!,
Marsile Alumni Hall
ST. VIATOR COLLEGE 56 Miles From Chicago
KANKAKEE, ILL1NOIS
Founded in 1868. Recently rebuilt. Four n ew, thoroughly modern a nd fireproof ~uildings . Location . pleasant, healthy l;Lf!.d e asily accessible. Capacity limited to 300 boarding students . . Price· Of 'b oard and tmtwn $250.00 per year. Private rooms (Roy Hall) r ented at $00.00 or $75.00 per year. · · Well organized faculties and comple te educ ation al equipment in d e partments of Theology, Philosophy, Sciences and Ma thematics, Lite rature and Eloquen ce a nd in Academic and Preparatory Courses. Degrees in Arts, Scien ces and Letters conferred yearly. A Salutary syste m of disciplin e which makes for ch 31racter building is m a intained. · For Illustrated -Catalogue , address
REV. J. P. O'MAHONEY, C. S. V., President
Magrtificent New-
Notre Dame Convent Bourbonnais, Illinois Re ady for boarders. Stric tly fire proof. 85 large bright, airy , priva t e rooms a nd alcoves. Good spring w a t e r. Cuisine the best. Mod ern a ppliances f or light, h eat a n d · wat er ,syste ms. Thorough physical, intellectu al a n d religious training. Grounds spacious. Locality h ealthful a nd quie t country. Only 56 miles from Chicago, on two roads, Illinois · Ce ntral a nd Big. Four.
Terms $200.00 per year. S e nd for Catalogue to th e Lady Superiore ss. Indep endent Teleph on e 706
Bell Telephon e 448 R. Telephone Number of Chicago
Reprcsen~ative ,
R a ndolph 172.
School Re opens September 8th.
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Telephones: B ell 237r ,- I ndependent 4
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Man ufacturer of LIME Wholesale and Retail Cemen t, B rz'ck , S ewer Pz'pe, S and, Etc. Office and Warehouse 12-16 Wes t Av enue
KANKAKEE, ILL.
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w J Gogh lin Bedding and I
Upholstering Company Manu facturers of
Mattresses, Couches I
Al s o specialties in Feather R enovating S pecial Prices t o I nstitutions
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Kankakee, llli1,1ois.
W. W. HUCKINS
GEORGE ARSENEAU
DEALER IN
BAKERY
Hard and Soft Coal
Specialties: Pies and Cakes Corner Court St. and East Ave .
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Bo urbonna is, Illin ois
Voss for Photos
First National Bank
207 COURT STREET
Kankakee, Illinois
Henry E. Volkmann & Son
When You are Hungry go to
KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS
McBrootn Bros.,
Dealers in
Diamonds, Watches & Jewelry
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· C . RUHLE
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LUNCHROOM ===and===
RESTAURANT
Watch Repairing and Engra1.Jing
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. TH:E MIDDLEBY OVEN • THE OVE·NTH.AT SATISFIES.
A B,RICK OVEN THAT 'CAN BE MOVED · Has No Superior.
FOR INSTITUTIONS
Send for Catalogue an.d F~ll Information
MIDDL.E BY OVEN MFG. CO. 172-176 West Adams Street, Chicago, Illinois
G. OSCAR H. BYRON
WHEN IN TROUBLE
Groceries, Ice. Cream, Cigars and Confectionery
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LUNCH ROOM
HICKEY
Bourb'o nnais, Illinois Ind. Phone
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Bell228-R
W. ARTHUR LATHAM
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Mrs. D. H.Kamman
H. Handorf
Mrs. D. H..Kammann &Co. Manufacturers ·of
Mitchell Autos Oldsmobile
Mineral Water, Champagne Cider, Belfast Ginger .Ale
Garage-269 Schuyler Ave, Kankakee
Kankakee, Illinois
ERZING.ER BROS.
Fancg Grocers
Fresh Fruits, Confectionery and Bakery Goods of all kinds a specialty
226-232 CouRT
STREET
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KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS '
Groceries For Institutions the largest Packers W E &areJ ob})ers of Groceries,
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Gallon Canned Fruits & Vegetables, et,c. Pure foods and di- ·· rect importers of high grade teas and coffees packed especjally for institutions (public and charitable, large and small) in the U. S. A. Our coffee roasting plant is the largest in the west. Send for complete grocery price list corrected to date. It is yours for the asking, free. If honest weights, quality and price count, you will give me your orders. No fake prepaid freight scheme in ours.
JOSEPH F. KELLEY MANAGER
THE McNEIL & HIGGINS CO. Wholesale Grocers, Jobbers ahd Importers. Kelley Can Supply You With Pure Foods.
3 to 15 State St., Chicago, Ill.
All ivleats .Used by St. Viator College Are Supplied by the ·Hotel Departtnent
Morris & Company CHICAGO Kansas City
E.• St. Louis : Oklahoma City : St. Joseph
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· ·The Kankakee Republican Co. .
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Printers and Stationers We make a specialty of Catalogues, Booklets, Fine Station.e ry, Commencetnent Programs and Invitations for Colleges and Convents
He.n ry C . Luehrs H C. Luehrs G.E.Luehrs
H. C. LUEHRS & SONS Hard and Soft Coal Both Phones
Kankakee, Ill.
Offices: 249 Court St.; ' Legris Bros'. Bank ; Corner River St. and West Ave.
J. J. RONDY 210 Court St., :: Kankakee Wants to see you when you want
STATIONERY . OR SPORTING GOODS · The Largest Lines in Kan¥-akee County
().RAND CENTRAL BA RSER ·sH.oP SIX CHAIRS
JOE LAMBERT Proprietor 184 Court Street
:: Kankakee, Illinois Independent Phone 444
Philip Houde · General Contractor and Builder BOURBONNAIS, ILLINOIS
JOHN J. DRURY
PLUMBING Steam and Hot Water Heating, Gas Lights &-.o Mmztles, Gas Stoves, Sewer Work 276 Schuyler Avenue, Kankakee, Illinois.
Both Phones
Joseph Turk Mfg.,Co. Bradley, Illinois
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Makers of
Columbia Iron and Brass Bedsteads
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Special Attention to, Furnishing Institution Beds 路 Prices and:nlustrations on Application
APPARATUS FOR PHYSICS路 CHEMISTRY- BIOLOGY PHYSIOGRAPHY - AGRICU-LTURE No. 3816
Laboratory Balance, designed
by Prof. R. A. Millikan, of Chicago University, for school s desiring a more sensitive and convenient form of balance than the Harvard Trip Scale at a slightly additionai cost. Oapacitu, two kilos. Sensibility with full load of 2,000 grams, 0.05 grams. This sensibillty is proportionately i'ncreased with a lighter load. Beam, open construction. No small weights. A rider upon beam indicates all amounts up to 10 grams by 1-10 gram divisions, thus avoiding- the inconvenience of small weights. 路 Damping device, positive in action brings balance quickly to rest. Bearings, steel carefully~ad路 justed. Pan arre.~t, enablipg operator to safely move balance while loaded. Also prevents injury to beam and knife edges. _ Leveling screws are supplied, insuring greater sensitiveness . Dimension.~. Beam,, 34 em long. Length of graduation, 25 em. Pans nickel plated, 15 em. in diameter . Height of balance, 45 em. Counterpoise weight included. PRICE, NET, $12.00
Catalogs Sent Prepaid, On Request
Central Scientific Cotnpan-y 14-28 Michigan St.
CHICAGO ILLINOIS
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PAULISSEN MANUFACTURING CO. MANUFACTURERS OF
Sash, 'Do·ors and Mouldings Interior Finish a Specialty Piate and . .W _ indow Glass Always on Hand 143 Washington Avenue, Cor. Bourbonnais Street, Kankakee, Illinois
Central Union Telephone, Main 276w
Kankakfe Book Store
E.BETOURNE
176 Court Street Fine Stationery, .Pojmlat Copyright Alger and Henly Books, Post Cards and A !bums, Pennants a11d Pillow Covers, Sporting Goods. The Gift Store
Druggist and Optician
F. MAISONNEUVE High Class
Shoe Repairing Satisfaction Guaranteed
ALCIDE L'ECUYER & COMPANY
NORRIS & FRITH
Mercantile Jobbers
Hard-ware and Sporting Goods
TEL. FRANKLIN 480
w-.J.GILBERT, MGR
CHICAGO FIRE BRICK COMPANY MANUFACTURERS
OF
Fire Brick, Fire Proofing, Fire Clay, Hol· low Blocks, Hollow Brick, Flue Lining, Sewer Pipe, Wall Coping Chimney Tops. 608 OHAMBER OF OOMMEROE
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Students' Elect1 ic Reading Lamps
Kankakee Electric light Co.
East. Ill. Trust & Sav. Bank Bldg. Both Phones 601 Kankakee, Ill.
·£,,~,
Kodaks & Supplies
Basement, City National Bank Bld!f.
Confectionery and Cigars a Spec ialty
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: : Independent Telephone, No. 160
LUMBER
CHICAGO
PATRICK-BETOURNE PHARMACY North Side of Court Street
ID~r il(o~ak
§qop
The Largest Stock of Photographic Supplies, Plates, Films, Lamps, Enlarging Cameras & Developing Papers in the City.
H. H. TROUP &co. LUMBER KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS
,. ' William ·M , Byrne, Secr~tary
John J. ·Wheeler, President
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The Standard. Roofing Co. .
. Established
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ROOFERS .
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692 N. HALSTED STREET · ·. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
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Phone Monroe 430
Medal and 1);plo11ZaS at World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, I89J; A71Zerica1Z Institute of Architects' Exhibit, Chicago, I894 ·
ESTABLISHED 1884
JOHN CARETTI &. CO. JOHN D'AMBROSIO, Proprietor OONTRAOTORS OF
:TERRAZZO~CERAMIC Marble and Enamel
M_ o~at'.c· ~
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'ttile anb marble 'Wlork 172 Michigan Street, Chicago / slllinois Telephone: Randolph 1499
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CASEY CO.
Manufacturers and General Contractors
Heating
Ventilating Apparatus Complete Power Plants
Sanitary Plumbing Municipal Water Works and Sewerage Systems
37 to 45 OHIO STREET., CHICAGO., ILLINOIS Long Distance Telephone, North 1833
THE NEW WORLD CHURCH GOODS STORE We lta路ve a large selection of Prayer Books, Scapulars, Cand/estil..-ks, Rosaries, Medals, Crucifixes, Sanctuary Lamps, Holy TJ?ater Fo;zts , Cards, Statues Pictures, Gold a1td Silver Crosses, Sick Call Outfits, etc ., at ~rery moderate prices. 1~fail orders give1t prompt attention .
843 Wabash Aoenue
D.
(Near 12th Street)
Chicago, Illinois.
J. OIJLOUGHLIN, M. D. Practice Limited to
EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT Ind. Phone 704
J 91 Court Street, Kankakee, Illinois
School Boards Buying Andrews ' Schoo Desks are sur.e of satisfaction, prompt shipment, fair dealing. Wealsolead the world in Oyera Chairs, Settees, etc., for halls and. auditoriums.
The A. H. AndreW"s Co. 路 174-6 Wabash Avenue
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Chicago, Illinois 路
''NONOISE"
MONEY TO LOAN ON CATHOLIC CHURCH PROPERTY AT LOWEST RATE Inquiries Solicited
NAPOLEON PICARD 159 LaSalle St.
Chicago, Illinois
The Spalding Trade-Mark
A. G. Spalding:& Bros. Are the largest manufacturers in the world of Official Equipment for all Athletic Sports and Pastimes. are interested in Athletic Sports y ou should h ave a copy of the Spaldin g CataU IF Y 0 - - - - - - logue. It's a complete encyclopedia of
WHAT'S NEW IN SPORT and is sent free on request. Is known throughout the world as a Guarantee of Quality
A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 147 Wabash Ave ..
Dotnestic Palace Steatn
Chicago, Ill.
Laun~ry路
Telephone No. 178 311 Schuyler Avenue Kankakee, Illinois
OUR ICE CREAM & SPECIAL DESSERTS
win p raise w !zerever used. Made ziz competent w orkm en , using only absolutely p u re cream an d flavo rs. Special p m ty Prices.
=============== a m odern p lant by
ANDERSON DAIRY COMPANY Either Phone 91
''Every Mouthful Delicious" 39J Schuyler Avenue, Kankakee, Ill.
~rieL Tel.
472
We Do Repairing
The "~La Petite'.' Theatre
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F. A., lOTTIN·VIllE SHOE' DEAlE!\
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Kankakee's Most Popular Picture Show .
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Best Singing - Best Pictures Best Music . Matinee 2 to 5·p. m. · Evenings 7 to 10:30
All New Ideas in Fashionable Footwear·
New Show -Every Day
t88 Court Street
-Distilled Water ) The Family Ice I Ce (Absolutely Pure
Roy's Pharmacy 193 Court S1reet Drugs, Stationery, Cigars, Paint&, Oils and Varni1Shes
. F. ~ D.
RADEKE BRG. CO. Both Phones 132 Kankakee, nr.
Admission 5c
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Prescriptions a Specialtg
.Legris Brothers
STITH BROS . .
1Sankers
Restaurant and
Kankakee, Illinois
182 Merchant Street, Kankakee
1\nox Hats
Lion Shirts
Lunch Room
H & P Gloves
Everwear Hosiery
All a:e striking examples of the perfection of American Manu- · Jacture. Necessities whose comfort and goodness will apreal to you long after you have forgotten the price. Sold exclusively in Kankakee · by
B. B.
FERRIS~--Distributor
of Men's Wear
FARQUHAR & ALBRECHT. CO. = = = = WHOLESALE====
378--388 Wabash A v.e .,. Chicago - ----------~----~------------------------~
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The M·cL.aughlin~M~teer Co. Crushed Stone, Cement Walks · and Curbs, Portla.n d Cement and all Kinds of Mason's Supplies. North Schuyler Avenue and City Limits, Kankakee, llliniJis Both Phones No. 277
Dr.
z. J.
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DENTIS.T . Crown and Bridg~ Work. Gold Fillings a Specialty. Popular Prices~. Excellent Work. Prompt Execution.
175 COURT STREET
KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS
The Fin.est ·Assortment of Room Furnishings in the city will be found at
J.
LECOUR & SONS
The Store of Quality and Low- Prices Largest Insurance Agency in Kankakee County
S_hirley Moisant & Co; Fire Insurance Office in Legris Brothers' Bank
Kankakee, Illinois !·
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THE VIA170RIAN ''FAC ET SPERA" VOLUME 28
MARCH, i911
NUMBER 6
THE PROVIDENTIAL NATION Child of protecting Rom,e, we1r t thou not heir? . Stamp not thy reco;r ds lineal origin? -John EdmJUJnrd Re:a1de.
