Vlas SETS_ENG

Strengthening European Traditional Sports A NETWORK OF EUROPEAN TRADITIONAL SPORTS

SETS

Strengthening European Traditional Sports A NETWORK OF EUROPEAN TRADITIONAL SPORTS

www.europeantraditionalsportsforum.eu

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A

B C D E

F G H

2

page

Introduction 3 Vlaamse Traditionele Sporten vzw (VlaS) - Guido Van Alsenoy European Commission - Tibor Navracsics Bloso general manager - Philippe Paquay Description of the project

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Conference conclusions

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The partners 25 The participants

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- Conference Northwest Europe: Amsterdam - Conference Northeast Europe: Vilnius - Conference Southeast Europe: Martf端 Overview of the traditional sports out of Northern and Eastern Europe 59 End conclusions

99

Index 101

A INTRODUCTION As the president of the Flemish Traditional Sports (VlaS) I am very proud that we have been able to execute this European project on traditional sports and games. The research that we did was focussed on Northern and Eastern Europe. In this region we succeeded in building a network of traditional sports associations and enlarging the network of the European Traditional Sports and Games Association (ETSGA), which VlaS is a co-founder of. We would hereby like to ETSGA for accompanying us during the conferences.

VlaS realised this project in cooperation with Sportimonium. The latter was a genuine mainstay during the entire course of the project.

The three conferences showed us how diverse and rich the active practice of traditional sports in Europe really is. Together, the participants of the conferences analysed various themes regarding traditional sports and games, such as the strengths and weaknesses of traditional sports and their organisations. It is thanks to this insightful information provided by 46 traditional sports associations and the conclusions of the three conferences that we have been able to publish this substantial reference book. ‘Substantial’ because the 93 traditional sports disciplines that we identified, the organisations representing them and different subjects can be looked up via the keyword index.

SETS – the abbreviation of our project title ‘Strengthening European Traditional Sports’ – also managed to reach the goals that were set via our website. The latter also contains plenty of information, opinions and links and will be further updated.

I would also like to thank Lithuania’s National Wrestling Federation and Tesz-Vesz Youth and Child Foundation (Hungary) for their help in organising the trials, meals and local transportation in Vilnius and Martfü. And last but not least: a big ‘well done’ to SETS coordinator Gaël Staelens and VlaS coordinator Hein Comeyne, whose drive and ambition significantly contributed to the success of the project.

Enjoy finding the information that you need and studying the conclusions, Guido Van Alsenoy - President of the Vlaamse Traditionele Sporten vzw 3

Promoting traditional games and sports is particularly close to my heart. Sport has an outstanding role in building and reinforcing communities. Traditional sports open up a historical perspective, showing us how deeply sport has been embedded in communities for centuries. A symbol of the cultural diversity of our societies, they help us preserve our local heritage and identity.

The motto of the European Union “United in diversity” acknowledges the importance of the many different cultures and traditions of our continent. But promoting traditional games and sports goes beyond the celebration of culture. According to recent projections by the World Health Organization, Europe will face an obesity crisis by 2030.

Encouraging people to become active therefore remains a priority for the European Commission. Traditional games and sports have a role to play in this, since they can complement well-known modern sports organised by worldwide governing bodies. We need them to create additional opportunities to reach out to less physically active Europeans.

In 2013, the European Commission recognised the importance of preserving the cultural heritageoftraditionalgamesandsports.Ithasco-financedfourprojectsaimedattestinghow European-wide networks can help overcome the challenges traditional European sports and games are facing. I believe that such initiatives can have a real and sustainable impact.

Promoting traditional sports and games takes them beyond their home regions and can help them evolve. This is a wonderful way for us to build bridges between cultures through sports and games played out on fields, in parks or backyards across Europe.

Mr. Tibor Navracsics - Commissioner for Education, Culture, Youth and Sport

There’s no doubt that each and every one living in Flanders has had the opportunity at some point – be it in his or her childhood, at a school party, during a sports day, on a fair or during an activity of the youth movement or at a cultural happening – to try out one or more regional traditional sports and games. Nowadays a number of traditional sports, such as curve bowls, is gaining in popularity, especially in people older than 55. Furthermore, thanks to the easy accessibility of these sports a broad target group is attracted and reached.

Sportimonium, the home base of the Belgian sports history’s heritage, received the highest imaginable appreciation and acknowledgement for heritage management from 4

UNESCO and contains numerous collection pieces from the rich history of our Flemish traditional sports. Via the unique ‘Volkssporttuin’ (traditional sports area) and the lending service a lot of attention is given to the wealth and the diversity of traditional sports and games. I am therefore very proud to be vice-chairman of this museum.

However, we want to do more than just give an overview of the traditional sports by means of documentation and collection pieces. We really wish to keep these sports alive and see them being practised actively. That is why Bloso, the Flemish Sports Administration has not only been subsidising Sportimonium but also VlaS for many years now. VlaS accounts for 23 different sports and has around 12,000 members, so needless to say that it is a very important player within the group of ‘free time sports activity associations’.

As an umbrella organisation, VlaS receives subsidies and acts as the first point of contact for regional traditional sports. Besides an information and documentation function it also plays a guiding role and is responsible for the promotion of the traditional sports in Flanders. Rules, regulations and decrees are subject to social tendencies as well. In the future (a new decree is issued for the organised sports sector) the support of the regional traditional sports will remain an important pillar.

Not only Flanders but the whole of Europe has a rich culture of traditional sports and games. It is the task of the existing European network to stimulate international cooperation. Promoting a suchlike cooperation also means that you stimulate participation. We should not only work together, exchange knowledge and share good practices, but we should also reach out to one another and offer mutual help, irrespective of the policy level that we are working on: local, national or European. This was also the objective of this project. One of the main conclusions of this European initiative is the importance of an umbrella organisation, both on a national and European level, in order to be able to promote sports on a local level. Fortunately in Flanders, VlaS has already set an excellent example.

By broadening and intensifying the network you can leverage the possibilities to learn from each other. It goes even further than that: by coaching and guiding you can push each other to a higher level and eventually, to the ultimate goal: making sure that people keep on practicing the many European traditional sports and games.

I sincerely hope that this European project has marked the start of a continued and more intense cooperation. It is my wish that we can not only look back on the rich history of the traditional sports, but also that our children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren will still be able to experience this cultural sports heritage in the future.

Mr. Philippe Paquay - General Administrator of Bloso, Flemish Sports Administration 5

B DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT Building a network to strengthen European traditional sports In April 2013 the European Commission called to submit project proposals on promoting traditional sports and games. This proposal occurred in the framework of the preparatory action “European Partnerships in Sport”. As VlaS, the umbrella organisation for traditional sports in Flanders (Belgium), we could not let this chance pass by. In October 2013 we were selected to elaborate our project SETS with a grant from the Unit Sport (DG EAC) of the European Commission.

APPLICANT Vlaamse Traditionele Sporten vzw (VlaS), Flemish Traditional Games Association – www.vlas.be

CONTEXT Experience in the field and a significant amount of research has shown that Europe has a great diversity in traditional sports. These traditional games often reflect the cultural identity of a definite group. The diversity of the traditional games is the exponent of cultural diversity which enriches Europe. Based on years of experience, VlaS observed obstacles and difficulties in establishing a good functioning network in traditional games all over Europe, such as language barriers, the enormous heterogeneity in traditional games and a lack of structures on a national level as well as on a regional and even local level. Even today, these barriers impede intensive collaboration and therefore pose a threat to the sustainability of this rich (intangible) cultural heritage.

PURPOSES The project aimed to achieve the following objectives: 7

1.

Promoting European values such as cultural heritage, inclusiveness and solidarity. We achieved this aim by using the bottom-up approach. At each conference the participants were given the opportunity to present their traditional sport(s) or game(s) as well as the operation of their organisation.

2. Involving traditional sports and games associations in Eastern and Northern Europe: a. An elaborate overview including the contact data of traditional games organisations is

gathered in this publication. b. Organisations of traditional sports and games out of these regions participated in the conferences.

3. Helping European traditional sports and games associations in preserving and promoting their traditional sports and games: a.

Good practices based on the conference conclusions are included in this publication.

b. A website with an internet forum has been developed. The input on the forum is used as a base for the presentations on the different topics during the conferences.

4. Expanding the network of traditional sports and games associations.

a. During each of the conferences the traditional sports and games associations from Northern and Eastern Europe are given the opportunity to join the existing network (ETSGA, www.jugaje.com).

Trial of one-wall handball at the conference in Amsterdam 8

METHODOLOGY The total duration of the project was 18 months (January 2014 - June 2015).

This period was divided into three different phases: 1. Preparatory phase: information gathering a.

Identifying traditional sports and

games disciplines, associations and their contact info in Northern and Eastern Europe.

This appeared to be more difficult than expected. Especially in Eastern Europe. Although the network of the SETS-partners helped in this respect.

This explains why the first conference in Hungary was rescheduled to a later date.

b. To build an online photo-gallery to showcase the identified traditional sports.

This photo-gallery now presents 93 traditional sports and games out of Northern and Eastern Europe.

c. Encourage discussions on the internet forum in preparation of the three SETS-conferences.

The input on the forum about four themes (see Second phase) came from the newly identified traditional sports and games organisations and the SETS-partners themselves.

2. Second phase: conferences

The following conferences were held:

a.

The Netherlands (Amsterdam) from 19-21 November 2014: focused on traditional sports and games associations from Northwest Europe (Belgium, Denmark, England, Germany, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, The Netherlands, Wales). b.

Lithuania (Vilnius) from 4-6 February 2015: focused on traditional sports and games associations from Northeast Europe (Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Sweden). c.

Hungary (Martf端) from 4-6 March 2015: focused on traditional sports and games associations from Southeast Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia).

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All conferences lasted three days and had the following agenda:

• Meeting 1: introduction of every participating organisation (part 1).

• Meeting 2: introduction of every participating organisation (part 2).

• Meeting 3: presentation of the conference themes followed by a discussion (part 1).

- Theme 1: the situation of traditional sports and games within their community.

- Theme 2: strengths and weaknesses of traditional sports and games.

• Meeting 4: Presentation of the conference themes followed by a discussion (part 2)

- Theme 3: future cooperation between traditional sports and games associations.

- Theme 4: recommendations to the European Union.

• Trial of traditional sports

• Seminar:

- guest speaker

- conclusions of the four conference themes 3. The last phase: publication

a. Publication was written, published and distributed to the partners, the participants and interested persons/organisations.

b. The existing network (ETSGA) expanded and now covers a greater part of the European Union.

During the whole process, the European spirit of ‘richness in diversity’ was guarded.

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PROJECT OUTCOMES • The gathering of 41 traditional sports and games associations at the SETS conferences.

• 93 different traditional sports and games from Northern and Eastern Europe have been published in the photo gallery on the SETS website (www.europeantraditionalsportsforum.eu).

• Four associations have already joined ETSGA before the end of the project.

• The relationships between the different and similar traditional sports in Europe have been strengthened.

• People got to know the traditional sports of different regions, even within their own country.

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C CONFERENCE CONCLUSIONS During each of the three conferences four themes were discussed and conclusions were agreed upon. In this chapter we put the conclusions of all three conferences together.

