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Sr. VIArrEUR'S ·CoLLEGE JOURNAL LECTIO CERTA PRODEST, VAUIA OELECTA'l' . Seueca.
VOL. VII
BOURBONNAIS GROVE. ILL. SATURDAY, May 171890. WESTiVIINSTER
(II"
AB BEY.
" Th e Southern Transept, hard ly kn o wn by an )' othe r name b ut Poet's Corrwr. " -Dea n Stanley. Tr.·a d softly here; th e sncred es t of to ml1s Ane tll ose that holcl your poe ts. Kings a nct queens Are facile acc idents of Time a nd Cbance. C han ce se ts tllem on the I.Jo!ights, t hey climJ, r.ot there ! Bot he who from t il e dnrkli11g mass of men Is on the wing of heavenly tllou g ht up born e T o lim r et her , n.nd beuo rn es a vo ice For a ll t he voice less, God a nn o interl !Jim ; Hi 6 n~m e f hal l be a s tar, hi s g rave a sbr iP e! Tread softl y he,·e, in si le nt re ve r e nce t.read. B Pnent h Llwse m a r b le ce notap hs a JHi urns Li eR ri c he r .lust tlla n eve r natm·e bi ct P. •c ked in t:t e mountnin' s adamn.ntin e heart ,Ot· ,_ ;y ly wr: tpt in unsuspected sa nd Tile dross ut e n toil to r, o fte n ,.;tains th e son !. H"lV vn in a nd a ll ig noble seems that greer! T " him wh " sta n r:s in thi6 dim clois t er'ed a ir W'ith these most ~ac r e d as hes at ltis feet? Thi s du s t WHS C hau ce r, S pe nse r , Dry den this T hl'l sph rk th<tt o nce illume ci it lin ge rs sti ll. O'e ver-ha ll owed s ~· ot or Englis h ea rth ! rr t he uoleas be<:l a.nrl h1t ppy s ptri t o r mau fh ve t>p tion to rev is it ou r fo ul g lo he, . What august s hnd es at midni g!1 t here uo n vene In tbe mi rac ulou s ~ ess ions uf th f' mrHm. Wlt e n t he g re11.t pulse of Lon do n f:Jintly throb s, And om~ by one t,h c sta rs in henv e n pa.e !
- Thos. B ailey Aldrich, in Atlanlw Monthly
•••
LUR.D B ACO~. The .Augustinian nge has beP. n the most productive perioci of Englis h li t nnture. Origini a l ity, correct nese, a nd bri llia ncy of di ct io n c harade rize this e poc h, a n d though co rru tJt and uncon ge ni a l to the cultivati '>~ ol li terary talent, yet t his short period of six ~y years h ab p rorl uceci th~ gteatest si g hts o n ou r literary horizo n. Its a u thors have rlis phytrl a ge nius un ~urpasse d; t he ir works are the prid e of ou r li terary possessio n5, whil e
·•
~
No
1~
the dep r:ts ity u l t he t im e , ngn inst whid1 t.hey h>1d to g ua rd, a u rl w bi c: h rend e re d t he ir htb o rs m o re diflicul r, h a~ but in nea~e d th e me r it ot' tl.te ir productions. The p ue ts wet e e nthu s iastiu, full of P<Lth os, a nd remar kably imll.ginati l'e; the philoso ph e rs compre hensive, proEound a np _o ri giual ; tile p·ro6 e- wr ite rs vi go ro us, clear Rnol just, whil e tlle wvrko uf all are a n irmLte rl , buld :tnd natu m l. Under til e re igr1 of !<: Ii zab e t h, S .Jttthwe ll diect , to liv e fo re ve r iu !t is wo rks ; t he authorship of tbe "Fairi e QH ee n" jLIStly gav e tu :Spe ncer the n~ pntat i ou of be in g ••tile most luxuriant and melodiou s versifier in t he E ng lish language" Sac:k ville united t l.t e la bors or poet and s ta ~esman, and ::::l ha ks pear e •·t mtures o racle anti inte r preter'' left, in th e unb o u nded r ichness of his works. a n invaluable lega cy to posterity. The m a ny o th e r p ro minent writers of the tim e van i., hed be t; rre th e urilliant fam e oftbe imm ort11l M il to n,. anti Fra1tcb B<ICOn fitti ngly clo~es t hi s most fruit-ful pe ri o rl as an a uth or of m o r~ tha n ordinary genius, a politic ia u of no m ea n a,bility, and a philosoph e r of so me renown. F ran c is B LUO I\ UlJ\JP.ltrS :lti ~' pe r so n o r two o.; haracte rs. As a ma n he i ~ dispise d ; a~ a n a u t hor , aci lllir ccl . As n. man, he was that m os t d e t es t:tl>le of a ll be iu gs - :t f:Jl se fri e nd . Forg <~ tti ng a ll tha.L the fr ie n <b hip a nd lov e of th e Eitrl uf E ssex h,d acco mplish eci foe him , B "con des e rted hi s friend in Llle bo ur of !t is netJ ol ; '1ba ndon e ci the .h:arl wl.ten be bad i·it.llen inL o ciisg race . The boso m-fri e nd uf E~sex in hi s prospe ri ty, he beca mll Ltis foe in adversity; forgot the ill'lll.}' ubligatiO tlS he owe rl to him , a nd needless ly nppe a r e<l aga ins t him o n hi s tri a l. Nor did he sacrifh:e hi s rri e nci in vain . Tube t he enemy of Essex was to be t lH! frienclt ·f Eliza betb,a n <1 Bltco n rap iclly advanced to t he royal favor. F, 'rtu ne s mil e d u J' On hi rn, anrl he fi !l ed successi ve ly tb e <·fiLes o r K ings Co•tnsel, :::>oli citu r Gener: rl , At to rney Ge nera.!, a nd Keeper of t he G reat Be,, I. But t he ht lBity uf hi s natu re d i ~playerl itself. Whe n h8 hac\ re;tc bed the s utumi t of hi s g lo ry; when he was kn ow n as Baron o fVerul ane, Viscou nt St. A lbans, Lnrcl-Hif'h· C ha nce ll o r of Et tghnrl , lie wa s rwc usecl of b ribe t·y , c(lr,:ution , anci othe r illegal actio tt s. Desiring to avo id u. trial, he co nfes~e d Iris ? ri me, wa.s re m oved from o flk e fined, an d impr iso ne d . Thuugh t he lin e was remittul, a nd th ough r e l ea~c d nf~er a few duys impri so ntn ent , Bacon never recovere d hi s lust honor s or rep .lt.a', ion. H :1ppily , th e world kn<")\VS ~ al'On as an author. H is
106 .
~T. VIATIWR'~ VO'LJ.-~GE JOUB:t<qAL.
hig hl y edu cate d mi11rl pours upon us, thougtl his brillh m 1 wo rk ~ . thr fruit s (lf hi~ rese11rch, and he compels a. l tt !ll i<.n, a<itni rati o n. ur.d is t hu s wirlely read. By his .E ~s!l ys is lw h e~ t kn o wn to us, Hnrl 'tis sairl of them that, " thoug h ti teJ w ay be re>t<l ft·om beginning to enrl in a fe w h o nr~; y e t afr.er th e twe ntieth pel'llsfll, one ~eldom fail s to re m>ll' k in them so mething over lookerl before.'' H e nlso nppe:tr R to great. ~trlvantnge in •·Thr: Hi story of t h e H.- i g <~ of H e nry VII " •·De S>t pientin V e ternm" anr1 ••T he I~Je m e nts of t.be L~ws of Engl!!nrl ." "Dr, Augm~:-t~· t is" a nrt •• Nov um Org>t nnrn'' fo rm th e first two pnrts of the " l nsta n rati o J\ohgnfl ;"of th e other fo.ur pnrt.~ , we pos:=;ess J,ut :1. fe\V rletached fn1gment~. The Novum Organum e xplain s th e inrlu ctive methorl ofren.~on in g , and reco mm e n d ~ strong ly the use of experiments in ~t. nrly ing the l>C ie nces . V:tl'ious opinions have been form erl abou t t his last work ; som e praising-, others condt>mning it. Ce r t>~.inly the theory of induct:on was knnwn brfore, b u t we look t o R1con as the c~tuse of its almost. univrrsal ad o p tio n. Macau ley says that " though B-u:on wns n e it he r th e inve-ntor nor the tint anal y:~.ed of the indu ctive meth od, yet he gave to inrlucti.m an importance. a nrl cl ig nit y "'h ' c h htr'l nHH btf'<'lehkl~t>rltn it Baco n Cilnied his theory too fa r, however, and is fa lse whe n be bo lrls that ' ' mBn know nothing but through ex perie nce anrl o bserv}•tion ;" anrl he prilctices a fa.l -;e philoso ph y which will eventu:1 ll y lead its advocntes to m a t e ri alis m a nd athei s m. B>l.c o n i~ prominent in literature. Tbe prorlnction~ f•f a w ell -t rained m ind , rmd of the genius that resided in the ma n, ha ve renrlered him famous . A sty l<', remarkable fo r its conciseness and purity of d iction prevails through. out hi s works. His c haracteristics are neither tbe glowing fig mes of rhetoric, nor the o~tentatious rli~plny of lnnguage, but a strength and holrlness, a purity and ]Jrecisi on admirably suited to thP- strong-minderl views he sets forth . Unfortunately, it has been justly saH! of Bacon th a t. " his character was not in keeping wit.b his litent~·y merit,' ' and B9con, the lawyer and politician is not Bacon t he author and phil<•eopher. The genius whi<,h distinguish ed him even in his youth, and which was the on ly redP-eming feature of his corrupt old age, shines in his wo rks in untainted brillia ncy. The view, of the pohticiHn do no t a ppear to man the beaut.y of the author's work; a.nd the in~incerity of his public life is lost in the writings oftbe enthusiast.ic ph ilosopb('rs. B acon r:lied in 1626. He left an enviable repntiotion aH an a uth o r , hut a~ a politidan, he is rather <ieservir.g of cens ure. Had Bacon spent his li fe as an author, i)e would be admired as a p hilosopher, anrl ho>norerl as the genius be appears in his works. But he fe ll a vict.im to t he d egen e ra~y of his age, and the crimes he committed as a statesman are the more deserving of censure when fo und in ·a man of his abi l ity . His ear ly life w~ts a series
·of political triumphs, but he suffe red many re v er~es Ln hi~ old age . He enjqy ec:l Lhe bri ef tr iumph of his d eceitfu lness, only to suffPr, in the height of hi s pro~ peri t.y , its inevitahl~ reward. Knowing t hat his pub lic caree r entitled him to little estee m, yet., con sei uus Lhat hi s writings had rendered !lim fam o us, B••con commendil himself to posterity in the word s ; " for · my 1•arne a nd . memory, I lea·ve it to m e n' ~ c ha ritftbl e spe ech es, and t o foreign na.tions, and to tlte next flge.'' Ans wering in the words ol Pope, posterity ha.s Rt·.Ylee! B:tc o n, "The •dsest, brightest, mean est of mt111kind.'' Laniv. CORALS Paper read before the Miva rt Scientific Assoc iati o n
