Exchange guide

EXCHANGE GUIDE

TABLE OF

C ONTENTS I

INTRODUCTION

01

II

PREFACE

03

VII

LEBANON

20

III

CZECH REPUBLIC

06

VIII

POLAND

23

IV

GERMANY

10

IX

PORTUGAL

26

V

GREECE

14

X

ROMANIA

29

VI

ITALY

17

XI

SLOVAKIA

32

IFMSA-Kurdistan

Introduction

Introduction Welcome to the IFMSA-Kurdistan Exchange Guide! This guide provides essential information to help you navigate your exchange journey. If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to get in touch with yourterm’s LEOs or NEOs for assistance.

This guide is newly developed, and we aim to update it annually to ensure accuracy. If you’d like to contribute to future editions, we’d love to hear from you!

The photos featured in this guide capture moments from the experiences of our exchange students in different countries, offering a glimpse into their journeys and inspiring future participants.

IMPORTANT: been Most references have r each placed in the section fo check designated NMO. Please l for the official IFMSA porta rding any specific rules rega not be the country that may covered in this guide.

Exchange Guide

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

Introduction

Editorial Board Sulaimani LEO 23-24 NEO-IN 24-25

Sulaimani LEO 24-25

Renwar Yassin Content writer

Polan Payjor Content writer

Zhyar Hoshyar Content writer

Arya Atta Content writer

Aland Ghazi Content writer

Bala Muhammad Content writer

Sulaimani LEO 23-24

Sulaimani LEO 24-25

Sanar Soran Content writer

Shad Jalal Content writer

Arev Haval Content editor

Senna Najeeb Graphic designer

Exchange Guide

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

Preface Your 01. Selecting Locations

1. Application Post : - A formal announcement will be shared on the IFMSA-Kurdistan (national) private Facebook group to inform members that the exchange application process is officially open. This post will include all the necessary details regarding deadlines, eligibility, and a direct link to the application form. Make sure to keep an eye on the group so you don’t miss it!

2. Filling the Form : - Once the application form is available, you will need to carefully fill it out with accurate personal and academic information. As part of the process, you'll be asked to choose six exchange destinations in order of preference.

These choices will determine the NMOs you will be applying to, in order of priority.

Please note that your final placement will depend on the selection process, the number of available spots, and acceptance by the hosting NMO.

Exchange Guide

02. Interview Process 1. Interview by the NEO-Out: - Do your interview which is usually conducted by the National Exchange Officer for outgoings.

2. Result Notification : Within approximately one month, you will receive an email with your assigned country.

A second email will follow with your login credentials (email and password) for the IFMSA Exchange Portal.

For unil ateral e xchang es, you will pay $50 to IF MSA-Ku rdistan and $35 0 or more to the des ignated hosting NMO (note: th is amou nt may vary de pending on the c ountry).

For bila teral ex change you will s, pay a to tal of $4 00 to IF MSAKurdist an. Befo re apply ing, ma ke sure check t to he visa requirem ents an d the location s of rele vant em bassies or consula tes. This guide p rovides helpful referen ces to g et you s tarted.

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

Preface on the 03. Application Exchange Portal 1. Access the Exchange Portal : - Once your application has been confirmed, you will receive a set of login credentials. Use these credentials to access the IFMSA Exchange Portal. This platform is where you'll complete and manage your exchange application.

2. Complete Your Application : - After logging into the portal, begin by filling out your Application Form with accurate personal, academic, and contact information.

Be sure to use the correct postal code based on your city: Sulaimani Postal Code: 46001.

Hawler Postal Code: 44001 Duhok Postal Code: 42001 - Then you fill out the Card of Documents, Some documents that may be difficult to obtain include: Proof of enrolment: to get a proof of enrollment in Kurdistan, you usually need to request it from your university’s registration office. Most universities provide it in Kurdish, but for an English version, you may need to visit the main administration office or a specific department. Some universities may also require official stamps or approvals from higher offices.