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OD ereated man to manifest His goodne:s1H. He n1ade him to His image: and1likeness, wi~hing to .conununi. cate to a creature s10merthing of His. own life. The . ~~~ Almight~ Oreator n1ade -1nan the link bet"'lveen he,arven · a.nd earth. He g·a;ve hi1n a1 body taken fr1Q'lll the ·earth into which He b1~eathed an inunortal Horul, like unto the: spjrits who dwell in the · heavenly court. But man, listening to the whispers 10f the serpent, rebelled against His hene~fice:nt l'l1ak·e:r, and inaugurated a: long' s·erie:s~ of rehellions• aga.insrt God which ha~ve continued to the present day. God had Cr'elalt.ed an things' in harmlony. The angels, who ra.i sed the s.ta~ndard of revolt unde1r Lucife~ r, dis.turbed1 this ha:rmony and '\vere hurled! fronT their exaltedi plaee in the · celestia,l Kingdmn. into the a:byss· of hell. God, howeve:r , did not condemn n1an to the et.ernal tor1nents of hell in punishlnen t of his transgres,s1ion; for his sin, al th10ugh a; deordination of the harn1ony brea~thed into a;U things by Gold, was not of such 1nagnitude1 as, thart, of the angels and hence· did not de~nand .a1 punis1hn1ent so severe. But n1an, by his sin, lost his grand prerog·ative of i n1n1Drta lit~, his .s:e renity and pe,a.ce of soul and' thos'e splendid gifts; of 1nind and body with which h.is h ea,v enly Fart her had endowed hint. As Ada1n was' the n1oral head of the: human race, so all born frorm hhn n1us·t suffer the terrible penalty of his crhne. The lorving 'Father who had cre1a rt.e:d hin1 did not aha:ndon him in his. di,srtress.; but in order to give the hun1a.n race an opportunity of winning back the divine favor, forfeited by our first parents, and to r~e-esta1blish ·the ha;rmony violat,e d hy their' fan, He pron1is,ed
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then1 ru Redeeme:r who should' ente:r this' sh1'"laden world and repair the evil a;n d re·- adjust things.' As our first parents lost their innocence and divine fa,v or througn the vice of pride, as the ]l~gioru:. 01f Lucife:r had, s.o the S,a;vior rnust restore the dhrine friendship of n1an throrug;h tlh.e virtt1;e1 of humility. The. Redee1ner n1ust abase Hhn1self to atone fo·r the self-exaltation of the firHt n1an .and w·on1a.n. JuSit atS a cr.e ative act was, required on the 'part of God to bring the "'ivorld into existence, so also rnust He by Hi.s provide,n ce cons,erve that which He ha:s. cr'e ated; otherwise it will cease to be and 1a,pse into nothingnes.s out o.f ·which He created it. But; the divine pro'Vidence does conserve the unhrerse a,n<l Suprerne 'iVisdmn rnainta.i ns the universal har1nony originally in.fuse{U into creat:ed things~ Hence it "'ivals neee'SISia,r y that ill order to prese1rve ha1rrnony andJ to C!atrry ourt t'he divine desjg~nsi , Clod .should .s:o a~rraln :g;e thing1~ ais toJ facilitate the entry of the R.eltle1mu·e r int.o: the wrodd ain:dJ t io insiUire the ·sueeeS'S' of' His. miss:ion. · He should prepalr e n11a1nkind for the coming of the great con,qll.·e ro·r , who, in. the pl"'e-ordaliUJedidecre·eSI of eternity, was to triun1ph over the porwers of evil a.n d restore to rnan the precious birthright he had cast away. Consequently "'iVe learn the nris·s,i on God hnpQised on Abraha1n and his children of pres,m·ving in its: purity the truer conception of God, i: e., His. unity, and the dependence of all cr:ea.ted thing's· upon Hin1. From Abrahan1 and his poste:r ity should· corne: the Sa.v ior of the world and in llirn all the natrons would be bless·ed. YVhat. a. glorious de's,t iny did G,o d ilnpart to the Hebrew race! YVhat a splendid picture of true .n ational grandeur and greatne2.s la.y e·xpos.ed he.fore the eyes of the .J ewisih people! Front that race was to be bo:.r n the chosen one of God who' "'iva.s' to sever the bonds of. s.Iavery and to release the world fl."'Olll thei thraldom of a: poVirerful and inexorable enen1y! :In this-cmninission of the ra.ce of Abraharn we can eas.ily discern. the w()trking of divine provjdence. We' see the selection of Ui certain people "to make srt:ra,i ght the pa,t h" :tor the . "expeet•a,t ion .of nat.io111s." God· knows the . he.arr ts· of men and can foresee the course of lllnnan ev·e nts. He guides the humJan race in accordance with cert.a,i n laws, which He, in Hh~ wisdmn, haS! devised· a.nd estalhlished. A 111 i.s sion of s!Uch tre·Inendous ilnportance stretching into- the distaillt centuries of the future would be better accornplished by a, na,t ion tha1n by the nations, and conseque,n tly after the de!f ection of the na-
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tion.s He re1Sftricted it to the fa.n1ily of hin1 who' had found favor in His eyes because he had .walked in His \Ya!y s a:n d had obs.e rved His emn1na.n ds. He re:wa:r~ded the~ fidelity of Abra.haur hy rna.k ing him. the father of a1 great people. . This sacred nation of antiquit~, whkh the supreme Lord of hea,v en and ea.rth had .s et up for Hirnse1f in the darkness of pa,ganisu1 which encircled the earth \va.s endowed with superior na.tura,l qualifications, with an e:ndura,rice a·nd a str'on:g vitality whioh would e:nab.Ie it ,to rmnaifil firrn and steadfast. to. the grea.t purpose for which he had selected it. · He gave the Hebrew peop1e a code of laws which has eEcite:d the adrniration of subseque.n t ages. Their civil and re-ligious regulations .are wor~.s o,f stupendous. g'm1i.us directed and guided by the ever-present God. He: ga~e thern wonderful revelations that they rnigh.t the n1ore powerfully realize the gre:atne.ss of their rnis.sion a.nd have His, presence constantly before their n1inds. The 1-lehrew na.tiou was the city seated on a 1nountain fron1 which ernanated the ce:le~S-tia.I rays: of divine ti·uth for the e!nlighten1ne:nt. of the surrounding p:agan nat.tons which s:a.t in the Hhadow of death. Even the territory God had assigned His chosen people is a striking evidence of divine providence, for Palestine lies on, the confines of Asda, Africa a,n d EU.rope, n1id:\vay betwe!e n the1powerful ernpjre!S' o.f ancient glory, and continuaHy in the view of the' great. na,t ions. of the world on a.ccount of its. exceptionally favorable l·o ca.t.ion. T'his favored p eople, , despite the ll1'any ren1iWrka,b le . evidence's of divine predilection which they had received fron1 tl1e 1Yfost. High fell awa~ ait tjmes1 fro1n their loft.y pu.rpose and were! severely punished b·y God. 'Ve read in Holy vVrit of thedr defeats jn, battle, captivities, wandering in the des·e rt, etc., a.s n1a~rks of divine anger. vVhen they suffered too keenly frmn oppress.i on on ac-count of their adherence, to I-Iis1 s,a ,c red , law, God punished their oppre·sS·O·r s·, v. g., the Elg yptians1by the plague's atld the clestructjon of the:ir a.rn1;y in the Red Se:a.. He rewa.rd:ed their c-onfidence in Hin1 by n1any tokens of lo·v e and providential catr e, v. g., by feeding them in the: desert with the n1anna which feU fron1 heaven, b~ victories over their enemies a.nd grea.t dvil prosperHy, , T·h rough the prophets sent t{) then1 on va,rioons: occasions He revealed rnore cle!a ,r ly the princi,pal rnys.teries;, the: Trinit~, the Inca.rnation, etc. He unfold,e d n1ore: particularly the nature of the l\1ess-iah, the circurnsta.nces. of His birth, life,
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THE1 VIATORIAN
dea.t h and glorious resurrection; so that at the advent of OuJ:• Lord the most unmis:t aka.ble signs had been given the Jews' by which they n1ight recognize Hiln. All these things .were. conducive to the grea,t scheme of Providence and prepaJ'ed t.lw wa.y for the cqming of ..the pro.I nised R.edeeiner; prepared . in an especial ma:nner the Hebrew people for tlie reception of · the Grea,t One who wa:s to repair the evil of AdaJ.n's fall and to atone for his sri n and those of his: posrterit~. · . The prophecies were reeeiving their fulfillment, , and: I.sr.a,e'l a,t the zenith of her spiritual destiny eagerly await'ed the fruition of her mission, the Light that ·vva:s to1 ·dis:s ipart e the dark clouds that overshadowed 1nrun rund the Sun of J ust1ee thart 'v.a:s t.o appease injur'e d Majesty by the 'int,erusity of a eonsuming arn d universal love. · But what was. the condition\ of the other na.t1o,n s,? vVhat . were they doing during this tim.e ? The promise orf a R,erdeen1e·r had not been: confined to one ra.ee. It had' · been given to aU the children of Ada:m. Hence the mission to· prepare for His con1ing had been general. The other n:a.tions, as. they departed from the cradle of the ra,ee, had well-nigh forgotten their destiny and! plunged into va;I ious kinds of polytheism. They aba1n doned their mis1sion and relinqui!shed it to the Je\VS. God had· punished them for their iniquities, but they did n10rt return to pena,nce, and finally He chose a certa,i n people and made tha,t people the sacred nartion. The faJ.~ther the other nations push-ed a1w ay from the center of the race the deeper t1h ey sank into idolatry. They w.o rshipped false gods, the sun, m.oon .allld srt:a[':s, the h:eiroes orf their raJe e who haid pas1s-erd from this' life, .aJDJdi erveln lapsed. into a groiVeling1 ada:raition orf the! work of their own hamds. Great eities sprallig up; the Orient wa.s dortt.ed with centers of tremendous commercial activity, the enlporria of the civilized world; aca!demies flouris·h ed in the Eas,t , in Greece and Italy, cul-ture and refinen1ent of a: material kind m·,a rched iTIJ tune to the music of the gods. But all these t.hings " rere sre rving their pu['pos:e in the greart plan of providence. Centuries before the Christian era, the grea1t em:pire:s of Oriental splendor and magnificence, As.s~ria .and Babylon, arnu Persia1, a1nd E:g ypt on the bol~d.ers of Africa had crumbled awa.y a,n d nothing rem~ained but the a.s.hes of their ancient prov;ress. The conquering pow·e r of the Greeks and R·m nans had graduaHy link·e d the former centers of imperial greartnes.s into one might~ chadn .which extended over the civilized
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w·o rld until ·we ·beh01h:JJ at tiheJ diaiWn otfl OhTdJsrtd.:a!n ity the R,o·m ain eagle·s sQa.r ing over the umiv~rs1e. R,o me was the world. Fro1u her seven . hills the Omsar viewed his va,st doma.i n. She 'va.s the e·ent.e·r of unity. .In h·e r was found a:ll the learning, a:ll tihe ,ye:a1lth of triumphant paganis:m. In her · saie red groiVe:S the gods of an nations were a:dorercl; yes, tjh e gods .of all nations exeerpt the God of the R ·e brews, the only true God. The ·Riomalll1SI had taken the best of everything · they fo11.1nd in trl1e countries they had subjugated; and lest the g0ds frown ou ·them, they had erected idols of the principal deities of the peoples and tribes whjcb were compelled to submit to the · Roman yoke~ · Thus was Rome the capital of paganisn1, the home of idolatry. We may now view the unfolding of God's t.r enl'endous plan of unification. T'he children who had adhered to. His law and r worshipped' Him in truth, gathered at J ~rusalen1 to ope:nJy proclarhnr His glory and n1:a1jesrty a:n d to manifest .theil~ delpendenee upon Hjm; the erring children who had ,s trayed fron1 the fold, wa,n de•dng in the gloomy receiSHes of the forest of paganis1n and · idolatry, gathered at Ro1ne to pa\f hon1age to . the fallHe gods. T1lUSI we have ~Tew and Gentile, faithful and unfa;ithful, the unity .of the spiritual in: the city of God and of the material in the city of Sart:an. Mam is pra.rtly s,p iritual and· p;a,rt1y m:a:t.erial; so wa.s the 'vorld, Jerusalen1 · and Rome. The glory of Israel avpeared', J eSUIS Ohdis t, the Savior of m.a1n kind. The Je:wisrh people received in His: birth the greate:srt pq,s sible n1:a:rk of divine fa~or. Had they not rejeet,eid Christ, they would ha1ve continued to enjoy the ,s pecial vocation they had acquired in the craill of Abrruhan1. Their 1nis.sr:ion would harve been amplified-would have been universal, not .nationa'l. They .had .pre!s erved thra t mis,S'ion for ages until the culminart.ion o·f t1h eir glory was at hand, a1n d then when the full beauty arnd ~adiainee -of I srael hald blos's omed forth and the budding.·:flowe1r was .a~borut to casrt its perfumed fra;granee over the wurld, they di.s,carded it ;-"they knmv n'ot whart they did." ' We ha,v e · s:e en how the pagan world wa.s centered in the sa.cred groves of Rorine; how the unbelierving nations in the hands O'f p~OIVidenee had been unified and brought under the sWayi of '01n e race; horw \\. .henJ the Jew'S threw atwra~ theh.. splendid heritage for a mess of potta1ge, the Gentiles., the p.a,r iahs from the Hous1e of God, eagerly 1seized it. The . prii1ce of this world looked with ill eye upon the disappeara,neel of 1
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hi:s power orver the children of men -allld elu-ng t.ena,eious:ly to the shadowy s1cepter which \v.a.s ra pid:ly .slipptng fron1 his crippled grip. He exert,ed his hercule:a;n influence to stay the progress of the ne w religion-the Kingdon1 of God on earth. As Christ had ~sea1ed the new creed wi~h His passion, so n1ust the favored people S1e1a;l their faith ill: pers,e cution, in suffe:rjng and in n1rurtyrl(lon1. The Oh:ristian spirit of s-acri:fiee waS' abundantly ni:anifest.e d in . the ea~rly da,y s of OhriHtianity; for the world, .a1v erse, then as1now, .t,o hunvility and self-denial, endea:vored to nip the fra~g·ile. flmver of Christian faith in the bud. · But the guiding ha,n d of the Supr:mne Ruler of nations and 1nen directed otherwi1s:e, .and from the blood· of martyrs, seed planted in fertile soil, sprang up the host:s1 of converts who dung so stanchly to the new faHh . The blood of s'o many of her children, shed under such va.r ied circun1sta.n ce:s, is an eloquent tribute to the divinity o.f Chris.t 's Ohurch. The infant church w.atxed vigorous and .st.r.ong and ste:adily enla:r ged the zone of its influence until the :fourth century -witnes,s.ed the eornplete triumph of Clhr'iSJtian effort when the Roman Etmperor d!eclarecl' the relig•ion of J e1sus: 011riS1t. the r eligion of the empir'e. The church was founded· in blood and a.gony, in tlLe sufferings, of the God-n1wn, and hm~ divine Author predicted tha.t her lot' was to be one of Sia~cri:fice. H e did not esta,b lish His Ohurch to be an enubodin1ent of n1arteria1l s.ple:nclor and prosperity. He told His dis1ciples1 to walk in His footsteps. He well knew th.att the grea1t virtues; He caane to inc1Ilcate, that sainct.ity of life and unive:r:s1a:l love of mankind, are .rarely associated -with re:n1:arkaihle worldly suecess. Renee it is that the Church is: not d estin€d for a eareer of unremitting temporal glory. She i·s launched for eternity, nort, for tiine, and unchecked prosp erity -leads: to pride and d eeaiy ; ~vher eas rebuff·s, a:n d sacrifice purify and leald to renewed efforts, dictated by the experienees of tria1ls: eneountered. \V e may eonfident,l y assert that: the exeellenb amd certainly indis:pensahle Christian virtue of htunilit'y thrive1s only under the shadow of adversity. It is a flower t'hat does: not flou•r ish in rich S1D1il. T~1e sulliles and ca;reiSIS!€181 of temporal ,s u·ccess, a1 s we o>I~in.a1rily us·e the expression, only contribute to its ruin. The grio ss 1nateriaJisn1 and pa,g a1njJs1n, which had domina~ted the R.mnan ~';oriel before the Chur.eh ga1 i ned the aseendaney, had been ea,t ing att the vitals of the ra~ce and hald sapped
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the energy. and .S/tr'eng,-tlh 01f. the eUJltulr !e d peoples of Europe and Asia.. Southe:rn and Central E!lrrope wa1s in a horrible: condition; decay was apparent everyw'here. Oons1equently when the vigorous tribes of barba:rians, the s.avag!e hordes1 of Goths and V.aridals, made their descent upon the ancient citie1s of Roman po·w er and splendor, they enoountered very weak opposition. They swept over Elurope, oblite1~a1ting the nlonu·ments of eivllizrution and \Vreaking untold ha1v oc throughout ·_the empire. The frightful de'Struction and deso.Iation Vi~ r.ought by thes1e wi,ldJ fierce so1die· rs~ of florrtullle ea1r~eied in the:i r til'ain the extirpat-ion of s.eart:.s of lea,r ning a.n d ,religion and the c.ons<equent decadence of knowledge. and faith in ma.ny parts of the c'Ontinent. 'T he Rioimlan po1n tiffs aDJdl the bisih vps1 vvre1srt:.led he:roicaHy with the g1jant forces1of destruetion, whi'eh we-re end:e:a:voring t:o tea,r down the. fair -e difice of faith ailld Ohri.s:tiau eu1ture but inadetqua:t e,l y were it not for the providential a,s:s:isrta.nce rendered a,t this crucial pe:riod by bands of n1issionaries and s.c'botl a;r s who enierged: from their ivy-covereJd: ahbey:s and secluded schoo:l s in a little island of the West.. Tfhe,slel holy arnd scholarly 1nis.siona1ries caane to the: re·s cue of stricken EiUrope and poured upon the bleeding mJan-gleld continent, the liferestoring balm: which only ai short thne before E)lropei had
afforded her. But hovv come1s1 it that Ireland was in position to suc-eoct.. Eturope: in he·r dist.r esiSI wnd' to send the rich blood of life coursing through he1r withered veins? EJ:i n lay frur to the we1st, ma!ny leagues' a1w ay from the g1reat center of Ohrist.ian life a1n d unit.y, lay not in the bea,t en patth of the hardy n1ariners. who . brawed-' the daillger:st of the de1ep to carry the cross:, sy1nbol of i1nan's1 redemption, t01 the erring children o-f Ada1111. She had slight co1n1nunication \v:ith Europe and had careei··e d through time without her ws:s,i stance. Th€! pro·v idence of God / is a, wonderful thing1 and: His designs a~~e. often ins.cruta:ble. T'he srttal" of hope horvm~ed: orver E~t"in when the Hati nteCL Pa.t,r ick mnbarked on his1V03'a,g:e cwsting, its. brilliant light on the sturdy people who were aib out to receive the glad tiding,s of great joy. Patrick landed in Ireland in 432, ain d· the1re without the shedding of n1arty-r-blood in a virgin soil which has prv·v ed so rich and productive were impla,n t,ed; the se~edsi of Christian life. Tl1e conver sion of a1n e·n tire people without the shedding of hu1nan blood is UJ marvel hitherto and since unrecorded 1n historic annals. 1