1 S ituation of traditional sports and games within their community The diversity There is a big difference between the situation of traditional sports and games associations within their community. Furthermore, we see that many traditional sports are not bound to state borders. For these games the basics are the same, but the way in which the games are played is different (e.g. size of fields, sports equipment etc.). Because of this, it’s hard to unambiguously describe the place of traditional sports within their community. However, it was possible to describe the differences as below: differences between traditional sports and games associations during the first conference in Amsterdam for traditional sports from Northwest Europe

Popinjay shooting / table skittles / bar billiards … › rarely known › appreciated (but not important) › not often a tourism asset › interconnectedness os decreasing › mostly practised by elderly

Polish / Latvian games / Ritinis › rarely known › no media attention › no financial support › held by enthusiasts

Fierljeppen / hurling / human towers … › well known sport › media attention / positive image › tourism asset › part of the culture › taught in schools

Finnish baseball / traditional wrestling / Glima / gotlandic games › well known sport, part of the culture › media attention / positive image › taught in schools › lot of spectators differences between traditional sports and games associations during the second conference in Vilnius for traditional sports from Northeast Europe

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Factors that play a role in the different places that traditional sports have within their community: • There is a trend in some countries to follow a “modern (western) way of life”.

• The (political) history of the country/region.

• Strong or weak identity feeling within the region or country is a factor.

• More or less financial support and recognition by local or national authorities.

Becoming Olympic Some traditional sports associations aim to let certain games or sports become an Olympic sport. There are pros and contras about becoming Olympic. pro: the sport will be taken more seriously (recognition by the local authority is often important for funding). contra: need to be aware not to lose the identity of the sport or game due to standardisation/ professionalism.

Suggestions to improve the place of traditional sports within their community A lot of suggestions were made for the promotion of traditional sports and games: 1.

Clear arguments to convince others that traditional sports are important are needed. For example, people need to realise that they are more than just a competition. Traditional sports also mean physical activity, fun, local culture, heritage, tradition, identity, link to the region (this link supports the promotional efforts of traditional sports), festival, passion for traditional sports and have often links to local products, music and crafts.

2. Promotion via schools: • adaption of game rules and equipment are necessary for children • train teachers to initiate traditional sports • use of school-free days for playing traditional sports 3. Expansion first locally then internationally 4. Promotion through active tourism 5. Use of new media: e.g. distributing manuals and courses via the internet 6. Modernise: change rules if necessary, but with the utmost care.

7. Tell tales about traditional sports to attract (media) attention 8. Company team-building activities

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Education - involving youth Often traditional sports and games are not taught in schools. It’s an ambition of the participants to make all traditional sports form part of the educational system (see point 2 in section above).

Involving children to get to know the local ludodiversity is considered important. This can be done in different ways, for example by creating European game parks in every region or country.

Attracting new members and volunteers Some organisations experience difficulties in recruiting volunteers and (young) members. Possible solutions were put forward: • Make games more fun, create enthusiasm and focus on young people.

• Practice multiple traditional sports and integrate other elements of tradition and culture in traditional sport activities in order to create an exciting package.

Miscellaneous Furthermore, the following remarks about the place of traditional sports within the community were made: • Traditional sports are an instrument to keep the culture alive while living abroad.

• Although there is a decrease in traditional sports participation, an increasing interest in traditional sports and successful revival activities are observed.

• Many traditional sports experience a lack of recognition by authorities. Recognition of traditional sports as sports is considered important. It is therefore crucial that traditional sports form part of the EU sport policy. Even more so given that lower authorities tend to copy recognition from higher levels.

Gaël Staelens presents the themes before the start of the discussion.

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2 S trengths and weaknesses of traditional sports and games Strengths and weaknesses are different for every traditional sport (e.g. some receive a lot of media attention, others are barely known). Below an overview can be found of the strengths and weaknesses of traditional sports that were discussed as well as their threats and opportunities.

Strengths Traditional sports are: • based on enthusiastic volunteers with a passion for the game • usually not expensive • an opportunity for families • sport for all:

- Many traditional sports can be played by the whole family, even with and against each other.

- Many traditional sports can be practiced by disabled persons

- Traditional sports can be a lifetime activity from 3 to 99 years

Traditional sports can be used: • as an asset in cultural tourism • developing personal skills • to pass on joy while playing

Traditional sports contribute: • to the social health and the well-being in general • to ludodiversity: in total, traditional sports are a big and exciting sports community. traditional sports are a part of our European roots with a rich culture, history and local identity.

Similarity can be a strong point for traditional sports: • Local traditional sports meet similar games played in other countries. This has 16

Hein Comeyne (coordinator VlaS), Albert Van Der Zeijden (Scientific policy officer Dutch Centre for Intangible Heritage), James O’Driscoll (president of Bol Chumann na hEireann)

a high potential for exchange and a better knowledge of each other, hence they surely are a vehicle for close relationships between groups of citizens.

The strengths of sports help to promote the survival of traditional sports. However, awareness is needed that a strength can easily turn into a threat! e.g. traditional sports are suited for all ages (strength) ➔ young people prefer to play games among own age group (threat).

Other threats are: • standardisation • extinction

Weaknesses Weaknesses for traditional sports can include a lack: • of manuals/courses • of media attention • of funding • of permanent infrastructure available for traditional sports • of safe public places to play (e.g traffic) There are also weaknesses, as because traditional sports are: • not taken serious enough • not considered fashionable Weaknesses mostly constitute a threat for traditional sports, but can also be seen as opportunities, possibilities for improvement. e.g. the closure of public houses (weakness) ➔ opportunity to create your game in another setting (strength).

Opportunities are to: • present traditional sports as a good solution to fill in people’s leisure time • encourage more women to play traditional sports • focus traditional sports on joy while playing • share each other’s disciplines • use modern materials to make them more attractive • create children traditional sports play parks

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Traditional sports associations could also use: • the trend to embrace local traditions.

• the advantage of those traditional sports that can be practiced up to a very high age.

• the possibility to make their sport more spectator-friendly.

• modern communication techniques for promotion such as:

- creating good websites within associations and clubs.

- creating videos, graphic design, internet traditional sports game

Traditional sports associations can: • cooperate with TV channels that are interested in traditional sports events.

• offer group initiations for groups.

• present traditional sports as sport + tradition, heritage, identity, music, food, dance ...

And last but not least: traditional sports have the potential to become very popular.

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3 F uture cooperation between traditional sports and games associations During the discussions of this theme, the participating traditional sports associations mentioned a lot of different ways for them to cooperate: 1. Cooperation within an umbrella organisation has a lot of benefits, such as: • An umbrella organisation can be the voice of traditional sports.

• They are a way to get to know other traditional sports associations.

• They can stimulating cooperation between umbrella members.

• They can increase awareness about the value of traditional sports via their members.

• Umbrella organisations can put more emphasis on our mutual strengths and qualities.

• Umbrella organisations stimulate to share knowledge and (international) experiences.

• Umbrella organisations can lobby for decisions on a higher level (e.g. take actions towards European Parliament members to support a motion about traditional sports).

• Umbrella organisation members can push each other to do better.

• Umbrella organisations can make it easier for members to invite other traditional sports organisations.

• Umbrella organisation can create an internet portal for sharing information, e.g.

- links to the member associations and their sports, - information about traditional sports festivals/events.

• An umbrella organisation on a European level could be an opportunity to become a consultative NGO on traditional sports for the European Commission.

Working together with an umbrella organisations, such as the European Traditional Sports and Games Association (ETSGA), can also be a threat if the home base does not feel the advantage of being active in an umbrella organisation. Furthermore, the umbrella should cover traditional sports associations from the whole of Europe. The more because such an umbrella association can be of great importance for the safeguarding of traditional sports.

2. Cooperation by organising a traditional sports festival The organisation of a festival offers a lot of opportunities for traditional sports associations: • Festivals are an opportunity to get to know each other and get in touch with new traditional sports associations.

• Festivals are the best way to start up exchange and to make traditional sports more popular. During a festival participants get to know other traditional sports.

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• Festivals can be organised with similar traditional sports, with competitions in every variant to safeguard the specificity of each traditional sport (no standardisation).

• Participation in traditional sports-festivals makes us see that we are part of a bigger picture of traditional sports in the world.

• Festivals are a possibility to share and learn each other’s disciplines.

• Festivals motivate associations, their clubs and board members and the players.

• Festivals are attractive to the public.

• Festivals can have a link to traditional sports competitions.

• Inviting foreign traditional sports to your festival helps to get attention from politicians and media.

• Festivals are an occasion to hold a seminar at the same time and for example showcase best practices about promoting traditional sports.

Furthermore: Festivals can be interesting for cooperation with Interreg and Erasmus + projects.

A Friendship Day of European traditional sports (coordinating a traditional sports event over the whole of Europe at the same day) was suggested and found to be a very good idea.

3. Cooperation via EU projects • Working together in developing EU projects about traditional sports.

• Sharing all experiences and knowhow about EU projects.

Vilnius: “Tomas Gerve” speech about the revival of Lithuanian wrestling.

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Vilnius: enjoying a traditional Lithuanian meal

4. Cooperation through digital techniques • Making all information about traditional sports accessible: through websites, blogs, a portal, apps.

5. Other cooperation’s • Using the knowhow of traditional sports associations to help solve each other’s practical issues.

• Sending delegations of traditional sports to events and conferences of other traditional sports associations.

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4 Recommendations towards the EU The partners and participants at the three SETS conferences want to make the following recommendations to the EU:

To support • An umbrella organisation of traditional sports on a European level in order to identify, safeguard and disseminate traditional sports.

• Festivals for traditional sports organised in another region in Europe (4 year cycle) every year:

- e.g. North-West, North-East, South-West and South-East Europe,

- e.g. Create a “day of European traditional sports and games” (date probably within the European week of sports).

Remark: the chances are higher to get grants for a festival than for an umbrella structure as festivals are more visible and tangible.

Tips to promote traditional sports on the European level: • Raise the awareness of EU politicians to support traditional sports by organising a traditional sports event for EU-politicians.

• Inform the EU member states about the work that has been done in the field of traditional sports.

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To adapt a policy • To stimulate EU member states to implement the promotion of traditional sports in their policy (in the fields of physical education, health, intangible heritage ...).

- e.g. to give an official recommendation to EU member states to implement traditional sports in school education.

• To promote cooperation between traditional sports associations within EU countries or regions.

• To make sure that EU programmes also involve projects on traditional sports.

• To stimulate cooperation between traditional sports associations and universities: - interesting to create a network on different levels, to build a bridge between players and scientists. e.g. making an agenda/programme for schools.

• To regard traditional sports as an asset for sports as well for culture. As formulated in following UNESCO recommendations:

- sport: MINEPS 3, Punta del Este, Uruguay, 1999, MINEPS 4 Athens, Greece, 2004 and MINEPS 5, Berlin, Germany, 2013

- culture: UNESCO 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and the UNESCO 2005 Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions.

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D OVERVIEW OF THE PARTNERS The project leader Vlaamse Traditionele Sporten vzw Description of the association VlaS is an independent non-profit umbrella organisation of traditional sports and games recognised and subsidised by the Flemish governmental department of sports (Bloso). In total VlaS collaborates with 9 federations, 530 clubs and 12,000 members, accounting for 22 different traditional sports and games.

It aims to promote traditional sports and games and to improve the training and practice of these sports and games in Flanders and abroad. In fact it is all about the promotion of the disciplines from the member clubs, associations and federations. VlaS wants to achieve this by: • Disseminating information by publishing the magazine ‘Trend’ (10,000 copies), digital newsletter, website, flyers, leaflets and posters.

• Promoting activities from member associations and clubs.

• Giving advice to traditional sports clubs.

