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PROGRAM OF STUDIES

2026 - 2027

“Start by doing what is necessary, then what is possible, and suddenly you are doing the impossible.” - St. Francis of Assisi

This Program of Studies is a curriculum guide designed to assist parents and students in the annual course selection process. It provides a brief description of each course, offers an overview of its content, and affords an understanding of the goals of each area of discipline. Villa Walsh Academy does not ensure that the course is offered each year. No member of the faculty can guarantee admission to a particular course or that a student has a specific teacher. Students are to use this Program of Studies as a general guide to ensure that the courses they choose: Fulfill graduation requirements Challenge the intellect Enhance gifts and talents Stimulate areas of special interest

Phone: (973) 538-3680 | Fax: (973) 993-1385 Website: www.villawalsh.org | Email: VWA@villawalsh.org

ACCREDITATION Middle States Association of Colleges Schools New Jersey Department of Education Paterson Catholic Diocese

TABLE OF CONTENTS Mission Statement

Introduction

History of Villa Walsh Academy

Philosophy

Spiritual Enrichment

Belief Statements

Profile of a VWA Graduate

Admissions

Curriculum

Graduation Requirements

Seventh and Eighth Grade Curriculum Sequence

High School Curriculum Sequence

Freshman Courses

Sophomore Courses

Junior Courses

Senior Courses

Advanced Placement Courses

Evaluation of Academic Progress

Student Evaluation

Grade Point Average

Class Rank

Theology Department

English Department

Mathematics Department

Computer Science

Science Department

History and Social Studies Department

World Language Department

Music Department

Art Department

Physical Education

Driver Education Department

Health Department

Guidance Department

Schedule of Student Testing

VILLA WALSH ACADEMY PROGRAM OF STUDIES Grades 7 – 12 MISSION STATEMENT A college preparatory Catholic school, Villa Walsh Academy proudly inspires our young women to expand their intellectual breadth and depth and to enhance their sense of local and global concern, empowering them to influence their world in a Christian manner.

INTRODUCTION Conducted by the Religious Teachers Filippini, Villa Walsh Academy is a college preparatory Catholic school for young women from grades seven through twelve who desire an exceptional academic background for higher studies. The Academy offers diversified programs with participation in student-oriented activities wherein each student may acquire a rich cultural background in the liberal arts. The administration and faculty comprise a highly qualified staff of religious and lay teachers. Every student is offered a well-balanced program of academic, cultural, social, physical, and Christian moral training which will enable her to achieve her fullest potential. Fully equipped science laboratories, computerized classrooms, and resource media centers are connected via a state-of-the-art local area network which contributes to Villa Walsh Academy's technological advances. Through religion courses and liturgical worship, students acquire the knowledge and insights necessary to give witness to their Catholic faith. Within Catholic theology courses, students of other faiths develop wholesome moral values in keeping with their own religious beliefs. The Academy offers a quality education that prepares citizens who create a better community for the good of society.

HISTORY The lovely Morristown countryside and rugged mountain terrain surrounding Villa Walsh Academy provide an atmosphere complementary to the overall learning process. Discovery of truth, beauty, and knowledge within and beyond the classroom mark the experiences of Villa Walsh Academy students who frequently walk its 120 acres of rolling hills and explore its natural beauty.

The magnificent estate, with its 19th century administration building and residence of the Religious Teachers Filippini, chapel, academic buildings, athletic fields, auditorium/gymnasium, library, cafeteria, assembly hall, and music rooms combine the best of old-world charm with modern facilities and resources. In addition to the academic facilities, a state-of-the-art Athletic Center meets the needs of our student athletes. Still, a lasting landmark of timeless beauty remains. The 100-year-old 6 story tower is easily recognizable for its commanding presence and grace. It rises 70 feet above the 417-foot well from which water was pumped by steam engine to supply the estate. The campus, situated at the highest point within a 30-mile radius of New York City, boasts a natural beauty and panoramic view.

PHILOSOPHY Villa Walsh Academy is committed to the belief that all persons, being richly endowed by God with gifts of intellect and spirit, have an unique opportunity and obligation to develop these qualities to the fullest in accordance with His plan of creation. The Academy is further committed to the philosophy and practice of the threefold purpose of Catholic education, namely, to teach the Good News of Jesus Christ, to build Christian community, and to serve the needs of others. Villa Walsh Academy is committed to actualizing this vision by: Preparing its young women to proclaim the Good News and to translate this proclamation into action. Inspiring faith which will enliven the knowledge students gain of the world, of life, and of humankind. Providing learning experiences that nurture self-esteem and encourage selfdiscipline. Communicating ideas and values in a manner that encourages creativity, reflection, and intellectual curiosity. Providing programs of study which help form young women committed to Christian principles and values. Providing programs of study which develop knowledge of American democracy and promote those civic virtues necessary to its preservation.

SPIRITUAL ENRICHMENT Every effort is made to provide students with faith experiences directed toward a realization of Christianity as a way of life that will enhance their values, judgments, decisions, and actions. The students are encouraged to actualize their Christian belief and spirituality through classroom interactions, school-related activities, and volunteer service. Prayers are said at the beginning of each class. St. Lucy Chapel is available to the students during the school day. Eucharistic liturgies are celebrated for the school community approximately once a month. Parents and friends are always welcome to attend. The students help plan these liturgies with the guidance of their theology teacher in order that they may learn the elements of appropriate Liturgical worship. The Sacrament of Reconciliation is offered to students. Class retreats are scheduled annually so that each grade level has the opportunity to spend the day together in prayer and reflection.

BELIEF STATEMENTS It is our fundamental belief that if we are to be successful in fulfilling our mission, we, as a learning community, must model the attributes of our graduate profile. To inspire our young women to expand their intellectual breadth and depth, we believe We must create a positive and challenging learning experience that encourages students to develop a passion for lifelong learning. We must encourage them to become confident and competent young women. To enhance students' sense of local and global concern, we believe We must foster empathy toward others in our interactions as a learning community. We must create a culture of service in support of the local and global community. To empower our young women to influence their world in a Christian manner we believe We must show our own integrity and passion for our chosen career and demonstrate our personal belief that we are called by God to serve.

PROFILE OF A VILLA WALSH ACADEMY GRADUATE A Villa Walsh Academy graduate demonstrates a moral foundation based on Christian values that enables her to be a responsible member of society. Having completed our rigorous academic program, the Villa Walsh Academy graduate applies her spiritual and intellectual qualities by demonstrating the following: Integrity Passion for life-long learning Strong work ethic The ability to think critically Confidence in her opinions and ideas Empathy toward others Service in support of her local and global community A Villa Walsh Academy graduate recognizes that she is a woman with unique Godgiven gifts. With a sense of pride in herself and her accomplishments, she is prepared to influence her world in the spirit of St. Lucy Filippini.

ADMISSIONS Admission to Villa Walsh Academy is selective and competitive. In addition to the school's academic criteria, personal integrity, motivation, and involvement in nonacademic areas are significant in the selection process. The school does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, nationality, or ethnic origin in the administration of its educational policies, admissions practices and school administered programs.

CURRICULUM The curriculum is designed to provide a variety of courses with emphasis on theology, the fine arts, languages, sciences, mathematics, and humanities. Small classes provide the framework for serious study and individualized learning. Through large group assembly, small group discussion, and independent study, the student is encouraged to assume a greater responsibility for her own learning. To facilitate students' needs, major courses are offered on three levels: college prep, honors, and advanced placement. Grades are weighted accordingly. Student performance, teacher recommendations, and standardized test scores determine the course level offered to each student. Administration and faculty assume the responsibility to continuously assess, evaluate, and develop the curriculum. The faculty collaborate on a departmental and interdepartmental level. Villa Walsh Academy boasts a 6:1 student-teacher ratio. All courses adhere to the standards established by the New Jersey State Department of Education and the Paterson Diocese.

GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS A graduate from Villa Walsh Academy must have successfully accumulated a minimum of 140 credits, which include the basic college entrance requirements: Theology 4 years English 4 years Mathematics 4 years Physical Education & Health 4 years History 3 years Lab Science 3 years Biology, Chemistry, Physics World Language 2 years Financial Literacy 1 year Chorus | Art | Dance 1 year Additional electives may be selected from the following areas: Mathematics, World Language, History, Science, Computer Science, Arts and Humanities.

MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM SEQUENCE GRADE 7 Religion English Latin Life Science Pre-Algebra Social Studies Computer I: Microsoft Word and Excel Chorus Art Education Health Education Physical Education

GRADE 8 Religion English Latin Physical Science Algebra I Social Studies Computer II: Microsoft Powerpoint and Publisher, Adobe InDesign Chorus Art Education Health Education Physical Education 7

HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM CURRICULUM SEQUENCE SEQUENCE FRESHMAN COURSES Theology I English I/H Biology Algebra I Algebra II/H Geometry/H United States History I/H Health Education Physical Education

ELECTIVES French I/ II Italian I/ II Spanish I/ II Chorus Art

Freshmen must choose one language and one fine art course from the above list.

SOPHOMORE COURSES Theology II British Literature/H English 10: AP Seminar Chemistry/H Algebra II/ H Geometry /H Pre Calculus /H World History World History AP French II/III H Italian II/III H Spanish II/III H Physical Education Driver Education

ELECTIVES Computer Science Principles AP Chorus Fine Art Fundamentals of Engineering H* Art & Design Dance

Sophomores must choose at least two electives from the above list. *Prerequisite Geometry 8

JUNIOR COURSES Theology III American Literature H AP English Language & Composition Algebra II /H Precalculus/H Calculus H AP Calculus AB Physics/ H/AP United States History II/H AP United States History Physical Education Health Education

ELECTIVES AP Chemistry AP Biology French III H/IV H Italian III H/IV H Spanish III H/IV H AP Research AP Computer Science A AP Computer Science Principles Fundamentals Of Engineering H Democracy and Government Fine Art Art & Design H 2D Art & Design AP 2D Art & Design AP Art History Chorus Dance Juniors must choose at least three electives from the above list.