Exchange Guide

Immunization Record: for some NMOs, the required immunization record varies (e.g., Greece, Czechia), while others only require the standard form... You can fill it out at: 1. Government Health Centers (Primary Health Care Centers - PHCCs): Every city and town has multiple PHCCs that provide vaccines free of charge, especially for routine immunizations (e.g., childhood vaccines, hepatitis B, tetanus, etc.). Adults who need vaccination for travel or medical purposes can also be inquired at these centers.

2. Private Clinics & Hospitals. Many private hospitals and clinics in cities like Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Duhok offer vaccines.

These usually require a fee but may have a wider selection of vaccines available.

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

04. Visa Process All the details can be found on the official websites referenced in the NMO descriptions below.

What is VFS?

For countries without an embassy or consulate in Iraq, visa processing is often handled through VFS Global in Erbil. However, check with your designated NMO for specific requirements.

Phone no.: 0751 012 6287 Erbil | vfsglobal

Consulate / Embassy appointment: You have successfully reserved an appointment and they have asked for a proof of return.

For this there are two documents usually are a must and if you have other documents please contact your terms LEO. 1. Proof of enrolment this shows that you have an academic prowess that you have to get back for.

Exchange Guide

2. Air plane tickets For the airplane tickets you might ask if you should buy a ticket so soon, and you don’t have to buy one.

Since you are not always sure when exactly is the date of your exchange or whether you will be accepted, there are two popular options: 1. Reserve refundable tickets and cancel them later.

2. Some travel agencies offer dummy tickets (fake ticket) which is temporary reservations that demonstrate travel intent without requiring immediate payment. Once your visa is approved, you can purchase an actual ticket. (You can also do this yourself through the Turkish airline app, if you don’t add a payment method).

Cheaper plane tickets: 1. Flight prices are lower when booked early plan ahead to get the best deals.

2. To save costs, consider flying to a nearby country and taking a train to your final destination, if your visa permits.

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

CZECH REPUBLIC

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast. Prague, capital city of the Czech Republic, is bisected by the Vltava River. Nicknamed “the City of a Hundred Spires,” it's known for its Old Town Square, the heart of its historic core, with colorful buildings. The world’s largest castle is the Prague castle. The official language of the Czech Republic is Czech, although many people in the Czech Republic have a base knowledge of the English language.

Finances and Currency In the Czech Republic only Czech crown (česká koruna - CZK ) can be used. Euro is not in official use so it’s recommended to change your money to Czech crown 1,000 IQD 17.8 CZK, 100 USD 2,320 CZK (exchange rates fluctuate and may vary).

When exchanging currency as a tourist, beware of hidden fees and unfavorable exchange rates. Some currency exchange offices may offer attractive deals but impose hidden charges that diminish the value of the exchange.

Sim-card prices are 70 euros for 30 days with unlimited data.

Czech Republic Local Committees Czech Republic (IFMSA CZ) - Brno Czech Republic (IFMSA CZ) - Prague Czech Republic (IFMSA CZ) - Hradec Kralove Czech Republic (IFMSA CZ) - Olomouc Czech Republic (IFMSA CZ) - Plzen Czech Republic (IFMSA CZ) – Ostrava Does not have any specific IFMA rules.

Poland Germany Slovakia Austria

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Visa Process Czech Republic is a part of Schengen visa (page no.) they have a consulate in Erbil, location: Click here!

The steps are all provided in their link: Click here!

Weather The weather in summer is warm but expect rain because peak of rainfall is in july.

Plane Tickets Plane ticket prices vary depending on the date, but they generally cost around $1,200. If you book early, you may find tickets for less than $1,000.

Transportation Whether you prefer a leisurely stroll, a quick metro ride, a scenic bike route, or a cab, Prague has something for everyone!

Public Transport: Metro, Trams, and Buses: The city’s public transport system is top-notch. Students can enjoy metro passes for just 130 CZK for 30 days. Easy to navigate and reliable, public transport connects every corner of Prague.

Taxis: While marked taxis can be convenient, beware of unmarked taxis near metro and bus stations, as they may overcharge.

