the two countries – commitment to democracy and rule of law and respect for fundamental human freedom.

At the same time, President Obama strongly underlined the key economic role that India could play in reviving the US economy, creating jobs for Americans, and contributing to the overall economic and financial stability of the highly integrated global economy, while at the same time, reaping for itself the benefits of closer economic, trade and investment ties with the United States.

“The United States sees Asia – and especially India – as a market of the future,” the President declared at a business summit between Indian and American businesses or-

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ganized during his visit. “We don’t simply welcome your rise – as a nation, and a people – we ardently support it.

We want to invest in it. And I’m here because I believe that in our interconnected world, increased commerce between the U.S. and India can be and will be a win-win proposition for both nations,” President Obama said. “… In 2010, trade between our countries is not just a one-way street of American jobs and companies moving to India. It is a dynamic, two-way relationship that is creating jobs, growth, and higher living standards in both our countries. And that is the truth,” President Obama added.

To achieve this shared goal of growth for both the economies, President Obama urged India to steadily reduce any existing barriers to trade and investment.

In reply, India made clear that she too was willing to say “Yes, we can” both politically and economically. At the Joint Press Conference held by Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh and President Obama on November 8, 2010, this was clearly evident. Speaking first, Prime Minister ! "

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Singh said: “President Obama yesterday characterized the India-US partnership as one of the defining and indispensable partnerships of the 21st century. In my discussion with the President, we have decided to accelerate the deepening of our ties and to work as equal partners in a strategic relationship that will positively and decisively influence world peace, stability and progress.”

The Prime Minister went on to emphasize that “President Obama is a sincere and a valued friend of our country, and our discussions have led to a meeting of minds.

Ours is a partnership based on common values and interests, a shared vision of the world, and the deep-rooted ties of friendship among our two peoples. I look forward to working with the President to realize the enormous potential of this partnership of our two countries.”

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The first-ever visit of a U.S. President to India, that of Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1959, was a big success with the President spending almost a week in India and enjoying immense popularity wherever he went. The visit was a huge success, say old-timers, with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and President Eisenhower getting on very well.

India-US relations were often viewed through the narrow prism of geopolitical equations, the Cold War and the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM), and India’s alliance with the erstwhile Soviet Union during the first three decades of her independence. What is often ignored is the economic basis of this relationship.

“In 1951, India formally initiated its development program with the launch of the First Five-Year Plan. The United States, which was by then the undisputed leader of the free world, had high hopes of India. The consensus view in the US was that whereas East Asian economies, such as the Republic of Korea, were likely to turn into basket cases, India and Africa would quickly grow out of poverty. The scholarly community also shared this US government view,” writes internationally reputed US economist of Indian origin Arvind Panagariya in his book India: The Emerging Giant.

“Yet, by 1980, the tables had been turned. In the early 1960s, the Republic of Korea decisively switched from an inward-looking, import substitution industrialization strategy to a policy of aggressive outward orientation. The results were spectacular: Its per capita gross domestic

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President Barack Obama’s visit to India was the sixth by a U.S. President since Dwight D. Eisenhower became the first to come visiting more than 50 years ago.

Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush were the other U.S. presidents to visit India. " " Eisenhower came calling in December 1959 during his Asia tour. In his address to the Indian Parliament, he spoke of “a great awakening” in which the world has come to recognize “that only under a rule of moral law can all of us realize our noblest aspirations”. India’s first Prime Minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru hosted Eisenhower. In his arrival message, Eisenhower said: “In fulfilling a desire of many years, I pay in person America’s tribute to Indian people, to their culture, to their progress and to their strength among independent nations.”

# Richard Nixon was the second President to visit India. Making a one-day trip in July 1969, President Nixon was hosted by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. $ In January 1978, Jimmy Carter was the third President to visit India. A peanut farmer, President Carter visited Daulatpur village in Haryana. Carter’s mother Lillian Gordy Carter used to be a regular guest at the village headman’s house when she worked in India as a Peace Corps volunteer. Carter and First Lady Rosalynn visited the home where Lillian had stayed and presented the village with its first television set. Daulatpur was renamed Carterpuri to commemorate the presidential visit. Prime Minister Morarji Desai was India’s Prime Minister then.

In March 2000, Bill Clinton became the fourth U.S. president to visit India. Accompanied by daughter Chelsea Clinton, his five-day trip was the longest by a U.S. President. President Clinton’s visit also marked a watershed in India-U.S. relations, with trade and business driving the relationship to a new high. " George W. Bush was the fifth U.S. President to visit India, in March 2006. An ardent supporter of India, President Bush in a speech at New Delhi’s historic Purana Qila said: “In my country, some focus only on one aspect of our trade relationship with India: outsourcing. It’s true that some Americans have lost jobs when their companies moved operations overseas... Some people believe the answer to this problem is to wall off our economy from the world through protectionist policies. I strongly disagree... We’re helping to create millions of new jobs in both our countries by embracing the opportunities of a global economy…”

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public sector rather than the private sector, there was little product (GDP) grew at an average annual rate of more economic basis for closer India-U.S. relations. Consequently, than 6 percent and in two decades till the end of the there was little incentive either on the part of the Indian or 1970s, it virtually eliminated poverty as conventionally the American establishments to address the gap that existed measured. In contrast, India turned progressively inward, and to build the necessary political bridges that would bring embarked upon a major expansion of the public sector, the two countries closer to each other. and subjected the private sector to strict investment liNo wonder then that in the 53 years of independence till censing. The result was an average annual growth in per 2000, only three US Presidents visited India — Richard Nixon capita GDP of just a little above 1 percent during the in 1969, Jimmy Carter in 1978 and, of course, Eisenhower in 1960s and 1970s. There was no change in the trend of the proportion of the population living below the official poverty line and with the population growing more than 2 percent ,) 68'')66*80 9-6-7 3* 5)6-()27 -6)2,3:)5 :%6 per annum, the absolute number of poor &%6)( 32 7,) 4531-6) %2( 437)27-%0 7,%7 2(-% rose,” writes Panagariya. ,)0( 387 73 7,) 5)67 3* 7,) :350( %6 % *82'7-32 As economists such as Panagariya, or so -2+ ()13'5%'< :-7, % 1-;)( )'3231< many other political commentators have pointed out, the successful visit of President 1959. But since President Bill Clinton’s visit in 2000, there Eisenhower was based on the promise and potential that have been two more presidential visits in just the last decade.

India held out to the rest of the world as a functioning By 2000, India had opened up her economy and democracy with a mixed economy which despite being adopted market oriented policies that encouraged private based on the notion of building a “socialistic pattern of society” also accepted the benefits that dynamic entrepreentrepreneurship. The consequences: the emergence of neurship can generate in a growing economy.

India as a major global power in information technology, a It is, therefore, not surprising that as long as India adopted sharp rise in the country’s tele-density with the onset of a near-autarchic trade policy with emphasis on self-reliance the mobile phone revolution, a major thrust on infrastrucat the cost of imbibing the latest available technologies and ture by the Indian government as a facilitator rather than as a market interventionist and of course, a sharp rise in production processes, and a more important role for the ! "

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India’s overall growth rate. The reforms in the country’s public sector also unlocked huge resources that had hitherto been either under-utilized or not utilized at all.

The Clinton visit was recognition of all these changes on the economic front. As a commentator pointed out: “For the first time, a visiting U.S. President was accompanied by a large business delegation. President Clinton even addressed two different gatherings of businessmen during his visit.”

But even as times were changing in India, American perceptions of India too underwent a transformation. Although the US had imposed sanctions on India following its nuclear test in 1998, by the time President Clinton came to India, “the idea of isolating India had run out of steam”, says G. Parthasarathy, a former Indian diplomat.

“Also, it was then that the prowess of the Indian IT industry and the creativity of Indians in the US had woken up the American administration. Matters of economy automatically worked themselves into bilateral negotiations rather than because of any concerted effort from either side,” says Parthasarathy. The need for greater economic cooperation between the two countries and greater trade and investment flows between the business communities of the two countries began to impact political perceptions.

While President Clinton was the first to move the U.S. toward neutrality in India-Pakistan disagreements, the next visit by President George W. Bush led to the de-hyphenation of India and Pakistan in U.S. perceptions apart from imparting a monumental improvement in India-US relations, thanks to the inking of the landmark civil nuclear cooperation agreement.

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The third Presidential visit to India within a decade, that of President Obama, has probably opened the door for much vaster India-U.S. cooperation and engagement.

The rise of India as a major global economic power has been a key determinant. Today, the US needs India as much as India needs America.

Today, the world’s oldest democracy and the world’s largest democracy see eye to eye on a vast swathe of political and economic issues.

On the conclusion of President Obama’s visit, Prime Minister Dr. Singh has said as much. Asked about his rapport and friendship with both President Bush as well as

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President Obama, Dr. Singh said it had everything to do with India’s rise as an economic power, and that what he was today was because of what the country had made him.

“President George Bush’s attraction for India is really a tribute to India and I find the same thing in President Obama,” the Prime Minister told journalists aboard his special aircraft while returning from the G-20 summit in Seoul.

“When the first time I met him, President Bush introduced me to his wife and said: ‘Laura, do you know of any other country of 1.2 billion people committed to democracy, committed to respect for fundamental human freedom, committed to the rule of law and yet doing well in terms of the development agenda’?”

Perhaps, he said, the same applied to Obama. “His speech to our Parliament, his idea of India that he talked about in his speeches, is a reflection of the uniqueness of India as a functioning democracy, committed to the rule of law, committed to respect for fundamental human freedoms and yet managing to grow at a respectable rate,” the Prime Minister said. “So, this is a tribute to India and not a tribute to me. What I am is because what India has made me.”

Thus, if today, both India and the US are ready to sing the same tune and say “yes we can”, it is because India has emerged and is ready to demand and get in return respect and equal treatment that one friend can demand and get from another.

President Obama’s visit was, therefore, historic. Today, the people of both the countries can expect these two great democracies to increasingly be on the same page, both economically and politically. ! "

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“On behalf of Michelle and myself, I want to say what an extraordinary honor it is to be here in India. I want to thank the people of Mumbai and all of you here today for your extraordinarily warm welcome. And I want to say to the people of India how much we are looking forward to spending the next three days in this remarkable country and to deepening the partnership between our two countries.

I know there’s been a great deal of commentary on our decision to begin our visit here in this dynamic city, at this historic hotel.

And to those who have asked whether this is intended to send a message, my answer is simply, absolutely. Mumbai is a symbol of the incredible energy and optimism that defines India in the 21st century.

And ever since those horrific days two years ago, the Taj has been the symbol of the strength and the resilience of the Indian people.

So, yes, we visit here to send a very clear message that in our determination to give our people a future of security and prosperity, the United States and India stand united.

A few moments ago, Michelle and I had the opportunity to visit the memorial here and to honor the memory of those who were lost. And we also had the privilege of meeting with some of their families, as well as some of the courageous

survivors. I thank them all for joining us here today, along with so many others who endured the anguish of those four days in November.

We'll never forget the awful images of 26/11, including the flames from this hotel that lit up the

night sky.

We’ll never forget how the world, including the American people watched and grieved with all of India.

But the resolve and the resilience of the Indian people during those attacks stood in stark contrast to the savagery of the terrorists.

The murderers came to kill innocent civilians that day.

But those of you here risked everything to save human lives.

You were strangers who helped strangers; hostages who worked together to break free and escape; hotel staff who stayed behind to escort guests to safety; including the hotel manager, even after he lost his own family; a nanny who braved the bullets to protect a young boy; and Indians in uniform who stopped the carnage

and whose colleagues made the ultimate sacrifice.

The perpetrators wanted to pit believers of different faiths against one another.

But they failed. Because here in Mumbai, the diversity that is India’s strength was on full display: Hindus, Sikhs, Christians, Jews and Muslims protecting each other, saving each other, living the common truth of all the world’s great religions, that we are all children of God. Those who attacked Mumbai wanted to demoralize this city and this country. But they failed. Because the very next day, Mumbaikars came back to work. Hotel staff reported for their shifts.

Workers returned to their businesses. And within weeks, this hotel was once again welcoming guests from around the world.

By striking the places where our countries and people come together, those who perpetrated these horrific attacks hoped to drive us apart. But just as Indian citizens lost their lives on 9/11, American citizens lost their lives here on 26/11 — along with the citizens of many nations. And just as our people prayed together at candlelight vigils, our governments have worked closer than ever, sharing intelligence, preventing more attacks, and demanding that the perpetrators be brought to justice.

Indeed, today, the United

States and India are working together more closely than ever to keep our people safe.