SENIOR COURSES Theology IV World Literature H AP English Literature & Composition Senior College Guidance & Financial Literacy Precalculus /H Calculus H AP Calculus AB, BC Statistics H/AP Physics II/ H/AP Physical Education Health Education 9

SENIOR ELECTIVES AP Physics II Anatomy & Physiology AP Biology AP Chemistry Females in Fairy Tales & Film Introduction to Psychology AP Psychology French IV H/ V H/AP Spanish IV H/ V H/AP Italian IV H/ AP Modern European History/ AP Democracy and Government Economics H AP Computer Science A AP Computer Science Principles Fundamentals Of Engineering H Fine Art Art & Design AP Music Theory H 2D Art & Design AP 2D Art & Design AP Art History Chorus Dance Seniors must choose at least four electives from the above list.

ADVANCED PLACEMENT COURSES The following AP courses are offered: AP Research 2D Art & Design Art History Biology Calculus AB Calculus BC Chemistry Computer Science Principles Computer Science A English 10: AP Seminar English Language and Composition English Literature and Composition

French Language and Culture Italian Language and Culture Modern European History Music Theory Physics I Physics II Psychology Spanish Language and Culture Spanish Literature & Culture Statistics United States History World History 10

Students may elect to study independently for an AP Exam, but will not receive course credit. The resulting score from the AP exam can be forwarded to colleges. The number of AP and Honors courses a student takes each year may vary due to scheduling conflicts. All students enrolled in an AP class are required to take the corresponding AP exam.

EVALUATION OF ACADEMIC PROGRESS The school year is divided into two semesters. Reports of student progress are issued at the mid-term; grade reports are issued at the end of each semester. All students are required to take final examinations in each academic area of study. The school considers this experience vital preparation for college.

STUDENT EVALUATION Report cards are emailed to the parents at the end of each semester.

Letter Mark

Numerical Equivalent

A+ A AB+ B BC+ C CD F

97 - 100 93 - 96 90 - 92 87 - 89 83 - 86 80 - 82 77 - 79 73 - 76 70 - 72 65 - 69 64 and below

GRADE POINT AVERAGE Grade point averages, based on all subjects, are cumulative from freshman year through senior year. The system used is as follows:

COLLEGE PREP A+ A AB+ B BC+ C CD F

HONORS

4.66 4.33 4.00 3.66 3.33 3.00 2.66 2.33 2.00 1.33 0

5.00 4.67 4.34 4.00 3.67 3.34 3.00 2.67 2.34 1.67 0

4.33 4.00 3.67 3.33 3.00 2.67 2.33 2.00 1.67 1.00 0 11

CLASS RANK Villa Walsh Academy does not rank its students since the concept of rank does not accurately reflect the selective nature of our student body, our rigorous college preparatory curriculum, and individual achievements. Rank may be a misleading indication of a student's true academic quality and ability to perform successfully in college.

THEOLOGY DEPARTMENT The teachings of Jesus Christ and the Roman Catholic Church provide the foundation for learning at Villa Walsh Academy. Courses are aligned with national curriculum standards established by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Inspired by the example of St. Lucy Filippini, the theology department is committed to the philosophy and practice of the three-fold purpose of Catholic education: to teach the Good News of Jesus Christ, to build Christian Community, and to serve the needs of others. Because theology is more than an academic subject, the aim of religious instruction is to provide an atmosphere of Christian community, not only in which the teachings of Christ permeate the entire school experience, but one in which a personal relationship with Christ is fostered.

RELIGION Grade: 7 Course Description: This course introduces the student to the Jesus of History. The student is challenged to explore the New Testament - in particular, the four gospels - as a way of familiarizing herself with the life of Christ and the significance of discipleship. An overview of the sacraments is also included as well as introductions into the lives of saints and the meaning and importance of prayer. The student is encouraged to develop her own personal relationship with Jesus through knowledge, a yearly retreat, and liturgical planning.

RELIGION Grade: 8 Course Description: This course introduces the student to the Mystery of the Catholic Church. The students examine the beginnings of the Church both in the Holy Land and in the United States. In addition, students study the impact of the Church in the modern world as well as ways in which to apply the Church’s teachings to modern-day situations. The students are challenged to witness to their faith through various classroom activities, a yearly retreat, and liturgical planning and charitable projects.

THEOLOGY I - JESUS CHRIST: IDENTITY AND CALL Grade: 9 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Developing a lifelong friendship with God begins with understanding the nature of friendship, what it requires and how to nurture it. First-year students navigating high school can apply the lessons that they learn in developing human friendships to encountering and growing in relationship with God. This course introduces students to the Blessed Trinity in and through the fullness of God’s revelation of Himself: Jesus Christ. Students will explore more deeply the mystery of the Incarnation and the union of Christ’s two natures. As they grow in understanding of Jesus as the exemplar of humanity, they will gain a deeper awareness of what it truly means to be human: who they are and who they are called to be. In addition, students will encounter Christ in his word with an in-depth study of the Gospel of Matthew

THEOLOGY II - INTRODUCTION TO SCRIPTURE/ PRINCIPLES OF CATHOLIC MORALITY Grade: 10 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Christian faith is, at the same time, a gift of God and an authentically human act. One goal is to develop faith in and a general appreciation for the Scriptures as the living word of God as revealed in Jesus Christ. Students explore the Bible, authored by God through the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, become familiar with sections of the Bible, and grow in confidence while using the Bible as a means of spiritual growth and theological study. Students also become acquainted with the principles of traditional Catholic morality, including the Ten Commandments, the Beatitudes, and the laws of the Church that guide them in fulfilling their mission as Christ’s disciples. This year’s study is intended to increase their desire to live a life of Christian virtue and to experience for themselves the joy of the Gospel. 13

THEOLOGY III - UNDERSTANDING DIVINE REVELATION/CATHOLIC SOCIAL TEACHING Grade: 11 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Maintaining a relationship and connection with God necessarily requires the practice of religion. The heart of religion is worship; the heart of worship is sacrifice. Human beings are built for worship. Students will examine the Catholic Church’s contribution to Western civilization and how she has responded in every time and in every generation to the needs of the world. Students will learn of the Church’s origin and foundation, and the manifestation of the Catholic Church that Jesus established in order to continue His mission until He returns at the end of time. The practical response of the Church to the modern world found its full flowering with the publication of Pope Leo XIII’s Rerum Novarum, a watershed document from the late 19th-century that has set the tone for Catholic Social Teaching to this day. Students will examine official source material, distinguishing among the various types of documents published by the Vatican, empowering the students to influence and serve the world in Christ and for Christ.

THEOLOGY IV - SACRAMENTAL THEOLOGY AND JOHANNINE STUDIES Grade: 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Through a systematic study of the Catholic Church’s seven Sacraments, the students will deepen their knowledge and appreciation for these sacred rituals and their life-giving potential as they also discern their future vocations and careers. In addition, the students will do an in-depth study of the Gospel of St. John, examining not only language, imagery and symbolism, but they also grow in understanding who Jesus Christ is for them personally.

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The English department focuses on challenging the intellect and nurturing the spirit of each student, relying on centuries of literary masterpieces as a solid core for its curriculum. Students engage meaningfully with great literary works to respond to a variety of concepts while developing critical and analytical thinking skills and learn to stand in the shoes of others and appreciate the experiences of others. A strong foundation in grammar, a systematic and methodical study of vocabulary, and a sustained emphasis on composition and research skills all contribute to students' ability to communicate effectively in both written and verbal articulation.

ENGLISH 7 Grade: 7 Course Description: The 7th Grade English Language Arts course is designed to provide students with a comprehensive foundation in language, literature, and communication skills. Throughout the year, students will engage in a variety of activities and exercises aimed at developing their reading, writing, speaking, and listening abilities. The course is made up of the following key components: Reading Comprehension and Analysis, Writing, Language and Grammar, Vocabulary Development, and Speaking and Listening.

ENGLISH 8 Grade: 8 Course Description: The 8th Grade English Language Arts course is designed to continue to provide students with a comprehensive foundation in language, literature, and communication skills, and prepare students for their transition to the high school English Language Arts curriculum. Throughout the year, students will engage in a variety of activities and exercises aimed at developing their reading, writing, speaking, and listening abilities. The course is made up of the following key components: Reading Comprehension and Analysis, Writing, Language and Grammar, Vocabulary Development, and Speaking and Listening.

FRESHMAN YEAR

ENGLISH I Grade: 9 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: The freshman English course consists of five main areas: the review and exercise of English grammar, the development of written and oral communication skills, the study of literary genres, the study of vocabulary, and enhancement of reading comprehension skills. The grammar unit emphasizes the importance of a strong foundation in the elements of Standard English grammar, mechanics and usage. Written and oral communication skills are continually practiced through the preparation of formal essays, class discussion, and oral presentations. In the literature unit, students explore the five literary genres: the short story, the novel, nonfiction, drama and poetry. A library and research skills unit culminates in a paper using MLA guidelines. Students create and assess a portfolio of their work as an aid to self-assessment.

ENGLISH I HONORS Grade: 9 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Placement Test, Departmental Approval Course Description: The freshman Honors English course focuses on five main areas of study: literary genre, grammar skills, techniques of written and oral communication, vocabulary study, and reading comprehension. The Honors course expects that students possess excellent reading skills, a firm comprehension of English grammar and above average vocabulary. The Honors class emphasizes the development of critical thinking skills that enable students to identify, analyze, critique, and appreciate the characteristics of short stories, novels, drama, nonfiction, and poetry. The course provides diversified writing situations, including general and specific themes, timed essays, and critical analyses. A library and research unit culminates in a research paper using the MLA guidelines. Students create and assess a portfolio of their work as an aid to self-assessment.