Walking: As one of the most walkable cities in Europe, exploring Prague on foot is a must. Pack a comfortable pair of shoes and enjoy the city’s charming streets and historic landmarks.

Biking: A favorite among locals and tourists alike, Prague has an extensive network of bike lanes. And it’s affordable too, bike rentals start at just 35 CZK, depending on the time used.

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Amigo, you know how to say some basic phrases in Czech?

Yeah, I know a few! What do you want to learn?

Just simple stuff, like “yes” and “no.”

Okay, “yes” is ano. As bizarre as it sounds no means yes in Czech.

Wait, what? “No” means “yes”? That’s so weird!

I know, right? But the actual word for “no” is ne.

Got it. What about “please” and “thank you”?

“Please” is prosim, and “thank you” is dekuji.

How do you say “excuse me” and “hello”?

That’s s dovolením and Dobrý den for a formal greeting.

Cool! Thanks for teaching me.

Dekuji!

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Simple phrases Page 09

IFMSA-Kurdistan

GERMANY

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Germany Situated in Central Europe, is renowned for its rich history, diverse culture, and economic prowess. Berlin, the capital city, is a dynamic cultural hub with a thriving arts scene, while cities like Munich and Hamburg offer a blend of modernity and tradition. Germany is famous for its picturesque landscapes, including the Black Forest, the Bavarian Alps, and the Rhine River. The country is also known for its technological innovation and engineering excellence, with major industries including automotive, engineering, and pharmaceuticals.

German is the official language, but English is widely spoken, especially in business and tourism.

Finances and Currency The official currency of Germany is the euro (EUR).

While some businesses may accept other currencies, it’s generally recommended to use the euro for transactions.

Plane Tickets A round-trip plane ticket to Germany typically costs around $880, depending on the airline, and time of booking.

Exchange Guide

Prices In Germany is generally straightforward, with prices displayed including taxes. Keep in mind that tipping is customary in restaurants and for services like taxis, typically around 5-10% of the bill.

All the mentioned transportations can be used only by using DB navigator app which is free to download on both IOS and Android system. There is also Flixtrain app and Flixbus which you can use see around easier

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Visa Process Germany has an Embassy in Erbil, where you can get your visa.

The required visa type is a Schengen Visa if you stay less than 90 days and costs 80 Euros.

Location of Embassy: Kirkuk Road Opposite to Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region-Iraq.

SIM Cards

Requirements In Germany the Exchange student is required to speak B2 level German (certified) incomings who do not speak German should be open to cities and department that are not on their preference list since they need to make adjustments due to language requirement change. Please check the official IFMSA explore page for additional information.

Exchange Guide

You can get a German SIM card in Telekom (formerly T-Mobile), O2 & Vodafone stores.

Electronic shops, like Mediamarkt, also sell SIM cards. Some German airports sell (tourist) SIM cards (at inflated prices).

Telekom Germany (formerly T-Mobile Germany): 9.95 EUR (regular & data-only) Vodafone Germany: 9.95 EUR O2 Germany: 10 EUR (regular) or 69.99 EUR (data-only).

First two choices are the best choice. If you want you can use eSIM which only Telekom Germany has eSIM.

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Transportation Popular transportation in Germany includes an extensive network of trains, buses, trams, and subways, providing efficient and convenient options for travel within and between cities.

The most popular modes of transportation are trams and the U-Bahn, which is essentially the metro. It is an easy and affordable way to get around the city where you are staying. If you need to travel to other cities, the S-Bahn is a convenient option.