And I look forward to deepening our counterterrorism cooperation even further when I meet with Prime Minister Singh in New Delhi.

We go forward with confidence, knowing that history is on our side. Because those who target the innocent, they offer nothing but death and destruction.

What we seek to build — to welcome people of different faiths and backgrounds, and to offer our citizens a future of dignity and opportunity.

That is the spirit of the gateway behind us, which in its architecture reflects all the beauty and strength of different faiths and traditions, and which has welcomed people to this city for a century.

That is the hope that in towns and villages across India, across this vast nation, leads people to board crowded trains and set out to forge their futures in this city of dreams. And that is the shared determination of India and the United States — two partners that will never waver in our defense of our people or the democratic values that we share.

For just as your first Prime Minister said the day that the father of your nation was taken from you, we shall never allow that torch of freedom to be blown out, however high the wind or stormy the tempest. We believe that in America, and we know you believe it here in India.”

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ahatma Gandhi is a “hero not just to India but to the world”, US President Obama wrote in the visitor’s book after spending an engrossed half hour touring Mani Bhavan in Mumbai where the apostle of ahimsa (non-violence) used to stay.

In remarks in the visitor’s book, Obama wrote: “I am filled with hope and inspiration as I have the privilege to view this testament to Gandhi’s life. He is a hero, not just to India, but to the world.”

President Obama’s wife Michelle, who was with him, wrote below: “This visit will be one that I will always treasure. The life and teachings of Gandhi must be shared with our children around the world.” The president and his wife also read the remarks written by American civil rights leader Martin Luther King, who stayed at the two-storey building on Laburnum Road in May 1959.

President Obama and the

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The Bhavan has preserved Gandhi’s spinning wheel and other belongings. The building was owned by Gandhi’s friend and follower Revashankar Jagjeevan Jhaveri.

In 1955, it was taken over by the Gandhi Smarak Nidhi and later became a heritage building.

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isiting US President Barack Obama addressed an IndiaUS CEOs’ Forum at Trident Hotel, Nariman Point, Mumbai, which was one of the hotels that came under attack during the 26/11 terrorist attacks in the city.

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“Well, thank you very much, everybody, for joining us. I’m going to be very brief here today. This is partly because I’ve got a long speech that will immediately follow this.

But as I emphasized before I left the United States, one of the biggest priorities on this trip is to highlight the degree to which US economic success, US job creation, US economic growth is going to be tied to our working with, cooperating with, establishing commercial ties with the fastest-growing economies in the world.

And no country represents that promise of a strong, vibrant commercial relationship more acutely than India.

Obviously anybody who comes to Mumbai is struck by the incredible energy and drive and entrepreneurial spirit that exists here. This is a commercial town and this is an increasingly commercial nation. And it is so important for not just US companies but US workers to recognize these incredible opportunities and hopefully for Indian workers and Indian companies to recognize the opportunities for them as well.

So often when we talk about trade and commercial relationships, the question is who’s winning and who’s losing.

This is a classic situation in which we can all win. And I’m going to make it one of my primary tasks during the next three days to highlight all the various ways in which we’ve got an opportunity I think to put Americans back to work, see India grow its infrastructure, its networks, its capacity to continue to grow at a rapid pace. And we can do that together, but only if both sides recognize these opportunities.

So rather than speak about these possibilities in the abstract, I’ve been having

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a terrific conversation with some US CEOs who are already doing a lot of work here in India. I just had a chance to meet some young Indian entrepreneurs, as well as US and Indian companies that are joint-venturing to take US technology and apply it in new ways here in India, using new business and innovative business models.

But what I’m really excited about is the fact that we’re actually doing some business while we’re here. And so before I turn it over to some of the companies, I’d like Minister Sharma to just say a few words and thank him and the entire Indian government for the incredible hospitality that’s already been shown to me during the few hours since I’ve ar-

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rived, and Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m very much looking forward to the remaining days ahead.

After the address of President Obama, the Indian Minister of Commerce and Industry Anand Sharma spoke on the occasion.

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Thank you, Excellency, President Obama. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m very privileged to welcome you on behalf of the government and people of the Republic of India. Your visit has a special significance, because after many missed opportunities in our engagement as two nations, there has been a historic embrace.

We watched with admiration your election, your commitment, your references to the values espoused by the father of the Indian nation, Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, the civil rights movement, and to speak for human dignity and the values associated.

Our two countries share a lot. And in the 21st century, there are expectations that these two countries, which have a shared commitment to democracy, to human rights, pluralistic society, multicultural, multireligious, multiethnic, can

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define the course, as the global architecture, political and economic, changes.

We welcome what you have said as you embarked for India about doubling the trade, but also increase jobs. By enhanced economic engagement both will happen. India has reached a stage where I can say not with optimism but without any hesitation that this is a country of limitless opportunities for your industry, for your investors to engage in.

At the same time, both our countries are fortunate that we have human resources. US has institutions, US has strengths in innovation, in high-end technologies, and it can be greatly rewarding for both our countries.

My Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh, and the chairperson of the ruling coalition, Sonia Gandhi, has specifically asked me to convey the warm greetings and welcome to you. We hope your visit will be a path-breaking one, clearly defining the road map of the cooperation between the two big democracies of the world.

Thank you.

After these two speeches CEOs present in the meeting shared their views.

) #$, -- . , -$ ). ( . '&- *! ) 1 + , $"( $) .# /-$) -) *)*($ , ' .$*)-#$+ .1 ) ) $ ) .# )$. . . ddressing the US-India Business Council and Entrepreneurship Summit at Trident Nariman Point Hotel, Mumbai on November 6, President Obama made the announcement to remove restrictions on sensitive hi-tech exports, even as he declared deals worth $15 billion that would support some 54,000 American jobs and seek to answer critics back home.

Obama said all the right things that would please Indians even as he told his audience back home to shed old stereotypes about the country as growing ties with India would benefit both nations, which he said were set for a “defining and indispensable partnership of the 21st century”.

“We not only welcome India’s rise, but we ardently support it,” the President told the business summit at Oberoi’s Trident Hotel — one of the targets of the 26/11 attackers that struck Mumbai — on the first day of his four-day visit to India, the first halt in a four-nation Asian tour.

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“Good afternoon, everyone.

Namaste. Thank you all for an extraordinarily warm welcome. And before I get started, I just want to acknowledge some outstanding public servants, some wonderful dignitaries who are in the room. Anand Sharma, our Commerce and Industry Minister here in India. (Applause.) Khurshid Salman, the Minister of Corporate Affairs and Minority Affairs, who’s here. (Applause.)

Dr. Montek Singh Ahluwalia, State Planning Commission Deputy Chairman. (Applause.) Gary Locke, who is the Secretary of Commerce for the United States.

(Applause.) Terry McGraw, the chairman of the US-India Business Council. (Applause.)

Hari Bhartia, the president of

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the Confederation of Indian Industries. (Applause.) And Rajan Bharti Mittal, president of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry. (Applause) On behalf of my wife Michelle and myself, thank you to the people of Mumbai and the people of India for the incredible hospitality you have shown just in the few hours since I’ve arrived in this magnificent country.

We are especially honored to be here as you celebrate Diwali. (Applause) Some of you may know this. Last year, I was honored to become the first American President to help celebrate the Festival of Lights in the White House.

(Applause.) And I know that today, families are lighting their Diyas and giving thanks for their blessings and look-

ing ahead to the new year. So to all of you who are observing this sacred holiday here and around the world, Happy Diwali and a Saal Mubarak..

I want to thank all the organizations that have brought us together today, as well as the business leaders, the CEOs, the government officials who have joined us here.

I just had some incredibly productive discussions with American business leaders and Indian entrepreneurs, and today I want to speak with you about why we all benefit from the strengthening ties between our nations.

This is my first trip to India, but this will be my longest visit to another country since becoming President.. And that’s because I believe that the relationship between the United States and India will

be one of the defining and indispensable partnerships of the 21st century.

Our nations are the two largest democracies on Earth.

We are bound by a common language and common values; shared aspirations and a shared belief that opportunity should be limited only by how hard you’re willing to work, only by how hard you are willing to try. Trade and commerce between our people has been happening for centuries — even before we were independent nations. Indian immigrants crossed oceans to work on farms in the United States, and later generations came to practice medicine, and do cuttingedge research, and to start businesses. American researchers partnered with Indian scientists to launch the

Green Revolution that transformed life for generations of Indians. Americans have helped build India, and India has helped to build America.

Today, your country is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. And while there are many amazing success stories and rapidly expanding markets in Asia, the sheer size and pace of India’s progress in just two decades is one of the most stunning achievements in human history. This is a fact..

Since your reform of the licensing raj and embrace of the global economy, India has lifted tens of millions of people from poverty and created one of the largest middle classes on the planet.

You are now a nation of rapid growth and rising incomes and massive investments in infrastructure and energy and education. In the coming decades, you will be the world’s most populous nation, with the largest workforce and one of the largest economies in the world. Now, undoubtedly, that means that the U.S. and India will engage in a healthy competition for markets and jobs and industries of the future. But it also offers the prospect of expanded commercial ties that benefit both countries.

The United States sees Asia — and especially India — as a market of the future. We don’t simply welcome your rise — as a nation, and a people — we ardently support it.

We want to invest in it. And I’m here because I believe that in our interconnected world, increased commerce between the United States and India can be and will be

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a win-win proposition for both nations...

In 2010, trade between our countries is not just a oneway street of American jobs and companies moving to India. It is a dynamic, two-way relationship that is creating jobs, growth, and higher living standards in both our countries. And that is the truth.

As we look to India today, the United States sees an opportunity to sell our exports in one of the fastest-growing markets in the world. For America, this is a jobs strategy. As we recover from this recession, we are determined to rebuild our economy on a new, stronger foundation for growth. And part of that foundation involves doing what America has always been known for — discovering and creating and building the products that are sold all over the world. That’s why I’ve set a goal of doubling America’s exports over the next five years because for every $1 billion in exports, thousands of jobs are supported at home. And already, our exports to India have quadrupled in recent years, growing much faster than our exports to many other countries. The goods we sell in this country currently support tens of thousands of manufacturing jobs across the United States — from California and Washington to Pennsylvania and Florida. And that doesn’t even include all the American jobs supported by our other exports to India — from agriculture to travel to educational services.

As we speak, Americanmade machinery is helping India improve its infrastruc-

ture, including the new airport here in Mumbai where I landed this morning... A growing number of Americanmade aircraft are taking flight in your skies. And soon, there will be more.

That’s because today, just moments before I arrived here, several landmark deals were sealed between the U.S. and India. Boeing, one of America’s largest companies, is on track to sell India dozens of commercial and cargo aircraft. General Electric, another American company, will sell more than a hundred advanced jet engines. And I’m pleased that two U.S. firms are finalists for a major locomotive tender.

Now, these are just a few of the more than 20 deals being announced today, totaling nearly $10 billion.

From medical equipment and helicopters to turbines and mining equipment, American companies stand ready to support India’s growing economy, the needs of your people, and your ability to defend this nation. And today’s deals will lead to more than 50,000 jobs in the United States — 50,000 jobs...

Now, these are major deals that are significant for both our nations. But our trade relationship is not just about what America sells India. It’s also about Indian investment in America is doing. Indian investment in America is among the fastest growing of any country. In recent years, Indian companies have invested billions of dollars in the United States — in American machinery, manufacturing, mining, research, technology. Today, these in-

vestments support tens of thousands of American jobs.

Hundreds of American companies — including many small businesses — are investing in India; not just in telecommunications, but in industries from clean energy to agriculture. This means more choices for Indian consumers and more jobs for Indians and Americans.

Our relationship is also about more than the goods that we sell or the investments we make — it’s about the innovative partnerships we forge in the name of progress. Before I came here, I had a fascinating meeting. I met with business leaders from both our countries, including some young Indian entrepreneurs. And what’s fascinating is the way that they are now partnering to take technology that has had one application and use in the U.S. and found entirely new uses and new businesses models here, in India.

They’re working together to make cell towers across India that can run on solar, and not diesel. They’re putting American technology into Indian electric cars. They’re trying to develop better drugs for diseases like malaria...

These are examples of American companies doing well and Indian companies doing well. And these partnerships remind us that by pursuing trade and commerce, we are unleashing the most powerful force the world has ever known for eradicating poverty and creating opportunity — and that’s broad-based economic growth.

Now, despite all this progress, the economic rela-

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tionship between the United States and India is still one of enormous untapped potential. Of all the goods that India imports, less than 10 percent come from the United States. Of all the goods that America exports to the world, less than 2 percent go to India. Our entire trade with your country is still less than our trade with the Netherlands — this is a country with a smaller population than the city of Mumbai. As a result, India is only our 12th largest trade partner.