• Providing and following up on a high-quality insurance of sports accidents.

• Making local governments aware of the values of traditional sports and games.

Representatives: Guido Van Alsenoy - president VlaS (volunteer) Hein Comeyne - coordinator VlaS Gaël Staelens - coordinator SETS

Sports and games: buksschieten, dunne krulbol, gaaibol, golfbiljart, katapultschieten, kegelen, klepschieten, krulbol, liggende wip, staande wip, paapgooien and trabol. www.vlas.be 25

The project partners The SETS project cooperates with seven partners from different EU member states. Despite the different activities, traditional sports really connect the various organisations. Below a description of the cooperating partners: 1. Bol Chumann na hEireann (Ireland) 2. European Traditional Sports and Games Association (ETGSA) 3. Federachon Esport de Nohtra Tera (Italy) 4. Gerlev Idrætshøjskole / Gerlev Legepark (Denmark) 5. Institut Nacional d’Educacio Fisica de Catalunya (Spain) 6. Tesz-Vesz Ifjúsági és Gyermekalapítvány (Hungary) 7. Sportimonium (Belgium)

Bol Chumann na hEireann (The Irish Road Bowling Association) – Ireland Description of the association Bol Chumann na hEireann or the Irish Road Bowling Association is a traditional sports organisation that has survived social and cultural changes of passing generations.

The main activity of the organisation is road bowling. Regional, national and international competitions are held. In 2006 a new road bowling arena was built, marking an opportunity and promotion for the sport.

Representative: James O’Driscoll - president of Bol Chumann na hEireann Sports and games: Bullets/Irish road bowling www.irishroadbowling.ie

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European Traditional Sports and Games Association (ETSGA) – Europe Description of the association ETSGA is an international NGO created in 2001 after numerous international meetings. Its main aim is to promote traditional sports and games in order to safeguard, study and develop their practice for a better intercultural dialogue, an improved social health and better living. ETSGA organises and encourages international meetings and conferences to support and facilitate the exchange of information and studies, in particular in the domain of research works and educational publications.

Representative: Guy Jaouen - president of the European Traditional Sports and Games Association www.jugaje.com

Federachon Esport Nohtra Tera (FENT) – Italy Description of the association FENT is a federation of popular sports in Aosta Valley, a valley in the northwest of Italy. FENT is a sports organisation, established in January 2004 and supported by FIGEST (Italian umbrella organisation for traditional sports and games). This sports federation consists of five clubs and 250 members and coordinates associations of traditional sports that are deeply rooted in the Aosta valley, such as Palet, Fiolet, Rebatta, Tsan and Morra. The main objectives are the protection, promotion and development of traditional sports and games. In this framework FENT takes part in a school programme to make children familiar with traditional sports and games and a local programme about cultural heritage.

Representative: Rosa Falletti - secretary of FENT Games: Fiolet, Palet, Rebatta, Tsan, Moura

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Fiolet - The purpose of the game is to hit the ball on the fly as far as possible.

Palet - The game of palet is a mountain adaptation of the bowls game, from which it differs in the shape of the object launched by the palet.

Tsan - “Pertze” is the wooden pole which the “Tsan” stands on. The “Boquet” is the wooden pallet which you hit the Tsan with before it falls down.

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Rebatta - The teams of five players take turns throwing; their victory or their defeat is determined by the total points earned by each athlete after twenty launches.

Moura - In this game one has to find the sum of the numbers that are shown by the fingers of the players.

Gerlev Idrætshøjskole / Gerlev Legepark Gerlev Sports Academy and PlayPark – Denmark Description of the association This sports centre works with recent developments and promotes health-enhancing physical activity. Researchers from the institute of research in sports, health and civil society are also situated within the academy. The aim of the international sports games park is to convert the theoretical knowledge into practice. To that end the centre uses traditional sports as a pedagogical tool, which since the 1990s has led to an increasing engagement for popular sports and traditional games in Denmark. The purpose of the PlayPark is to influence the existing and future physical culture in our global society by means of traditional games. The PlayPark is part of the Gerlev Sports Academy, where students are trained in traditional games from Denmark and Europe.

Representative: Artur Stryjak - day-to-day manager of the Gerlev PlayPark Games: The traditional sports are divided into five main categories: 1. Ball and throwing games 2. Finding and catching games 3. Strength and flexibility games 4. Battle and race games 5. Historical games from Denmark and Europe www.gerlev.dk

Children playing games at Gerlev PlayPark 29

Institut Nacional d’Educació Fisica de Catalunya (INEFC)/ National Institute of physical Education – Spain Description of the association The National institute of Physical Education of Catalonia is an autonomous institution of the Government of Catalonia, attached to the Ministry of the Presidency through the General Secretariat of Sports. The university was founded in 1982 with a clear willingness to be considered as one of the leaders in training and research in the field of physical activity and sports in Spain and abroad.

Representative: Pere Lavega - professor at INEFC The use of traditional sports at the university: • Learning to identify the internal logic of traditional games.

• Observing and interpreting data from traditional sports and games situations.

• Designing and applying experiences in different contexts. www.inefc.cat/inefc/AppPHP/main.php?id_pagina=317 learning skills through traditional sports and games at the University of Lleida

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Tesz-Vesz Ifjúsági és Gyermekalapítvány/TeszVesz Youth and Children Foundation – Hungary Description of the association Tesz-Vesz Child and Youth Foundation is a public interest organisation and was established in 1993 in Szolnok. The aim of the foundation is to preserve cultural heritage, promote equal opportunities for disadvantaged groups and strengthen Euro-Atlantic integration. This is achieved by: • educating and training, • supporting individual and community initiatives and activities of disadvantaged children and youngsters, • preserving traditional crafts, • passing on traditional folk and sports games to children and youngsters, • cooperating on a national and international level in the framework of events and programmes highlighting cultural diversity, • encouraging and promoting the preservation of cultural traditions on international and national/regional levels, • keeping equal opportunities in mind.

Tesz-Vesz regularly participates in local events with traditional games and crafts programmes and also offers a folk games master course.

Representatives: Istvan Bali - vice-president of Tesz-Vesz Youth and Child Foundation Sándor Mátyus - president of Tesz-Vesz Youth and Child Foundation Cecília László - employee of Europe direct Szolnok Hungarian games played at Tesz-Vesz: Beanbag-throwing, Cuman shoving, Snail or Puli-run, Waggle www.teszvesz-alapitvany.eu

Cecília László represented Tesz-Vesz at the SETS conference in Vilnius.

Istvan Bali and Sándor Mátyus at the information market in Martfü.

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Beanbag-throwing

Cuman shoving

Snail or Puli-run

Waggle

Part of the permanent exhibition about traditional sport at Sportimonium 32

Sportimonium vzw - Belgium Description of the association Sportimonium, the sports museum of Flanders, was founded in 1985. Sportimonium systematically involved itself with the national sporting heritage as a whole in its (inter)national context.

What makes Sportimonium exceptional within the international context is the attention paid to the often centuries-old, yet still much alive, movement culture of traditional games not only in Flanders/Belgium but even worldwide.

After a long period of preparation and the composing a representative collection Sportimonium opened its doors to the public in 2004. Now it is recognized and subsidized by the Flemish government on a national level. It is housed in a classified monument located in a governmental public park with sports facilities. Besides the permanent exhibitions on the history of movement culture and the Olympic Games there are the active elements like the sportslab with the installation ‘Measuring up with athletes’, the division of traditional pub games and the traditional games garden. Sportimonium runs also a documentation centre annex library and a network of loan service of traditional games equipment.

Sportimonium was awarded several times. It won the Museum Prize for Flanders (2007), the Flemish Sports Merit Prize (2010) and the Flemish award for cultural heritage (2012). Furthermore the museum was put in 2012 on the list of best practices by Unesco (Convention 2003, Intangible Cultural Heritage). Number of staff is 17 people.

Representative: Erik De Vroede - conservator at Sportimonium Traditional sports activities at the museum: traditional sports playgarden, traditional sports lending service, traditional sports part of permanent exhibition www.sportimonium.be

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E OVERVIEW OF THE PARTICIPANTS Conference Northwest Europe: Amsterdam The first conference of the SETS-project took place from 19-21 November 2014in the Park Plaza Airport Hotel Amsterdam. This conference was meant for traditional sports and games from Northwest Europe. Below you can find an overview of the participating organisations.

1 All England Bar Billiards Association – UK (England) Description of the association The All England Bar Billiards Association is the national body that coordinates and controls all aspects of the game (bar billiards) and leagues throughout all England, but mostly in the South of England. The game is promoted through the website of the association, the maintenance of a forum and the publication of a bar billiards map of the UK on their website. This map shows all the venues in the UK with bar billiard tables. The sport is not recognised as a sport by the national sports council.

Representative: Chris Saville - Associate AEBBA officer Games: bar billiards www.aebba.org.uk

Chris Saville, associate AEBBA officer at the SETS conference in Amsterdam

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2 European board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Ireland) Description of the association The GAA is the world governing body for Gaelic games. Values such as community identity, amateur status, inclusiveness, respect, player welfare and teamwork are highly rated. The mission of the GAA is to strengthen a community-based volunteer organisation by promoting Gaelic games, culture and lifelong participation. The association in Ireland is very strong with over 2,500 clubs and 20% of the population being a member. In Europe (excluding Ireland and UK) there were 70 clubs with more than 5,000 players in 2014.

The GAA is very structured. A major strength is that all the profits that the GAA makes are reinvested in the association.

There is an official guide with all the GAA activities, being: • club and regional representation at national level, • tens of thousands of games and events annually, • local and national competitions for all ages, • national coaching and development structures.

Representative: Joseph Whelan - development officer of the European board of the GAA Games: Gaelic football (Peil or Caid) & ladies Gaelic football, hurling (iománíocht) and camogie, GAA rounders and GAA handball www.europegaa.eu 36

3 European community of historic guilds (Europe) Description of the association The European community of historic guilds is an umbrella organisation consisting of 17 federations, 2,675 clubs and about one million members spread over ten European countries. The common goal is to strengthen the bond between all European citizens by understanding each other’s multi-coloured traditions and respecting the mutual differences.

Various kinds of shooting competitions take place during regional festivals, which are to be held with the regional characteristics. In Germany for example, it is common to shoot a wooden bird.

Every three years a big European festival takes place, whereby members from all over Europe get together. Since 2004, the European community of historic guilds have been on the list of intangible heritage in Belgium, Netherlands and Germany.

Representative: Gerard Van Uem - Secretary of the EGS in Northwest Europe Games: shooting games (buksschieten) www.e-g-s.eu

4 German Gorodki Association (Germany) Description of the association The German Gorodki Association is a non-profit organisation whose purpose it is to promote sport, education, vocational training, including youth and student aid, international attitude, tolerance in all areas of culture and international understanding. Gorodki is a traditional Eastern European throwing game. The aim of the game is to knock out groups of skittles arranged in various patterns by throwing a bat at them.

The association participates in international forums, national tournaments, European championships and world championships of Gorodki. The sport is promoted by organising open trials and support integration through sports programs.

Representative: Elena Bier - former athlete and promotor of the German Gorodki Association Games: gorodki www.gorodki.de 37

5 German Shuffleboard Association e.V. (Germany) Description of the association The German Shuffleboard Association (GSA) is a non-profit organisation recognised by the German law. The purpose of the GSA is to promote the international relationships. The activities of the German Shuffleboard Association are: • organising local, national and international championships, • coaching and training of players, • providing infrastructure and attracting media attention, • participating in events of other organisations.

