Vital Design Studio Monograph

ital Desig

2021 Vital Design Studio Kendra Kirchmer, IAID Assistant Professor Sam Coup, 4th year LA Natalie Cox, 5th year ARCH Anne Criddle, 5th year ARCH Ethan Doherty, 5th year IAID Morgan Garrett, 5th year IAID Carl Glosenger, 5th year ARCH John Kalamaja, 4th year LA Clayton Pfeiffer, 5th year IAID Andrew Smith, 5th year ARCH Will Smith, 5th year IAID Carly Temming, 5th year ARCH Claire Yackley, 5th year IAID Louis A. Meilink, Jr., FAIA, FACHA, ACHE, Studio Sponsor Janetann Meilink, Studio Sponsor Cheney Bostic, Denver Contact, Principall & Founder, Studioseed Frank Locantore, Denver Contact, Executive Director, Colfax Ave Business Improvement District Curt Upton, Denver Contact, Principal City Planner, City of Denver

02

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements The 2021 Vital Design studio would like to express our sincere gratitude for those involved in the funding and overall success of the following semester projects. A dedicated thank you goes out to Janetann and Louis A. Meilink, Jr., FAIA, FACHA, ACHE for sponsoring the Vital Design studio and whose continued support made this endeavor possible.

We would also like to thank Cheney Bostic, Frank Locantore, and Curt Upton for their mentorship and additionally to all the reviewers who attended critiques and ultimately guided each project to a successful end. Finally, a most dedicated thank you to our professor and educator Kendra Kirchmer as well as every studio participant for their herculean efforts this semester. Congrats to all.

Acknowlegdements

03

04

Table of Contents

Table of Contents Part 1

01 Research

07-16

02 Urban Analysis

17-27

Part 2

03 District 6

28-83

04 Just the Fax

85-157

05 P+C

159-209

06 Common Ground

211-271

Part 3

07 Reflection

272-278

Table of Contents

05

06

art On

Foundational Research Vital Design

1.1

Social

1.2

Food

10-11

1.3

Housing

12-13

1.4

Mobility

14-15

08-09

Summary Before an introduction to the site and project it was important for the studio to be introduced to the design goals.

Through research of specific topics, the studio worked together to educate others on niche areas of information to better understand how designers may use architecture to increase the health of the community that they are working with.

01 Foundational Research :

07

Social Inclusion

Social Cohesion

Social Capital

A design intention that focuses efforts toward the idea of recognizing and including diversity among users. Social Inclusion is where designers can focus efforts in order to develop and encourage a difference in other categories. This can be done through a direct consideration of how designs accommodate and recognize those with diverse cultures. As a result of greater social inclusion there is an a following increase in social cohesion.

The community created when people come together in a public space.

This development of community and connection is a result of shared experience and interaction. So, as a result, people grow their network and develop a greater sense of belonging with the people and communities around them. Lastly, with a greater sense of belonging and community there is a greater contribution of members, known as social capital.

The contribution made by the people of a group that is influenced by the shared experience and interaction with others.

There is a wide range of contributions that can be considered social capital.

Conversations with others are a perfect example of social capital, where two individuals are equally contributing to create a two sided conversation. Another form of capital may be how one friend inputs and takes care of another.

SOCIAL INCLUSION

SOCIAL COHESION

SOCIAL CAPITAL

Social : 1.1 08

01 Foundational Research : Social : 1.1

Culture Religion

Gender

Sexuality

Age

My Culture

Wealth

Language

Race

Ability

Culture is made up of a diverse range of identifiers and qualities. The intersection of these parts and qualities is what defines the culture of specific individuals.

Inclusive Design Context

Process

Considering all of the existing conditions within a site. Some examples may include amenities or services. The context is the most important, as it all may allude to the needs of the area.

Understanding the affects that a design may have. Think through the process of how your public space will affect civic trust in patrons and increase the areas overall social capital in the end.

Design and Program

Maintain

Understanding how the design is considering inclusiveness and equity throughout. Relate your findings in context design and think through who may utilize the finalized, future space.

Designing a project that may sustain itself through the ever changing realm of diversity and inclusion.

Focus on fostering resilience and the engagement within the entire project scope.

01 Foundational Research : Social : 1.1

09

Finding #1

Finding #2

Finding #3

Many studies identified chain grocers as an important contributor to food accessibility and improved neighborhood health overall. One pro of chain grocers is the lower process and diversity of options that they bring to the area. A con however, is there is nothing bringing them to these lower income neighborhoods. There has got to be some incentive.

Though many studies disagreed on the degree of influence the physical environment had on food decision making and overall health, many recognized the behavioral environment as having potentially the greatest quantifiable effect on food consumption. This defines and shows the importance of giving diverse and healthy food options in a community.

In order to create a sustainable change, education, reformation, and cultural shifts are necessary. Looking at economic trends there is an established pattern of food inequality. The social dilemma is that large food retailer’s provide healthy food at low costs, but, local convenience stores promote community and stimulate local economy.

1 in 4

19 million

38 million

households experienced food insecurity in 2019

Americans live in food deserts across the country

Food : 1.2 10

01 Foundational Research : Food : 1.2

people used SNAP in the year 2019

Food Insecurity One of the greatest correlations among food insecurity is the race. This graph shows food security through the years according to racial identity, and there are some significant differences.

Black White All Hispanic Other

Steps to Take Action 1

Action 2

Observe and understand the existing behavior

Communicate with the current residence.

How do they view their community, what is important to their culture, and what are their needs?

Recognizing inequitable policies in neighborhoods

Identify barriers in accessibility

Promote education and programs that

and social networks of neighborhoods.

Identify the healthiest behaviors and reimagine their application to positively affect issues like poor food consumption, food scarcity, and food inequity.

Example: Witnessing a shared passion for a sport or team within a neighborhood could translate into a recreational facility to play and watch games as a community.

Action 3 food-related

assist food insecurity

Example: Transportation and language

barriers prevent a percentage of the population from enrolling in government food assistance which might inspire a creative solution for transportation, or retail space for outreach organizations.

Example:

Implementing a multi-use community outreach center to educate the neighborhood population on relevant policy, assistance programs, and food decisionmaking

01 Foundational Research : Food : 1.2

11

The Problem Denver is currently fighting a housing crisis.

This crisis is not solved easily. A person who works a 40-hour week cannot afford to rent a two-bedroom apartment. Colorado’s minimum wage is higher than most places in the country at $12 an hour. However, this still does not allow for stress free living. With Denver being a desirable place to live the price of living has steadily increased and

outpaced the minimum wage. In fact, it is so bad that some fully employed people are currently homeless because they cannot afford housing or struggle with finding transportation to support where they live (Haines 821). The value of housing has forced the typical work force into renting.

This influx in renting has allowed the housing market to bloat even more and only

the more affluent can afford to buy. This has led further into economic discrepancies that can be qualified as a renting crisis. This renting crisis does not allow average community members to acquire personal wealth, but instead, further strains their finances and slowly prices them out of areas they work and lived in the past.

67.3 - 76.7 Years 76.8 - 78.8 Years 78.9 - 80.6 Years Data too small

Housing : 1.3 12

01 Foundational Research : Housing : 1.3

North Capital Hill

City Park West

Median Gross Rent

200

400

600

2000

800

1000

1200

The graphic above shows the median gross rent of the related neighborhoods.

Recently the gross income of these households have grown, but it was also found that in some areas rent is higher.

2017

Household Income Number of Households

1500 1200 900 600 300 Figure 1.3.3

City Park West

Less then $25K

$50K - $100K

$25K - $50K

More than $100K

North Capital Hill Shown here is the income of residents within the research area and North Capital Hill. This helped better understand the demogrpahic of economic classes that existed within the areas.

01 Foundational Research : Housing : 1.3

13

Methods When researching mobility in the study area there were a few findings that stood out as what may be possible solutions for the transport and mobility portions of the future designs. Some strategies that

Strategies

were found as possibilities are as follows: calming traffic by reducing and controlling speed in specific areas, making active and purposeful improvements to transport methods, bettering and improving the

public transport throughout the area, and finally look at how the mobility and transport is being marketed to the people.

Safety

Environmental

Physical Activity

Access

Notes

Large Benefit

May Increase or Lower Emissions

Large Benefit

Large Benefit

Increased Pedestrian Safety with Lower Traffic Speeds

Active Transport Improvements

Large Benefit if emphasized Bike/Ped Safety

Large Benefit

Large Benefit

Large Benefit

Reduces Congestion and Increases Bike/Ped

Improved Public Transport

Large Benefit

Large Benefit

Large Benefit

Large Benefit

Reduces Traffic and Parking Needs

Moderate Benefit

Moderate Benefit

Moderate Benefit

Small Benefit

Can Reduce Traffic and Parking Needs

Traffic Calming and Speed Control

Mobility Management Marketing

Mobility : 1.4 14

01 Foundational Research : Mobility : 1.4

What we Know

increase in U.S. bike commuters from 1990 -

of U.S. millennials cite walk ability and biking as important community characteristics

of U.S. adults say they work to a destination daily or weekly

Some of the most interesting data found throughout the development of this literature review was the demand for mobility that is healthier not only for the people, but also for the world. These numbers tell us that if there were further development of the transport system for the public or for individual mobility then there would likely be an increase in use overall. Shown below is also an average street scape that can be found in the study area of Denver.

Average Street

01 Foundational Research : Mobility : 1.4

15

Notes "Food insecurity in the U.S. by the Number"

16 01 Foundational Research : Mobility : 1.4

Urban Analysis Vital Design 2.1 Context

18-19

2.2

Infrastructure

20-21

2.3

Climate

22-25

Summary To better understand the area the studio split into teams to divide up the urban site analysis amongst them. In small groups the studio tackled research on the History of Colfax, the contextual area, the climate, major infrastructure and amenities and resources. This information is what ultimately led to the students and project teams to deduce what was needed from their future designs.

02 Urban Analysis :

17

Colfax Avenue Timeline

Throughout its history, Colfax Avenue had many uses and residents. However, this place never lost its reputation. It has always been a traveling corridor full of grit and character from neon signs and store fronts to street cars and major roadways.

Colfax Avenue has extablished itself as a significant part of Denver, CO history and it will no sonner be left to be forgotten.

Many of the projects of Vital Design studio directly reference and respect the history of Colfax Avenue that can be found here and throughout the design of each build.

Context : 2.1 18

02 Urban Analysis : Context : 2.1

Historical Context

Land Use

Multi-Use Residential

Community Corridor

Civic

Green Space

Single Family Residential

Mojorly throughout the study area of Colfax avenue there is a focus of multiunit residential housing. However, after the historical mainstreet wsa established there was a demand for Colfax build-up.

02 Urban Analysis : Context : 2.1

19

Schools Medical Banks Government Large Businesses Walk-able Bike-able

Drive-able

When researching the area it was important to understand the main infrastructure in order to better understand what may be necessary to implement into the future designs. Shown in Figure 2.4 is what can be found at a walking, biking and driving distance of the site. The greatest take-away here was the access that increases as you get further away.

Figure 2.1.1

Infrastructure : 2.2 20

02 Urban Analysis : Infrastructure : 2.2

Highways & Context Through the research of the major infrastrucutre there was a discovery of the raodways that are accesible to the residents of the Denver area. Due to the car centric focus of modern cities there has been a large increase in roadways and highways that move trhoughout the city. This has overall greatly decreased the traffic on Colfax Avenue, especially after the installment of I-70 Denver City Limits

Important Infrastructure

Colfax Corridor

Contextual Infrastructure

Major Highways

Arterial Roads

Public Transport Another discovery was the major public transportation that can be accessed throughout Denver. The most established of the current public Transport was the commercial railines, but Denver is shifting their focus with the installment of a Rapid Bus Line.

Colfax Corridor

5,280 Bike Trail

Commercial Rail

Bus Rapid Transit

Light Rail

Proposed Bus Rapid Transit

02 Urban Analysis : Infrastructure : 2.2

21

N

Wind Rose

NNW

NNE NE

NW

It is notable that the wind blows to the SW and WSW for the majority of the time in Denver.

ENE

WNW

W

E

ESE

WSW

SW SSW

Average High & Low Temperatures Typical winter days have a high of about 50 F and a low of 30 F. Summer days are on average around 85 F as a high and 60 F as a low.

SE

>3 mph

>0 mph

SSE

S >7 mph

>12 mph

Cold

>17 mph

>24 mph

Hot Jun. 7 Jul. 10 89 F 80 F

100 F 90 F

Cold Sep. 14 80 F

80 F 70 F

Mar. 2 53 F

60 F 50 F

Dec. 30 44 F

62 F

40 F

53 F

54 F

30 F 20 F

Average Cloud Coverage A misconception exists regarding the amount of cloud cover experienced in Denver, Co - Though often believed to be mostly snowy/rainy, Denver actually experiences a majority of clear to partly cloudy days compared to mostly cloud to overcast days.

29 F

10 F

22 F

0F Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Jun.

Jul.

Cloudier

100%

Aug.

Sep.

Oct.

Clearer

Nov.

Dec.

Cloudier

Overcast

90% 80%

Mostly Cloudy

70%

Partly Cloudy

60%

Mostly Clear

50% 40%

Clear

20% 20%

Mar. 15 53%

10%

Oct. 3 64%

Nov. 2 64%

0% Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Climate : 2.3 22

02 Urban Analysis : Climate : 2.3

Apr.

May

Jun.

Jul.

Aug.

Sep.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12 AM

Freezing

8 PM

4 PM

Hot

Cold

Night

Average Hourly Temperature

Day

Denver has significantly cold winters usually ranging from “frigid” to “very cold”.However, summer months are quite comfortable, rarely rising to “hot” on the comfortability scale.

Freezing

Comfortable

Warm

12 PM

8 AM Cool Cold

4 AM

Very Cold Freezing

Very Cold Freezing

Comfortable

Night

12 AM Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Freezing

Frigid

15 F

May

Very Cold

32 F

Jun.

Jul.

Cold

Aug.

55 F

45 F

Sep.

Oct.

Comfortable

Cool

65 F

Nov.

Warm

Dec. Hot

85 F

75 F

The longest day in June possesses daylight for about 15 hours of the day while the shortest day in December is only light for about 9.5 hours.

24 hr Night

20 hr

Hours of Daylight

16 hr 12 hr

Day

8 hr Mar. 20 12 hr, 7 min

Jun. 20 14 hr, 59 min

Dec. 21 9 hr, 21 min

4 hr 0 hr

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Jun.

Jul.

Aug.

Sep.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Average Daily Precipitation The months of October through January are the dryest of the year while April through August experiences the most precipitation.

30 Days 25 Days 20 Days 15 Days 10 Days 5 Days 0 Days Jan.

Feb.

Mar. Dry

Apr. 2 mm

May

Jun.

2-5 mm

Jul. 5-10 mm

Aug.

Sep.

10-20 mm

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

20-50 mm

02 Urban Analysis : Climate : 2.3

23

Air Quality Air quality is remarkably poor within the city of Denver in respect to WHO defined “good” and “unhealthy” ranges. The poor air quality can be associated with wildfires and other pollutants to the west being blown over the mountain range and through the city. Other offenders include power generation units throughout the city.

Good

Moderate

Unhealthy

Level III & IV Ecoregions of Denver The site is situated within the Flat to Rolling Plains of the larger High Plains region.

This area is distinguished from the nearby Southern Rockies and Southwestern Tablelands by its plains which are smooth to slightly irregular and comprised mostly of cropland. The slope here is low but increases steadily in the area approaching and going into the Southern Rockies, such as the Front Range Fans.

21 Southern Rockies 21c Crystalline Mid-Elevation Forests 21d Foothill Shrublands 25 High Plains 25c Moderate Relief Plains *25d Flat to Rolling Plains 25i Front Range Fans 26 Southwestern Tablelands 26j Foothill Grasslands

24

02 Urban Analysis : Climate : 2.3

25i 21d *25d

21c 25c

26j

Topography 5300 5280

Pa

rk

5290

Av e

5310 5320

E Colfax Ave York St

5330

5340 Our site along East Colfax Ave experiences a subtle change in elevation, roughly 30 feet along several blocks. This offers great opportunities for walk ability and access ability without any specific site challenges.

Main Sewer Lines 5300 5280

Pa

rk

5290

Av e

5310 5320

E Colfax Ave York St

5330

5340 Stormwater drains direct water in the same direction as water flow.

Rainwater Collection Note: Private single family homes or any multifamily unit of four or fewer can have up to two collection barrels totaling up to 110 gallons. The water may only be used on property and is not intended for commercial use.

02 Urban Analysis : Climate : 2.3

25

Notes

26

27

28

art Tw

District 6 Vital Design

3.1

Precedent Study

29-43

3.2

Site Analysis

44-52

4.3

User Analysis

53-59

3.4

Programming

60-63

3.5

Schematic Design 64-67

3.6

Mid-Review

3.7

Design

3.8

68-71

Development

72-75

Final

76-83

Introduction Morgan Garrett, 5th year IAID Clayon Pfieffer, 5th year IAID Andrew Smith, 5th year ARCH District 6 is a collection of serices designed to aid the people of Colfax Ave and North Capitol Hill. The space grows food, education, and community by providing jobs, services, and a stable fresh produce system in a food desert. Keeping current residents in the neightboorhood and healthy.

03 District 6 :

29

1180 Forth St. Mixed-use Affordable Housing1 Specs Architect: Mithun-Solomon Architecture and Planning

+

Kennerly

Client: Mercy Housing California Location: San Francisco, California Size: 217,620 sf; 1.4 acres Community Space: 4,000 sq ft Housing: 184,000 sq ft Completion Date: 2014

Predecent Study : 3.1 30

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

Narrative 1180 Fourth Street, located on the corner of 4th & Channel street, is an innovative affordable housing complex that breaks the status quo of affordable housing architecture, by creating a highly designed complex with luxury amenities.

This site is on the edge of San Francisco's Mission Bay South and the future Fourth Street Retial District. The intent of this project is do define the up and coming neighborhood and set the precedent for quality affordable housing.

The design for 1180 Fourth breaks from the pattern of other complexes in the area by

eroding the streetscape with two large, limited entry courtyards at grade and above the first floor. Providing the residence with outdoor space. The project's facade breaks up the streetscape, giving each face it's own personality and expression.

On the interior, the pattern of mixing continues by combining a variety of unit layouts and sizes, adding a personal element to the resident experience.

Amenities have been planed to support a variety of users with programmatic elements such as, a dedicated teen room, computer lab, fitness center, and

landry. Additional program was added to build community within the complex, such as flex rooms, communal kitchens, and garden plots.

Apartment costs are offset by leased storefronts on the main level. The building location near the bay and the up and coming retail scene combine with the thoughtful program defines 1180 Fourth street as a precedent as to what affordable housing means.

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

31

Program The first floor plan combines resident townhouses on the northeast and prioritizes retail and amenities along the main street.

Parking lives underneath the second floor green space.

Residential Green Space Retial Community Spaces

32

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

Circulation The circulation remains consistent between the levels with defined towers celebrating the vertical circulation Resident Vehicle

One Bedroom/ One Bath

Two Bedroom/ One Bath

Program The program of the building is divided among four distinct zones. At the entrance is the guest services that leads the user to the courtyard and to the individual family rooms. And lastly the only two story portion of the building is administration area. ​ Family Rooms Courtyard

Three Bedroom/ Two Bath

Guest Services Administration

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

33

Grand Rapids Downtown Market Mixed-Use2 Specs Architect: Hugh A. Boyd Architects GC: Pioneer Construction Client: Grand Action Size: 132,000 sq. ft.

Cost: $21,648,000 Completion Date: May 2013

34

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

Narrative Opened in 2013, the Grand Rapids Market was a response to a decline in use of an old industrial district. The district needed a spark to ignite the local economy and bring a defunct area back to life.

The Grad Rapids Downtown Market is a mixed-use building focused around food education nd wellness, included in the program of the building is a food hall that offers a variety of cuisines. The building also has an educational kitchen and a

kitchen dedicated to incubate small business owners. The building centers itself around food as a way of connecting to the local community as well as educating a population that was undeserved. The classed taught at this location are able to encourage healthy eating styles as well as general knowledge of food and farming industry. The market was able to create 215 jobs and did $5 million in retail sales in the first year. The surge in the local economy

paved the way foe two neighboring mixed-use united to create 170 housing units. The market became a catalyst for the neighborhood revitalization efforts and has helped turn a formerly industrial area into an area focused on health and wellness. This building is LEED Certified Gold, meaning it meets or exceeds the strict environmental standards set by the U.S. Green Building Council.

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

35

Program The program includes spaces that support the education and sale of healthy food in the community as well as spaces to benefit local functions.

Food Vendors & Food Education Rented Public Space Growing Education Support Space

Program Organization The more a user moves through the building the more educated they become in regard to education through food.