SOPHOMORE YEAR

ENGLISH 10: AP SEMINAR Grade: 10 Credit: 6 Prerequisites: English I or English I/H Course Description: (Adapted from AP Seminar Course and Exam Description) AP Seminar, a foundational course that engages students in cross-curricular conversations, explores the complexities of academic and real-world topics and issues by analyzing divergent perspectives. Using an inquiry framework, students practice reading and analyzing articles, research studies, and foundational, literary, and philosophical texts; listening to and viewing speeches, broadcasts, and personal accounts; and experiencing artistic works and performances. Students learn to synthesize information from multiple sources, develop their own perspectives in written essays, and design and deliver oral and visual presentations, both individually and as a part of a team. Ultimately, the course aims to equip students with the power to analyze and evaluate information with accuracy and precision in order to create and communicate evidence-based arguments.

ENGLISH II - BRITISH LITERATURE Grade: 10 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: English I Course Description: The sophomore English college preparatory course encompasses a chronological study of canonical British Literature beginning with Beowulf and continuing through to contemporary literature. Students are encouraged to develop an appreciation for great works of literature and an understanding of their historical context. Critical thinking, reading, and writing skills are emphasized as students prepare formal essays analyzing or evaluating aspects of the literature. Focus is also placed on the reinforcement of basic skills: composition, grammar, vocabulary. A formal research paper, following MLA guidelines and based on outside reading, is required.

ENGLISH II - HONORS - BRITISH LITERATURE Grade: 10 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: English Honors I, Departmental Approval Course Description: The sophomore Honors English course studies British Literature with intense analysis of outstanding authors. Course instruction provides opportunities to respond critically, reflectively, and imaginatively to literature both in oral and in written form. The study of grammar and vocabulary affords students the skills to improve written and oral communication as well as reading comprehension. A formal research paper based on MLA guidelines is required.

JUNIOR YEAR ENGLISH III HONORS - AMERICAN LITERATURE Grade: 11 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: English II Course Description: This course studies American literature with the goal of instilling fluency in rhetoric and argumentation as it pertains to written and verbal articulation. Strong emphasis is placed on reading both fiction and non-fiction, poetry, speeches, and foundational documents. The cornerstone of study asks questions such as, “What is the American dream?” and “What is the meaning of American identity?” The honors track demands excellent skills in reading, writing, vocabulary, and grammar. Honors students are expected to participate in seminar discussions, oral presentations, and individual research. Critical reading and rhetorical analysis provide the basis for a variety of composition and research assignments, and students’ own focused critical argumentation will be of paramount importance.

ENGLISH III ADVANCED PLACEMENT ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION Grade: 11 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: English Honors II, Departmental Approval Course Description: AP Language and Composition is a college level course that immerses students in the skillful reading and writing of a variety of rhetorical perspectives with the goal of effectively communicating in their academic and civic lives. By reading and writing about other perspectives, students should become conscious of the purpose, content, and exchanges between the writer, subject, and audience. Students will engage in thematically developed units that pose essential questions such as “How does the study of fiction and non-fiction help construct an understanding of reality?” and “What is the relationship and the responsibility between society, the individual, and the environment?” Students will extensively analyze and apply arguments in discussion and writing. Daily exercises will reflect close reading for rhetorical analysis, critical thinking discussions, stylistic writing development, and the effective application of rhetoric in speaking and writing. While most of the readings will be nonfiction, this course will explore how imaginative literature (American) also contributes to the rhetorical process. Formal writing will include argumentative, expository, and narrative assignments. There will be a test in May that each student is required to take.

ENGLISH ELECTIVE AP RESEARCH Grade: 11 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: AP Seminar Course Description: (adapted from AP Research Course and Exam Description) Completing AP Seminar and all its required assessment components is necessary for students to develop the skills to be successful in AP Research. The AP Research course allows students to deeply explore an academic topic, problem, issue, or idea of individual interest. Students independently design, plan, and implement a yearlong investigation to address a research question. Through this inquiry, they further the skills they acquired in the AP Seminar course by learning research methodology, employing ethical research practices, and accessing, analyzing, and synthesizing information. Students reflect on their skill development, document their processes, and curate the artifacts of their scholarly work through a process and reflection portfolio. During the course, students can consult advisers with expertise in the area of exploration. The course includes three major deliverables for each student: 1) an academic paper of 4,000–5,000 words; 2) a process and reflection portfolio that documents their inquiry processes, communication with the teacher (including regular work-in-progress interviews) and any expert advisers as needed, and reflections on their thought processes; and 3) a presentation with an oral defense on research processes, method, and findings. AP Research does NOT replace or satisfy Villa Walsh’s requirement for grade 11 English. In addition, students should not expect to read or analyze literature in AP Research (unless their research question invites it).

SENIOR YEAR ENGLISH IV HONORS - WORLD LITERATURE Grade: 12 Prerequisites: English Honors III Course Description:

Credits: 5

Students will explore previously uncharted territory using texts from around the world. By critically reading, analyzing, and writing about these texts, students will enhance their awareness of different cultures, appreciate cross-cultural trends, and understand their roles or potential roles in the global community. They will also come to appreciate that essential truths and questions about the human condition are global and are not necessarily unique to a particular nation or era. Students will respond to texts critically and creatively while preparing as readers and writers for the rigors of college-level work. Students are expected to generate original ideas and interpretations about the texts by considering their own experiences and interests. In addition to extensive reading, the course requires several shorter (four-paragraph) single-source essays as well as one multi-source paper, but several creative projects (like poetry and presentations) are also the basis for major grades. Students will review and apply grammar concepts to their writing using advanced units from Mechanics Instruction that Sticks.

ENGLISH IV ADVANCED PLACEMENT ENGLISH LITERATURE AND COMPOSITION Grade: 12 Prerequisites: Departmental Approval Course Description:

Credits: 6

AP Literature and Composition is a college-level course that resembles a college classroom and gives the students an opportunity to challenge easy answers, replace formulaic writing with original and complex arguments, and grapple with more nuanced interpretations. The course will offer students tools and strategies for success in college through careful reading, skillful analysis, and clear writing regarding a variety of works across genres, including novels, short stories, poetry, drama, and scholarly essays. Students are expected to generate original ideas and interpretations about the texts by considering their own experiences and interests and seeing themselves as part of an ongoing literary conversation between themselves, the author and the audience, thereby understanding their own philosophies and beginning to express them with confidence. The skills demanded by the AP test in May are embedded throughout the course, but preparation for the test intensifies in April. In addition to extensive reading, the course requires several shorter (four-paragraph) single-source essays as well as one or two longer multi-source papers.

MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The mathematics program at Villa Walsh Academy creates a supportive environment that empowers, challenges, and fosters students to develop critical thinking skills, problem solving strategies, conceptual understanding, and methods of reasoning. Students develop an appreciation and understanding of abstract and concrete mathematical concepts through conjecture, collaboration, exploration, and proof. Developing each student to become problem solvers rather than answer finders, capable of recognizing and analyzing practical applications in life, is a goal of all levels of our mathematics courses. Students are also motivated to discover and apply relationships between different branches of math as well as applications of mathematics to other disciplines, especially technology and science.

PRE-ALGEBRA Grade: 7 Course Description: This course covers the basics of mathematical reasoning and computation, in preparation for algebra. Variables, expressions, integers, solving equations and inequalities, factors, fractions, exponents, rational numbers, ratio, proportion, probability, percents and linear functions are explored. Problem solving skills are stressed, especially those involving critical thinking. The course provides a strong foundation for algebra and problem-solving that is necessary for success in more advanced courses.

ALGEBRA I Grades: 8, 9 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Placement Test Course Description: AlgebraI provides a thorough background in the following concepts: understanding, solving and graphing linear equations and inequalities, systems of equations and inequalities; polynomials and factoring; quadratic equations and their applications; exponents and exponential functions.

ALGEBRA II Grades: 10, 11 Prerequisites: Algebra I Course Description:

Credits: 5

Algebra II introduces advanced algebra topics including quadratic equations and inequalities; operations and factoring of polynomials; functions involving rational numbers, exponents, radicals, and logarithms; sequences and series; quadratic relations; and applications problems of various types.

ALGEBRA II HONORS Grades: 10, 11 Prerequisites: Algebra I | Geometry | Teacher Recommendation Course Description:

Credits: 5

This course deepens an understanding of algebraic concepts and introduces more complex topics, with an emphasis on critical thinking, function behavior and properties, problemsolving, and real-world applications. The course includes Advanced algebra topics including linear, quadratic, polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions quadratic equations and inequalities; operations and factoring of polynomials; complex numbers; functions involving rational numbers, fractional exponents, radicals, and logarithms; rational functions; sequences and series; quadratic relations and conic sections; and application problems of various types. Students are also introduced to the fundamentals of limit theory.

GEOMETRY Grade: 9, 10 Prerequisites: Algebra I, Placement Test Course Description:

Credits: 5

This course introduces the fundamentals of Euclidean Geometry including basic theorems related to lines, planes, angles, parallelism, similarity, polygons, and circles. Reflections and transformations are used as a means of illustrating congruence of planar figures. Methods of inductive and deductive reasoning are used in the proof of theorems. Areas of polygons, circles, and solids and volumes of solids are also discussed. Additional topics include a study of the trigonometry of right triangles. All material is also correlated with the approach of standardized tests to geometry.