Representative: Heinz-Dieter Hussmann - president of the German Shuffleboard Association Games: shuffleboard www.shuffleboarder.de

6 Koninklijke Nederlandse Kaatsbond/Royal Dutch Throw-Back Association (The Netherlands) Description of the association The Royal Dutch Throw-Back Association is a federation of 120 clubs and has about 14,000 members. The federation employs five persons (they receive a salary). The main activities of the association include organising competitions, coaching and training and managing the regulations. The federation is also linked to the ‘Kaatsmuseum’, a museum dedicated to the game.

Representative: Henk Haar - trainer at the Nederlandse Kaatsbond Games: kaatsen/throw-back www.knkb.nl

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7 Mixed Summer Table Skittles League (UK, England) Description of the association The Mixed Summer Table Skittles League is a federation of 4 clubs with a total of 300 members located in Leicester, England. The game is unique for this region. The intention of the league is to raise awareness about the game throughout England and potentially other countries. The federation tries to promote its game by contacting breweries for sponsorships.

Representative: Alan Tratt - secretary and original founder of the Mixed Summer Table Skittles League Games: table skittles www.tableskittles.co.uk

8 Nederlandse Fierljep Bond (The Netherlands) Description of the association The Dutch Fierljep Federation consists of 11 clubs and 600 members, active in the provinces of Friesland, Utrecht and South Holland. The aim of the association is to preserve, maintain and promote fierljeppen in the Netherlands. Annually 140 official competitions are organised, which attract 100,000 spectators and about 9,000 recreational participants.

Representative: Pieter Bult - president of the Dutch Fierljep Federation Games: fierljeppen www.nederlandsefierljepbond.nl

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9 Scottish Highland Games Association (UK, Scotland) Description of the association The Scottish Highland Games Association is the governing sports body for Scottish Highland games. The association organises 60 member events in which over 500 athletes compete every year, with an estimate of 150,000 spectators. The aim is to maintain and develop a legacy of Highland Games traditions that date back to over a thousand years. This by taking care of their members and competitors, attracting a wider audience and cooperating with key partners that can make a difference.

Representative: Charles Murray - president of the Scottish Highland Games Association Games: caber toss, stone put, Scottish hammer throw, weight throw, weight over the bar, sheaf toss www.shga.co.uk

10 Sevenoaks & District Bat & Trap League (UK, England) Description of the association The Sevenoaks Bat & Trap league is a federation that consists of 13 clubs and has approximately 100 members. Bat & trap is an English bat & ball pub game that is traditionally played in Kent (UK). The common goal of the federation is having fun whilst preserving the tradition within the community. Annually they organise a county challenge which is currently contested between the winners of the bar bat & trap leagues in Kent. The sport is promoted via the website, magazine articles, local newspapers etc.

Representative: Kieran Murray - chairman of the Sevenoaks & District Bat & Trap League Games: bat & trap www.batandtrap.org.uk

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11 UK Dodgeball Association Description of the association The UK Dodgeball Association was founded in 2005. It is the National Governing Body for Dodgeball in the UK. The association is responsible for all regulatory aspects of the sport in the UK. The mission of the association is the development, delivery and promotion of the sport of Dodgeball throughout the UK. The target for the future is the growth of the sport of Dodgeball within all age groups. The sport is promoted by partnerships with local/national media, social media, newspapers and online broadcasts. Competitions take place on club, regional, national and international level.

Representative: Mo Islam - chairperson of the UK dodgeball association Games: dodgeball www.ukdba.org

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Conference Northeast Europe: Vilnius The second conference of the SETS project took place from 4-6 February 2015in the Holiday Inn Hotel in Vilnius. This conference was meant for traditional sports and games from Northeast Europe. Below you can find an overview of the participating organisations.

(from left to right): Vytautas Vainys (Deputy director general of the department of physical education and sport of the republic of Lithuania), Arturas Vileita (president Lithuania’s National Wrestling Federation), Gintautas Vileita (president United World Wrestling’s, World Belt Wrestling Committee) and Rimantas Bagdonas ( Lithuania’s Parliament’s sport and culture committee’s consultant)

1 Estonian Kiiking Federation (Estonia) Description of the association The Estonian Kiiking Federation consists of two clubs and has 60 members.

The most important goal of the association is the popularisation of kiiking through the organisation of promotional events and competitions, which mainly take place on regional level. Furthermore the association restores and maps old kiiking places. Some Estonian companies promote kiiking as entertainment to sell swings, which also attracts attention to the sport.

Representative: Ants Tamme - director of the Estonian Kiiking Federation Games: kiiking www.kiiking.ee

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2 Estonian Sports Museum (Estonia) Description of the association The Estonian Sports Museum was founded in 1963 and is situated in Tartu.

It is the central museum for Estonian sports, sport culture and sport history.

The main goal of the Estonian Sports Museum is to collect, preserve and examine materials about physical culture and sports related to the history of Estonia and its people, and to present them to the public. To that end the museum regularly organises exhibitions, seminars and conferences. It also publishes materials and offers entertainment activities to children.

Representative: Kalle Voolaid - research Secretary at the Estonian Sports museum Games: tug of war, old strongmen www.spordimuuseum.ee

3 Föreningen Gutnisk Idrott (associations of Gotland sports/Sweden) Description of the association Föreningen Gutnisk Idrott an umbrella organisation for 10 clubs and 2,434 members, active in the Gotland region of Sweden. The aim of the association is to maintain the old Gotlandic sports and games. The main activity is the annual organisation of the folk festival Stångaspelen in July, where all the different Gotlandic games take place. The other activities of the association include arranging small park competitions, organising demonstrations and try-outs for children, companies and tourists, and educating school teachers in sports and games. So far, it is not a member of the Swedish Sports Confederation yet.

Representative: Olof Thomsson - economic responsible of Föreningen Gutnisk Idrott Games: varpa (national level), pärk (regional level) and arena sports (regional level). www.laget.se/fgi, www.stangaspelen.com

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4 Latvian traditional games and Ethnosport Association (Latvia) Description of the association The Latvian traditional games and Ethnosport Association was founded in August 2014 and does not have any members yet. The roots of the association can be found in traditional wrestling styles, but it has the potential to cover more games, such as novuss, motobols and medieval tournaments. The association has a manifold approach, but there are three main directions that can be identified: 1. Sports originated in Latvia 2. Modern trends 3. Ethnographical reconstructions (based on research) The focus of the association is on national identity, cultural diversity and outdoor physical activities. Furthermore, the association aims to develop and implement traditional sports programs in schools and other public bodies.

Representative: Dmitrijs Ščegolevs - president of the Latvian traditional games and Ethnosport Association Games: traditional wrestling styles

5 Lithuanian Ritinis Sport Federation (Lithuania) Description of the association The Lithuanian Ritinis federation consists of 6 clubs and has approximately 100 members. The aim of the association is to: raise awareness about Ritinis, cultivate traditions, make Ritinis more popular, maintain health and fitness, create friendships.

The federation wants to achieve these aims by organising championships, educating ritinis at schools, participating in (music) festivals to demonstrate ritinis etc.

Representative: Edgaras Diržius - member of the Lithuanian ritinis sport federation and president of the Kaunas club “Aisčiai” Games: ritinis www.ritinis.lt

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6 Palant Cyprzanow (Poland) Description of the association Palant Cyprzanow is a Polish sports club. The typical Polish sport, called palant, is also popular in Germany, but there it is called Schlagball. The aims of the association are: • training young people and teaching them the palant rules.

• Introducing palant in schools, • building relationships with other Polish palant ball associations, • international exchange of ideas with other similar associations in order to establish a European federation of bat and ball sports.

This is achieved by making the sport popular among youth, promoting palant in local and public media, organising national and international competitions and establishing international relations.

Representative: Adam Kondys - representative of palant Cyprzanow Games: palant www.schlagball-cyprzanow.freehost.pl

7 Suomen Pesäpalloliitto (Finland) Description of the association Suomen Pesäpalloliitto or the Finnish Baseball Association was founded in 1932 and consists of about 200 active sports clubs, 1,000 teams and 15,200 players. The goal of the association is to give everyone the opportunity to play Finnish baseball and to offer competent and high-quality club activities. The association organises a national competition for men, women and youngsters. The promotion is done by marketing company Superpesis Oy and there is also a TV deal with channel four.

Representative: Arto Ojaniemi - executive director of the Finnish baseball Association Games: pesäpalloliitto (Finnish baseball) www.pesis.fi

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8 Svenska Budo & Kampsportsfรถrbundet (Sweden) Description of the association The Swedish Martial Arts Federation belongs to the Svenska Budo & Kampsportsfรถrbundet. The federation contains 23 combat sports that originate from all over the world. The only Nordic game is Glima, which is the traditional style of wrestling in the Malmรถ and Stockholm region.

The associations receive financial support from the Swedish sport federation, which allows the Swedish Glima team to compete internationally with other traditional wrestling styles as well as to do training seminars.

Representative: Lars Magnar Enoksen - chairman of the Svenska Kampsportsfรถrbundet Games: glima www.budokampsport.se

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9 The Icelandic Glima Association (Iceland) Description of the association The Icelandic Glima Association is a national federation of the National Olympic and Sports Association of Iceland. Together with several regional sports unions it has about 400 wrestlers.

International activity is sparse with a few small groups, not recognised by their national organisations. Only Iceland and Sweden are an exception here. The aim is practicing, maintaining and evolving Glima. It is a unique form of wrestling where wrestlers are upright and in a constant movement with hands holding fixed grips and special glima belts. The sport is promoted in elementary schools during sports lessons. The association has a homepage and the championships are organised in public places in order to get more attention. However, despite all the effort, the media attention of glima is decreasing.

Representative: David Lundholm - international representative and Glima trainer in Stockholm Games: Icelandic glima http://www.glima.is/

10 The Swedish Varpa Association (Sweden) Description of the association The Swedish Varpa Association consists of about 60 clubs and has 2,000 members, mostly active in the island of Gotland in Sweden. The aim is to develop varpa and to start an international Varpa federation one day. Every year a Swedish championship is organised for all varpa players.

The association is recognised by the national government and also receives funding, mostly from the municipalities where they belong.

Representative: Kim Niklas Ådefjäll Arnoldsson - member of the Swedish Varpa Association Games: varpa www.varpa.se

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11 United World Wrestling’s World Belt Wrestling Committee (Lithuania) Description of the association The United World Wrestling’s World Belt Wrestling Committee is an umbrella organisation that consists of several wrestling federations, such as the International Federation of Wrestling on Belts, and is active in more than 20 European countries. This international federation was established in 2002. Its aim is to: • pass on national heritage, especially knowledge of and experience in national wrestling, • display activeness and advantages and show the importance of national wrestling and promote it all over the world, • take care of the health and psychological strength of the offspring, • support friendly relationships among countries.

The association promotes the sport by: cooperating with TAFISA, involving traditional wrestling in international high level competitions, holding European championships and festivals, participating in exhibitions and constantly organising symposiums, conferences, festivals, training courses for athletes etc.

Representatives: Gintautas Vileita - president of FILA, World Belt Wrestling Committee (WBWC) Arturas Vileita - president of the Lithuanian Traditional Wrestling Federation and advisor to the president WBWC Games: belt wrestling, traditional Lithuanian wrestling www.fila-official.com

12 U niversity school of Physical Education, Laboratory of Traditional Sports and Ethnology of Sports (Poland) Description of the association The University school of Physical Education, Laboratory of Traditional Sports and Ethnology of Sports has already done a significant amount of research and published (theoretical) works about traditional sports.