__.....
We se~ around us, Nature perfumed anrl g lowing in her dainty tints and col ors, full of the gra ndeut· and wonders of' beauty, g t·aceful in the carvings of' her fig. ures, and laughinh in th e dewy ve rdme of the fi elds · We see all this-and in it , we see the greatn e~ s , the beauty and the image, thro ugh hint, of the Cre ~ttor . It is for this reason, we look and .;tudy more de e ply t. be works of Nature thil.t strike us withadmimtionand pleasure, when we behqld and J.!erceive her many beaulilS and wonrlers. We · see t.he mighty ocenn la ughing !lncl dan c ing It runs, rolls and leaping , lmls the mighty winds to chase it. Beautifu l as this is, it is common ar.ct wholly una.ppreciate<i by n1C11 . We fin<i our gren.Lest plea~ure in cti3cove ring new things. The featb e r th a t · float' is comm< n , tile pe: r :s and mbie:< a re belo w. Therefore we mu8t clive clce p(•r for these jewe ls. Down, clown in the deep blue oen , w e dive to see nnd admire tl e works of Nature in the wo nd e rs oft be deer. Mnny are its beflutiell, but none 11101'e wunderl'ul than that which is common ly c:dled coral. The name, that is, the word it,:elt comes trom th e Greek word Korallion, meanin g i.he solirl secretion of' Zoophytes. These are produ ctions withit; tbP. tissues of polyps. Under the genera· name, coral animals, are iloclocled all the orders of the Octinozon, wl}ich has th e power of ~ecreting barrl matter of a :>keleton fo rm . We find in Geology th~tt the OC'tinozoa i:; the chief' division of the class r.a ll ed rr•di11tes. Nl w t.his M d er, that is tLe Oct inozoa, is divided into three lnmilies; the Zuanthen , the Alcyonaus and the Rugosa. To the Zor~nthen fflrr,ily, bf:'lr ng the animrds cn!led ~ea-anemones. The body of these little animals are generally of a shortcy lindrical furm, usually of a leathery consistence and capable of undergoing great vari~ttions in shape. To this f~tmily also belong the black corals and the mnjority of tL1P. coralligenous Zoaphytes .
I.
ST. V LAT EUR'S COLLEGE J OUHNAL.
107
The co r a ls of th e fiw, ily o f t h e Rugosa is fo rmed in with wnter·. Tbese rocky reeb are uf'l e n found arol!nrl islands in elear w ~1r111 water, and n s n ~ Jly d u not rise a lmos t til e s:une man ner as t hat of t he Z oantuen. I ts fo rm is ge n erally co m ica l. ' h ighe r tha n low t id e . Ttie little sea a1 <i mnls, called polpo, Ji,·e i11 vnst o:ol oni .cs T he a n imals w lli cb make t h e cor::lls or Lbe Lhinl family on tl!e boltom or elenr, shallow and tropical sens. TJ,e or Alcyon,ws, a re often fn u n1l float ing in tbe water, skeleton of these a n imals is carbo n :1te of lime tn keu whi le others ad here to ror;ks s u nke n in t he lliLll l at t h e f rom the wate r IJy lhes e _l ilt.le being>. Po l ps grow fnst e r hNtom of Lh e 1:e .t. r\ o 1e o f t.hcm howe vcr p Psocs~ t he in heary ,,li rf-li e n ce the (Httsidn of a lJarrier red growci power of i nd q e :1den t mot o 1. j iucy of t hem ex h ib it most 1:l.$ter t!Jan the i11 s ide. bea u tif u l co !ort.tion. This order IS wide ly 5prea<l in Corals n..-e ind e,Jd beaut iful, parLi~ul : lrl.)' tl1e cbinly nearly a ll t he ~~:1 s of Lhc g lobe fr o m tl,c col<li";t to the tints o l pink and rure SIIOIV wlii:t', which comrn:ltJClli igh w:trmest. Tb ey a re gen<~ rul l y l o <~ lid in sb»llow water p r ice~ in the cor:d llJ:Irkets I t: dy . Tlwse cot·:J\s ~re tbe abounding on eot·al re c r,, Lo tl1e b c:~ u ty <JI. wl!icl! till')' pride Of nnwy 1- yot111g mi ~s, who o rn:nuents b c r pcrs<Jn by decki•Jg l1er li 11ge rs nt.d cn,;i r c iing . her 11 ec k with greatly cont. r ihutc. these little wo"dc1·s of 'Nat t1re. The corn ls :I re v:•rved T he red eo r:1.h are pr inc i p ly f•Jltllil in th e !\Iedite r r:Liu to all kinds (> [' ill l l'ieate designS - iltH\ tile :t.Vernge nean, nt Jept.hs o f from five t;., six tiLLilun1s. I t is larg<~ ly youog girl of tod:1y would raUJnt' li nve CIJ r:\1 earingti so ught after, l)e ing nde d fur on~>tnlenL~I jJ urp"se~. Tl1e titan pure gold. contl is o btaiuerl by cltaggi ng in t he <ea wit h pecul iar . B eyon<l thrir gener:d u ~e :1 1\d Yalue, none or the comls give any P" rticula r . i nd nstri ,\1 im portancc, except e Dntriva. oce, w h ieh brings u p considerable b ut des t he reel or precio us c " r"l found in the red sea. T h is troy~ :1. grent dea l more. Oo t h is accou 11 t many ~;o r al being nsed on :~C:cOliiJL of ilti be:lllty for adorning the b erl:; _have bee t• ent ire ly exhausted. perso n or orname n tation i1 1 gener:d. The r eef b u ilrl in g e arn is a re us n:dly . ro u nd i n ~ h a ll ow A h out the clnwn of tile c:.ristian e r:l, euml trade WI.\$ ca r ried Otl in tL great nH·a s urc lmtwecu the ;\l e rlit e rr~ne:w water, li vi ng i n water from twenty to tW ., i!Ly.five Jec t dceJ'. T h e~e cora ls whi vh ma li:e or IJu il<l U) ritl-rcd:; re · and -I nd in, wli · ~e it. w:~s tlwu~~:ht. to possess my~te r i ous sacred properti c'. Pliny sny s, ·Lli:tt ~Je~ forc the d e mand in tn<till onl.r i11 cl im ates wllcrc t b c t e mpe r turc is 110t less Incli:t, t.Ll e Gau ls u sed to oni:IIIIC IIt their sword~ <1 11d t han (JG" F <Ll'. T h~> St"as t h us limited may be cun1pr ishelruet~, but in b is time UH'Y we re ~v rare t b ey could ed in about 180() mile:; 0 11 eiL il er <Ide o1 Lh e cqnatorW'JrCe ly he fnn nd i n Lh c rcg io11s where t.bcy were pr oThcy nrc n c•t fo u nd hnwever on Llie wc~Lern . coast o l duc:ed. TIJe Huu11111s ln1ng cor:>ls around thee neeks o f Afrie:L o r South Amcriea o n ac co:.: n t of th>o! illlj.ucncc of ellildre n ~o keej t! hem ·f,·om evil. At the prese n t day, in souJe parts uf Lt.aly, a b e lief in its power is still entertlJe Artie currents. T he chief p laee w here ePral red·.-; li r e tai iiCI I. tound is iu the ecntre or the l'a<.:itiv ocean. They are The preeiou ~ coral is found arouncl islands in the · :dso f'uund 'n the lt ~ d i nu Oc:en,n :llld \.he sea~ around the .\lediLermnean sen, in l'e<ls from two to ten mil es from s h ore nnd i :: waL<JI' f r<>..:; 30 to l :JO f<LLh om s deep. \Ve Eq untor. Til~re n rc th ree d iftt: rent ki 111b u r eur:d reds: Jintl imporktnt fi,!Jc r ie,; aro u nd Algiers, Mvroeo Nnp les, tile Fri11gi1 1g, B1 tTi c 1·, :wd Attdl. ::;,, rc\inia an<·l s ueh pl:~ces . B ett.er c oral is found in the The Fri11 g i"g rcet ; a rc foll 11<.l i11 ~· h :ti li) \V w:ttcr , in the east than in til e ~·J utb a111l n e ver in tile \Vest o r NorLb. il1lmer!iate vici n ity or land wJ ,it;lt , ltvw tbe r ~posc ou a T!Je eora l vanes i n colo r from n deep crimso n to a tle~ il eolor. At t1111es w e li111l it u m ilk wlii tr. Delicate gent le s u r!:tce. ti1tto are rm-e a nd li igldy pric:ed. The Barri e r reefs :1rc soru e-wl 1nt t;;,e tbe J<'ri;1ging but At one timt the righ t tc• tile tb!Je r i e~ or the African are d is t i11 gu is bed fr o m t!H l m l>y the t:.et th at tliey a re a eoa;t among tbe nati ot•ti or the ~Ielliterranea u was n. muc h greater d istauce from l:m::l :llld in very deep sub ject of dispnte. Pr ev iou -~ to the lotb . C<·Btury, Llle water. F:·cnclt had eontrol of Lh em nntil th e Revo lu tionary governn1ent, duri11g till' latter parL of the l8Ut. Century, Atolls are Barriflrs re e ls e ncitel ing water. Tbat is tllre w trad e.opeuto ul l. Alter which th e British govern- · they nre of a ~i rculnr fL>l'<n lt!ld have no iuhncl. Many ment b;tcl charg e o t th em U11til tlw Frenell, who at the coral reefs are e n tirely below tl!e W:iter, ot h ers are sceu present day cor.t.r<'l tl!em. as the tide receue >, wLile others ar e :~bove the hi g he st The reefs on the const of Algit>rs are divideJ into 10 p i11·ts One 17art beiil"g ti iJ ishcrl eael! ye:w. Fur it. is tho ught tides and. cons tttule dry lan(l. Th e ge ncnd fo~rm of At-oll c0rn l is triangu la r. Tl!e reefs eornpo:;ed 1 f 11 ,(, kind of it takes ten years fur the cc,mplete formation of corals. The trnde of geLt.ino· the raw wa ter i:d and working it corH', rise in a ge n tle s lope from the i1111er c!Jannel. The into oramentcd cle~:gn~ is cbi~tly clon e in Italian eiLieslnud hears luxuriant vcgitation . Tbc ~Liore or beaeh of as Rome , 'N:tple8 a1 .d Genra. th e reef is made of coral s:tnd. The range of value of the different qualities of coral aceorrling to color and size, is greo.t. It:> price is exceeclCoral reef11 are never fo und in wat-er of thirty fatlwms iugly raised by the floctiOI IS uf Jashion. Rose pink is the deep-the usm1.l dept being from Le n to twenty five· most costly corn.l. ln Cbinn, large b:tlls of corn.! co m. As the Barrier reefs whicl! grow and encircle island inman ti high prices on acco unt of th ei r being worn as buttons crease in height., the islautl diminishes , ancl its height l'y offif'ers. fl ur.n 0' DO~NlCI. T ,. above the sea leve l decrenses n n til it is finally cr.,re red
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VJAT.EUR' '
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JOUR 1 AL · ~·
ST. V1ATEUR'S COLLEGE JOURNAL. P lf 13L 1 S H J ~ D SEJ\11-l\10 X'l'Jl L Y, J:)'
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All stu clt •J!I S of till• ( 'o lll'g"l! an· invit ed to ~~~ 11d colllt 't btttioll:-\ ot lllallt•r for till• ,f()l ' J:).' . \1 ,.