GEOMETRY HONORS Grade: 9, 10 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Algebra I, Teacher Recommendation | Placement Test (Grade 9) Course Description: Honors Geometry incorporates the fundamentals of Euclidean Geometry into a course with a concentration on critical thinking and problem solving. Areas of study include theorems relating to lines, planes, angles, parallelism, congruence, similarity, and polygons. Emphasis is placed on the connections between geometry and other branches of mathematics, and the applications of geometry in the real world. Topics covered include: areas and volumes, applications of the Pythagorean Theorem, basic trigonometric ratios, quadrilaterals, and an analysis of circles.

PRECALCULUS Grades: 10, 11, 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Algebra II Course Description: This course provides students with a solid foundation for calculus. A thorough study of the theory of functions is explored pertaining to polynomials, rational expressions, exponential and logarithmic equations, and trigonometry. Students study analytic trigonometry, complex numbers, sequences and series, and matrices.

PRECALCULUS HONORS Grades: 10, 11, 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Algebra II, Teacher Recommendation Course Description: This course is designed to provide advanced students with a solid foundation for AP Calculus. An in-depth study of the theory of functions is explored pertaining to polynomials, rational expressions, exponential and logarithmic equations, and trigonometry. Students study the composition and combination of functions, domain and range restrictions, analytic trigonometry, complex numbers, sequences and series, and matrices. Elementary concepts of calculus including a thorough introduction to the theory of limits are discussed.

CALCULUS HONORS Grade: 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Precalculus, Teacher Recommendation Course Description: This course is designed for the advanced student with a cumulative love for mathematics. The topics include: functions, limits, logarithmic and exponential functions, trigonometric functions and their inverses, differentiation and integration theorems, techniques, and applications. The applications of derivatives and integrals include: optimization, related rates, physics, area between curves, and volumes of solids of revolution.

AP CALCULUS AB Grade: 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Precalculus, Teacher Recommendation Course Description: AP Calculus AB is the equivalent of the first semester of a college calculus program. AP Calculus AB focuses on motion and change. The major topics covered in the course are differential and integral calculus. Students evaluate and transform functions graphically, analytically, numerically, and verbally. Graphing technology is utilized on a regular basis to analyze, interpret, and reinforce results, all of which are required for the AP Calculus AB examination. Students are prepared for, and are required to sit for, the College Board Advanced Placement examination in May.

AP CALCULUS BC Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: AP Calculus AB, Teacher Recommendation Course Description: AP Calculus BC is the equivalent of the first and second semesters of a college calculus program. AP Calculus BC incorporates all the topics from AP Calculus AB and expands to include additional methods and applications of both differential and integral calculus. Students apply the curriculum mastered in AP Calculus AB to the study of Parametric Equations, Polar Coordinates, Vector-Valued Functions, and Infinite Sequences and Series. Students continue to evaluate and transform functions graphically, analytically, numerically, and verbally. Graphing calculators are used on a regular basis to analyze, interpret, and reinforce results and are required for the AP Calculus BC exam. Students are prepared for, and are required to sit for the College Board Advanced Placement examination in May.

AP STATISTICS Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Precalculus, Teacher Recommendation Course Description: Advanced Placement Statistics introduces students to the major concepts and tools for collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. Students are exposed to four broad conceptual themes: Exploring Data - describing patterns and departures from patterns; Sampling and Experimentation - planning and conducting a study; Anticipating Patterns - exploring random phenomena using probability simulation; Statistical Inference - estimating population parameters and testing hypotheses. This course engages students in constructing their own knowledge; thus, students who take this course must possess a sufficient level of mathematical maturity and quantitative reasoning ability. Statistics is the logical and reasoned thought process behind the student’s conclusions. The course emphasizes real world examples and the use of technology. In this way, students build interdisciplinary connections with other subjects and with their world. At the conclusion of the academic year, students are required to take the Advanced Placement Statistics Examination.

HONORS STATISTICS Grade: 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Algebra II Course Description: This is an introductory course in statistics designed to teach students the theories of data analysis and statistical computing. This course introduces students to the major concepts and tools for collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. There are four themes in this statistics course: exploring data, sampling and experimentation, anticipating patterns, and statistical inference. Students learn to solve problems that originate from real world situations. Technology is imperative for this course as most calculations are too tedious to do by hand. Topics covered include descriptive measures, measures of association, probability theory, confidence intervals, and hypothesis testing. The main objective is to provide students with pragmatic tools for assessing statistical claims and conducting their own statistical analyses. A graphing calculator is required. The TI-84 plus CE graphing calculator is strongly recommended.

FINANCIAL LITERACY Grade: 12 Credits: 1 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Financial Literacy is a required course for all seniors and is designed to prepare them to make thoughtful financial decisions. Topics include: financial responsibility and decision-making, income and careers, money management, credit and debt, insurance, savings and investments.

FUNDAMENTALS OF ENGINEERING H Grade: 10, 11, 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Geometry Course Description: The course will give students the opportunity to experience different engineering disciplines through a mixture of classroom and lab work. The students will be expected to apply critical thinking and communication skills to complete this group project-based course. When working in the lab, students will be trained on proper tool use and safety protocols. We will cover civil engineering by learning about urban design and civil structures. We will dive into mechanical engineering through the study of CAD, 3D printing, and material science. Electrical engineering and programming will be introduced through the use of Arduinos, sensors, and motors to make our creations come to life. Throughout the year, we will host professional engineers to inspire the girls about future careers. At the end of the course, students will be expected to synthesize and propose a multidisciplinary project which brings together multiple concentrations in a final project.

COMPUTER SCIENCE PHILOSOPHY The Computer Science Department aims to inspire students to collaborate, innovate, problem-solve, demonstrate computational thinking, and be aware of how technology impacts our lives. In grades 7-8, we teach students comprehensive computer skills enabling them to effectively use word processors, spreadsheets, presentation tools, publishing software, and the Internet. In grades 9-12, we offer computer science electives ranging from introductory programming through Advanced Placement courses. We believe that all students benefit from an accessible, comprehensive computer science education.

COMPUTER I: MICROSOFT WORD AND EXCEL Grade: 7 Prerequisites: None Course Description: This course provides an in-depth study of both Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel. In Word, the concepts of creating, editing, and printing documents, the use of graphics, creating tables, outlines and merging with other documents are explored. In Excel, the concepts of creating, saving, using formulas, logical functions, and charting are presented.

COMPUTER II: MICROSOFT POWERPOINT AND PUBLISHER, ADOBE InDESIGN Grade: 8 Prerequisites: None Course Description: There are three sections to this course. The first section teaches the basic, intermediate, and expert skills necessary to utilize PowerPoint. Areas of study include PowerPoint basics; using wizards; using slide transitions; using animation, graphics, sound, and video; working with charts and tables, creating shapes and objects; and customizing presentations. The second section of this course teaches the skills necessary to create advertisements, flyers, menus, tables, invitations, postcards, brochures, newsletters, booklets, and catalogs using Publisher. The third section of this course will teach the skills necessary to utilize Adobe InDesign. Areas of study include exploring the InDesign workspace; typography; using color; tabs and tables; integrating text and graphics; creating newsletters and business forms.

AP COMPUTER SCIENCE PRINCIPLES Grades: 10, 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Student must have a B or better in Algebra I Primary Text: Code.org Course Description: (adapted from Code.org) Computer Science Principles introduces students to the foundational concepts of computer science and challenges them to explore how computing and technology can impact the world. The course covers a broad range of foundational topics such as programming in Java Script and pseudocode, algorithms, the Internet bio data, digital privacy and security, and the societal impacts of computing. Students in this course will not only prepare for the AP Computer Science Principles Exam but also develop an understanding of how they can transform the world we live in through computer science.

AP COMPUTER SCIENCE A Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Advanced Programming with Java, Teacher Recommendation. Course Description: This course introduces the concepts of the AP Computer Science A test. Areas of study include basic Java syntax, errors and debugging, primitive data types, control structures, algorithm analysis, the basics of object-oriented programming and software development life cycle through case studies, strings, arrays, classes, recursion, searching and sorting.

SCIENCE DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The Science Department believes that science is the understanding of the measurable and predictable aspects of the natural world. The science program emphasizes the importance of a broad background in all the sciences. The structure of the courses enables students to measure, organize, and communicate scientific information. The department seeks to familiarize students with major scientific theories, as well with as problem solving techniques that allow them to apply the principles they learn. This emphasis on problem solving and critical thinking reflects our conviction that students must be scientifically literate. The ultimate goal is to prepare students to become effective participants in the technologically advancing society of the twenty-first century.

SOPHOMORE SCIENCE RESEARCH PROJECT Mentored by a faculty member in the Science Department, students in their sophomore year are required to complete a graded research project on a science topic of their choice. The project culminates with a presentation for the community at the end of the sophomore year.

SOPHOMORE SEMINARS AND RESEARCH LABORATORY VISIT Grade: 10 Course Description: Mentored by faculty members in the Science Department, all students in their sophomore year are required to complete a professional laboratory field trip at an off-site research or healthcare facility. This program replaces the traditional independent research project with a hands-on immersion into understanding applications of science beyond a high school laboratory. Building upon the foundational seminars earlier in the year, which highlights the critical role of scientific research, this trip provides students with a direct opportunity to understand the practical aspects of theory learnt in a high school classroom. Students will participate in high-fidelity simulations and tour state-of-the-art research labs to observe the practical application of scientific theory. Students will interact directly with researchers, faculty, and clinical practitioners to understand current trends in STEM and healthcare. This also helps students to track summer internships in their field of interest. Transportation and logistical details will be provided by the school every spring.

LIFE SCIENCE Grade: 7 Course Description: Life Science is the study of science as it applies to all living things. Topics include the scientific process, living organisms and classification, cells and cell processes, heredity and ecology. The goal of this course is to provide students with an introduction to topics and skills to be built upon in high school level biology.