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The main theoretical goals of the institution are: • Conducting research on Polish and foreign traditional sports and games.

• Writing publications on this subject in Polish and English.

• Participating in scientific conferences, projects and seminars.

• Running theoretical classes for students about subjects such as ethnology of sports and so on.

Next to all the writing, there are also some typically practical (applied) activities related to traditional sports, plays and games that are organised such as: • The reconstruction and promotion of selected Polish traditional sports and games.

• Physical education in schools.

• Games and sports as an element of work with the elderly, family integration, recreation and health education.

• Promoting traditional sports during festivals and other events.

• Promotion of Polish traditional sports games at the World Sport For All Games.

The situation nowadays is not that easy. The university is constantly trying to persuade authorities that the humanistic and socio-cultural context, functions, roles and meanings of traditional sports are very valuable.

Representative: Bartosz Prabucki - PhD student, doctoral candidate in the Department of Olympism and Ethnology of Sports, University School of Physical Education, Poznán, Poland Games: pierścieniówka/ringnetball, kapela, palant http://www.awf.poznan.pl/tir-sporty-tradycyjne

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13 VM I Kubb Rone Golk (Sweden) Description of the association VM I Kubb is a voluntary sports association which organises the world championships in Kubb every year and is originally from the island of Gotland, Sweden. The promotion of Kubb is done through the website, a Facebook page and announcements in the local media. By the local authorities, Kubb is seen as a game and not a sport and is therefore not recognised as a sport either.

Representative: Bibbi Olson Games: kubb www.vmkubb.com

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Conference Southeast Europe: Martfü The last conference of the SETS project took place from 4-6 March 2015 in the Martfü Termál SPA hotel. This conference was meant for traditional sports and games from Southeast Europe. Below you can find an overview of the participating organisations.

1 Baranta Traditional Hungarian Martial Arts Association (Hungary) Description of the association The Baranta Traditional Hungarian Martial Arts Association consists of 45 teams and is practiced by about 1,500-2,000 athletes. There are teams in almost every region, but the sport is practiced mostly in Budapest and in the northwest counties. The aim of the association is to: • preserve and develop Baranta, • make folk games more popular and known, • form part of the educational system, • join international projects and organisations.

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The association wants to achieve these aims by organising various activities such as competitions, talent research about folk culture for the youth (music, dance, singing, tale-telling), cultural events (national and international), handicraft market, display of inventions, lectures, exhibitions, annual Baranta meeting and training camp, taking part in social events (e.g. weddings) etc.

Representative: Máté Fekete - member Baranta Traditional Hungarian Martial Arts Association Games: belt-wrestling, böllön, méta, bige www.baranta.org

2 Czech and Slovakia Sling Shooters (Czech Republic) Description of the association The Czech and Slovakia sling shooters organise sling shooter tournaments in the Czech Republic and Slovakia at three different levels: local, masters and international.

Representative: Uller Jaroslav - president of the Czech and Slovakia sling shooters Games: sling shooting (Praku in Czech) www.prakiada.cz

3 Czech Association of Table Hockey Players (Czech Republic) Description of the association The Czech Association of Table Hockey players was founded in 1991. It has 8 teams and about 100 members. Two teams are for adults and the others are mainly for children and youngsters.

There are team and individual competitions on a regional, national and international level. The main part of the activities has to do with billiard-hockey, but a number of other table hockey games are integrated as well.

Representative: Jakub Hasil - secretary of the Czech association of table hockey players Games: table hockey (šprtec) www.most.billiardhockey.cz

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4 Ethnosport World Society (Russia) Description of the association The Ethnosport World Society is an umbrella organisation located in Russia that consists of 32 federations and about 300 clubs. The association addresses the present through the past, i.e. through the traditional games of the people. It opens a way to the future by preserving a cultural heritage that consists of an even greater diversity of games. During national holiday festivals the programme includes various traditional styles of physical activity.

Representative: Alexey Kylasov - president of the Ethnosport world society www.ethnosport.com

5 Hungarian Shuttlecock Association (Hungary) Description of the association The Hungarian shuttlecock association was founded in 1995 and consists of 15 clubs. It has about 500 members. The association is the framework of shuttlecock clubs for the organisation of championships and also wishes to generate and maintain international relationships. The aim of the association is to popularise the sport of shuttlecock, coordinate shuttlecock events, promote a healthy and active lifestyle, strengthen international relations and improve the non-profit organisation. Also cultural programmes and professional exchanges play an important role in the association.

Representative: FehĂŠr JĂĄnos - secretary-general of the Hungarian Shuttlecock Association Games: shuttlecock www.labtoll.hu

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6 International Council of Organisations for Festivals, Folklore and Traditional Arts (Bulgaria) Description of the association The International Council of Organisations for Festivals, Folklore and Traditional Arts (CIOFF) is a non-governmental organisation and official partner of UNESCO. It was created in 1970. The aim of CIOFF is to safeguard, promote and diffuse the traditional culture and folklore. The worldwide membership covers 89 countries around the world, with 69 national sections, 11 associate members and 30 corresponding members. The activities of the national section of CIOFF Bulgaria include the organisation of: • a national meeting/ seminar of choreographers in Bulgaria • an international folklore festival in Bulgaria • participation of Bulgarian folklore groups in the international folklore festivals • national review of the folklore ensembles in Bulgaria • international projects Representative: Ralitsa Kareva - member of CIOFF Bulgaria Games: Bulgarian folklore dancing www.cioff-bulgaria.com

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7 International Sectorball Federation (Hungary) Description of the association The International Sectorball federation consists of 200 clubs and has about 12,000 members.

The game, founded in 1910, is a soccer imitation game which is played within families, friends, circles of friends, clubs or associations. The federation has been doing the following in order to promote the sport: • Showing the sport all around the world.

• Demonstrating and popularising the game during leisure time, cultural and youth events.

• It has an own museum about the history of the game, from the traditional folk game until it became a professional sport.

• The creation of a multilingual website.

• Cooperation with the faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science of the Semmelweis University.

• Helping and promoting partners with different traditional games.

Representative: Istvan Martonfi - member of the International Sectorball Association Games: sectorball (Szektorlabda) www.gombfoci.hu

8 Public Benefit Organization of the city of Kavala (Greece) Description of the association In 2014, the Public Benefit Organisation of the city of Kavala implemented the European project “Europe is our playground”. It formed part of the preparatory action “European partnership on sports”, priority 3 “promoting traditional European sports and games”.

The most important aims of the project are: • The creation of a strong network of partners from European cities with similar characteristics and a deep, cultural and athletic tradition.

• Establishing a sound research agenda about traditional European sports and games, implement the revival of selected ones and support a promotional activity, not only for the one year period of the project execution, but longer in order to ensure its continuity and further strategic development.

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The organisation wants to achieve this by writing research reports, recording 116 older peoples’ verbal stories about their memories, organising a culture-sports festival, conferences, exhibitions, workshops, competitions, internet games, project meetings, publication of a photo-album etc.

Representative: Vassiliki Zafeiria Ypsilanti - executive manager of the development & environment department www.euplayground.org

Trial of Baranta at the conference in MartfĂź 56

9 Romanian Oina Federation (Romania) Description of the association The Romanian Oina Federation was founded in 1932 as the national structure for Oina in Romania. The federation consists of 50 affiliated sports organisations and has about 2,000 members.

The main activity of the federation is to organise over 40 annual national competitions (both genders, all ages) and to provide school support and prizes for participants. The federation also took part in many activities with the purpose of internationalising and encountering similar sports.

Representative: Nicolae Dobre - president of the Romanian Oina federation Games: oina www.froina.ro

10 Romanian Sport Association of Tzurca (Romania) Description of the association The Romanian Sport Association of Tzurca is active in the Maramures county in Romania. Competitions are held on regional level. Every year one championship, two tournaments and two to three contests are organised. The association organises demonstrative matches in different counties in Romania as well.

Representative: Adrian Barlea - president of the Romanian Tzurca Association Games: tzurca www.wordpress.com

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F OVERVIEW OF TRADITIONAL SPORTS AND GAMES from Northern and Eastern Europe regrouped alphabetically per country

Austria 1 Fitschigogerl Organisation: Austrian Fitschigogerl www.oefic.at

Demonstration of Fitschigogerl

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2 Ranggeln Organisation: Salzburger Rangglerverband www.volkskultur.org/piesendorf/rangglerverband.htm

Ranggeln, a popular form of wrestling

Belgium (Flanders) 1 Buksschieten Organisation: Federatie van Vlaamse Historische Schuttersgilden www.vlaamseschuttersgilden.be

2 Dunne krulbol http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunne_krulbol

3 Gaaibol Information flyer: www.vlas.be/vlaspdf/infofolders/gaaibol.pdf

4 Golfbiljart Organisation: Belgische golfbiljartbond www.golfbiljart.be 60

Buksschieten (musket shooting) is a traditional shooting sport, often practiced or presented with traditional costumes.

It is also famous in Germany, the Netherlands and Austria.

Dunne krulbol - A man who rolls the ball towards a stake.

The balls (krulbollen) are only half the size of the normal balls.

They are flatter too.

Gaaibol - Blocks at the end of a sloping alley have to be knocked down by bowls.

Golfbiljart - A variation of normal billiards, played between two players or teams.

Kaatsen - Player tries to hit the ball with his palm over a boundary at the opposite side.

Also popular in Wallonia (balle pelote). Different playing field than the Fries kaatsen (The Netherlands).

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5 Kaatsen (throw-back) Organisation: Kaatsentiteit Vlaanderen vzw www.vleugelvlaanderen.be

6 Katapultschieten (catapult-shooting) Organisation: Vlaamse katapultbond www.vlaamsekatapultbond.be

7 Kegelen (skittle game) 8 Klepschieten Organisation: Schuttersverstandshouding Zand-Leemstreek www.verbondzandenleemstreek.be

Katapultschieten - Man and woman stretching the catapult, a small hand-powered projectile weapon.

Kegelen - A woman tries to throw the skittles down with a ball.The games is usually played with nine skittles.

The alley differs from region to region.

Klepschieten - The shooter diagonally points to a target with a carbine (size of a 2 euro coin).

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9 Krachtbal Organisation: Vlaamse Krachtbal Federatie vzw www.krachtbal.be

10 Krulbol Organisation: Belgische krulbolbond www.krulbol.be

Krachtbal - A ball game played between two teams of four players.

Krulbol - A lady who rolls the round.

11 Liggende wipschieten (horizontal popinjay shooting) Organisation: Vlaamse Boogsportfederatie Liggende Wip vzw www.vbflw.be A boy shooting at the horizontal rake.

A row of horizontal rakes. The game is also known in Slovenia.

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12 Paapgooien member of ETSGA via VlaS nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paapgooien

A man throws a disk to a pole (the ‘paap’) from 8 metres.

The materials for ‘paapgooien’ are some disks, a pole (the ‘paap’) and coins.

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13 Staande wipschieten (vertical popinjay shooting) Organisation: Koninklijke Nationale Bond der Belgische Wipschutters www.knbbw-frnab.tk

Longbow archery vertical pole.

14 trabol Organisation: West-Vlaamse Trabolders federatie www.westvlaamsetrabolders.net

Trabol is played on a long hollow lane of 18 metres.

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Croatia 1 Jeu de crosse

Three men playing jeu de crosse.