All ('OIHlllllni;:·atJous shuul tl l1e <H.ldn:·s~t·d "SL .Journal ,"' Bom·J,onua.is GrtlVl', l\anl\al\e (~ C'o .. Ill .
\'iah'ur·~ Collt:ge '"
Entr-red at tlH" l.)u-st OHiet~ at BourUmlltai s l:1·ove, l ll., as ~t:"eutnl cla ~s l!lattf-'r.
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[ 11 u11<: uf' our late paperr-, thl·re <l ]'i'':arcd a art ide entitled .. ]>ILr.:; uit (II' l1appine ;;; ~.'' 11·ltitl1 i:;. at Lhi,.; tin1e uf tlll<.:OIIIlllOll intt• n·~t. The thouglJtr< <.:ontained the1·ein \\'l'l'l' :-ll}.!J('L'>'tetl to tl1e \\'ritn J,y the g reat JailOr agitatio11 , going un at p1·e,ent. The teudeut:· of la~IPI'l'l'" at prer<eut i,l'ur a redlt<:tiun uf the ltvlll'" uf labor. \l"lti<:IJ \l'tllild L'llfthle the \I'(IJ'king da""'· !<> de1 otl· H>lll <: tittle to .. oeial iJII[li'OI'l'lllellt. Thi ,., i,;::-;m· likt.- en:ry u11e tltat <.:Uitll'~ hl'i'ure the [ll'<tpk lw~ it, f1·iend,., awl foe>'. Tilt' \I'J'i I t'l' •[IIUtl'" a tl~<:n:han t a' ;.ay i ng. "I lmt he t·••tdd tin•l 110 l'lea;-;ur(' L''i.l-ept i11 Jti ,.. lnl ,.: ittL'"'··· Thi :< j ,.. the )'l'i!Jl tlntl ... trm·k u:-- tlW"t fun·il.Jy . ln thi:- great la11d of c!llr<', the ulle aJ,,.,oJ'l,ing idea i, tu lJeeo1ue ril·lt. Money is tl1e ":-iue 'lila 11ut1.'' l t i:-: the "tl']'pitlp: ,tum• to }JU\rt•t· awl po,itiulJ, tlw only requi:;itl' l'or mlnti::-:<ioiJ to t'I'L'l'Y l'irde. \\'ealth til] , 'up 1d1at j, lm·kiug in the 111iud. ,..llpplie,.. t]Jo:-l' L'.'i. · IL-riur gt'H<.:t':-, l'harlll" '" attradi,·e ill II tan .. a-, no otht·J' agent l':tll. This j,. l.11t luu ll'ell knuwu to ullt':-elH·-. lltlll'h a:1\L'IliHY Lli,-JikL' lOL>\\'IIit; aU<[ it ;.UUII !lel"Ultll'" l'l·idl'ltt tu tile 11111" 1 "lllll.'rfil'ial vf uur J\weig11 t·ritie,.,. I iJ.,Hght[itl
nelt ueing the ca e, is it to l.Je woudt:rcd at that ' 011r people ::;pencl so little tillle in educating and ltaYe such poor uotions of a real cdn~ation? It can he littl e llJatter of douht tlmt we are not only far l>l-lliud Europeans in actual edncatiou. l111t we ul ·o lack, c1·en thei-r ideal of true educ:atiuu. If OUSilles;;; liLCll CUll tiud IJO lllll USellleUt OHt~>iUC of their otliee or place of business, they ofeoursc cau sec no reaoO ll fur the early dosing of oture · and the ~hurter hmtt'ti of labor demanded hy tl1eir employees. Th e one ha::; 11u des in~ fur intel!ec;tnal cnltnJ•e; sHell an mhantf1ge i denied tlte other. Yet we hoa::<t of ont· ,;elwolt<, the ft-eedo111 of uur <:Oimtry, !111<1 the inuueuse adnmtn-ge:;; we luwe Ol' t'J' othe1· uation::<. If so llll' tinw l•e de11ied the IH>rking ela,;:; for re,;t am! ::-oeial enltnre, in " ·hat do tlH:) differ from the :;]a,·e ~ lie hat! food aJifl elut!ting \\·ithout the neces.,. ity uf Jli'OI·idiug fur ut!Jer,.; . 1\Tonld it uot be well for st udents to retleet on thi;-; " ·hen they arl' longing for the day to come that " ·i ll usher tlteuJ iutu that life th0y c1reanJ of and ~~-hit: It I'O llJaiiY uf thl'Lll are ~(' poorly titted tu eujoy ~ IJ they Hl'l' tu tuil for otht•r,. do tl1ey tim! plea~ II n • in !11(.: tlwug!tt of <.:on,;tant labor~ fftheyheemploy l·r:; aL'l' they• to ltaH' 110 hitrher anthiti••H than to he r eo me riclt! .:\Oil' i,; the: titlll' tu elwo"e a~Jd 011 bllch <:lwiee de pends the greatm'"" ul' future. j[en may he dazzled by uur lllaterial prot-pPrity l•nl po::-terity will judge u,.; hutn a different ,;taud- poiut. .\ 1\'at<hingtuu, a ,Jl·ffer,;un, a Lin<.:uln. a tiadield, a \\'eb,.,ter, a Longfellu\1', a Bryant, will J,e ad111ire1l wlJL'll a t1uHld a \ ' auJerbilt ur an .\..::;tor will lta\'l~ hl•eJt ;-;walloi\'L•d in ubliYion . lf 11·ealth brongltt real happim•,.;,. there wuuld l1e a n•a:;,Ull for ::-tri,·i ng tu Ht'(]llire it. l~ut tbi., it doL'<Hot and how ,;aJ to tltiuk that after the lllilllj' e:u·ritiees we tllake, the lahL•t·::- we emlnr1~ . awl the illnu t:eut plea .~ure Jw,·e lu:;t, tlwt w~: ban: .,;tj ll 110 n ·a l happiJJes,., few ::;im:ere friend :; am! a lwart ll<' 1·oid as :;pa.ce. 1\' e kaYe tl1e que<- liou tu tlwugl1tfuJ .,t tut!en t ~.
ll. ()')).
LOL'_\L~.
- The ba~L' b :tll seasou i,; now in full hla t-1. -Designs fur tl.te uew altars have urrh•ed ami u <.: hoiee will ~ L•vn l~ mlldc.
SUPPLEMENT JYIENSUE L. ·
NO'l'l{,E FOI ET
NOTl'tE LANGUE.
BOURBONNAIS, ILL. Samedi, l7 ,Mai, 1890.
VOL. III.
No 8.
.A illi , voi c i 111 a m ai n : p1·cs ~ c I ~L dan s la. t i e. 1111 t·: <;·(' st.l o tl crllit ·r n.di c n, le rlc rn itT so u vc·n ir r Bi l' Il llt•s j ot t t\"i paRsc rottt tw ;-t,l) t qtt ' un jou r ,~ 1·\· i cn t w l>all.S 011 cO iltJU U\1 t'on heu r ki non s r é nn ir. l .. t' lt ot· a g·e
E· Uu ga:-;L
J\ r e p r îs So i r [ f• n il la.g·e E l~ :-:e:, nitl:-:.
LE~
J ,a, \'(' rd til'( ' Embellir
La. na.t.un·
SOC IETES P .·\U,TlClJ LIBRES ET LEUH :-ilO ::>i DE NOS .JOURS.
JVII ~
C~ni ~ our il.
" L' It om me, a diL L:lCOrduire, n'est p:~s un f:trc solita ire; il n'E'S t pas ~e rn 6 au IJ asar d po11r viv'r e et mourir :~ l'vllliJre .ig norée d ' un roe /te r ou <l ' une fo rê:l.; il naît :w. mi lie u ti c ln. soei 6t & c1 ui le rct;o it, le nourrit , q ui l'élève, c1u: ltti co tnrtlltn ique ·ses id ées, ses pass ion s , st?.s v ices, ~es vc t'L us .et ,, lnq ue ll c illais~'c, avec ses ,ce nd res et S[t ti H~ rn u ir c, l' i1 ttl nence cle sa vie." En q uel e ndro it elu mo nck la soc iétc; t J' ex i ~ te- t- e ll e pas? E lle a sni vi l'homme cltu rs ses tn igr n. ti uns pri m iti ves el bravé avec lui le bas:1n l d es Ôc6:ti1s et l'aridité des Ll éscrLs. Elle ·~L r 6s isL6 ;l Lo us les o rfl.ges; plu s fo r te que le temps e ll e s'est cous' L:tmmc nt raje uni e so us so n so ufll e q ui vi e illit tout et e lle . .n. res piré u n no uvea tl parfum d' im mo rtalitG a u milieu mDme d es ruin es Où so ut. v e nus t ou r ·,, tour s'e nsevelir les p e up les uSéti. :J usq u 'a u fo nd d es for &ts o u s ur Jes b o rd·s ·cscarpl'S cl eti îles perdues le voyage ur eu r etro 11 'v e d es 1·es tiges in<Jf , r;al.Jl es :u t mili e u cl e ees peu_ pi cs 011 11e ür ille miht c plu s le Ham beau de la eivi lis[t-
J. ' ag'J I CC LU g<:LIUIJ<Ld l'
K11r l es g n.z o u ~. Fa i sttnt panul f• ]Je nlilk bond ;-;. L 'oud c clrdro t:l pur('
l>C' l ' hUillhle rn isseaî 1, Mè l e . ~ o n n11l!' lllttrc ·
Au eha.nt d e
l ' o i ~ea n.
tot t r tc rl' ll ~
La. tt·.ndre
.H.anpC' IIe ch aq n e s·o ir
A
1\mlh r~e
d e s o tt ai l l' ,
Ses p cl;i t H, son Ps poi r . ( 'omnt e l a. tou r te r'fdl e .R appelant sou cu(,mt. Not l 't.~ m èr e II <JUS <Hlp c> ll t• •
So t1 a.rn clllr n o u s aLI(•lJ C.L A
cet.t:e roi x
La. tJL t ~ h ë r i ('
Quittons .nos rtHl cs la iJC llt.';-;, Ar·(:O li i'O JI S vf· r s l a p:Jt:rin . :-:i ll·i vo ns l'éhtl r d r·• nos t·o· urs.
tivn.
A<li ~u, pa.isih lr. t'll eeî ute a.:; ile du si lt"ncr Et vo us té rnoins tnu ets cl e H OS :ie un es travau x-. 1\!J.ü r s . ::;act·és, o l1 l ' on vo H l'ét ude e t l a. s<:if' nce lU"gncr anx rt étri nr ents cl cs ch ar111cs du r c·pos,
Ad ie u , pe lil.
bourdo n ~
fl o n t; la vo ix l.roJ' so t10r e
No us ti ra s i sOtlvent de nos r è,res doré~. \:loc he dont les re fra ins <'lltou nés d l's P;-nlro rr ;'{nus f urent t ons les j ours, tant de [ o l s r ép éLès. Ad it-lll l i\>l'a.i s f{ tl t..: l ac.ccnt vi ent d e ft~a.pp cr n1 a Jyr e? C'es t l 'adieu tlu m arin qui v ;.L quitter le uor t ~Y est
l'ad ie u de P a,mi , que l 'o n cutenll r ed 1re
A u fr è r·c attr isté qu ' il l aio~c sur le bo r·rl . Ame nés pn.rl e ..:iel s ur une rn ê mc routf' E nsembl e' nonS ~tvo n s bien l ong t emps ch emin é A u J11 0 11'1(~ 11t l~U d épart il. e~ t. tri ste S~l. ll S rloute IDI!!! S•JIIJ;"CJ: ·~fta C d (ijà. Ct:! tert~p s P. ~ t, tl · l't ~ .in é..