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vVhat expla~na~ti.)n ha.v e we to offer for the unprecedented conversion of· a nation acconitplished· 'vithout. the spilling of human blood'? T'h e eaLrly hist.ory of the Irish rae~ affords a very na,t.ura1l expla1n ation. .. It n1ay be ascribed to the high order of civilization, the adherence t•\:)o ideq,l s and traditions unadult.era.t ed by R·6 ma.n or ba1rha;r ian dross•, which prevailed in EJ:'in ~or centurie1s prior to the advent of the a1nbass.ador of Ohri!S•t. T1rue, the Irish slh.aired' in the universal miseries., intellectual as w·e ll a,s morrul, which Adam~ bequeathed to his posterity; brut 'de1sp1ite the er1ror which was inteTwoveu in the fabric of I;ri.sh life, much of the. pure g-old of et.ernal truth and mor~.lity had been pas1s-ed down fr 0iJll· genera1tion to gener.artion as a s.aic red heritage. As a consequence the faith ·which Partrick preruched, was n.ort a: complete amd tort.al uprooting of old practices and beliefs. Ofhrisrtianity 'vas rather a complement, a1s well a.s a1correction, {)·f m.allly ancient beliefs and pra.ctices. This condition of a~ffwirs is; a,n other striking evidence of the providence o.f God in regard' to those to whom . He is to confide aJ mig,hty 1nissi0·n. As. the Lord had preserved the J e:w ish raice from the contaminating influences of pagantsni that it might the better aceomplislh His great design; so had D-ivine Wisdom .s haped event's that the Irish. people should cling to their coailpair a,t.ively pure ·traditions a1n d habits· free from the enervating and corrupting pra.etices~ of .European life. When the ba1rbaria,n s had swept avira~ in their destructive ma;rch the m0numents of learning which ca.r eful hands had erected, all eyes turned to Ire1and~ a,s. the beacon-light which should illumine the c-ontinent in the depressing darkness which ensued. The mi·SlSi ona;r ies and s-cho,l ars of Ireland poured! into the continental countrie1s ca;r rying far a.na: " ride the la,l np of knowledge, the sea.rchlig,ht o.f faHh-, which recalled Europe to the gifts of the Mos.t High and: which brought ahout the eonve~'Siion of the s1a;vage hordes a.n d their civilization, their subm·i ssion to the Vicar of Christ who' sart . upon the throne of Peter, and peace and concord to the nations . The Irish are .s oldiers a!ll:d alwa.y s have been, not o.f the sword however, but of the cros1s, the divine emblem of salvation. The lrjsh prior to the:ir conversion had very little int.erevurse with the peoples of E:u rope and seemed satisfied· with their own green isla.ncl. But from, the mD,m ent tha1t the sun of faith rose over her, shedding· its burning rays upon her children, they 1
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we:r e ·quickened with aTh ardent and' ' ferverit love, a.:hd the Irish, monk:s and schov,l men seemed to reaHze their g-lorious :mlissiolll aJnd eag:erly sought opportunities of spreading. themselves over the vV'orld and of carrying fq.:i th and knowledge far and wide. Tihey saw in transpo:rt ne:w worlds to be conqil·e red, .n ot untl) the military glory of their ra,ce, but unto the glory of Christian faith. They 'boldly pern etrated the n1ost distant countries to COTilba,t pa~an.iSm' and DO crush infidelity and heresy. The princip<a1l glory of the Irish pe01)1e must be sought in their miraculous fidelity and zeal for the saNing doctrine ent,r usted tv~ their progenitors by the · holy Patrick. This ·fa1ct is plain that of all Euro:pe, of the then civilized world, one nation ailone preseTVed the faith of Ohris't in its purity and inteig rity. · 'l"11is fact ought to appea1l t.o us mos:t powerfully and eloquent ly; for there is uo sight which should touch us more than to ohs,e rve the greatest of aH worlds-the world of hurna.n s:o ul,s --in. the beauty and order of itsr only true de:p endenee upon the Source of aH things. Could anything indic:art e more clearly tha:t the general miss1ion confided to the Gentiles upon the defection of the Jews1 had been particula;d zed and; transferred e:s pe1ciaHy to the people of Ireland. When the E:t erna,l Farther peered into the future and sa~. the vision of countless individual,s:, of nun1·e1 r ous na,t iv,ns, a,ct ing tihei1~ little p.arls on the v:aJsti struge of life, He d etermined to r ewmrd the unswerving fidelity of this people to His Holy Word and their uncompromising loyail ty to the Chair vf His authority. He d etermined to commit to thei,r' charge the precious mission form,e rly given to the Hebre'v people and to make them Hi!S chosen pe.)ple. T'his: mission, entrusted to the Irish, is more glo~rious and: far gra.n der th.an that of the J ews. The J ew,s were to prepa re for the advent of the! greart monarch of eternity; the Irish are paLrtakers of the eternal Kingdm:n H·e established and are to spre1a d it to the eonfines of the erurth ; the Jewish mis1sion wa,s one of prophecy and figure; the Irish, one of fulfillm.e nt a~nd' reality. God ha,s. placed the Iri,sh race aloft on a pinna1cle of emine,n ce that it might glow a1s a · bright and burning light for th.e wea;r y pass,e nger:s who cross t:he t~oubledl s1e a of life. · For centuries the Iris1h monks and s,c hola,r s continued tv instruct and enlighten Europe. Their. services were eagerly sought by the mosrt distingutshed prin.ees, and their ripe scholarship received the recognition of the master-mln<IH or
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their time. I might mention just a,s an instance, the este:mn a1n d re:spect in which the Irish schooln1en invited to the· Court ·o f Charlemagne were held by the gTeat empe:r or himself. But not only did' they migrate into foreign regions · to ilnpa,r t kntYwledgJe, and thart profrune a 1s well a:s sa:~red, but they n1aintained grewt monast,eries a,nd flourishing s~chools, at ho1ne., 'vhich eonstantly received considerable additions, of n1oriks. and s:choolmem from Eiu rope, hrorught thither by the reputati·o n U!cquired by the Irish scholars. These seho0huen devoted then11selves a.s siduously to aill the sciences then held in estemn, priding then1selve1S patrticul.wrly on their knowledge and love for the · great clasJSical treasures of a;nci·e nt Greece ancl R.onle. Montalembert, the en1inent French schola:r of the las·t eenturJ', in his justly celebrated "Monks of the vVe:st," informs us tha,t Ireland not long aft<er its eonvers·i on 'vas dotted with abbeys and academies and tha,t single monasteries conta1ined not less than three thous~and religious1, ·men or women. ~Phis marvelous state of affairs evinces the deep devotion and piety of the people, a.s well a!S their ze:a,l fo~ the spread of lea.rning. Princes entered 1nonasterie" and daughters of chieftains enrolled themselves amongst the consecrated virgin~ of Christ. D'Uring the centuries Which ela,p sed fro~m the revival of lea,r ning in Europe to the Protesrtant Reforn1ation, the Continent was torn by here:&ies and schisn1s as. numerous, as tho,se which rent the. Church in the da.y s of its infancy. Sca.r cely a country of any p0pulation was free frmn the pernicious. influences of thes:e religious uphea;vals and dissensions except Ireland. The faith delivered as a s.a!cred trust to the Irish by Patrick had been re,t ained without the slightest adnl'ixture of error. Ireland had never wavered in her fide1ity to the Bishops of Rmne, and whe1n the terrible hurricane of r eligi,ous revo·lution broke in tJ1e 16th century a1n d s.wept (Wer Europe din1n1ing1 the lus,t re of faith in n1.an~ plaee!S an the continent, if not extin.gtu ishing iti, Elrin s11v1Jl'e ·with s< Oilita:r y brillian.ee a1s' r e·ligion'SI untar~ nisihed srt:ar ini the :Stau:ct'ualr y of the impe,r isih ahle . Church. Is not this fact; tih~t of an the naition.s orf En rope, Ireland i.s the only eoun:t.ry that n ever p e:nnitted heresy or schismJ to cT'o:s.s: h er t1hrte1s hold srtrongi evidence tha,t providence: had a; special mis1siorn: for the Irjslh.? Tha,t sa:c rifice with which Ghristia.n ity commenced in the bloody hnn1olation of Oalva,r y has ehail"acterized every great Catholic nation. Sacrifice is of the Christian concep·t io·n of
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T'IIE 'VIATORIAN religion., and humiliation and suffering· have .ma·r ked t"he cours~e of these nations. Irela:nd has horne out her 1nis.sion ·of the speci~~ly elected Christian nation. "She received her baptism ot w~t,~ter from /' Patrick, her bapUsn1 · of blood · fro1n the Danes, , a.uq. her baptism of fire frmn the E:ng~lish." T'lte warter of baptisn1 regenerated her in Christ; blood consecrated her to a ca;reer of m:a rtyrdom a.nd: suffering for his s:a.ke:, and fire tried her and purified' her foT the gre1a1t m·i s1s ion H:e had res'e'rved for her, Des•pite t.he wa.rfa.re of three hundred yea,rs. with the Danes U,u.ring which m•vna.ste,r ies a.nd s~ chools were h~veled to: the gro·u:qd, monks a_,n d scholars offered· up· as holocausts to the fu-riouS~ savage'r y of the· N ol'lsemen and the country converted into -~ d.e solate wildern€1SS1, not one il1Jstance of n.ortable defe·ctio.n f:r·om: the ·Patric:ine fruith is olll reeo['ld. These were, indeed, eent11ries ·o f s.e vere t:ria:l a.r1d: yet ce:nturies1of Christia1n _glory for Ire1land. She '''\~Vhos~e
blood, like sacrificing Abel's. cries Even fron1 the tongueless· caverns o;f t.h e earth * * * :* ·for justice and rough · chwstis~en1ent.,''
on the rut]lless invaders-. who destroyed her peace:, desolated her fair bea,u ty and butcher:e d her children, ne:ve·r 'va~ered in her cons.tad1cy and devot.ion to the sa,c red· representative of God on erurth. Dreadful as the Danish wars were, ·and deplorable as the condition of Ireland was in' conseque:nee of them, they were only a prrelude to the terrible storm which was ho;yering over her. From tihe reign · of H·e nry VIII a.lmost down to the . NineteentQ. ce1ntury an the poweoo of human maJignity and bigotry have been in · ope~ation end·ea;voring to crush out al1 tha.t was fair and bea,utiful in Irela.nd. The pers·e cution of the Irish for their Catholic faith under E:liza:beth iSI . one vf the ma,n y black spots on the chal'act.e;r of this fiendish queen. The devilish ingellluity with which the horrihle mandates of this merciless woman were carried out is1appalling. The coldblooded and heartJ:e ss -s~~st.em of extermination pursued. by her was a,s cruel and as ruthless. as thos1e of Nero and D0nlitian. Eidmund Spencer, the poet, con1missi·o ned by E:l iza beth to repo:rt upon the results of her ·policy, in reg.ail·d· to the Irish writes: , HEr~ one year a.nd 81 half had passed' they were brought to such wretchedness as would move even a heart of st0ne. Out
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of th'e · w·bio ds · a.nd g·lei:ts :they came ere.e ping
forth ··o n their hands, ·for tl:teir "legs· could · not- bea1:.: ·the·ru · thev
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.l·Ooked · like ·skeletonS; the:f' ·spoke-.: like ghosts, . cryiil.g ' 0Ut of their' ·graves." ·This1is: t~e ·work' of on.:e who~m · so1n~e ·Christ.ia,n s caill "Gdofd Queen : B~s~1P' :How \V:oo~d,s t<Ysie their s.ignifi.c:alnce ·when· distorted, · and :perverted from ·their· :no1'mal · sens!e ! T1he StuaJrt.s ;were little ·bette;r · thairr ·th'e Ttid'\)l:'s.. · J .a mes. ·I ·ca.rried 'i nto ~rfect th~ c'o lonization o.f 'larg;e ·stretches ·of terri't ory by E!n glish. ·and Sc:ot.ch a:dve:ntnrers cotrin1eneed, by Elizabetp_ ·a fter she had robbed the Iris!h p~rinc'es and chiefs,·of their pat:rhnonies.:' The ·Iritsh ·had been· deprived .of au ·'civil, . politi-c al and r'e.ligio,us rights by the · Tud·o,r siand : priesrt.~hu.nting· had become· a1 fatvorite· pa.rg,tim·e ivith the ·0p:rkess6'r'Sr df Ireiand. · vVho' ~~n reca;ll the dreadf\11 SIC.eine:s oi carnage ;ain d ra,p ine which ·at.t,e nden .; 'tlle! . Clron:UrWclHaln inrva1sidn. . . The . inhuman monster butchered whole cities:, like Dr;vg'hed~t an:d vVexford. The des,c ription ifr Burke?s or,a tiou on the , Naho·b of · Arcot's Debts of. the destTuction wrou~ht by Hyder Alia,n d his saiVa,g e horde in theh~ .d:esce1Ut1J. upon: ,the -Oarnla tic ,inJ 1780 will give .a vivid picture of the terrors of this invasion and vne might easily conceive it as written to,:des!c:r ibe Orom.w eiPs' visit. '(Then ensued . a, . Slcen'e of. WOe}· the like of "rhfch n:q: eye had seen, no hea,r t c6nced~ved' andi ·which no tongu·e Cia:n: ade'q uately tell. All the horrors of wa.r bef•J ·r e known or hea.rd of were ' mercy" to that new · havoc.- , A storm of universal fire blasted evm·y field, consumed every homs,e, · desrtroyeid eve1ry· temple'. The ·1niserable inhabit~tnts, flying from th-eir flan1ing· ; villa,ges, in part were ·slaughter·e d; dtners, ·'without rega.r d to sex, to ag'€, to ·respect' of rank , or s~a .credil;ess, ·of functh)n ; · fathers; · torn. from chifdren, husbmd..ds' from wives, e:nveloped in a1whirhvind ·of caiVall ry; :a nd, amidJ tlie g,daidiing ' ;s pears of driver1S1 and the tra,mpling O.f hc)il~ses, 'Were '·s"rept· into ·cap,t ivity ' in an unknown .arid hostile 'la.nd. · Thoge ·who· were able to evade·this. ·tempe1s.t fled to the ' 'waU'e d cities, but; · escra ,pin;g fl\')m -:fire, sword· and ·exile, they fell into the ja(ws of' famin€." 'Thi!s' pa:s.ffa,g-e does not p·r esent an overd~aiwn p-icture of the condition of Irela.nd at' this time; tiut · o.n~e that · isr literaNy" t,rue'. Neatrly half the population was :destroyed ·; many thousra nd:s ' we~e so.ld into cap'tivity; ' thous,a nd:s esc:afJ!ed by ·emigl."ruting; ,i).erse.c uti0n of the e1ergJ1 wa1s renew'ed! with redoubled: vigor; aH tib.-e pl''OP'ert.y ·of·' the Irish wa;s ·c un.fts·e a,t ed arid the har,r en; ·:bleak prorvince of Connought was a;sisig11ed-thenn tl.is .a residence. '
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.··A fter ·. the restoration · of :the· Stuair't dynasty ·pet"is-ecutiiOri continued -w-ith a' slight· 'intermis's ioil :during.' the short reign of JaJnes I I. William: III· pursued 'the he~rrtletS'SI policy inaugura;t ed by· the ;· Tudo1~s; He · violated mos,t ' shamefully · the siolemn ·'treaty- •SigJh:edi ufpon ·the SUi'Tendte r ·Olf ' -Ltin'leir ick, by the terms· of which he proTitisted liberty of' consrci:ence. · !Prie:s,t s were ·hunted diown· like \vild · a;nima~ls; ·a :n d a third · great con~ ·:tis-c ation ' -of landr ·and · ~:Olol}iza.tion '\vas inflicted upbn 't he unfortun'arte inhabitants~ ··D·u t;c h · and -German ~ Pr·oif.ets tantsi being int~rodueed into · the· is:lamd.- ·as 'p roprieto rs o·f the ·stolen la,iid. Tile· pe·i ial la:w:s · we'r e enfd,l'c:e d with unahated ' 'vigdr bj', the·" House ' of' Brunswick until, fearing ru SUCC€1SIS:fu1 upris.ing in Iveland· ' ducrjmrg · the Arri,e ri e:wn . ··rerv01l utioili; : th:e~ wer·e . s:oonte whalt ; ,. -r etkrocedl · torw.rur!ds , ttJi:ef' · clo1s,e:· ·of the eightee·n:th century. The· ·catholic E'Inan;cip.a.t io·n Bill; · advocated .so· powerfully · by O''Connell -,and P·a.Sts'ed hi 1829, did . aw.a y with ifuany "of the ii:i,fiubl.al:tl restrictions upo:ti the Iris:h Oarthoaies. · E id m1undJ Bu,r k·e ·e hair act:e rizesl the penaJ · ia.v;r;s. of Ireland ·a.s ·"a ·nrachin:~ e of wis€l ·and · el.ahoraite : contrivance, a.n d as · well fitted for the ·oppresis ion, imJiovetishilient ··a ,:rid deg1i"ada: tion of a·pre ople' aJild the deba.s,errierit- in -them: of human nature its-elf, as ever proceeded -from the ·perverted ingenhity .o f 1nen.'' These infa.n'lous .fatrc.els of law cair ried in their t\rake' numerous f.a.min.e.s which tsrwept the pe~oph~\)ff in tnultitudes · when apos-tasy 'inea,n t hea:ltb: and ph~~nt.y. The Irish a.re' ta:tinted with ig;nora:nce ' when educart.iori wa.~ prohibited ' u·r ider th-e serve.i"e,s.t penalties. a::nd the .siUspicio:ri' of . lea:l;'ll!ing was. a . erime; with improvidence and indolence when the land: of their' fathers wa;s stolen and: given' orve!l,. to · adventure1r:s.- a.nd the nait.ives left to die · of starvation; ·with pillarginig when tihey · were de.· priyed b(Y vio.Je.nc:e of their most SJa.c red rigihts: and. nf pr0pe: r~ty which 'vats theirS! · by -a1H ·law exeeprtJ Elniglis'h·, witil'violelllce· when the whole eountr~ watSI ·throrwn\ 'intor trurm:oril··and chaos· by o;p~ preSHiOil! atnd ' huteh'ery~ Theste ' a.r e addit.iorna1 ' results of the penal code, which is the d:alfkest sta~n in 'the pa:g es of histbtry. We can sum up :Irish hi:srtvry in·a few ·wo-rdS!. · It fs. a m.etan~ choly chroniele of ·murder and' ·rapine, of-tr•avesrtied justice, -of foulest oppresis.ron · atnldJ ()If · i:p.t,Oilerant ' ·bi.gortry. H'eir ·govei·nInent is the ·repitoni·e o1f rull · tharb · is.· haltte futl ; maligna,n t 'allld despicahle · in· sta:~t;esmarnship. · Yertl · despite syste:m..a:tized ~ inj us:tice a.nd intolerance, th:e di·v ine ·light of Clhrist~iaiDJ falith 'btrttns ·a.,s ardently.and: als briglhtly .as w;he:tr the( holy PatJI'"ick enkindled 1
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the flam.e and s:e t it up as a1 glowing tvrcih to the nations. TlruJ.y calllJ w'e with her own poelij, Aubrey D1e V ere, saw- : "A cros.s rund not a wrea~th, w.aJs pla/c:e~d' on thy br0.w ." We ma;y well asik what eorunt.ry has withstood her over· whelming burden of oppression and preserved its1 faith in all its pristine purityJ a!ndJ beatuty? Germany . and/ the Scal!1dinavian eoruntries laps1e d· and fell in the Lutheran revolution; E\nglmnd and' vV.aJes weakly gaiVe up tbe faith in compliance with the cvm1nand of a sha,m eles:s and brutal king and his debauched and tyra;hJnica'l daughter; France abandoned aU religion in the: terrible carta.e lys.m of 1789 ; Italy, S.pa.in and Portugal have suffered, amd suffer keenly toda.y, from· anti .. elericalism and rank infidelity; Scotland! vacillated and fell iDJ Oalvinj:stm .rundJ KmJIX1smi; R:ussiaJ andJ Gree1ce haid· long sinee rejected the suprem.a.~cy 01f the Rotna.n Pontiff and established a: jurisdiction independent of Rome. One: eountry, however, . held her:slel'f all oof fr·o mJ tlhe prevariling heres1e'S: and schisms~, the la:n d of P.artirick. When the R.ef<wmartiolli pa.s sed oveT Europe wjth its death-dealing blows to the established' creed,. whence a.ga:ill! cHane the missionaries and' s·c hoolmen to heal the wounds of E:u rope? ~fany, very many caJne fron1! E:r in,. expatriated on aceorunt vf the penal larws and forced to s1eek the educatiorn, abroad which would equip them for the vocation Godi hadJ given th'em1. These holy missionaries:, trained in the s.en1dnarries1 tha~t· still taJUght the faith in · GeTirtany, France, Spain a.ndJ Italy worked, zealous·l y to st.e1n the tide. of irreligion a,n d. infidelity which foll.:>wed in. the tra,i n of the Reformation. · Horwever one of the most striking and convincing proofs of t.b e vocation of the Irish ra:ce· is to be found in the work vf the 1rish priesrts and missionaries in the new continents, America and Aus~tralia and in the lands of the infidel, orf thebenighted pagan of Asiru a·nd Africa. It. is here th.a,t we may · see the woll"king: of divine . providence in the conquest of Ireland by Elng,land. To borro'w once n1ore frmn the rich phil-. osophy of E!dmund: Burke: ."Some s,tates~ at the very mom.e nt when they seem plunged in ti'n fathomahle abysses: of dis:gra:ee· a,n d disais ter ha1v e suddenly emer~ed, they have begun a.nd opened .a . new reckoni~g, · and e:ve.n in the depths1 of their · cwla:mity, and! orii tJ;le very ruins· of their country, have laid the foundations of a to~weririg a;n d du:raihle greatness'. " O.f nv country can this be sa:id ,with more truth or with moTe justice-