2 Picigin www.picigin.org

A man playing Picigin, he needs to prevent the ball from touching the water.

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Czech Republic 1 Šprtec (Billiard hockey) Organisation: Billiard Hockey Club Most www.most.billiard-hockey.cz

Billiard hockey demonstration by children.

2 Národní házená (Czech National handball) Organisation: Czech Union of national handball www.svaznarodnihazene.cz

Czech National Handball 67

Denmark 1. Keglebillard (skittle billiard) Organisation: ASAA Billardklub www.asaabillard.dk

Danish skittle billiard, a traditional cue game from Denmark.

2. Krolf www.krolf.dk

A man playing krolf, a sport between croquet and golf.

3. Ring Riding Organisation: Ringriderfesten i Sønderborg www.ringriderfesten.dk

A man aims the tip of his lance through the ring while riding a horse. This sport is also known in Germany and the Netherlands.

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Estonia 1 Bandy Organisation: The Bandy Federation of Estonia www.hot.ee/estbandy

A team sport played on an ice field as big as a football pitch.

2 Kiiking Organisation: Estonian kiiking association www.kiiking.ee

A woman kiiking on the swing.

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Finland 1 Suomen Tikkaurheilulajit (Finnish darts) Organisation: The Finnish darts sport association www.tikkaurheilu.fi

Men playing Finnish darts.

2 Kyykk채 Organisation: Suomen Kyykk채liitto www.kyykkaliitto.fi

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The Finnish champion of Kyykk채 in 2003, also known as Finnish skittles.

Germany 1 Eisstockschiessen (ice stick sport) Organisation: Deutscher Eisstockverband E.V. www.eisstock-verband.de

Competitors slide ice sticks over an ice surface, aiming for a target, or to cover the longest distance.

This sport is similar to curling but has its own focus.

2 Fingerhakler (Finger wrestling) movie: https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=dE6HyNdrCOM (keyword: finger wrestling chamionships) Two men playing finger wrestling at the Fingerhakler Championships in Reichertshofen.

3 Gorodki Organisation: German Gorodki Association www.gorodki.de

The aim of gorodki is to knock out groups of skittles arranged in various patterns by throwing a bat at them.

A sport popular in Scandinavian countries and Germany.

4 Historischer Sch端tzen (historic guilds) Organisation: Bund der Historischen Deutschen Sch端tzenbruderschaften e.V. European Community of historic guilds www.bund-bruderschaften.de www.e-g-s.eu The muskets keep shooting competitions in traditional costumes.

Also famous in The Netherlands, Belgium and Austria.

71

5 Klootschiessen (road bowling) Organisation: Friessische Klootschiesser Verband www.klootschiessen.de

Klootschiessen is a throwing sport whereby participants, usually divided into two teams, try to throw a weighted ball (the kloot) as far as possible. In some regions in Germany it is called Bosseln. This traditional sport is also popular in Ireland (road bowling), The Netherlands (klootschieten) and Italy.

6 Novuss Organisation: Novuss Verband Germany www.novuss-verband.de

A child playing Novuss, a sport related to pocket billiard.

A traditional game famous in latvia.

72

7 Ringtennis Organisation: Deutsche Ringtennis www.ringtennis.de

A man catches the ring.

8 Shuffleboard Organisation: German Shuffleboard Association e.V. www.shuffleboarder.de

4 people who are ready to start playing shuffleboard.

73

Greece 1 Pangration Organisation: Hellenic pangration athlima federation www.pangration.org

Pangration, a traditional martial art of great value in terms of Greek cultural heritage. An extreme combat sport in which contestants are permitted to use the fighting techniques of wrestling and boxing but also those of martial arts such as kickboxing, judo and karate.

74

Hungary 1 Botolo demonstration: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqgLoTahxXQ (keyword: cigany botolo)

Botolo, a traditional Hungarian stick dance

2 Futòméta Organisation: National Baranta Association www.baranta.org

Youngsters playing the Hungarian ballgame Futòméta.

75

3 Horseback Archery Organisation: Kassai Horse Archery School www.lovasijaszat.hu

The archer shoots with a bow while riding on horseback. A traditional sport also known in Poland, England, Sweden, Finland and Germany.

4 Shuttlecock Organisation: Hungarian Shuttlecock Association www.labtoll.hu

Youngsters Playing a shuttlecock game.

5 Szektorlabda (sectorball) Organisation: Hungarian sectorball Association www.gombfoci.hu

Demonstration of Hungarian sectorball.

76

Ireland 1 Irish Road bowling Irish Road Bowling Association/ Boll Chumann na hEireann www.irishroadbowling.ie

A man tries to throw a metal ball as far as possible. This traditional sport is also known in certain region within the Netherlands (klootschieten), Germany (klootschiessen), and Italy.

2 Camogie Organisation: The Camogie Association www.camogie.ie

Camogie, the female version of Hurling.

77

3 Gaelic Football (Peil or Caid in Gaelic) Organisation: Gaelic Athletic Association www.gaa.ie demonstration: www.youtube.com/watch? v=TEAbWrdB9XU (keyword: gaelic football) Kick passing in Gaelic football.

4 Gaelic Handball Organisation: GAA Handball www.gaahandball.ie demonstration: https://vimeo.com/119552488

Hitting a ball with a hand or fist against a wall.

5 Horseshoes Pitchers Organisation: Horseshoe Pitchers association of Ireland http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseshoes

Horseshoes and throwing targets, the materials necessary to play horseshoes.

78

6 Hurling (IomĂĄnĂ­ocht in Gaelic) Organisation: Gaelic Athletic Association www.gaa.ie demonstration: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8i3-Qk7FNeQ (keyword: hurling)

A man is focusing himself on touching the ball (sliator) with a hurley.

7 Rounders Organisation: GAA Rounders www.gaarounders.ie

Demonstration of rounders, a bat and ball game different from baseball.

79

Latvia 1 Novuss/Koroona Organisation: Latvian Novuss Federation www.novuss-lnf.lv

A family playing Novuss

Lithuania 1 Ritinio Organisation: Lietuvos Ritinio Federacija www.ritinis.lt Demonstration: https://www. youtube.com/watch?v= kGRtOM0rzY4&feature= youtu.be (keyword: Lietuviško ritinio)

Demonstration of Ritinio, Lithuanian hockey.

80

The Netherlands 1 Beugelen Organisation: Nederlandse Beugel Bond www.beugelen.nl

A girl who is ready to move the ball with a wooden shovel.

2 Buksschieten Organisation: Noordbrabantse Federatie van Schuttersgilden www.schuttersgilden.nl Buksschieten is a traditional shooting sport.

It is often played with traditional costumes, also known in certain regions within Belgium.

3 Fierljeppen Organisation: Friese fierljeppers bond www.fierljeppenfriesland.nl

Jumping as far as possible over a ditch with a pole.

4 Fries kaatsen (Frieze throw-back) Organisation: Koninklijke Nederlandse Kaatsbond www.knkb.nl

A girl is catching the ball with her hand.

81

5 Historische schuttersgilden (Historic guilds) Organisation: Europese Gemeenschap van Historische Schuttersgilden European Community of historic guilds www.schuttersgilden.nl www.e-g-s.eu

The muskets keep shooting competitions in traditional costumes. Also famous in Germany, Belgium and Austria.

6 IJszeilen (Icesailing) Organisation: IJszeilvereniging DN Nederland www.ijszeilen.nl

Ice sailing, a traditional sport popular in the Netherlands.

82

7 Klootschieten (Road bowling) Organisation: Nederlandse Klootschietbond www.klootschieten.com

Klootschieten is a throwing sport whereby participants, usually divided into two teams, try to throw a weighted ball (the kloot) as far as possible. In some regions in Germany it is called Bosseln. This traditional sport is also popular in Ireland (road bowling), The Netherlands (klootschieten) and Italy.

8 Kolven Organisation: Koninklijke Nederlandse Kolfbond www.kolfbond.nl

Demonstration of Kolven, a game played with a wooden stick and a ball.

83

9 Kruisboogschieten Organisation: Nederlandse Kruisboog bond NKB www.nkbkruisboog.nl

Shooting with traditional crossbows to the target.

10 Krulbol Organisation: Nederlandse krulbolverenigingen http://people.zeelandnet.nl/mwelec/

A lady who is rolling the round, popular game in Belgium (Flanders).

11 Muurkaatsen (one-wall handball) www.onewallhandball.nl

Muurkaatsen or one-wall handball, a sport in which players use their hands to hit a small rubber ball against a wall so that it bounces off in such a way that their opponent cannot return it.

84

12 Ringrijden (ring riding) Organisation: De Zeeuwse Ringrijders Vereniging www.ringrijden.nl

A man pulls his lance through the ring while horse riding. This traditional sport is also known in Germany and Denmark.

13 Schoonrijden Organisation: Landelijke Vereniging van Schoonrijders www.schoonrijden.nu

Schoonrijden requires a special technique in which an ice skater makes curves in a fluid motion across the width of the track.

85

14 Sjoelen Organisation: Algemene Nederlandse Sjoelbond www.sjoelsport.nl

A shuffleboard, the board that you need to play the game.

86

Poland 1 Horseback Archery Organisation: Polish Archery Horseback Association www.pslk.org The archer shoots with a bow while riding on horseback. A traditional sport also known in Hungary, England, Sweden, Finland and Germany.

2 Kapela

People trying to hit the kapela (a small pyramid made from stones) with a stone.

3 Palant Organisation: LKS Schlagball team Cyprzanow www.schlagball-cyprzanow.freehost.pl

This sport is similar to baseball.

You hit the ball with a ‘palant’.

4 Pierścieniówka (ringnetball)

Children playing Ringnetball, a sport reconstructed by the department of Olympism and Ethnology of Sport, University School of Physical Educations in Poland.

87

5 Ringo Organisation: International Ringo federation www.ringo.org.pl

A demonstration of ringo, a girl is ready to pitch the ring over the Ringo line.

6 Sztekiel

Polish Championships Sztekiel, a game similar to English tip-cat.

88

Romania 1 Oina Organisation: Romanian Oina Association www.oina.ro

The equipment necessary to play Oina: leather balls and a wooden bat.

The attackers are opening the game by hitting the ball with a wooden bat.

2 Tzurca Organisation: Romanian Tzurca association www.tzurca.wordpress.com

Demonstration of Tzurca, a traditional game played by two teams, without direct contact with the opponent.

89

Slovakia 1 Nohejbal (futnet) Organisation: Slovakian nohejbal association www.nohejbal-sk.sk

Two men playing Nohejbal, also known as futnet.

Slovenia 1 Pandolo Organisation: Slovenian Pandolo federation www.pandolo.si

Two teams compete against each other to take over territory by hitting a stick (pandolo) with a wooden bat (maca) as far as possible.

90

Sweden 1 Arena Sports Organisation: Fรถreningen Gutnisk Idrott www.laget.se/fgi www.stangaspelen.com

Pole throwing or caber tossing, Gotlandic pentathlon.

2 Glima Organisation: Svenska Budo & Kampsportsfรถrbundet www.budokampsport.se Organisation: The international Glima Association. This association represents the Icelandic Glima. www.internationalglima.com

Two men playing Glima, a traditional style of wrestling.

Two men playing Icelandic Glima. In constant movement from a strong and agile but erect posture with fixed holds the wrestlers attempt to trip each other.

3 Kubb Organisation: VM i Kubb www.vmkubb.com

Kubb, an outdoor game with the aim of knocking down the kubbs of the other team.