.. 'tf1fit '
1
O nLre e<!lte soc ic~t6 gé néral e i l en est d'autres, il es t des assoc iat ions p:trti c lll iè res in s titu ~s pour les besointi propr es ù l'époq ue et au m ili e u q ui les o nt vu es nfl.ître . Ces soc ié tés, ck nos jou rs, do iv ent " '·ant tout app o rter un se ns re li g ieux, nn · es prit cat ho lic{ ue d an s •Lro is c hoses: 1. Da11 s c0 qui rcgn rcl c l ' :t.ccom pli ssf~ ment des devo irs re li gieux (' Il géné ral ; 2. b a ns ks seco urs matériels ti n'cl ks ap portcnL a ux incl igeuts; :3. lJ<1ns k'S ::t 1n u~eme n t:, q u'el1 es procurent. I . Toute soc iété co ns iste da ns lfl. r é~1ni o n d ' une rnulti , tude tendant a u m ême but par des m oyens communs e t un e commun e ::tet ivi té . E lle su ppose par co nséq uen t l'unit é. D r; ,je ic ..Ll eHlanrle , ol.t lrouvcm- L-elle le secret
Lb: Cb:H.CL.Ii: .b'RANC Œ 1l e son unit è ? Quel le force r é unir::t e n llll se ul f11i ~cea u t·t>tte mnltitu (le cliverse d'âge, de condition, cle cn rnct è re t> l tl'int è n~ t? Qll i e mpêc hera le pnrtieuli e r ci e rlétour JH.'l' :'1 so n av nnt11ge pers•.1nne l la so mm e cl 'ncLi vité et rl e d é vou e Juc nt qu'il doit an ùien commun ? Il n'y n que d e ux mobiles d e HOS ac ti o ns cl 11 ns le mcndr: le d c ,·o ir e t l' intérêt; le premier Il ütit .J e.r u s::~ l e m Il' second a fait Bnb_vlont>. L'inté rè t repvse s ur J'a m o ur d e soi-wêml', le d e v o ir SllppOHl un e oldig-a•_ion m om ie e t t.o ntP o lJii gaIÎt •n n~o r:tl e ne ~all"nil ve nir que rl e l:t rclii!!"n, .lon t p l] e l':-t un e conséquenec n(·ce>sa ir e. En le v< z ln religion e t v o n~ ' 'e re tr<>ttverez plu s qu ' un e ~<ncié t é Hh:u ,cl u n11 ée a n c npri t: l' •·t ~\ l:l e npidit é d e l'i nfli,·idll . J<: ll e Il l! e" ntl nu r· ra cle vivr q11e pa r tin l't'S te d e \' lg ut•ur ']Ill' , !'f. ll ~ le ~: ,v o ir pettl- ê t,re, ell l' gn rdNa e nco r e d e es pre 111i è res v e rtus. C'(' t l':mn ~·c df· Catnbysc n n rt ése rt , t.ô t. • n tard le v e nt du s im onn s'él t> vera et l'arm•~~-~ ;:e ra c n ~ lo nLi e , o us t·cs ~:thle~ m ol.li!Ps co mm e Ir.; tl• ,ts d e ln. tn e~. L:t n ·ligion 1 t le premier be~oin cie ln ~oe i 0 1 t:·: ee su 11t l:\ ·•deux ~œnrs nées le m ê me j o ur dt! ln m ê nw pn rul1~ tli\•illt': l'une_reg ard e le t e mps , l'au~rf' , l' éte r n i té." (L:lC< •rtl :IÎrf'.) Il e::-L r'ltJnc é ,·idcnt que toute so .. i{· l•': pour .~r n• vra im ent ft or i s ~a nte e t cl(\rnble rt n it -': <ppn_rt>r H ll' l:1 re ligi o n, la v rs ie r e ligi o n qni e~ t un e pa.rce qn'ell<l f'St la jnsti!'e et la vérité, et qu i porte pn nùi llùtl s le no1n cbe r et ~ncré rt e r e ligion ca th o liq ue. T oute socié t é cloi1 mar c her e n présencP. e t s :~n s ln clir ec~ ion rie l'l•:g li:< l', d a n~ son corp~ que d es m e m b r e" dignes d'e ll e · m ê nw. n'sv o ir rie n d e cac h é pour e ll e eL ~;es mi11islrf'S, ~~~~ ~ p i rer de so n e~prit et n 'ad m e ttre c'est-à-dire ny a n t acqu i. p ·1r la fidélité à. le m devoirs un tit re lég itim e 1inn tel ho nnenr e t un te l bienfait. 1r C'est d éjit une granrl0 mi ssion ~:lnS tlonle p o ur une soc ié té q ne cie faire fl eu rir le fl e voir •lans ~cs mem b r e~ et da11s tous ceux a ux q uel s s'é t cm cl so n i,,tJnenLOt'. Il est t o u tefo is un n11tre ge nre de d é ~· ouement a 11qn•·l les so c iétés son t géné r a le m e nt n ppl' lées ~\ ~e eon:;al'l'l'r de nos jours s mt o uL. No us tr:n ·e r so ns un e é poq ue ri' égoïs me: on ne co nlpr e nd plu :; qu e le b o ni.J e ur de lx ri c h esse es L de donne r ; d e g rnnd cti misères se traînent péniblement:\ côt~ (l e ha ut es f(Jrtun es; l'Eglise se u le ne pellt ê chc r LO ttLeti les l ::ll'ln e~ ou secourir tous les llldige ntsd':1llt:lllt plu s nombr<"ux qu ' un r é ussi t rni e 11.x auj 0 urll ' hui :'t monopo li se r h ri c besse. 11 ·faut :ll')lll rt c r remède à ce m ali.Je :n de tous les temps ct spéc in!Pm<' ll• du nôtr e. Y o ns ~. vez fJu e lqu e lo is r e nco ril ré quelq u'n11e tle ce;; por~o nn es dont la pe nsée ne uou s r e ,·ie nl j :w1:1i s san!! excite r e n !l o us un m o u veme nt d e sym paLiiie >:t d 'atlm imtion; vous avez r e nco n t r é ln Pel1le SœuT des Pa?J.v!'e.• e t , dites-moi , n e vo us &tes-vo us pati se nti é mus devant ectte tille rie charité q ui cacbnit so us sa roh e fi e bure dte ri ubes ver tu s et so us so n sou rire 1le grnnds snc rifi C'c~. L es sociétés d e nos jours cloiv e n t aussi se fa ire SŒl li'S fil' c hnr ité . L es l :ume s rl e~ pnnn e~ r~clle illi C' S
d a ns le urs mains l'l'jailliront s ur el!es p our les féconder et lf' ur nss urer m a lgré les injures dn temps, une glorie use imm o rta lité. III. E 11tln l es soc iétés qui v<lu lent se charger d' t~mu ser le peuple u e rtoiv ent lui proc ur e r qu o d es arnusen, e nt t1 honn ê tes, et é Yit6r non- seulevem ce ux que l'Egli se cou d nmne mais ceux-là ·m ê me qui ne sont co ufonn es ni à. ses d és ir11 ni à w n CI' JWit. L 'homm e :1. hc, oin .le r éjo ui s, n uces eL Slll'Lnut rl e fêtes rdigieuses. L11i11 tl e ln cité permnu c ut e q,.ui est not re pntrie e t. que ll !Ju8 li ahite rnn s un jour n o us p r•rtons 'l U rœ ur lamé. la ll l'o l ie de l 'nb~t> l Wf' Pt tl e !'!:'x ii. L e rl(se rt est nrirle e t 1~: ~: .Ille est LHÎ\In"' · i\l:li s l•· C ré:lle tl t' a pa r se m é la vic d e rianL~ o: 1 ~ i s ••il ""u ' !JOli VOli S v e nir nous r eposer sn 11 S d<! l'rais o ru l.l:'nge~ P.t no us d 6salté re r nux so uree~ cl ' Dnt" pure nmitit'>. 11 f:~ttt que l' ho mm e, péuiblemellt t'OIIl' bé so us le s illvn qu ' il ano~e d e ~es H1eu rs, relève p:n·f., i:; ln. tête v e rs le ciel. Il a b Pso in d e se dilater tian s tttl<' .i•>ie qui c~ t so n rtro it et sn d es tin ée. Il a b e:-oin lie co mll llli •Jqu e r s:1. pensér, de cl é ,· erse r so n cœu r , de répnndre les pnrfum~ ne W ll nmiL ié , fi e c han t er 3lt joi e, d e f•1r r r ésonn e r la ha rpe cl e D tvicl m a is n0n pas de IO 'll'· c h('r e n c nclence d e v rtot le v eau d 'u r d'Isr;Jë l . prévnri cat t:> tlr.
" Les législa t e ur s dc•s n nt i o n ~ on t compris ee besoin d e ~·éj o uissn n ces co mmun es e t pu bliq11es; ils o nt c he r c h é :\ y nt.iRfll ire P'H fie~ j e ux, d es dan ses, rl es sprl! t.acle8 , dPS 1ri o m p h rs et dPs eombat~. 1\lais au li eU- d'inst ruire et tl '?le v er l' ho n1111 e ri e u n'a ~en i qu'à le clég ra cl c r . T t utes les pass i on~ veuni e nt y e be r c be r des ::~ssouvisse m e uts nppl:~udii'. L e snng et l:l v o luptts s'y d o nnni enL r e nfl t·Z-VOII S RO U ~ If'~ im ,1ges !'ncrées de :a patrie et la P' '\,Ji c iLé , m è re d e la puflenr, n' y é tait pour b n:nl ti1ud e q n' une cl é b,Hl c h e de plus. Dieu sen l - e t e u !ni t o t ~ cc- 11 x qui s' in spire nt cl e " 0 11 es prit-~ 'sont d e meurés en possess ion fl e fl o nn e r nu g<'n r e htllllAÏn d es solennit és graves qui l'asse mblent, le re mu e nt, l'11méli o r e nt ct le ~c pose nt ." (Lnco rflairc .) Sentirn e nL re ligi e ux , seco urs du p n uYI'f', nrnnsemenls honnête H. v o ilà dun e le tr ipl e b nL qui s'offr e à l'actiYitP, d es s< >Cié t és nctu e ll t>s. Pui~sent. e ll es ne l'ouhlier jam a is ! Puisse nt ces socié t és que l'Eg li se a v u es u nître d a ns so n sein , eo mprenrlre la su l1limi t é de le ur mi ss iunetmarc Ler touj ou rs sous l'é t e nd a rd rte la v é ritfl pom le b onheur d e I' Eii\ li se et le s nlut d e l' hum anité!