As well as the growth in understanding the building becomes more private and focused towards dedicated learners.

36

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

Massing The form of the building allows for a gradual change of heights to help the building link to the streetscape and connect to the human scale.

Prospect and Refuge The form of the building steps back to allow for areas to observe surroundings.

These views are layered to ground the building in the context of the site. These aspects of safety and observation can be felt from the interior as well.

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

37

LT Josi Shared House Co-Housing3 Specs Architect: Naruse Inokuma Architects GC: Hirotsugu Tsuboi Structural Engineers, Gn-setsubi Size: 307 m² No. of Residents: 13 Completion Date: 2013

38

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

Narrative Similar to a dormitory this co-housing unit focuses on creating a shared experience through communal space. The private bedrooms are clustered across two floors and mezzanine built around the hallow core of the building. The large volumes in the shared spaces create an emphasis on the communal areas. The large volumes also allow for natural light to fill the entire space. Programmatically each room is solely dedicated to its main purpose. This

provides clarity of design, but creates both strengths and weaknesses. The communal kitchen interaction that integrates socialization into everyday living. The shared living areas are similarly each dedicated to varying degrees of privacy, allowing users to control their exposure to others. The downside of singularly dedicated rooms is that their function is not flexible. The bedrooms are committed to singular beds and function almost solely

as a place of rest. This prevents couples from being in the same room, restricting user freedom. Similarly, there is only one communal bathroom which creates a major problems in terms of occupant comfort. The design works well spatially and uses variations in height to effectively situate room in a multilevel design that emphasizes a sense of community.

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

39

Parti The space is divided using a Tatami mat 2x1 grid.

Circulation Residents move throughout the space along a series of stairs that intersect the horizontal planes.

Circulation Vertical Circulation

40

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

Public/ Private Spaces interact with eachother though the place emnt of horixzontal planes, creating moments of three story vertical sightlines and moments of privacy under planes.

Public Private

Natural Lighting The building is layed out in a way as to allow maximum amount of light thoughout the central atrium.

Natural Light

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

41

Synthesis Mixed Program

Community Wellness

Resident Organization

1180 Fourth Street combined various programs to create architecture that response to the needs of the community it resides. Such as affordable housing, retail, community space, private green space, and resident parking. Providing opportunity to neighborhood revitalization with attractions that draw in shoppers to drive local economy.

The Grand Rapids Downtown market demonstrate the concept of centralized urban food hubs that focus on wellness through food. The program supports this concept with elements such as urban farms, food stations, and incubator kitchen space and using architecture to support these functions. The market stimulated the local economy and peaked interest in wellness in the community.

LT Josi Shared House is a conceptpual precedent to explore how architecture can influence community and shared behavor. Sightlines and layering of space were combined on horizontal and vertical planes to define private and pulbic zones.

Highlighting the importance of large spaces for accidental interactions that support the creation of community.

Take-Aways 42

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

Notes 1 "1180 Fourth Street / Mithun-Solomon + Kennerly Architecture and Planning" 02 Mar 2016. ArchDaily. Accessed 20 Dec 2021. <https://www.archdaily. com/782946/180-fourth-street-mithunsolomon-plus-kennerly-architecture-andplanning> ISSN 0719-8884 2 “Grand Rapids Downtown Market.”

Architect, June 10, 2015. https://www. architectmagazine.com/project-gallery/ grand-rapids-downtown-market.

3 "LT Josai Shared House / Naruse Inokuma Architects" 18 Apr 2014. ArchDaily.

Accessed 20 Dec 2021. <https://www. archdaily.com/497357/lt-josai-naruseinokuma-architects> ISSN 0719-8884

03 District 6 : Precedent Study : 3.1

43

Size & Zoning Site Context3 E 16th Ave.

E Colfax Ave. Site Boundary Site

14th Ave.

Building Adjacencies5 1

3

2

16

14 15

5

4

17

6

7

8

18

19

10

9

20

21

11

23

22

12

13

24 26

30

25

32

28

27

33

31

29

46

35 34 36

47

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

48

49

St Paul's Lutheran Church Grosvenor Arms Tyba Architects 16 Penn Law Firm of Darrell S. Elliot, P.C. AME Acquisitions Annabel Lee Barrett January Independence Institute WellAttended Belong Church The Sawaya Law Firm Denver Homeless Out Loud 14 Health First Colorado

50

51

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

37

52

38

53

Colorado Catholic Conference Logan Tower Cathedral Plaza Denver Community Church Sonder | The Essex Denver Police Department District 6 The Clarkson Denver Turnverein Dance Center Redstone Payment Solutions Tiemeier & Stich P.C USPS Capitol Hill Annex Open Door Ministries

43

41

39

42

40

54

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

55

56

57

The Kentom Hawthorn Apartments Monarch Society Morris Apartments Filmore Auditorium Center for Policy Research United States Postal Service Colorado Education Association Cahedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception Mcdonald's Bourbon Gril Toms Diner X BAR

58

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

59

63

60 61

1UP Arcade Bar Wedny's Pita Grill & Hookah Ogden Theatre Blockbuster Papa John's Pauls Liquors Capitol Hill Books Exile Kitchen Tasth Thai Nob Hill Inn La Abeja CityVet Kyu Ramen Cheba Hut

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

64

62

55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64

Slice Works Argonaut Wine & Liquor Good Times Burgers & Forzen Custard Gyroz Charlie's Denver Days Inn Conoco Grease Monkey Palmemory Ramada Hotel

Site Analysis : 3.2 44

45

44

Project Site Zoning9 Current zoning for Lots 1-4 zoned for townhouse and storefronts including a maximum height of 70’-0”.3

C-MS-8 (8 Stories)

Buildable Area

Clarkson St.

Washington St.

G-RO-3 (3 Stories)

Property Line

E Colfax Ave.

Current Lot The current lot is primarily used as a parking lot for the Denver Police. The exsiting structure has been condemed and will be demolished.

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

45

Location Building Height Adjacencies9 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8+ Stories

8 Stories

Up to 3 Stories

Existing Development

The proposed site is currently zoned as Main Street 8 (C-MS-8) which is has a building height limit of 70’-0” and a floor story max. of 8 stories. The Denver Zoning Code Article 7 – Urban Center suggests the use of Townhomes or Storefronts in this area. The neighboring and adjacent buildings are zoned for 3-8 stories.3

Natural & Man-made Features Topographic Map5

The area on and aroundt he defined site is relatively level and descends toward the southeast.

46

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

Site Boarder

The area surrounding the site has a variety of trees, but is largely composed of locust, oak, and maple species. There are multiple mature trees on the site currently and in the surrounding area.

Oak

Maple

Locust

Street Vegetation6

Market Context4 7

Existing Apartment Complexes

Food Retailers

Average Monthly Rent: $1,645

Locally Owned

Average Complex Size: 27 Units

Chain Fast Food

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

47

Existing Structure

The current structure sits on the corner of Washington St. and Colfax Ave. The main street front is currently home to a large mural and is shared with 1Up Arcade bar.

Surrounding Structures - East

To the East of the site is the Historic Fillmore Auditorium. This venue was established in 1907 as a roller rink and has had a variety of functions throughout the years such as a car factory, to flea market, an indoor ice rink and nightclub, before ultimately transforming into a live music venue

48

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

Surrounding Structures - North

The Northern site boundary meets 16th street, this road is planned to best serve pedestrians and cyclists. The area around 16th street is primarily multifamily residential.

Surrounding Structures - West

The West edge of the site is adjacent to additional multifamily residential and a large amount of open lots dedicated for resident parking.

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

49

Existing Circulation5 Vehicular Major Pedestrian Minor Pedestrian Bus Route Bike Rack

Existing Utilities5 Power Line Tornado Siren Street Light Fire Hydrant Trash Can

50

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

Affordable Housing

Food Security

Research has pointed out an overwhelming need for affordable housing, that has spiked in recent years.

Food stores with lower quality food and fast-food restaurants are most prevalent in urban neighborhoods.

The average apartment in Capitol North costs $1,457 a month for a one-bedroom, well above the $1,271 Colorado average

There is a need for access to high quality food at more affordable prices

Destination Amenities Given the location, the site is in a prime location to offer a destination venue that serves the current residents and attracts additional large scale service projects

Take-Aways 03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

51

Notes ¹ “Denver Neighborhood Demographics” U.S. Census Bureau. 2021. https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/8f82 5bc1878149e48d04f9b8b09fbbf2 ² “Denver Food Vision” The City of Denver. 2021. https://www.denvergov. org/files/assets/public/public-health-andenvironment/documents/cbh/denverfood-vision.pdf 3 “Increase In Homelessness In Denver Metro Area” CBS Denver. 2021. https://denver.cbslocal.com/2021/08/05/ homeless-common-sense-institute/ 4 “Denver Real Estate Market” Norada.

2021. https://www.noradarealestate. com/blog/denver-real-estate-market/ 5 Google Earth, Google, https://earth. google.com/.

6 Idelle. “Denver Native Plants.” Good Environmental News Blog, Ijdesign, 24 July 2020, https://www.ijdesign.com/blog/ native-plants-for-denver/.

7 “Denver Neighborhood Demographics” U.S. Census Bureau. 2021. https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/8f82 5bc1878149e48d04f9b8b09fbbf2 8 “North Capitol Hill” The Piton Foundation.

2 0 2 1 . h t t p s : / / d e n v e r m e t ro d a t a . o r g / neighborhood/north-capitol-hill 9 Denver Community Planning &amp; Development. “East Central Neighborhood Planning Initiative.” Denver Community Planning & Development, 8 Sept. 2020.

52

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

Notes (User Analysis) ¹ “Denver Neighborhood Demographics” U.S. Census Bureau. 2021. https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/8f82 5bc1878149e48d04f9b8b09fbbf2 2 “North Capitol Hill” The Piton Foundation.

2 0 2 1 . h t t p s : / / d e n v e r m e t ro d a t a . o r g / neighborhood/north-capitol-hill

03 District 6 : Site Analysis : 3.2

53

Stakeholders After examining residential demographics, three stakeholders were identified as users to design for. Young Adults, personas between the ages of 20-30 who currently live in North Capitol Hill. Retail workers, those whose primary income is from retail work. Individuals, those who live alone in the North Capitol Hill neighborhood.

Retail Workers

Individuals

Young Adults

Retail Workers2 Almost half of the jobs in the area are Public service jobs, Therefore there is need to create a workforce targetted to the young adult user.

North Capitol Hill Household Demographics

Industrial Jobs Other Jobs Retail Jobs Public Jobs

User Analysis : 3.3 54

03 District 6 : User Analysis : 3.3

Young Adults2 The majority of North Capitol HIll Residents are between the ages of 20-30. promting the question of how can North Capitol hill maintain this primary demographic.

Average Resident Age in North Capitol Hill

2500

2000

1500

1000

9

9

80

-8

9

-7 70

9

-6

-5

60

9

50

-4

9

40

9

-3

-2

30

9

20

-1 10

0-

9

500

Family Typeologies2

North Capitol Hill Household Demographics

Householder Not Alone

Family Households

There is a lot of diversity amoung household typolgies in the north capitol hill neightborhood.

About half of individuals live alone, and the other lives with their family or others.

Married Couple Families Other Types of Families Female Householder No Husband Present Male Householder No Wife Present

Householder Alone

03 District 6 : User Analysis : 3.3

55

Young Adults Group Desires

Group Characteristics

Daily Activites & Schedule

Social Determinants

Community

New to workforce

Commute to work

Close to activities

Entry Level/ Part-time Job

Exercise

Proximity Places to go near by

Grocery shop

Cost

Affordable Food Affordable Housing

20-29 Years Old May be new to the area

Get together with friend

Task Breakdown

Commute to Work

Socialization

Why: Provide from themselves

Why: Mental health & human connectivity

How/Tasks: Using public transportation, Personal vehical

Hobbies Lack family & social connections Lack Career Field

Friction Points: -Lack of parking - Inconstant bus times

How/Tasks: Gathering, event participation

Grocery shopping

Why: Gather ingredients and supplies How/Tasks: Going to the grocery store

Friction Points: -Lack of transportation

Friction Points: -Lack of food retail options

-Isolation

- Lack of good food at food retailer

Families Group Desires

Economy

Group Characteristics

Daily Activites & Schedule

2 or more person households

Caring for children

Variety of ages

Traveling to work/ school

Affordablilty Rent increases forcing residences out of the neighborhood

Housework

Access to wellness

Preparing meals

Lack of childcare

Support Network Childcare

Social Determinants

Downsizing Safety Stable housing

May be at risk for homelessness

Transportation

56

03 District 6 : User Analysis : 3.3

Task Breakdown

Preparing Meals

Why: To sustain family

Caring for children

Traveling to Work/ School

Why: Providing for Why: To educate family children and provide

How/Tasks: Gathering ingredients, preparing food, cooking

How/Tasks: Watching child, assisting with homework

Friction Points: -Lack of food retailers Time spent cooking -Lack of cooking knowledge

Friction Points: Alone during the time between school and work - Lack of time to complete other tasks after work

How/Tasks: Public transportation or personal transportation

Friction Points: -Lack of parking - Inconstant bus times

Retail Workers Group Desires

Housing close to friends/work Opportunities for upward career growth

Group Characteristics

Daily Activites & Schedule

Young Adult

Loading & unloading products

Housing Lack of affordable housing in the area

Daily deliveries

Lack of Parking

Preparing product

Social burnout From intense interactions with customers

Minimum wage employment

Intuitive work environment

Customer service

Social Determinants

Restorative spaces Clean-up

Spatial Limitations

Task Breakdown

Loading and unloading products Why: To gather supplies for the end product How/Tasks: Unloading trucks, organizing stored goods

Preparing product

Why: Provide Why: To have clean revenue stream for serving utensils the business How/Tasks: Gather supplies from storage, prepare items

How/Tasks: Collecting dirty dishes, take to dish wash, store clean dishes

Friction Points: -Long distance to storage

Friction Points: -Corralling dishes

Dishes Friction Points: -Heavy product

Trash removal

- Lack of storage - Long distances

Dish clean-up

- Lack of space to prepare item

Distance dishwash

to

Spatial Responses After identifying the needs of the user program can be developed to fit those needs.

Spatial Responses

Level 1

Addressing Basic Needs Access to food retail Affordable housing Access to transportation

Level 2

Level 3

Assisting in Upward Economic & Provide jobs close Social Movement to home Opportunities for entrepreneurship Impromptu meetings to Access to skill increase Social development Capital Community Growth

03 District 6 : User Analysis : 3.3

57

Program Development Residence

Food

Community

Rent increases have created a affordable housing crisis in the North Capitol Hill neighborhood. Using the large site to supply the neighborhood with more housing units is a primary programmatic function. As well as programing each unit to provide features that support a high quality of life such as laundry, private balconies, and workout facilities.

The primary conceptual element of District 6 is using architecture to demonstrate the food process from growing, to cooking, and consuming food. Programmatic functions that facilitate the concept include a large food hall with an incubator kitchen, food retail stalls, educational kitchen and a vertical urban farm.

Many cultures gather around cooking and eating food. The program aims to use the food process concept to educate the residents and guests on food from other cultures and food growth. Outdoor spaces, a venue, educational kitchen, and farm tours are programed in the space to support the concept.

Housing Laundry

Work Out

Meditation

Day Care

Residence

Cleaning

Outdoor Space Commons

Meeting

Storage

Community Food Hall

Co-Op

Incubator Kitchen

Farm

BOH

Food

58

03 District 6 : User Analysis : 3.3

Gathering Venue

Education Kitchen

Project Goals

Goals

Objectives

01

Keep current residents in the neighborhood

01

02

Rent controlled housing to provide stable housing for current North Capitol Hill residence.

Increase job opportunities along Colfax Ave. and create entrepreneurship opportunities.

02

03

Promote wellbeing and healthy food habits.

Provide a space for local businesses that support new business and provide space for a growing work-fromanywhere culture.

04

Establish a means of sustainable and local food production.

03

Create opportunities to educate users on healthy food and general wellbeing

04

Grow and distribute fresh produce in the north capitol hill neighborhood

“

Project Statement This project aims to repourpose the lot of a former public service building to grow food, education, and community along Colfax Ave through providing housing, retail, and food production. Fostering community and promoting wellbeing and healthy food choices to the current residents of North Capitol Hill and a destination to bring others back to Colfax.

“

Take-Aways 03 District 6 : User Analysis : 3.3

59

Residence Space

Occ. Type

Occ. Load

Type

Approx.

SQ. FT.

Units

Total Approx.

SQ. FT.

Total Occupancy

Studio Apartment

R-3

200

Private

650

12

7,800

39

1 Bed/ 1 Bath Apartment

R-3

200

Private

800

17

13,600

68

2 Bed/ 2 Bath Apartment

R-3

200

Private

1100

15

16,500

82

Residence Lobby

A-3

15

Public

500

1

500

33

Laundry

A-3

15

Private

600

5

3,000

200

Workout

A-3

15

Private

600

3

1,800

120

Community Space

Occ. Type

Occ. Load

Type

Approx.

SQ. FT.

Units

Total Approx.

SQ. FT.

Total Occupancy

Green Space

U

300

Private

10,000

1

10,000

36

Venue

A-2

15

Public

2,400

1

2,400

166

Common Spaces

A-3

15

Public

500

3

1,500

100

Meeting Room

B

100

Private

400

2

800

8

Rentable Offices

B

100

Public

700

7

4,900

49

Programming : 3.4 60

03 District 6 : Programming : 3.4

Food Space

Occ. Type

Occ. Load

Type

Approx.

SQ. FT.

Units

Total Approx.

SQ. FT.

Total Occupancy

Farm

U

300

Private

10,000

3

30,000

100

Food Hall

A-2

15

Public

12,500

1

12,500

833

Incubator Kitchen

F-1

200

Private

6,000

1

6,000

30

Food Stalls

F-1

200

Private

200

12

2,400

12

Anchor Restaurant

F-1

15

Public

1,600

1

1,600

107

Anchor Kitchen

F-1

200

Private

500

1

500

4

Bar Stalls

A-2

15

Public

480

4

1,920

128

Diner

A-2

15

Public

915

1

915

61

Residence

Food

Community

Creating a variety of apartment layouts cater to the diversity of household typologies among current Colfax residents.

The food system is demonstrated in the programmatic functions. Urban Farm grows the food that is prepared in the incubator kitchens that is then sold in the food stalls in the food hall.

The food systems process is then shared with the people of Colfax and beyond.

Spaces for events, tours, and skill classes provide entertainment and education.

03 District 6 : Programming : 3.4

61

Program Adjacencies

Resident Activities

Spatial Hierarchy

Residential

Apartments

Food Growth

Resident lobby

Workout Facility

Parking

Food System Laundry

Food Growth Meeting Space

Residents

Venue

Community Space

Incubator Kitchen

Laundry

Day Care

Educational Kitchen

Courtyard

Market

Outdoor Space Access Workout Facility

Food

Public Residential

Education

Circulation Types

In section, the program mimics the food production flow starting with growth.

Parking Access Venue

16th St.

Resident lobby

Laundry

Apartments

Laundry

Venue

Food Hall

Urban Farm

Private

Residential Activities should be arranged in a way that minimizes travel distance for residents

Outdoor Space

Educational Kitchen

Commercial

Outdoor Space

Urban Farm

Food Market

Individual Units

Door Dash Incubator Kitchen

Food Market

Educational Kitchen Food Hall

Employees

Vehicle Parking

Food Retail

Residents

Venue Urban Farm

Venue

Bar Stalls

Washington St. Direct

Indirect

Access and connections to outdoor spaces have been proven to improve overall health and wellbeing. Controlling access to various exterior spaces is important to create a comfortable and safe environment

62 ##

03 District 6 : Programming : 4.4

Food Hall

Colfax

The Fillmore

Food Hall

Clarkson St.

Food Residential Education The site's shape creates limited Colfax Ave. streetface to develop. To combat this, a large, unique and eye catching element is placed in the front to draw users into the site.

Direct

Indirect

Direct circulation to parking was determined to best locate vertical circulation paths. The decision to locate parking below grade was to provide event parking to the Filmore Auditorium

Initial Programming Colfax Ave.

Programmatic Bubble Diagram #1 Green Space

Apartments

Food Hall

Apartments

Resident lobby

Food Market

Incubator Kitchen

This programmatic arrangement relieves the streetface along Colfax and provides opportunity to break while walking. However, does not engage the Washington St. facade that is adjacent to the Filmore.

Green Space

Parking

Clarkson St.

Programmatic Bubble Diagram #2 Colfax Ave.

Farm

Apartments

Food Market

Apartments

Food Hall

Resident lobby

This scheme places the farm at the focal point along Colfax, while also activating the Washington St. facade. However, there is a lack of visibility to the food hall from the street front.

Incubator Kitchen

Green Space

Clarkson St.