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than · of Ir,e land. · Whem the spleudor·s of · Ta.ra?s hillK and- the gloTies O·f Br:La~ni B'oruJ h:aidl dis;arp~pealr:eJd! in the twilight of Irish history._ the Irish ''opened · a new reckoning." On · tbe very . ruins of the ·m aterial graud eur of th eir· nation, ·they "'laid: the · foundations- of a: towering and d urahle greatne-ss·, " the ·grelfrrt.ne1s.s of ·the missionary- naHoni par -excellence which should eneirde t.he ·gloibe· in quest of sr0uls: to ' be ' c0nquered Uin~a Ohris1 t ; n61t that they di~di not fulfill the mis:sio·n of a. :s a1cred a.nd specially elec-ted' people in tihe days. of their tmnpt(}ra:l glory, but that they · conrs·ecrat.ed. thean.selves; exc1usively to the n1agnificent work ·o f salva.tioll! in the. days of declining temporal glory. Ireland must needs· suffer -to refine and purify herself .for her great caning, .a nd E.n glish tyra.nny .a nd injustie~ S€!€'111S to be the inst.rume!n t of affi.ictiorn. Pe1rse:c ution: has be1e n the purifying agent which has; hrea,thed. · a1 fuller Christian life n1oulding the Irish people in moral beauty and power. God's judgment searclies out and· rends. asui1der ther s~t.rongest things, whose .s trength Hr not divine; but those thing~s. which rely on the divine ·re:ceive a doubled power. HilS blessing is ·not im,. pa. rt~e-d to- the proud and ambitious., but to the llleek and suf· fering:· The · suffering unde~rgone by ' the Irish l~ace: and the pers'e cution e:ndured have bee:n ··s:ou.rces of' its true. greatness; ;for· pe:r s.ecution haiS been .a po~we1rful and' effica,c ious incentive for expan:s:tonJ :slo neee1ssary for , .al' ra·~ c' el destd.ned t.o 'c:axry the cross .a.roun:d! the world. - More .s;t.riking is. the finger of G~od s~een when we realize thaJt for centuries Britain ha~s· been the predo·m ina.nt m-ilitary and eomnt.ercial na~t.ion of the globe. A.s Rome , extended her' swa~ over ' ·the wodd' at the ·birth · of Christianity; so E.nglandi ''~a.sr destined to1 be ·foremos-t in Sierttling the nerw hea.nisphe:re and the mighty isla,n d of the _Pacific and: of penetrat.i ng into the · dark ·aJn d' gloomy. recesses. of Africa. / 'The material has a:~lwa.yS' gone hand· in h.a.nd wit.h the spirituaJ. · As R.ome ty:pifield t:he world ·at the oomrnenc~~m,ent of the Ohri.srtian era ·a nd! J e:r usalmn, the city 01f 'God;· so now E1n gland embodies the mat.eria1l · and Ireland the s,pirituaL Wherever the Br-itish soldier; SiWO~d in hand~ ' ha~s earried or is · carrying the-· civiliz9Jtion of the ·world, t;fi,e Irish so:ld,ier, th-e · cros.s on · his · breaisrt, haJs brought ·otr is1 bringring the pJUir e civilization o·f the Savidr. As the British flag· fiies1 f.r!O·m the mountain t~ops of every quar·te.r of the 'glob-e, likewise .as a cous!e quence' the emble•ni of Ohristian rede:mpt;ion, the cross; ·of I
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Ghrist, is. p~H)nt.~<;l . ~ . a ,si,g,TIJ o.f the uniOJn .Qf e~,rth ~nd h~-y_en. T'he , Irisl;l coHBg~s in : , S.pa~n, . Be~gium, ; Ff~n~~ ~ud, ,Italy are ~ending .t.h,eir sons forth throu!gh the na.tions to do. the ·m is,siQ·nary work, s·o ehara,c :teristic of the .raee. The colleges in ·Erill,i luu:ve been . and aire sending their alumni to.. pread.1 ..the gospel . in .AmerieUJ . a:nd AusrtraUa1. and into .the pa.gan ;r~gi,ons of the far Ea,st. .Her sons .c ompose the. p.ierarchies: .of A,m·e~~c~ and AUJsi:Jr;;Llia, H·e r: ·prier$rts .,a;re fptllowing the cm;nmand . o.f their model "h)ve yorur enemi~," . aud wonderful t,o, relat~, . ~,re :doing .the WO!:(k, of .Chdst in the ver:y heart 'of wor Idly ·' Eng- ' land. Ireland represents the spiritual life, the. civUiza,t ion of the Crucified R:e deemer; .Einglamd iJS. a: fair type orf materialism, the civilization of the world. . ·As the spiritual .fa,r excels , the material, it must event:ually triUJillph.; Thijlt .is . why the En.glish who settle in Ireland arr~e asisimila,W and .ultimately, are s"rallowed up, in great nu.mbers. l;>y th~ . lrish ra,ce, arid become as the f~miliar phrase hrus it ''more . Irish .than the Irish ;" whereas th·e · Irish who se~ a ho1ne in E1ng.land retain their habits and raci.atl chara:ete;ri1s ties ain d fvrm a distinct and p:eeulia.r cla,ss in the great Etn glish nation.. The highe'r and! _n obler civilizartion will inevitably predom.inate; for gui·ded by .the eternal rules of truth a,nid morality, a people po,ss~essing this higher , life is reso~lved: to~ . risk its1 very existence to mainta,i n the just and holy o'bj.e cts to which it. is consecralted. . It has a.n infinite advantage · _ove.r a ·peop1e whieh is disposed to yield when interest an,d ·prei:?;e nt success dictate such a . course. . The E:nglish nationis chained to Time and its ambition is placed in the suceess of 'earthly projects; the Irish nation hope's ·in -E ternity, and will suffer any temporal losrs ra,t her than sa:crifice the pearl of?. i;rnmense price, the happines;s of eternal life. · When the hirelings of Ein gland's. power drove forth from their _P,umhle cabins rund l'Owly hurts the widow a.nd the orphan, the aged and enfeebled, and dep·rived: them. of their earthly, pos:sess.i ons, they wel'le unable to wrest from them their most precious passe:s sion; the fai_th of their fathers. A SIJS.tem whioh has had m.ight to susta'i11 it and time to es,talbUsh it eert3JinJy has no right to be. ·pretentious w'h en it failis dismally in its purpose. . W·i th. D1r-:. .Blrorwn:so[lJ we cam . say . that "tilie severest comment on' Anglo-N orm:an civi~izatioTh is: .simply to name the Irish people,'' . which hrus suceeSISifully defied the sys~em· of England, concerived in tyranny and: brutality, .sustained: by
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the PO!W\<tr of . B.rit.ain, f·0 r .centuries, the~;reb& · ! P•rovi:ag ·t:(}l '·t lte worl;d, t)}.~.:inferiority - of. the ' civilizattiO!Il: ' of·~tihe : w;orld amd ·. the superiority. of ru eivilizartion which\ has; ; foreed it to· y~ieJft. : Ir:eland .s·till . ,pos.sesS~es her splendid heritage· of·:faiith..· in: the vecy midst Qf tP,e : ma~gnifieence and ·evHSJ ,of· modern ,eivilizat.hJn 'and Anglo~-Sa~0;n ~ ;sup~ema1cy. · S:he -ha:si .reta;i ned a -purity - b.f man.net'S, .which·.:~o :eolnqu~:r.o~ ea,n ..derp rive ·her o.f(; which no: orthe;r force can equal or.Jes:sen. ,, , .. : · · '· ~ - · · · ·' Before con:ehidin~f Jert me rep:e at ·t.ha.t · Irel:a;iia's grea,t est and ·o nly glory fo,r the lasrt nine olr · ten ceilt.urie,s 'h.a,st · b~e1t her phen01nena:l atdherence to ·the Oatholic· faith ~nd her untiring zea:I ·in. carrying its· holy ·doctrines to th'e na.t ions.' ~!oral heroisn1 is the only ·ela.i m ·the Irisih · histo;rian n1ay advance ' for his people~ ·Blurt itJ i's t.he ·g11':andtest clati m tha,t a: Il:art;i on 1p.ay put forth. l\1ilitary rerr6wn and e0m·m,e:r 'c ial pros;p,e rity ai're soon forg0rti:en allld lost in the misrt,s of time. ThEW lead ~ orily · to inevitable d~' cay an(l. dis-soluti9n.. T1te moral ·he;roisn1 of a; ratce lead:si up~va~d ant~i o;nrw.a;r:d:. ,. GOid reptUes to a: nnt~on?s - . C'Oillisrtatn cy a•n d devotion 'vith a g1rande[' pron11ise of g1reater thing;s1than theJ fleeting riches otf earth; He promis1es: her the trea•s urest o.f eternity, the iinperishable glories of the heavenly court and the i ne.ffa 'Ql~ joy . o1f th.e· Beatific _·visiom. -rrer ·n.aine . and h€n~ . ile:e ds nuiy not he ims:c ribed. at great length in thet pages• o.f profane hi,s tory; .but th(ty ~are 'Yr.i~t en jn c:haractersi of rjeh.est .go!l d in · the gre:a.t Book of the Recording Angel. · Although nort receiviilg its proper recognitiorn in the arn na,l s, of historians _or .,per~ haps es.c.aping the,i r ·serutiny, the in.tluence -o f' Ir'ela,nd· upon the world ca,nnot be Ineasur'ed by men; for it is beyond . hunl!an ea.lcula.tion. · Georg'e Elliot expres.ses this thought ·very ".appr;Jpria.tely in a.n observation in "l\1jddlema:.r ch :" · ·"Fo•r the growing good ef the vvorld · Is prrrtly dependent on un:h i:s.toric·, a:ct:s; and that things a,r e not so ill · with you and' m;e as they mjg.ht have been, i~ half owing t0 the nun1ber who 'lived: faithfully a hidden life and res.t in unvisited tombs." · · C:onipal"·e Ireland's history with that of. tile. oili·e r ·lltations and obs:e,r ve ho1w resplend.:entl~ 'her divi~ne . _·m.iss.ion · isJ1~nes~ forth. ·" whom the Lord loveth, He ·cha!~ti,seth.''· . God has tried His people in fire and 'blood and' ~~~y ha~e conie out of t.he ordeal purified and ~trei~gt-he~ed for· _His' work. . May _the Irish people ~n the era, of teri1por(i1 peace and p-rosp~::dty w4ich seem.s to ·be ' daw:Qing upon them be mindfu'I ' of their glorio;u s n1iss'iori 'aoo not obseU:re its unsullied brilliance by a,c ts i.ncon1
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sistent with and .unw\}rthy of such an illustrious past. Let not the Irish boa1st of the g'lories of by-gone yea1rs and bask in . the splendor of their moral heroes'; lQt them· not rely entirely on their n1agnificent lineage, and' dwell in the n1onaste,ries. a;nd aeademie1s of ancient E'rin or in the. s:h adow ·.of the great medie'va,l abbeys. But let then1 show the 'vvrld! that they are "\vorthy of the nohle pr·oce,s sion of 1sain:ts 3Jnd s.eho,lars, 1nonks and heroes 'vho have c-oursed· through tihe ages to the undying glory of their race. Let them live in accord with .their in,is,s ion by co,n tinuing the w•o rk their raee has done in the past, thereby sheddi'ng add'itiona1l lustre on the Irish name. I cai1 find: no woTd.s more appropriate, n1ore. fitting to conclude this artiele thalnJ thos~e . wlh:~ch . introdueed it. T'h e words of th~,t quota1tion are: .p regnant with · ni.ea,n ing· when a:pp.Jied to ·the IriSJh 1nis:sion 3Jnd: I tru.s.t their s-ignificance has been 1nade clea1rer: "Child of protecting· Ron1e, wert thou liro t heir'? . · ·' Stan1p I1Dt. thy records' lineal o~rigin?''
StPp/un Edward
Mc~1ahon.
CHA.RLES .J. KICK HAM ·HE literature of tthe nineteenth century w.a1s ushered .·• . in with 1nuch intellectu:a:l a1ctivity and was nntatb ly · fe:rtile :f.o,r · its spirit of ~e1search, freed·om a.nd a certalin '==~==== · '.;;;:~:!! eagerness to unravel all 1nyste,r ies or -la1y .aside what h u1nan reais on . eould' not readily el ueidarte. 'rhe artificial res-traint of the preeeding• century was ignored and: "poetry soug'ht inspiration in the freedon1 _of na,t11re." T:h e Lyrical Ba.llad.s of '\¥ortdSJworth and Ooleridge were the firs,.~ t~o inaugurate this inovettll·e nt and were' quickly foUowed by Byron, Shelley, 'Keat1s, :Moore and Oamipbell. E'Ve:r y lo:ver o,f litera-ture ha,s 'b een cha;r1ned by the delightful lyrics of Shelley and Ke.arts; while the gra~e a.nd:. natural beauty of vVordsworth have beeome fa1Jnous thr,oug'horut many lands. . Yet there lived at tl.l is pericd one "~ho1s! e n1u~e soall'ed the heights' of Parna~sus,
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227 VIA TORIAN and whosre genius reveled in the beaiUties -of na~ture'.s charn1s. as nl:tlin ifels,ted ill! · her Inountains., vaHeys, · lakeS' and rive:rsr· with such delight; tha1t :his pictures of th'e livesr; custon1s and manners of a; people are s.o true t,o, nature thalt they catU never fade into the dim -h :l ze of n1e1nory; st1H his works aTe· practically unkno\vn outside the~ land! of hi.s1 birth, · though they deserve a pla,ee in every libraLryr vvthere an Irislh exile haiSi '. fvrund . a home, 1 refe!r to the w:oirksl of Oharles J. Kickham, author -of Knocknagow or the homes . of Tipperary; for no Irish writer has eve:r ·more faithfully portrayed the custo1ns, Inanne:r'SI, joys and sorrows of a\.peopl'e tha[I]J t!4is' genita l pore t w'hol liVield 'neath tlhe shadow of Slievenan1on bes1i.de the ·· bain ks of · the ·s.parrlding Anner river. Charles J. Kickhar1n was. b0rn in the little villa~g:e ·of ~1ul1inahone, County T!epp,erary on . Maiy .9th, .182.8): ·of a; fan1ily that ranked high aJnong ..the 1nost respected . pe:o'P'le in the South of Ire1land, his mother being a1 nearr rel~ative-<of the illustrious Phenian 1Pader, .Tohn O'Mahonv; The early life of Charles w·ais Iilre that. of m·os;t boys ··v f ·n]s age, uneventful; ye:t he n1anife,s:t ed very ea~ rly in life :a d eciclerd a:pti.t ude foir the poet's calling, though his pa: rent~s· iritende:cl hin1 ·for the nl·eidical profession, as:we can easily g·Ie·a.n fr6tn the' erHsode in coniposing the poein "My Old Dhudee·n.~, ,· · One da~ in: school the IU.arster ca.l led up his ·c'la!SIS fO·r ·an e~ercis€\ in adthntetie. .·'V\The·n . the s~late~s " r-ete' exa.1uihed no ans\Yer 'vas fvund :i'n Kickha[m's but· ins~te:a:d the ma1 st~er found his' first. 'J)!?r e -~.Xca] · w:ork "'My Old Dhurdee:n ." Another incident occurred · at this· thue '\vhich grea.t1ly frust•rart:e d the design~ of ·hirs 'pra1rents.. On'e1 e'\rening ·while holding'' a potvd;e'r flalsk beforre the firel either foil'' drying o'r experim.-enting, purpos~es 1t .snddenl3r ·expfode:d with the · result that :his· sight and ' hemring were perni:ar n~:n!tly i.ii:ipaired during the rest ·o f his eventful life: · · _ · . At the age of eight€ern his .lit.era.ry care~er beg;arn by . the publication of n1any stirring ':i)oems, on ."Irish .Liberty." Kickhalln 'vas an a:r dent, partriot a~nd fo1llowed~ with keen inte~rest the efforts of 0"0onnell to win ba,ck Ire1land:'·s birthright. But when the Liberartorr dreela1red "that a nation':s liberty was. not wort:h the shedding of a drop· of blood," the: poet grew sick of sueh doctrine, far he beilievedi'\vitihr th:e Young: Irelatnd pa1rty trh at "'One n1an who dies for liberty is worth a thousand 1uen" a,n d tha,t liberrty · is the only worthy inherrit~anee of a natiorn.J'. At th1s tilne a,l so he: organiz·r.td a poEtieal club at ~1ullianhone ~HE; ·
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which had fo,r . its object the am~lio, ration . of conditions tJh en existing in Irela,nd.·. Many of the ·mmnb;ers .o f thi~ :Q.lOvem:ent ·w·e re : afterwail'ds- identified with . the Phenia1n brotherho(j)~ , in Tippera1:ry) with .·the .resrult thalt Kiekham was: sQOI). .~usp,ected of dj1s1oyal ty .to the B'ritJis:h e:r:otwn aDJCL f01r. thist ·reaso.n had . tQI ruba:ndioili his . qUJiertJ ,villalgje hO!Illle and seek pr\)tectio[ll a!D;loillg his friends on the hillsid·e mid the gle:ns and purple hea.ther of S.lievelllamon~ ,• , · The · dJrea1ry yea,r s that followed ·this political agitation mark~d · the .departure: of m1amy of Ireland's best . and . bTavest sons to foreign ,clin1es in search ' of the employn1ent denied them a,t hon1e by an .o ppressive and despotic go·v ernment. : Yet Kiekham never los~t hope of E'rin's· ultilna.te freedon1 . ever believing that.: ., . . · Freedon1:'s bat.t le once begun · Bequearth'd from ·bleOOingi .s ire to· ·son Though haffied' oift is fwer· won. · Gr~aduaHy
the sto·rin of politica,l unres,t . abated and we find Kick4am baic k aga1iDJ in. his . father's honne, taking a~n . rue~ tive pa~t in. tlie ."tenant right moveni· e~nt" and cQntdbuting an occasional letter to the ."Ti,pperary . Exa.m iner.'; When thjs 111i0vement , faned the' poet .lost confidence in further Par liamenrtacy .ag;1tation, but :s till .continued writing to the "Celt," a week .l y periodical published in Kilkenny, such poems as "The. Irish: _ Pea~a1Il!t1 Girl" allld tb.e fam:ous T'i pperary 'var .s ong "Rory of the H~iUSJ/' . , . N·v tJ;uer or purer type _o.f Irish ,Ina.idenhood · was ever more faithfully . pq.rtrayed than Kickh~'s . "Irish . Pe~sa.nt Girl.'; With 1naster ha'fld: aided. by the. fine, delica,t e a:o.d native . i~ma.~n;wtio'n ,of .the poet i~ described this "Irish E;vungeline," whos1e history is fou;nded . on. a.ctua[ fa.c t so tJ.·ue to life that ·we cannot refrain frQin givi~l:g in . full the· history of this "lily of, the m,ountain foot , tha,~. wither~d f~r . ~.w·ay.'' She. lived beside the Anner, · At· the foot of; Shevenanon, .,, · , · , A gentle perusant girl . · With mil:d -eyes like the down; ·· , Her. lips,'vere dewy rosebuds, .. Her teeth of pearls rare, And a .s now drift 'neath a! beechen bough Her neck and nut-brown hair. ,•'
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liOtw pleasant .'t:WlliSito Ir,teet her .. ,On: Sunday, :jw:IJ:eiJ); ;the beU ~ . : . \Vas filling w.ith jts; _mellow ton.e s. .. . Lone wood· a1nd. gr~a~s~sy: deU, .. · · And .~when at eve young Inaidens :
. Str'a(Yed the river ba.nlt aJ·o!lg, .. ., The widow's brown:~ha.ired ,:daughte.r, ·· ; ·vVas lo;velies:t of:the throng. ,
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l,eials t of an your perils ' ' Is ·the Sit'Oirlny ocean · w,a;ve. ~ · ·When you lea,ve y~ our quiet' vallBys; ; And cross the Atlantic · foaiiil, · · T 'o hoa~1·d ·your hard! 1von earning·· For the helple1ss one!sl at ho1me. •
' "vVrite wo~d to my own dea:r motherSa,y .we'·ll Ineet· with God a.b()Ve; Arid tell ; Iny ·littlebrothe:r s;' · T 's end then1· .a ll n1y Iorve ; And mta(Y the angels ever guard·.them Is their ·.dying siste1r',s praye:r .-· " . And fold·e d in. the ·Ie~tte~r ·Was a, braid: .of nut-hr:own hair. / )' .