,J. L
LB l~ERE MO.I'\ SABRK "Le Père Monsabré est petit., trnpn, avec des é·p a ul es puissantes, un e f;>rt e encolure, le m ~t~q u e large, le frool. proéminent .
LE CE RCLE .E'RANC.US. . Sous sa couronne de cheveux légèrement grisonnants, tl n ce q•1'on appell e un e ho nne figu re, c'est-à-dire que son regard, son sourire et tons les traits de son visa~N respirent la douceur et la hienveillance. Je le regarde pendant que le "ardin al Richard lui adresse quelqnes paroles ému es pour le remercier et le fé liciter. Le P ère Monts:1bré rec;nit les <:ompliruents sans taus e morles.tie, comme nn solcbt qui a bien mérité les {:loges de son chef. . On sent au~s i qu'il ne ~e lai sse pas envahir pa r les lurn ées d 'o rgue il q ui out tourné Ll tête :1 d'autres homwes. ll a . la consc ience r?elle rl e sa valeur et de l'importnnce de sn tâche; :nais comme les es prits vraim ent ~upérieur~, il n' en tire pns vanité. Si je su is Mjà séduit. par J'or:lt eur avant qu'i l ait , ouvert la bou che. qne sera-ce lorfq ut· j e l'aura i entend u parler? L~ Père Montsabré prépare r\ l'av ance ses confére nces. I l n'improvi e pn.s comme L'lcor chire. Il réc ite son ft iseo ur~. l\I a par0le, nn 11e s' en douterait g uère. Qnel rnnv eill cnx ct éclnmn.teml Qn e de rPssources. qn e <le ~oup l es!'e, q ue cle vm-iété. q nP. <l' impré vu, que fie honlH•miP. qne <le de m(llic€ , qne d'espr it et de talent! La voix est to11j nurs pl-eine, sonore, hien timbrée, mn.lgré .la fatigue d'une cn rri ère nussi longue qu e pénible. E lle tcbte comme un cla iron clans les prt~snges cle fvrce et rempl it. l' imm ense vai;:.seau de sa triumph!<nte fnn fnre. Puis e ll e ~':H·l o u cit.ju,qu 'it d evenir famili ère. L 'orate ur n l'air de s'n clre s~er nn x premiers rangs rles nuditeurs qui entourent ln chain~. II se penebe pom leur parler fie plus prè~. 11 srmbl e qu'i l va lem dire: -Vous saVPZ, ceci est e nlre nou s, 1ù tll ez pas le r~péter.
D ans les développements des lieux commu ns, clans les laborieux elu discour;:, les énumérations d'nrguments ou de preuves, le Pè re .\fon sabré déb laie le terra in avec un e extraorrl inaire vigue ur. Il est moins suave, moin s é lhéré, moins féminin que certains préd icatenr3 dan~ les périorleb attend ries. Il n'en est p:1s mnins sécluis~nt. Il parle pour les h o mme~, car il est pùssible q> re sa dialectique serrée, un peu ~èche pnrfois, cffm·ouclle les fem mes. P our moi, j'ai été empoigné par cette éloquence saine, forte et qui ne manque pas <l'agréments, q uôi qu'on en dis·e. Le P ère Mont~ ab ré est un grann oral eur. Plu s L~.c o rrlnirc qne Ravi~n~n l'lus Boss uet qn@ pa~snges
F énêlon .-mais 'qu'on peut com parer à Bossuet ct à L acordaire, avec la passion en moins et peut-être l::t simpl icité en ]Jlus. Il est probable q ue le P è re :\ioutsnb ré prêchera li. Rome, l'automne prochain.
x
NOS OlUGINRS LlTTEl'\A lRE:) D U !X e Al. Xll l C SIE Cl.l·:
L'empereur, ses fils , ses fill ~s, ses sœur;;, ses pri ncipaux ministres, a.ss ist[lieut com me élèves aux leç.o:Js de l'école palatine, sous cl cs noms empruntés a.ux -lettres sacrées et profa nes. Aleuin, sceonrl é par les snvants qui l'ava ient accompagné en Gaule, ense ig na it ce que l' on appel ait alors les sept arts l..ibéra:ux: gra mmaire, logique , rh étorique, ar ithm éti qu e, géométri e, musiqu e, nstronomie, avec [\étude de la th éo logie pour couro nnement. Les écoli ers vou laic11t tout con naître et répond re à tout. Le premi er enseignement qui leur fut adressé forme une sy nth èse imm ense, à la foi ingénieuse et enft•ntine, qu'il n'est pas san:; in lérêt <l e lire, ;\ m ille ans cle d ista.nce. Cllarl emngn e, conqut!rant et législate ur, possédait ù, un bau t degré le got\t cl es c bo~es de l'intelligence. Outre la langue romv.ne, il parlait le htin, il comprenait le grec, ei corrigea it 1111 manuscrit ineX[tt:t d e J'E vangile. ll fi t asse mbler les vieux chants héroïqu es des Germains, et l'on comm ençfl, sous sa rlircetion un e gr.trnmaire de la langue nation:de. Il s'appliquait snrto nt à dissiper l'ignorance elu clergé, qui était g ran(l e, au VIII sièele. "Ah ; <lisait-il un jour, si j 'ava is seulement a utour de · moi douze clercs in l ruits dans to utell les sciences, ,·.omme l'étai ent Jàôme ct A ug ustin !'' C'étaient ses a uteurs préférés.- "Qnoi ! lui r épondit Alcuin, le Créateur n'a fait que cleux bommes semblables ;l ceux-là, e~ vous en voulez une douzaine !'' Ce vœu de Charles montre quelle tendance élev ée it prétendait donn er aux étnùes. U ne tles rdormes qui le préoccnpèrent le plus, fu t celle cl u plain cbrtn t. Nous, qui nous rappelons les débais qu'a provoqu és, sous le pape Pie IX, la différence rles usages liturgiques, et q ui savons bien au prix de q uels efforts l' nbrogation des l:outumes loca les a été partout obtenue, nous ne li so ns pas sans intérêt ct qui s'est pas~é au \'III si èc le. A cette époque, toutes les ég lises observaient des rites partieuliers. En l'année 787, pendant les fêtes c:e Pâques, une v ive dispute s'éleva devant le roi, entre les chantres romains et les chantres gaulois cle sa chapel le. Les gnul o is Vll nta i€nt l'exe ilencecleleurméthocle,
Lb; GEW.J L.!J; .!!'HAN CAlS. les Uom:Lir.s s'c.mporLa.ient contre e ux, fléc hmnt qu'ils :1.vn icnt n.l téré to utt>s l<'s :1.ncien nes pr:•Liques, tandis q u'o n Stti Vatt fifl è l c m e n ~ :\ l ~ome les règles cli ct(CS par sa it1t. G rég-o in•. Co 111m e le ur qq c re ll c ue Jini ssait pa s, rncont e Eg inhard , C h :~ ri es di t :1. ses c h a uLr c~: " Uit f:Lutil , ;\ v ut t"\' iu g(· 11J e ll t, :tlil'r c J. ercl•er J'L:n ll la lilu s pure, :\ la <U itl'vl' , ""au L"Jtissc:Lit .' - A lt :;o urc ••, d ise nt-ils tt'u 11 e ~c 11l e voix. - lte ~OII Io i <'Z d 1 •11 C, r(· pliq•t a Uharl em:1g ne, :'t la so urc(' d e t':1inL (:h ég irl';ca ril est n•anifcste fJtl c, Les un s ou les autres , vo t1 s avez C< tï"ompu le cha nt ecclésia~Liq n e . " Lù -d L·ss u:;, il e u\'O.)'•L d e lll :tiHler :11 1 Pape d es cle rcs disei plin és :\ l:1. bonne (·co le, cL c:~ -pal t l c'l d e former des é lè ves. Ainsi l'ùt op érée, suiv a 11 t le 111 0 in e d' Angoul ê me , la g r:111d e réfu ru l() •lu pl :d n- cit :lllt , dans ioules les ég lises de l' eu1pire, lll:ti :; L\'l 11 'est p:•> le réc iL flu n.oine de :-l:Li nt- ~ :,dl. Il. d e 1<'. ( . 1 Co lllinuN)
C ü El L U :TTES. -Dr. l.'. L é tou m cau ' i~l ct ;;a le UJIU e é LaienL en vi site :'L Bourbonna i;; la. se ma in e d e rni ère. - H é 1·. AlCred ;}.[ar tel est tu a i11 Leu:lllt :'t Col1leutz, Prusse , et pense d e pn~s<'r d e no u ,-e:•u Cil E~ pu g n c po ur sa sunlé. -lUt l'P. Parad is ct Legri s vi~ i L ai c n t .\h ile l e;~:; A vril et deva ient . pa rtir le lcndenwin po ur ~c rendre e n Egypt c. - Des élèves prépa rent .tnc séance d o nt. le ln1L es t d e gn rnir un e bou rse po nr le Rév. Y . Be:<tHlo in qui. rep rése ntem ln. co mmut:::t uté a u prvc b:ti 11 c i•"!JiLre. Les é lèves sonL pui ssamm ent Sf!CO nrl és par le::> JJ. 1mes ct le Dem <~i 5e l l es d e b pa roi sse qu i. comme :'t l' o rdÎII:Jire, co uron nero nt d e succès cette belle ce u v re. l ~ OLi\.
Dül\f A.