Exchange Guide

References:

1. For Embassy: https://gov.krd/dfren/foreignrepresentation/consulate-generalof-the-federal-republic-of-germany/ 2. For Transportation info: https://happytowander.com/howto-take-trains-in-germany/ 3. For sim info: https://www.phonetravelwiz.com/b uying-a-sim-card-in-germanyguide/ 4. IFMSA Explore page: https://exchange.ifmsa.org/explore -pages/national 5. For weather: https://www.goway.com/travelinformation/europe/germany/weath er/ 6. For Safety: https://www.daad.de/en/studyingin-germany/living-ingermany/safety/

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GREECE

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Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, historically also known as Hellas, is a country in South - Eastern Europe, on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula, lying at the meeting point of three continents - Europe, Asia, and Africa. Having lots of Islands, the country is surrounded by the Aegean, Ionian, Cretan and Mediterranean Sea. Athens is the capital of Greece and one of the world's oldest cities, stands as a testament to the intricate tapestry of human history and civilization. Recognized for its ancient landmarks like the Parthenon and the Acropolis, Athens serves as the origin of democracy, philosophy, and classical literature. Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization, being the birthplace of the Olympic Games, historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles and western drama. Hospitality is a virtue that has always characterized the Greeks. Greek people are friendly, eager to welcome and treat visitors the best way possible. They are also cheerful and they totally enjoy gathering together to celebrate any occasion. The vast majority of the population speak Greek, but other languages such as Macedonian, Albanian, and Turkish are also spoken. And worry not since the majority of them also speak English, especially the younger generation!

If you’re a Greek Mythology nerd, have a thing for nature and history, and your mouth waters at photos of Greek cuisines, then this is the best choice for you!

Visa

Plane Tickets

Schengen visa to be obtained through the Consulate General of Greece in Erbil, Dream city. An appointment must be scheduled beforehand. Information on documents needed can be found at : Click here!

Exchange Guide

Plane ticket prices vary depending on the time of the year, ranging from $600-$800 from Sulaimaniyah International airport to Athens international airport. We recommend you check with your nearest travel agency for precise cost.

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Local Committees The Local Committees (LCs) of the International Federation Medical Students’ Associations (IFMSA) in Greece: 1. Athens University Medical Students’ International Committee (AUMSIC) 2. Thessaloniki University Medical Students’ International Committee (TUMSIC) 3. Patras University Medical Students’ International Committee (PUMSIC) 4. Ioannina University Medical Students’ International Committee (IUMSIC) 5. Larissa University Medical Students’ International Committee (LUMSIC) 6. Heraklion University Medical Students’ International Committee (HUMSIC)

Finances and Currency The national currency is Euro. 1000 IQD = €0.7 $100 = €91.4 Many shops, hotels, restaurants, and outlets accept payments by credit or debit cards, but be careful of the hidden fees.

Internet & SIM cards Internet is available in restaurants and in hotels but not out in public.

Having a Greek SIM card or eSIM is recommended. In Greece.

Their electronic are mostly Type F sockets.

Transportation

Metro: A quick and reliable option, but make sure to check the timetable and closing times of the stations to avoid surprises.

Taxis: Convenient and affordable, taxis are easy to find on the streets or through apps like FreeNow, the most popular choice for visitors and locals alike.

Walking: Most of the must-see spots are within walking distance, making this the best way to enjoy the scenic charm of the islands.

Ferries and Cruises: Perfect for island hopping! Ferries and cruises connect different islands and offer a unique way to enjoy the views while traveling.

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ITALY

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Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe with a long Mediterranean coastline. It has left a powerful mark on the Western culture and cuisine! Italy is often described as a “Boot-shaped peninsula” that juts out of southern Europe into the Adriatic Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea and other waters. The country is surrounded by sea with mountains crisscrossing the interior into regions.

Italy is one of Western Europe’s youngest countries which has been a country only since 1861 and it was the birthplace and center of the ancient roman civilization.

With Rome being its capital, containing many magnificent historical locations such as; The colosseum, The Pantheon, Trevi fountain, Crypts and Catacombs, St. Peter’s Basilica, Spanish Steps...etc. it’s also a well-known place for its gelato and pasta! The Spanish steps aren’t really Spanish... and if you are a cat lover, Rome is for you! As cats have special rights there! Italy also contains many other cities; Florence with its renaissance masterpieces such as Michelangelo’s “David” and Brunelleschi’s Duomo. Venice the “city of canals”. And Milan Italy’s “Fashion capital”.