I have no doubt that we can do better than that — we can do much better. There’s no reason this nation can’t be one of our top trading part-

ners. And that’s why we want to work together with you to remove the barriers to increased trade and investment between our nations.

In the United States, we’re committed to doing our part.

With India and our other G20 partners, we’ve resisted the protectionism that would have plunged the global economy even deeper into recession. Today, our country remains one of the most open economies in the world.

And while I make no apologies about doing whatever it takes to encourage job creation and business investment in America, I still work to make sure our efforts don’t unfairly target companies and

workers from this nation or any nation.

And to further increase our exports to places like India, we’re marshalling the full resources of the United States government to help our companies sell their goods and services in other markets.

We’re increasing export financing for small and medium-sized businesses.

We’re being a better advocate for our businesses. We’re increasing our trade missions.

In fact, my Secretary of Commerce, Gary Locke, will be leading another trade mission to India in the next few months. And we’re reforming our export control system, so that even as we strengthen our national security, we make sure that unnecessary barriers don’t stand in the way of high-tech trade between our countries.

Today, I’m pleased to announce that we will work with India to fundamentally reform our controls on exports, which will allow greater cooperation in a range of high-tech sectors and strengthen our nonproliferation efforts.

So we’re taking the necessary steps to strengthen this relationship. India can also do its part. Over the past two decades, it has become much easier for companies to do business and invest here in India. It was striking talking to some of the American CEOs who are here who’ve come frequently over decades and seen the incredible progress that’s been made...

Today, India is making major investments in its infrastructure and creating greater transparency to support

growth and entrepreneurship. ready begun to do that... decades, it has been people Going forward, that commitI’m confident because we who have driven our progress. ment must be matched by a both recognize that knowlIt is individual men and steady reduction in barriers to edge is the currency of the fuwomen like you who put their trade and foreign investment ture, and that we must give shoulder to the wheel of his– from agriculture to infraour children the skills and edtory and push. An American structure, from retail to ucation that success requires scientist who discovers an telecommunications. Because in a global economy. agricultural breakthrough. in a global economy, new And I’m confident because An Indian engineer who growth and jobs flow to counour countries are blessed with builds the next-generation tries that lower barriers to the most effective form of electric car. A small business trade and investment. government the world has owner in Detroit who sells his These are steps we can ever known: democracy. product to a new company in take together to strengthen Even if it can be slow at New Delhi. And all the Mumthe economic ties between times. Even if it can be baikars who get up every day our nations – ties that hold messy... in this City of Dreams to incredible promise for our people – the promise of new jobs, new (/-. ($. $. 1*)6. '1 3) -3 industries and ,* /.

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We must admit it won’t alto their people, their people This is the spirit of optiways be an easy road, but as I are more likely to prosper; mism and determination that stand here today, I can tell and that, over the long run, has driven our people since you that I’m absolutely confidemocracy and economic before we were nations – the dent we will meet this chalgrowth, freedom in the politisame spirit that will drive our lenge because in our two cal sphere and freedom in future. And that’s why I’m nations, I see the fundamenthe economic sphere go hand thrilled to be in India and tal ingredients to success in in hand. We believe that. with you here today. And the 21st century.

What gives me the most that’s why I’m confident that I’m confident because we confidence about our future we can and will forge new both cherish the entrepreis our greatest resource – the economic partnerships and neurial spirit that empowers drive and ingenuity of our deliver the jobs and broadinnovation and risk-taking, people: workers and entreprebased growth that our peoand allows them to turn a neurs — students and innovaples so richly deserve. good idea into a new product tors; Indians and Americans, And I am absolutely certain or company that changes the including the nearly 3 million that the relationship between world. And we have examIndian Americans who bind the United States and India is ples of Indian entrepreneurs our nations together. going to be one of the definand American entrepreneurs For despite all the sweeping partnerships of the 21st sitting right here who’ve aling changes of the last few century.”

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he did a little jig to a Bollywood number, thumped the tambourine and even played hopscotch barefoot!

US First Lady Michelle Obama certainly conquered hearts with her spontaneity as she mingled with special children at a Mumbai event on November 6, 2010.

Dressed in an olive green top and a grey knee-length skirt, Michelle Obama, 46, had a casual, fun-filled interaction with the kids at the Mumbai University library in an event organised by an NGO.

Looking relaxed, she took off her shoes — even as scores of photographers clicked on furiously — and played hopscotch with the kids cheering her on. She even broke into a jig, as the hit song ‘Rang De Basanti’ from the Bollywood blockbuster by the same name came on.

“I love dancing,” said the First Lady, who has two daughters — Malia, 12, and Sasha, 9. And sure enough, she took dancing cues from the children in attempting some bhangra-like moves!

Bringing a touch of compassion, the First Lady

hugged the children and sat with them talking about the importance of education.

“Working hard, studying and having courage are the important things in life. We did not have a lot of money, but it was because of working hard — I could never imagine being first lady of the US — that when time came to do this, I was ready,” she told the children.

Chatting them up, sitting with them in a circle, it seemed like she had known them forever. She comfortably kept beat on a tambourine as some of the

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children thumped on little drums. The wide grin on her face was hard to miss as everyone worked up a little musical crescendo.

Enthralled by the First Lady’s warmth, 13-year-old Johny David, one of the children who got to be up close with the First Lady, said: “She was like a dream to me”.

The event was organised by the NGO Making a Difference (MAD). While the First Lady interacted with the children, President Obama was talking business with industry executives in another part of the city.

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t was a swinging start to the day for the Obamas on November 7, 2010, with both the President and his wife shaking a leg with children at the Holy Name School in Mumbai as a Marathi folk tune played in the background.

President Barack Obama and his wife Michelle, who landed in Mumbai on November 6, 2010, for a four-day India visit, were relaxed and smiling as they interacted with students, many of them from poor families, at the school.

The couple arrived separately at the venue, in a quiet by-lane in Colaba, a hub of foreigners and close to the Leopold Cafe, which was targeted during the Nov 26, 2008 Mumbai terror attacks.

The US first couple â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the president in shirtsleeves and the first lady in a black and white dress with a hot pink shrug â&#x20AC;&#x201D; moved around, shaking hands with the children and stopping to exchange some words.

They then settled down to watch dance performances

by the children, dressed in vibrant reds, greens and oranges, who first presented a semi-classical dance followed by the traditional Koli folk dance of Maharashtra's fisherfolk, the original inhabitants of Mumbai.

That over, Michelle Obama gamely agreed when the children asked her to join them, swinging her hips to the catchy tune and quickly catching on as the steps were taught to her.

The president was not to far behind either, and happily got up to join the fun, waving his arms and swinging along with the rest.

The children were delighted â&#x20AC;&#x201D; and so it seems were the Obamas who were seen smiling broadly.

Minister of State for Minority Affairs Salman Khurshid, who is also the minister-in-waiting for the Obamas, and Indian Ambassador to US Meera Shankar sat behind the couple.

Obama had greeted the students with a namaste, the traditional Indian greeting

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with palms joined, and lit a traditional lamp to flag off the function. Earlier, Michelle Obama had also seen an exhibition of paintings and rangolis put up by the students.

Later, President Obama is scheduled to address around 100 students selected from six different city colleges at the St. Xaviers College in Dhobi Talao, again a stone's throw away from Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, another target of 26/11.

He will also visit an agricultural exhibition there, attend a democracy expo and interact with farmers in a Rajasthan village through video conferencing.

Thereafter, they are expected to return to the Taj, drive down to Colaba and hop onto a chopper for the Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport for their onward visit to New Delhi.

South Mumbai remained a virtual fortress as US dignitaries went about their social engagements in the area, mostly within a two square kilometre radius.

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ielding questions from students on issues ranging from Pakistan to jehad, establishing an e-connect with farmers and breaking into an impromptu jig, US President Barack Obama got into the groove in more ways than one as he ended the first leg of his India visit here before heading for New Delhi on November 7, 2010.

The morning, devoted to meeting farmers and students, was expected to throw up color and some non-political content. But it also turned out to be a day for making important policy statements on global issues as Obama took on a host of sharp questions from eager students at the St Xavier’s College here.

Exhorted by First Lady Michelle Obama to ask “tough questions”, the students drawn from six Mumbai colleges did just that as they asked the President his views on jehad, Pakistan, Afghanistan and the road

ahead after the electoral rout. India has “the biggest stake” in a successful and stable Pakistan, Obama said from the packed forecourt of the college with its IndoGothic architecture as he answered a question on the prickly issue of Pakistan.

He asserted that it was in India’s interest to remove the “distraction” of insecurity in the region when it was moving ahead on the global economic stage.

“Obviously the history between India and Pakistan is incredibly complex and born out of much tragedy and violence. It may be surprising, but I am absolutely convinced that the country which has the biggest stake in Pakistan’s success is India,” Obama, who was criticised by some in India for not mentioning Pakistan’s terror link in his opening address at the Taj Hotel, said.

He also spoke of the need to “give space and time for Afghan security forces to develop” and reiterated that

the US would begin reducing troop levels starting July 2011. “But we will not be removing all our troops.”

On Islam and jehad, he said: “Well, the phrase jehad has a lot of meanings within Islam. It is subject to lot of different interpretations. But I will say that first Islam is one of the world’s great religions and over a billion people practice Islam.”

The president, who also reiterated how Mahatma Gandhi continues to inspire him in his day to day life, said he did not consider India a rising power but one that had already “risen”.

“The common thread that runs is my determination to take partnership (between the two countries) to an entirely new level. We believe that India has already risen.”

In remarks that may be seen as a subtle critique of India’s policy towards Myanmar, Obama also said: “There are elections that are being held right now in

:

Burma, that will be anything but free and fair.”

Wife Michelle Obama had earlier candidly spoken to the students about her growing up years and how her family didn’t “have a lot of money”.

“My parents worked hard...

My parents couldn’t give us material things,” she said eloquently. But “they taught us that our circumstances didn’t define us”, the wife of the US’ first African American president said.

Before addressing the students, the president interacted with farmers from Ajmer through a video-conference link to understand how India was seeking to bridge the digital divide by reaching technology and services to the grassroots level. Stating that he wanted to have a glimpse of the IT revolution in rural India, Obama said: “Many of these innovations are because of public and private collaborations between the United States and India.”

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S President Barack Obama on November 7, 2010, interacted with farmers from Ajmer through a video-conference link from Mumbai to understand how India was seeking to bridge the digital divide by reaching technology and services to the grassroots level.

Moderating the discussion at the Open Government and Technology Exposition organised at the St. Xavier's College campus in the city was the Chicago-based tech evangelist Sam Pitroda, while the young Minister of

State for Communications and IT Sachin Pilot was with the farmers in Kanpura village in Ajmer, Rajasthan.

Obama said he wanted to have a glimpse of the information technology revolution in rural India, how citizens were interacting virtually with local government bodies using internet and accessing information and services such as tele-medicine and e-education.

“Many of these innovations are because of public and private collaborations between the US and India,” the US President said, giving the example of the green revolu-

tion in India in the 1970s where scientists of the two sides worked together for better seeds and irrigation.

Large screens were installed both at the Mumbai college and at Kanpura, some 25 km from Ajmer — a town famous for the shrine of Sufi saint Hazrat Khwaja Muinuddin Chisty — for those two sides to “meet and interact” with each other virtually.

Obama was visibly pleased when the village local body secretary Shiv Shankar said how his complaint about a faulty handpump over internet was rectified almost im-

mediately — in a departure from the weeks that it would have otherwise taken in the past.

Similarly, healthcare worker Sunita Rathore explained how she could access digitised medical records of the villagers, especially children, to plan their vaccination schedules.

These apart, a student of management, Vipul Johar, told the US President how he was pursuing further studies via internet by downloading course material, sparing him the need to travel 25 km to Ajmer for the direct-contact classes.

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Incidentally, both the moderators in Mumbai and in Ajmer have been educated in the US. Presently an advisor to the Indian Prime Minister on public information, infrastructure and innovations, Pitroda has studied at the Illinois Institute of Technology, while Pilot is an alumnus of the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.

Kanpura was chosen not just because it falls in the constituency of Pilot, but also because a pilot project there has connected it with optic fibre network for online access to land records

and birth certificates.

3** 2#62 -$ 0#+ 0)1 + "# 7 2&# 0#1' "#,2 2 2&# .#, -4 #0,+#,2 ," #!&,-*%7 6.-1'2'-, “Well, here’s the good news.

In the United States we are trying to do some of the same things that you’re doing — trying to make government more transparent, trying to make government more accountable, trying to make government more efficient.