91

4 Pärk Organisation: Föreningen Gutnisk Idrott www.stangaspelen.com www.laget.se/fgi

A woman is playing pärk, a hand-played ballgame in teams of seven players.

5 Varpa Organisation: Föreningen Gutnisk Idrott www.stangaspelen.com www.laget.se/fgi www.varpa.se

A girl who is playing Varpa. It’s an old outdoor game similar to boules but played with a flat and heavy thrower known as a “varpa” instead of balls.

92

UK (England)

Aunt Sally, players throwing batons at a wooden skittle known as a doll.

1 Aunt Sally Organisation: Oxford & District Aunt Sally Association www.oxfordauntsally.co.uk

2 Bat & Trap Organisation: Sevenoaks & District Bat & Trap League www.batandtrap.org.uk

An English bat and ball pub game played between two teams of either six or eight players.

Alternatively one team is batting and the other team is bowling.

3 Conker Organisation: Ashton Conker Club www.worldconkerchampionships.com

A woman is playing Conker, a traditional British game played by using chestnuts.

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4 Cornish Wrestling Organisation: Cornish Wrestling Association www.cornishwrestling.co.uk

Two men playing Cornish Wrestling, an old wrestling game established in Cornwall.

5 Croquet Organisation: The Croquet Association www.croquet.org.uk

A man playing Croquet.

6 Dodgeball Organisation: UK Dodgeball Association www.ukdba.org

Women ready to throw the dodgeball to the opposing team.

If they can catch them, they are out of the game.

7 Fives Organisation: The Rugby Fives Association www.rfa.org.uk

A ball game played on a court enclosed on three or four sides.

94

8 London skittles Organisation: London Skittles www.londonskittles.co.uk

In London skittles you knock down the nine pins by throwing a cheese through the air instead of a ball.

9 Stoolball Organisation: Stoolball England www.stoolball.org.uk

A game similar to cricket, played on a grass field between two teams.

10 Table skittles Organization: Leicester Mixed Table Skittles Summer League www.tableskittles.co.uk

A table, nine skittles and 3 wooden cheeses, the material needed to play table skittles.

95

UK (Scotland) 1 Highland games Organisation: Scottish Heavy Athletics www.scottishheavyathletics.com

The competitor tosses a large tapered pole called a “caber”.

2 Scottish backhold wrestling Organisation: The Scottish wrestling union Federation International des Luttes Celtiques (FILC) www.wrestle.co.uk www.lusshighlandgames.co.uk

Scottish backhold is a style of folk wrestling.

The wrestlers grip each other around the waist at the back, with the right hand under the opponent’s left arm and the chin resting on the opposite right shoulder.

3 Shinty Organisation: The Camanachd Association www.shinty.com demonstration: www.youtube.com/user/ camanachdassociation

Shinty, a team game played with sticks and ball; mainly popular in the Scottish Highlands.

96

UK (Wales) 1 Quoits Organisation: Welsh Quoiting Association www.ukquoits.org

Rope rings thrown over the spikes.

97

G END CONCLUSION Running a project of a suchlike magnitude has been an enriching experience for VlaS. We would therefore like to thank the EU for making this possible by means of the 2013 call for proposals of the preparatory actions. We are convinced that the SETS project has helped to strengthen the connections between traditional sports board members in Europe. During our project VlaS connected with four other EU projects that included traditional sports: Recall (Tafisa), Play the game (Kavala), Games.net (Figest) and Replay (Vicomtech). Their work has contributed to the growth of the traditional sports network as well. We are convinced that in the upcoming years, the network will be expanding even further.

However, the traditional sports network should also get stronger. With the help of dynamic network members and hopefully further EU funding in this field, this can turn into reality. We are really keeping our fingers crossed here, as we have determined that the problems regarding the creation of a strong and supporting network in the field of traditional sports are multiple (see chapter ‘Context’).

One of the challenges for our European network has to do with the diversity. Not only from a technical point of view (bowl of ball, fighting, shooting ...) but also on the level of ambition (international expansion or cocooning, integration in school systems or only directed to adults ...) and on the level of sportification (international competitive sport versus playground game).

Another challenge is the language barrier. During the SETS project we used English as the main language and asked participating associations to send a representative that masters English. For many associations this was not easy. VlaS tried to support mutual understanding by providing written transcription of the discussions in English (participants can then translate this digitally into their own language). We also insisted that the speakers keep their interventions short. On the SETS website we added the functionality to transform the English text into no less than twenty other European languages. The book about the project is published in five languages.

99

The discussions between the traditional sports promoters during the SETS conferences resulted in many interesting points of view. For example, in order to safeguard local traditional sports, it is necessary for children to practice them at school. Even if most practitioners of a game are adults and the elderly, it is always important for children to get to know their local traditional sports. One of the most important pieces of advice our SETS forum would want to give to the European Union is therefore to give an official recommendation to the EU member states to implement local traditional sports in school education.

In order to realise this aim traditional sports also need recognition. A suchlike recognition by local, regional or national authorities can make a big difference. It can generate media attention and create commercial opportunities, which can all help in promoting traditional sports.

That national sport federations (in f.e. volleyball) work together to form a European umbrella organisations seems to be an evidence. Unfortunately, in the world of traditional sports this is not the case, mainly because of the immense diversity. Unfortunately, in the world of traditional sports this is not the case because of the immense diversity. Nevertheless, all SETS participants agreed that working together in an umbrella organisation both a national and European level is an important step towards the promotion of their local sport. Festivals of traditional sports and games are considered to be essential for the same cause as well.

We can conclude that there is still a lot of work to be done to safeguard traditional sports in Europe. We hope that we can realise this work in the future by means of an enlarged network of traditional sports and with the support of the European Union.

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H INDEX Keywords in alphabetical order followed by the pages on which are mentioned.

The list of keywords comprises: • names of traditional sports, • names of traditional sports organisations, • countries, • keyword of the themes discussed during the conferences.

A

Adam Kondys 45 Adrian Barlea 57 AEBBA 35 Alan Tratt 39 Alexey Kylasov 53 Algemene Nederlandse Sjoelbond 86 All England Bar Billiards Association 35 Amsterdam 9, 13, 35 Ants Tamme 42 Aosta Valley 27 applicant 7 arena sports 43 Arto Ojaniemi 45 Arturas Vileita 48 Artur Stryjak 29 ASAA Billardklub 68 Ashton Conker Club 93 asset 13, 16, 23 Aunt Sally 93 Austria 9, 59, 61, 71, 82 Austrian Fitschigogerl 59

B

balle pelote 61 Bandy 69 Baranta 51, 52, 75 Baranta Traditional Hungarian Martial Arts Association 51, 52 Bartosz Prabucki 49 bat & trap 40 Beanbag-throwing 31, 32

101

Belgische golfbiljartbond 60 Belgische krulbolbond 63 Belgium 7, 9, 26, 32, 37, 60, 71, 81, 82, 84 belt-wrestling 52 Bibbi Olson 50 bige 52 billiard hockey 52, 67 Billiard Hockey Club Most 67 billiards 13, 35, 61 Bloso 2, 25 Bol Chumann na hEireann 26 böllön 52 Bosseln 72, 83 Botolo 75 bottom-up approach 8 Budapest 51 buksschieten 25, 37, 60, 61, 81 Bulgaria 9, 54 Bulgarian folklore dancing 54

C

caber toss 40 Caid 36, 78 camogie 36, 77 Catalonia 30 catapult 62 Cecília László 31 championships 37, 38, 44, 47, 48, 50, 53 Charles Murray 40 chestnuts 93 Chris Saville 35 CIOFF 54 clubs 18, 20, 25, 27, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 53, 55 communication techniques 18 community 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 31, 36, 37, 40 competition 14, 45 conclusions 3, 4, 8, 10, 13 conferences 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 21, 22, 27, 43, 48, 49, 56, 100, 101 Conker 93 context 7 cooperation 3, 10, 19, 20, 21, 23 coordinator 3, 25 Cornish Wrestling 94 Cornwall 94 Croatia 9, 66 croquet 68, 94 cultural identity 7 cultural tourism 16 Cuman shoving 31, 32 Czech and Slovakia Sling Shooters 52 Czech Association of Table Hockey Players 52 Czech National handball 67

102

Czech Republic 9, 52, 67 Czech Union of national handball 67

D

David Lundholm 47 Denmark 9, 26, 29, 68, 85 Deutscher Eisstockverband E.V. 71 Deutsche Ringtennis 73 development 27, 36, 41, 55, 56 De Zeeuwse Ringrijders Vereniging 85 disabled persons 16 discussion 10 disseminating 25 diversity 7, 10, 13, 31, 44, 53, 99, 100 Dmitrijs Ščegolevs 44 Dodgeball 41, 94 dunne krulbol 25, 60, 61

E

Eastern Europe 2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 59 Edgaras Diržius 44 educational system 15, 51 Eisstockschiessen 71 elaborate overview 8 Elena Bier 37 England 9, 35, 39, 40, 76, 87, 93, 95 Erasmus + 20 Erik De Vroede 33 Estonia 9, 42, 43, 69 Estonian Kiiking Federation 42 Estonian Sports Museum 43 Ethnosport World Society 53 ETSGA 3, 8, 10, 11, 19, 27, 62, 63, 64, 65 EU projects 20, 99 Europe 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 19, 20, 22, 27, 29, 31, 35, 36, 37, 42, 51, 55, 59, 99, 100 European board of the Gaelic Athletic Association 36 European Commission 2, 7, 19, 113 European community of historic guilds 37 European Parliament members 19 European roots 16 European Traditional Sports and Games Association 3, 19, 26, 27 European Union 10, 100 Europe is our playground 55 exchange 17, 19, 27, 45 exhibitions 33, 43, 48, 52, 56 extinction 17

F

Facebook 50 fashionable 17 Federachon Esport de Nohtra Tera 26 Federatie van Vlaamse Historische Schuttersgilden 60

103

Federation International des Luttes Celtiques 96 Federation of Wrestling on Belts 48 federations 25, 37, 48, 53, 100 Fehér János 53 FENT 27 festivals 19, 20, 22, 37, 44, 48, 49, 53, 54 fierljeppen 39 FIGEST 27 FILC 96 financial support 13, 14, 46 Fingerhakler 71 finger wrestling 71 Finland 9, 45, 70, 76, 87 Finnish Baseball Association 45 Finnish darts 70 Finnish skittles 70 Fiolet 27, 28 Fitschigogerl 59 Fives 94 Flanders 7, 25, 32, 33, 60, 84 folk games 31, 51 Föreningen Gutnisk Idrott 43, 91, 92 Friendship Day of European traditional sports 20 Friese fierljeppers bond 81 Fries kaatsen 61, 81 Friesland 39 Friessische Klootschiesser Verband 72 futnet 90 Futòméta 75

G

GAA 36, 78, 79 GAA handball 36 gaaibol 25, 60, 61 GAA rounders 36 Gaelic football 36, 78 Gaelic games 36 Gaël Staelens 3, 25 generations 26 Gerard Van Uem 37 Gerlev Idrætshøjskole 26, 29 Gerlev Legepark 26, 29 German Gorodki Association 37, 71 German Shuffleboard Association e.V. 38, 73 Germany 9, 23, 37, 38, 45, 61, 68, 71, 72, 76, 77, 82, 83, 85, 87 Gintautas Vileita 48 Glima 13, 46, 47, 91 golf 68 golfbiljart 25, 60, 61 Good practices 8 Gotlandic pentathlon 91 Gotlandic sports 43