03 District 6 : Programming : 4.4

## 63

Preliminary Schemes Massing Studies

Envelop

Slope

Erode

This scheme is intended to draw users in from the Filmore Auditorium and create a semi-private exterior space along Clarkson St.

The intent of this scheme is to add visual interest to the Colfax and Washington St. intersection. Additionally, the terraces provide space for additional exterior square footage.

Inspired by the mountains adjacent to denver, this scheme explores form and program stacking to increase building heights along Colfax, without overshadowing the residential neighborhood along 16th St.

Schematic Design 64

03 District 6 : Schematic Design : 3.5

Mid-Review Scheme

Major Massing Moves Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

The massing first extrudes the site plan up to maximize square footage along Colfax.

Then the form erodes at the corners of the building to open the building to the users. The curve cut was done to maximize visibility to the food hall from the corner of

Colfax and Clarkson St. Lastly, a portion of the southeast was vaulted to create relief from the boxy form and add a classic architectural element to the building. The roof is occupied along the West edge to provide room for the urban farm and

give views of the farm to the surrounding structures.

: 3.5 03 District 6 : Schematic Design : 3.5

65

Spatial Context The building responds to the traffic that will influx the space on the corner of Washington and Colfax as well as along Clarkson.

x lfa

Co

Parti The parti accents the primary circulation core that creates a division between public and private programmatic functions

66

03 District 6 : Schematic Design : 3.5

e.

Av

Interior Circulation Public Users Residential Users Vertical Circulation

Program Circulation Townhouses Retail Apartment Units Food Retail & Education

03 District 6 : Schematic Design : 3.5

67

Mid-Review

Mid-Review : 3.6 68

03 District 6 : Mid-Review : 3.6

The ground level contains the food hall, food stalls, townhouses, and various office space.

03 District 6 : Mid-Review : 3.6

69

Residential

Level 1 - Townhouse Enlarged Plan

Level 2 - Townhouse Enlarged Plan The remaining 3 levels are primarily used for apartment units. Level 2 additionally containing a mezzanine level for the food hall, creating an additional level for seating and programing.

70

03 District 6 : Mid-Review : 3.6

Apartment Massing The apartments are designed in a way that maximizes quality of life for the users.

Providing each unit with a double height space and balconies.

Apartment Unit Level 3 - Apartment Enlarged Plan

Level 4 - Apartment Enlarged Plan

The apartments are organized in a modular system that combines four units, two 2 bed/1 bath and two 1 bed/1 bath

03 District 6 : Mid-Review : 3.6

71

Massing Studies Multi-Family Residential Level-up Arcade Bar

Private Residential

Community Public

The Filmore Auditorium

Contextual Influences

Contextual Adjacencies

Parti

The form shifted around the context surrounding the site. Giving breathing room to the Level-up arcade bar and space for food trucks and other streetfair adjacent to the Fillmore.

The context informed the organization of the form to better respond to it's surroundings. Places the most community focused programs, such as the market and farm towards Colfax and Apartments in the most private and residential area.

The circulation intersects the space similarly to the intersection of Park and Colfax a few blocked East. The yellow line symbolizes a back of house highway and the green, guest circulation. The junction is where the who meet and culture is shared by food.

Program 16th St.

Resident lobby

Laundry

Apartments

Incubator Kitchen

Food Market

Educational Kitchen Food Hall Venue Urban Farm

Colfax Washington St.

Clarkson St.

Food Residential Education Referring back to the original program diagram, the finial organization responds to the spatial needs of the block and support the established spatial hierarchy

Program Block Circulation Townhouses Retail Apartment Units Food Retail & Education

Development : 3.7 72

03 District 6 : Design Development : 3.7

Spatial Informed Massing Private Residential

Community Public

Prospect and Refuge

Circulation

Food Growth

The courtyard creates degrees of prospect and refuge. The inner circle being the most secluded for a high degree of privacy.

The space circulates along the parti and is repeated on the various levels as a consistent design element.

Food is grown in the southwest corner of the complex. The farm spans the upper three levels and grows pick-able fruits and vegetables, Micro Greens, Roots and Tubers, and Leafy Greens. Producing 8001200 pound of food per day which is sold at the market below. The building shades the interior to suit the produce grown.

1

2

3

4

5

6

Major Massing Moves

03 District 6 : Design Development : 3.7

73

Back of House - Food Hall The back of house is organized to follow he flow of food into the food hall. Starting with the food delivery bays that are located near the storage rooms. These storage spaces have access to communal prepping and cooking spaces that go to the point of sales stalls.

Point of Sale Cooking Preparation Storage Deliveries

Front of House - Food Hall THe front of house is organized to allow primary access to the kitchen from the Point of Sale food stalls. The bar stalls are places along the exterior to interact with the 1Up Arcade bar and nightlife scene.

Bar Stalls Show Kitchen Anchor Restaurant Point of Sale

74

03 District 6 : Design Development : 3.7

Interior Inspiration The interior finishes were inspired by the culture and aesthetic of Colfax Ave. The infamous street consist of primarily brick facades and is a rather neutral canvas.

However, the brick facades are painted with vibrate murals and street lamps coated in colorful signs.

Spatial Influences The food hall is a blend of dining experiences, to balance the convergence, furnishings are used to define use and locate the ideal seating type for each program

03 District 6 : Design Development : 3.7

75

212

1318 SF

Tenant Storage UP

213

1307 SF

Mechanical

210

Bicycle Storage

UP

Parking Level Plan

Ground Floor Plan

Final Scheme : 3.8 76

03 District 6 : Final Scheme : 3.8

Second Floor Plan

Third Floor Plan

03 District 6 : Final Scheme : 3.8

77

Site Plan

North - South Section

78

03 District 6 : Final Scheme : 3.8

East - West Section

North - South Section

03 District 6 : Final Scheme : 3.8

79

Colfax Ave. Approach

80

03 District 6 : Final Scheme : 3.8

Clarkson St. Approach

Residents Courtyard

03 District 6 : Final Scheme : 3.8

81

212

1318 SF

Tenant Storage UP

213

1307 SF

Mechanical

210

Bicycle Storage

UP

Food Hall, Display Kitchen

Food Hall, Food Stalls

82

03 District 6 : Final Scheme : 3.8

Venue

Apartment Unit

03 District 6 : Final Scheme : 3.8

83

84

Just the Fax Vital Design 4.1

Precedent Study

86-101

4.2

Site Analysis

102-113

4.3

User Analysis

114-123

4.4

Programming

124-125

4.5

Schematic Design 126-127

4.6

Mid-Review

128-137

4.7

Final Scheme

138-157

Introduction Carly Temming, 5th year ARCH Natalie Cox, 5th year ARCH Claire Yackley, 5th year IAID Through prior research, the project team identified the impact of several social determinants on the overall health of a neighborhood and its residents including food insecurity, the current housing crsisi in Denver, CO and the consideration of social capital. The site visit to Colfax Avenue brough home many of the points previously identified as contributing to the vitality of neighborhoods and the project team was able to identify key issues and users that could guide the overall design of the project.

04 Just the Fax :

85

Victim Refuge Housing for Victims of Domestic Violence1 Specs Architect: Jacobs Yaniv Architects & Amos Goldreich Architecture GC: Efrata 2003 Ltd. Client: No To Violence Location: Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel Size: 15,000 SQ Cost: $5 million Completion Date: 2018

Predecent Study : 4.1 86 04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

Narrative A minimalist garden courtyard surrounded by brick buildings forms The Ada and Tamar De Shalit House, a shelter for victims of domestic violence near Tel-Aviv in Israel.

The building, inspired by the artist Chillida’s hollowed out mountain; rough on the exterior and in contrast the secure and protective interior with the therapeutic garden as the heart of the shelter, provides a gestural hug to its inhabitants.

The building comprises a cluster of small houses that are staggered along two sides of the site. The internal corridor separates these spaces from the communal

courtyard to give them a sense of privacy and separation. The corridor encircling the center courtyard is lined with glazing to allow mothers to watch their children playing and to create a varying degree of privacy between the internal and external spaces. A particular interesting amenity is the full time daycare facility which is situated at the entrance of the building which allows mothers to drop off and pick up with easy. The shelter houses a diverse range of functions - communal areas, a kindergarten, a computer room, laundry facilities, kitchens and a

refectory, independent living quarters for each family, staff accommodation, office areas for the shelter’s manager and staff (including social workers, a child psychologist, housemothers, a child care worker, and a part-time lawyer).

There are additional professional workers: psychotherapist, drama or arts therapists, as well as volunteers such as cosmeticians, hairdressers, reflexology and martial arts practitioners, and others helping children with their studies and computer skills.

04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

87

Ground Level Plan The central courtyard is blocked in on all sides by programming that allows continuous visual connection to the exterior from interior spaces. As a refuge for families escaping from violent situations, a sense of security provided by constant visibility is essential.

Parti The organizing thought behind the overall design is the slightly skewed Meander Greek motif which has symbolic meaning associated with unity. Here the buildings shape curls in on itself offering a sense of safety and embracing hug to its users. ​

88 04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

Form & Tectonics With safety as a key feature, the exterior of the building’s mass is limited in openings with only the occasionally skewed windows for daylight. The buildings sightlines are directed to the center allowing mothers to keep an eye on playing children.

Mass Void

Program The program of the building is divided among four distinct zones. At the entrance is the guest services that leads the user to the courtyard and to the individual family rooms. And lastly the only two story portion of the building is administration area. ​ Family Rooms Courtyard Guest Services Administration

04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

89

Circulation Supporting the concept of neighborhood, the exterior circulation allows movement through adjacencies to take place much like in a street setting while the interior corridor acts as a unifying element.​ Exterior Circulation Interior Circulation

Spatial Surveillance & Security The central courtyard is blocked in on all sides by programming that allows continuous visual connection to the exterior from interior spaces. As a refuge for families escaping from violent situations, a sense of security provided by constant visibility is essential.

Interior Circulation Exterior Circulation Views to Courtyard

90 04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

91

MLK 1101 Supportive Housing2 3 Specs Architect: Lorcan O’Herlify Architects LA: LINK Client: Clifford Beers Housing Location: Los Angeles, CA Size: 34,000 SQ Completion Date: 2019

92 04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

Narrative MLK1101 is a multiuse project located in Los Angeles, California which incorporates supportive housing, retail, and support services for the tenants. The project was designed by LOHA architects to house formerly homeless veterans, chronically homeless, and low-income families. The project was organized so that retail units sit on the ground floor and are open to the street while the residential and community spaces are shielded on the second floor from the busy LA roadways. The retail use also capitalized on as a form of subsidy for the affordable units above. Central to the design intent is the creation of an environment that fosters social interaction and community engagement. The

residential use of the building is formed so that residents shared pathways and there are wide alcoves that accommodate impromptu gatherings of people. There are 26 residential units, 18 one-bedroom and 8 three-bedroom, which are clustered in an L-shape on the second floor and up.

A shared common space which includes a lounge area and kitchen is tied to the residential form by an open community garden that sits in the nook of the L. This wrapping of spaces around each other keeps the idea of promoting community and social engagement at the forefront of the design by giving the tenants a visual and interactive connection. The neighborhood is also invited into this

elevated courtyard by a staircase that rises between the two store fronts. The wings of housing do not look into each other, and the community center across the green space creates a visual and auditory barrier to the roadway below. This contributes to the tenants’ sense of ownership within the complex. They also are able to decide what events they engage in, have guaranteed access to a green space, can walk up to their doors without barrier, and have operable windows as well. This all simulates the benefits of single family residency as well as the uplifting attributes of a intimate community.

04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

93

Public & Private The form implements provides a path for pedestrians up to the second level. The courtyard continues into the commons space and gradually becomes more private. Adjacent to the public space, the apartments are clustered and more private.

Public Private

Community-Centric Circulation The organizing thought behind the overall design is the slightly skewed Meander Greek motif which has symbolic meaning associated with unity. Here the buildings shape curls in on itself offering a sense of safety and embracing hug to its users. ​ Gathering Spaces Primary Circulation

94 04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

Programming

Housing

Parking

Courtyard

Community Space

Retail

The complex accommodates many uses which leads to a diverse mix of people and activities. This creates an active environment and thus a place that is safe and welcoming to the wide range of ages and interests that use the spaces.

Security

Secure spaces Green roof

The high residential development to the north and east, the community center to the south, and the natural elements throughout the green courtyard provide cover and privacy to create a sense of comfort and security to the occupants of the space.

04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

95

Greenpoint

Library & Environmental Education Center4, 5, 6, 7 Specs Architect: Marble Fairbanks GC: Westerman Construction Client: Brooklyn Public Library Location: Brooklyn, NYC, NY Size: 15,000 SQ Cost: $23 million Completion Date: October 2020

96 04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

Narrative Opened in late 2020, the Greenpoint Library and Environmental Education Center designed by Marble Fairbanks brings life and culture back into an area of Brooklyn, NYC long neglected. In 1978, a massive oil spill in the East River was not only an ecological disaster but would take years of litigation and slow remediation to overcome resulting in strain on an already vulnerable community. The Greenpoint community center was conceptualized as a response to this disaster by simultaneously providing a unique focus on sustainability and the local eco-system as well as

retaining and bolstering the existing multiethnic working class. Situated on a corner lot, two orthogonal masses are stacked and rotated at ninety degrees to each other to provide views to both sides of the street and also draw in passerbys from the two sides. The stacked arrangement also presents an opportunity for multi-tiered green space. Starting at grade, the plaza green space incorporates native grasses and permeable surfaces which supplies an underground retention tank. The grade-level plaza is extremely public with degrees of privacy introduced through

each new level with the second level reading garden and rooftop classroom becoming increasingly private and secure.

Daylight also plays an important role in the building’s composition by implementing degrees of full sun to partial shade to full shade to maximize the comfortability within the space and natural light. Large, insulated glass expanses also provide a visual connection for the interior to the exterior with a backlit entrance canopy offering further street-level security and draws passerbys in for a moment of education, inspiration, and restoration.

04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

97

Shading & Daylight Sweeping, deep-set louvers on the west and south east facades provided partial shade to infuse interiors with strategic daylight. The ground floor facade is open to full daylight but is mitigated by the cantilevered mass above.

Louvered shade Diffused Shade via cantilever

Views4 Situated on a corner lot, the community center integrates an extensive glass facade to provide views toward both sides of the street encouraging interior/exterior visual continuity and general security.

98 04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

Massing The Greenpoint center is a simplistic composition of two volumes stacked and rotated at ninety degrees to provide maximum viewing out to the street and side walk. Mechanical is staged on top of the middle form and assist garden programming.

Greenspace & Passive Systems The stacked orthogonal volumes rotated at right angles presents the opportunity for three tiers of green space. The grade level provides a shared public green space and degrees of privacy and security are added through vertical placement.

Passive systems are also incorporated in the form of water retention tanks, solar panels, and deep-set louvers on the glazed facade.

Greenspaces Passive Strategies

04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

99

Synthesis Safety & Security

Social Engagement

Connection to Nature

The second design strategy that is present among all three case studies is the sense of safety and security within these green public spaces. Here the users can feel comfortable taking part in social engagements because they are supported by the architecture. The library’s design offers the use of greenspace at an elevated level enhancing prospect views which has been linked to feelings of safety and surveying. In addition, the “MLK1101 Supportive Housing offers a sense of refuge with the protection at ones back enhanced with the building “L” shape. And also offers an additional sense of security with the notion of eyes on the street. Lastly, the most strongly supported sense of safety would be the shelter for women and children. Here the building hugs the user in a circular motion at the centered courtyard increasing the heighten sense of security.

The first design strategy explored is in the obvious use of greenspace in each project. Here the architect’s use biophilia and the connection to nature to unify the intended users together. In the “Shelter for Victims of Domestic Violence”, the architects use the centered courtyard to entice users out of their rooms and allow children to play freely under the watchful eye of their mothers. This offers a social and psychological aspect to the greenspace.

Similarly, “MLK1101 Supportive Housing” project offers a common greenspace that invites the users out of their homes to partake in social engagement. And the “Greenpoint Library and Environmental Education Center” uses rooftop gardens to unify its community through social engagement with the education of the demonstration gardens as well as the pollinator habitat.

The first design strategy explored is in the obvious use of greenspace in each project. Here the architect’s use biophilia and the connection to nature to anchor the building programmatic functions. In the , “MLK1101 Supportive Housing” project and the “Shelter for Victims of Domestic Violence”, the architects direct the main views toward the gardens enhancing wayfinding properties.

The library’s connection to nature was paramount in the building form allowing for two different rooftop gardens.

Take-Aways 100 04 Just the Fax : Precedent Study : 4.1

Notes 1 Sagredo, Rayen. “Shelter for Victims of Domestic Violence / Amos Goldreich Architecture + Jacobs Yaniv Architects.”

ArchDaily, ArchDaily, 11 May 2018, www. archdaily.com/894042/shelterfor-victimsof-domestic-violence-amos-goldreicharchitectureplus-jacobs-yaniv-architects 2 Caballero, Pilar. “MLK1101 Supportive Housing / Lorcan O’herlihy Architects.”

ArchDaily, ArchDaily, 3 Nov. 2020, www.archdaily.com/950370/mlk1101supportive-housing-lorcanoherlihyarchitects 3 Cogley, Bridget. “Loha Tops MLK1101 Housing in Los Angeles with Sloped Green Roof.” Dezeen, 9 Aug. 2019, www.dezeen. com/2019/08/08/mlk1101-housing-lohalos-angeles/ 4 Davidson, Justin. “Greenpoint’s New Public Library ‘Makes You Want to Move in.’” Curbed, 28 Oct. 2020, www.curbed. com/2020/10/greenpoints-new-publiclibrary-makes-you-wantto-move-in.html.

5 Lentz, Linda, C. “Turning a Page.”

Architectural Record, vol. 209, no. 3, Mar. 2021, pp. 76–81. EBSCOhost, searchebscohostcom.er.lib.k-state.edu/login. aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14 8939636&site=ehost-live.

6 “Greenpoint Library and Environmental Education Center.” SCAPE, 22 Sept.

2021, www.scapestudio.com/projects/ brooklyn-publiclibrary-greenpoint-branchenvironmental-education-center/ 7 Smith, Lilly. “Why This Brooklyn Library Is Betting on a Future That’s Bigger than Books.” Fast Company, Fast Company, 23 Oct. 2020, www.fastcompany. com/90567017/why-this-brooklynlibraryis-betting-on-a-future-thats-bigger-thanbooks

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101

Size & Zoning Site Context E 16th Ave.

Park Ave.

E Colfax Ave. Site Boundary Site

14th Ave.

Building Adjacencies5

R3

29

30

31

R3

R3

R3 R1

11,16 R3

26

R3

14

34

1 Papa John’s Pizzaria 2 Paul’s Liquors Metro by T-Mobile 3 Kinga’s HD Escape Rooms 4 Tooey’s Las Margs 5 Post Office 6 Open Door Ministies 7 Attorney Office 8 US Postal Carrier Annex

R3 R1

R1 R1

40 R3

20

R3

4

1

13

9

M

35

R1 R3

R1

R3

25

21 R1 R1 R1

R3

15

36

5

10

16

R3

R3 6

7 R1

R1

R1

R1

R1

8

R3

R1

R1

R3

R3

12

R1

R3

R3

17

27

22

11

R3

18 R1

28

2

V

33

V

V

V

R3

R1 19 3

39

R3

38

M

M

R3

M

23

24

37

R3

32

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Touchstone Imaging Acoustical Consultant Law Office Project Safe - UC Alpine Dog Brewery Bad Axe Throwing Ogden Theater Colfax Strong Waxing Hair Removal Emerson House Center for Policy

19 20 21 22

26 French for Sugar 27 New Directions 28 Free Bake Lutheran Family Services 29 Office 30 31 Law Office 32 Studio Urban Land Conservancy 33 23 Anytime Fitness 34 24 Alta Court Offices 35 25 Wendy’s 36

Filmore Auditorium Coworking Space Solis Mansion Law Firm Belong Church Worldwide Navigators Grease Monkey Days Inn Charlie’s Denver Gyroz Good Time Burgers

37 Skateboard Shop Tattoo Shop 38 LGBT Community Center 39 Marijuana & Adult Shop 40 Counseling Office

Site Analysis : 4.2 102 04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

Project Site Zoning Current zoning for Lots 1-4 zoned for townhouse and storefronts including a maximum height of 70’-0”.3 PROPERTY LINE

LOT 2

136’-0”

Residential (3 Stories)

BUILDABLE AREA

LOT 4

PROPERTY LINE

E. COLFAX AVE.

PROPERTY LINE

7’-5” SIDE STREET SET BACK

73’-0”

63’-0”

N. MARION ST.

LOT 3

113’-0”

ALLEY EASEMENT

10’-0” ALLEY SIDE INTERIOR SESTBACK

BUILDABLE AREA

10’-0” ALLEY SIDE INTERIOR SESTBACK

158’-0”

162’-0”

7’-5” SIDE STREET SET BACK

N. DOWNING ST.

LOT 1

88’-0”

PROPERTY LINE

C-MS-5 (5 Stories) C-MS-8 (8 Stories) Buildable Area Setbacks Property Line

Current Lot The current street context is currently being underused as a Papa John’s Takeout Pizzeria. This building is set back into the lot creating unnecessary parking. An alley separates the Metro Mobile and Liquor Store. Here a 1900 building shares a party wall with the liquor store.