PHYSICAL SCIENCE Grade: 8 Course Description: The physical science course introduces students to the basic concepts of chemistry and physics. Topics include atomic structure, properties of matter, chemical reactions, motion, forces, and energy. Reinforcement activities and labs are integrated throughout the curriculum. Students gain a strong foundation in science concepts and skills to be built upon in high school chemistry and physics courses.

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BIOLOGY Grade: 9 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: None Course Description: The biology course focuses on the study of life emphasizing concepts of unity, continuity and diversity. Topics covered include cellular and molecular biology, genetics, evolution and ecology. Laboratory investigations are structured to allow students the opportunity to apply critical thinking and problem solving skills to concepts introduced in class. The goal of the course is to provide the student with the tools necessary to achieve scientific literacy and to prepare them for the future.

CHEMISTRY Grade: 10 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: None Course Description: This course is designed to give students a solid foundation in basic chemical concepts, while developing laboratory technique, problem solving skills and general awareness of the importance of chemistry in everyday lives. The course deals with the behavior of matter in terms of atomic structure, bonding, chemical reactions, periodicity, the mole concept, stoichiometry, gases, solutions, thermodynamics, kinetics and acids and bases. Data analysis, presented at the beginning of the course, is applied throughout. A complementary laboratory program adds further insight to the topics covered using a variety of laboratory types from teach-led to inquiry based.

CHEMISTRY HONORS Grade: 10 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Math, Science Teacher Recommendations Course Description: The honors chemistry course encourages students to think independently, to extrapolate chemical concepts to new situations and to make informed conclusions based on sound background knowledge. Great emphasis is placed on the physical and mathematical concepts of chemical behavior. A complementary laboratory program adds further insight to the topics covered using a variety of laboratory types ranging from teacher-led to inquiry based. The topics covered deal with the behavior of matter in terms of atomic structure, bonding, chemical reactions, periodicity, the mole concept, stoichiometry, gases, solutions, equilibrium, thermodynamics, kinetics, acids and bases and oxidation-reduction reactions. Data analysis, presented at the beginning of the course, is applied throughout. The depth of material covered is significantly greater and made more challenging than that presented in college prep chemistry.

PHYSICS Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Biology, Chemistry Course Description: This course introduces students to the major concepts of physics and gives them an insight into the everyday applications of the theoretical principles and equations. They are exposed to these ideas by way of demonstrations and lectures. Students are trained to develop critical thinking skills, and analytical skills in problem solving are enhanced. Laboratory work, graphing, and computer simulations form a major part of the course work. Topics of study include mechanics, electricity, magnetism, wave motion, sound, optics, modern physics, heat and thermodynamics, and fluids.

PHYSICS HONORS Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Chemistry, Algebra II, Teacher Recommendation (Chemistry, Math) Course Description: The Honors course provides a systematic introduction to the main principles of physics and emphasizes the development of problem solving ability. A series of laboratory experiments introduces students to the fundamentals of experimentation and data analysis and helps them appreciate the relationship between theory and experiment. The topics covered in the course are mechanics, electricity, magnetism, waves, sound, physical and geometric optics, quantum mechanics, heat thermodynamics, nuclear physics, and fluid mechanics.

SCIENCE ELECTIVES ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Grades: 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Biology Course Description: Anatomy and Physiology is the study of the structure and function of the human body. Designed for students who wish to further explore the anatomy of the body systems and their physiological processes, the course presents the eleven major systems of the human body in the context of how each system helps to maintain homeostasis or balance.

AP BIOLOGY Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Biology; Chemistry; Current Science Teacher Recommendation Course Description: The Advanced Placement course in Biology is the equivalent of a two-semester college introductory Biology course usually taken by college majors. It is taught through lecture, laboratory assignments and independent study with a model of instruction that focuses on enduring conceptual understandings as well as the content that supports them. The major topics include Chemistry of Life, Cell Structure and Function, Cellular Energetics, Cell Communication and Cell Cycle, Heredity, Gene Expression and Regulation, Natural Selection, and Ecology. The program provides students with the conceptual framework, factual knowledge, and analytical skills necessary to deal critically with the rapidly changing science of Biology. Clear and thorough written expression on biological concepts is an essential skill as well as the ability to use mathematical skills appropriately in order to perform well on the Advanced Placement Examination.

AP CHEMISTRY Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Chemistry, Current Math and Science Teacher Recommendations, and Qualifying Placement Test Course Description: The AP Chemistry course is designed to be the equivalent of a first year college level general chemistry course. The curriculum develops advanced inquiry and reasoning skills, such as designing a plan for collecting data, analyzing data, applying mathematical routines, and applying concepts in and across domains. Key concepts are organized around the following areas of study: Atomic Structure and Properties, Molecular and Ionic Structure and Properties, Intermolecular Forces and Properties, Chemical Reactions, Kinetics, Thermodynamics, Equilibrium, Acids and Bases, and Applications of Thermodynamics. A comprehensive laboratory program, which includes at least six inquiry labs, ensures that students gain valuable experience reinforcing theoretical knowledge by practical exposure to recording observations, calculating and interpreting results and communicating effectively. At the conclusion of the curriculum, all students are required to take the Advanced Placement Chemistry Examination.

AP PHYSICS I Grade: 11 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Chemistry Honors, Teacher Recommendations Course Description: AP Physics 1 is an algebra-based, introductory college-level physics course where students cultivate a deep understanding of physics by developing and testing models of physical phenomena through hands-on, inquiry-based investigations. Designed to foster advanced reasoning and analytical skills, the course requires students to practice the habits of professional physicists by discussing and debating physical phenomena with peers, as well as designing and conducting laboratory experiments to solve complex problems through first-hand observations, data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Throughout the academic year, students explore and solve problems across essential content areas including kinematics, forces and translational dynamics, work, energy, and power, linear momentum, torque and rotational dynamics, the energy and momentum of rotating systems, oscillations, and fluids.

AP PHYSICS II Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: AP Physics I / Physics H, Teacher Recommendation Course Description: AP Physics 2 is an algebra-based, introductory college-level physics course equivalent to the second course in a standard college sequence, where students cultivate a deep understanding of physical phenomena by developing and testing models through hands-on, inquiry-based investigations. To support a profound level of learning and build the advanced reasoning skills used by professional physicists, the course emphasizes peer discussion, collaborative debates, and significant laboratory inquiry where students solve complex problems using firsthand observations, data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Requiring a prerequisite background of AP Physics 1 (or a comparable introductory physics course) alongside pre-calculus or its equivalent, the curriculum challenges students to explore and solve problems across diverse, advanced domains including thermodynamics, electric force, field, and potential, electric circuits, magnetism and electromagnetism, geometric optics, waves, sound, and physical optics, and modern physics.

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY Grade: 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: The psychology course is an introduction to the scientific study of human behavior. The course introduces students to the systematic and scientific study of the behavior and mental processes of humans. An integrated approach to the teaching of psychology is favored, incorporating content from the five "domains" of psychology, the Methods, Biopsychological, Developmental, Cognitive, and Sociocultural domains. An active learning approach fosters critical thinking and problem solving skills and develops motivation outside the classroom.

AP PSYCHOLOGY Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Current Science Teacher Recommendation Course Description: Advanced Placement (AP) Psychology follows the National College Board Advanced Placement course that provides a rigorous university-level survey of psychology. The pace of this course requires above-average skills related to independent work, critical thinking, reasoning, and reading and written language to ensure success in the course and the AP Examination in May. AP Psychology introduces students to the systematic and scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. Students are exposed to psychologists and their theories and key concepts, and phenomena associated with topics such as the biological basis of behavior, sensation and perception, learning and motivation, developmental psychology, testing and individual differences, psychological disorders and social psychology. Throughout the course there will be inquiry into psychological research methods, including ethical considerations, use of the scientific method, evaluating claims and evidence, and effective communication ideas.

HISTORY DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The philosophy of the History and Social Sciences department is to encourage students to become concerned and productive members of American society and of the global community. With Christian values as a foundation, the student prepares to effectively participate in the multilevel system of a democratic republic. The curriculum incorporates the disciplines of the social sciences to enable students to study people, places, and events. Reflection on history develops the intellect through skills of analysis and research. Instruction seeks to create an appreciation for the importance of geography and to broaden the understanding of contemporary world issues and current events.

UNITED STATES HISTORY SURVEY I Grade: 7 Prerequisites: None Course Description: United States History Survey I introduces students to the highlights of United States history from prehistoric America to the Civil War. A study of world and American geography is integrated into the historical subject content. Social history, politics, and economics are discussed to assist students in relating historical events to current events.

UNITED STATES HISTORY SURVEY II Grade: 8 Prerequisites: None Course Description: United States History Survey II introduces students to the highlights of United States history from the Civil War to present day. A study of world and American geography is integrated into the historical subject content. Social history, politics, and economics are discussed to assist students in relating historical events to current events.

UNITED STATES HISTORY I Grade: 9 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: United States History I at the College Preparatory level offers students a chronological survey of the significant political, social, economic and cultural developments throughout our nation’s history from its origins through the midnineteenth century. Colonization, the Founding Republic, Jeffersonian Reconstruction are thoroughly investigated. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, research, and writing skills, as well as a sense of global awareness viewed through Christian principles and the discussion of current events.

UNITED STATES HISTORY I HONORS Grade: 9. Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: United States History I Honors offers students the opportunity to study American history in depth through extensive analysis of primary and secondary sources and to explore historical perspectives. Emphasis is placed on the critical thinking and writing skills required for advanced studies. Areas of focus include major periods in United States history beginning with the colonization of North America, the Revolutionary War, the framing of the Constitution, Jeffersonian Republicanism, Jacksonian Democracy, Manifest Destiny, the Crucial 1850s, and the Civil War. Research skills, discussions of current events, and world geography are heavily emphasized.