Its name “Italy”, written in old English as “Italia”, means “Land of young bulls” and the name, Italy, was originally given to the southern region now known as Calabria. Italy is best known for its Architecture, culture, art, food, fashion, opera, film and literature and is considered one of the best countries for tourism as it’s known as a place which captivates foreigners with its warm and welcoming hospitality… it could also be because of their Pizza as the Italians invented pizza in Naples!

The vast majority of the population speak Italian, but other languages such as English, French, Spanish, German, Basque, Arabic and Croatian are also spoken.

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Visa Process Schengen visa to be obtained through the consulate of Italy in Erbil-Iraq.

An appointment must be scheduled beforehand.

Information on documents needed can be found at: Click here!

Plane Tickets: Plane tickets vary depending on the airline, flight class chosen, and time of the year.

Generally, a round-trip ticket price starts from 700-800$ from Sulaymaniyah to Rome.

Finances and currency The national currency is Euro.

1000 IQD= 0.7€ 100$ = 91.4€

Internet & SIM cards Italy has reliable internet, especially in cities.

However, rural areas may have limited coverage. Free Wi-Fi is common in airports, train stations, cafes, city squares, and through the government’s Wi-Fi Italia service. For better connectivity, getting an Italian SIM card or eSIM is recommended.

Transportation

Train: The best way to visit cities like Rome, Florence, and Venice. Italy’s extensive train network includes high-speed inter-city trains and regional services that connect smaller towns.

Bus: A budget-friendly option for getting around cities or traveling within specific regions.

Car: Ideal for exploring the countryside, vineyards, and charming stays in regions like Piedmont and Tuscany.

Ferry: Perfect for traveling between islands or along the beautiful coastal towns.

Plane: Best for covering long distances between farapart cities quickly and efficiently.

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LEBANON

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Lebanon Lebanon is a country in Western Asia, bounded to the west by the Mediterranean Sea. Its location facilitated its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of ethnic and religious diversity. The Lebanese culture has been a hallmark of the Arab world, and it has gathered customs and ideas from several witnessed, such as Greeks, Ottoman, and France.

Go east, Go west, EMR is the best! Lebanon’s capital, Beirut, is known as the “Paris of the Middle East” due to its immense tourist attraction. So if you’re looking for a familiar yet western feel to your exchange, this is the right place to choose! The country is primarily trilingual. Although Arabic is the native and official language of Lebanon, the population is also fluent in English and French. It's also crucial to remember that university courses are available in either French or English.

Visa Process Iraqi nationals previously needed to obtain a visa-on-arrival to enter Lebanon, but fortunately Lebanon has removed Visa requirement for Iraqi passport holders! You have visa-free entry for a period of 30 days, extendable up to three months at the General Directorate of General Security. You can also extend it upon arrival to the airport.

Exchange Guide

Plane Tickets Plane tickets prices vary depending on the time of the year. But it’s usually around 450-500 thousand IQD both ways. We recommend you check with your nearest travel agency.

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Finances and Currency The national currency is the Lebanese Pound (LBP).

1000 IQD = 68,000 LBP $100 = 8,959,057 LBP Lebanon is going through an economic crisis, meaning that US Dollars and Euros exchange rates to the Lebanese national currency (LBP) are constantly changing.

Please keep in mind the following: It's better to bring with you cash dollars or euros instead of using a credit card.

Do not exchange everything upon arrival.

Internet & SIM cards Internet connection in Lebanon is good however it isn't available everywhere & can lag. Having SIM cards is recommended.

It

is

expected

to

electricity blackouts

have

the tap

not safe water in Lebanon is to buy to drink. You will need banon, water bottles. In Le e used Type C / E / F sockets ar

Transportation

Taxis: Service Taxis: Shared cabs found in major squares and roads. Ask “Service?” and confirm your destination with the driver. A cheap and convenient option.

Private Taxis: Pre-booked by phone.

Confirm the price when booking and at the end of the ride, as they don’t use meters.