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103

Location Building Height Adjacencies3

The proposed site is currently zoned as Main Street 5 (C-MS-5) which is has a building height limit of 70’-0” and a floor story max. of 5 stories. The Denver Zoning Code Article 7 – Urban Center suggests the use of Townhomes or Storefronts in this area. The neighboring and adjacent buildings are zoned for 8 stories.

Natural & Man-made Features Flood Plain & Drainage Patterns4 ,8

5300’ 5301’ 5302’ 5303’ 5304’ 5305’

5306’

5307’

Potential inundation areas are locations where streets are not equipped to handle a major flooding event and so stormwater runoff accumulates. Some parts of City Park West would experience depths of 12” with a water flow from southeast to northwest.

104 04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

Oak

Maple

Locust

Street Vegetation5 ,6

The area surrounding the site has a variety of trees, but is largely composed of locust, oak, and maple species. Trees help reduce the heat island effect, sequester carbon, and provide shading. There is a comfortable amount of coverage in the residential neighborhoods around the site north of Colfax Ave., but an insufficient amount along Colfax.

Green Street Proposal2

To assist with the lack of permeable surfaces in the area, green streets were proposed on E 16th Ave., N Downing St., N Marion St., & the alley between. This will improve the overall green infrastructure in the area and is a neighborhood quality the proposed project may integrate within its own design.

04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

105

Impervious Surfaces2, 4 ,5 The existing site has an extremely high percentage of impervious surface – 99% impervious and only 1% pervious surface.

Impervious surfaces contribute to the heat island effect as well as flooding and depletion of water quality. The Five Points/ Capitol Hill Water Quality Basin, which the site resides in, was found to have poor water quality, making the use of green infrastructure a priority. These streets were noted as an opportunity to implement a green street: E 16th Ave., N Downing St., N Marion St., & the alley between.

Site is 99% impervious.

Contribution to Heat Vulnerability2, 10 City Park West is considered highly vulnerable to heat vulnerability, with a score of 84.60. Of the population in this area, 41% are without vehicle access and 14% have an ambulatory disability that may make them less able to thermoregulate. High urban surface temperatures contribute to the island heat effect, and these can be lowered by a high degree of canopy coverage over paths and integration of green infrastructure and pervious surfaces. This is especially important for public spaces and transit rider amenities.

Heat Vulnerability 84.6

106 04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

Built Environment

Health

Poverty

Isolation

Neighborhood Characteristics The area surrounding the site is primarily older construction which uses lighter to mid toned brick and moldings. The building form, especially among residential units, often has a variety of roof shapes which are expressed along the front façade, bay window, and a raised first floor. Many buildings also include a balcony and porch.

04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

107

Circulation & Utilities Circulation Mapping5

Around the proposed project site is a multitude of circulations and is especially unique regarding the number of bus stops located directly on the site. The site will continue to be a hub of activity though the project will integrate this activity with further security and safety.

Pedestrian Path

Bus Stop

Project Site

Bicycle Path

Rapid Transit Stop

Activity Hubs

Vehicle Path

Crosswalk

Truck/Alley Access

Stoplight

Utilities5

The map shows the various current utilities at the site. Presented are the current light poles as well as the sewage system and stormwater drainage.

108 04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

Public Sewer Lines

Electric Light Pole

Public Sewer Manhole

Storm Manhole

Sewer Flow Direction

Public Stormwater

Project Site

Sensory Qualities Sensory Factors & Influences

Hear: Traffic See: Many vehicles Smell: Exhaust

Hear: Truck beeping See: Trucks blocking alleys Smell: Trash and exhaust fumes

Hear: Talking and laughing See: Groupings of people Smell: Body odor and fragrances

Hear: Trash blowing See: Overflowing dumpsters Smell: Trash and refuse

Site Views2,7

2 1 3

4

04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

109

Thematic Maps

Local Amenities & Services Locations5, 7

Existing essential services and amenities are limited in number or missing entirely from the immediate project area. Creative needs are also not being met as the area is devoid of any makerspaces or studios. There is an obvious need for these services which the proposed project model may capitalize on.

Salon/Spa

Healthcare Service

Grocery

Counseling Service

Daycare/Childcare

Existing Homeless Camps & Refuges1 ,9

Grease Monkey Auto Shop Colfax Ave. & Corona St.

Lutheran Family Services E 16th Ave. & Marion St. to Downing St.

Current homeless populations gather in two major identified locations near the project site. One of the larger gathers is located on the street of a Lutheran Family Service center which the project developer may partner with to help assist in decreasing the homeless population in the area.

110 04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

Lack of Basic Ammenities

Large Homeless Population

Little to no ammenities such as laundro-mats, healthy corner stores, or salons in the immediate area.

Large gatherings of homeless individual along Colfax, particularly around the local Lutheran church.

Few green spaces and similar places to rest along Colfax.

A visible need to provide housing for vulnerable populations.

Future Developments Rapid Transit stop will bring an increase of transit users directly to the project site.

Current Ramada apartments to be developed into largescale residential housing development providing more potential retail users.

Take-Aways 04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

111

Notes ¹ Davis, Angela. “‘Wall of Forgotten Natives’ Lays Bare Mpls. Housing Crisis.” WCCO | CBS Minnesota, WCCO | CBS Minnesota, 12 Sept. 2018, https:// minnesota.cbslocal.com/2018/09/12/ mpls-homeless-camp/.

Denver Community Planning ² &amp; Development. “East Central Neighborhood Planning Initiative.” Denver Community Planning & Development, 8 Sept. 2020.

3 “Denver Zoning Code.” Denver The Mile High City, City & County of Denver, https://www.denvergov.org/Government/ Agencies-Departments-Offices/ Community-Planning-and-Development/ Denver-Zoning-Code.

“Floodplain.” Denver Maps 4 Floodplain, City & County of Denver, https:// www.denvergov.org/maps/map/floodplain.

5 Google Earth, earth.google.com/.

Google,

https://

6 Idelle. “Denver Native Plants.”

Good Environmental News Blog, Ijdesign, 24 July 2020, https://www.ijdesign.com/blog/ native-plants-for-denver/.

7 Laundry Solutions Company.

“Improving the Laundromat Experience Laundry Solutions Co..” Laundry Solutions Company, 17 Aug. 2020, https://www. laundrysolutionscompany.com/improvingthe-laundromat-experience/.

8 Robson, Stanley G. “Geohydrology of the Shallow Aquifers in the Denver Metropolitan Area, Colorado.” Hydrologic Atlas, USGS, 1 Sept. 1996, https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/ publication/ha736.

112 04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

9 Schroeppel, Ken. “Proposed Residential Roundup, Part 1.” DenverInFill, DenverInFill, 30 Dec. 2019, https:// denverinfill.com/2019/12/proposedresidential-roundup-part-1.html.

Weather Spark. “Climate and 10 Average Weather Year Round in Denver Colorado, United States.” Denver Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Colorado, United States) - Weather Spark, https://weatherspark.com/y/3709/ Average-Weather-in-Denver-ColoradoUnited-States-Year-Round.

04 Just the Fax : Site Analysis : 4.2

113

User Identification Research Synthesis

Identification

Foundational Research

Primary User

•

Lack of representation and cultural stimulation.

•

Homeless Women

•

Homeless Children

•

Need to contribute to the community potentially through equitable housing.

•

Homeless Elderly & Aging

•

Transit Users

Denver Site Visit •

•

Witnessed the scale of homelessness and the lack of many essential services along Colfax.

Began to understand the "grit" embedded in both the built environment and the people.

Secondary User •

Business Owners

•

Business Employees

•

Project Developer

•

Immediate Neighborhoods

Site Analysis •

Opportunity to take advantage of future developments like the rapid transit system.

•

Recognized a lack of green space and places to rest along Colfax Ave.

60%

92%

have children under the age of 18 nationwide

experience severe physical or sexual abuse in lifetime

Homeless Women

Homeless mothers

User Analysis : 4.3 114 04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

Homeless Elderly Group Desires

Group Characteristics

Daily Activites & Schedule

Social Determinants

Dignity & Respect

Below Average Health

Find place or activity to spend the day

Transportation To appts, interviews, etc.

Sense of Security

Mental Health Concerns

Access to food

Sense of Stability

Lack family & social connections

Use restroom

Digital Connectivity Timekeeping Making appts.

Emails & calls

Lack Career Field

Hygiene maintenance

Isolation

Look for job

Socializing

Tranquility Convenient Healthcare Affordable Food

Health Lack proper nutrition Sleep deprivation

Seek shelter No Address

Affordable Housing

No Familial Connection

Task Breakdown

Maintain Hygiene

Looking for Meals

Socialization

Why: Basic human survival

Why: Mental health & human connectivity

Why: Maintain health/hygiene,

How/Tasks: Gathering, event participation

How/Tasks: Wandering & trespassing

Friction Points: -Isolation -Public aversion -Lack of transportation to socializing events

Friction Points: -Locked/fee for Restroom -Access only with purchase -Unstocked and/ or unclean

How/Tasks: Begging, looking through trash, charity drives

Friction Points: -Low quality products -Low nutrition food (expired) -General public aversion

Transit Users Group Desires

Efficiency Economy

Group Characteristics

Daily Activites & Schedule

Social Determinants

Collective (United by shared experience)

Transportation to transit stop

No car/walk to stop -Reliance on transit -Must bring personal cargo on-board

Punctuality

Arriving/Waiting for transit

79% aged 25-54 Convenience Comprehensive

Schedulebound Movement

Reading/ understanding routes Boarding & disembarking Acquiring fare Carrying personal affects (Groceries, bikes, strollers, bags)

Disabilities impact movement & comprehension Lack money or mobile device to acquire transit pass

Task Breakdown

Carrying Personal Affects

Waiting for Transit

Boarding & Embarking

Why: Arriving on time

Why: Movement from one stop to the next

Why: Lack personal transportation

How/Tasks: Walking up/down steps onto transit

How/Tasks: Carrying bags, pushing strollers, carrying bikes

Friction Points: -Inaccessible boarding platforms -Crowding/shoving -Exhaust

Friction Points: -Convenient item deposit areas -No surfaces for placing heavy cargo to rest

How/Tasks: Standing (few seats provided), crowded, on devices, reading route maps Friction Points: -Cleanliness -Few seating options -Exposure to elements -Boring wait times

04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

115

Business Owners Group Desires

Group Characteristics

Daily Activites & Schedule

Visibility

Local business

Accessible

Mom & pop shops

Loading & unloading products

Access to Site Clear to load & unload

Individuality

Community leaders

Daily deliveries

Trash Routes Trash & snow removal

Popular

Banking appts.

Employ people within the community

Communication (Calls, emails, etc.)

Social Determinants

Cleaning

Digital Connectivity Internet & telephone

Clearing snow or ice

Spatial Limitations

Appts. with clients/ customer relations

Task Breakdown

Loading & Unloading Products

Mailing & Shipping

Bank Deposits / Finances

Why: The need to ship products to earn revenue

Why: Deposit money into bank to grow/sustain business

Why: Need to restock and deliver products

How/Tasks: Transportation to bank, build bank relationship

How/Tasks: Use forklifts, loading docks, and storage space

How/Tasks: Buying postage, mailing checks, shipping products

Friction Points: -Reaching new customers -P.O. efficiency & the human factor

Friction Points: -Transportation -Business credit -Access to technology

Friction Points: -Access to loading equioment -Unsightly loading bays -Traffic congesttion

Homeless Women Group Characteristics

Daily Activites & Schedule

Seeking job opportunities

Autonomy

Isolation (Social & Physical)

Stability & Security

Invisibility (Survival tactic)

Group Desires

Housing

Access to nutritious food & healthcare

Victims of violence

Childcare Access to basic ammenities

116 04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

Going to govt. agencies Attending food services Finding showers & restrooms Looking for basic resources Looking for places to sleep

Social Determinants

Transportation To appts, interviews, etc.

Digital Connectivity Timekeeping Making appts.

Emails & calls Health Lack proper nutrition Sleep deprivation No Address

Task Breakdown

Looking for basic resources (Food & Shelter)

Seeking Job Opportunities

Finding Showers & Restrooms

Why: Basic human survival

Why: Seek financial security

How/Tasks: Begging, looking through trash, charity drives

How/Tasks: Begging, looking through trash, charity drives

Why: Maintain health/hygiene, dealing with menstrual cycles

Friction Points: -Low quality products -Low nutrition food (expired) -General public aversion

Friction Points: -Transportation to job -No home mailing address -Employer image -Hygiene

How/Tasks: Wandering & trespassing

Friction Points: -Locked/fee for Restroom -Access only with purchase -Unstocked and/ or unclean

Hierarchy of Needs Self-fulfillment Needs Restoring Mental Well Being

SelfActualization

Counseling Services, Rooftop Garden, Courtyard, Transit

Esteem Needs

Physiolgical Needs

Economic and Social Support Repair shop-Makers space, Childcare Center, Financial Assistance, Social Services, Transit Stops, Community Gathering

Love/ Belonging Needs

Basic Needs

Safety Needs

Addressing Physical Needs Laundromat-Cafe, Salon-Juice Bar, Cornerstone-Pantry, Social & Housing Services, Residences, Public Showers and Restrooms, Fitness Track

Physilogical Needs

Spatial Responses Spatial Responses

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Addressing Basic Needs

Assisting in Upward Economic & Social Movement

Introducing Mentally Stimulating & Inspirational Elements

Mixed-Income housing Provide clean Showers & RRs Public water fountains Roof-top garden Grab ‘n Go food option

Counseling services (near main circ. route) Employ project residents (transportation unnecessary) Financial services

By breaking down the daily tasks of homeless women, key friction points and social determinants were identified that the project would need to address.

The spatial responses were broken down into three levels of need with level one addressing basic needs, level two addressing financial education, and level three providing mental stimulation and creative outlets currently lacking among homeless women.

Makerspace Allow venue space for pop-up market in plaza Art / Graffiti walls Stage for live music

04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

117

Overlap of Need

Women

Though the primary users have specific identities and cultures, many needs and desires overlap between groups. These shared needs maintain a heirarchy over others and should be accomodated to most effectively provide for the majority of user groups.

Female Health Care Self Image / Dignity Financial Independence

Childcare Continuing Education

Autonomy Job Support Access to Transit Stability Financial Assistance Security Support Group

Hygiene Transit Green Space Community Mental Stimulation Health Care Access to Nutrition

Play Areas Basic Education Outdoor Rec Space Task Assistance Critical Protection/Enclosure

Low Impact Environment Technology Assistance

(supervision)

Children

Dual-Sided Program By introducing a philanthropic element at the granular retail scale, new streams of revenue are generated to provide opportunities and services for lowincome and homeless users.

118 04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

01

Elderly

Computer Repair & Makerspace

02

Laundro-mat & Cafe

Business

Philanthropic

Business

Device Repair Shop

Free computer accessibility

Laundry Services

Technology education & design space

Virtual & faceto-face options for financial advising

Folding Stations

Private conference/call booths

Coffee Counter

Philanthropic Laundry credits Clothing drives

Workstations

Pay it forward options

Program Development Level 1 : Addressing Basic Needs

• • • • • • • • •

Space

Occ. Type

Occ. Load

Approx.

SQ. FT.

Repair Shop/ Maker Space

B

150 Gross

3,000 SQF

Laundro-mat/ Cafe

B

150 Gross

1,750 SQF

Salon/ Juice Bar

B

150 Gross

1,500 SQF

Cornerstore / Pantry

M

60 Gross

2,700 SQF

Counseling Office

B

150 Gross

1,750 SQF

(Low-income) 2-BR Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,100 SQF (single unit)

(HIgh-income) 2-BR Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,300 SQF (single unit)

(HIgh-income) Single Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,100 SQF (single unit)

Roof-Top Garden

Uncovered = none

See Childcare

2,000 SQF

Childcare Center

I-4

35 Net

2,000 SQF

Outdoor Seating / Eating

A-2

Fixed seating?

Outdoor Stage

A-5

5 Net

Transit Stops

A-5

15 Gross

Showers & RRs

U or accessory

600 SQF (Total)

Specialty Essential Privacy Circulation Equipment Qualities Open Concept LightingControl Visually clean Warm/Inviting Smell of coffee Visually clean Warm/Inviting Smell products

FFE

Lab Workstations Washers Seating (Plumbing consid.) Folding Dryers Stations Server / AV Desktops

Schedule

Shared

Both

Shared

Both

Shared

Both

Washing Stations (plumbing considerations)

Seating

9am-8pm

Organized Natural quality Daylight

Shared

Both

Refridgeration Freezers

Seating

24 hour

Acoustic Control Sightlines

Shared

Both

TBD

9am-5pm

Private

BTS (Behind the Scenes)

TBD

Private

BTS

Washers & Dryers

TBD

Private

BTS

Washers & Dryers

TBD

Private

BTS

Irrigation Water Collection Benches Elevator for elderly

Private

BTS

Elevator for elderly access

TBD

Public

Main

Trash Receptacles

TBD

Public

Main

Stramp

TBD

Public

Main

Trash Mapping

TBD

Public & Private

Both

Inviting Individualized Access greenery Inviting Individualized Access greenery Inviting Individualized Access greenery

Smell garden Hear birds Watch clouds Sightlines Daylight Biophilic Hear chatting Smell food Feel grass Hear music Smell food Feel grass

Clean Daylight?

Acoustic & temp control

Showers Non-Slip / WC Water Sinks resistant Changing Stations surfaces

9am-8pm

24 hour

24 resident access 6am-7pm

24 hour access

Mixed-Income Housing - Creating income-controlled housing options Laundro-mat - Addressing clothing hygiene Salon - Addressing bodily hygiene Public Showers & Restrooms - Addressing bodily hygiene Water Foutains - Providing a free public water source Corner Store - Providing healthier food options Pantry - Providing a convenient grocery delivery drop-off location Cafe - Revenue generating for laundro-mat non-profit services Juice bar - Revenue generating for salon non-profit services

04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

119

Level 2 : Economic & Social Improvement Space

Occ. Type

Occ. Load

Approx.

SQ. FT.

Repair Shop/ Maker Space

B

150 Gross

3,000 SQF

Laundro-mat/ Cafe

B

150 Gross

1,750 SQF

Salon/ Juice Bar

B

150 Gross

1,500 SQF

Cornerstore / Pantry

M

60 Gross

2,700 SQF

Counseling Office

B

150 Gross

1,750 SQF

(Low-income) 2-BR Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,100 SQF (single unit)

(HIgh-income) 2-BR Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,300 SQF (single unit)

(HIgh-income) Single Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,100 SQF (single unit)

Roof-Top Garden

Uncovered = none

See Childcare

2,000 SQF

Childcare Center

I-4

35 Net

2,000 SQF

Outdoor Seating / Eating

A-2

Fixed seating?

Outdoor Stage

A-5

5 Net

Transit Stops

A-5

15 Gross

Showers & RRs

U or accessory

600 SQF (Total)

Specialty Essential Privacy Circulation Equipment Qualities Open Concept LightingControl Visually clean Warm/Inviting Smell of coffee Visually clean Warm/Inviting Smell products

Lab Workstations Washers Seating (Plumbing consid.) Folding Dryers Stations Server / AV Desktops

Schedule

Shared

Both

Shared

Both

Shared

Both

Washing Stations (plumbing considerations)

Seating

9am-8pm

Organized Natural quality Daylight

Shared

Both

Refridgeration Freezers

Seating

24 hour

Acoustic Control Sightlines

Shared

Both

TBD

9am-5pm

Private

BTS (Behind the Scenes)

TBD

Private

BTS

Washers & Dryers

TBD

Private

BTS

Washers & Dryers

TBD

Private

BTS

Irrigation Water Collection Benches Elevator for elderly

Private

BTS

Elevator for elderly access

TBD

Public

Main

Trash Receptacles

TBD

Public

Main

Stramp

TBD

Public

Main

Trash Mapping

TBD

Inviting Individualized Access greenery Inviting Individualized Access greenery Inviting Individualized Access greenery

Smell garden Hear birds Watch clouds Sightlines Daylight Biophilic Hear chatting Smell food Feel grass Hear music Smell food Feel grass

Clean Daylight?