A quelqu Ps p:·.s d u tn odeste villnge r\c IP *' ;, l'<!ndroit o it les eil uXj:tnni ssantcs d e la ri vière:\ l:l G* d(erivent 11n0 co nr br., co nrt un e rinntc mo ntn g-nc, tout e \' tc> r tc au printemps, t.v11t odo r:cntc a u mni s <l e !\lai. S i pe u c uri eux que l'on soit <l 'examin e r il:s s i Les pitore<o ques, les vn.l lées qui s'ét encl ent fra îc hes c t fi t ur ies so u:; les ye ux, les ro _ chers q ui pa rfo is s'élè vent mcna(;HnLs da ns l P~ :1irs, <11 1n'est pns sans rer'na rq n<.e r I sola-Dama, s ite e ncha nteur, ·i s uav e de beau tés n:1.turell es . So uv e nt en cc li eu, ass is ~ ur un li t d e mr1usse, au murmure <l ' un h ic:, cl 'c:t u t umb:1.nt <l es p:1. r vi ~ <l e h mo n. tagnc, j 'aim P. ù rêver nu bon l1e ur ; l:t j'cff'e uill e les j o • n·~ de ma vi c, eL je me nourri s lles ~ o uvenirs d es plus bea ux ,jo urs d e nt()n printem ps. C'c1 L ve r3 l'e LLe plu e(' tant a im ée, qu'llier enco re, j e d irigea is tn es pas, ayant so us h1 bras les sublim.es fo li es cl e l' imm o1-te l clmlkc 1lt: la
G r8ce. C'étn.iL pr1 r un e ÙP!lc après- rnirli tl e prinleŒps; qu e lq ues le uill cs Ll éj ~t é Lubticnt le ur ve rdure; les bourgeo us ;i. demi- éclos s'é la n(ja ient fi èrem ent d e k urs coques dor8cs c L un r ent d o ux <.: t v iv ifhlll t se •n ùlai t ranimer la naL u.e." Aniv ù, j e tn ':t ss is su~· la Vt' r te peluu st', so us uu pin lml a tl t;an t dnns l e~ cie ux sa py rami d e re rd oy ant e. A près avo ir lu qu e lqu e:; pngcs, j e pro me tmi mes rrgm·ds s ur les lieux qui m' envir0 11nrt ient. P ;ts utJ nll'lge s ur l ':~z ut· du c iel , pa11 u ne t·1c hc s ur cet imme n ~e pav ill v1·J b le u ; le so le il br ilLtn t ct s plcnrli d o j "!tait sc3 fC' ux hrî)l~l. n t-> cl:tns les inte:st iccs des Lr:Lnc li es, c L ses r :~ yo 11 ~ dorés sc l 11·is:ti e nt s ur le S:l.llll! e n mille fvnn cs G tincl~ l a. ll tc s. Ü t<C so ur.::r, so r ta nt. d ' un rot.: lll<J II SSC' II X, d cHt.:c nrla.il d e la uw nt:.g ne Cil (J r,r:; rl c c ri ~t: d . t:l.IILÔ é sc j etant ùe u . nt ;llt Lc CIJ JILrc rl cs r oc l1 er~ gig tnL e~q u es; t:1ut ôt r• ·p re, .,. 11 LSUl<cu 11 rs p:: i~ i IJie :t u 111 i 1ie u d es ari.Ht :;tes qui burd en t ~ o n lit ri e c:t ill o ux; eni-in sc l.>ri., anL Cil perles d 'a1gc nt s m t11 1e ruelle 011 e lle :;c d iv ise en tro is rui 5sc:Htx limpid e~, qui vo t1 t sc perd re dans un l:trge r u is;cu u a :t x: ri ves um \nagéc~. (;;·, et b étaie nt gro upés d es mass i1s tl 'arllres q ui ~'éleva i e nt ù une gmn<lc hau teu r e:t lo nn :Lic nt uJJ e voîtte m<lb ilc rl e le ur ti~ uill:1g c na issant ; ta ndi s que d'au· 'res tu111b:u1t ;],: véo us té ne prése ntai ent plus que d es Lronc3 mn ti lés uu rt uelq ne.; l1t':tnc ht-s en v ic uses qu i sc ml!l a ient dé li e t' encore les ournga n ~. Dans les g r:'lsses c:tmpag iJ CS les l:d JU ure urs ll éposaicnt clans le se in d es ri c h e~ gué rets ku rs plu s c hè res esp<; . ran ceo, pl11s Ju in lYL is;:tic "L d e.-; V<tt.: hes pa is iltlcs et d e blan cs :Jgn c:IIIX . :C,111' la ri v it:: 1·c ri e g:t is rn.ma ux sc balan<; 'l ie nt mull e ul (: IIL ~ur d es i b:~n,u cs JJ uLtant es, d 'antres fe ml:li enL d ' un cu 11rs ll eu r(' II X les rian L>s c:1mpngnes e n hi sn.nt re tc nLir l'ait· dl! lc urs( do ux )c h:tnts c:trl \' nCés; et prGs <l e tn oi <l e t• o n. Gre ux: o isea u x me c hai· nwi ~.; 11 t par l:1. suav it é to nt11 cé les Lc ùc lem s m81orl ies. A ll;;o r bé par l:t conlcrnplat ion d~ cc ra v i :~ a. nt ~ p cc tncl e, Lt nuit au f'ronL c hargé d'é to iles, vi nt mc ~ urp r e nrh c. Le w le il , venait d e sc cu nc ll cr : un lt ~ ll1 rl c:~u de pon rprc nn ancé d 'o r, m:L tq u:tit encore 8:l t race radie 11:'e ù l'll o ri ;r,cJ JJ loi••tn.in d es L a u ~ enLi<l es. L 'éc lat du jour mour:t11L retnp li ssn it. d ' une s u;tv c l't mys téri euS<) ben. ulé ce p:1 _ysage :;oli tn ire ; ~~~ ~ ma;jcst ue ux s ii P. nce r0g nait <lan s le vall on, le v e nt elu so ir sc j o nai t clans la c im e d es mbres ct le bruit hn rmon ie ux de le ur fe u i1lnge se per,iai t dan s l es a irs ;tnc le l\lll n n m e des b lanches e:1 u x de i:l. so •·:o re cnse "cl e; to ut da nt; ce d élic ie ux enfl ro it conco urair. ù e11 Chant.cr les regnrds et :'1 6mo uYo ir Je CtL' tlr. D <~ • s nn tr:tnsport su bit d 'am<> l!r j'e ntonnai a vec lC's Jll•Lib o i~e :~ux , qu i so up irai ent le urs derni ers chan ts, un I<)'HI!:c <l e rceo nnaissancc nu divin créate ur d e toute cLtnse . A près a vo ir saLi s f:-1it :1 cc dou x IJeso in de mon cœ ur ,. je repri s :'1. regre t Je c hemin d e ma clctn<3Lll'e, me promettant bi en c~e v isiter encore . ce ravissant pay s3gc.
. I ~)1 •I
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.Jrt.
ST. VJATEtiR'S COLLEGE JOL"RNAL.
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'humro<: ki> 7, Wilmington G. - Tbe .. t. Jolm Baptist ·ociety annuunces no en~er tainment for June 4tb. -"Smiling Boc1" Carroll \\'aS in the l.Jox for the Wilmingtons. -The contest fur tlle 'ulon E!rtcutioo .J[edul will take place next 'VednP~dny C\ ening a11cl tlte co,ne~t fLr t.bc J-hg:u( l\I ednl next S:t:u rchy. - ' Vbat a granrl thing to he n stn len~ of a ['nivu -
. I''
sify. -~orn e
lJCOple onl_y lwve t•J wnLP to make fools of
themselve~.
)
- "Lnthnm" Concl~tit c.;:q•l.ured lite erowd ::tn d w(Jl' ried the Wilming to us hy his conching. -Th e \ Vilmin)!tOn5 canw and lo~L, hut it was a harr1 ft>ught l.nt.tle and v.~ry cr•.•.lit t!l[,l "" b nth si•lc~ . lt wa~ 11ip and tqck from tilnrt to tini:;h. B<Jt.h ni11<'S wen• ir. gooci trim :md played l'•.tr nil there w:t~ in it. "\sis was the first nppenrnntc of the It< me J,,,_H this ~E':lSttn the ga,!De w:ts anxiomly w:t td1('cl. Tl 1e new lllt·n siHJ \l'f'cl up to good ::ulvantal-!:<'- J.Pruux :1t s hl!rt, Bi~sonnettc at third both did g.Jod \\'urk, '"l!:lc Fln"in on ceCOIH1 pl:tyccl his positiun crec1it:: l>l_, .. T he 11i1•<' lrt<:k~ good rcli::tl.Jle l wtt(• lti Condon, ili,S<tllnl.'lte and Cle:~ry gciiC!':lll\· hit Lite b:lll and Flavin, Les:tgc :t1Hl L l' I'OIIX get in a l.Jit once in a while but cnnnot !te clPpetHkd IIJlOII. The \Vilming·ton cluh pin y uetter IJ:dl llUIV til'llt t.hey li!IV (: pla,, ·ed for the last few ~e :t sons bn~ L 0 ~- ~ ~l.!:< arlmir:tltle wu rk in the box was a prol.tlein wllicb tliey could ;1nt soln:. Carr.. ! I their pitcher i3 :t g•H•tl IJI ;1 11 and I.Jc~i.lc·s ~triking ou~ eleven lliCn dicl tine w11rk witll thL· :;tit·k: llut. liJur llits were mndc ufl' l1in•; t11·u t'n' b:1ggers a1111 two singles. (.'lenry nnd Flavill getting the duulJies :u1d HiYarJ and Lesage ,.a<:ll a sit1glr. F•11· the vi~i!~trs Kee]('_v hecurecl t,hree ~inglc~. Knnc• :111d CJr!·ull <.:;1ci1 two, l'opP ancl Elli<Jtt <•ne apiL'<'l', whiie Fl· •od kl,ll('ked one t!Jnt called t;.r three ]Jag~. This shows Lit lt Les:1ge was l1iL h:ll'llN Lh:ut Carroll, hut. he did 1:"L :dl"w them to IJUnch their bi ts. It 1vas the first ganw that Lc>nge hatlt:itelt<·d thiti sen~nn and cun~idt·ring this l11· did ruJoariwlJI,V well. The home club ~ent tile d8ilor:; to ti1C iJ:lt !ir~t an d retirc<l them in one. twP, three order. The ~hamrocks In t,IJeir lwlt brought in three rtlll~. In tbc ~ccuud, (';(t:ll side scor ed one. Ti1ircl and lumtlt. IJI:wks for bulb. Fitlb, ~hnmrocks nuthing, \\'ilmington three, thu s tieing the score. Sixth, bbnk!'; IIJt hotlt. :-it'Ycnth, Slwrnrock5 two, 'Vilmingt.ons nothing. Eigiil, ltl :tnb. In thP ninth the \Vilmin gton~ ngain tiL·d the ~··ore. It began to iook \ilte n. teu inning game hut the :::iltmnrocks in, their balf, with two men out securer! the winning run. Tbe g-::truc throughout w :1s interesting and nicel,\' player!. The following is the score :by innings nnd the smnmary: Innings l 2 :; -1 ., li I ;-.; :t Sb::~mrocks :; II o II f1 ;? II l - 7
Wilming ton~
:; ll 0 0 :! - G I; 'Wilmington, l; Two L•:'H<!' bits- Fla,·iu. Cleary. Three bnsc bit - Flood Sa<:l illce hits - Lf•snge, l'ondon, C::~n0ll. Stolen hnscs - Bisson11Ptl.•', Cleary (:!),Condon l3), Carroll (:!).Elliot. First lJ:tse on balls - Elliut. Left on ba~es - Sbnmt'C•cks, 4; \\'ilmingtnni'. U. ~t.;·uck ont . D,1 LC'snge, ~~; by Carr~tl] ll. Il it lt.\' p•tclie·l lnll- Clc:try, :Smitl1, Carroll. TiniC';!.Jtl. Fmpirc- .Ji r. K•·:tu~. Attendance-- Jlj:)_ - ?\u IIHI W •·Sl:\'en-Dnllar-Bitb.'' - Tuny. ,\'l,y i~ it .' 'Oil :;taw! .. ver ou Lite l1all alley so lllllc.;lt ~ -Ed. IJ ui\·ille 1\... cloJ0,I1t only k·~ •' i' lead l'C11cils in hi~ Lin ln>X. - l'ir"t lt:t:<l' ln :ln F,·:~zer l1a:; prm·en hitnscll' Lo lw :t vaill'.Jtle ntan IHJt.h in lhu !ield and at tbe i.J:1t.. 0
1
0
0
~arned runs- Sb:unrm:l;~.
-
Sh:unwcks
:1gain~L
the lh;pil:tl nine at Kankakee
Dr' _, t TlH·sd:1_\'.