Ride-Sharing Apps: Uber and Bolt are reliable and cheaper than regular taxis, available in Beirut and surrounding suburbs.

Exchange Guide

Buses: There are unofficial lines run without schedules.

There is a scheduled Coach / Motor coach bus line connects Beirut and Tripoli (around $4 per person) with stops in cities along the way.

Book via WhatsApp at +961 3 206 718 (check the profile picture for the schedule).

Walking: Ideal for exploring small cities, but less recommended in winter due to cold and rainy weather.

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

POLAND

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Poland Poland is a country in Central Europe, it shares borders with Germany to the west, Czech republic to the south and Ukraine to the east. It’s northern boundary meets baltic sea, offering picturesque coastlines. Poland’s capital, Warsaw, is a vibrant cultural center, boasting numerous museums, theaters, art galleries, and music venues.

It is also known as “Land of a Thousand Lakes” due to its numerous lakes If you are interested in exploring World Heritage Sites, Poland is the right place to choose, due to its numerous historical places like Historic Centre of Krakow.

Polish is the predominant language spoken in Poland, there are also minority languages spoken, including German, Ukrainian. Additionally, English is widely spoken and understood, especially among younger generations.

Universities Poland is a good country for exchange students because they are known for their excellence in education and research, and numerous high quality medical colleges.

University courses are primarily taught in Polish. However, there are an increasing number of programs offered in English, especially at the graduate level, to attract international students.

Visa Process Poland is a part of Schengen visa Embassy in Baghdad Embassy of Poland in Baghdad - Poland in Iraq

Consulate in Erbil Consulate General in Erbil Poland in Iraq Gov.pl website

Gov.pl website

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Finances and Currency The currency of Poland is the Polish zloty, abbreviated as PLN. They do not use euro despite being in the European Union except for some hotels and restaurants in the big cities that accept payment as euro, so it’s better to have Polish zloty.

100$ = 390 PLN 1000 IQD = 3.02 PLN. For exchange students, living expenses in Poland are relatively affordable compared to other European countries.

Type C and E sockets are mostly used.

Smoking is prohibited in enclosed public space.

:

Simple conversations cześć = Hello.

e.

do widzenia = Goodby TAk = Yes. nie = No. Proszę = Please.

u.

Dziękuję Ci = Thank yo

Plane Tickets Plane tickets may vary but generally starts from 1800$

Transportation

Bicycle: Cycling is a very good transportation tool in Poland, there are over 300 stations bicycle stations in Poland where you can rent bikes, and gladly the first 20 minutes is free!

Many trains allows you to get your bike on board for free but keep in mind that some of them require reservation for the bike.

Buses, trams, and metro: They are very affordable, and useful to travel between places far from each other.

Walking: Most people find cities of Poland pretty walkable because it’s mostly flat so not many hills and most of the tourist attractions are within walking distance from one another.

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

PORTUGAL

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IFMSA-Kurdistan

Portugal Located in southwestern Europe, boasts a rich history, diverse culture, and growing economy. Lisbon, the capital city, is a vibrant cultural center with a thriving music and arts scene, while cities like Porto and Faro showcase a blend of historic charm and modern amenities.

Portugal is renowned for its stunning coastline, including the Algarve region, as well as its picturesque countryside and vineyards in regions like the Douro valley. The country has a growing technology sector and is known for its contributions to renewable energy, tourism, and agriculture.

Portuguese is the official language, but English is widely spoken, particularly in urban areas and within the tourism industry.

SIM Card

Plane Tickets

You can get a Portugese SIM card in MEO, NOS & Vodafone stores. Kiosks also sell SIM cards (especially for the MVNOs). Some Portuguese airports sell (tourist) SIM cards (at inflated prices).

MEO (by Altice Portugal): 2.50 EUR (regular), 9.99 EUR (regular), 14.99 EUR (data-only) & 30 EUR (data-only).