Acoustic & temp control

Public & Private

• Counseling Services - Improving mental health care for target users • Childcare Services - Alleviating the burden on job-seeking parents • Financial Advising - Virtual & In-person options - located in makerspace • Generating on-site employment opportunities: -Retail jobs -Janitorial services -Restroom attendants -landscape maintenance

120 04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

FFE

Both

Showers Non-Slip / WC Water Sinks resistant Changing Stations surfaces

9am-8pm

24 hour

24 resident access 6am-7pm

24 hour access

Level 3 : Mental Stimulation & Inspiration

• • •

Space

Occ. Type

Occ. Load

Approx.

SQ. FT.

Repair Shop/ Maker Space

B

150 Gross

3,000 SQF

Laundro-mat/ Cafe

B

150 Gross

1,750 SQF

Salon/ Juice Bar

B

150 Gross

1,500 SQF

Cornerstore / Pantry

M

60 Gross

2,700 SQF

Counseling Office

B

150 Gross

1,750 SQF

(Low-income) 2-BR Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,100 SQF (single unit)

(HIgh-income) 2-BR Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,300 SQF (single unit)

(HIgh-income) Single Units

R-2

200 Gross

1,100 SQF (single unit)

Roof-Top Garden

Uncovered = none

See Childcare

2,000 SQF

Childcare Center

I-4

35 Net

2,000 SQF

Outdoor Seating / Eating

A-2

Fixed seating?

Outdoor Stage

A-5

5 Net

Transit Stops

A-5

15 Gross

Showers & RRs

U or accessory

600 SQF (Total)

Specialty Essential Privacy Circulation Equipment Qualities Open Concept LightingControl Visually clean Warm/Inviting Smell of coffee Visually clean Warm/Inviting Smell products

FFE

Lab Workstations Washers Seating (Plumbing consid.) Folding Dryers Stations Server / AV Desktops

Schedule

Shared

Both

Shared

Both

Shared

Both

Washing Stations (plumbing considerations)

Seating

9am-8pm

Organized Natural quality Daylight

Shared

Both

Refridgeration Freezers

Seating

24 hour

Acoustic Control Sightlines

Shared

Both

TBD

9am-5pm

Private

BTS (Behind the Scenes)

TBD

Private

BTS

Washers & Dryers

TBD

Private

BTS

Washers & Dryers

TBD

Inviting Individualized Access greenery Inviting Individualized Access greenery Inviting Individualized Access greenery

Smell garden Hear birds Watch clouds Sightlines Daylight Biophilic Hear chatting Smell food Feel grass Hear music Smell food Feel grass

Clean Daylight?

Acoustic & temp control

Private

BTS

Irrigation Water Collection Benches Elevator for elderly

Private

BTS

Elevator for elderly access

TBD

Public

Main

Trash Receptacles

TBD

Public

Main

Stramp

TBD

Public

Main

Trash Mapping

TBD

Public & Private

Both

Showers Non-Slip / WC Water Sinks resistant Changing Stations surfaces

9am-8pm

24 hour

24 resident access 6am-7pm

24 hour access

Green Space - Public & private - Cater to social gathering and relaxation Roof-top Garden - Providing sense of ownership and home Technology Repair & Education Makerspace - Career building & inspiring

04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

121

Project Goals

Goals

Objectives

01

Providing mixed-income housing that is part of a live, work, play neighborhood.

01

02

Create an inclusive, outdoor, public space that is safe for the vulnerable homeless populations who currently lack a secure outdoor space for play and socialization.

Integrate rapid bus transit with built project components through alignments, visual organization, circulation and biophilic elements to encourage interaction between the two.

02

Encourage local business through stimulus benefits and employment opportunities to women and elderly in need with retail component (potential tax initiatives).

03

Establish security within the corner lot site by establishing a 24 hour block with perimeter retail, street views / surveillance from built components, and deliberate lighting strategies.

04

Mixed-income housing to be integrated with other essential services like parks, employers, financial/job advisors, grocers, laundromats, transportation, etc. through massing, circulation, and programmatic organization to create a “fully serviced” and secure neighborhood.

03

Provide a space for local businesses that promote health & wellness, social equity, and economic opportunities for women, children, and the aging.

04

Employ formerly homeless women and elderly.

05

Increase utilization and opportunity of the rapid bus transit system.

“

Project Statement This project aims to provide essential resources to the east central area community through the built environment by utilizing public greenspace, cluster/granular retail, and mixed income housing to provide a safe “fully serviced” neighborhood while also combatting the increasing rate of homeless women, children, and aging population of Colfax Ave, in Downtown Denver, Colorado.

“

Take-Aways 122 04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

s 04 Just the Fax : User Analysis : 4.3

123

Program Adjacencies

24-Hour Block

Restroom Dichotomy

Transit Amenities

Retail Block Retail Occupants

Retail Block

Retail Block

Green Space / Plaza

Private Showers & Restrooms

Childcare Center

MultiIncome Residents

Trash

Private

Transit Stop

Public

Transit Users

Grocer & Coffee Vender

Public Showers & Restrooms

Computer Cafe

Picnic / Outdoor Eating Space

Route Map General Public

Route Map

Street

Transit Stop

Trash

A prominent adjacency lies in the creation of a 24-hour visual block for the main exterior plaza by implementing retail blocks with schedules ensuring eyes are always on the plaza.

To accommodate both public and private users and to ensure cleanliness and minimal attendance, two restroom and shower programs will be developed respective to the two user groups. Access for public restrooms will be off the street wil private restrooms are accessible from the interior.

Adjacencies surrounding the main exterior plaza accommodate transit user needs by creating sightlines toward relavent programmatic elements like the grocer, computer cafe, and childcare to ensure the transit user’s experience is as efficient and comprehensive as possible.

Green Plaza

Circulation Types

Vertical Relationships

Ambient Lighting Seating

Childcare Services

Housing Lockers & Mailboxes

Private Behind the Scenes Restrooms Circulation

Green Space / Plaza Transit Stop

Art Piece Stage (Heart of Plaza)

Roof Top

Middle tier Green

Multi-Income Housing

Counseling Services

Second Level

Seating Main Circulation

Water Fountains

Roof Top Garden

Transit Stop

The experience within the main exterior plaza is defined by the strategic placement of seating and adjacencies to music opportunities, transit, and ammenities like water fountains. Ambient lighting is incorportated throughout to heighten the overall sense of security.

Public Restrooms

Showers & Accessible Restrooms Housing

Retail

Retail

Green Space

Transit Stop

Street

Separating circulation enhances the experience for both private and public users by providing privacy where necessary and linking both through the hierarchal counseling service space.

Degrees of privacy and security can be applied to spaces as they move up and back through the programmatic arrangement. The transit stop being the most public and accessible and the childcare services being the most protected and private.

Programming : 4.4 124 04 Just the Fax : Programming : 4.4

Program Adjacencies Downing St.

Programmatic Bubble Diagram #1

Private Restrooms

This programmatic arrangement engages the corner of Colfax Ave. and Downing St. drawing in passerbys and transit users. The housing block, in contrast, creates a wall between the busy streets and the private, interior realm. The retail block borders the green space to ensure constant surveillance and heighten the overall sense of security within the shared program.

Retail Space Seating Transit Stop

Retail Space

Green Space

Water Fountains

Back of House Circ.

Housing

Seating

Transit Stop

Public Restrooms

Private Restrooms

Colfax Ave.

Downing St.

Programmatic Bubble Diagram #2 Public Showers & Restrooms

Green Alley Housing

Seating

Seating

Green Space

Murals

Transit Stop

By utilizing the existing service alley as an opportunity for green space, more of the site plot can be engaged by passerbys and transit users. Restrooms are placed more adjacent to transit stops for easier access and the retail block is given greater hierarchy by being situated between to green spaces of varying functionality and privacy.

Retail Space

Transit Stop Colfax Ave.

04 Just the Fax : Programming : 4.4

125

Preliminary Schemes The Neighborhood

Do w

ni

ng

St .

ve. xA

lfa Co

Programmatic Massing

24-Hour Block Views

Circulation

The overall design is creating a new safe street for townhouses while also creating a safe green space where the storefronts wrap around the courtyard.

The corner store and laundro-mat provide 24-hour block views to the site. Additional store fronts that can offer surveillance are indicated in the lighter shade.

By “T”ing off the alley way, this design creates a private street away from the bus stop corner making a safer place for families.

Programmatic Massing

24-Hour Block Views

Circulation

Central massing element acts as a keystone for the overall massing scheme.

This component carries the central mosthierarchy reflecting the importance of the counseling program and shared vs. public circulation paths.

Safety is secured throughout the exterior plaza by building a programmatic “24hour” block around the perimeter allowing views and light out into the plaza at all hours. The laundromat and corner store, both 24 hour programs act as a safety net to ensure constant surveillance on the space.

It was important to identify and separate circulation between public and behind the scenes to accommodate different users. The hierarchal shared passage from public to private is protected by adjoining program which provides constant surveillance of the critical passage.

Keystone

Schematic Design 126 04 Just the Fax : Schematic Design : 4.5

: 4.5 04 Just the Fax : Schematic Design : 4.5

127

Mid-Review Scheme

Major Massing Moves Phase 1

Phase 2

ax

lf Co

e.

Av

The first massing move is oriented to have the retail block embrace the transit stop corner of the lot creating a secure public space on the relatively busy street of Colfax. Housing blocks were introduced next and continued the embracing

Phase 3

ax

lf Co

Phase 4

e.

Av

ax

lf Co

e.

Av

movement of the retail block and was then split to create a second more private outdoor space for housing residents. More housing units were stacked vertically to maximize housing opportunities on the site and finally the keystone mass reflecting

ax

lf Co

the combined childcare and counseling services locks the arrangement in place and establishes its heiararchy in the program.

Mid-Review : 4.6 128 04 Just the Fax : Mid-Review : 4.6

e.

Av

Contextual Height Relationships

5 4 3 2 1

5 4 3 2 1

5 4 3 2 1

Replacing the Papa John’s that was marked as uncharacteristic to the character of Colfax, the project integrates with the context by sharing heights with the adjacent building. The retail awnings align with the molding detail adjacent, and the undulating roof line of the residential averages out to the second story height across the street as well.

House Profile Articulation

The house profile exists in countless variations but all maintain the association of home, family, and security. By combining and layering the different types of housing profiles present in the Colfax area, traditional and modern design movements throughout the project can maintain a similar visual connection to the neighborhood and also pull on the associations of the forms with family and security.

04 Just the Fax : Mid-Review : 4.6

129

Programming The program is broken down into four main components including retail, housing, services, and outdoor space.

The arrangement ties together the neighborhood element and protected courtyard of the previous schemes into an arrangement that maximizes outdoor and retail space for public users and simultaneously accomodates the individuality and privacy desires from residents.

Housing Retail Green Space “Keystone” Counseling Services

. ve xA

lfa Co

Vertical Circulation Core

Exterior Circulation Pedestrian circulation flows around the main public green space and filters through the main passage from public to private. Vehicular traffic follows Colfax Avenue around onto the bordering streets of Downing and Marion while emergency vehicles have direct access into the project site.

M

ar ion

Housing Retail Green Space “Keystone” Counseling Services

. ve xA

Do wn

in

130 04 Just the Fax : Schematic Design : 4.5

g

St

lfa Co .

St

.

Shading : Height Manipulation

5 Floors

Heights were increased toward the back of the arrangement to maximize daylight captured during winter months. Front blocks were lowered so casted shade would be as minimal as possible. Sun and heat captured during the winter will be released back into the space during the night as a form of passive heating.

4 Floors

3 Floors

x lfa Co

e.

Av

x lfa Co

e.

Av

Interior Circulation The main interior circulation follows the spine between retail and housing and connects both the first and second floor to major exits on the exterior.

. ve xA

lfa Co

04 Just the Fax : Schematic Design : 4.5

131

Design Vocabulary

Form •

Overlapping & stacked forms responding to the design language of contextual neighborhood buildings.

Structure

Connection

•

Brick in-fill with timber skeleton / main frame

•

•

Drywall where needed to maintain acoustical qualities

•

Black metal secondary frame (non-load-bearing) and used sparingly

Embedded and overlapping connections to accentuate the language of layering seen across all scales.

Materiality

Color

•

Various brick patterns + metalfunction & aesthetic of colfax

•

Raw materials (brick, wood, concrete) provide a muted, natural, and clean base

•

Lines integrated among color/ material blocking scheme (overlapping)

•

Wood - Warmth & accessible • Concrete - Retains heat during the day to disperse at night, inexpensive, texture variation

Colored lighting may be introduced to signal mood and spatial functions

•

•

Introduces directionality and wayfinding with lines and blocking scheme defines spaces

132 04 Just the Fax : Mid-Review : 4.6

Detail

Retail Block Exploration

x lfa Co

e.

Av

Programming Components - Profit vs.

Non-Profit

Glazing- Plaza Connection Business Program Philanthropic Program

The retail space introduces a dual program with one half accommodating revenue generation (typical business model) and the other half incorporating non-profit services. The revenue generating half covers the cost of the non-profit services for disadvantaged users. By integrating both programs within the same space, the line between profit and non-profit is blurred to entice a wider range of users to the services provided.

04 Just the Fax : Mid-Review : 4.6

133

Housing Exploration

x lfa Co

e.

Av

Programming Components

Circulation Core Gathering Space Back of House & Private Program

The townhouse typology was utilized as a result of the various opportunities for individualization desired by users seeking a greater sense of ownership and independance. The townhouse also offers an element of modularity to maximize spatial utilization on the site without sacrificing the user experience.

Additionally, townhouse and walk-ups offer accessibility to users with limited mobility like disabled and elderly users.

134 04 Just the Fax : Mid-Review : 4.6

Exterior Exploration

x lfa Co

e.

Av

Site Plan

The exterior green spaces are comprised of varying degrees of privacy but all maintain a universal sense of security by wrapping the space with program on two of the four sides. The program provides constant visual monitoring of the exterior, and additionally, the corner elements have a 24 hours schedule acting as a safety net for constant surveillance. The more private neighborhood exterior plaza follows the same criteria with housing fronts providing constant visual connection. In context, this indicates users like mothers and guardians are able to maintain unobstructed views to children potentially playing in the exterior plazas.

04 Just the Fax : Mid-Review : 4.6

135

Corner at Colfax Ave. & Marion St.

North Elevation

East Elevation

136 04 Just the Fax : Mid-Review : 4.6

West Elevation

Safety & Engagement on Colfax Ave.

Winter Shading

The current form fails to engage Colfax Ave. as requested by the East Central Area plan.

The reviewers pointed out the lack of sunlight and passive heating along the front face of the northern most townhomes.

There is a lack of barrier between the busy Colfax Ave. and the central courtyard as well as a lack of retail engagement.

The risk of ice build up and an unoccupiable space is high with this form arrangement.

Housing Process The reviews suggested that the design team look into the application process for homeless individuals seeking accomodation.

The current program does not accomodate a comprehensive housing service.

Housing Retail Green Space “Keystone” Counseling Services

Winter Solstice

5 Floors 4 Floors

3 Floors

x lfa Co

e.

Av

Take-Aways 04 Just the Fax : Mid-Review : 4.6

137

Just the Fax : Vital Design

Final Scheme : 4.7 138 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

Summary Wellness and fulfillment are at the heart of this scheme. The unhoused women and children begin their journey from uncertainty and fear to confidence and security in the rising, hierarchal form of the “keystone” where services for social, economic, and vital uplift are housed. The embracing form of the mass encourages a sense of security through enclosure as well as allowing for 24-hour surveillance from the retail arm sitting between Colfax Avenue and the residences. The interior courtyard continues the concept of a private neighborhood from the previous schemes, and the ideas of ownership and individualization are expressed through the use of stoops, distinct house fronts, and an undulating roof. These strategies combine to return the women to a sense of pride and stability.

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

139

Massing Moves

Phase 1

Phase 2

Needing a building that provides feelings of support, while aiming to keep residents safe and protected.

Retail storefronts wrapping historic mansions are unique to Colfax Ave.

Creating a retail arm that stays true to historic single-story storefronts that allow views onto Colfax Ave while decreasing winter shadowing.

Phase 3

Phase 4

Phase 5

Forming the building to enhance solar heat gains in the winter and allows for sun to funnel through public openings.

Front porch stoops allow for additional surveying which increases the overall feeling of security and simultaneously enhancing the sense of community.

By providing social services in the keystone, this allows the residents access to essential needs close to home such as healthcare, counseling, and childcare.

140 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

Massing Moves

Phase 6 Known for its harsh winter, it was important to utilize solar heating during the winter, therefore minimizing year long shadowing which may cause excessive icing.

The building’s irregular shape was to capture solar heat gains in the winter but also to shade a vast majority of the south facade by slightly skewing angles.

Light Tan Brick (creates separation between interior courtard & exterior facade)

Emphasizing the visual connection to home, the undulating roof form mimics the iconic gabled house of the surrounding residential neighborhood.

Standing Seam Light Metal Facade

Reclaimed Red Brick from existing structure

Site Plan Emergency & Service Vehicle Vehicular Pedestrian Rapid Transit

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

141

Corner Store

3

A walking path follows the perimeter of the inner courtyard encouraging exercise and social engagement for tenants

Marion St.

24 HR

Downing St.

Site : Views & Health

24 HR

Housing Services & Lobby

Colfax Ave.

2

Circulation

Laundromat & Cafe

Site : Transit on Colfax

142 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

K R

PA R

KI

NG

PA

24 HR

IN

G

1

1

2

3

Site : Walking up to the Keystone

Site : Inner Courtyard

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

143

Programmatic Massing

Keystone

Social Services

Residential Apartments

Residential Townhomes

Retail

144 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

Level 1

DN

UP

DN DN

DN DN

BUSINESS

BUSINESS

PHILANTHROPIC

PHILANTHROPIC

PHILANTHROPIC

UP

UP

BUSINESS

Level 2 O.T.B

DN

UP

O.T.B

UP DN

O.T.B

UP

Keystone Social Services

Residential

UP

Apartments

Residential Townhomes

O.T.B.

Retail

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

145

Level 3 DN

DN

DN

O.T.B.

Level 4 O.T.B.

O.T.B.

DN

O.T.B.

Keystone Social Services

Residential Apartments

Residential Townhomes

Retail

146 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

Keystone

3 2

The Keystone is an important feature of social services. Here the individual is able to be re-homes, have access to childcare, and also recieve healthcare.

All are important spatial responses to the hierarchy of need established during the user identification and programming phases.

1

1

2

3

Administration Services

Childcare Services

Healthcare Services

Level one of the keystoneaddresses the first level of our spatial response scheme by introducing housing and social services capbable of catering to every kind of prospective tenant. Level one is also the first point of contact for more vulnerable individuals like woman and children experiencing homelessness, so the feeling of warmth and support is emphasized throughout the space.

The second level helps address the second level of need by incorporating childcare services and allowing parents to find and maintain jobs thus enhancing their financial security. Additionally, a large number of woman experiencing homelessness are mothers so childcare is paramount to allowing women the freedom to earn a living.

Finally the third level offers clinical and counseling services to address the final tier of need and overall well-being. Healthcare is often hard to come by for women and children experiencing homelessness, so as a response, this clinic treats the mind and body as equals with mental and physical physicians working side by side to help heal their patients.

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

147

Level 1 : Administrative Services

Product : Oak Cadence Manuf. : Kahrs

Product : Inspired Lilac Manuf. : Sherwin Williams

148 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

Product : Atusa Manuf. : Parisa Rugs

Product : Bespoke Mystic Manuf. : Knoll Textiles

Product : Capri Guest Manuf. : Hightower

Level 2 : Childcare Services

Product : Beguiled by the Wild Walls Manuf. : Designtex

Product : Nursery Mountain Decal Manuf. : Pearl Walls

Product : Oak Cadence Manuf. : Kahrs

Product : Lune Blush Manuf. : Wolf Gordon

Product : Major Frequency One Manuf. : Milliken

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

149

Level 3 : Counseling & Clinical Services

Product : Mountain Mural Manuf. : Rocky Mountain Decals

Product : Waterloo Manuf. : Sherwin Williams

150 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

Product : Oak Cadence Manuf. : Kahrs

Product : Lune Carmine Manuf. : Wolf Gordon

Product : Nest Easy Manuf. : Hightower

Retail : Makerspace

Product : Flower Pot Manuf. : Sherwin Williams

Product : Hester Terracotta Manuf. : Designtex

Product : Inspired Lilac Manuf. : Sherwin Williams

Product : Wood Slatted Ceiling Manuf. : Armstrong

Product : Kona Round Table Manuf. : Hightower

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

151

Interior & Exterior Relationship

The trussed CLT system is expressed in the lofted apartments via an exposed ceiling.

The CLT is composed of Blue Kill Beetle Pine which is abundant throughout Colorado and warrants LEED Credit.