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Ah, eold and well~nigh caHous ·· This weary ·h·ea~rt h:a.s grown, For ·thy hetp1ess fa.te 'd ear Ire1land, ·.And for sorro~W!s of rtiy O)Vll ;, · ·. Yet a tear roy eye will n1oisten, · When my Anner's ba1nlr I stray, ·, · F,or the lily of the n1ountain foot, Tha1t wjthered fa1r away. .
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Kickh.a,I n .~ontrjbuted . ma,n y . exc_~llent articles o;n Irish peasarn t life a,t this. period· -also, ,.sucb. as "L~as;e in ~.evers1ion," etc. In 1860 the contingent,, organiz~d at MuHina,hone to .aii d the Papal Brigade,. returned and: Kickl;tam wa.s chosen to ,deliver :an a.ddrre ss of welcome to the~-e unselfish ·pat.riot,_s~ . gis ~peech possie~sedJ all the q~nHties of true .or~tory, inter~rp·~f;~'~d t."
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with s0und advise on the ·efficiency of · the use of arms. He warned them t,o g;uardJ .alg~Uiinsrt · ttlr·e 'viles b·f · thie British recrniting sergeant, for an irish soldier fighting for England will never help:' to free Ireland. At this vejr y time Kickham took the Pheniam. 01ruth from John O'M,a hony and heneefo,r th we find hhn: heart and soul in the1 n1ove'lnent for the spread of its principles, · lecturing a.nd advis~ing1 the peofple: i}n every pos·s ible occa,s.ion besri des ·writing- stirring· arr tieles fo·r the press.. Thereby striving 1nanfu1ly to reg~ain for · Erin wha,t he belierved nature iTIJtenderd' her tor be: "Grea,t , glorious and free, first fl01w~elr of the enrrth and firsrt g~mn of ·the s.ea." l\1a.ny people seen1 ·to be under the ilnpres,s ion tha,t the Phenian nH)!v mnent and its teachings, e~)nta. ined so1ne radical n1ea1sures for the freedomJ of Ireoland; even a: few· have asiSie~ted that it cor:q.ta,i ned anti-Catholic P'r inciples. Tb dispel this. delusion .I shall here give the cxa,c t wordsr of the Phenia.n Oa,t h: viz- . "I (N) in the presence of Ahnighty God do solemnly H\vea1r all egiarn ee to the Irish Hepublie, now virt:uaJly established, and that I will do n1y very ut.Inost, at every risk, 'while life lasts, t,-t} defend its independence and integrity; and finally t<h at I will yie:l d hnplicit obedience in all things not contra:r y to the la.w s· of God to the con1n1~ands of n;ty superior officers So<) help nw God: An1en." Fr01n this de:e la.ra.t.ion it can be. de.a,r1y seen tha.t to he: a Phenia,h did not necessarily ilnply a. fierce rebel or ·0 ue who wa.s a Inena,ce to SoOic iety- no, their motto savored n1or e of the days o:f Clhi,vailry whos1e waltchword was "quo fortior eo Inetior." Indee(li their only m:nbHion ·was to' break the gyve:s. of bondage thait welded thmn to E:ng1La,n d during s1ix centuri,e s of oppressti on and r'e ga,i n "Ireland for the Irish and the land for the people." And though the:ir best efforts were doomed to ultimate fa,i lure yet the spirit begotten of t.hat n1oVe.1ne.nt s-till lives in the m1e n of toda~. In the year 1863 Kickham Saii led for America, to inforn1 hi.s eountryn1-en there of the hardships endu['·e d· by the tenant farrn1er.s of Ireland unde~r Landlordisn1. He w;a,s: received with unbounded enthusd,a sm by the s:e:a-divjded Gael in the growing 1netrorpolis of the west, the youthful city of Chicago where he held aJ P'henia.n convention; the following year. The scattered sro ns of Ei-in . were thus informed ·of the- Phenian n1ovement and eagerly looked fonva~rd' t.\) the day when a.n opportunity might present itself o.f returning to their native 1
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hea.rt.hs and s.triking. a : hlorw to. regaiilli their long lost liberty. Unfortunately perhaps, that opportunity never re:a Hy presented itself; .and the ·:san'e:t;' mean's of Pa:rliamentary .a git1a;t iun atre gradruaUy dispelling the clouds of gloon1 . hanging ove~r Ireland, so thatt t1h e da,y is not fair ' diisrtanrt w1h en the "bright. nO!Dffll of freedom shall s.hine o'er her yet." · The following yea1r Kickh.a.m returned to Irela:nd and · became ru me:rribe1r of the editoriaJ srtaff of the "Xrish People," the o:ffiJciaJ organ of trre P'henian m•\)Veine:nt. Into the very offiees of this newspa1p'err the British goiVerninent sent. a spy under the guise of a, helper who caLrried to Dublin castle aH news peil'taining to the movement. Th1s t;r!a i tor.;s nam'e was Pier·c e .N a,gle, whose treachery ·c:au,s ed . the a:rrest . of Kickhan1, st,e phens., Duffey and Brophy. . They W·e re br:o ught before a jury a;t Gre•enr Stre·e t Courthouse, Dublin, on the 6th of J ·arnuary, 1866. Afte'l' a brief t;r ial they were convicted for· the criln:e of "T'reason and Felon~,'' · principally · because of an article publi\shed in the Irish People in defense of s:elf-governnlent for ~reland. Judge Keogh who pa1ssed s;en tmrce .a1srked Kickh:alln if he had anything to say why the s:e nt1eu,e e of de1a1th shoruld . not .he passed . o:n hhn:. Jfickha:m r'e plied: 'I believe, n1y l~ord,s, · I ha.v e said e!llough alr·ea:dy. I will only add I am C'\}nvict,eld! for shnpl:f doing my diu_.t y. · I h.arve endeavored to .s.e-rve Irelmn:d' alnid! now, I attn p~repa/red to ,s.u,f fer for Ir,e lain d.' The judge with som-e e;xpres'Si.ollls of 'Sympa,thy in recognit.ion of the1litera;ry attainment,s of the. poet sent,ein ced him · to penal servitude fo~ fourteen ye:a:r s. ·The prisoner re:e eived this- sad news through an ear-trum-pet a.nd: without uttering ai word of com.p laint retired into captivity. Owing to his1 e,x tre·me1y delicate heoalth he was relea1s:e d after three and a half yea,r s of p:risoll! life. 'T he halr:d:s hi ps of a1 B:ritd:Slh dunge·o n (and! t1h ey were varied flJnd manifolq) could nl\)t suhdue the spirit of this gifted' childl of Slong aiSl can be s:e:en f.r.oml thos,e: jn:s.pi:rin;g liin<es 'vritten during his incareerration: l\1y dear-loved' la:nd, rous.t it. be mine No more, except in dreams·, to s1e e Yet think no·t , friends:, th.at I repine At my sad fa:t:e if sad it be; Think not the ca,ptiv:e weakly pines,T'hat from his s'oul aill joy hath flown Oh, n0! the solemn sta;rlight .s hines As brightly as it ever shone.
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Still the -severity· of' 'prison life ·had· done -it.s , 'Work ' only too \.veil orr ·his reifitied ·~arid · senls:i tive · na~twre; and · ht:r ·r eturn-' ed to his ' Tippe'cary ·home' b:r:oikern in· heailth, · hi.s · sight and heaJring 'a lmost . oomip~etelJ1 lOISrt; but· th!e Spirit amd g1€1lliil S! of tll'e p0·et " ras ·ln;o re · a~t'ive 'tha.ll ·ever. ·H·encefind; his greatest literary wor.ks atp pea1red after · his release such 3:.S'" "Sally Kava.riagh'~ .arid his . :rita$terpie~e . Knockn.a.g ow or the Jiom·eS T'ippera.r y .· · . '· Kic'khairr ·wa,s · unql.ietS:tionahly · ·<'>ne' of ·our g•reates.t :delinea.t.ors of Irish· rura:l lifer an·.a_,· ehara:c te:r. · . This fact ·i s evi'dent 't.() eve1'"y oiie who has' ·read Knocknwgow. In it Y·0 u will find· the ·n1en a1n d' women a1s they ·reaHy live today in the south 'of· Ireland; · rneri 'and · wo1n.en· in \vhose lives! are: blendeid the hu:tnor10UIS with the pathetic, · the s:i11Jile \Vith the tear; their ·Jault,s ·and their virtues- a:re not 'O·Verlo.oked; ·a nd in this re.s:p.e ct he is · true to ··nature and hws; n6rt overidr~wn the one or su ppres·s ed the -o ther, like the· la1te ·John -Synge· ha:s done in his ·- plays: "The Tirik~s. ·W'e dding/' and: the '' "·Piaybo~ of the We·s tern vVorld." "Knockn:ag~o;·w;" ·'like . all · gr;ea.t n.:ovets, ' ,,~a.s ·written for a determ'ined p:u·f P·OlS'e : 'nam·ely· ··t0 show ' urid·e r wha,t oppressive ·a;n d · despotic conditions the · unfo·rtunat~ e teha1n t farmers ,of Irela.n d w·e re ~oreed _to eke out a·il exisrten~¢e -l1nder th~ E1nglish _latn dlord'ism; and tllereo·y · iJo1 seek the - a~meiicira,~tion o.f ,their ·unhappy ·lot.. · .Kickham did ri:0t -lahor in ;vain. . His posur·e t()· tihe world' of the unjust sed~dom o·f al pe'r secuted people has been' fi"'liitful of untold g'ood' ·a,n d. brighter da~s have darwne:d:- flo'r Irela.n d ~sfnce Knocknag,ow .wa.s · written. ·. . Kickha.m "'~a.s endowed 'witih an th.O'se beautiful traits of ·a. gifted soul; · everything enha1n.cing iri nature ?-tp p·ealed to -Iihn, and .he wa.s · ever ·bus(Y in depicting' pastora:l · scenes. The · ivild gra,rideul,; of Slievennmon .with its romta;n tic ?-rid celtic taJes ha:s he'e:n imn1o1~ta.lized :ln his ~poeni the "Valley Near Slievenamon.'' Like the Jate: editor of the -New -World, the verSatt ile Orhrurles · J 1.- 01'-1\![a/lley, Whose d1eligihtful .muse rerveled in the pars toratl ·s cenes ·of" Old K entucky -· alll.d ennobled all that is beaiUtiful illl t3J.:is .:s:o uthern ·startle by hi.s - lofty - genius;, Kickham wa;s truly: giftedJ with -"the geniUIS o:f the poet and the artist's .s oul." The . spai..kling a,n d·-crys.tml wa,t ers: of the R.iver Anne:r ha.v e' been· made ' sErcred' by the meniory of that beautiful poellll "She· lives besride~.the A:nner." · But while singing•· the'- pDaisest of the mountains and 1
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rivers .of E;rin tlhe piOtet ·ha,s not .forg1c:)itten her valleys,_. In his poem;.' ·~'Patri~k ··SheellJan," we· ··get . a ~ g'limps1e':of ·his · pictures of the valleys ·and glens of Ireland, especially the Glen of Aherlow . when Patrick Sheehan lived beiore· en1ist}ng in the English a:rmy.·, · Here he gives . us an._idea of the -attachment of. ·a 'tru·e : "Cie1t'-' :tOI his n:attive:v:a[l,ey w ith! ·ruH it:st~s'cenic cha:riiD:s. "P~trick Sheehan," after enlisting~· .in· the airn:iy, s:uff.ered· m ucb. 'in foreign clirnes till he, finally h)st hi,s:·· .sight. In this sad eondition:, ~when everyoue ;seletms: t:01 have ·f.o1rsaken him, the soldiers exclaim : 1
"And when I ·found that I wa'S' blind my t,eall's began to flow For I longed for even a1 pauper'.s: grave in the Glen ·o f Aherlow.'' Kickhan1 i,s perhaps rutAiii~ b~s.t, ~Ill ·:h is, p;a~triot;ic poean~s: whose every line bre!athe the ·. §:P irit, <?,f):trier~y and' make the heal:'t throb with action. ',r P,is .is especially '· noticeable in O:alr raliglVIbcleaira;, his patriotic riila;ste.rpieee. ·· T:a give even a brief sunima,ry of the ent.ir'e literary works of Cha,r les Kickha:m would extend this article fair beyond its intended lhnits. I must consequently dra·w to a ch)s.e with the earnest hope thaJt the few line:s here penned will f[l,milimrize som,e of his eou:t;Ltry-mei;l . il.l Am·e rica with the name of this alm·os~t fbrgotten, beeau,s.e unknown., p,o1 et. 'Hi:s vvorks speak for themselves, for n0 Iri~ sh-Am1erican ev·e r read Knockna;gow vvith·o1ut feeling aJ .desril'fe tlo ·f.ea;st his · eyes at ·least once ih life on· ·. thotse ·. b1lcL' · :s1eeri:es around ' Slieweni~Fmro rn whose hills: ·a)n d dalels., streailns; rivers :am:d .ripp:l:Ung brooks are 'fuH · of sacr1ed memories· of · ·a; ' truly great ra;ee~ · A.nd, thoug~h Kickham: is k:tlo\vn to·· fa:ine chiefly as ·th'e a~uthor· lof ·"Knocknago·w'," a tn d this is :r:wti the 'leaiSrt · of · his claims to grateful ·r'eil1'e:nlbrrainee; yet -· 'b eyond· a.ttd · alb ove aU ·his · other characteristios~ there · stands ~one · ·:rnore · conspicuous than the · rest, hi1s unselfish devotion to · :rrela: nd~ He saillg] ·otf her 'freedom, ·her joys: and~ her sdirrow,s amd' thtm.gh ·he did n:o t live to see' :her ch.ain;s of .bonda;ge brbiken, · yet the work 'he ·achieved · for the a!tt:ainment · o,f thils ·end '· w?iH · not be ~forgiottel'r · "when .. Erin takes her pl·ace a:inon:g ·the "'ria,t ions of the -ealr th." . · · · Kicklia.m ·died in 1882, wihile .s till in the prime of ma-nhood. The hardships of pris:on life had d0~ne · only toO' \vell · their grim w(n•k Din his; refined and· delicate nature and IreTa:nd lras -suffe:r ed . by his dea,t h. ' ' He W.aiS laid -tb rest iri the·
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little church-yard at Nlullenahone, "beside the Anne.r at the foot of Slievenamon," the river and mountain he sang' so sweetly of. ·. . A Ina,gnifieient life-sjze statue of the pl()et wa1s erected in Tipperair y town a few yeaDs a.g o to perpetuate the. lll€CJ.UOry of this gifted son in his na-tive cbunty of "Galla1n t Tippera,r y" with the following inscription.: "Charles: J. Kickham, ·poet Novelist, and :M.is:cellaneorus writer, but ahove all, a Pat:ri·0 t." .