- Tl.e \Y ilmingtrtn~ " ·;mt to try l,l,cir lnck tlgain wi·tiJ the hrtys. They will l1c be1e within a week or t11·o. - The .JI:ty llln'~"lns an~ nuw lead ing tlte Senior le1gt•e while the Eagles aml Alerts :11·e lie in l. h o Junior (lrganiz:tt i ~ Jil. - Thl' kat-!nes :trc ::ow in good rnnning order. Th e clubs :tre all t>lnying fi 11" hall anrl nrc dr:tw-ing goort I
'1'01\' f 1~.
last
l'itelln Still'l :ty':;
l. l·~:tgl' :tppcare<l to g<tod ac1v:lnlagc in g:tnle. lie is a fine tl\·istcr am! io as coni
:JS a11 ic;l' IH>X. .T1111 :"l'xt"" dc.,ic;; tl1at llc ltn3 signect n contract L J tr;t\'ei wit; , U<~l'lllllll <lS tllc "living skeleton.'' -The :\otre l);tme University Cnrlcts hav e refu:wcl Lo acc-e pt till' t:halleugc cxLcnderl by uur hoy:; for :t COIYI Jll' lit[,·p drill. Tl1c .Juni11r Lt·;ognc wisltes to return tb,tnks to He,-. .\1. .-\ .Dooling for hb generous donation. -(:rent things are CX JWdecl front stlort :->top Leroux in the Sb:l mro<"h. li e is a goor1 pi'lyer n11d mu~t make
a guC>I]
I Cl'<
>l'l I.
-Phi lip Bui,;,·erL ,f Lhc .Tuni•H' Lea;,t·nc is IJecowiug I[L1ite :t ra, ... ,.i,t· Pll nccuunt, of bi~ elegn u t ball l•l:tying. He is n litLlc '·l':tn,;y.''
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lkl'llard OC'nltll ur, latr ot the i\Iinim Lcngue,
wa~
Inst ll't·Pk, ~igned l.ty liJC Alert~ of the .Tunior;;. - Tlte Sharuruck,; l'!r.y at 1\'ilmiugtou~ a wcc·k from Tuesrla_r. - l~cv . E. 1.. I{j,·n 1d wit! oJticia[,e at F airlnlr}' tlllllul'I' O\\'.
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P<'Ler Bis::;unDeLte b pl:ty ing :1 wful gootl
tb~ C·Jloncls. Uc
ball fur is batting :1nt1 !iclding like a profcssio-
nel.
·_ Tbmsday, ,June l:!Lb. IS the day ~Jr the com p etitive r1rill Brtw•'C' Il the C>HIIjlanics of tlle Bnttalion for Lbc "l'•'lltlttlll l K(·111, "
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1ST. V 1ATEUR'~ COLLEGE. JOURNAL.
'llO
-The statue for tl.Je dome of tl.Je new building has been ordered. H will most probably hfl placed in position on 'Commencement Day.
THE 1\IlWALS. - \\'e nl'l' l!alJi'.Y to u.rinOlii!Cf', at the deci s i \'(! IUOment whee compeLitiorrs ~ll'e g"irrg on, tlr:tl, 0\\'rng to t il e generosiLy (>four friends, the re will br· :t lnrge ntrnr l•er of gultl medals thi~ yc:tr than ever l)(·f:>rr'. Th e prospce t of h ,~ ing deel!rate -1 wit.ll :\n cmlllern of excellence in t he presence o f p~rents an(l friend> on COilllllCnCelllent rby should be an im cenLive tu grc<tt effurls. A medal is somctlli ng that furevPr rem· rins a mcmoriril of duty well-clune, a b :tdg·l' urcxcellcnee, lil e Lrop\y of a great. college victory. The miliL:u·y merl :ils hav" :rJ. ready been lllentioned in ou r pt-cceediug i:b ue. . - 'l'o-cl-ly we wuu!d ea ll Lil e EtuJeut's atteJJti"lr to some of tire other med:tls. The violin medal is riiJrr:tled by Rt>.v. l'. A. Sullivan, vf St. Patriek's Cliure lr , Clticngo. The l{ev. ge\:tlema n h ·t~ already 'Sp]eeted :1 design whieh from nn nrt ist. ie s(.;,.nrlpoiot leavr>s uotlrirrg to be de;,ired. -The Legris Jl,leclal for Unilerl Slntc~ His tory i,; orclere(l aud will be n gem as it ever i:;. - The Chuu i narcl Ft:ellch m cchl i:; no . 93 ut' Feel) '" :Kew Catalogue which speaks for it.sc lf. - R C\'. Bernard Flood of Otlumwn, Iow:·r, p:·esP nLs the Blair M e<i al this year. · lt is a ri ch piece of \Yot Knwn sh ip, having very s uggestiv e. e rnl! le ms nnrl l UI pJ.,g:tnl sbnpe. -Rev. M. J. 1.\£:\rsileC. S. Y., will present t.llP J\lirrim D epnnm ent. a very. preLLy gol(1 tuecla l for excellerrce, 'Ve untlerslnnd Lhrtt there nre m:my compelitions for tbis pretty pl'ize . Who'll be the ln t· ky oue. - V. R ev. D•·nu O'R.eilh·, oC D,u tville, Ill., prps r.-r.t~ the m e(bl fur Christt:tn Doctrint·. 1 ~ is G-!4. Fe t>ly'~ Cnt.nlogne. - The T oomy i.\Iednl for history 1s ord•:rcri. (j.J:l. Feel!·· -The O'RPilly Frer1ch .\IPrl :d will he fort.hc•nnittga magnificent indul!ement for English slnrlents not ~·nlv to ~tucly Fr·eneh hut to ex cel! itr il. --The (~ritlltl L:ttin i.\Ietl:ll will be hne in :1 ::,hort time to adnm Lhe Lest latirri~t. - From past yenrs it is known huw gran rl thP J-'qster and Hng:' n 1\lcrlab nlwars nre. Try lt:ll'rl, ye Qu:tektnbos boys and the Elocutit•tli~t;; : -There will also be medals for ,Junior Exet>llenl'c, Penm ~ms hip, Com. Course E.xcellelltC', Pi:u,o, ett·., ele .. whieh we s hall noti ce mor~ fully in om next. Thauk~ to all gcnt'l't!li' rl11uor~.
WHAT CATHOLICS HAVE DO ~E FOR SCIE CE. ( Contmt1ed.) Benjamin Fntnklin, the g reat American p hilosopher, and Coulon, b, a good Cat.hol ic, were nmong tbe first to cultivate this science. It was Coulomb, however, a!ded by Ampere, ~~J,;o a fervent Cntholic, who reduced it to a system by establish ing th e funrlt\meutal laws of st~ttie eleet r iei ty. The m J:;t usef'ul ld nd uf electricity; namllly, Cbl vaui e or Voltaic eleetricity, reeeive~ iEs n ;I. m•~ trorn its t1iscov_ crers, b utb or whom wPre ardent believers of the true Church. It was CnLh.,l rG~ who ft rrnisherl tile m~terial and i\Iorsc who pnt to.c(·L·tl rer tl~e Lele.~r>tph, which play, such 1\.11 inq)t>rLant part in c:ommeree Lu- rl:l.y.
A bouL this t ime tlle elect.rici:tns be.,?,·an t > tiliuk of in· I :·od ueing elec:trtc Jigirt; and Jll:.wlti oes wPre being eol1strucled mo~·e perfecL Cl'ery day until, Grnmme, n Catt.wlic, invented one whieh bas yet to be nrpasscd . TLI 9 next g reat step in electrical sc ietv!e wns mnde ill 1839 when the prinei pie of' lite storage of eleetrieity was di~coverecl by Gusto u Plant e a Uat lio]ie of Brus,..les. Amoug otl:·_r notecl eleetric ians must be ut entiouerl the Abbe C:::;eiJi , who in venLed Lhe par1-t.elegraph which W;rS iutrod uccci into pract.ical service iu 18G.), in b ut b Fc:ttoce and Ru s~ i : t. Leon ·Fo ueaull, a French Calllol ic is well worllly "r rn elll.io ning as it was he , who in 18-!-! invented tlrt• !ir,t dectrie lump, nnmbers of which are now used in :dmost every city of Lhe U nited St:~ tes. There ure sti ll a hu~t or Cali10l i c e lectri einns u n namrci hue we cnu nut to:unc :~ll. Huwe1· e r it is only j n.s t Lv mentwn :i'\obili, wlro devbetl tl~t~ t.lt crrno-elecLr:c pilt', . atrd ,Je:'ttl B.tptiste B iol, wlto Clllllri b ute d lllLiell Lo Lire nd vantement of eleelrie,d seie nee. \\Te will now mention a few of the CaLh•llics ~o p;·omirtcnt in Chelltlslry. 1\Iueh of tiJe pheuomena of :\aLure are referred to C!Jem:stry. ~atme is eumpo~ed u!' t·Crtain elernenLary hodie:; or cle meul;,. The lw u wleti ge of Llr•~sc bodie~, of the ir mutual eumbinaliuno, nre IJI·r 1ngt ab•JLlt, and of tile l:nvs i11 ael'ordance wtto which thL·~e force~ act, eurtstitutc chemistry. CIH'llli~Lry, in ,untc furm, wa s known to many nations of ancient times, hul iL wa~ uut Ulllil llte appr:arnnce ui Lh l::' tht~ory of :--;t:dtl, in the ltl ch ecutmy, LhaL it was reduced to :1 Seit•tree. Thi s theury. huWl'Vt'r, was not al lowed to rew :Ji 11 1\'l!l'll L·t voisi er, :1 Frl'llt:U C< tLlwlil' bi·onght forth his vi 1 ·w~. whrch hnve notl.ll'en matc ~ i:~lly eh:tnged sine•!. \\\: now nvtice a great sLep in <:he,ui:>try due t.o t ir e English QuHktr, Dalton, wuo intrt>dueed the alom~c thet•ry. A111vug the early r:hemists m:1y be menf,ioned the Catholics, Agriculla and Van Helmont. Srmre of ~h.e Catlro.ic ohemists of l:.tter years artJ Dul ung, Petit A no l:ostly Chevreul, who wa · prt>babl,r the greatest of nllld <'rlt r·he mist,;;.
ST.
VJA'l'EUWSCOLLEGI•; JOURNAL .