Grass berms are introduced in the inner courtyard as an engaging element for children to play on and adds further interest to the landscape creating unique sightlines.

152 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

Open brick faces on the facade provide opportunities to tie in the grafitti and overall art culture of Colfax and grounds the project in the community.

Hearths are included throughout the project on both the interior and exterior to act as a unifying element and enforce the sense of home, warmth, and belonging.

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

153

Housing

2

1 1

Townhome

The townhome is intended for the family affected by homelessness. Here the kitchen is the center of the home with visual connections out to the courtyard - an important aspect of keeping the complex safe.

154 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

2

Apartment

Each apartment has a slightly different floor plan due to the irregular shape of the overall form. The layout of each unit is kept fairly regular however, to maintain views out to the interior courtyard to entice residents down and out to socialize and engage. Additional ADA style apartments are available to encourage intergenerational living.

Loft Apartment The residential units are each two story.

The townhomes which are located on the lower portion and the apartments which are above.

Loft Level 1

Product : Used Brick Veneer Manuf. : Cultured Stone

Product : Oak Cadence Manuf. : Kahrs

Product : Inspired Lilac Manuf. : Sherwin Williams

Product : Subdued Sienna Manuf. : Sherwin Williams

Product : Lana Sofa Manuf. : Hightower

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

155

Model Images

156 04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

“

The Journey Wellness and fulfillment are at the heart of this scheme. The unhoused women and children begin their journey from uncertainty and fear to confidence and security in the rising, hierarchal form of the “keystone” where services for social, economic, and vital uplift are housed. The embracing form of the mass encourages a sense of security through enclosure as well as allowing for 24-hour surveillance from t he ret ail arm sitt ing between Colfax Avenue and the residences. The interior courtyard continues the concept of a private neighborhood from the previous schemes, and t he ideas of ownership and individualizat ion are expressed through the use of stoops, distinct house fronts, and an undulating roof. These strategies combine to return the womento a sense of pride and stabilit y.

-Just the Fax

“

Natalie Cox Carly Temming Claire Yackley

04 Just the Fax : Final Scheme : 4.7

157

158

P+C Vital Design 5.1

Site Analysis

160-167

5.2

Precedent Study

168-177

5.3

Schematic Design

178-191

5.4

Final Scheme

192-209

Introduction Ethan Doherty, 5th year IAID Carl Glosenger, 5th year ARCH John Kalamaja, 4th year LA This design was realized through the efforts of connecting people to form a healthier and happier Colfax and City Park West community. The site sits at one of the most important spots that joins the two future bus transit lines. These transit lines will move enormous amounts of residents in the future and this new location will provide access to amenities just off their normal public transit route.

05 P+C:

159

Districts3 Art District Downtown Business

City of Aurora Park and Colfax Avenue

Denver is one of the fastest growing cities in America, and due to its increasing population there is a demand for more and more transportation. The most important locations to connect would be the larger districts: River North Art District, Business District, and the main residential communities. Our project is set on Colfax Avenue in the City Park West community.

Together our studio is striving to increase the health of the community through architectural moves, and the addition of services.

Site Analysis : 5.1 160

05 P+C : Site Analysis : 5.1

Studio Project Locations

Colfax Avenue is a primary east to west artery through downtown Denver, CO, while Park Avenue is apart of the historic city grid set on a North East angle. All Projects and sites can be seen here.

Site and Neighbors6 Their five way intersection falls in City Park West and was chosen as the site for this project. Through the connection of people this site development will encourage a more equitable, inclusive and connected Colfax and City Park West Community.

LGBT Center

Apartments

Multi-Use

Senior Living

05 P+C : Site Analysis : 5.1

161

Current Site

When visiting Denver we looked for an area that was surrounded by activity and central to the current and future transportation systems. We found all of the qualities that were necessary at the intersection of Park and Colfax Avenue.

Even after meeting our needs, we saw that there were a few other opportunities to better help and protect the community.

162

05 P+C : Site Analysis : 5.1

I-25

E-470

US

-8

5

Denver Transport6

6

I-7

The current Denver transport system, showed that there is already a well established system it just needs to be more utilized.

I-7

6

Denver International Airport PENA BOULEVARD

US-

36

I-2

70

E-470

I-70

I-70 HWY 88

US-58

SMITH ROAD

HWY 2

KIPLIG STREET

SMITH ROAD

US-6

I-70

EAST COLFAX AVE

EAST COLFAX AVE

E. 6TH AVE PARKWAY

I-2

5

HWY-8

HW

Y

83

I-225

HWY 88

E-470

E-470

Buckley Air Force Base

HWY-8

US-285

3

Y8

HW

5

I-2

Bus Rapid Transit4,8 The future rapid bus-line was also a large consideration in the choice of site. This project will create a hub of transit at this current car focused intersection.

05 P+C : Site Analysis : 5.1

163

Existing Services1 There are also very few services nearby to the site. The diagram below shows similar services to this project and site walking distance.

Life Assistance

Wellness

Grocery

Community

Transit

rces,

rs

City Park

Park Ave

To Aurora Direct link Colorado H Hospital/R UCHealth O

Colfax Ave

rces, ert, etc

Cheesman Park

Grocery

Life Assistance

Transit Stations

Wellness

-Higher end markets -Gas station grocery

-Adult Education -Housing assistance -Shelters

-Current bus stations

-Hospitals

Park/Colfax Site

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15 Minute Walk Average .75 Mile

Community Centers -Rec centers -YMCA -Community Centers

Zoning², ⁴ Main Street

Multi-Use

Green Space

Main street zoning was developed in the recent life of the Colfax History, it was developed and implemented in order to save and care for the historical value of the street. This Zoning also defined where this project was required to build up to the street and create greetings and retail fronts for the patrons of Colfax Avenue.

Multi-Unit Zoning was implemented to define areas where multi-unit buildings could be used in order to better develop the surrounding area of Colfax. This allows businesses and residents alike to come together and better inhabit the area. A significant influence here was the 3 stories building height max.

The green space zoning is located around the historical triangle park areas. These parks are located along the historical North East Grid Park Avenue. Their signifiacance lies with the residents of City Park West, however they were a zoning and story that was respected throughout the design of this site.

K

K

K

E AV

FRANKLIN ST

K

R PA

COLFAX AVE

CO

N LAFAYETTE ST

OS-A

FRANKLIN ST

E 14TH AVE

E

E 16TH AVE

N LAFAYETTE ST

E 14TH AVE

FRANKLIN ST

• Max Building Height = 3 Stories • Setbacks Primary = 10 Feet Side Street = 7.5 Feet

COLFAX AVE

E AV

E AV

G-RO-3

FRANKLIN ST

K

R PA

• Maximum Building Height = 5 Stories • Build-To = 70% (On Colfax Avenue) • Setbacks Primary = 10 Feet Side Street = 7.5 Fee E 14TH AVE • No parking between building and main street

COLFAX AVE

N LAFAYETTE ST

FRANKLIN ST

N LAFAYETTE ST

C-MS-8

E 16TH AVE

E 16TH AVE

N LAFAYETTE ST

E AV

FRANKLIN ST

K

R PA

N LAFAYETTE ST

COLFAX AVE

E AV

E AV

E 16TH AVE

COLFAX AVE

E 14TH AVE

R PA

R PA

R PA

E 16TH AVE

• Minimum Zone Lot = 3,000 SqFt • Most are assessed on case by case with the head of parks and committee E

E 14TH AVE

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Site Traffic Studies5, 8 When visiting the site there was also a noticed demand for traffic rerouting that came with the development of closing Park Ave. Existing Vehicular Circulation Proposed Vehicular Routes

Proposed Pedestrian Way/Park Site Boudary

Termination Points of Vehicular Circulation on Park Ave.

Site Demands

Biophillic Opportunity

Social Integration

Engagement Hub

This site is surrounded by historical triangle parks that are unprogrammed and under utilized.

The unhomed population in the area has major needs that can be met by simple services.

Open, programmed spaces will allow the community to gather and utilize the area.

An interior and exterior use of connection to nature can increase the health of users.

Intentionally bringing together the community of residents and unhomed will increase the health of the area.

With new services there will also be demand for employment and engagement of community.

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Notes 1 “America’s Grocery Stores: An Interactive Map of Nearly 20,000 Locations.”

Businessofbusiness.com. Thinknum, April 16, 2000. https://www.businessofbusiness. com/articles/americas-grocery-chainsan-interactive-map-of-nearly-2000-stores/.

2 “City Park West Neighborhood in Denver, Colorado (CO), 80205, 80206, 80218 Subdivision Profile - Real Estate, Apartments, Condos, Homes, Community, Population, Jobs, Income, Streets.” City-data.com, 2021, https://www.city-data.com/neighborhood/ City-Park-West-Denver-CO.html.

Colorado, Denver.

7 “Strava Global Heatmap.” Strava.

Strava, 2021. https://www.strava.com/ heatmap#11.28/-104.91558/39.77630/hot/ all.

8 “Transit Partnership Projects.” RTD Denver, 2021. https://www.rtd-denver. com/projects/transit-partnership-projects.

3 “Denver · Colorado.” Denver · Colorado, 2011, https://www.google.com/maps/ p l a c e / D e n v e r, + C O / @ 3 9 . 7 6 4 5 1 8 7 , 104.995194,11z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!

1s0x876b80aa231f17cf:0x118ef4f8278a36d 6!8m2!3d39.7392358!4d-104.990251.

4 “East Central Area Plan.” Denvergov. org, 2020. https://www.denvergov.org/ content/denvergov/en/communityplanning-and-development/ planning-and-design/Neighborhood_ Planning_Initiative/Planning-Areas/East_ Central_Area_Plan.html.

5 “First Alert Traffic.” KMGH, 2020. https:// www.thedenverchannel.com/traffic.

Fruhlinger, Joshua.

6 Google.com, 2021. https://earth.google. com/web/search/denver/@ 39.76433895,104.85511145,1617.9507

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Introduction In order to better understand the project and how we may be able to create the single best solution, we analyzed three separate precedents to learn some strategies. This first looked at the use of biophelia, while the other two better defined how we could implement our growing concept of social integration and engagement. These precedents better informed us on how to use specific design strategies on the exterior plaza and interior spaces. There were even some notes on indoor and outdoor relations taken.

Predecent Study : 5.2 168

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Projects

Wellness Center

Library Landscape

Cultural Center

The Duke Student Wellness Center has been serving the campus since early 2017. It was designed to improve the health of the university by creating more accessible and effective healthcare facilities. Their program is split into different types of services including, but not limited to physical health facilities, dental care, nutrition services, and counseling services.

Garden Square serves as an extension of Friends Library which is used to capture the attention of passers-by and attract them inside the square or library. Materiality choices were important to achieve the desired programing as a public space and outdoor library. Natural colors and materials were used to create a calm atmosphere transformation.

A/D/O manipulates the shell of an existing warehouse to give it new life as a learning and development hub in Greenpoint, NY. Being located at the intersection of Norman and Wythe Avenue, the former warehouse opens itself up to the wide variety of passersby, offering a number of design resources alongside education opportunities and retail space.

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169

Wellness Center

Duke Student Center2, 5, 6, 8 Specs Architect: Duda|Paine Architects GC: Gilbane Building Company Client: Duke University Size: 71,000 square feet Cost: $25 Million Completion Date: January 2017

Narrative Duke has made a large focus of making it easy for students as well as normalizing the seek of care. With the help of this design Duke has also achieved a longterm goal of their own to achieve the highest standard of clinical care. The most prevalent strategy and execution to do so is the connection to nature and biophilia. hrough the approach of the building, all the way to some of the session spaces located within, there is a blurred barrier between indoors and outdoors.

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Site

Vegetation

Circulation

The wellness center is located on Duke’s college campus. Strategically placed between their major areas like athletics, academics and dormitories, it is on nearly every student’s daily path.

Outside the wellness center, there are multiple gardens and rest areas that are directly visible and accessible from the building. There is also a purposeful movement of traffic through the exterior designs.

Major circulation is located in the “back of house.” This allows for the working and wellness spaces to be pushed toward the street and garden side of the building.

It would be less succesful if centrally focused.

Public v. Private

Program

Fenestration

When entering the space you are greeted with large amounts of public space, but as you move through the building, the spaces become more private for visitors spaces and employees working spaces.

Highlighted are the main program spaces.

Surrounding the program is circulation and shared spaces. Decreasing these spaces may allow for a smaller building footage.

In blue is the major openings in the facade. These create a direct connection to the exterior garden area. This structure effectively enforces the theory of biophilia.

Public

Private

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171

Library Landscape

Russian Garden Square1, 4, 7

Specs Architect: NERPA GC: VITRULUX Client: Administration of the Moskovsky district of St. Petersburg Size: 15,532 square foot Cost: Annual $206,000 Budget Completion Date: 2019

Narrative Along with the natural aesthetic, large trees and plants were added to create an urban forest experience allowing people to reconnect with nature in urban environments. Despite the desired programing, Garden Square is designed to be a flexible space that adapts to the desired actions. The combination of hard and soft-scape allow for different experiences, for example, under the canopy can allow for a quiet and passive space while hard-scape incorporates decorative paving allowing for humansized games.

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Context

Site

Materiality

Garden square is located within St. Petersburg, Russia and has similar attributes to the Colfax site. It is located along a major highway with similar amenities like a park, urban core, and residential housing in close proximity.

Garden Square serves as an exterior extension of the Friends Library for visitors or as a green space for pedestrians in the vicinity. It’s surrounded by residential housing on its east, and a major highway with vegetated barrier on its west.

Natural materials were used to create a calm atmosphere that instantly transforms the space to create an escape from a harsh urban environment.

Vegetation

Public v. Private

Circulation

Part of Garden Square’s design intent was to implement large trees and plants to create an urban forest feel allowing for people to reconnect with nature.

Garden Square allocates for different levels of programing, as closer to the library you are, there are various program types and tends to decrease the future away from the building allowing for more passive space.

There are direct paths of circulation within the plaza and adjacent sidewalk but turns into a meandering circulation within the forested space with only one “direct” curving stone path.

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Cultural Center Greenpoint Cultural Center3 Specs Architect: nARCHITECTS Interior Designer: HUXHUX Location: Greenpoint, NY Client: A/D/O - MINI/BMW Size: 23,000 SF Completion Date: 2016 Environmental: Adaptive Re-Use

Narrative The building is driven by the idea of “remixing” – the physical building was originally a warehouse space in which the designers played with openings, the idea of including a porch, the ceiling plane, and the layout of walls shaping the travel experience. This remixing helped maintain the original character of the building and its relationship to the context while creating a completely new experience for users.These spaces can be remixed even further with the change of furniture, offering itself to a number of events.

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Massing

Fenestration

Program

Outdoor spaces, created by removing portions of the existing building, start to bridge the gap between interior and exterior The spaces happen along a dedicated path in the building, it is flexible both in shape and in use.

The interior and exterior are connected through more than exterior public spaces.

A variety of openings highlight different parts of the program, allowing for different opportunities to make your way inside and even more chances to catch a glimpse of what is going on within.

Most of the spaces in the A/D/O serve multiple purposes, but highlighting their main use reinforces the relationship to the exterior and the significance of the core space.

Subtracted

Exterior Circulation

Support Spaces

Organizing Path

Exterior Public Space

Exterior Public Space

Added

Operable Connection

Interior Public Space

Visual Connection

Educational Space

Public v. Private

Daylight

Art Incorporation

Even though the design library and public space travels through the middle of the building, the more private spaces are nestled between that and the exterior

A/D/O capitalizes on the adjacent streets and shorter buildings by capturing light on the streetside, and removing part of the roof plane to create a courtyard and add a kaleidoscope creates even more opportunity for light.

Art plays a significant role throughout this design-focused space. The designers reimagined the existing street art on the facade of the building to frame the new openings. There is also a space dedicated to installations, keeping the artwork fresh.

Interior Private Space Interior for Target Group Interior for the Public

Traditional Lighting

Existing Artwork

Interior Public

Courtyard/Top Lighting

Installation Space

Exterior Public

Permanent Periscope

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Notes 1 A/d/O - narchitects. World. (n.d.).

Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https://www.world-architects.com/en/ architecture-news/reviews/a-d-o.

2 About the Student Wellness Center.

About the Student Wellness Center | Student Affairs. (n.d.). Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https://studentaffairs.duke. edu/wellness/about-the-center.

3 BMW mini unveils 23,000-square-foot creative hub and restaurant in former Greenpoint Warehouse Communal Public Space. Inhabitat Green Design Innovation Architecture Green Building. (n.d.).

Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https:// inhabitat.com/bmw-mini-unveils-23000square-foot-creative-hub-and-restaurantin-former-greenpoint-warehouse/ bmw-mini-unveils-23000-square-footcreative-hub-and-restaurant-in-formergreenpoint-warehouse-communal-publicspace/.

4 Bramley, A. (2020, August 14). Garden Square for Friends Library / nerpa.

ArchDaily. Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https://www.archdaily.com/966695/ garden-square-for-friends-library-nerpa.

5 Duke Student Wellness Center. The American Institute of Architects. (n.d.).

Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https://www.aia.org/showcases/6318606duke-student-wellness-center.

6 Duke University Student Wellness Center - Duda: Paine architects. World. (n.d.). Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https://www.world-architects.com/ en/architecture-news/reviews/dukeuniversity-student-wellness-center.

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7 Gallery of a/d/o / narchitects - 4.

ArchDaily. (n.d.). Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https://www.archdaily. com/801960/a-d-o-narchitects/5859dde 9e58ecee09d0001c9-a-d-o-narchitectsphoto?next_project=no.

8 Sagredo, R. (2018, November 2).

Duke Student Wellness Center / Duda: Paine architects. ArchDaily. Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https:// www.archdaily.com/904664/dukestudent-wellness-center-duda-painearchitects?ad_source=search&amp;ad_ medium=search_result_all.

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Summary Moving forward from the studies of the area and precedent research, it was tim to begin the development of the schematic design. Through this first portion of the design there was a great deal learned about the site and what more it needs from a new design development. With focused iteration there was a significant development of design the resulted in the final design of the studio.

Schematic Design 178

05 P+C : Schematic Design : 5.3

The Need Connection

Health

Community

• Engagement

• Biophelia

• Social Integration

• Social Connection

• Personal Mobility

• Place of Ownership

• Transportation

• Activation

• Gathering

• Connect People

• Encourage Activity

• Program Social Spaces

• Connect Transport Modes

• Bring Goods to the Community

• Encourage Interaction

• Connect People to Place

• Provide Basic Needs & Assistance

• Create Common Experience

Goals & Objectives

: 5.3 05 P+C : Schematic Design : 5.3

179

Network Connection When ideating with our concept, it was a reoccurring link that we were focusing on connections. Things like a connection of place, connection of people, and the connection of the community to the site.

Network Parti We were inspired by a visual representation of social network and neural network.

The development of nodes and their connections according to hierarchy is what began to define the organization of program in this project.

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Stakeholders Unhomed Population

Colfax Residents

Transport Users

The unhomed population has grown significantly in the design area over the last decade. So, this design will consider some of the issues that this population faces and aim to create assistive solutions that may bring them the resources they need for the time being. By focusing on this stakeholder this design strives to consider the social integration of all poeple.

The Colfax Residents are located on the North side of the site selection made for this design. So it was seen as a necessary consideration to include and encourage interaction with the residents and neighbors around the site. More specifically, neighbors like the senior living center and the LGBTQ+ center located adjacent the site were major design considertions.

With the development of this design it was found that a connection to transportation and mobility would be one of the strongest connections of the site, so there was a major consideration of how transport users exprerienced the site in passing. Creating easy routes and understanable transit connection pathways was a major focus.

UNHOMED POPULATION

No form of personal

Provide a direct connection

transportation

to Denver Public Transit

No where to gather with

Public and social gathering

friends and family

spaces

Lack of Education

COLFAX RESIDENTS

Skill training, workshops, and adult education spaces Everyday Resources

Unable to find healthy

Accessible and affordable

food

food retailers

Can not find a job/house

TRANSPORT USERS

Transportation & Community Connection

A space to work with a professional Life Assistance

Available rest rooms are often locked

Identified Issues

Access to hygiene facilities

Possible Solutions

Program

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Program Adjacencies Through the development of the P & C program there was a emphasis of connection of people. In order to do so, there was a strong connection of the

transport waiting space as it was being thought of as an area where people come together and make connections that they may have never expected. So,

once introduced to the site by the social waiting space, people have the option of choice to stay or move to the every day resources or life assistance.