WORLD HISTORY Grade: 10 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: World History introduces students to the prehistory, classical, and regional civilizations of Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. In this course, students develop an understanding of ancient cultures and belief systems through inquiry. At the beginning of each unit, students create and seek answers to factual, conceptual, and debatable questions connected to statements of inquiry. During this process, students develop critical thinking skills, research skills, and an understanding of geography by evaluating and analyzing a range of sources. Throughout the year, students will write about and make connections between the complex nature of historical concepts, issues, events, and developments.

AP WORLD HISTORY Grade: 10 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: United States History I H Course Description: World History is an introductory college-level modern world history course. Students cultivate their understanding of world history from 1200 CE to the present through analyzing historical sources and learning to make connections and craft historical arguments as they explore concepts like humans and the environment, cultural developments and interactions, governance, economic systems, social interactions and organization, and technology and innovation.

UNITED STATES HISTORY II HONORS Grade: 11 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: United States History I Course Description: United States History II Honors further explores United States history beginning with the post-Civil War era to the present. Focus is placed on the major political, diplomatic, social, and economic issues of the period. Critical thinking, advanced writing, and research skills are crucial at this level. Emphasis is placed on the emergence of the United States as a world power, the Progressive Movement, the Great Depression, the New Deal, World War II, the Cold War, the Civil Rights Movement, and the development of post-Modern Industrial Society. An understanding of current events and geography is essential to this course.

AP UNITED STATES HISTORY Grade: 11 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: United States History I Advanced Placement, Departmental Approval Course Description: United States History Advanced Placement provides college level study to investigate significant events, individuals, developments, and processes in nine historical periods from approximately 1491 to the present. Extensive writing, reading comprehension, analysis of primary and secondary source material and critical thinking skills are essential for the on-going study of Advanced Placement United States history. Students are expected to explore the subject by seeking out and analyzing supplementary materials, including current events. Students are required to take the comprehensive National Advanced Placement United States History Examination. Mastery of current events and geography is imperative.

HISTORY ELECTIVES MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY Grade: 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Modern European History provides students with an opportunity to study the major periods in European history from the Renaissance through today. Areas of emphasis include the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Revolutions, the World Wars, and the European Union. Attention is given to critical thinking, research and writing skills, and participation in class discussions. Analysis of primary and secondary source materials, as well as supplementary materials, is essential to emphasize various historical perspectives, geography and current events.

AP MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: United States History I & II and Departmental Approval Course Description: Modern European History at the Advanced Placement level is designed for those students who have an intense interest in history with an emphasis on refining critical thinking and writing skills. This course focuses on the political, social, economic, diplomatic, and cultural aspects of the major periods in European history. Areas of interest include the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the French Revolution, the World Wars, and the formation of the European Union. An emphasis is placed upon analytical thought, examining conflicting historical interpretations, and extensive writing of document-based questions as well as free-response essays in preparation for the Advanced Placement Exam.

ECONOMICS HONORS Grade: 11, 12 Credits: 5 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Economics is the study of the ways in which society makes choices concerning the use of its resources: land, labor, and capital. Economics deals with the concepts and principles determining various world market systems, global competition, and international income and spending. Factors contributing to economic change and government roles are explored in addition to the challenges resulting from the market economy.

DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNMENT Grade: 10, 11 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description This course will examine the relationship between the American government and the functioning of a democratic society. It will study the historical roots that served as the foundation for national political and cultural norms, and how changes over time have contributed to new contemporary challenges to both our citizens and government. This will be a seminar-style course and interdisciplinary (history, literature, sociology, economics and political science that is grade-appropriate) without a textbook. It will use primary sources, excerpts from print and on-line sources, as well as audio and visual media. Students will be immersed in deep discussions, critical thinking and analytical writing. The course is designed to supplement American History I and II, and a byproduct should be to help prepare students who are taking the AP American History examination in the future.

WORLD LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY As our world moves toward a global community, the goal of the World Languages Department is the development of our students' ability to communicate in another language, with an appreciation for those who speak it. Through an in-depth study of their chosen language(s), students are made aware of the influence of these cultures in our country, and of the practical importance of communicating in other languages in today's multicultural, interdependent world. The VWA World Languages Department follows both the New Jersey State Standards and the National Standards for the teaching of Modern Languages.

OVERVIEW OF THE 4-YEAR SEQUENCE: With use of the target language in real-life settings, students incorporate culture and interdisciplinary topics as they make comparisons between the target language and their own. Students are prepared to demonstrate their level of proficiency across the three communicative modes: Interpretive, Interpersonal, Presentational throughout all levels.

SPANISH SPANISH I Grades: 9 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Students learn basic pronunciation, vocabulary and culture. Each unit introduces grammatical structures and vocabulary in a situational context through listening, speaking, reading and writing activities with the use of technology and authentic material. The class presents students with the opportunity to explore the topics of everyday living. Through this exploration, students will gain knowledge of the target language environment and become more culturally and linguistically proficient. The class is conducted primarily in the target language.

SPANISH II Grades: 9, 10 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Spanish I Course Description: Students continue to expand their knowledge of advanced grammatical concepts, culture and vocabulary related to health, technology and household in authentic situational contexts through listening, speaking, reading and writing activities. Students will become more proficient in the target language while comparing the culture of Spanish Speaking countries with their own. The class is conducted primarily in the target language.

SPANISH III – HONORS Grades: 10, 11 Prerequisites: Spanish II Course Description:

Credits: 5

Students continue to develop proficiency through complex grammar and the expansion of all communicative skills. Students will be given the opportunity to understand, interpret, compare and contrast cultural domains such as current events, music, literature, video/movies and art. Students enrolled in Spanish III Honors, who have maintained a cumulative average of 90 or higher in the study of Spanish for 3 consecutive years, are eligible to become a member of the Sociedad Honoraria Hispanica. Classes will be conducted primarily in the target language.

SPANISH IV – HONORS Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Spanish III Honors, June Workshop, Summer Assignment Course Description: Spanish IV Honors is a challenging college-level course which delves deeply into contemporary conversation and culture, while polishing grammar, reading, speaking, and writing skills. Students discuss modern-day topics, the works of sixteen Spanish and Hispanic authors, and perform excerpts from famous Spanish plays. Each student is required to make a PowerPoint presentation of 100 or more slides on a virtual trip through Spain, featuring its major cities, landmarks, personages, and history. Each student is required to research one Latin American country of her choice and present it to the class via her original PowerPoint or video. Students have the opportunity to participate in state and national Spanish contests. The class is conducted in the target language.

SPANISH V - HONORS Grade: 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Spanish IV Honors Course Description: Designed for the advanced student who does not wish to take the Spanish AP Exam, Spanish V Honors presents an intensified study of grammar, advanced vocabulary, conversation, and culture. The college text, workbook, and accompanying CD program review and refine speaking, reading, and writing skills. The class is conducted in the target language.

AP SPANISH LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Spanish III or IV Honors, June Prep workshop, and Summer Assignment Course Description: Designed for the linguistically-gifted senior preparing for the Spanish Language and Culture A.P. Exam, this course explores complex grammar, sophisticated vocabulary, as well as everyday Spanish needed to communicate in daily life. The advanced text and digital programs refine grammar, reading, writing, and oral skills for formal and informal situations. Students explore differences in custom and culture of the Spanish-speaking world, following the five C’s of World Language standards: Communication, Comparisons, Communities, Connections, and Cultures. Students analyze and express detailed opinions in Spanish on five national course themes: Global Challenges, Families and Communities, Personal and Public Identities, Science and Technology, Contemporary Life, Beauty and Aesthetics, using the three communicative modes: Interpretive, Interpersonal, Presentational. Students are invited to participate in local and national contests.

AP SPANISH LITERATURE AND CULTURE Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: AP Spanish Language and Culture, June Prep workshop, and Summer Assignment Course Description: Designed for the linguistically-gifted senior who has already taken the Spanish Language and Culture AP Exam, the Spanish Literature and Culture AP Exam delves into the prose, poetry, and plays of 38 Spanish and Latin American writers from the Middle Ages to modern times. Essays, videos, discussions, readings by and for native speakers provide an exciting challenge for the student who truly loves Spanish.

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FRENCH FRENCH I Grade: 9 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: This is the first of a four-year sequence of learning that provides for the progressive development of the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. In this course, the student is introduced to the culture of France and Francophone countries. This class seeks to integrate interculturality into the learning environment, thus fostering global awareness. With the use of technology and authentic materials, the emphasis on the use of the language through listening and speaking is experienced. Students are expected to speak French for most of the class time.

FRENCH II Grade: 9, 10 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: French I and Teacher Recommendation Course Description: Previously acquired skills in French 1 give the student the opportunity to explore the language further and to advance knowledge of related grammar tenses. Students continue the study of French culture in France and in francophone countries. This class continues to integrate interculturality into the learning environment, thus fostering global awareness. The course is supplemented by the use of technology and authentic materials, and a greater emphasis is placed on acquisition of the language through listening and speaking. Students are expected to speak French for the majority of class time.

FRENCH III HONORS Grades: 10, 11 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: French II and Teacher Recommendations Course Description: Students continue to focus on listening, reading, speaking and writing in French, with emphasis placed on an initial study of advanced grammar concepts. Students continue the study of French culture in France and in francophone countries. This class continues to integrate interculturality into the learning environment, thus fostering global awareness. Students are expected to speak in French for the majority of class time. Continuing the World Language Department’s focus on global awareness, students study such cultural domains as current news events, painting and drawing, sculpture, architecture, music, literature, stage arts and film are embedded into this course throughout the year. Students enrolled in French III Honors, who have maintained a cumulative average of 90 or higher in the study of French, are eligible to become a member of the Société Honoraire de Français.