And one of the incredible benefits of the technology we’re seeing right here is that in many ways India may

be in a position to leapfrog some of the intermediate stages of government service delivery, avoiding some of the 20th century mechanisms for delivering services and going straight to the 21st.

But many of the issues that you’re talking about here are ones that we’re trying to apply in the United States, as well. For example, in many rural areas in the United States, it’s hard sometimes to get to a hospital. Even though the infrastructure may be better developed, there’s still significant distances. And to the

extent that we can use technology to provide people with basic health information, in some cases simple diagnoses, that can save people time, it can save the government money, and we can end up with better health outcomes. And obviously the same applies for all the services you mentioned.

So I want to congratulate all of you for doing the terrific work. And I look forward to watching this terrific experiment in democracy continue to expand all throughout India, and you’ll be a model for countries around the world.

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relaxed US first couple looked like any other visitor to the Humayun’s Tomb, except for the scores of plainclothes Indian and US security personnel swarming around, the glare of cameras and the absence of any other tourists. The Obamas described the 16th century monument complex as “spectacular”.

The presidential black limousine drove up to the west gate of the Humayun’s Tomb complex, a World Heritage site, at 4.55 p.m. - the second engagement of the US President Barack Obama and his wife Michelle after arriving in New Delhi in the afternoon, as part of their four-day official visit to India.

Accompanied by Archaeo-

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logical Survey of India’s superintending archaeologist K.K. Muhammad, the Obamas spent about half-an-hour walking through the monument, on which the more famous Taj Mahal is modelled. The first garden-tomb in India, the tomb was commissioned by Hamida Bano, the wife of the second Mughal emperor Humayun.

“Let’s take a look,” Obama was heard saying, as he walked up the stairs to the tomb. In between, the Obamas, in a personal touch, interacted with the children of labourers employed by ASI for the conservation projects and even gave them gifts.

The children, aged be-

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tween four to 13 years, gave an enthusiastic welcome in Hindi to the US first couple, who met them on the first floor terrace of the Mughal tomb. “Namaste,” said Obama to the children, some of whom were accompanied by their parents and the organisers of an ASI-run school in Tughlakabad.

Dressed in new uniforms of grey skirt or shorts and a red-checked shirt, they car-

ried a black slate on which they had written in English “Welcome to H.E (his excellency) US President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama”.

“They said we should work hard and study more,” said Vishal, the eldest of the 14 children present at Humayun’s Tomb. While Vishal recognized the importance of the visitor, the younger children seemed rather over-

awed by the special attention bestowed on them.

Ten-year-old Puja struggled to name the visitor, “Maba, no.. Obaji”, before her cousin, Shiv Ram, 6, came to her rescue with an emphatic, “Obama”.

When asked if they knew why the two persons were important, they shyly shook their heads in the negative.

Ram Das, an ASI labourer and father of Vishal, was

certainly impressed that the US president and his wife shook hands with all in their group. “He shook my hands and with everybody else. I really liked it,” he said.

All the children got gifts of a silver bookmark, embossed with the presidential seal and Obama’s signature. Immediately after Obama left Humayun’s Tomb, the children turned into media stars of the day as television channels

vied to record their feelings.

As he left the venue at around 5.20 p.m., Obama remarked to the contingent of Indian and foreign media at the complex that the Indian capital seemed to be a “modern city rooted in civilization”.

Commenting to reporters on the workmanship of the structure, Obama said: “It took seven years to build this (monument). If you try

to build something like this in seven years in the U.S., it will be tough. Good contractors,” before exiting with a comment of “spectacular”.

Writing in the visitor’s book, Barack and Michelle Obama said: “Through the rise and fall of empires, Indian civilization has endured and led the world to new heights of achievement. The world owes a profound debt to India and its people.”

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ith camelmounted bands on either side and another playing on the terrace, what was initially billed as an intimate “private dinner” for about 20 people by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and his wife Gursharan Kaur for US President Barack Obama and his wife Michelle turned into a grand affair that was described by about 60 Indian and about ten American guests as “outstanding” and “magnificent”.

The dinner, on the lush front lawns of the prime ministerial residence at 7 Race Course Road, was held under a semi-open marquee that, along with the music-filled atmosphere and lights, made it, in the words of a guest, a setting “straight out of the Arabian Nights”.

The bands were drawn from the Border Security Force and the Indian Navy.

They played soft non-intrusive music that complimented the perfect weather and the glittering ambience.

Among those present were Congress President Sonia Gandhi, her son and party general secretary Rahul Gandhi, Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah, senior leaders L.K. Advani and Arun Jaitley, Actors Shabana Azmi, her husband Javed Akhtar and Aamir Khan, besides Priya Dutt and Meenakshi Natarajan, both MPs. Also present were cabinet ministers Pranab Mukherjee, P. Chidambaram, A.K. Antony,

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Anand Sharma, Kapil Sibal and S.M. Krishna and Planning Commission Deputy Chairman Montek Singh Ahluwalia. So were bureaucrats National Security Adviser Shivshankar Menon, Manmohan Singh’s Principal Secretary T.K.A. Nair, Foreign Secretary Nirupama Rao and India’s ambassador to US Meera Shankar.

Others to get the invite were corporate bigwigs Azim Premji, Ratan Tata, Swati Piramal and N.R. Narayana Murthy, environmental scientist Sunita Narain and Jamia Millia Islamia vice chancellor Najeeb Jung.

From the American side were National Security Adviser Tom Donilon, Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner,

Commerce Secretary Gary Locke, US ambassador to India Timothy J. Roemer and Rajiv Shah, Administrator of USAID. Before the dinner, that was catered by ITC Maurya’s signature restaurants Bukhara and Dum Pukht and included both non-vegetarian and vegetarian fare representing the best of Indian cuisine, Prime Minister Singh and President Obama met separately, followed by a meeting between their families that included the prime minister’s daughters and a son-in-law.

Sam Pitroda, the Prime Minister’s Advisor on Technology, said the setting was “unbelievable” and “done with class and thought”.

Pitroda said the Americans,

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including the Obamas, loved every moment of it with some in their group overheard as saying “we could learn much from the Indians how to organise such things”.

Each table was named after leading Indian Americans or Americans who either had a love for India or had worked in India.

President Obama hosted the first state dinner of his presidency in honor of Manmohan Singh under a sprawling white tent on the lawns of the White House in November last year that brought together the Who’s Who of Washington and the Indian American community and made it the most talked about social event for months in the American capital.

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ndia and the US are the world’s largest democracies sharing “certain values” and their relationship will be a defining one in the 21st century, President Barack Obama said after receiving a ceremonial welcome at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi on November 8, 2010.

“As I have said earlier, I believe the partnership between the US and India is one of the defining relationships of the 21st century,” Obama told reporters in brief remarks at the presidential palace, ahead of opening talks with Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.

Dressed in his usual conservative black suit with a maroon tie, the president underlined the “extraordinary” people-to-people relations between the US and India.

He credited this largely to the role played by the vast Indian diaspora “who contribute so much to our country”.

Obama also thanked “all the people in India ... for the wonderful hospitality we have received... We want to express the warmest of regards from the people of the US to the people of India”.

Obama spoke minutes after he and his wife Michelle were warmly and formally greeted by President Pratibha Patil and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh at the forecourt of the imposing British-built Rashtrapati Bhavan.

Singh had met him when he landed in New Delhi on November 7, 2010, from Mumbai, where he began his India visit a day earlier. The President inspected a special guard of honor in the forecourt of the Rashtrapati Bhavan.

The Prime Minister and wife Gursharan Kaur, the President and husband Devisingh Patil as well as a host of cabinet ministers, including Defence Minister A.K. Antony, Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee and External Affairs Minister S.M. Krishna were at Rashtrapati Bhavan before ,!-% !). ( %)-+! .%)# #/ , *" $*)*, /,%)# .$! .$! *""% the US first couple pulled up in their % ' !,!(*)% ' 1!' *(! .* .$! ,!-% !). .

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After meeting the Indian ministers, Obama introduced Patil to the US delegation. President Obama later paid homage to Mahatma Gandhi at Rajghat and went into talks with Manmohan Singh.

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t was a solemn moment as President Obama and his wife Michelle laid a wreath of white carnations at Mahatma Gandhi’s memorial at Rajghat in New Delhi on November 8, 2010, saying “his light” still inspires the world. He also presented an “unparalleled” gift in the form of a Martin Luther King Jr. memorabilia. During the 20-minute visit, the President penned a note from the heart in the Visitor’s Book at the Rajghat Memorial while Michelle stood beside him.

“We will always remember the great soul who changed the world with his message of peace, tolerance and love. More than 60 years after his passing, his light continues to inspire the world,” President Obama wrote.

Rajnish Kumar, secretary of the Rajghat Samadhi Committee who received President Obama at the marigold adorned VIP entrance, said that he saw “deep respect” for Gandhi in the President’s eyes.

“Up until that moment I had only read in the newspapers that Obama was a big fan of Gandhi, but when I received him here I could actually see the deep respect for Bapu (Gandhi) in his eyes. Even his

wife looked absorbed in the sombre atmosphere of the Rajghat,” Kumar said.

According to Kumar, Obama asked several questions about the memorial.

“He asked me how many people visit Rajghat everyday. When I answered more than 10,000, he looked impressed. He also wanted to know if it is ever closed and when it will open to the public after his visit. I said that Rajghat is never closed and will be open to the public as soon as he leaves,” Kumar added.

President Obama and the First Lady laid a wreath of white carnations, tied with a blue-red-white ribbon, on the samadhi.

After signing the Visitors Book, the U.S. first couple was presented a bust of Gandhi, a khadi scroll containing the seven social sins Gandhi wrote about in Young India in 1925 and three books.

The books were Gandhi’s autobiography, My Experiments with Truth, The Mind of Mahatma Gandhi and Mahatma Gandhi in 100 years. As a special gesture, they were also gifted a model of a charkha or a spinning wheel which symbolizes the Gandhian concept of self-entrepreneurship and played a vital role during India’s independence. Obama also gifted something to Rajghat – a King memorabilia.

Resting in a gold-wrapped box, this was a piece of white stone from the Washington National Memorial of American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr., who was greatly inspired by Gandhi.

The stone was set on a black base, which was embossed with the presidential seal and Obama's signature. Calling it “unparalleled”, Kumar said that the gift had a profound meaning. “Gandhi stood for non-violence and so did King. So this gift has a deep meaning behind it. We will put the stone in a glass case and keep it in our Rajghat office,” he said.

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S President Barack Obama and Indian Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh addressed a joint press conference at Hyderabad House in Delhi on November 8 after concluding bilateral discussions. Excerpts from the remarks by President Obama and Prime Minister Singh in the Joint Press Conference in New Delhi.

The President and the First Lady have made an abiding impression on the people of India with their warmth, with their grace, and with their commitment to promoting the relationship between our two great democracies. President Obama yesterday characterized the India-U.S. partnership as one of the defining and indispensable

partnerships of the 21st century. In my discussion with the President, we have decided to accelerate the deepening of our ties and to work as equal partners in a strategic relationship that will positively and decisively influence world peace, stability and progress.

We welcome the decision by the United States to lift control from exports of hi-

technology items and technologies to India, and support Indiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s membership in multilateral export control regimes such as the Nuclear Suppliers Group. This is a manifestation of the growing trust and confidence in each other.

We have agreed on steps to expand our cooperation in space, civil nuclear defense and other high-end

We have decided to hold a higher education summit next year. Cooperation in the field of education holds great promise because no two other countries are better equipped to be partners in building the knowledge economy of the future.

The United States is one of our largest trading partners. Our trade is balanced and growing. India is among the fastest-growing sources of investment in the United States. Indian investments have helped to increase the competitiveness of the U.S. economy. We welcome increased U.S. investment and high-technology flows in key sectors of our economy, including the sector of nuclear energy.

We have agreed to facilitate trade and people-topeople exchanges, recognizing that protectionism is detrimental to both our economies.

I conveyed our gratitude to the President for the cooperation we have received in our counterterrorism

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These include a joint clean energy research and devel-

opment center, the establishment of a global disease detection center in India, and an agreement for cooperation in weather and crop forecasting.

measures post-Mumbai. We will start a new homeland security dialogue to deepen this cooperation.

We had a detailed exchange on the situation in

our extended region, including East Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan and West Asia. We have a shared vision of security, stability and prosperity in Asia based on an open and inclusive regional architecture. We have agreed to broaden our strategic dialogue to cover other regions and areas, and initiate joint projects in Africa and Afghanistan.

As states possessing nuclear weapons, we have today put forth a common vision of a world without nuclear weapons, and decided to lead global efforts for nonproliferation and universal and non-discriminating global nuclear disarmament.