Thomas O'Brien. ---~:~---
D ·E tATH OF F 'A·T H:Ern. OOT'E L
.St. Viato·r co:llege by the deiaibh of Rev. J. Cote, which OC'CUiri"ed lVJaJrch 1 a,t l the hosrpritaJ of st:. Joseph, Levis;,, Que .bee, Ga.nadal, los:t a1 lifelong friend and! be:n efa,e tor. Father Oote, who wa1s appointed pastor of Bourbonnais in the autumn of 1864, seeing1 the needi of a1 Cruth0lie school foil" boys in this locality, requested V. R.ev. F 'a theT Ohampa.g neur, Provincial of the CQeries: orf St. Via1tor in Canada~ to send smne of his eotnmunity here to .establish a Sic hool, and generously offered to res.ign his pa.ri&:h to a priest ·0 f that communitJT. On Sept. t>, 1865 Father Cbte, with the authorizartion of the Bishorp of Chicagot, in:s:taHed as his' successor in Matern~ty Church Very Rev. Pet:er Be:audo-in, G. S. V., who with Brothers Berna.rd and Ma.r tel had been s:ent to found a; s:chool in Bourbo1nnajs1. Three years later this1 school developed . into St. Viato~ College. . Father · Bearudoin cannot sufficiently express: his· .est.ee1n for F~ather Cb,te~ "I ha;ve lost a great friend/' said' he when
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speaking of hi's dea1th, "I knew him1 for years a,n d ~ cannot' sa~ how much I thou~;ht of him. · He was wlways: the gentle., noble, S1~lf-s1a.crificin~ pries•t. T'hough he had been here 'only nine months when I a,,rrivedl ti)l ta,k e his: parish, he: was beloved by everyone, and all were grieved to los.e him. ·He wa,s always. a friend: of our communit;y, and. wh.e:n any of the priest.s or bTothers went to Chicago, his home was their hotel. St. Viator College owes n1uch to Father Cote, for it was at his sugges.tiorn thatJ the Oleries of St. Viator came to the United States, andi throrug~h hi1Sl generos~ity in: giving up hjs parish to them, theJi were enabled to open a s1cho-ol in Illinois. For
years before coming to Bourbonnais Father Cote had been a
nli.SlsiionJary priest; ~n llrl ino1is, and! it wrusr no Slmrull sa:erifice to give llpt his pa['d1sh and' return to m.is1s1iornarry work. Father J ailnes Oot:e was born a,t Etcp_emin, Quebec, Oanada, April 5, 1829·, ain dt after completing hi~s , stud·ies ait the Semina:r y of Quebec was ordwinedi priest June 8, 1856. F 'o r three .. years he exercised his sacred ministry in Canada;, and then came to Illinois1, where he was aJ missiornary until 1864 when he was aprpoinrtedJ pwstor of Bourbonnais. After res,igning this office he beeame as1s ista,n t to Falther R,oles, pastor of St. l\fa,r y's Church, Ohicago, aindJ soon after succeeded to the p:astiwate of the Notre, DaJine do Cfhica1go Church. This, in1portant office he held' until 1884 when he was appointed pa:s:tor of Aurora, Ill. Old age ailld: declining: heaJth · foree'd him to res1ig-n in 189-6, .when he returnedi to Canada1, 3Jnd' spent the rema;ining years of his life in the Hospita1l St. Jos:erph a~t L~e:vis. A requiem H:ig,h: Mas:s was srung1 in the CoUe1g e cha,p el for the repose of his soul om Tuesday, M:a,r ch 14. · Requ,i escat in Pace.
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THE VIATO·R IAN MAN'S .PILGRIMAGE. A pudgy toy, And yet a hoy, With winsome, coio.i ng 1nurn1ur. . vVild, wonder-eyed·, As worlds: ar.e spied By apt and busy learner. Rebellious look At cha1r t or book, And halting trea:d to~ schovl ; D:e fiant ·Inielll, For pleasuT'e keenAn enemy of rule·. A heart "for rent" A head intent On lea,p ing all ba~rrier.s t ; 1\ mate is ~~ought, Love's battle fought The :fir'S't of mature yea,rs. Now in the s~trife, Of 'gress.ive life, With sinews s~t.rruined: and torn; He seeks to clutch, And corvet1s much, T·h e ros-e without the thorn.
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Sed,a:te and gray, Rmnorved from fray And tur1noil bo·r.n of greed, He views setr ene, · His home and queen, And bids the w·orld Godspeed. vVi th vision dim, And tott'ring limb, With sands of life nea1r ru:n, He strives to gaze, Thro' the misty ha~e Of life's fast setting sun.
-:--Robert Ross.
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PHRONEMATA The grea,t epic of un<)htrusive nobility of life yet rema~ins to be written, and perhaps .will SIO rema1in until th.e end o.f tim;e for. wan;() of a poert of srufficient genims 'to s1ing itH praise. There a!I'·e noble men and 'vomen-whios1e ea,r thly existences are spent in the unobtrusive silent, patient; obs;c ure doing of good, perhaps at the cos.t of infinite pain to' them's'e lves, w.ithout their fame' being hera1lded abroad, or their. nam·e s being known beyond their own circles:, but who have left the wor ld! better and! brighten fo1r t ih eir br:ief Sita[Y inJ it. The1se are the n1en and WOI:t;len who, during: a.ll time, ha,v e done the hard work of the world smHingly, gently and uncompla.i ningly without a,ny hope of fame, wealth or hon;br, because it was theil, duty, and because One who1 hadi been des:priste d of men had set them the exa,m ple. Inspired with simple, but glorious,l y he1ro~ic courage, they s,a,cTiifice themselves, for otheor~s, and are the s.o ldiers thart win the laurels for the g·enera,l 's brlow, the attendants tha,t bring success and fa1n.e to the doctor's .s kill, the clerks who faithfully watch the intere~s ~ts of the 1nerchant prince, the hair d handed lahorers and · toil-wo;rn wo1nen who 'have really made the world what it is· today. Such people live quietly and unnoticed, no one: thinks: of pra.is1ing them, but ·when one 'of then1 is taken a;~ay, whon1 we once knew, 've notice so1ne of the sunshine and joy of life has gone. Their e:pic has .not ye~t been writt1en, but the lips of angel,s will sing their triumph s.ong when the'Y stand hefore the Great vVhite Throne to receive the laurel \}f victory 'oiVer s-elf.
Yea,r by year the observance of St. P'a~trick's. day grows more universa.I, because it iH the day upon which one of the most pe1rsercuted races celeb:rates its g·1~eat glory, its. never failing -aidherenee to Catholicity, the only truly Christian religion. Upon this da.y the Irish coo.nmemorate the virtues- vf
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their greart · apostle a,n d· patron· .s:a int "\vho beque~a,thed to them the glorious herr ita,g e of their falith, which they ha;ve , haud;ed down from gene:ratiorn t.a generation unsullied ain d unim;pralir. ed despite the age of pe~srecution, the S~'W'Vli'd of the torppreS'sor, aDJd the con:fis;c:i.tJtion of their homes and landsr by a foreign invader. St. Patrick s.owed the seed of Christianity in Ireland "~ithout the .srhedding, of al drop of blood, but s;ince that time irt has gTOWDJ :a \ndJ frtuJeti:fieldJ ~rr om dJelU\gleSI of marr t:yr's; blolod. On Maoc-ch 17 w·e obsrerrve n !0tt orn rl y th'e fera1srt of a1 grr-reart: bishop ar.tJJd confers:sr o~, but t[l:re cr:urci:fixionl o£ a/ nartJiro n', unpal:e alleled in hi.storr y. The only thing of which Ireland can boa:s t is her unswerving, unc:ompr1\)mi.sling and undying faith, ·but no orther · nation can m:ruke a; prouder bo'a st. She has had her Gerthsen1a.ne, she has c1im!bed her Oarlvaey, she ha:s; been nailed to t he Oro~s, s.he hals wa[.ked' the Viami D olorosam with the Savior. Individual~ have done this in large nu1nbers, but Ireland is the only nfl!tion: tha,.t has bee~ s.o signally honored b~ God. 1
"R,era;cling m1a keth ·ru full matn "· say;s Balc:orn, and it s,eein'S that the voracious readers of tbe 1nodern popular magazine . a1re full of rubbi:sihf like the fam1i1y asbJ balr reL /
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THE VIATORIAN Publlshed monthlY by the students ,of
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Viator College, Bourbonnais, Illino£s.
EDITORIAL STAFF
E 'd itor
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Chief-FRANCIS A. CLEARY, '11.
E.x changes. J. P. O'MAUONEY, '11.
Societies-FREb CONNOR, '13.
Athletics-GERALD BERGAN, '12.
Personals· RALPH LEGRIS, '11.
Alumni· TIMOTHY A. ROWAN, '13.
Locals-PETER J. CURLEY, '14 .
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Entered at the Bourbonnais Post Offia as second-'class matter All ctJrresj;ondenc<e must be addressed" The Viatorian," Bourbonnais, Illinois. SubscrijJtzon price One Dollar jJer year, payable in advance. All business ·communications should be addressed to "Business Manager," The Viatorian, St. Viator College, Bourbonnais, Illinois. .
. EDITORIAL.
We a;r e indeed happy to enroll among· the long list of our distinguished college Sl{}cietie:s:, the "Socie:ty of the Most. Holy Name." This society, although a new one in this community, is one which has long Society of the lJ;Jost been esta:b lished throughout a great parl \1f Holy Na.1ne. the Ohristian world, and is one whose influence ha1s likew~i,se pern1ea~ted the hearts of all Christian men and women. Having · for its a1im, the respect and honor, which we should boor towards the Ho1y name of God and Je,s1u s Ohr1st, it ca[}J not but s.tlir up in men, aU that is noble and' gopd. Hence, wherever we may look about us, we will aJwa~s find, that if t~here, this society exists, there also are men wort,hy of esrteen1. The society here, thanks to the diligent work of our Reverend Pres,i dent, boasts of an
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unusually la1rge ntnuber, and "\ve have therefore an the 1nore caus.e for rejoicing. '
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Me.xiao· is just now ha.vi11:g 1nore than hm" sha,r e o,f trouble. R-evolution a1nd · internal warfare have so far aldv.an.ced, that now ·the situaUon is most em1brura1ssing t:o1 the ~fexican gorvernment. T;h e people have indeed grave reason to be a.la.r med, not, only for their Our own personal s;a,f ety, but even for the nation:s Borde1·. w~lfa["e. In ~order to rS afegua):vd her subjects and ' her own interests:, the United States ha1s: dispatched troovs to the :.Mexican bo·r der8. These, together with .a. few of our iron-clads will in all probabil!ity insure perfect safety to aU c~ncerned, and eliminate any da,n ger that n1ight arise for us. vVar is a sad state oj affairs in any instance and nniis.t alway.s be a nation's last resort in tin1e of trouble. vVhether [or not the .a,c tion of :i\!exican sllihjects will result in further dang~er rmnains yet to be seen. Frmn all appearances the trouble will be confined to ~1exic·o; let us then hope foi· irilJlnediate · pe1UJce, for a.s sons of 31 univer:s al fainily we are! conce1rned in this pea.ce.
+ + + Bleak old winter is slowly fading into the hr.ight and exuberain t breath of sunny Sipringiiin:e. Nature is once 1nore unfolding· her w·ea.lth of tre~.sures and a;ll the Tlt.e Voice air see1ns to a,b ound in s.weert perfumes. The of re1turning songbirCLs he:r 'a ld thie eoming '<~f the Spring. sunshine season, and niother ea:rth awalren~d frQnli her w'inJt:err 's slumberr srbairt.s alllew the · \vork of life. As the seaJSo,n 's cha!n ge, so do we also, a:nd: as the , years Speed On COrtlS>tantly interchanging Wli th their 8€13r sons, inr the saine Way, do our lives; :R.e newed a.ctiviUesi diver.Sie ihfluen.ces ali go to 1nake up a lifetiine. We 1nus.t 'ever
feel the spirit of the different seasons and so infuse new 1n-
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is the s~ign of birth a.nd rejuvenated na,tut"e, we can all partake in the spirit of the sea,s:on.
.teresrt, new vigor into our
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+ + + Time a1nd amaiin, iti hats' been notedJ and remarked, what .aJ po,verful influence the press can exercise. , Now this a~Ssertion wa,s never n1ore t.r ue than in the present da1y. The U~verage college student is a Oa.tholic m'o,s:t voracri ous retaider a,n d of course in the .s a.n le style a,s. he reads, so is his youthful character n1olded. VV e loo'k to the cladJy press fo-r n1ost of our knowledg'e eo·ncerning the outs,i de 'vorld. ,1\Thy could ·we not C'()lnfine .o urselves to a good Catholic weekly·? Struggling under the dispa~ra.ging - influences of n1any so-called n1odernis.-t;s., our CU~tholic pressn1en need -e very effort., for success, which we can lend ,them'. As official organs of truth we 1nust eo-ope~a,te with them in their \York On the other haln d w·e mus~t look to our Ca;thv1ie books, Inag;a.Ziine:s, an!d all pe'riodical.s for good ,s ensible reading 1naterial, so tha.t. ;our minds may be fed with the pu;r est and- nourished \vith the stt~onges;t, th:at only g1rea.t writers can offer. '
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SOCIETY NOTES Tfhe first annual banquet of the Comm·e rcial class. in honor Qf -the · Sen'ior cla.s:s took place Tuesday ev-ening', February 28th in the college banquet hall. The newly 'organized Oomtmercial clas:S .is showing unusual a;ctivity for s:uch a young orgatnizatian. T'hey have made haste to reap the socia,l .benefits .of orgaiiLization. The business like n1:an~er in which the affai,r was . ~onducte(l bears .the charrq..e teristic JnaTk of a comn1ercial body of' men. vVe ·w ould enterta,i n great l~orpe.s for our ·nation in the future if these young mell} would carry
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out 'into the world the s:ame spirit as, they displayed in class work, and uri!doubrtedly they wilL Congratu1a~tiO.ns and hes.t ·w ishes. for future · su~eeesses t.o the Oommexeial class of '11! After a generou's ~upper the following progran1 was rendered: Opening addres1s, P. O'Lea:r y; "Oila;ss Orrganizart.ion," A :. Storr; ·v iolin solo, F. Connor; '''Business \Vor1d,"· H. Fitzgerald; "Last Link of Class ~ orga;niza1tion," F. Clea1ry; "St. Viator's Students in the Business Wo~ld," R.ev. EL L. R1ivar.d, 0. S. V.; vo:c:a'l duet, E! .Water:s arnd E~. Leine~n; s1eleeted, R.e,v . . ·vv. J. Bergin; vocal · ~,o~lo, J. Kissane; selected, R.ev. :M. J. Breen; 4 '0onnn-ercial Eidueation," ·very .Rev. J. P. O'Maih0ney.
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The eelehra:tion in honoQ~ of the fifth a\n n,riversa:r y ·a f the. fir e, ·g iven by the S:eiDJior elals1s jn tih.e eoHege auditorium, Tuesday, F'eb. 21, wa1s a!n intere1sting and instructive affa1ir. T'h e various srpeeches .deliver ed .by representatives of the various departnlents., MinimS!, Juniors and Seniors, at. the tjnle of the fire, we1re ·replete with interesting anec:d'bt. e.s~ and des·c riptions, 'vhich painted-anew; n;0 t only the harvoe of the flan1es, but the , alnuts ing· S<eene1s r esulting fromr g1rart.uit:ous bravery on the pa;r t · of excited students. 'Rev. James A. Hayden, '06, related in an eloquent n1anner the struggle,., of the class of '06 in behalf of class otganization. · He traced the developn1ent of a Srp irit of loyalty amoiJ:lg the students of Viator, in1planted in them a.s a: result. of the a;wful misfortune of. the. fir·e, .and .Sii ncel grown s:trong in many . ,.Yays; a.p d he urged a, continuance of this sp·i rit not only during the tiln-e s pent at doillege, but also !I uring the ca.reer of the: s.tuden t in the world,. In continuation of this1 idea, Mr. William . G. Me. ICenna:, '06, in an exeerllenta.p preciation of clas!S1 orga.nizUJtion, urged a mo·r :e thorough and practical organization of the alun1ni of St. Via1tor'.s eollege. The other spe:eches~ on the _progran;r, as published in our last number, added to the inteilectuaJ a.tn1osrpheT·e of the evening.. Such a. generous and just a.ppre·c iation of . "Fire D~~" reflect.Bi grea.t credit. upon the Senj or cla.s:s:: The Sophomore ' a;n d Freshman Oratory club will · l1a~ve ·its :Field D,a,y M:a:r eh 22nd, tOn the evening 'of w_h ich a · public debate 'ivill be he,l d ·on the quesrbion "La.bor Unions are . 9n the f
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whole beneficia1l to Society in General in the · United States~. " T'he oppo:s1ing team.s are working hrurd upon their Inatter, ·and, without doubt, it will be a dos;e contest. T.his is the first of a series of debat~es which will be given by this elub th:i,s year. At the la~srt me, etin~ of the O'I'a:bory club, M1:-. Dougherty, 1\{r. L,y nch and' l\1-r. L~ang1oi.s delivered very . interets ting speteches which showed' deep thoug~ht and untiring prepair ation.