FRENCH IV HONORS Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: French III H and Teacher Recommendation Course Description: Students advance in their use of the French language through grammar review and the reading and analysis of authentic French novels and contemporary readings. Students take an even closer look at literature, history, art and current events in French-speaking countries through primary literary sources in French. Conversational, reading, writing and listening skills are enriched by this variety of authentic reading sources, short and full length film study and other pertinent materials. Students continue to advance in the four language skill areas, and are placed in an immersion-style classroom, where they are expected to converse 100% of the time in French. During the final month of class, if applicable, students who will study AP French the following year begin work on the six relevant AP themes.

FRENCH V HONORS Grades: 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: French IV H and Teacher Recommendation Course Description: Continuing the World Language Department’s focus on global awareness, students take an even closer look at literature, history, art and current events in French-speaking countries. Conversational, reading, writing and listening skills are enriched by a variety of authentic reading sources, such as literary pieces, novels, poems, musical plays, dramatic plays, news articles, current multimedia platforms and short and full length films. Students continue to advance in the four language skill areas, and are placed in an immersion-style classroom, where they are expected to converse 100% of the time in French. Individual areas of interest for students are addressed in this course. This course is designed for those students as an alternative to AP French as a final year of language study.

AP FRENCH LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: French III Honors and Teacher Recommendation Course Description: This course is structured according to the guidelines of the Advanced Placement Program of the College Entrance Examination Board. All students taking the course are required to take the AP French Language examination, which is administered in May. A satisfactory score on this exam can lead to the awarding of college credit for the course. The Advanced Placement French Language Exam evaluates levels of performance in listening comprehension, reading comprehension and the ability to speak and write in correct and idiomatic French. This course will help students to prepare by providing extensive opportunities to listen to and converse in the language, and will strengthen their ability to read carefully chosen texts taken from French literature and periodicals. The AP curriculum is a skills-based course grounded in six themes: science and technology, global challenges, families and communities, beauty and aesthetics, contemporary life, and personal and public identities.

ITALIAN ITALIAN I Grade: 9 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Students learn basic pronunciation, vocabulary and culture. Each unit introduces grammatical structures and vocabulary in a situational context through listening, speaking, reading and writing activities with the use of technology and authentic material. The class presents students with the opportunity to explore the topics of everyday living. Through this exploration, students will gain knowledge of the target language environment and become more culturally and linguistically proficient. The class is conducted primarily in the target language.

ITALIAN II Grade: 9, 10 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Italian I Course Description: Students continue to expand their knowledge of advanced grammatical concepts, culture and vocabulary related to health, technology and household in authentic situational contexts through listening, speaking, reading and writing activities. Students will become more proficient in the target language while comparing Italian culture with their own. The class is conducted primarily in the target language.

ITALIAN III HONORS Grade: 10, 11 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Italian II and Teacher Recommendations Course Description: Students continue to develop proficiency through complex grammar and the expansion of all communicative skills. Students will be given the opportunity to understand, interpret, compare and contrast cultural domains such as current events, music, literature, video/movies and art. Students enrolled in Italian III Honors, who have maintained a cumulative average of 90 or higher in the study of Italian for 3 consecutive years, are eligible to become a member of the Società Onoraria Italica. Classes will be conducted primarily in the target language.

ITALIAN IV HONORS Grade: 11, 12 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Italian III Honors Course Description: Students continue to advance in the four language skill areas through more complex grammar and vocabulary. Conversational, reading, writing and listening skills are enriched by a variety of authentic reading sources from literature, current events, short and full length film study, presentations and other pertinent materials. Classes are conducted entirely in the target language.

AP ITALIAN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Italian III Honors and Teacher Recommendation Course Description: This course is structured according to the guidelines of the Advanced Placement Program of the College Entrance Examination Board. All students taking the course are required to take the AP Italian Language examination, which is administered in May. A satisfactory score on this exam can lead to the awarding of college credit for the course. The Advanced Placement Italian Language exam evaluates levels of performance in the three modes of communication— Interpretive, Interpersonal, and Presentational.This course will engage students in extensive opportunities to listen to and converse in the language, and will strengthen their ability to read carefully chosen thematic texts while considering essential questions. Students analyze, react, compare and contrast sources taken from Italian literature, statistics, audio interviews and periodicals grounded on six themes: science and technology, global challenges, families and communities, beauty and aesthetics, contemporary life, and personal and public identities. The class is conducted entirely in the target language.

LATIN LATIN Grade: 7 Prerequisite: None Course Description: The basics of the Latin language are taught by means of a communicative approach. The relationship of Latin to our English language is stressed, decoding English words with Latin roots, prefixes, suffixes, and Latin mottos. Roman culture and history are presented as found in the text, which is used for a two-year period.

LATIN Grade: 8 Prerequisite: Seventh Grade Latin Course Description: Continuing with the grammar, culture, and history of the Roman Empire, students are shown relationships to the Romance languages offered at Villa Walsh Academy: French, Italian, and Spanish.

MUSIC DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY Villa Walsh Academy encourages critical and creative thinking. We seek to emphasize conceptual understanding and competence in areas that engage students in the actual process of music making: creating, performing, and responding. We believe that students need to experience the creative process to be successful in all aspects of their lives: as musicians, in academic studies, and in their personal lives. We believe that performance is incorporated in all facets of life, whether it be as a singer, instrumentalist or within a chosen career. We believe that students emotionally respond to music, as well as to their culture, their community, and their colleagues. For these reasons, music is considered an integral part of the total education program of Villa Walsh Academy. With involvement in the musical process, we hope to meet the individual needs of all students searching for creative fulfillment, musical understanding, and inspiration.

CHORUS Grades: 7-12 Credits: 3 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Choral singing is a performing art. The choral program provides each student with the opportunity to build musical independence and build critical thinking skills. The program is inclusive and offers participation to all who wish to sing. The art of choral singing involves the senses, perception, creativity and imagination: qualities essential to human development. Students study choral music of the highest quality, representing a diverse repertoire from various historical and cultural genres. Participation in the Choral Program and Music Ministry at Villa Walsh Academy is a commitment to personal responsibility in class, dress rehearsals, liturgies, and concerts. Ultimately, the choral experience serves to foster the student's lifelong love and appreciation for music in performance and worship.

DANCE

Grades: 10, 11, 12 Credits: 2 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Villa Walsh Academy’s Dance Ensemble focuses on exploring the art of dance in all aspects, from physical strengthening, to artistic expression and performance. Each meeting time, students engage in a movement class and will collaborate on pieces for school assemblies, concerts and shows. Dance genres taught include modern, ballet and jazz dance with explorations in cultural dances from around the world. To fully immerse students in the study of movement, dance history and notation is introduced. This course is open to all who wish to both explore the art form and be involved in performance and outreach.

AP MUSIC THEORY Grade: 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: None; however, ability to read and write basic musical notation and have basic performance skills with voice or an instrument are essential Course Description: The AP Music Theory course corresponds to approximately two semesters of introductory college level music theory and aural skills coursework. We will learn to recognize, understand, describe, and produce the basic elements and processes of performed and notated music. We will cover pitch, rhythm, timbre, harmonic function, phrase relationships, and tonicization. We will analyze these concepts through recorded examples and notated music, with emphasis on identification and analysis of musical features, relationships, and compositional form in full musical contexts. Repertoire for analysis on the AP Music Theory Exam ranges from European Baroque pieces to folk and popular music from around the world. We will develop our musicianship skills through rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic dictation, sight singing, and error detection exercises. Writing exercises further emphasize the foundational harmonic and voice-leading procedures of Western Art Music covered on the exam.

46A

ART DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The art program is designed to guide young people toward art as a way of life, and to help students develop a sense of beauty and cultural appreciation. This is accomplished through positive and productive art experiences. Art adds enjoyment to school life in its many forms of expression and also inspires creative problem solving in other subject areas. The Villa Walsh Academy art program is extended to all students to ensure that they receive a complete and balanced education in every aspect of learning.

ART 7 Grade: 7 Prerequisites: None Course Description: This course introduces the student to the elements and principles of design, through work with a variety of media and techniques. Developing the student's ability to make critical judgments about art, the course provides a foundation for the continued study of art.

ART 8 Grade: 8 Prerequisites: None Course Description: This course continues to build upon and further the student's knowledge of the principles and elements of art - drawing, line, color, design and painting - to broaden her familiarity with media and techniques. A continual emphasis on critical judgment is accompanied by a focus on challenging the student’s skills.

FOUNDATIONS OF ART Grade: 9 Credits: 3 Prerequisites: None Course Description: This course expands the student's knowledge, abilities, and critical judgment, by introducing new media to include watercolor, ink, pencil, charcoal, tempera, and acrylic paints. To enhance their comprehension of The principles and elements of part and design, students are taught techniques in still-life drawing, linear perspectives, portrait, and figure drawing.

FINE ART Grades: 10, 11, 12 Credits: 3 Prerequisites: Foundations of Art (or meet with Instructor) Course Description: Formerly called Advanced Art, this course emphasizes the four core art disciplines: art production, art criticism, art history, and aesthetics. Students use the art elements and principles of design to better learn how to observe, critique and create original art, while building skills through a variety of hands-on techniques with many art mediums. Students learn to work independently in a studio art classroom while exploring: drawing, painting, photography, printmaking, sculpture (ceramics), fine art crafts, design, digital art, and mixed media. Assignments are different each year, with the option of a third year independent studio plan. Advanced students who wish to major in art will be guided to concentrate on their area of expertise in creating a comprehensive portfolio of several art mediums.