This is a historic and bold bilateral initiative.

We also decided to strengthen cooperation to tackle nuclear terrorism and we welcome US participation in the Global Center of Nuclear Energy Partnership, which will be set up in India.

President Obama is a sincere and a valued friend of our country, and our discussions have led to a meeting of minds. Ours is a partnership based on common values and interests, a shared vision of the world, and the deep-rooted ties of friendship among our two peoples.

I look forward to working with the President to realize the enormous potential of this partnership of our two countries.

I now invite President Obama to make his remarks. And I thank you.

(Applause.)

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Thank you very much, Prime Minister Singh. And good afternoon, everyone. I want to begin by saying how thrilled my wife Michelle and I and our entire delegation are to be here in India. We have been received with incredible warmth and incredible hospitality. And that includes the hospitality of our friends, Prime Minister Singh and his lovely wife Mrs. Kaur, who we thank for

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such graciousness and a wonderful dinner last night.

As I’ve said throughout my visit, I have come to India because I believe that the relationship between the United States and India is indispensable to addressing the challenges of our time -from creating economic opportunity for our people to confronting terrorism and violent extremism; from preventing the spread of nuclear weapons to address-

ing climate change; from the development that gives people and nations a path out of poverty to advancing human rights and values that are universal. None of this will be possible without strong cooperation between the United States and India.

Moreover, as Prime Minister Singh alluded to, ours is no ordinary relationship. As the world’s two largest democracies, as large and growing free market economies, as diverse, multiethnic societies with strong traditions of pluralism and tolerance, we have not only an opportunity but also a responsibility to lead.

And that’s why I believe that the relationship between the United States and India will, in fact, be one of the defining partnerships of the 21st century. That’s why I’ve worked with the Prime Minister, a man of extraordinary intellect and great integrity, to deepen and broaden the cooperation between our two countries.

And I very much look forward to addressing the Indian Parliament and the people of India later today to discuss how the United States and India can take our partnership to the next level, with a vision of how we can work together as global partners.

With the progress we’ve made today, we’re seeing just how broad and deep our cooperation can be. As President, I’ve had the opportunity to appear with many of my foreign counterparts at press conferences such as this, but I cannot remember an occasion when we have agreed to so many

new partnerships across so many areas as we have during my visit.

We’ve expanded trade and investment to create prosperity for our people. The major trade deals that were signed in Mumbai were an important step forward in elevating India to one of America’s top trading partners. Today I’m pleased to welcome India’s preliminary agreement to purchase 10 C-17 cargo planes, which will enhance Indian capabilities and support 22,000 jobs back in the United States.

We agreed to reform our controls on exports, and the United States will remove Indian organizations from the so-called “entity list,” which will allow greater cooperation in a range of high-tech sectors like civil space and defense. And we agreed to keep working to reduce trade barriers and resist protectionism.

As a result of this visit, we are already beginning to implement our civil nuclear agreement. We agreed to deepen our cooperation in pursuit of clean energy technologies, and this includes the creation of a new clean energy research center here in India, and continuing our joint research into solar, biofuels, shale gas, and building efficiency. And we agreed to new partnerships including forestry and sustainable development of land to help meet the commitments we made at Copenhagen to combat climate change.

To ensure the safety of our citizens, we’re deepening our efforts to prevent terrorism. Cooperation between our countries’ intelligence

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and law enforcement communities has already reached unprecedented levels. And today, we’re taking another step — a new effort between our Department of Homeland Security and the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs to improve security at our ports, our airports, and our borders.

I also discussed with the Prime Minister our efforts in Afghanistan, and once again thanked him and the Indian people for the generous contributions that India has made towards development and improving the lives of the Afghan people. We agreed on the need for all nations in the region to work together and ensure that there are no safe havens for terrorists.

We’re expanding our efforts to prevent nuclear pro-

liferation. In keeping with its commitment at our Nuclear Security Summit, India will build a new center of excellence for nuclear energy and security to help reach our goal of securing vulnerable nuclear materials in four years.

Given India’s growing role in the region, we also agreed to deepen our consultations on East Asia. Given India’s growing role on the world stage, we’ll expand our dialogue on global issues. And we discussed the need for international institutions, including the United Nations, to reflect the realities of the 21st century — which I will discuss further in my address to Parliament.

Finally, we continue to expand partnerships between our peoples. To promote global health, we're moving

ahead with a new disease detection center here in New Delhi. Building on our successful efforts to expand educational exchanges, including our Singh-Obama 21st Century Knowledge Initiative, we’ll convene a summit to forge new collaborations in higher education. And we’re announcing two initiatives today that harness technology to deliver progress for our people.

Building on the Indian and American agricultural collaboration that led to the Green Revolution, we’re launching a new partnership for a Evergreen Revolution to improve food security around the world. We’re also launching a new partnership to promote open government and to empower citizens. And in my address to Parliament I’ll be dis-

cussing why these efforts can be models for the kind of cooperation that not only benefits America and India, but benefits other nations as well.

So, taken together, all of these partnerships, all these initiatives make it clear the relationship between the United States and India is stronger, deeper and broader than ever before.

So, Mr. Prime Minister, again I thank you for your partnership and for your friendship.

I am confident that as India’s influence in the world continues to rise, so, too, will the opportunities for even closer cooperation between our two countries. And that will mean even greater security and prosperity for India, for the United States, for this region, and for the world.

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Congress President Sonia Gandhi called on US President Barack Obama in New Delhi on November 8.

Congress sources said Gandhi, who was accompanied by Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee, raised issues of mutual interest and expressed India's desire to further strengthen ties with the US. Gandhi is chairperson of the ruling United Progressive Alliance (UPA) and heads the National Advisory Council (NAC).

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eader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha, the lower House of Parliament, and senior Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader Sushma Swaraj called on US President Barack Obama on November 8 in New Delhi. She said her meeting with US President Obama was “very fruitful” as he was “very receptive and responsive” to the issues raised by her, including terrorism, India's sensibilities about China, the Bhopal gas tragedy and outsourcing.

“Not only did he understand the issues but said (he will) try to address them as far as possible,” Swaraj told reporters here. She said she raised five issues with Obama, including occasional statements from senior US officials about Pakistan enjoying a special status and being a major non-NATO ally.

The BJP leader said she told Obama that such remarks caused unease in India as every word originating from Washington was followed closely here. Swaraj said she told Obama that there were “loud whispers” that India was being seen as a market and Pakistan as an ally.

“You are an outstanding communicator, such a good orator. Please wash away this impression,” Swaraj told Obama.

The BJP leader said she urged Obama to understand India's sensibilities vis-a-vis China and emphasised that India was a dependable and reliable friend. She said the US had cancelled joint exercises in Arunachal Pradesh and an India-US-Japan exercise apparently because Beijing would be unhappy.

She said Obama told her that the points she raised “had been registered in my

mind” and his government “will keep these in consideration” and “will be careful”.

On the Bhopal gas tragedy, she conveyed to Obama that it was the world’s worst industrial disaster and “the compensation that people got was peanuts”. She said the guilty should be brought to book and the US government should help the Indian government in the Bhopal case, which needs to be reopened. The environmental issues linked to the tragedy should also be addressed, she asserted. Obama told her he would speak about the Bhopal gas tragedy issue at an appropriate forum and asked Swaraj to convey his sympathies to the affected people.

Swaraj said Obama had invited her to visit the US. “Generally, such meetings are one-sided. But, he was very responsive,” she said.

Addressing a Joint Session of India’s Parliament on November 9, President Obama said that “the relationship between the United States and India — bound by our shared interests and our shared values — will be one of the defining partnerships of the 21st century. This is the partnership I’ve come here to build.

This is the vision that our nations can realize together.”

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“Mr. Vice President, Madam Speaker, Mr. Prime Minister, members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, and most of all, the people of India. I thank you for the great honor of addressing the representatives of more than one billion Indians and the world’s largest democracy.

(Applause.) I bring the greetings and friendship of the world’s oldest democracy —- the United States of America, including nearly three million proud and patriotic Indian-Americans.

(Applause.)

Over the past three days, my wife Michelle and I have experienced the -- and dynamism of India and its people -- from the majesty of Humayun’s Tomb to the advanced technologies that are empowering farmers and women who are the backbone of Indian society; from the Diwali celebrations with schoolchildren to the innovators who are fueling India’s

alize together.

My confidence in our shared future is grounded in my respect for India’s treasured past -— a civilization that’s been shap0$1(#$-2 ! , # ing the world for #0$11(-& 2'$ ).(-2 1$11(.thousands of 0+( ,$-2 (- 2'$ .% $-20 + ++ .% 0+( years. Indians ,$-2 .31$ (- $5 $+'( .- .4$,!$0 unlocked the in("$ 0$1(#$-2 .'# ,(# -1 0( .* tricacies of the !' /$ *$0 $(0 human body and 3, 0 -# 2'$ 0(,$ (-(12$0 0 -,.' the vastness of (-&' 0$ +1. 1$$our universe. It’s no exaggeration to say that our Information Age is rooted in Indian innovations —- including the number zero. (Applause.)

Of course, India not only opened our minds, she expanded our moral imaginamy longest visit to another tions -- with religious texts country since becoming that still summon the faithPresident. (Applause.) For ful to lives of dignity and disin Asia and around the cipline, with poets who world, India is not simply imagined a future “where emerging; India has the mind is without fear and emerged. (Applause.) the head is held high” -- (apAnd it is my firm belief plause) -- and with a man that the relationship bewhose message of love and

economic rise; from the university students who will chart India’s future, to you —leaders who helped to bring India to this moment of extraordinary promise.

At every stop, we have been welcomed with the hospitality for which Indians have always been known.

So, to you and the peo, /0.3# 2. 4(1(2 -#( 1. $ 0+7 (- ,7 ple of India, /0$1(#$-"7 2;1 -. ".(-"(#$-"$ 2' 2 -#( (1 on behalf of ,7 %(012 12./ .4(1(2 2. 1( .0 2' 2 2'(1 me, Michelle ' 1 !$$,7 +.-&$12 4(1(2 2. -.2'$0 and the ".3-207 1(-"$ !$".,(-& 0$1(#$-2 .0 (American 1( -# 0.3-# 2'$ 5.0+# -#( (1 -.2 people, please 1(,/+7 $,$0&(-& -#( ' 1 $,$0&$# accept my deepest thanks. (Applause.) Bahoot dhanyavad. (Applause.) tween the United States and justice endures -— the father Now, I am not the first India -— bound by our of your nation, Mahatma shared interests and our American President to visit Gandhi. (Applause.) shared values -— will be one India. Nor will I be the last.

For me and Michelle, this of the defining partnerships But I am proud to visit India visit has, therefore, held speof the 21st century. This is so early in my presidency. cial meaning. See, throughthe partnership I’ve come It’s no coincidence that India out my life, including my here to build. This is the viis my first stop on a visit to work as a young man on besion that our nations can reAsia, or that this has been half of the urban poor, I’ve

always found inspiration in the life of Gandhiji and his simple and profound lesson to be the change we seek in the world. (Applause.) And just as he summoned Indians to seek their destiny, he influenced champions of equality in my own country, including a young preacher named Martin Luther King.

After making his pilgrimage to India a half-century ago, Dr. King called Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violent resistance “the only logical and moral approach” in the struggle for justice and progress. (Applause.)

So we were honored to visit the residence where Gandhi and King both stayed —- Mani Bhavan. And we were humbled to pay our respects at Raj Ghat. And I am mindful that I might not be standing before you today, as President of the United States, had it not been for Gandhi and the message he shared and in-

spired with America and the world. (Applause.)

An ancient civilization of science and innovation; a fundamental faith in human progress -- this is the sturdy foundation upon which you have built ever since that stroke of midnight when the tricolor was raised over a free and independent India.

(Applause.) And despite the skeptics who said this country was simply too poor, or too vast, or too diverse to succeed, you surmounted overwhelming odds and became a model to the world.

Instead of slipping into starvation, you launched a Green Revolution that fed millions. Instead of becoming dependent on commodities and exports, you invested in science and technology and in your greatest resource —- the Indian people. And the world sees the results, from the supercomputers you build to the Indian flag that you put on the

moon.

Instead of resisting the global economy, you became one of its engines —- reforming the licensing raj and unleashing an economic marvel that has lifted tens of millions of people from poverty and created one of the world’s largest middle classes.

Instead of succumbing to division, you have shown that the strength of India —the very idea of India —- is its embrace of all colors, all castes, all creeds. (Applause.) It’s the diversity represented in this chamber today. It’s the richness of faiths celebrated by a visitor to my hometown of Chicago more than a century ago -— the renowned Swami Vivekananda. He said that, “holiness, purity and charity are not the exclusive possessions of any church in the world, and that every system has produced men and women of the most exalted

character.”