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Patrick's Lit.e rary and Deba,t ing Sociert.y held its fir:st public :tneeting ])1all''c h 6.th, in . the CloUege AudJitoriu1n. A very interesting prog1ram was rendered. after which a vaude. ville selection was given which p['oved highly .ep.tertaining. E 'nte:rtaJnn1ents of a1s1imHar nature ha~ve be·e n ca.rried on every week in the socie,t y, and the differelllt participants were thus well . prepa1re:di to :Sru1slt:aiDJ thJej:r part.s. 'T he firsrt a ppeail"arnce of "St. Pats" this yeail" proved a decided suceess; ailld- .future affah's of a; sintilar naitu•r e would be heartily recejved bjT the student body. Th·e!y not only reUeve the mouortbny of the winter e:vening,s, but they bring before the eyes; of the· students the locall ta~len:t of 'vhich, b~ t:he w·ruy, St. Patrick's has Hs sha!re. Tlhe va,r ious. spe1aker:s: showeld exp~erien:ee and ea:se, a1s. well as the resu lt of th:e good t.r~:ining th:ey 1~eceive frv•m their· Moderator Brother Sher1dan. The music was exceptional. ly gotod. Program.: Opening~ Aiddress:, E:. Dunne; ''Life of '\tVashingt.on Irving," L. WaH; Vi·oHn1 So,lo, F '. O~:urteT' ; "Tendencies of the lVloder'n Stage," P. McCia,f fery; Recita.rtion, 0. Merz; Piano Solo, M. Wilson; VaudevHle Sele1ct.ion, "Wanted -a M·a le Cook," W. Roy, D·. Udcll, :M. Spit.z, and: G. Kelly. 1
One of the praic ticaJ results of the Retreat recently held in the College " ras the organiza1tion of the "Ho·c iety of the Holy Name of Jesus," in wh1ieh all t:h e srtud~nts fron1 the dignified ~enior to the care-fr'e e :Minim enrolled their !~antes. It was indeed a very auspicious occasion for introducing this so1ciety into the Oollege, a·s the stJude~nrts, having made a guod Ret.r eat, were wo,r thy tb enUst themselves under the ban: neT of this 'vid~spread organjzation. Surely, the end of this soe1ety, to instd.H g,reart::e r venerartiolllJ and! love in the hearrts of Caitholics for the nall.ll!e of Jesus, " "'i ll be 'furthered by the a·c-
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to it,s fold of s:o many Oa.tholie young1 m·en, who a,r e willing to propagate its wor~. · . An election· was held, according to the regulath)USI gov-
erning the society in this country. Mr. F. Cleary ·was elected President. Mt. G. Bergan, Secretary, and Mr. J. Fitzgerald, Treasurer. Under the guidance of such able o:ffice1rs and' .eon.s:cientious young 1neu as1 W·e:re chosen, the soeiet~ cannot but grow and prosper and: prorve an important factoll'" in cottnlbartim1g t1h e ervils of tJhi:s t-wentierth century.
· St. Thomas' DH~, Tuesday,, Mareh -7th, wa1s fittingly observed' by the .Seminaa~y Departmte nt. A. specia~ mass was; of-
fered up in the morning in honor of the great saint and scholar of the Thirteenth century who did so much by his sanctity of life and scholarly attainments to correct the evil influences at work during his tirne .
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. T1le T'heoiog1ians enjoyed' a holid.1a~ in honor of the g~reat St. Thomas, which they fittingly brought to a; el'osre by an entertainment to the Oollegja,t e Dle palr tJnenrt ,. in the .CoHeg;e , Auditoriun1. After a very cor!dia,l address of welcom.e: by J\1r. 8amuel Libert, s~e·ver1a:l eloquenb dis!s:e!rtatioTIJs. upon the var. ipus .s.ide~ of St.. Thomas' eharacter were given, noteworthy a,m bng which W 'f iS, 1\11r. O!larernce Oonwary'.s. just appreciation of St. T'homasP g1~e:at' work i.DJ th!e Tlheo 1logjc~ai field. Brothers Sher1dan and Plante, with their musical instru1nents tuned in a.c cord with th:e intellectual :flig'ht.s of the va,r iousi sp.e akers, produced the harmonious s;train.s~ which vvere caught up by the Quartet and sent forth in the beautiful )lymn. compv·S:e d by . St. Thomas himself, the "Tantum: E;r go." A fitting background was thus ·laid out for the pr1in.eipal feature ·v·f the progratm1, :aJ defense of the doetrine o:f the "Divinit~y. of Ohris;t " by Stephen M1dMJahorn a1 g:adnst fou1.; of his fellow theologians wh\OJ skillfully defended: the RationaHs:t ic view of this most important doctrine. l\tf.r. MclVIahon, aft.e r deliverin~ a: Dogma,t ie lecture on the divinity, in which he show·e d himself well versed in EtXegeties1, success,f ully refut~ed the most plausible and convincing arguments which h~s. resourceful opp0nents could advance. After an O'Donnell, an O~Brie~·, a Munsch and' a Slierida.n had been vanquished, the
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able ,disciple of St. Thomas retired, ha,v ing displa;yed a: thorough know ledge of the 8c·ri ptur€sl, a skillful in terrpre:t a1ti on of sacred texts a,n d, rema,rkruhle acumen in a,nsiVirering objections.
On Sunday evening, ·~1a.rch 12, , the Lajoie French Society entertained an it,s 1nea:nbers and S evera,l invited: guests. The music room where the entertad.run:e nt took pla.c e 'vas tastily decora,t ed with the college colors, the old gold and purple. A subs!t a,n tial spread wa,s e.n joyed by a,ll; after which ciga1r:s were pasls.ecl around and while the 'vhite clouds of smoke were arising .a nd satiling about the , room an interesting a,rid inst,r uctive program of sp,e eches and n1us.ic wa.s rendered. E iVery one on the proglr'anJ: deserves to be highly praised for his sue- . .cess. M. Ell der Soulign;e maide :h imself tl1e repl~esienta;tive or'a.tor of the s:Oeiet;y by his s:chola.rly s1peeeh. The entire suecHs:s otfl the evening is dUJe a1lmosrb whollY' t0, ~1 .Rall ph Le,g ris. Tille .program foll?,WSI : "M a1·tre d e · Ceremon1es . " . .· . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . H a,rr1.s: .. A . . D arc h. e "Le P ere La}Oie . . " ·.. ..... ... ,.... ............. R· ::\ev. l\lf 1.n. T'. · D ugas "Mes E:Xperiences dans le Francais" ... ·..... Joe M. La,r eau Cfha,nson- "L,a Vis[:on de Ste. Oecile'' ~ ......R.ev. E. L. R.i va;r d "La jeunesse .d !aujourd 'hui" .. ·........ ... Rev. J. E. Belwire "Le but du Oercle" .. ........ ... ,........ .' ....E il der J. Soulig'ne "'Solo de Piamor' .. ,. ·:· ..... • .. ·I·.,.. ~ ~ .. ·'·.·.. r.Geraifld Picard "'Le fra1n cais d'oojo:ufld 'hui" ...' ....... R,ev. J. P. 0'~1ahoney "Remarques'' .. ,.. ,.... ,... ·-. -............. :R,ev. ·J . V-. Rheams "'Lre Cerde de eette annee'' .... ... :.. ,.... R.ev. J. D. -Laplante 1
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The short stories . orf the m:w jority , of our worthy exchanges a1re ain ything but high-ela,ss: fiet.io.n. We do not expect a ma,sterpi~~e frlolln the "twinkling sta1r:s.," who write for college nla.gae;i:p.e:s, but we· do expect a well const.r ucted pl0't. We do not expect: the de:s1c.:riptions oif a "George Elliot.," but. . 've demand rewdable, e lea·r descriptions. Nor should twenty · or more characters figure i.n a story of ab1out six hundred w·0rd.s. Thes1e s1torie:s: ( pa1rdon use of the word "story") a:r e quite ha,rn1les.s1, however, it would· be 'veil · if ee:nsorrs would exercis1e the:il" een:s1o ria1l po,ver and a1lso the 'va1s te basket mor'e frequently. Th.e Univ·e rsi.t y of Ottafi.Da Revi.ew in portra~ing Scott's wo.n len holds thm··e is not one: true Oatholie heroine d espite the fact tha,t Mary, Queen of Scorts, figures in his1 wo·r ks. Benefits of adverti:s ing is1 a plea1 for that n:o t ne:gle·c ted e lement of money-making schemes. The inflLlent:e of Catholicism on E:nglisih lit:era1ture proves1that w ha:te:ver is pure, holy, · high, noble and eleva:t ing in literature is; due to the influence of Oart:holieis,m. The Collegian. of St. Ma:r y's1, Oakland, Ga:l., teems with p!oert ry, essa;ys, wit a:nd humor. . T'he editor:s1o.f this active college paper deserve pr~ais:e for the: s·e·l ection and literary workmanship of the vwrious a1rt.icles found the,r e,in. Drainat,ic a,r t is cou.s.i dered in an instructive paper on Henrik Ibsen. Tlh e ·w omen cha,r aete!r ls of Ibs1e n's clrarna:s1 are free and' inde:p-end,ent; ma,r ria:ge a1 m. m~el fot•Inla!l ity; loiVe a: naituT'al instinct and per.sona.l freedon1 is· their happines:s:. Th:e w·r it,e!r sh0 WS this to be the undercurrent of Ibsen's fen1ale · cha~ra.cte1r : s. Ibsen was .a~n idea:Ji.s.t:, n:ever a 1norwlist, tod:a~ he would be clasHed in the ca,t e!g pry of Modernists. The moral of the "Doughnut" is: apt, some people s:ee spots where· orthers1 see stars. The editorials a:re the principal feait.ure ·0,f a college paper. Th.e OoUegiarn understand-s. 1
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It is retally a; pleds1u re to criticise a1 paper like the Fleur De Lis) of St. Louis Un.iver1sity, Poetry, .not doggerel is found gra1eing its. bright pages1. "Is Sb!ruke1s pea1re'' delves intof the cause:s why the masterpieces of the English language might ll!Oit hmve been: ·writt.eflli by- the man "Shakespeare." Shakespeare wa1s a man of low trustes, of anti-lite.r'ary habits, unknown to Lond,)n ·s ociety. Northing, mor-e unlike a1 great dra .. tnartist?s life could: be co:neeived. Whittier says Shakespeare never wru~te the plays; Sir Eldwin Dnrning-Lauren,ce, in his new book, coin.eides1; Mark 'Tiw arin. laJughedi at ther idea~ ; Lord Palmerston, Lioii'd Houghton, Samuel T ary lor, Coleridge, 1
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sure he did not . write the pla~s. The article is. instructive and is fuH of inform.mtion. "Shakespearian Speak the Speech" is a le!::son to orators, "would-be orators, people who feel they are orators, orators in pot~ntia," and above all to ,·,a~we-rat:orsr." P:eo'ple ha;ve an idea1, the writer says, that a. man n1ust be pos.s.esse:d1 of large, g'rasping,. overpowering hatn dsl to take hold of his1hearerrs b~ their s:c alps and· t.o d.r ag them into .carpi tulatliorn, in other w:ords1, s:wee:ping gestures ; tha·t he must stamp his fe.e:t; tos~s~ his head·, rev0.Jve his body; andJ of co~u:rs~e hei must be ?- .maiSsive person. At.l·a .ntean shoulders. No, this is no:t required to be a.n orator, to con. vince. T'h is is the idea. . in lesst- eultivated1section:s~ of the country. The orator needs a: simple, persuas;ive, euncise, pleals:ing and e0.nv:in:eing ma,nner,. Our St.. Louis friend thinks so ; an versed in the a,r t concur in his view.s. Lack of space forbids mentioning the many other fe,a tures of this. paper. 1
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"Psychology of an Elxamin.art ion" is the ta.le of ar young philosophe·r, in the Loretto .Mag-azine) of Nerinx, Ky., who possessed a1 ·t"emJalrkable memory. H:enee, datily · recitations. were nogleeted, for oou.Jd . not the five months work ·be well gr.a;sped.J by two da~rs ''plug1gingi' b~fore the semi-annua1l eocam\S '? Don, the philosopher in question, did make good, but afterwarda remembered "that a lit.t le philosophy inclines m·e n's . minds to Atheisl:liU, but de.p th. in philo1S:0phy leads · them bad\: t:o God'." · "Pieace he Strill," ru beautiful poem by Bal bus, breathes a religioiU.s atiDo1spherr e, elevating~ thouglhts. allld clothed ill! choice la~ngu,age. B·a Jbus is no novice in the art of writing po.etry. · "Lyric Poetry of Irelalll:d," in the Labarrunt) is a co1npre-
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ltensive air ticle and deal.s with. n1any ,of the Lyrieal product1ons of EJrin's best poets. . Of the 1nany enum·e~r:art. ed, Gerald Griffin, Rev. ~F'ran:eis S. O"Mahoney and· Oannvn. Sheehan are given aJ plaice. While the aibove- three mentioned. wrote lyrical poetry, yet are they not known· best as CJ.ovel,isrts;? The article is intensely interes1ting not onl:y to lovers. of Irish lyrical poetry but to an loveT'S of poetry. "A_n Itail ian Journey" de1scribes a visit to Europe and an audience with Pope Pius:. "Ventures iw Drea.m.s" is a neat esHay and shows: us the mam..y ventures grea1t writers made in dreaLI11;land. Dante's dr1eam, the writ.er thinks, wa,s caused by pondering too much and allowing his over-W'rou.gh t hnagina tion to dwell upon thoughts of his lady Bleatrice. Still, I believe no man could dream~ if dream it w:aiS, a,s Damte did. No man saw so many things, rela,t ed SIO' much the result of a dream. "About a Little B'ook" is the story of the "Imitation." The stori.e s have well developed plots and hold' the reader's interest throughout. ____+___ 1
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Rosemary, or Life and! Dearth, by T. V. Huntington, 525 pages, lr2 m~ o., $1.00. P. J. Kenn:edy & SQIThS) New York and Philadelphia!. We feel suTe that .our £aJthers and mothers will be glad to he1a r thart:J "Rose:inia:r y" whiclh w:a1s a favorite a,ud much disCU1S·s:ed' novel when they w·e re bOIJS and girls, has been brought out in an at,t.r'alct.ive., ne·w and cheap edition by P. J. }\enned;y & Sons. A copy haiS been received b~ us, which, we confess, · we r 1eatd with much, thoru,g h s·on1ewha,t disg:D;i~ted, pleasure. We do not wonder thart the last generation enJoyed this s.trange work, for, d.esrpite its faJUlts, which honE;sty cvmpels us to ·sa~y are m1a1ny rundi glaii'ing, the s~tory is exciting and int:er:esting ~ a1 n d a1 strang,e atmosphere of my•stt~ry p.ervades1 it . throu:ghou t, and we feel sure thart the presen.t generatiOOJ: will de·r ive much amusement and endoyment: from it,s: p.erus!a1l. We w·e re almo:s t remrpted intto writing a:n exhaustive criticism of this novel of .a1pa1st ,amd gone generation, with ru view to airing s.om·e view~ on nO!Vels in general and the Oatholic novel in
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pa,r ticulmr, but space does not permit, s;o we must keep these views to ·o urselves until SIOme larter igsue. The chief fault t.o be :£ound with the prres:ent edition is that · it conta1ins some typographical e~ro~·,s which might have been arvoided through more ca1reful proof reading, ·s u.c h as di.sac~ompanie:d for disappeared, profouse for prolfus;e ·o~n p. 45, a.neles for ankles on p. 219, R.ost for Hose o:n p. 400, and one 01r two more which ·we failed t.o mark. P. J. Kennedy & Sons are to be commended for the:ir enterprise in bringing out this vld ~avorite again. ________+________
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The fir1s t step to~rards1 filling the niches1in the n11a1in corridor of Mar- ~ sile Han wa:s taken on l\1arch 7, when a beautiful statue . of St. Thon1a,s. of Aq uin was pia1ced; in one of them. This1 statue is the generous gift1 of the Rev. .Tho'S. :F'. Quinn of E~eret.t, Ill., a1n d is1 arn extreJnely ha;n dsmne exa1nple of the s~cu1ptor)s art. It stands1 six feet hi@h, and' ad~l~s1 greaHy to the appearance of the €mt.rance eo,rridoT' of ~1:arsile Hall. Fa.ther Quinn's generosity has, set the exaJnple :£o,r others and the1re are ah'ea:dy promises of bvo 1nore s.t a,t.ues which \vill le:ave on-ly one more niche to be filled. THE VIATORIAN on: behalf of the college tenders sincere!St tha.n ks t.o Father Quinn fo~r his1 kindnes,s; and munificence.
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BlABKEITIB i.f\JLL. St. ·Vriator, 33; St. B:eJde, 21. On F'ebruary 2·4 the hitherto invincible St. B.e de basketbaH t10S,s1e rs1, sulf fered tilreir' fir's't defeat in four yea:r s at the hamd~s of the lo:caJs1 . The . Va·r sity were prin1ed' for th~· ba,t tle which, although plmyed on ru sn1a:ll, s,t.raln ge floor, resulted in ~ gloriouS! triuJnph. St. Bede ha1s: had: a gr'ea:t r:eputation1 of foiur yewrs of victories, a1n d St. Viator isi indeed to ·. be praised for their splendid victorry. The. plu:e k and dertie1rminati0n to o;verthrow their haru.ght~ ery wa,s written upon the alctions. of eve1ry St. Vi,a,t or pla~yer and: we:ll did the pluck count. The tea1m worrk was exC'eUent and the paiSISies s:ariled through the a,i r with lightning rapidity and truest wim. The brunt of victo1ry faH1s upornJ F'is!chetr, who has pla(Yed a cwlibre of the ' ba1skerthaU art diu ring the 1S1ea:s on thart ha1S1 been the .source · of gre~.t il.idm,i rla,tionJ t.o the fa1 ns. The ,sumim ary best s;hows his, .perform.ance. "Fish" wa1S1. tihe "1na:n of the hour" a:nd' chalked up t,wenty-five well ne1eded1 units' to the score. l\1oynihan was1 aJll orver the :floor, his srpeedi <l'a~z,ling the Peru lads', while KissanJe towered! orver the fatr famed Mollla:g han to the -extent t.haiJ nort aJ ba1sketJ w:als corra1Ued'. The gaa:ne will live long, in the memory of S. V. 0. students a1n d!. st.a;n1;ps, the Va.r,s ity as; one · of the best qudnt:ets1in the starte. Lineup: St. Bede, 21! !St. Viator, 33. R. F. P:roeiSel Moynihan L. F. Monaghan FischeT c. . Walsh Fitzgemld R. G. Kts.sane 'Mc!Oann L. G. Goyne Cleary ' Field g.oals: lM ioynihan ( 2), Fischer ( 9), Fitzgerald ( 2), Pr.o esel ( 6), M e~Ca nn ( 1). Fre·e ~throws: F ; s·c her ( 7), McCann ( 7) . · Refere·e : Stewa·rt. Umpire: Jacobs. Timers: Hendert and Gordon. Scorer: Do em ling. Time halves: 2 0 min. S~.