NOS Portugal: 10 EUR (regular), 15 EUR (data-only) & 40 EUR (data-only) Vodafone Portugal: free (5 EUR top-up), 9.90 EUR & 20 EUR (travel) Lycamobile Portugal: 5 EUR, 10 EUR & 15 EUR

A round-trip plane ticket to Portugal typically costs around $1340, depending on the airline, and time of booking.

Exchange Guide

Visa Process Unfortunately, there is no Portugal Embassy in Iraq. So, the nearest is in Istanbul which you need a Tourist Schengen visa which cost 80 Euro.

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Transportation Portugal is not a large country and you can get almost everywhere easily and efficiently by train or bus. Regional trains are often cheaper and some lines very scenic, but it's almost always quicker to go by bus – especially on shorter or less obvious routes.

Transportation In Portugal, popular transportation options include trains, buses, trams, metros, taxis, rental cars, and bikes, offering efficient travel within and between cities.

Pricing varies depending on the service or product. Generally, public transportation like buses and metros have affordable fares, while taxis and rental cars can be more expensive.

Dining out and shopping prices can also vary depending on the location and type of establishment. Overall, Porugal offers a range of pricing options to suit different budgets.

Apps: You can use Moovit app which is a popular app that allows you to discover public transport and build routes in various cities worldwide, and also Comboios de Portugal which is the Portuguese Railway official app.

It allows you to check train schedules, purchase tickets, and get real-time information about train arrivals and departures.

There are two primary taxi services available in Portugal: Available on both IOS and Android: 1. Uber 2. Bolt Note that SIM cards can

References:

1. Most of the information was provided from https://www.expatica.com/ 2. IFMSA Explore page: https://exchange.ifmsa.org/exchan ge-conditions/scope/view/11 3. Weather Information: https://www.goway.com/travelinformation/europe/portugal/weath er/ 4. Sim Card Information: https://www.phonetravelwiz.com/b uying-a-sim-card-in-portugalguide/ 5. Safety Information: https://portugalbuyersagent.com/is -portugal-safe-tovisit/#:~:text=Portugal's%20safety %20ranking,Denmark%2C%20Au stria%2C%20and%20Singapore

be more expensive than those listed above when purchased at an airport. Portugal is known to be a stable, safe, and peaceful country.

It is even considered one of the safest countries to visit.

The 2023 Global Peace Index ranked Portugal seventh

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ROMANIA

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Romania Romania, officially named in 1861 following the unification of Wallachia and Moldavia, derives its name from the Latin "Romani," meaning "people of Rome." Located in Eastern Europe, it is the largest country in the Balkans, boasting dramatic mountain landscapes and a coastline along the Black Sea. Romania shares its borders with Ukraine to the north, Moldova to the northeast, Hungary to the northwest, Serbia to the southwest, and Bulgaria to the south. Throughout its history, Romania has been influenced by various empires, including the Roman, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian.

The country is renowned for the Carpathian Mountains, medieval fortresses, and the legend of Dracula. The Danube Delta, Europe's largest remaining natural wetland, with about 80% located in Romania and 20% in Ukraine. It is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including pelicans, herons, storks, cormorants, and terns.

Romania Local committees Romania (FASMR) - Iasi Romania (FASMR) - Oradea Romania (FASMR) - Sibiu Romania (FASMR) - Bucharest Romania (FASMR) - Brasov Romania (FASMR) - Cluj-Napoca Romania (FASMR) - Craiova Romania (FASMR) - Targu-Mures Romania (FASMR) - Timisoara Romania (FASMR) - Constanta

Weather Summers in Romania are warm, with average temperatures ranging from (16°C to 29°C) in July. However, weather can be variable, so it's advisable to bring light jackets for potential rain and cooler evenings.

ANIA ROM

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Finances and Currency The currency is the Romanian Leu (RON). As of January 20, 2025, the exchange rate is approximately 1 USD = 4.79557 RON. While some establishments may accept euros, it's advisable to use the local currency. When exchanging money, seek reputable exchange offices to avoid unfavorable rates and hidden fees.