And instead of being lured by the false notion that progress must come at the expense of freedom, you built the institutions upon which true democracy depends —- free and fair elections, which enable citizens to choose their own leaders without recourse to arms -(applause) -- an independent judiciary and the rule of law, which allows people to address their grievances; and a thriving free press and vibrant civil society which allows every voice to be heard.

This year, as India marks 60 years with a strong and democratic constitution, the lesson is clear: India has succeeded, not in spite of democracy; India has succeeded because of democracy. (Applause.)

Now, just as India has changed, so, too, has the relationship between our two nations. In the decades after independence, India advanced its interests as a proud leader of the nonaligned movement. Yet, too often, the United States and India found ourselves on opposite sides of a North`South divide, estranged by a long Cold War. Those days are over.

Here in India, two successive governments led by different parties have recognized that deeper partnership with America is both natural and necessary. And in the United States, both of my predecessors —- one a Democrat, one a Republican -— worked to bring us closer, leading to increased trade and a landmark civil nuclear agreement. (Applause.)

So since that time, people

in both our countries have asked: What’s next? How can we build on this progress and realize the full potential of our partnership?

That’s what I want to address today —- the future that the United States seeks in an interconnected world, and why I believe that India is indispensable to this vision; how we can forge a truly global partnership -— not just in one or two areas, but across many; not just for our mutual benefit, but for the benefit of the world.

Of course, only Indians can determine India’s national interests and how to advance them on the world

global cooperation.

Now, to advance these interests, I have committed the United States to comprehensive engagement with the world, based on mutual interest and mutual respect.

And a central pillar of this engagement is forging deeper cooperation with 21st century centers of influence — and that must necessarily include India.

Now, India is not the only emerging 0$1(#$-2 ! , power in the 1(&-(-& 2'$ .+#$- (1(2.01; ..* (- 2'$ $-20 + ++ .% world. But 0+( ,$-2 .31$ (- $5 $+'( .- .4$,!$0 .* relationships !' /$ *$0 $(0 3, 0 between our (1 +1. 1$$countries is unique. For we are two strong democracies whose constitutions begin with the same revolutionary words — “We the people.” We are two great republics dedicated to the liberty and justice and equality of all people. And we are two free market economies where people have the freedom to pursue ideas and innovation that can change the world. stage. But I stand before And that’s why I believe that you today because I am conIndia and America are indisvinced that the interests of pensable partners in meetthe United States — and the ing the challenges of our interests we share with India time. (Applause.)

— are best advanced in partSince taking office, I’ve, nership. I believe that. (Aptherefore, made our relationplause.) ship a priority. I was proud The United States seeks to welcome Prime Minister security — the security of our Singh for the first official country, our allies and partstate visit of my presidency. ners. We seek prosperity — a (Applause.) For the first strong and growing economy time ever, our governments in an open international are working together across economic system. We seek the whole range of common respect for universal values. challenges that we face.

And we seek a just and susNow, let me say it as clearly tainable international order as I can: The United States that promotes peace and senot only welcomes India as curity by meeting global a rising global power, we ferchallenges through stronger vently support it, and we

have worked to help make it a reality.

Together with our partners, we have made the G20 the premier forum for international economic cooperation, bringing more voices to the table of global economic decision-making, and that has included India. We’ve increased the role of emerging economies like India at international financial institutions. We valued India’s important role at Copenhagen, where, for the first time, all major economies committed to take action to confront climate change —and to stand by those actions. We salute India’s long history as a leading contributor to United Nations peacekeeping missions. And we welcome India as it prepares to take its seat on the United Nations Security Council. (Applause.)

In short, with India assuming its rightful place in the world, we have a historic opportunity to make the relationship between our two countries a defining partnership of the century ahead.

And I believe we can do so by working together in three important areas.

First, as global partners we can promote prosperity in both our countries. Together, we can create the high-tech, high-wage jobs of the future. With my visit, we are now ready to begin implementing our civil nuclear agreement. This will help meet India’s growing energy needs and create thousands of jobs in both of our countries. (Applause.)

We need to forge partnerships in high-tech sectors like defense and civil space.

So we’ve removed Indian organizations from our socalled “entity list.” And we’ll work to remove -- and reform our controls on exports. Both of these steps will ensure that Indian companies seeking high-tech trade and technologies from America are treated the same as our very closest allies and partners.

We can pursue joint research and development to create green jobs; give India more access to cleaner, affordable energy; meet the commitments we made at

compromises that are necessary so global trade works for all economies.

Together, we can strengthen agriculture. Cooperation between Indian and American researchers and scientists sparked the Green Revolution. Today, India is a leader in using technology to empower farmers, like those I met yesterday who get free updates on market and weather conditions on their cell phones.

And the United States is a leader in agricultural productivity and research. Now,

to share India’s expertise with farmers in Africa. And this is an indication of India’s rise — that we can now export hard-earned expertise to countries that see India as a model for agricultural development. It’s another powerful example of how American and Indian partnership can address an urgent global challenge.

Because the wealth of a nation also depends on the health of its people, we’ll continue to support India’s effort against diseases like tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS, and as global partners, we’ll work to improve global $ -$$# 2. %.0&$ / 02-$01'(/1 (- '( 2$"' health by pre1$"2.01 . 5$;4$ 0$,.4$# -#( - .0& -(8 venting the 2(.-1 %0., .30 1. " ++$# 9$-2(27 +(12 : -# spread of 5$;++ 5.0* 2. 0$,.4$ .30 ".-20.+1 .- $6 pandemic flu. /.021 .2' .% 2'$1$ 12$/1 5(++ $-130$ 2' 2 And because -#( - ".,/ -($1 1$$*(-& '( 2$"' 20 #$ knowledge is -# 2$"'-.+.&($1 %0., ,$0(" 0$ 20$ 2$# the currency 2'$ 1 ,$ 1 .30 4$07 "+.1$12 ++($1 of the 21st century, we will increase Copenhagen; and show the as farmers and rural areas exchanges between our stupossibilities of low-carbon face the effects of climate dents, our colleges and our growth. change and drought, we’ll universities, which are And together, we can rework together to spark a among the best in the world. sist the protectionism that second, more sustainable As we work to advance stifles growth and innovaEvergreen Revolution. our shared prosperity, we tion. The United States reTogether, we’re improving can partner to address a mains — and will continue to Indian weather forecasting second priority —- and that is remain — one of the most systems before the next our shared security. In Mumopen economies in the monsoon season. We aim to bai, I met with the couraworld. And by opening marhelp millions of Indian farmgeous families and survivors kets and reducing barriers to ers — farming households of that barbaric attack. And foreign investment, India can save water and increase prohere in Parliament, which realize its full economic poductivity, improve food prowas itself targeted because tential as well. As G20 partcessing so crops don’t spoil of the democracy it repreners, we can make sure the on the way to market, and sents, we honor the memory global economic recovery is enhance climate and crop of all those who have been strong and is durable. And forecasting to avoid losses taken from us, including we can keep striving for a that cripple communities American citizens on 26/11 Doha Round that is ambiand drive up food prices. and Indian citizens on 9/11. tious and is balanced —- with And as part of our food This is the bond that we the courage to make the security initiative, we’re going share. It’s why we insist that

nothing ever justifies the slaughter of innocent men, women and children. It’s why we’re working together, more closely than ever, to prevent terrorist attacks and to deepen our cooperation even further. And it’s why, as strong and resilient societies, we refuse to live in fear. We will not sacrifice the values and rule of law that defines us, and we will never waver in the defense of our people.

America’s fight against al Qaeda and its terrorist affiliates is why we persevere in Afghanistan, where major development assistance from India has improved the lives of the Afghan people. We’re making progress in our mission to break the Taliban’s momentum and to train Afghan forces so they can take the lead for their security. And while I have made it clear that American forces will begin the transition to Afghan responsibility next summer, I’ve also made it clear that America’s commitment to the Afghan people will endure. The United States will not abandon the people of Afghanistan -— or the region -— to violent extremists who threaten us all.

Our strategy to disrupt and dismantle and defeat al Qaeda and its affiliates has to succeed on both sides of the border. And that’s why we have worked with the Pakistani government to address the threat of terrorist networks in the border region. The Pakistani government increasingly recognizes that these networks are not just a threat outside of Pakistan —- they are a threat to the Pakistani people as well.

They’ve suffered greatly at

the hands of violent extremists over the last several years.

And we’ll continue to insist to Pakistan’s leaders that terrorist safe havens within their borders are unacceptable, and that terrorists behind the Mumbai attacks must be brought to justice.

We must also recognize that all of us have an interest in both an Afghanistan and a Pakistan that is stable and prosperous and democratic —- and India has an interest in that as well.

In pursuit of regional security, we will continue to welcome dialogue between India and Pakistan, even as we recognize that disputes between your two countries can only be resolved by the people of your two countries.

More broadly, India and the United States can partner in Asia. Today, the United States is once again playing a leadership role in Asia —- strengthening old alliances; deepening relationships, as we are doing with China; and we’re reengaging with regional organizations like ASEAN and joining the East Asia summit —- organizations in which India is also a partner. Like your neighbors in Southeast Asia, we want India not only to “look East,” we want India to “engage East” —- because it will increase the security and prosperity of all our nations.

As two global leaders, the United States and India can partner for global security —especially as India serves on the Security Council over the next two years. Indeed, the just and sustainable international order that America seeks includes a United Nations that is efficient, ef-

fective, credible and legitistrengthened the cornerservices to which they’re enmate. That is why I can say stone of the global non-protitled -- (applause) -- and to today, in the years ahead, I liferation regime, which is hold officials accountable. look forward to a reformed the Nuclear Non-ProliferaVoters can get information United Nations Security tion Treaty. about candidates by text Council that includes India Together, the United message. And you’re deliveras a permanent member.

States and India can pursue ing education and health Now, let me suggest that our goal of securing the care services to rural comwith increased power comes world’s vulnerable nuclear munities, as I saw yesterday increased responsibility. The materials. We can make it when I joined an e-panUnited Nations exists to fulclear that even as every nachayat with villagers in Rafill its founding ideals of pretion has the right to peacejasthan. serving peace and security, ful nuclear energy, every Now, in a new collaborapromoting global cooperanation must also meet its intion on open government, tion, and advancing human ternational obligations —our two countries are going rights. These are the responand that includes the Islamic to share our experience, sibilities of all nations, but Republic of Iran. And toidentify what works, and deespecially those that seek to gether, we can pursue a vision velop the next generation of lead in the 21st century.

And so we look forward '$0$ (1 1. ,3"' 2' 2 ".3-20($1 20 -1(2(.to working (-& 2. #$,."0 "7 ".3+# +$ 0- %0., -#( ;1 with India —$6/$0($-"$ 1. ,3"' $6/$02(1$ 2' 2 -#( and other na" 1' 0$ 5(2' 2'$ 5.0+# -# 2' 2 2.. (1 tions that as5' 2 (1 /.11(!+$ 5'$- 2'$ 5.0+#;1 + 0&$12 pire to #$,."0 "7 $,!0 "$1 (21 0.+$ 1 &+.! + Security +$ #$0 Council membership — to ensure that the Security Council is effective; that Indian leaders have estools to empower citizens. that resolutions are implepoused since independence —And in another example of mented, that sanctions are a world without nuclear how American and Indian enforced; that we strengthen weapons. partnership can address the international norms And this leads me to the global challenges, we’re which recognize the rights final area where our coungoing to share these innovaand responsibilities of all natries can partner —- strengthtions with civil society tions and all individuals. ening the foundations of groups and countries This includes our respondemocratic governance, not around the world. We’re sibility to prevent the spread only at home but abroad. going to show that democof nuclear weapons. Since I In the United States, my racy, more than any other took office, the United administration has worked form of government, delivers States has reduced the role to make government more for the common man —- and of nuclear weapons in our open and transparent and woman. national security strategy, accountable to people. Here Likewise, when Indians and we’ve agreed with Rusin India, you’re harnessing vote, the whole world sia to reduce our own arsetechnologies to do the same, watches. Thousands of politnals. We have put as I saw yesterday at an ical parties; hundreds of preventing nuclear proliferaexpo in Mumbai. Your landthousands of polling centers; tion and nuclear terrorism at mark Right to Information millions of candidates and the top of our nuclear Act is empowering citizens poll workers -- and 700 milagenda, and we have with the ability to get the lion voters. There’s nothing

like it on the planet. There is so much that countries transitioning to democracy could learn from India’s experience, so much expertise that India can share with the world. And that, too, is what is possible when the world’s largest democracy embraces its role as a global leader.