Vi:art)Oir, 51; Stl. JoSiep:h, 6. For the se:condJ time this ~eals!On St. J ose:p h caane out s:e:cond besrt wdth the Va;r1sit~. The' class. of baH they ventured to pla,y was fa;r below the brillia;:rit variety and' no trouble: 'va,s :'·
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encounte,r ed in wall?ping1 thetm. The run:arw.a y '\>Vas n()t very exeitin:g,, giving1 the lo,ea,l s n<Ything: m\C~r'e thatill a1 good' practiee g-a.1n1:e. The visitoTs ,s eem·e d tJOI su.ffe1r f~{)(J])J the lack of two condiments, ginger and peppeT, . and1 tih· ei~ only field gval ca,m e nea;r the finish. on ai fluke. Fischer' allld \F'i tzgera,l d pla~·ed their usual shining g~m·e. · Gordon and' C1ea['y being peTfection on the defens1e. Lineup: :St. Viatocr-, 51. Moynihan Fis,cher F'i tz.geral d Gbrdon Cleary
St. J osep:h, 6. R. F. L. F.
IC. R. G. . L. G.
M·ortan Grathwal Fiely · Carmody . Harrison
Field goal:s: !Moynihan ( 5), Fi ,s cher ( 9), Fitzgerald' ( 9), Fiely (1). Free throws: Fischer ( 5); F iely ( 4). Referee: Reed; Umpire: Ja·c obs. Timers: Legris and We·b er. s ,corer: .Regan. Time halves: 20 min.
St. ·viartor, 29; DePaul, 17. 'l"·wice in the san1e1place wa,s. what the Varsity handed t o DePaul. On 'lVl:aa:·c h 4 they ·played DePaul a, return game at DePaul and cttn1e out on top to the music of 29-17. The lo ~ ca.l s played the s'a1ne steady article as of yore and this coupled wjth Moynihan's gritty work and' Capt. Fitzgeratld's,. point getters ga:ve us our s:e cond victory over the, North Side s chool. Lineup: I
DePaul, 17. St. Viator, 29. R. F. Leffert Moynihan L. F. O'Donnell Fischer c. Fitzgerald Potter R. G. Kissane Ward L. G. Cleary Kolb Field goals: LMoynihP.n ( 3), F 'i scher ( 2), Fitzgerald ( 7), Leffert ( 1), O'Donnell ( 3), Potter ( 2). Free throws: Ftsc:her ( 5), Leffert { 5). Referee: Withers. Umpire: J a.c obs.
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T·h e few warm daf.YSI O'r s1prin@ weaibhel'" rvtnnd the ca1ndidates for the baseball team .a,s,sen1bled on Be:r gin Field. Thus far only batting_pra,c tice hais: been i_ndulg.ed in and the s.v\ringers of the bludgeon are s:e nding the little five ounce, nine inches fa·r into: the field. The S'q uad hacs been reduced eonsid-
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erably a:nd the following, ha;ve been ·showing the best .:for1n: 0 'Gonnell, Lynch, E:. Quille; Wa,r ne;r , HarTison, :B"'itzgeraJd, San1rnon, McDonald', A. Quille, Helta,, SaiVa:r y, Dunn, nfoynihan, Doe!m ling, Legris, Kelly, L~ e !inen, Duffy, Welch. The schedule - is n ewrly con1pleted and will be published in the April nu-m ber. 1
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T'HE' JUNIORS. The maillne~ r in which the Junior:s ha,v e taken . to ba,s eball pra,ctice speaks :much for the seais on ahead. of the1n . T'he~y a1re a ll working hall'd, and the s:quad is very pl~onlising, so m'Uch so, thalb indieat,i ons point; to the fa.c t tha,t they will have o.ne of the best, if not the be:s't Junior te,a,In. in yeairs. At, home g~J11es will be played eve,r y Su~1day with the best, teaills in the vicinity and nothing but victories: a~re · e~xpe1cte:d. Tlhe followingi are the 111os:t pron1j.s.ing': Capt. Sullivan, ,vVysocki, W.a'r ren, O'Neill, K~lih:er) Os1t:roski, l\1,eG~ e:ei, Riche1rt, L. ~!' or tell, Kekich, l\1. O'Conm:n·, Gea;ren, Raven, Kelly, Shea, Ga,r tland· and "Whirl wind" Pedro Zorilla,. The Juniors:' bagkethwll sehson just clos,e d wais a successful one. They 1net clefea,t at the ·-hands of -P aln1er Parks; a,t Chicago, and though defeated put up a lightning exhibition. They were treated ro()rally and wish to tha,n k the Pahne:r tean1 for the spre:ad and splendid spirjt .sho-wn. They closed the sea,son by d efeating the H!an1 ilton Pa~rks 24-17. · 'r'H E', MINI:MtS. The l\!Iinims harve jus~t comp,l eted their best basketball . year. l\!Ieeting1 only one defe1a1t .and that att the ha,ncls of' a teaJn o,f giants. They have defe-a,tecl the best fives 'Ohiea.go and surrounding~ to-w ns could produce. T'he P'a,l m·e r Pwrks., the best tean'1 of its size in Ohic-a,g·o was clowned' a, second. time: ·o n 'iVa~ shington's bi'r thda.y, in an overthne contest, 19-18, givin~ the Minhn·s a: deftr title to the 90 pound championship of the 1net:ropolis. T he :M.ininliS: also d'elfeated' H.a:n1ilton Pa1rk tvirice by scores of 18-12 and 30-14. And on Ma,rc:h 12 they ended their cha,i n of victor,i es by defea,t ing St. l\tfels. 33-14. The eredit for building such ru ·wonderful little n1a:c:h ine goes to Bro. St. Aubin who in season and out of season is always working in the l\!I:inin1',s interest. He posses£.es1 the happy 1
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fa~culty
of producing winners in every line of $.t hletic endeavor. N a 1na.t ter how light the foo-t baH squad, ho\v sm.all the ba!Sket shooters : or how p_~s:eourruging the brus·ebaH prospect.s , yetl there .~hva;ys comesi ·forth a . ehampion team. ' rrhe Minims are a credit to athleties .a1t ,8t. Virutor's a rn d will ahva.ys: reinain so as long a tS th eir eoa;c h is with them. Besides the fi;r'Srt _squad the Minimg had ru leaig ue amd 1nailly thrilling gan1e:s were pulled off. A banquet wa.s tendored the M1nilns by the league a1n d it will .suffiee to s:a1y tb,a,t all enjoyed the banquet as, much a;s the league rwce, a.nd tha,~ S•a.y ing a whole lot. The re.sul t woa.s :
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W. L . Dillon ........ ....... 11 6 Hoyle : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7 :K!ane •.......•..•..• 9 8 Loyd . . ... .. ... ...... 4 11
Pet. .647 .533 .529 .266
The MiniJ.ns b1~0rught their succ:ess.ful ba.sketha,ll season to a · fitting close with a1 nice little banquet in their own reereartion ha.ll, during1 which an the ba.t tles of their busy seas:o·n were foru:g~ht aU over aig ain. Rev. Bi··o. St. Aubin, G. S. V., presided aJnd cail led on the captains of ail the leag11e t.eams to speak. Fitzgerr arld, cavtain of the first team related ho1w it \Vats through the untiring efforts of their co:a,ch, Bro. St. Aubin that they had annexed: the cha:1n-pionsthip of Cook and Kankakee counties. G. Kane, J\1. Dillon, Lloyd a·n d Boyle a:ll re:Viewed the sueces1s of the b:a1sketba.ll league and tendered their thanks to Bro. St. Aubin for his never faHing inter est a:nd untiring eff.o rts in their behatlf. JVlr. John Kissane wh\} vva;s pres;e nt as an honored guest told how the coUeg-e tean1' won the srt.ate cha:m.pd.ons:hip by defeating Millikin. Rev. W. R;e millard, 0. S. V., Rev. J. MaguiJ>e, C. S. V., R.ev. J. V . . R.heam~ s and V. R·ev. J. P. 0'1\fahone~ als1o spoke, Fa,t her 0 ":i\1:ahoney's remarks bringing a most enjoya:ble €-'Vening to a close. THRIU A! KNOTH'OLEL r.Dhere remains hut one more baiSkethall c01ntest for the Varsity. On Ma1rch 13 they will journey to Decatur and battle with the_ charn:piocn; Millikin University five. MiHikin has just won the state title by defea.t ing the fa!S~test coUeges1in the state, and a1 victory for the Vatr~sity " rill cerbadnly mean the
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. champions.h ip. The team is in the best of condition and f1~om their past shawjng~ should send Milli_kin into the second cahin. The return of "Bert" 0" Connell ha·~ grea.t ly ·strengthened the ba,s.e ball squa.ld. Bert's' pitching. a1r1n is in good sha.pe and it will be a ~~ource of much joy to' see the 1nighty stickers of Notre DaJne, Mrurqu1ertrte,. Arkans1a s1 a.n di othe:r:s . take three hea,I thy whiffs art the circun1a1nb~ent ath1nosphere with "A'l b" twirling his "nlyst;ery" baH.
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You will have to hand i-t· to the Philosophers. Beside:S be:lng the elite of the college ws regards .s.t udent activities, they now daihn. the prowe:SJs in athletji c events. Two clas-s teams had the a.uda.ei(y to dis,p ute the,i r baislce:thaH championship a.nd met with dire re,s ults. The Philosopl).ers, took the Forurth High into carmp 38-18 · andJ trounced the Sophon1ore,s, 47-13.. No othe'r cla,s.s~ ha,s com.e for:th with a chaUenge a,n:d the ·Philosophers'. are still undefeated. · · T'w o more Vai:J:'S'i ty baseba.ll s~tars. ha,v e follo·wed "Eddie·" Sta,c k to the south. "AI" M'cCatrthy, the dashing short,s,t op of 08-09 left to joon the Pira,tes. · ''Al" had a, very suceessful sea.so:QJ with South Ble nd la,s t .yea,r and Pitt.sburg ivast inde,e d fo·rtunat.e to land him . . "Louie'' Ba.chant has· a]S'o left· to join Des Moip.es, wher:e for the lru~t two s:u.mttners1 he! haSJ don ~: herr oic work T1o both we wish evety success 'a nd a;r e ·confident they will uphold Alma: Mart:er! <)1n the cliatinorid. . •
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. Never were ,there two 1n.ore excitin~ basketball c-ontests thati thos:e betwee1n the· "Thi1~d\ O~rridor AH Sta;rs" and: the . "Sem.s." After tw:o 'fu:ritNJJS< and hO.tly ba,t tled struggles: the "Sem1s " su.c cumbed to the "All Strursr' 34-14 a.nd 14"11. dap~ tain "Shot" Flynn for the victors1 c~·rtainly deserved the hon()r conferred upon him. of the capta;i ncy and also the title o.f "shot" for his work in both gwmes. '\Jta~l little short of s.ensationa.I. Bes.ides1 pivoting the t e~aJn he short from aill angles: of the floor, hi,s. counters eoming art. crucial n1on1ents, and s.taying defea.t . Sammon at gt!.·a:rd was. a: whirlwind, ·pia~ing a speedy, yet gentle game ·a,lll:cr keeving . h1s ·opponent .s:cor'eless. The whole teatm\ worked :a s 8J unit and linen p as follO'\V.SI: Bergan and Quille, forwa1rds.; ,Flynn, center; Kenny and Sanlmon, guards. The bas:e baU diamond is being put into the best of eon-
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dition Q'Y Mgr. Cle,UJry. The spirit of helpfulness which th.e students a1re. shorvving, sp·e aks much for the .s ucces·s of t.his year'.s tean1. ·T!h e team is light and' must have backers: to ·· help' in the victories. Unless .ru little n1.o re interes.t is, ma1nifes:t ed in track, athletics, St. Viator, wiH haiVe to go without' a represe:nt,wtive team this spring. Tra1c k a,t hletics. arr e just at81 essentiaJ. to aJ. college as o~ther sport:s1, and there is .no reas.o n why St. Viator should not eoccel in tb.i,s1.s1p ort... There is: su~rely plenty of ma,teriaJ., aiildi the faic ulties are unexcelled, · yet it see,m.s tha.t nothing of real: worth is arc eompUshed. · It is up' to the stu- . dents to push this matter~ Show 3J little .spir~t, take the initia,t ive, and~ let 1911 be the first yea.r of a track team.
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The curtain iS' sh:}w1y. lorwering on the .s cene of the basketbarV srtrife,SI and· s~tuggles'. But one more game remains. T:r ue it is tha,t this year's, quintet, was the best thart ever was in a,ctian atb St. Viator. ' fhis yea:r's · argg;regation fa;r excelled ba,sketbaH teams of formelr darysr. They are deserving of the greatest praise, and! will a il ways be remembered. But what wa:s it tha.t made this' team of such a lofty calibre? The anS'w·e~r might, be found' in n1Hny thing'~s, but the best ans,w er is · "T'h e Scrubs." It was the "Scrubs?' that made this five the best ever at the colleg:e : Tlhey harve worked every ..evening, ta1dng .t heir hard knQleks, eocerting thems1eJves,, srtaying a~wa:y from study and pleasure, and fO'r w hart ?' They are .n ot patted on the ba,ck, nor do their namers appeatr in big type as sta,r s, no mon01gramed ·swe{lter coats adorn their per$;on, · t,hey a~re soon forgo1tten; their only reward is. in the Va1rsity's victorieK It is the "S.eru,b s" who d:ese·r ve praise, they aJ:"e the ones who s'h0ruid be lauded, they a,r e the Olll·e!S' for whon1 nine rahs and a tiger should be emitted. "Honor to the S.c-ruhs !"
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, 'fH:Ej SPINE!L,EISS ,M 'A N. He :r-oams the world 'with hunted' look, With wandering] step a1udJ actioflll; I.s neut.r-a,l when he's' brou~ht. to book'T1aik.e s sides with neither faictio:q. . .
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He quite agree'S the day is fine, · . Or, ·should yoUJ sug:ges~t the br:e1eze B-espeaksi the touch of · .A!rctlk · c11me, He readily agT·ees:. H:ers jus,-tJ too late, when frvnl his1 d·09F' R.e,l uctant to depa~rt, "Opportunity," with gifts: galore Seeks: out a .s touter hewrt.! , . He sadly heeds: ru jolt, or shock Frpm au elec~·ric buzzer. . fie fe:a ,r s he ma,y be a "ha,sl been," But in truth's a "neve1r was:seil~."
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-Robert Ross.
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LOCALS -"Well Sir!" -The t01p 01f the ml0irn:i:n gl t:o you.! 1
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- ' Tlis! ·w:eill, herwalre of t.hel ide1s ! '
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-"My lord, al ploitl h.a1s· been fo1rU11e d' to ba,ffie your extren1e
highnesJS !''-"vV:ould' that it wer:e not tru·e1!" .,
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-"B;o.n' Bos:co, I cong;ri{Ltularte you!" - (Joe, :aill ,.e xcit,e dl) -"Look at thwtJ s:igm, H . 0., S'h.a:ve 15e !" "Ge1e, COli ne oiJlJ Jakel!"
-"AJ golold ly; tfm:el had 've1, had 1
Vire"-'\'\re, we!
-Peevy. G·ete, I'm hot, Redi! Red-B'etJter loio k out, for the1 sp-ring~ fever.
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-"You're my friend aiini t you Frank ?-Say halVe you got amyt~ing, to: eart ?'' - (Another, on the 11th) -Oih, Frank! - Oan.-I have a piece of ribbon, I' 11 pa;y yoiUJ baJek? -8011-Horw d'OI yoru! telephone, f01r iee-warter? J oe--ClaH the gu~ up, i~s the best way ! >
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-"Meet me falce to faC'e''-Tbm. -Wanted !-"Nillle huskE?, . stalwa1r t .am;d. experienced, for my orioles''-Ooach' F'lynn. -Oh, Brother! "I'm arwfill sick 'F' parpell'l?''
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-T. G.-"Say John, 1do; they chaJrge -e.,~t.rw ~o .s leep o;ver, here?" J. B. K.-"Yes, they·do, if you .s leep over nigpt.
-''Altoisrt''-"I can read: the n01tes, but sound?''
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do you get the
followin~ 1\!Iinim's. camp~JJSI :
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tea1r-stained. 1nasterpiece was found on the . , . "Alas! Poor thing he's' gone! No ba1rks1, no:v h:orw1s: he sig1l'd; But left us., noble son, Ill! pe,ace, may he ail)1de. Now th1s is all tod1a:y, And read it e!V'ry • one, 'M.ona,r ch 'vilir dog Mona::t:·ch H·e'.s ·left, for kingdoin eorne' ..''
- Since spring ha1s made her; 3,ip pearance the· editoTial sanctum ha!Si been overflowing witih poertic utterances, hence this: "A fishy oldJ P,.sher named' ·Fisic her F1shed :fish from: the edge o:f a/ fis:s ure, But a1 c:od, with a1grin, Pulled this :fishermari1in, Now we're :fis:hi:r;tg the :fissure for Fis1c her." "Fish."
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TH;El VIATORIAN ~·<
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"Hullltin@ bw '-'M oonlight"---,By T. Q. Il. ·with illustra~tions by F. M
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. ''F 1i'v~ y~ ~a~s in Pla1ri~' ~or ."Hlorw to inalsrter the French langiuage.''-By R:. J. O.'L. "As I .saiW It"-By •
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HOLY FAMILY ACADEMY Beaverville, Illinois Boarding School, llig~ School and -Elementary Grades Prict! $15.00 Pt:r Month
Annex For
~ittle
Boys Age 5 to 12 Years.
Address Mother Superior