104

Greece 9, 23, 55, 74 Guido Van Alsenoy 2, 4, 25, 113 Guy Jaouen 27

H

health-enhancing physical activity 29 Hein Comeyne 3, 25 Heinz-Dieter Hussmann 38 Hellenic pangration athlima federation 74 Henk Haar 38 heritage 7, 8, 14, 18, 23, 27, 31, 32, 33, 37, 48, 53, 74 historic guilds 37, 71, 82 history 14, 16, 33, 43, 55 horizontal popinjay shooting 63 Horseback Archery 76, 87 Horseshoes Pitchers 78 Hungarian sectorball Association 76 Hungarian Shuttlecock Association 76 Hungarian Shuttlecock Association 53 Hungary 3, 9, 26, 31, 51, 53, 55, 75, 87 hurling 13, 36

I

Icesailing 82 Identifying 9 IJszeilen 82 IJszeilvereniging DN Nederland 82 inclusiveness 8, 36 Institut Nacional d’Educacio Fisica de Catalunya 26 instrument 15 Intangible Cultural Heritage 23, 33 International Council of Organisations for Festivals, Folklore and Traditional Arts 54 internationally 14, 46 International Ringo federation 88 International Sectorball Federation 55 internet forum 8, 9 Ireland 9, 26, 36, 72, 77, 78, 83 Irish road bowling 26 Irish Road Bowling Association 26 Istvan Bali 31 Istvan Martonfi 55

J

Jakub Hasil 52 James O’Driscoll 26 Jeu de crosse 66 Joseph Whelan 36 joy 16, 17

K

Kaatsentiteit Vlaanderen vzw 62 Kaatsmuseum 38 Kalle Voolaid 43

105

kapela 49, 87 Kassai Horse Archery School 76 katapultschieten 25 Kavala 55, 99 kegelen 25 Keglebillard 68 Kent 40 Kieran Murray 40 Kim Niklas Ådefjäll Arnoldsson 47 klepschieten 25 kloot 72, 83 Klootschiessen 72 Kolven 83 Koninklijke Nationale Bond der Belgische Wipschutters 65 Koninklijke Nederlandse Kaatsbond 38 Koninklijke Nederlandse Kolfbond 83 Koroona 80 Krachtbal 63 Krolf 68 krulbol 25, 60, 61, 63 Kubb 50, 91 Kyykkä 70

L

Laboratory of Traditional Sports and Ethnology of Sports 48 ladies Gaelic football 36 Landelijke Vereniging van Schoonrijders 85 Latvia 9, 44, 80 Latvian Novuss Federation 80 Latvian traditional games and Ethnosport Association 44 Leicester Mixed Table Skittles Summer League 95 leisure time 17, 55 Lietuvos Ritinio Federacija 80 liggende wip 25 Lithuania 3, 9, 44, 48, 80 Lithuanian Ritinis Sport Federation 44 LKS Schlagball team Cyprzanow 87 locally 14 London skittles 95 Longbow archery vertical pole 65 ludodiversity 15, 16

M

Martfü 3, 9, 31, 51 martial art 74 Máté Fekete 52 media attention 13, 16, 17, 38, 47, 100 medieval tournaments 44 Meeting 10 members 15, 19, 20, 25, 27, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 47, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 99 méta 52 methodology 9

106

Mixed Summer Table Skittles League 39 modernise 14 Mo Islam 41 Morra 27 motobols 44 museum 32, 33, 38, 43, 55 mutual strengths 19 muurkaatsen 84

N

national authorities 14, 100 National Baranta Association 75 Nederlandse Beugel Bond 81 Nederlandse Fierljep Bond 39 Nederlandse Kruisboog bond 84 Nederlandse krulbolverenigingen 84 Netherlands 9, 37, 38, 39, 61, 68, 71, 72, 77, 81, 82, 83 network 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 23, 33, 55, 99, 100, 113 new media 14 NGO 19, 27 Nicolae Dobre 57 Nohejbal 90 Noordbrabantse Federatie van Schuttersgilden 81 Northeast Europe 9, 13, 42 Northern 2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 59 Northern Ireland 9 Northwest Europe 9, 13, 35, 37 novuss 44, 72, 80 Novuss Verband Germany 72

O

objectives 7, 27 oina 57, 89 old strongmen 43 Olof Thomsson 43 one-wall handball 84 opportunity 8, 16, 17, 19, 26, 45 organisation 7, 8, 10, 19, 22, 25, 26, 27, 31, 36, 37, 38, 42, 43, 48, 53, 54, 56, 100 Oxford & District Aunt Sally Association 93

P

paapgooien 25, 64 palant 45, 49, 87 Palant Cyprzanow 45 Palet 27, 28 Pandolo 90 Pangration 74 p채rk 43, 92 participants 2, 3, 8, 10, 15, 19, 22, 35, 39, 57, 72, 83, 99, 100 partners 2, 9, 10, 22, 25, 26, 40, 55 Peil 36, 78

107

Pere Lavega 30 Philippe Paquay 2, 5 photo-gallery 9 physical activity 14, 29, 30, 53 Picigin 66 pierścieniówka 49 Pieter Bult 39 player welfare 36 PlayPark 29 Poland 9, 45, 48, 49, 76, 87 policy 15, 23 Polish Archery Horseback Association 87 politicians 20, 22 popular 18, 19, 27, 29, 44, 45, 51, 60, 61, 71, 72, 82, 83, 84, 96 Preparatory Actions 113 Preparatory phase 9 preserving 8, 31, 40, 53 promote 17, 22, 23, 25, 27, 31, 37, 38, 39, 42, 48, 53, 54, 55 promoting 7, 8, 20, 31, 36, 45, 55, 100 publication 8, 10, 35, 56, 113 Public Benefit Organization of the city of Kavala 55 public houses 17 Punta del Este, Uruguay, 1999 23 purposes 7

Q

Quoits 97

R

Ralitsa Kareva 54 Ranggeln 60 Rebatta 27, 28 Recognition 15 recommendations 10, 22, 23 research 3, 7, 27, 29, 30, 43, 44, 48, 49, 52, 55, 56 revival activities 15 ringnetball 49, 87 Ringo 88 Ringriderfesten i Sønderborg 68 Ring Riding 68 Ringtennis 73 Ritinio 80 ritinis 44, 80 Romania 9, 57, 89 Romanian Oina Association 89 Romanian Oina Federation 57 Romanian Sport Association of Tzurca 57 Rosa Falletti 27 rounders 36, 79 Royal Dutch Throw-Back Association 38 Russia 53

108

S

safeguard 20, 22, 27, 54, 100 Salzburger Rangglerverband 60 Sรกndor Mรกtyus 31 Schlagball 45, 87 school programme 27 schools 13, 14, 15, 23, 44, 45, 47, 49 Schoonrijden 85 Schuttersverstandshouding Zand-Leemstreek 62 Scotland 9, 40, 96 Scottish backhold 96 Scottish hammer throw 40 Scottish Heavy Athletics 96 Scottish Highland Games Association 40 Scottish wrestling union 96 sectorball 55, 76 seminar 10 SETS 1, 3, 7, 9, 11, 22, 25, 26, 31, 35, 42, 51, 99, 100 Sevenoaks & District Bat & Trap League 40, 93 sheaf toss 40 Shinty 96 shooting competitions 37, 71, 82 shuffleboard 38, 73, 86 shuttlecock 53, 76 Shuttlecock 53, 76 similarity 16 sjoelen 86 skittle game 62 sliator 79 sling shooting 52 Slovakia 9, 52, 90 Slovakian nohejbal association 90 Slovenia 9, 63, 90 Slovenian Pandolo federation 90 Snail or Puli-run 31, 32 social health 16, 27 social media 41 solidarity 8 Southeast Europe 9, 51 South Holland 39 spectator-friendly 18 Sportimonium 3, 26, 32, 33 sports centre 29 staande wip 25 standardisation 14, 17, 20 Stรฅngaspelen 43 stone put 40 Stoolball 95 Stoolball England 95 Strengthening 1, 3 strengths 3, 10, 16, 17, 19

109

Suomen Kyykkäliitto 70 Suomen Pesäpalloliitto 45 survival 17 Svenska Budo & Kampsportsförbundet 46, 91 Sweden 9, 43, 46, 47, 50, 76, 87, 91 Szektorlabda 55, 76 Szolnok 31 Sztekiel 88

T

table hockey 52 table hockey games 52 table hockey players 52 table skittles 13, 39, 95 TAFISA 48 tales 14 Tartu 43 team-building 14 teamwork 36 Tesz-Vesz Ifjúsági és Gyermekalapítvány 26, 31 Tesz-Vesz Youth and Children Foundation 31 The Bandy Federation of Estonia 69 The Camanachd Association 96 The Camogie Association 77 The Croquet Association 94 The Finnish darts sport association 70 The Flemish Traditional Sports 113 The Icelandic Glima Association 47 themes 2, 3, 9, 10, 13, 101 The Netherlands 9, 61, 71, 72, 81, 83 The Rugby Fives Association 94 The Swedish Varpa Association 47 threat 7, 17, 19 Tibor Navracsics 2, 4 tourism 13, 14, 16 trabol 25, 65 traditional crossbows 84 traditional wrestling styles 44, 46 Trend 25 Tsan 27, 28 tug of war 43 Tzurca 57, 89

U

UK Dodgeball Association 41, 94 UK, England 39, 40 Uller Jaroslav 52 umbrella organisation 7, 19, 22, 25, 27, 37, 43, 48, 53, 100 Unesco 33 United World Wrestling’s World Belt Wrestling Committee 48 Unit Sport 7 universities 23

110

University school of Physical Education 48 Utrecht 39

V

varpa 43, 47, 92 Vassiliki Zafeiria Ypsilanti 56 Vilnius 3, 9, 13, 31, 42 Vlaamse Boogsportfederatie Liggende Wip vzw 63 Vlaamse katapultbond 62 Vlaamse krachtbal federatie 63 Vlaamse Traditionele Sporten vzw 2, 4, 7, 25, 113 VlaS 2, 3, 7, 25, 62, 63, 64, 65, 99, 113 VM I Kubb Rone Golk 50 voice of traditional sports 19

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Waggle 31, 32 Wales 9, 97 weaknesses 3, 10, 16, 17 website 3, 8, 11, 25, 35, 40, 50, 55, 99 weight over the bar 40 weight throw 40 well-being 16 Welsh Quoiting Association 97 West-Vlaamse Trabolders federatie 65 World Sport For All Games 49 wrestlers 47, 91, 96

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PUBLISHED BY Vlaamse Traditionele Sporten vzw (VlaS) – The Flemish Traditional Sports in the framework of the European project: “Building a network to strengthen European traditional sports”.

Polderstraat 76a bus 2 – 8310 Brugge – info@vlas.be – www.vlas.be Responsible editor: Guido Van Alsenoy, Bistkapellei 24, 2180 Ekeren Composition: Hein Comeyne & Gaël Staelens Lay-out: Arti·tude English version proofread by “Tekst § Taal” Also published in French, Dutch, German and Spanish - translation by Crealingua ISBN: 978 90 8240 420 3 Depot: D/2015/13693/1 Price: € 15 www.europeantraditionalsportsforum.eu

© 2015 Vlaamse Traditionele Sporten vzw “This project has been funded with support from the European Commission under the “2013 Preparatory Actions in the Field of Sport”. The publication of this project reflects the view of the author only, the European Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained herein.”

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