As the world’s two largest democracies, we must never forget that the price of our own freedom is standing up for the freedom of others.

(Applause.) Indians know this, for it is the story of your nation. Before he ever began his struggle for Indian independence, Gandhi stood up for the rights of Indians in South Africa. Just as others, including the United States, supported Indian independence, India championed the self-determination of peoples from Africa to Asia as they, too, broke free from colonialism. (Applause.) And along with the United States, you’ve been a leader in supporting democratic development and civil society groups around the world. And this, too, is part of India’s greatness.

Now, we all understand every country will follow its own path. No one nation has a monopoly on wisdom, and no nation should ever try to impose its values on another. But when peaceful democratic movements are suppressed —- as they have been in Burma, for example -- then the democracies of the world cannot remain silent. For it is unacceptable to gun down peaceful protestors and incarcerate political prisoners decade after decade. It is unacceptable to hold the aspirations of an

entire people hostage to the greed and paranoia of bankrupt regimes. It is unacceptable to steal elections, as the regime in Burma has done again for all the world to see.

Faced with such gross violations of human rights, it is the responsibility of the international community —- especially leaders like the United States and India —- to condemn it.

And if I can be frank, in international fora, India has often shied away from some of these issues.

But speaking up for those who cannot do so for themselves is not interfering in the affairs of other countries.

It’s not violating the rights of sovereign nations.

It is staying true to our democratic principles. It is giving meaning to the human rights that we say are universal. And it sustains the progress that in Asia and around the world has helped turn dictatorships into democracies and ultimately increased our security in the world.

So promoting shared prosperity, preserving peace and security, strengthening democratic governance and human rights -- these are the responsibilities of leadership. And as global partners, this is the leadership that the United States and India can offer in the 21st century.

Ultimately though, this cannot be a relationship only between presidents and prime ministers, or in the halls of this Parliament.

Ultimately, this must be a partnership between our peoples.

So I want to conclude by speaking directly to the peo-

ple of India who are watching today.

In your lives, you have overcome odds that might have overwhelmed a lesser country. In just decades, you have achieved progress and development that took other nations centuries.

You are now assuming your rightful place as a leader among nations. Your parents and grandparents imagined this. Your children and grandchildren will look back on this. But only this generation of Indians can seize the possibilities of the moment.

As you carry on with the hard work ahead, I want every Indian citizen to know: The United States of America will not simply be cheering you on from the sidelines. We will be right there with you, shoulder to shoulder. Because we believe in the promise of India.

We believe that the future is what we make it. We believe that no matter who you are or where you come from, every person can fulfill their God-given potential, just as a Dalit like Dr. Ambedkar could lift himself up and pen the words of the Constitution that protects the rights of all Indians.

We believe that no matter where you live —- whether a village in Punjab or the bylanes of Chandni Chowk -(laughter) -- an old section of Kolkata or a new highrise in Bangalore -- every person deserves the same chance to live in security and dignity, to get an education, to find work, to give their children a better future.

And we believe that when countries and cultures put

aside old habits and attitudes that keep people apart, when we recognize our common humanity, then we can begin to fulfill these aspirations that we share.

It’s a simple lesson contained in that collection of stories which has guided Indians for centuries —- the Panchtantra. And it’s the spirit of the inscription seen by all who enter this great hall: “That one is mine and the other a stranger is the concept of little minds. But to the large-hearted, the world itself is their family.”

This is the story of India; this is the story of America — - that despite their differences, people can see themselves in one another, and work together and succeed together as one proud nation.

And it can be the spirit of partnership between our nations —- that even as we honor the histories which in different times kept us apart, even as we preserve what makes us unique in a globalized world, we can recognize how much we can achieve together.

And if we let this simple concept be our guide, if we pursue the vision I’ve described today —- a global partnership to meet global challenges —- then I have no doubt that future generations —- Indians and Americans —will live in a world that is more prosperous and more secure and more just because of the bonds that our generation has forged today.

So, thank you, and Jai Hind. And long live the partnership between India and the United States.

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S First lady Michelle Obama shopped for a slice of India in New Delhi on November 8, 2010, almost running out of money as she splurged on bedspreads, paintings and curios as the perfect Christmas gifts! But there was also a moment in the capital's sun-draped crafts museum when she stood entranced by the strains of ‘baul’ folk music. The First Lady went on a shopping spree after arriving at the National Handicrafts and Handloom Museum at 10.45 A.M. She lingered for nearly two hours, shooting well past her onehour scheduled program.

Museum chairperson Ruchira Ghosh walked the First Lady through the galleries. “She was so impressed with the Indian handicrafts on display that she did not want to leave. She went on a shopping binge, buying almost everything she came across,” said Ghosh.

She purchased four kantha bedspreads from a Bengal counter, greeting cards handpainted with Madhubani motifs from Bihar, colourful wooden key chains, Ganesha icons from Karnataka, and a crochet dining table cover from Andhra Pradesh. The First Lady said she would have bought more had she been left with more money, those at the museum said.

About 20 women artisans from across the country exhibited their work on the occasion. “The First Lady said

she had no idea that women cessories — colourful Kutchi could make so many different embroidered textile craft, patkind of craft products,” achitra from Bengal, wood Ghosh said. craft from Karnataka and texThe First Lady exhausted tile craft from the northeast. her shopping budget at the The First Lady purchased crafts museum and said the 15 mobile covers, 15 rag GuIndian craft items were ideal jarati dolls and five yogi gifts for Christmas, barely thailas or embroidered bags. one-and-a-half months away.

The next stop on her list was “This is a historic occasion a vend from Orissa from for the museum. She was imwhere she bought hand fans pressed by what she saw. Earand elephants made of rice lier Hillary Clinton and her stalks. “She bought a rag daughter had also visited the doll that my four-year-old museum,” museum chairperdaughter was making,” son Ruchira Ghosh said.

Sumar Bhura, an artisan A gentle breeze ruffled the from Kutch, said. giant trees inside the comThe museum, which is plex as a five-member usually closed Monday, was troupe of ‘baul’ minstrels kept open specially for the from West Bengal set the First Lady. The First Lady tone of her visit with songs also took time out to talk to of Lalan Fakir.

14 poor girls from Punjab, “Shob loke koy Lalon ki Rajasthan and New Delhi. jaat shangshare...,” sang She answered queries about Swarasati Banerjee and her her “dreams, her life, her troupe clad in saffron robes daughters and enquired to the sounds of the ektara about the children — and and dhol as the First Lady their livelihoods” over snacks listened to them for a few and soft drinks. minutes, entranced by the The girls were brought to folk melody. the crafts museum by the She was clad in the same Nanhi Chaan Foundation, black and green dress she an organisation working for had worn at Mahatma Gandhi’s memorial Rajghat and from where she drove down in an eight-vehicle convoy to the !)*+ 0 crafts museum "* &,+ % ! ) +* + + +!&% # % ! ) +* while her hus% % #&&$* ,* ,$ band and US !% . # ! &% &- $ ) President Barack Obama left for Hyderabad House for talks with Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.

What she bought was an enchanting mix of art and ac-

the welfare of the girl child.

“We wanted to highlight the plight of these children.

We are not looking at any kind of help from the first couple — but just a little visibility for the girls and exposure to the world they live in,” Sanjay Joshi of Nanhi Chaan said. The First Lady struck an instant chord with the children offering them “biscuits and drinks” and fielding their innocent queries “with patience and a smile”.

“She was wonderful with the children,” Ghosh said.

At the end, a delighted First Lady wished she “had more time to spend at the museum”.

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he Joint Statement reaffirms their nations’ shared values and increasing convergence of interests, Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh and President Barack Obama resolved today in New Delhi to expand and strengthen the India-U.S. global strategic partnership.

The two leaders welcomed the deepening relationship between the world’s two largest democracies. They commended the growing cooperation between their governments, citizens, businesses, universities and scientific institutions, which have thrived on a shared culture of pluralism, education, enterprise, and innovation, and have benefited the people of both countries.

Building on the transformation in India-U.S. relations over the past decade, the two leaders resolved to intensify cooperation between their nations to promote a secure and stable world; advance technology and innovation; expand mutual prosperity and global economic growth; support sustainable development; and exercise global leadership in support of economic development, open government and democratic values.

The two leaders reaffirmed that India-U.S. strategic partnership is indispensable not only for their two countries but also for global stability and prosperity in the 21st century. To that end, President Obama welcomed India’s emergence as a major regional and global power and affirmed his country’s interest in India’s rise, its economic prosperity, and its security.

01 Prime Minister Singh and President Obama called for an efficient, effective, credible and legitimate United Nations to ensure a just and sustainable international order. Prime Minister Singh welcomed President Obama’s affirmation that, in the years ahead, the United States looks forward to a reformed UN Security Council that includes India as a per-

Both leaders underscored that all states have an obligation to comply with and implement UN Security Council Resolutions, including UN sanctions regimes.

They also agreed to hold regular consultations on UN matters, including on the long-term sustainability of UN peacekeeping operations. As the two largest democracies, both countries also reaffirmed their strong commitment to the UN Democracy Fund.

sues of mutual interest, including Central and West Asia.

The two sides committed to intensify consultation, cooperation and coordination to promote a stable, democratic, prosperous, and independent Afghanistan.

President Obama appreciated India’s enormous contribution to Afghanistan’s development and welcomed enhanced Indian assistance that will help Afghanistan achieve self-sufficiency. In

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manent member. The two leaders reaffirmed that all nations, especially those that seek to lead in the 21st century, bear responsibility to ensure that the United Nations fulfills its founding ideals of preserving peace and security, promoting global cooperation, and advancing human rights.

Prime Minister Singh and President Obama reiterated that India and the United States, as global leaders, will partner for global security, especially as India serves on the Security Council over the next two years. The leaders agreed that their delegations in New York will intensify their engagement and work together to ensure that the Council continues to effectively play the role envisioned for it in the United Nations Charter.

The two leaders have a shared vision for peace, stability and prosperity in Asia, the Indian Ocean region and the Pacific region and committed to work together, and with others in the region, for the evolution of an open, balanced and inclusive architecture in the region. In this context, the leaders reaffirmed their support for the East Asia Summit and committed to regular consultations in this regard. The United States welcomes, in particular, India’s leadership in expanding prosperity and security across the region. The two leaders agreed to deepen existing regular strategic consultations on developments in East Asia, and decided to expand and intensify their strategic consultations to cover regional and global is-

addition to their own independent assistance programs in Afghanistan, the two sides resolved to pursue joint development projects with the Afghan Government in capacity building, agriculture and women’s empowerment.

They reiterated that success in Afghanistan and regional and global security require elimination of safe havens and infrastructure for terrorism and violent extremism in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Condemning terrorism in all its forms, the two sides agreed that all terrorist networks, including Lashkar e-Taiba, must be defeated and called for Pakistan to bring to justice the perpetrators of the November 2008 Mumbai attacks.

Building upon the Counter Terrorism Initiative signed in

July 2010, the two leaders announced a new Homeland Security Dialogue between the Ministry of Home Affairs and the Department of Homeland Security and agreed to further deepen operational cooperation, counter-terrorism technology transfers and capacity building. The two leaders also emphasized the importance of close cooperation in combating terrorist financing and in protecting the international financial system.

In an increasingly inter-de-

vention on the Law of the Sea, and peaceful settlement of maritime disputes.

The transformation in India-U.S. defense cooperation in recent years has strengthened mutual understanding on regional peace and stability, enhanced both countries’ respective capacities to meet humanitarian and other challenges such as terrorism and piracy, and contributed to the development of the strategic partnership between India and the United States. The two

nuclear disarmament in the 21st century. They affirmed the need for a meaningful dialogue among all states possessing nuclear weapons to build trust and confidence and for reducing the salience of nuclear weapons in international affairs and security doctrines. They support strengthening the six decade-old international norm of non-use of nuclear weapons. They expressed a commitment to strengthen international cooperative activities that will reduce the

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pendent world, the stability of, and access to, the air, sea, space, and cyberspace domains is vital for the security and economic prosperity of nations. Acknowledging their commitment to openness and responsible international conduct, and on the basis of their shared values, India and the United States have launched a dialogue to explore ways to work together, as well as with other countries, to develop a shared vision for these critical domains to promote peace, security and development. The leaders reaffirmed the importance of maritime security, unimpeded commerce, and freedom of navigation, in accordance with relevant universally agreed principles of international law, including the United Nations Con-

Governments resolved to further strengthen defense cooperation, including through security dialogue, exercises, and promoting trade and collaboration in defense equipment and technology. President Obama welcomed India's decision to purchase U.S. hightechnology defense items, which reflects our strengthening bilateral defense relations and will contribute to creating jobs in the United States.