PARK AVENUE CIVIC CENTER (HOMELESS RESOURCES)

TRANSPORTATION TO DOWNTOWN

OPEN KITCHEN GED COURSEWORK

SOCIAL SPACE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

ADULT EDUCATION INTERIOR WAITING ZONE

RR ROUTES, SCHEDULES & MAPS

LIFE ASSISTANCE

GROCERY

RR

PERSONAL MOBILITY STORAGE

TRANSPORTATION

RR

EVERY DAY RESOURCES LAUNDROMAT

RR TRANSPORT TO AURORA

HOUSING ASSISTANCE

JOB PLACEMENT

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SOCIAL SPACE

HYGIENE FACILITIES COMPUTER ACCESS SHOWERS AND RESTROOMS

Parti Overlay As the parti represents an abstract version of a social network of individuals the relationship theory was taken a bit further with the parti overlay. Before one is welcomed into the nodes of relationship there are introductions happening at the edge of the site. No matter if you are coming from the Colfax Avenue, the neighborhoods of City Park West, or even the nursing home that shares our block, you are greeted by the site and welcomed with open arms.

INTRO ACQUAINTED

O

TR

IN

FRIENDS

INTRO

ACQUAINTED

Organization The original design was organized with a winding element that was inspired by some of the signage that was seen during our visit to Colfax Avenue. This winding element was meant to bring users all over the site and take them to new and different locations.

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Hard vs. Soft The site uses hard and soft materials to establish movement and rest zones.

Hard Surfaces such as stone and brick are placed where users are encouraged to direct there path of travel. However, throughout the experience individuals and groups are greeted with green spaces that allow them to pause, rest and meet with others.

Circulation In this schematic design there was a strong influence of the organizing element and movement. This winding motion became a secondary solution that allowed users to meander throughout the site and discover new locations with each visit to the new location. However, it was obvious there needed to be some sort of strong connection on what used to be Park Avenue, so the main circulation was maintained there.

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Experiences Bus Pick-Up

Walking Plaza

Central Plaza

The bus pick-up area of this design was imagined as a through drive where patrons could cross from the sidewalk right into the waiting area for any transit. This came to fruition in the final design through major iteration and design ideation. The pick-up area became a well rounded and thought out round-about that maximized the use of the old roadway of Park Avenue as it entered the site.

Though the walking plaza was not fully realized in the final design there were many things that were taken away from this portion of the schematic design. One of the greatest take-away from this design was the integration of the future bus path.

By creating a safe route for the bus to travel without completely entering the site, there was a large area of development in the site.

The central plaza only gained more and more purpose while moving through this design process. In the original schematic design this plaza was a place of rest and reflection. However, in the final design the purpose was shifted to a plaza of connection and activity that improved social and physical health of all the visitors to the site and people in the community.

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185

Section

A North to South section through the site shows the outer central plaza and its relation to the interior spaces of the building. This connection was greatly improved in the final design.

Elevation

Another major focus of the design was creating a store front that greeted the Colfax Avenue portion of the site. This was important due to the zoning requirements and Colfax character.

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Massing Development The final building form was defined as two pieces or nodes that are connected in a similar way that the site connections are made. The space between the buildings

defines the exterior plaza and creates relationships with the interior and exterior.

There are also connections established to the site via the openings in the roof

planes. The organic forms reflect what is happening on the nodes of the site versus the geometric building forms.

01

Massing

02

Split

03

Connection

04

Subtraction

05

Opening

06

Definition

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187

Program The program was defined by the circulation of the building and the need of the users that would visit that part of the building. So, there was a focus of public programming on one side of the building and a more private focus of spaces in the back building for specific users.

Basic Needs Life Assistance Transportation Circulation Open Outdoor Space

Circulation When forming the building it was a goal to allow the site organization to influence the interior and create a stronger bond between the spaces. The organizing element that serves as the wandering circulation of the site continues into the built structure and defines program from most public areas and spaces to the most private on the upper floor and back side of the building.

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Atrium Section When entering the building from the transportation plaza patrons are greeted by an atrium space that vertically relates the ground floor waiting space to the upper floor and organic skylight opening.

Within the space there is are two stairs flanking and seating and rest element for those waiting for on transportation.

Courtyard Section Shown here is the direct relation of the nodes that are created within the building forms. The courtyard on the office block of the second floor allows light to reach the circulation spaces and provides an area for employees and those visiting to step out and reflect in the open air.

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189

Site and Interior Moving forward from Mid-Semester Critiques there was a major focus on the interior space of the building and its relation to the new exterior that was to come. One of the biggest moves made from this point was the congruent development of both the interior and exterior spaces.

Interior Experience For the future development of the interior spaces, there was a hope for a vertically focused space that brought hierarchy and purpose to the connections of all patrons that move through the building.

This is also a precursor to the use of wood throughout the final design to articulate the most important spaces throughout the interiors design.

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191

P+C

Summary Following Mid-Semster critiques, there was a lot to be adressed and many things to build upon. One of the teams greatest take-aways was a better focus on how the design is achieveing and meeting the needs of the community in order to improve health overall. So, after a few more iterations and developments on both the interior and exterior the final design was complete. Due to its more specific focus on connection the final design became an incredibly social and active space for the community.

Final Scheme : 5.4 192

05 P+C : Final Scheme : 5.4

New Parti Inspired by the visual representation of a network the parti defines nodes and connections throughout the site. At each node there is a form of introduction and the connections serve as major circulation axis.

Nodes

Connections

Circulation Major influencer of the circulation were the parti and the existing park avenue. Park became the major connection of transportation stops, and connections of neighbors and nodes built from that.

Pedestrian

Vehicular

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193

Site Plan The site plan shows the development of the landscape and interior overall. These two drawings are always shown together in order to show the strength and purposeful connection of the interior spaces to the active and open exterior spaces.

LGBT Center

Multi-Use

Apartments

Senior Living

Exterior Program The program of the site is detailed and organized in order to encourage use and activity. With more purposeful sense of use the is a higher likely hood that user and patrons are create connection to the place.

Activity/Health Vapor Garden Transport Waiting Amphitheater Multi-Seasonal Rink Reflection

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Design Moves Transport

Park Avenue

Entrances

In order to encourage greater health of the community this site prioritizes forms of public transportation and personal mobility devices such as scooters and bikes. These transports methods are accommodated throughout.

Park Avenue is a part of Denver and City Park West History. As a nod toward this history and its meaning there are portions of Park Avenue that have either been maintained or recognized with special program.

When entering the site from all directions, people are greeted with overhead planes that welcome and celebrate the nodes. After these entrances patrons are greeted by circulation and encouraged to interact.

Bus Stop Personal Mobility

Pre-Existing Avenue

Entrance Nodes

Avenue Recognition

Park Ave. Section

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195

Exterior Experiences Gathering

Activity

Reflection

Many of the exterior spaces of the final design are purposed for gathering with other people of the community.

This purpose of gathering and coming together stems from the social nature and design of this build as a whole, but it also directs people together in order to create more meaningful connection with people as well as the space they are using.

There is also and encouragement of activity in the exterior program. Since this studio was focused on increasing the health of the area, the team thought it was important to design the exterior in a way that supports and facilitates activity.

Some specific areas would be the Park Avenue circulation and the activity park found on the north side of the site.

Lastly, one of the earliest design moves from Mid-Semester critiques was the reflection area. Previously, this space lived in the middle of the design, but with more iteration it was realized this was a supporting program and purpose to the major social focus of the design. Although, it is important to create rest and reflection areas in large social spaces.

196

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Interior to Exterior From the exterior program there is a direct connection to the interior social spaces along the social axis that is created.

This axis creates a hierarchy on the site and funnels people to come together in a central location. Through this direct connection the two spaces become the most important site and interior areas.

Spatial Hierarchy In order to further the hierarchy of the interior space and strengthen its visibility from the exterior the interior social space defines itself as the largest volume of the building mass. This volume serves as a light well and clear story for the center of the building mass, and provides a touch down area for travelers and residents alike.

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Axonometric Program Social Brings together individuals to form community and connection

Life Assistance Help people in need by providing education and social resources

Basic Needs Provide principle amenities for those without direct access

Green Spaces Making biophilic connections exterior space programming

Moving to the interior of the program, there are four major types of spaces.

The spaces and programs are types that were defined by our user and stakeholder examination that was done before the production of the schematic design. The arrangement of these spaces also reflects the adjacency diagram that was created in the schematic process as well. With a major social space connection, users can decide where they want to move from the central point of the building and exterior space.

198

05 P+C : Final Scheme : 5.4

with

First and Second Floor Plan Patio

Clinic

Offices Courtyard Offices

Reception

Classrooms Circulation

VC

Event Space

VC

Atrium Seating

Service

Green Roof

Patio

Grab & Go

Hygiene

Laundromat

Mobility Storage Atrium/ Seating Back of House

Public Kitchen

Grocery

Transport Waiting

Check Out

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199

Grocery/Kitchen In order to develop a healthier community there is a need to bring healthier and more accessible foods to the area of City Park West and Colfax. One strategy of this design was to provide access to hot foods and grocery on a public transit route.

Dining This would allow those that do not have access to a car a new way to grocery shop. It is also beneficial for those who use public transit to get to work, as it provides a more convenient opportunity.

200

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Auxiliary Building The auxiliary building is designed to support the transport user stakeholders.

This structure is considered a quick touch down between buses or along your walk.

It provides a quick place to stop and rest momentarily

Grab & Go One of the unique features of this design is the food access that is provided at four different locations. One of those locations is just off of Colfax Avenue and is provided as a convenient grab and go shop.

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201

Laundromat The interior spaces of the design provide some of the most basic needs for residents and patrons coming to the site. In order to improve health, the services provided include: a full hygiene facility with private showers and changing rooms, a full laundry facility, and clinical services.

Washing Stations These services exist to provide all that visit the site anything that they may not have access to do to their current situation.

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Hygiene The hygiene block is provided for patrons that do not have direct or immediate access to a shower in their own life, or for transport users that are looking to freshen up between transit drop-off and pick-up.

Prep Area The hygiene block is broken up into a few different ares including: lockers, prep, and wet stations. This is devised in order to reduce traffic and maintain cleanliness.

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203

Clinic The clinic on the second floor is designed as a satellite clinic to the hospital that is located a few blocks North of the site.

This would create more direct access to facilities and health care for those without personal transport.

Nurse Station The space is arranged so that you shall be greeted by one of the nurses working and then escorted into one of the exam rooms of physicians office. This clinic can accommodate about four patients at any one time.

204

05 P+C : Final Scheme : 5.4

Life Assistance The life assistance block is designed to help the people for the community get back on their feet if they ever need any help.

There would be job and housing services located here as well as functioning to be an adult learning space for classes.

Reception Located conveniently outside the offices is a reception area where patrons could approach and get any questions they have answered.

05 P+C : Final Scheme : 5.4

205

Social Axis

The most important area of the design is the social axis that is created between the senior living and LGBTQ+ neighbors. This axis focuses circulation and social activity in order to facilitate community.

Circulation

This section shows the connection of the interior circulation to that of the exterior which is located on the site just outside.

This connection was made to give a better understanding of where to move.

206

05 P+C : Final Scheme : 5.4

Interaction Focus With the greatest design move being the social axis that is located in the center of the site from the South West Corner to the senior living, it creates a major point of inteaction at the intersection of the interior circulation. This was a purposeful move in order to create a sort of hub of interaction.

Central Stair This Intersection is located in the most hierarchal space of the building where the main stair is located. Along with the stair in the double hieght space would be a visual piece that represents the connection and community created on this site.

05 P+C : Final Scheme : 5.4

207

Model Images

208

05 P+C : Final Scheme : 5.4

P+C Vital Design

The Journey Colfax Avenue is a primary east to west artery through downtown Denver, CO, while Park Avenue is a part of the historic city grid set on a Northeast angle. Their five-way intersection falls in City Park West and was chosen as the site for this project.

Through the connection of people this site development will encourage a more equitable, inclusive, and connected Colfax and City Park West Community.

In its completion, this project creates a space with a major focus of: Connecting People to Develop A Healthier Community.

It does so by creating public transport connections of future bus lines and creating access to healthier foods and life practices along those travel paths.

Overall, the focus of social interaction and integration is what brings this project and the community around it together as one.

05 P+C : Final Scheme : 5.4

209

210

Common Ground Vital Design 6.1

Precedent Study

212-227

6.2

Site Analysis

228-241

6.3

User Analysis

242-249

6.4

Programming

250-251

6.5

Schematic Design 252-255

6.6

Final Scheme

256-271

Introduction Sam Coup, 4th year LA Anne Criddle, 5th year ARCH Will Smith, 5th year IAID Our project is located at 1895 Colfax Ave. We are designing a mixed use complex in support of the surrounding employment services for veterans. With that we are including housing, on-campus employment opportunities, satellite medical services in conjunction with St. Joseph’s Medical Center, recreational activities, and access to healthy food options with integrated access to greenspace and street activation to improve wellbeing.

04 Common Ground :

211

Alice Medical Center Medical Facility1 Specs Architect: Noak Studio, ACR Arquitectura Landscape: Rafaela Novaes Engineer: Salix Engenaria Location: Pinheiros, Sao Paolo, Brazil Client: Casa Alice Size: 540 square meters Completion Date: 2020-1

Predecent Study : 6.1 212

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

Narrative The Alice Medical Center is a small medical facility in Sao Paolo, Brazil. This facility embraces the environment and puts a heavy emphasis on its users, creating a comfortable experience for those who enter. The space centers around the

courtyard and the only clear views in and out of the building are through the courtyard as there is a frosty bio-climactic membrane around the street-facing south,western facade. This also enhances the diffuse light that enters the space.

There is an emphasis on community and wellness, so there are a variety of spaces that users can choose from to be with people or alone or exercise, eat, or just relax.

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

213

Court Yard Organization : Level 1 The Courtyard in this space is used as a organizational method.

Public Space Court Yard Space Administration

Court Yard Organization : Level 2 Public Space Court Yard Space Administration

214

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

Lighting : Level 1 Lighting Gradient

Lighting : Level 2 Lighting Gradient

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

215

Vegetation : Level 1

Vegetation : Level 2

216

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

Use : Level 1 Entry Large Wellness Space Communal Space Courtyard Intimate Public Space Semi-Public Support Private Support

Use : Level 2 Entry Large Wellness Space Communal Space Courtyard Intimate Public Space Semi-Public Support Private Support

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

217

The Crown Sky Garden Sky Garden2

Specs Architect: Mikyoung Kim Design GC: Foliage Design Systems Client: Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago Size: 5,000 sf area Cost: Total Cost of Building is $605 million Completion Date: 2012

218

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

Narrative The Crown Sky Garden at the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago is a new therapeutic garden designed to help give both kids and parents a place to distress during a usually stressful hospital stay or visit. The Crown Sky Garden is on the 11th floor of the hospital and is being used as a case study to see its effects on patients’ and parents’ stress levels. These spaces also act as programmable spaces for the hospital.

Bi-Weekly performance, community engagement, and physical therapy can all be seen happening in this space.

The project designed by Mikyoung Kim Design firm uses three critical elements throughout the design. The first is the

light wall and bamboo groves which provide a chromatic color flow that moves around the wall. The second key design feature is the water that is hidden in these bamboo groves. The water acts as a sound barrier in the small space creating two different spaces around the main gathering area. This water also meets the requirements of the infectious control group by containing all the water; this is very critical as this protects patients with an immune deficiency. Finally, throughout the design, the users will see wood sculptures throughout the garden room. These wood sculptures are made from reclaimed wood from Chicago’s great history. Each sculpture is cast with a

bronze had of pediatric patients from the Children’s hospital and has speakers that help activate the sound of water. Overall the design accomplished the goals it had at the start. Patients and parents saw a significant lowering of blood pressure, heart activity, electrical brain activity, and muscle tension within five minutes of entering the space. The Crown Sky Garden has shown what outdoor spaces can do for both the patients’ and the parents’ and show what an integral part garden can play in future hospitals.

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

219

Context The Crown Sky Garden at the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago and is located on the 11th floor.

The hospital itself is located on Chicago’s Magnificent Mile and part of the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.

Location of the Crown Sky Garden

Sense Views off of the 12th floor tree house

Smell from Bamboo Plants

Forest Sounds from Speakers in the log and Sound of Water Running through Marbles

220

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

Public versus Private The Sky Garden is a place to both celebrate life and take moments to grieve. Mikyoung Kim Design sets the garden up in a way where both those public and private moments can be had throughout the Sky Garden. The garden does this through the elevation of the planters that both help with circulation and privacy.

Public Private

Greenspace & Passive Systems Throughout the Sky Garden, we see different spaces designed for different users.

At the entry, we see two spaces designed for group use. Whether that be community events or bi-weekly performances, all happen in this space. Next is the central gather area mainly designed for the young patients that are admitted into the hospital.

This area is home to many interactive spaces for young kids to interact with. Lastly is the areas of reflection along the outside.

Here is a space for parents to come and forget what is happening outside of the garden.

Group Space Patient's Space Parent's Space

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

221

Sierra Bonita Affordable Housing Affordable Housing3 Specs Architect: TIGHE Architecture Client: West Housing

Hollywood

Community

Location: West Hollywood,California Size: 70,000 sq ft (42 Units Mixed Use) Cost: $14.1 million Completion Date: 2012

222

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

Narrative This mixed-use development provides 42one bedroom units for the low-income, disabled demographic of the West Hollywood neighborhood. To better serve this population, non-profit organizations occupy the majority of street level commercial space as an in-house and external resource.

The project utilizes many passive design strategies to reduce costs and create an efficient building, including: photo-voltaic systems (powering the building, a rooftop

solar hot water system (creating free hot water), cross ventilation through large openings, and maximized daylight and green space. Additionally, the building construction is intentionally built around a center core, exterior courtyard. This serves both as a social hub for the users, and micro-climate space to reduce heat gain.

The north side of the building is cleverly formed to maximize sunlight, yet provide shade, to reduce heat gain as well.

development of this space. They requested outdoor spaces with pleasant views from their rooms, as well as shared outdoor spaces to socialize with their neighbors and experience green space. Therefore, the building orientates bedrooms to the exterior of the program and utilizes the core and rooftop for exterior social spaces.

This strategy creates an oasis against the high traffic street-scape of the site.

The prospective users participated in the

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

223

Context Situated on Santa Monica Blvd, a high traffic street, the site offers affordable housing in a high density neighborhood.

The primary entrance is located on the west side of the building for reduced flow and sound reduction. Ground floor commercial space acts as resource offices for disabled people within the neighborhood.

Santa Monica Blvd

N GArdner St

N Sierra Bonita Ave

Passive Solar Design Multiple sustainable strategies are integrated to make the building more efficient and affordable for the users.

Courtyard Micro Climate Solar Hot Water Solar Panel

Bamboo & Greenery Provides Shading/ Higher Air Quality

Greenery Shaded Space

Shaded Glazing Maximized N. Daylight Shaded Glazing

224

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

Cross Ventilation

1

2

Building Components 1) photo-voltaic canopy 2) residential units 3) braced-frame core 4) courtyard/vertical circulation 5) commercial space 6) steel frame structure

3

4 5

6

Public versus Private Private Public

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

225

Synthesis There are a variety of spaces that should be provided with communal and intimate spaces--depending on the desires of the users. Greenery should also enhance the space, utilizing the principles of biophilia. Providing adequate light can

also enhance the user experience; diffused light is preferable to direct light.

Social space should be accessible to everyone, as well as provide privacy and security from the site. Finally, an organizing element should be provided to enhance

2

1 Incorporation of diffuse light & greenery inside & out

Incorporation of multi-sensory activation and its healing effects

the understanding and accessibility of the space for the users.

3 Incorporation of green building design to reduce living costs

Take-Aways 226

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

Notes ¹ “Gallery of Alice Medical Clinic / Noak Studio + Acr Arquitetura - 11.” ArchDaily, 2020, www.archdaily.com/955268/alicemedical-clinic-noak-studio-plus-acr-ar quitetura/6005ec8c63c0179376000262alice-medical-clinic-noak-studio-plus-acrarquitetura-photo?next_project=yes. ² “The Crown Sky Garden: Ann &amp; Robert H. LURIE Children’s Hospital of Chicago Chicago.” ASLA 2013 Professional Awards | The Crown Sky Garden: Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, www.asla.org/2013awards/374. html.

3 Sierra Bonita Affordable Housing. (n.d.).

Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https://www.architectmagazine.com/ project-gallery/sierra-bonita-housing

06 Common Ground : Precedent Study : 6.1

227

Size & Zoning Site Context E 16th Ave.

E Colfax Ave.

Vine St.

Race St.

High St.

N. Williams St.

Gilpin St.

Se

Selected Site

Site Analysis : 6.2 228

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

Zoning

Urban Center-Main Street 5 stories maximum

Urban Center - Main Street 5 stories max.

General Urban-Multi Unit 5 stories maximum

General Urban - Multi Unit 5 stories max.

PUD-Planned Unit Development

PUD-Planned Unit Development OurOur SiteSite

General Urban-Residential Offices 3 General stories max.Urban-Residential Office 3 stories ma

16th Ave

Colfax Ave

High St

N. Williams St

Project Site Zoning The zone that our site includes has a 5 story maximum built area.