We wi'll ·no w take a briefglance at phy siology. This sc·it>nce, w,:hich treats of the orgnns nnd their functions, w11s known i'n very a ncient t.imes and bas ma.de slow, but co nstant pro~re~s ever scince. • Among ~h e ancient masters of this science WH8 Claudius Galen of ~' erg am us , who liv ed A. D. 203. For m ore tl'lfm a ·t housand years he was coneiderecl t'b e master in thi s branclJ. In th e 16 th Century however Ves ali u~ , n CM tbolic profesw r of Padua pro \· ed th11 t Gnl<\n's th eory was incor,ec t.. V<>ortlius, with the lwlp <•ftlit · o ther C~ th oiic profe~sors. F .,llopins nnrl Eust:tehiu ~ are now con sidered as the founders of mod~rn anotomical sc ie 11 ce. It wa~ b y the kno wlerlge gained from these C~t tholi cs as well as o t bers, t hrtt H a rv <>y, a no n -catholic, was enab lecl to discover the circulation of the blood . H a rvey' s n~m e 11 0 w ran ks among the fir ot in the science of mod ern a natom y . Ma ny Catholi c. nrtm <'s howe ver are uon sirl er• d but lit,le i11ferior to Hnrvey ' s, for in st., Spallnpzn.ni, who studied the ~ 11bj ect o f diges tion, Mnlpighi, who di scovNe(l tlte c~pi li:Jry eirculatio n whi ch completed. H ·trvey's theory of t.h e circul:ttion, Santorini and Bichnt who mad e"' ~ pf> c inl ty of the ne r vo us sys te m a11d m rt11y ot. hers promin ent amo ng whom is th e illustrio,us M i vn1 t. Zoology wh i'c\1 treaLs of the classifi cation a nd d escript io n of a nim als is properly a branch o f physi o logy. C 11 ,· i<>r is jus t ly regnrrl ecl as the ori ginato r of the m<•cl ern syst em of zoo l•.>gy, ns it wn,~ he, who first co 11 Ceiv ed 11nd pu~ into a pmcticnl timn th e el a.~s ifi cn.t i on of' th e a nin ml kinf!cl Om bnsed nn th eir lhttnr.al st r ucture. C tl ,-ier, th011gh a non-Catholi c believed firmly a nd d evoutly in a C reator. Frum th e for egoin g we mny ju Ht.ly con c lurl e, 1st., t.hn t the Catholic C hurc h is not a ncl 1w ver has been opposer! to science, 2dly. , that by beco ming a ~cie nti s t , a Catholi c need .not a.banrlon his reli g ion, b ut, on 1he con trnry. th nt the more profound he beco mes in eci entific lor e th e more re a.rlil y will be prece ive that re ligi o n anrl Ec ience are not in co nfl ic t. W ell , the n, may Catholics feel proud o f th eir pred.,. ces~o rs in this nobl e wt •rk: well may t hey rletermine t r• pu · h o n in the patl1 of sc ience rej oieing t hat th ey can · look up thro11gh Natme to Natur e's Gurl . M. T . Len nartz .
BOOKS AND PERIODICALS.
Boston Mustcal H e1·ald for 1\iay devote1- co nsid erable space to "Church Music" A very w ort hy subject and one on which a grea.t d eal ca.n be sai rl, That Sacred Music should have an important place in our servic.es t here are lew who doubt; but too mtc ny have wrong i rlea.~ o n the sn b,iect and woulrl mAke evllr_y t hi n~ • ecQ ncl -
11 1
f!'Y to mu s ic. Th e rlerald has mu ch to int e r est the music: dly in c lin ecl . T he i\-f:> y nu:nb '" r of Werne'r',• Voice Mag(lzine is ce r tainly a n PXee ll ent paper. Thi s wo rth y journa l el evates its space to voi ce c ult ure a 11rl duc ut.i on a nd surely no het,te r ex po ne nt co ulrl he wi,-hecl ror . " L ampe?·ti's Vocal Method ;· 'l'lwittrical Dnne i 1•g and p, ,n tom ine ;" ·•P rim e r of EloC11tion ancl At:t io n ;" ancl c hapters o n ·•At>stil etie P!JysicR I C nl tu rP, a re a mon g th e nH• re i nterebting n,rtic lesBe s ill e~ I ll ere :1re m·tny fi 11e e l ocu tion :uy select ions . $ 1.50 per yen r. Edgar S. Wr n~e r, \~8 West 23,TI st. N. Y. O ne cuuld harc!ly im :tgin e liner penwork th n.n t he bea utiful ~c l ect icons wh ic h lil l th e Penma n '~ A1·tJounwl. Th er<~ a re o:-tmples of e vt>ry kind of pe n work, wh1 ch r.re nrti s ~ic in Lli e hig :1es t. r!t,g ree. Ir t he Journal rl oes not meet the w :111~S of penm en, professional o r a mature w.e w<•uld be at :t g re tt los' t' ·tec •)U ilt for their tastes. $ 1.00 pt>r An. D. 'I'. Am es 20'l Bwndway st. New York. w·e h a \· ·~ receiv erl from Abbot Rnrl Cutter B<JSton Mass. san 1p le pages of Coliegwn Song Bo:)k, whi c h i ~ n collection ot solos and quarteto d esig ned eopeciall y for mal e v<>iC<'~ . Th erein w p, fv und "R<'S tllts o f H nsh- ho nse B oard " "Eyen Song," a.nrl som e darky strains on B:1se B:{ll. The B >ok is r~arly , and will be sent to a oy address or r ccei pt of t li e pri ee 50c~s. The ~Vovel,st. i;; 0 11 e of the littl e Marsn:dn es isfue(l by th e Alden Bonk "A Sea Isl a nd Roma1_1ce." begun in the J a n. Jou mlwr ends in th e April i s~ w . Thi s sa me story pn blished in bovk furm cos ts tiOcts, wh ile the .Novelist costs o 1dy 25ds. for a wbt•le year. A lden Book Co. 093 P €a rl St. N , Y. 2 42 W a bas h Ave. Chicago. The Trave ller pu b lishecl mouthly by A lcte n Buo k Co. furnishes its readers many choice accounts of trave l ancl Ml ve nture. The A pril is•ue contains the opening r.bapt ers of Stftnley's "!<:m in P as h:t Exped iti o n" by A. J. Wauters chi ef editor of the Jl!lovement GPOgrap hiq?ce, Brussflls. Ti.<' c l enprst edition of this great work is $2 .00. The histo.ty will be co mpleterl in the July number and t he ye :~rly su bsc ri ption is 25cts .
no.
I<:XC HA. NGES We h'tve been t:wored of late w it h som e new ac ·q nainta nces, which is a sign tbat College J ournali sm is 1 0 longer an e:x perime nt but see ms in fact a necesoity. The H ig hland'f!·, plump a nd hea rty . ha tls from ~b e . J of D en vP-r , Col. The Apri l nu mber. h ~<s b-a. Ill y r·errions 0 ~, many ![OOd artic les, in partir.ubtr one on " Our NatiOn.' ThP- writer sees mu c h t.o lament in <•Ur country. espe cially in the un equ al distribut ion of wen lth. There i~ sureiy som ethin g to a p prehend fro t~ t l!is evi l, anc\ we can bard lv accuse th e writer of pess1m1sm. 1'he 11 tinel ]lllil s from the la n.J of Dftnie l Boone. It
$,;
.)l. V lA l'l:WK::S COL L.KGI£ JOURNAL.
is m ilitary to some extent. We rather like yo u fiw th:' t frie t;J, <> it1ce we in Ju lge in the scie nce oursel ves. J3ut. tbe people ofSt. Marys are literary also, as we judge from some c h o i·~e things we r eact in the Se11t'inel. "Patriotism'' bas some 0t' th e ~p iJ· it we mi g ht ex pec t from one drinking in the tree a ir of o ld K e ntu c ky , not t.o speak of--we ll we sha ll alwnys welcn.rne you but we warn you to b e more careful of Milit:uy t erm s th an Eo ne of our other excha11ges are. The Atlantis is a lso an exponent ot blu e grassinn id eas. It comes from Richmond . " Woman 's Spbe re" the k arl. ina article d evotes considerab le sp:tee to the ex pos iti on 0 ofth::~t a ll-impo rta nt qu estiou. Pa.rts o f thi s :tnic le seem t e rrihly se rm o n like, in fact we think it was th e inte n tion of tbe writer to give us a serm o n. •·Fiat .Justitia, Ruat Cceltmt,'' is n e t r' bad subject to lecture 011 . We followed the writer througll the . "g loon·y corrid o rs o r ages,'' we nt out thro ug h the ' 'gate of hi sto ry" a nd to und ourselves in th e "Cemetery of natio ns." th e re I is:e n_ ed to the lecture r speeeuify over the grave t>f A s~y ri a;
·we
th en we e ndured a harangue concerning l:'ersia and al!! noth ing rttat so fa r , we went to Rome's tom.bstone. Then we must have got o ut o f the grave-yard beeause France and America th e n s uffered nttack o; from the le c tnrE>r. We are reall y pnzded at Lhi s so-call.ed lecture becanse we can't rn ~ k e up our minds whet he r it is a humoro us article or no t.. If i t is intender! fo r a funny a rticle the writer lms a deep wit. It's fun11y anyhow. The Academian is a bra n new thing, whi ch took its rise in Pu iask i, N. Y. IV s :lit exper im e nt if we can believe tb€' ed ito rs. We alway~ feel like e ncu urug i11 g t l1 e we~k a nd len<1ing ev •~ r.v a id we can lo thuse ju s t sth r t in g o ut in li fe. This is the w~y we fee l towards tbe Ar:~tdonian. We fe lt a li ttle hnrt h ow , ~ ver to see suc h a venerable a nec dote as •'Frauklin's T oast" sporting itself so gR.y ly in th e V irgin Co lumn s of th e young Academian . We do feel sad t o see rud e hands break int.o th€' ha llowed t-ombs ofthe past a nd di stnrb the treasured dust of ages. D o n't do it. b oys or your expe·n:m ent will be drowued in its ow n t ea r~.
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EN<TLHH MANUALS 0 1' CATH OL[C PHfLOt;OPHY. !Oclitetl l•y Jlev. lli ch Md F. Cla.ri;e S ..J . 1 111 11, c lu( IJ . · ' 1. l.ut;H ' . By lli<·ha.rcl F C' larke. S. J . at $1,25 net. ~. FtntiT l ' RJJS(;J l'r.•: ~ OF KNOWJ,J>;DG-E . l. y Juhu Ri<·l<"l>Y, t; .J . Professor of Logic <W et G•··twt·Hl Me1nph ysics at tit. Mary·s Hall. Sto nylmrst, net $ 1.25 MOll.-\ !. l:' HJLOSl' H Y (ETHI CS AJS.O NATURAL
LAw ). By .J<•se ph l{tdotby. ti. J. n et, $ ( .25 4 NATU itA L THIWLOGY. BJ Berna rd Boecldar, S J , Professor of Natural TheolOI!Y at St. Mary 's Ha ll , Stony horst. "Nt•arl y r eady. " '• PSYC H OLOGY B y Mi ch<tt l Maher, s: .J.. Professor of Men ta l Philo sophy "t <>tonyhurst Coll ege. " Prepa l'lng" . ''· GE NEllALM tr.T•PHYSICS. By J•Jhn Rickaby, S. J . "P t·e pa,nn g" 17R MoNJWE ST. CHICAGO ILLs.
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ANI..)
~92
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E.
I st
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CoXtiiU:.<JA'flU. tit' • 'oTuK 0 A!IU:. . This lu-,.,~tuliuu _afturd"- t-\tll')" o:«ha.uhtgt• fur ~ UHII:! l.ouil~ •.l ... ~tn~t' uf ob~441UlJtg n ~tlid a:ud ttuhlwd •·~l!wat1u11. f,.,. 1•art1ruJ~rs •lt~JI) tu M..tt... r "ullt"f'l...-.
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Bu n k,., 'St>\\:>; , .:\lu,.ic, \'f :.t ii-Pa (wl·, \\' i 1ulnw Shadf-'s,
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