The two leaders affirmed that their countries’ common ideals, complementary strengths and a shared commitment to a world without nuclear weapons give them a responsibility to forge a strong partnership to lead global efforts for non-proliferation and universal and non-discriminatory global

risk of terrorists acquiring nuclear weapons or material without reducing the rights of nations that play by the rules to harness the power of nuclear energy to advance their energy security. The leaders reaffirmed their shared dedication to work together to realize the commitments outlined at the April 2010 Nuclear Security Summit to achieve the goal of securing vulnerable nuclear materials in the next four years. Both sides expressed deep concern regarding illicit nuclear trafficking and smuggling and resolved to strengthen international cooperative efforts to address these threats through the IAEA, Interpol and in the context of the Nuclear Security Summit Communiqué and Action Plan. The two sides

welcomed the Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in the Global Centre for Nuclear Energy Partnership being established by India.

Both sides expressed deep concern about the threat of biological terrorism and pledged to promote international efforts to ensure the safety and security of biological agents and toxins. They stressed the need to achieve full implementation of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention and expressed the hope for a successful BWC Review Conference in 2011. The United States welcomed India’s destruction of its chemical weapons stockpile in accordance with the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention. Both countries affirmed their shared commitment to promoting the full and effective implementation of the CWC. The two leaders expressed regret at the delay in starting negotiations in the Conference on Disarmament for a multilateral, non-discriminatory and internationally and effectively verifiable treaty banning the future production of fissile material for nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.

India reaffirmed its unilateral and voluntary moratorium on nuclear explosive testing. The United States reaffirmed its testing moratorium and its commitment to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and bring it into force at an early date.

The leaders reaffirmed their commitment to diplomacy to resolve the Iranian nuclear issue, and discussed the need for Iran to take

constructive and immediate steps to meet its obligations to the IAEA and the UN Security Council.

Recognizing that India and the United States should play a leadership role in promoting global nonproliferation objectives and their desire to expand high technology cooperation and trade, Prime Minister Singh and President Obama committed to work together to strengthen the global export control framework and further transform bilateral export control regulations and policies to realize the full potential of the strategic partnership between the two countries.

Accordingly, the two leaders decided to take mutual steps to expand U.S.-India

cooperation in civil space, defense, and other hightechnology sectors. Commensurate with India’s nonproliferation record and commitment to abide by multilateral export control standards, these steps include the United States removing Indian entities from the U.S. Department of Commerce’s “Entity List” and realignment of India in U.S. export control regulations.

In addition, the United States intends to support India’s full membership in the four multilateral export control regimes (Nuclear Suppliers Group, Missile Technology Control Regime, Australia Group, and Wassenaar Arrangement) in a phased manner, and to consult with regime members to encourage the evolution of regime membership criteria, consistent with maintaining

the core principles of these regimes, as the Government of India takes steps towards the full adoption of the regimes’ export control requirements to reflect its prospective membership, with both processes moving forward together. In the view of the United States, India should qualify for membership in the Australia Group and the Wassenaar Arrangement according to existing requirements once it imposes export controls over all items on these regimes’ control lists.

Both leaders reaffirmed the assurances provided in the letters exchanged in September 2004 and the End-Use Visit Arrangement, and determined that the two governments had reached an understanding to implement these initiatives consistent with their respective

national export control laws and policies. The Prime Minister and President committed to a strengthened and expanded dialogue on export control issues, through fora such as the U.S.-India High Technology Cooperation Group, on aspects of capacity building, sharing of best practices, and outreach with industry.

The possibility of cooperation between the two nations in space, to advance scientific knowledge and human welfare, are without boundaries and limits. They commended their space scientists for launching new initiatives in climate and weather forecasting for agriculture, navigation, resource mapping, research and development, and capacity building. They agreed to continue discussions on and seek ways to collaborate on

future lunar missions, international space station, human space flight and data sharing, and to reconvene the Civil Space Joint Working Group in early 2011.

They highlighted the just concluded Implementing Arrangement for enhanced monsoon forecasting that will begin to transmit detailed forecasts to farmers beginning with the 2011 monsoon rainy season as an important example of bilateral scientific cooperation advancing economic development, agriculture and food security.

The two leaders welcomed the completion of steps by the two governments for implementation of the IndiaU.S. civil nuclear agreement.

They reiterated their commitment to build strong India-U.S. civil nuclear energy cooperation through the participation of the U.S. nuclear energy firms in India on the basis of mutually acceptable technical and commercial terms and conditions that enable a viable tariff regime for electricity generated. They noted that both countries had enacted domestic legislations and were also signatories to the Convention on Supplementary Compensation.

They further noted that India intends to ratify the Convention on Supplementary Compensation within the coming year and is committed to ensuring a level playing field for U.S. companies seeking to enter the Indian nuclear energy sector, consistent with India’s national and international legal obligations.

India will continue to work with the companies. In this

context, they welcomed the commencement of negotiations and dialogue between the Indian operator and U.S. nuclear energy companies, and expressed hope for early commencement of commercial cooperation in the civil nuclear energy sector in India, which will stimulate economic growth and sustainable development and generate employment in both countries.

Just as they have helped develop the knowledge economy, India and the United States resolved to strengthen their partnership in creating the green economy of the future. To this end, both countries have undertaken joint research and deployment of clean energy resources, such as solar, advanced biofuels, shale gas, and smart grids. The two leaders also welcomed the promotion of clean and energy efficient technologies through the bilateral Partnership to Advance Clean Energy (PACE) and expanded cooperation with the private sector. They welcomed the conclusion of a new MoU on assessment and exploration of shale gas and an agreement to establish a Joint Clean Energy Research Center in India as important milestones in their rapidly growing clean energy cooperation.

The leaders discussed the importance of working bilaterally, through the Major Economies Forum (MEF), and in the context of the international climate change negotiations within the framework of the UNFCCC to meet the challenge of climate change. Prime Minister Singh and President Obama

reiterated the importance of a positive result for the current climate change negotiations at the forthcoming conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Mexico and affirmed their support for the Copenhagen Accord, which should contribute positively to a successful outcome in Cancun. To that end, the leaders welcomed enhanced cooperation in the area of climate adaptation and sustainable land use, and welcomed the new partnership between the United States and India on forestry programs and in weather forecasting.

The two leaders stressed that India and the United States, anchored in democracy and diversity, blessed with enormous enterprise and skill, and endowed with synergies drawn from India’s rapid growth and U.S. global economic leadership, have a natural partnership for enhancing mutual prosperity and stimulating global economic recovery and growth.

They emphasize innovation not only as a tool for economic growth and global competitiveness, but also for social transformation and empowerment of people.

Prime Minister Singh and President Obama celebrated the recent growth in bilateral trade and investment, characterized by balanced and rapidly growing trade in goods and services. They noted positively that the United States is India’s

largest trading partner in goods and services, and India is now among the fastest growing sources of foreign direct investment entering the United States. The two leaders agreed on steps to reduce trade barriers and protectionist measures and encourage research and innovation to create jobs and improve livelihoods in their countries.

They also welcomed expanding investment flow in both directions. They noted growing ties between U.S. and Indian firms and called for enhanced investment flows, including in India’s infrastructure sector, clean energy, energy efficiency, aviation and transportation, healthcare, food processing sector and education. They welcomed the work of the U.S.-India CEO Forum to expand cooperation between the two countries, including in the areas of clean energy and infrastructure development. They also encouraged enhanced engagement by Indian and American small and medium-sized enterprises as a critical driver of our economic relationship.

They looked forward to building on these developments to realize fully the enormous potential for trade and investment between the two countries.

Recognizing the people-topeople dynamic behind trade and investment growth, they called for intensified consultations on social security issues at an appropriate time. The two leaders agreed to facilitate greater movement of professionals, investors and business travelers, students, and exchange visitors between their

countries to enhance their economic and technological partnership.

To enhance growth globally, the Prime Minster and President highlighted both nations’ interests in an ambitious and balanced conclusion to the WTO’s Doha Development Agenda negotiations, and in having their negotiators accelerate and expand the scope of their substantive negotiations bilaterally and with other WTO members to accomplish this as soon as possible. They agreed to work together in the G-20 to make progress on the broad range of issues on its agenda, including by encouraging actions consistent with achieving strong, balanced, and sustainable growth, strengthening financial system regulation, reforming the international financial institutions, enhancing energy security, resisting protectionism in all its forms, reducing barriers to trade and investment, and implementing the development action plans.

Building on the historic legacy of cooperation between the India and the United States during the Green Revolution, the leaders also decided to work together to develop, test, and replicate transformative technologies to extend food security as part of an Evergreen Revolution. Efforts will focus on providing farmers the means to improve agricultural productivity. Collaboration also will enhance agricultural value chain and strengthen market institutions to reduce post-harvest crop losses.

Affirming the importance

of India-U.S. health cooperation, Prime Minister and the President celebrated the signing of an MOU creating a new Global Disease Detection Regional Center in New Delhi, which will facilitate preparedness against threats to health such as pandemic influenza and other dangerous diseases.

Embracing the principles of democracy and opportunity, the leaders recognized that the full future potential of the partnership lies in the hands of the next genera-

comed India’s decision to hold a Festival of India in Washington DC in 2011.

Recognizing the importance of preserving cultural heritage, both governments resolved to initiate discussions on how India and the United States could partner to prevent the illicit trafficking of both countries’ rich and unique cultural heritage.

The President and Prime Minister also pledged to explore cooperation in support of efforts to strengthen elections organization and management in other interested countries, including through sharing their expertise in this area.

Taking advantage of the global nature of their relationship, and recognizing India’s vast development experience and historical research strengths, the two leaders pledged to work together, in addition to their

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tion in both countries. To help ensure that all members of that generation enjoy the benefits of higher education, the Prime Minister and the President agreed to convene an India-U.S. Higher Education Summit, chaired by senior officials from both countries in 2011, as part of a continued effort to strengthen educational opportunities. They welcomed the progress made in implementing the Singh-Obama 21st Century Knowledge Initiative that is expanding links between faculties and institutions of the two countries and the expansion in the Nehru-Fulbright Programme for Scholars.

Noting that the ties of kinship and culture are an increasingly important dimension of India-U.S. relations, President Obama wel-

Consistent with their commitments to open and responsive government, and harnessing the expertise and experience that the two countries have developed, the leaders launched a U.S.India Open Government Dialogue that will, through public-private partnerships and use of new technologies and innovations, promote their shared goal of democratizing access to information and energizing civic engagement, support global initiatives in this area and share their expertise with other interested countries.

This will build on India’s impressive achievements in this area in recent years and the commitments that the President made to advance an open government agenda at the United Nations General Assembly.

independent programmes, to adapt shared innovations and technologies and use their expertise in capacity building to extend food security to interested countries, including in Africa, in consultation with host governments.

Prime Minister Singh and President Obama concluded that their meeting is a historic milestone as they seek to elevate the India-U.S. strategic partnership to a new level for the benefit of their nations and the entire mankind. President Obama thanked President Patil, Prime Minister Singh, and the people of India for their extraordinary warmth and hospitality during his visit.

The two leaders looked forward to the next session of the U.S.-India Strategic Dialogue in 2011.

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S President Barack Obama and his wife Michelle called on Indian President Pratibha Patil in the evening of November 8, 2010, at the Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi. The meeting was held in the Morning Room of the Presidential Palace. Done up in bright yellow, the room was adorned with Ajanta-style paintings and was personally redecorated by President Pratibha Patil. The Morning Room was chosen over the North Drawing Room, which is usually reserved for meeting with visiting Heads of States.

After their half-hour meeting, the Obamas took a walk around the beautiful Mughal Gardens, lighted specially for the occasion. They then attended a grand reception later at the garden, where a spectacular cultural extravaganza was also organized.

While welcoming President Obama, President Patil said “You are in our midst at a time when India-U.S. relations have never been stronger and the promise and potential of our partnership has never been greater.”

For the full text of President Patil’s speech, please see Page 64.

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,

ice President Hamid Ansari on November 8 said that the visit of President Obama to India will bring the people of the two nations closer. Welcoming President Obama to the Central Hall of Parliament for his address to members of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, Vice President Ansari said India’s Constitution had been inspired by the values of liberty, constitutionalism, law, political and cultural equality.

“We have accommodated diversity, eschewed conflict and promoted peace,” he said. Ansari, who is Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, said that the U.S. and India have to do much together.

“We are confident the visit will bring our two peoples closer,” he said.

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