ART & DESIGN Grades: 10, 11, 12 Credits: 3 Prerequisites: Foundations of Art (or meet with instructor) Course Description: This studio course provides students the opportunity to focus on career oriented art skills in the areas of graphic design, architecture, fashion illustration, and cartooning. With guidance and group critiques, students work independently in their chosen area(s) to learn ways to communicate visual ideas and concepts for the commercial world. Ceramics is optional for all three years. First year covers: Logo design, Printmaking, ad design, typography, Painting & Design, 1-point perspective & relief, (architectural elevations, fashion figures, character design). Second year: Print. II, Paint/Design II, 2point perspective, motion graphics, Advanced Photoshop, model building, (Fashionpattern making/sewing, Cartooning- sequential art, Architecture- floor plan). Third Year: Students focus on one area for all year: (Fashion- fabric & fashion design, sewing a garment for yourself, Cartooning- comic strip making, Architecture- site plan & sculpture), Print. III, Illustration, web design, 3-point perspective, Adv. Photoshop II.

HONORS 2D ART & DESIGN Grades: 11 Credits: 5 Prerequisites: Art & Design or Advanced Art Course Description: This 5 credit course starts students on the AP portfolio building process - see the AP 2D Art & Design description. AP College Board procedures will be followed as students explore different art media and techniques while strengthening art skills. Students work in the same curriculum and schedule as the AP students. To produce a cohesive group of 2D artwork, students will craft a personal ‘guiding question’ or statement around which their 2-year portfolio will revolve. Ceramics is optional, as anything 3D can be photographed in order to be presented in a 2D format.

AP 2D ART & DESIGN Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Honors 2D Art & Design Course Description: This 6 credit course accommodates students who have demonstrated a strong interest and commitment to excel in any two-dimensional art category such as drawing, painting, graphic design, digital art, photography, collage, cartooning or fashion illustration, printmaking, and mixed-media. Ceramics is optional and included since any 3D work can be photographed. Art elements and principles, explorations, research, art homework, summer work, and critiques, are integral parts of this course in adhering to the College Board guidelines. With direct teacher instruction, emphasis is on a two-year development of an AP 2D Art & Design portfolio geared around a personal ‘guiding question’, or statement, then digitally submitted in early May.

AP ART HISTORY Grades: 11, 12 Credits: 6 Prerequisites: Department Approval Course Description: AP Art History is a college-level course in the studio of world art and architecture. It is structured around the 250 Required Works of AP History and requires students to know specific details of each work including date, title, artist and material and be able to articulate their knowledge through more in depth analysis in the following areas: visual and contextual, continuity and change, comparison of works of art and attribution of unknown works. Students are required to take the Advanced Placement Art History Examination.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The purpose of the physical education program is to contribute to each student's growth and development through a movement-based curriculum. Physical Education is based upon acquiring knowledge and skills that are essential for engaging in physical activity. The ultimate goal is for students to sustain regular, lifelong physical activities as a foundation for a healthy, productive and fulfilling life. Some of the characteristics developed in these areas are cooperation, competition, leadership, ability to follow directions, sportsmanship, honesty and respect for one's own ability and limitations of others.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION Grade: 7, 8 Prerequisites: None Course Description: This course consists of units of instruction with attention given to motor skill development, individual, team, and recreational sports. The program affords opportunities for the development of a healthy well-adjusted person through a supervised physical fitness program. Students are introduced to a variety of activities whereby they are required to demonstrate an understanding of game rules and basic skills to achieve the comprehensive physical education curriculum standards.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION Grade: 9, 10, 11, 12 Credits: 2 Prerequisites: None Course Description: This course consists of units of instruction with attention given to intermediate skill development, individual, team, and recreational sports. The program affords opportunities for the development of a healthy, well-adjusted person through a supervised physical fitness program. Students are introduced to a variety of activities whereby they are required to demonstrate an understanding of game rules, game strategy, and more refined skills to achieve the comprehensive physical education curriculum standards.

DRIVER EDUCATION DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The Driver Education course is based on the philosophy that adherence to the civic laws of society, as related to driving, is integral to a safe and healthy life. The three goals of the course are, namely, to familiarize students with the essential rules of road courtesy, to heighten their awareness of physical safety, and to raise their consciousness of the rights of both other drivers and pedestrians. The course attempts to instill confidence, knowledge, respect, and the ability to deal with any and every driving situation they may encounter.

DRIVER EDUCATION Grade: 10 Credits: 1 Prerequisites: None Course Description: Classroom Driver Education is required of all students in the tenth grade. The course provides materials and methods concerned with sound driving practices: New Jersey motor vehicle laws, rules of the road, operation and basic maintenance, pedestrian protection, drugs/alcohol and the effects on driving and the psycho physical limitations of drivers. Students complete the New Jersey state written examination in class, and must receive an 80% or better to fulfill NJMVC requirements for obtaining a basic driver permit.

HEALTH DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The Health Department focuses on promoting overall well-being, encompassing the physical, mental, emotional, and social dimensions of each student. In today's ever-changing world, the student must be prepared for the important life decisions with which she is faced on a daily basis. The purpose of this program is to cover current health issues and to provide the student with the skills necessary to make responsible and intelligent choices.

HEALTH Grade: 7 Course Description: This course covers responsible personal behavior in interpersonal relationship skills, decision making, goal setting, good nutrition, puberty, physical fitness, self esteem/body image, and misuses/abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs. Emphasis is placed on the effects as related to physical, mental, social, and emotional health. Students are introduced to basic first aid and safety skills.

HEALTH Grade: 8 Course Description: This course covers human growth and development, communicable diseases, body systems, stress management, physical fitness, competition, and environmental and consumer health issues. Students develop skills necessary to enhance healthy behaviors and avoid health risks associated with alcohol, tobacco, and drug use. Students further individual development in decision making as related to physical, mental, and social and emotional well-being.

HEALTH Grade: 9 Credits: 1 Prerequisites: None Course Description: The goals of this course are to teach wellness skills for learning skills and a healthy lifestyle. Major health issues and risk factors involved in these issues are emphasized. Mental and social health issues, interpersonal relationships, and adolescent concerns are included. Instruction regarding the harmful effects of the misuse/abuse of tobacco, alcohol, and drugs is an integral part of this course. Fitness, nutrition, stress management, and sexually transmitted diseases are covered.

HEALTH Grade: 11 Credits: 1 Prerequisites: None Course Description: The focus of this course is the American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED Program, which certifies students in First Aid, CPR, and AED. Proper procedure for and applications of First Aid, CPR, and AED are enhanced by current DVDs and handson mannequin practice.

HEALTH Grade: 12 Credits: 1 Prerequisites: None Course Description: The seminar format of this course allows for greater freedom in the discussion of vital health issues. Emphasis is placed on responsible personal behavior and independent decision-making skills. Current health issues such as sexually transmitted diseases, drug and alcohol misuse/abuse are covered. Dating, marriage, pregnancy and birth are included in the curriculum, which concludes with preparation for college life. The course is enhanced through various media and guest speakers.

GUIDANCE DEPARTMENT PHILOSOPHY The philosophy of the Guidance Department mirrors the basic tenets of the school's philosophy reflected in the document, "To Teach as Jesus Did." Inherent in the guidance program are those Christian values and ideals which will hopefully permeate the whole person's outlook on life. The general function of the Guidance Department is to assist the student in obtaining the maximum benefit from her high school experience in a college preparatory program. The multi-faceted guidance program seeks to facilitate the process of growth in each of its students, so that having acquired and integrated that knowledge of mind, spirit, body and soul, the student is equipped to adapt to post-high school experience in truth and with confidence. Students are strongly encouraged to request an appointment with their guidance counselor at any time.

GUIDANCE Grades: 7, 8 Course Description: Students meet with a guidance counselor periodically throughout the school year. Topics of discussion include: time management, academics, extracurricular activities, and matriculation into high school.

GUIDANCE Grade: 9 Course Description: Students meet with a guidance counselor periodically throughout the school year. Topics of discussion include: matriculation into high school, academic coursework, time management, and extracurricular activities.

GUIDANCE Grade: 10 Course Description: Students meet with the guidance counselor during study halls to discuss academic and vocational interests, standardized testing and test results, and course selection.

GUIDANCE Grade: 11 Course Description: Students meet with the guidance counselor during study halls to discuss PSAT, SAT tests, course selection, the college search, and college admissions. Students work with the counselor to produce an appropriate list of colleges, a personal activities resume and a college essay. Relevant materials, which include a timetable for the admissions process, are distributed to students throughout the year.

GUIDANCE Grade: 12 Course Description: Students meet with the counselor weekly for the first semester for an in-depth review of the entire college process. Students are advised about the college application process, recommendations, Naviance, deadlines, financial aid and scholarship opportunities. Every fall, representatives from over 30 colleges visit Villa Walsh Academy to meet with interested seniors. In addition, students meet with the guidance counselor during study halls and are strongly encouraged to make individual appointments. It is highly recommended that students and parents view the Guidance website for current information.

SCHEDULE OF STUDENT TESTING TYPE

Scholastic Assessment

Placement

GRADE

8-9

Scholastic Assessment

Scholastic 11-12 Achievement

MONTH

NAME OF TEST

March/ April

Complete Battery of PSAT 8/9

Implemented to predict academic success both regionally and nationally

May

VWA English/Math/ Language Placement Tests

To determine appropriate tracking in college preparatory or honors courses

October

PSAT/NMSQT (Pre-liminary Scholastic Assessment Test/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test)

To satisfy college requirements and to provide for individual assessment in nationwide competition

PSAT (Preliminary Scholastic AssessmentTest)

To familiarize students with testing in Reading and Math

AP (Advanced Placement)

To determine eligibility for exemption from college courses 101. To earn college credit for high school courses

SAT and ACT Testing Advisement

To satisfy college requirements and to provide for individual assessment in nationwide competition

Naviance "Career Interest Profiler"

To help expose students to careers and vocations that suit the students based on personality and interests.

March/ April

May

OctoberScholastic Assessment

Career/ Vocational Assessment

11-12

9-12

PURPOSE

(at VWA)