Needs to be built 75% on primary street and 25% on side streets Vehicle access will be determined on the review Buildable Area Existing Building Setbacks Property Line Alleyway

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

229

Location Our site

Building Height Adjacencies3

Throughout Colfax Ave. we see buildings that usually go no higher than three stories. The East central area plan sets out to change that, making suggestions that we can follow for our site's height.

Existing Development

Up to 8 Stories Over 8 Stories Up to 5 Stories

Natural & Man-made Features Existing Structures9

230

Utilities1

Built Structure (On-Site)

Lighting

Fire Hydrant

Built Structure (Adjacent)

Stop Light

Sewer Drain

Elevated Signage (On-Site)

Power Line

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

Street Vegetation1 Existing Trees Field Site

[Screenshot from GoogleMaps]

Flood Plain & Drainage Patterns8 Illustrated are flow patterns of water. The blue arrows show direction of water, in the context of our selected site (orange). The pink illlustrates the central alley way of the site.

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

231

Circulation¹,⁷ Driving

Low Flow

High Flow

Site

Low Flow Biking

High Flow

Site

Low Flow

High Flow

Site Low Flow

High Flow

Site

232

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

Walking

Low Flow

High Flow

Site Low Flow

High Flow

Bus and Truck Routes Site Site

Site

Busand Stop & Travel Bus Stop Travel Path Path TruckTruck Access Access to Site to Site

Site Bus Stop and Travel Path Truck Access to Site

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

233

Sensory Site Loud

Quiet

Rough Sidewalks Unappealing Trash Smell

2

View

6

5

3

4

1

234

1

2

3

4

5

6

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

Thematic Map Veterans Services5 Site Veteran Services

2

1

3 4 5

This map shows the support services available for veterans in the area.

1. Military and Veterans Affairs 2. US Veterans Employment Services 3. Volunteers of America Bill Daniels Veteran Services Center 4. Continental District 4/ Zone 1, Readjustment Counseling Service Administrative Office 5. Colorado Veterans for Housing

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

235

Local Amenities & Services Locations2

Pa r

kA ve

High St

Williams St

Colfax Ave

Site

This map shows the crime density in the area.

(Left) Chart Describing Crime Breakdown in the Surrounding Area from 9/11/20209/27/2021

CRIME TYPE

NUMERICAL BREAKDOWN

Theft From Motor Vehicle

1013

Public Disorder

1005

Other

842

Larceny

784

Auto Theft

682

Burglary

475

Substance Related

414

Aggravated Assault

312

Robbery

125

White Collar Crime

69

Arson

13

Murder

1

236

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

Crime Density

Mental Health & Addiction Services1 This map shows the support services available in the area for Mental Health and Addiction.

1. Kaiser Permanente Medical Offices 2. Urban Peaks Rehab 3. Addiction Research & Treatment Services 4. 1311 York Street Club 5. Mile High Recovery Center 6. Mile High Sober Living 7. Magnolia Medical Group 8. Denver Recovery Group

1 2 12

9. Emerson St. For Teens and Young Adults 10. Mile High Mental Health 11. Denver Adolescent Therapy Group 7

5 9 3

10

6

5 Hospital 12. St. Joseph’s

3

13. Carla Madison Recreation Center

7

1 2

4

13

Site

8

8 6

9

7

Mental Health Services Recreation 4

Addiction Services Hospital 13

10

11 11

12

0.1

0.25

0.5

1

1: 500 When Printed At Scale

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

237

Grocery1 4 This map shows the services in the area 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

Sun Market Safeway Argonant Groceries Natural Grocers Marczyk Fine Foods Grocery Delivery Denver Sullivan’s Mini Market Choice Market Town and Country Market and Produce City Store Convenience King Soopers Trader Joe’s 12th Ave Market

1 2 12

Site Grocery

7

5 9 3

10

6

5

3

7

1 2

4

8

13 6

8

7

4

13

10

11 11

12

0.1

0.25

0.5

1: 500 When Printed At Scale

238

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

1

Nearby Services1

2

This map shows the services in the area 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

3

7.

8.

9.

10.

Sullivan’s Mini Market DC-21Mid-High School Mile High Mental Health The Gathering Place (Women and Children Services Global Mind ED (Mentoring and Support) Ready Temporary Services (Construction Employment) 7-Eleven Family Dollar Walgreens St. Francis Center Employment Services Site Food Shopping

4

5 6

8

School Mental Health Services Employment Support

7 9

10

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

239

Homeless Population

Lack of Veteran Services

The homeless population in Colorado is significant, especially for the area and Veterans account for 10 percent of that population.

There are services for veterans within the area, however veteran services are all located towards the Central business district rather than in the immediate area. There are, however, mental health services and a hospital in the surrounding area.

Take-Aways 240

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

Central Location This site is centrally located between a variety of services, making it a prime location for veterans looking to readjust to civilian society.

Notes ¹ Colorado, Denver.

“Denver · Colorado.” Denver · Colorado, 2011. https://www.google.com/maps/ p l a c e / D e n v e r, + C O / @ 3 9 . 7 3 4 3 6 7 4 , 104.9675132,13.82z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x 876b80aa231f17cf:0x118ef4f8278a36d6!8 m2!3d39.7392358!4d-104.990251!5m1!1e1.

2 “Crime Map.” Denvergov.org, 2020. https://www.denvergov.org/ Government/Departments/PoliceDepartment/Crime-Information/CrimeMap. 3 "East Central Area Plan." Denver Commnuity Planning & Development.

September 8,2020.

4 Grocery. “Grocery.” Grocery, 2021. https://www.google.com/maps/ search/grocery/@39.7414869,104.974662,17z?hl=en.

5 “Rehab Centers Denver - Google Search.” Google.com, 2015. https:// www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1VDKB_ enUS957US957&tbs=lf:1,lf_ 6 Strava Global Heatmap.” Strava.

Strava, 2021. https://www.strava.com/ heatmap#11.15/-104.91558/39.77630/ blue/all.

7 “System Map.” RTD - Denver, 2021. https://www.rtd-denver.com/rider-info/ system-map.

8 “Worldwide Map Files for Any Design Program.”

Cadmapper, cadmapper. com/pro/extracts/a503dfc2-60a3-412d98a6-d28dac47d21d.

9 “Zoning.” Denver Maps - Zoning, www. denvergov.org/maps/map/zoning.

06 Common Ground : Site Analysis : 6.2

241

User Identification Veterans

User Analysis : 6.3 242

06 Common Ground : User Analysis : 6.3

United States Homeless Statistics3 Colorado has a high concentration of homeless veterans compared to surrounding, regional states. Within the Colorado homeless population, veterans consist of roughly 10 percent of its population. There is a heavy need to serve this people group.

10%

Denver Homeless Statistics5 Denver Total Homeless Population Homeless Veterans

90%

06 Common Ground : User Analysis : 6.3

243

Wellness Tree

244

06 Common Ground : User Analysis : 6.3

The Journey

Basic Needs

Regaining Footing

Finding Community

Place to live

Social Groups

Food

Cafe

Physical Wellbeing

Physical Therapy

Mental Wellbeing

Green-space and group Activity/ Therapy

Social Network

Group Activities

06 Common Ground : User Analysis : 6.3

245

Program Development 1,2 & 6 year plan

01

1 year plan •

Physical: Begin recovery process (ex. substance abuse, injury, physical health)

•

Mental: Find economic stability

•

Social: Join a community group

246

02

2 year plan •

Physical: Stable position with recovery process

•

Mental: Transitioning to permanent housing

•

Social: Reconnecting with family and former friends

06 Common Ground : User Analysis : 6.3

06

6 year plan •

Physical: Fully Recovered

•

Mental: Security in mental state with healthy habits

•

Social: Leading a social group or building a family

Day in the Life

Daily Schedule Creating a daily schedule for our veteran user helps to inform programatic needs as well as traffic flow of provided resources.

06 Common Ground : User Analysis : 6.3

247

Dogs and Veterans

Dogs can help veterans in many different ways by treating symptoms that are characterized by PTSD. Most veterans with dogs reported a 92% reduction in medication and a 82% reduction in suicide ideation. (https://k9sforwarriors.org)

248

06 Common Ground : User Analysis : 6.3

Project Goals

Goals 01

To create stability in the lives of transient user: Veterans

02

To rebuild social relations that were once destroyed and to learn how to build new ones

03

To Promote holistic wellness for the users: • Social Mental • Physical •

“

Project Statement Our project is located at 1895 Colfax Ave. We are designing a mixed use complex in support of the surrounding employment services for veterans.

With that we are including housing, on-campus employment opportunities, satellite medical services in conjunction with St. Joseph’s Medical Center, recreational activities, and access to healthy food options with integrated access to greenspace and street activation to improve wellbeing.

“

Take-Aways 06 Common Ground : User Analysis : 6.3

249

Initial Programming Programmatic Bubble Diagram #1 Gathering Gathering Space Space

Office

Large Gathering Space

Outdoor Gathering Space

Gathering Space

Nurse’s Station

Gathering Space Restroom Social Space

Rec Room

Exercise Space Doctor Office

Highly Independent Housing

Garden

Housing

Therapy Space Waiting

Rec Room

Garden

Gathering Space

Treatment Rooms Rec Room

Gathering Space

Gathering Space

Housing

Gathering Space

Gathering Space

Program Matrix Housing Single Bed Units Single Bed Units-Mentor/Staff Library Media Center Grocery Delivery Space-4sqf/unit Laundry (B) Necessities Shop (M) Mail Room

Occupancy Sq Ft Number R-4 320 16 R-3 900 30 A-3 920 1 B 907 1 A-3 5 150 B 2500 1 M 3000 1 A-3 200 2

Medical Doctor Office Individual Therapy Treatment Rooms Lab Nurse's Station

B B B B B

Social Large Multi Use (A-3) Rec Room (A-3) Ice Cream Café Seating (A-2) Commercial Kitchen (A-2)

A-3 A-3 A-2 A-2 A-2

200 100 150 62 155

1 4 2

1000 300 300 1000 1500

1 4 1 1 1

5120 27000 920 907 750 2500 3000 400

Public vs residential usWhat to Feel Residential Comfort, Safety, Privacy Residential Comfort, Safety, Privacy Residential Comfort, Safety Residential Comfort, Safety Residential Residential Residential Residential

200 400 300 62 155

Private Public Public Private Private

Comfort, Safety, Healing Comfort, Safety, Healing Comfort, Safety, Healing

0 1000 1200 300 1000 1500

Public Public Public Public Public

Sense of Community Sense of Community Sense of Community Sense of Community, Comfort Sense of Community

Programming : 6.4 250

06 Common Ground : Programming : 6.4

06 Common Ground : Programming : 6.4

251

Preliminary Schemes The Neighborhood

Colfax Ave.

Colfax Ave.

Parti

20x20 Grid

Programming

Grid

Transitional Housing

Structures

Permanent Housing

Forum

Ice Cream Medical Forum

Co

lfa

Circulation

xA ve

Sustainable Infrastructure

Primary Circulation

Solar Panels

Green Walls

Secondary Circulation

Green Roofs

Storm Water Management

Schematic Design 252

06 Common Ground : Schematic Design : 6.5

Mid-Review Scheme

Wall Mural

Major Massing Moves

1 3

Phase : Forum

Phase : Subtracting Elements

Corten Steel

Precast Concrete

2

4

Brick

Phase : Wrapping Forms

Phase : Adding Elements

: 6.5 06 Common Ground : Schematic Design : 6.5

253

Medical Vignette

Integrated sensory therapy garden

Maximized daylight and connection to outdoors Sustainable materials muted, calm colors

Social Vignette

Community seating integration Sidewalk activation for public use

Maximized daylight and sight lines

254

06 Common Ground : Schematic Design : 6.5

Housing

Rooftop terraces for maximized views of context

Maximized daylight and connection to outdoors Sustainable materials paired with pops of color

Forum

Structures to define key space

Focus on sensors, especially smell, sound, and sight

06 Common Ground : Schematic Design : 6.5

255

Massing Moves

1

2

3

4

5

6

Final Scheme: 6.6 256

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

Diagrams

Public versus Private Public Private

Programing Library Housing Medical Forum Atrium Cafe/Recreation Room Store Front

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

257

Addressing Fundamental Needs Physical Mental Social

Sustainable Practices Forum Green Roofs Gardens Green Wall

258

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

Screen A prominent screen element was incorporated to filter light at varying degrees depending on the location.

Lighting Within this scheme, more public areas have been crafted to have more light.

Lighting Gradient

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

259

Plans, Sections & Axon Residential Section

Medical Section

260

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

Cafe Level

Key Library

The cafe level is a large, social level for the residents, spaces here are: Cafeteria Community Garden Recreation Room

Housing Medical Forum Atrium Cafe/Recreation Room Store Front

Physical Therapy and Residential This is the fourth floor. Two types of spaces are here: Physical Therapy Residential

Third Floor The third floor has 3 program types: Medical Clinic Standard Clinic Rooms Multi-Use Clinic Library Third Floor Garden Multi -Purpose Open Seating Residential

Ground Floor The Ground Floor welcomes residents and visitors with: The Forum Dog Park Fire Pit Reflection Zone Activity Lawn Lobby Pet Store Library First Floor Children and YA Stacks

Second Floor The Second Floor houses four main programs: The Atrium A gathering space for residents Residential Therapy Library Second Floor Study Space Computer Lab Stacks

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

261

Ground Floor -

D

W

UP

DN

-

-

DN

UP DN

UP

-

DN

UP

UP

-

Second Floor

REF.

REF.

REF.

DN

W REF.

D

DN

REF. REF.

DN

REF.

UP DN DN

UP

DN

UP

UP

DN

20' - 8 15/16"

DN

262

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

UP

-

Third Floor -

REF.

REF.

REF.

UP

D

W

-

-

-

UP

-

DN

DN

-

-

DN

UP

DN

DN

REF.

-

Fourth Floor -

DN

-

-

-

UP

-

DN

-

-

DN

-

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

263

Cafe Level

Room 34 REF.

428 SF

Room

DN

35 D

1588 SF

DN

264

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

W

Renderings

Entry : 1

Entry : 2

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

265

Lobby

Mental

266

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

Physical : 1

Physical : 2

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

267

Social

Forum : 1

268

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

Library

Forum : 2

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

269

Dog Park

Atrium

270

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

Garden

Cafe

06 Common Ground : Final Scheme : 6.6

271

272

art Thre

Project Reflection Vital Design

Summary Wrapping up the four designs of this semester, each team provided additional commentary on their experiences and major take-aways from both the individual projects and the Vital Design Studio as a whole. Overall, the studio members very muched enjoyed working collaboratively within their interdisciplinary groups and made exceptional growth as wellrounded designers with the help from an extraordinary professor and amazing sponsors.

07 Reflection

273

District 6 Reflection

Morgan Garrett, 5th year IAID Clayton Pfieffer, 5th year IAID Andrew Smith, 5th year ARCH Vital design proposed a thought provoking ethical question of what good design can do to unserved communities. The course challenged our group to develop applicable solutions to challenges found from our prior research into the life and demographics of residents of City Park West and North Capitol Hill.

Through this experience we learned from each other design strategies and problem solving methods, as well as graphic tools and diagrammatic expression of thoughts.

Collaborating with individuals of different disciples, ages, and perspectives afforded a different point of view to the design experience and resulted in a stronger design.

274 07 Reflection

Just the Fax Reflection

Natalie Cox, 5th year ARCH The East Central Area plan provided by the Denver Community Planning & Development was a great insight into real world operatives and how re-visioning and development work.

With this as our framework, our site visit, and our research pertaining to social cohesion, food insecurities, and the housing crisis, we were able to come to a conclusion on what the area needed. This type of pre-design work is crucial for human centered design with a purpose to dramatically affect its people for the better. Our project, focusing on the health, safety, and wellness on women and children facing homelessness has broaden my awareness on the issue and moving forward, I hope to only build upon this research while problem solving along the way.

Carly Temming, 5th year ARCH The Vital Design studio has been a fantastic learning experience. The predesign research including how the built environment affects human wellness and the site visit to Denver brought a lot of meaning and inspiration to the design process. I believe that being able to use concrete information from research and city planning documents, and then having in person conversations with the local Colfax leaders helped us to empathize with the issues that residents face and better enabled us to take on those issues in our projects. Working with students of different disciplines and backgrounds brought a lot of knowledge to topics and design practices that I was unfamiliar with and really opened my eyes to the range of opportunity that design affords. This range of expertise really enriched my team and I's project for serving the homeless women and children of Colfax. Together, we made a place that provides security, comfort, and engagement to the users.

Claire Yackley, 5th year IAID The Vital Design studio this semester was an excellent experience not only working within an interdisciplinary team, but also truly exploring how design can positively affect our communities. Having an existing site that we were able to visit was an important addition to the cirriculum and I believe we would not have received the same benefits from a fictional site. I always look forward to honing my design process and a design at this scale really pushed my skills to the limit and called for some "next-level" problem solving. I truly believe I became a more well-rounded designer this semester and I'm especially glad I got to do it with such an awesome team of peers and sponsors.

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P+C

Reflection Ethan Doherty, 5th year IAID Carl Glosenger, 5th year ARCH John Kalamaja, 4th year LA The semester in the Vital Design: Denver Studio was a semester of thorough research, collaboration, and exploration. We had a rich foundation of information provided by the East Central Area Plan and other developments by the City of Denver. Understanding these developments in Denver helped break down the number of layers there are to living healthy and helped identify the role that design plays in healthier living. The studio’s focus on health, wellness, and quality of life for all led us to identify a variety of user groups in Denver that would benefit from the development of Colfax Avenue.

We were fortunate enough to visit Denver and get an understanding of how things are currently going on Colfax Avenue compared to other parts of the city, seeing firsthand that there are people in need of help and infrastructure that will support better living conditions. As a studio, we were able to experience City Park West, Capitol Hill, Downtown Denver, and the River North Art District. Seeing how drastically the quality of life could vary within these few miles helped us understand the real life need and see the potential of our sites along Colfax Ave. For our team, P&C, it helped us target three main factors of better living: connection, health, and community.

Our site, at the intersection of Park & Colfax, offered a great opportunity to capitalize on the proposed rapid transit lines from the East Central Area Plan. This centralized site is a prime location for different social groups to overlap with one another, incorporate the existing green spaces in the urban environment, encourage multimodal transportation, and provide life resources to those who need them in their day to day. Ultimately, P&C was able to address these means through thorough programming, site planning, and design exploration. Although the studio projects themselves could always be developed further, the interdisciplinary experience throughout the semester is unmatched. Our team members brought different perspectives and skills to the table, reinforcing the roles of empathy, understanding, and collaboration in the design process. Harnessing these skills for the P&C project helped show that all forms of design can play a crucial role in making a healthier spaces for those who need it the most.

276 07 Reflection

Common Ground Reflection

Sam Coup, 4th year LA This studio project brought forward new challenges that I had never considered I could help with through design. Through research and development, I learned that through design I can make a difference in someone’s life. I also learned that the real battle most veterans face is coming back home after the war. This part is one that often goes unnoticed but through the research and design, I feel that our group accomplished this goal. Overall I believe that this project would be successful in the partnerships between veterans and dogs.

Anne Criddle, 5th year ARCH This project brought to light challenges that I had not considered before. It brought in a reality of a project for the good of others, thinking about and researching the needs and desires of a specific group in need, in our case homeless veterans. Past projects were considering more of general public, which, although a larger group, is maybe not a difficult than designing for a certain group of people, especially one that I personally don’t relate to, not being male or a veteran with possible traumas. Through that research we found centers for wellbeing (clinics and therapy offices) to be beneficial, as well as housing, and access to dogs. Additionally, transitioning into the civilian world can be difficult for veterans, so creating a sense of community was important to us but also allowing interaction between this community and the surrounding world, which led to the creation of a library and community space. Overall, I think we achieved many of the goals we set out to do.

Will Smith, 5th year IAID Through the process of the Vital Design Studio, I have grown so much as a designer. The biggest quality I have taken away from this semester is the importance of empathy in design. Physically interacting and researching with the user groups a project will effect greatly impacts the way a designer can meet their needs. Collaboration played another critical role in my growth this semester. Learning to listen and play off the strengths of those who I worked with help made the overall design so much stronger. These are both lessons that will be utilized for the rest of my design thinking and career.

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Thank You

From the Vital Design Studio Fall 2021

September 13, 2021 : The Vital Design 2021 studio group takes on Colfax (Left to Right : John Kalamaja, Carl Glosenger, Carly Temming, Anne Criddle, Ethan Doherty, Claire Yackley, Natalie Cox, Morgan Garrett, Clayton Pfeiffer, Andrew Smith, Will Smith, Sam Coup, & Kendra Kirchmer)

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