Language Romanian, the official language, is a Romance language with notable similarities to Italian. While many Romanians have a basic understanding of English, especially in urban areas, learning a few Romanian phrases can enhance your experience.

Basic Romanian Phrases: Bună dimineața = Good morning Bună ziua = Good afternoon Noapte bună = G ood night Da = Yes Nu = No Mulțumesc = Than k you

Bună = Hi

Visa Process Romania is a member of the Schengen area.

Iraqi citizens can apply for a Romanian visa at the Consular Office in Baghdad.

The address is: The Embassy of Romania, Mahalla 601, Zuquak 15, Nr. C45, Al-Mansur Street, Bagdad, Iraq Visa processing typically takes 15 days but can extend to 30 or, in exceptional cases, 60 days.

Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your intended stay.

La revedere = Goo dbye Pa = Bye (inform al)

Transportation Romanian cities are generally walkable and offer efficient public transportation, including buses, trams, and, in larger cities like Bucharest, metros. Ride-sharing services such as Uber and Bolt are also available. For intercity travel, trains are an affordable and comfortable option. Note that student discounts on transportation are primarily available to Romanian students.

Plane Tickets Round-trip flights from Erbil to Romania Romania vary depending on the airline and travel dates. The prices range from 250-650$ and It's advisable to book in advance and compare options to secure the best rates.

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SLOVAKIA

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Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered

by Polan to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west and Czech Republic to the northwest. “Slovakia” means the “Land of the Slavs”.

The country is famous for its unique castles, caves, hot springs, folk architecture, the European Dead Sea. A famous Celtic town, European wilderness…etc. It holds breathtaking views and tourist destinations which are hard to find elsewhere in the world!

Its capital, Bratislava, is set along the Danube River by the border of Austria and Hungary.

Its surrounded by vineyards and Little Carpathian mountains, crisscrossed with forested hiking and cycling trails! Its also known for its lively bars and cafes. The reconstructed Bratislava Castle overlooks old town and the Danube. Some of the most interesting places within Bratislava include: Bratislava Castle, The Blue Church, Hrad Devin, Slavin...etc.

One thing not to miss is trying traditional Slovak food such as friend cheese and dumplings!

The official language in Slovakia is Slovak, but other languages such as Hungarian, English, German, Russian, Polish, Roma, and French are spoken.

Slovakia offers tourists many amazing views, enjoyable moments and delicious foods, with that said, there is a small risk of petty crimes like pickpocketing in bars and tourist areas particularly the Christmas markets.

For our geography lovers; Slovakia is the geographical midpoint of Europe!

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Finances and Currency The national currency is Euro.

1000 IQD= 0.7€ 100$ = 91.4€

Visa Process Slovakia requires a Schengen visa.

Unfortunately, since there isn’t any direct Slovak consulates within Kurdistan, one must reach out to the nearest consulates to fill the visa form (Jordan or Turkey) or through traveling agencies.

Internet & SIM cards Internet is easily accessible within Slovakia as it is available in many public places (Hotels, Restaurants, Cafes, Airports, some parks…etc.) and data plans can be bought in local stores.

The rural areas, however, can have connection issues.

It’s recommended to buy a Slovakia SIM cards or an eSIM.

Transportation Slovakia has a well-developed network of buses and trains. The best method of the two to get around is trains. If you have the time and are ready to see sights, you can also cycle through the countryside. It’s also a good idea to walk within Bratislava as most key attractions in its compact center are within a walking distance from one another.

Exchange Guide

Plane Tickets Plane tickets vary depending on the airline, flight class chosen, and time of the year. Generally, a round-trip ticket price starts from 700-800$ from Sulaymaniyah to Bratislava.

Tickets of economy class can get as expensive as 2000$.

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Your Journey Begins Here!

An exchange is more than just a trip an opportunity to explore new cultures, gain hands-on experience, and create lifelong memories. This guide is here to help you every step of the way, ensuring you’re well-prepared for your adventure.

Where will your exchange take you? What experiences will shape your journey?

The answers await.

Bon voyage, and may your exchange be unforgettable!

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