Numerics - A book about numbers and any numerics of human civilization

NUMERICS

A BOOK ABOUT NUMBERS

A book about numbers and any numerics of human civilization Numbers are the basic of the knowledge.

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Preface About Numbers Types of Numbers

Number 5 Number 6 Number 7 Number 8 Number 9

Preface Before learn science and mathematics, numbers are the most basic and fundenmental concept we learn. The most basic we know about maths is 1+1=2, then the deeper we goes comes there comes the mutiply and divide.

As we know that Maths is more than just numbers, how about numbers itself? Numbers is a set of tools exist as that use in calculation, measurement and labeling purpose. In common usage, it is also a symbol, a word that tells everything and even mathematical abstraction. Besides, numbers also exist in our daily life, working as an invisible but also an important hero.

The book will talks about the cultural signiďŹ cance about the numbers throughout the world, and how important the number exist in our life.

Fibonacci mentioned that arabic numbers are useful than roman numerals. He then prooved them through his own writting, Liber Abaci

About 1234567890

Numbers nowadays also pronounce as HinduArabic numbers, and they are the combination of only 10 digits were introduced. The digits are introduced by Leonardo Pisano, aka Fibonacci an North Africa educated Italian matematician.

In his early ages, Fibonacci learned arabic numerals for helping in his family business, then he mentioned that arabic numerals is more useful than roman numerals, so he went and was taught mathematics Bugia and carried them to Italy. Fibonacci wrote his knowledge as a book named Liber Abaci, a book about addressing the applications of both commercial tradesmen and mathematicians, it contributed to convincing the public of the superiority of the system, and the use of these glyphs.

Our prehistoric ancestors would have had a general sensibility about amounts and quantities, and would have instinctively known the difference between one, two or many antelopes. But the intellectual leap from the concrete idea of two things to the invention of a symbol for the abstract idea of “two” took many ages to come about. Mathematics along with a formal system of numbers initially developed when the civilizations settled and developed agriculture - for the measurement of plots of land, the taxation of individuals, and so on. This was first occurred in the Sumerian and Babylonian civilizations of Mesopotamia (roughly, modern Iraq) and in ancient Egypt.

The numeral set used in the Middle East today is a cousin of the modern numeral set, with a common ancestor in the ancient Hindu numerals. In fact, the Eastern Arabic numerals (also called Arabic–Indic numerals) are specific numerals currently used to represent the Hindu–Arabic numeral system in conjunction with the Arabic alphabet in the countries of the Arab east, and its variant (Persian numerals) in other countries.

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However, the first Western use of the digits, without the zero, was reported in the Vth century

by Beothius, a Roman writer. Beothius explains, in one of his geometry books, how to operate the abacus using marked small cones instead of pebbles. Those cones, upon each of which was drawn the symbol of one of the nine Hindu-Arabic digits, were called apices. Thus, the early representations of digits in Europe were called “apices”. Each apex received also an individual name: Iginfor 1, Andras for 2, Ormis for 3, Arbas for 4, Quimas (or Quisnas) for 5 , Caltis (or Calctis) for 6, Zenis (or Tenis) for 7, Temenisa for 8, and Celentis (or Scelentis) for 9. The etymology of these names remains unclear, though some of them were clearly Arab numbers. The Hindu-Arabic-like figures reported by Beothius were reproduced almost everywhere with the greatest fantasy.

Before adopting to the Hindu-Arabic numeral system, people used the Roman figures instead, which actually are a legacy of the Etruscan period. The Roman numeration is based on a biquinary (5) system.To write numbers the Romans used an additive system: V + I + I = VII (7) or C + X + X + I (121), and also a substractive system: IX (Ibefore X = 9), XCIV (X before C = 90 and I before V = 4, 90 + 4 = 94). Latin numerals were used for reckoning until late XVI century.

Numbers work as a powerful tool in our life, in calculation, measurement, labeling purpose, and others. Numbers are classified into different classes and types. A lot of numbers, infinitely many as it happens. Because of these mathematicians need a way to classify the numbers, a way to group them and tell them apart from each other.

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Natural Numbers or the counting numbers, they are probably the first type of numbers you will have come across. The natural numbers are the whole numbers greater than zero. These numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, …, numbers that you can physically count. However, the Natural Numbers do not include negative values. For these we need another group. Different from natural numbers, the Whole Numbers group includes 0 in the set of numbers, which we also call Intengers.

Integers are whole numbers, both negative and positive, including zero. These numbers are …, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, …. Positive integers are integers greater than zero, and negative integers, not surprisingly, are integers less than zero.

Rational number are numbers that can be written as a fraction where both the numerator and denominator are integers. This means that both the top and bottom of the fraction are whole numbers. Examples of these would be \frac{1}{3} and \frac{23}{7}.Irrational Numbers are numbers that can’t be written as fractions, examples of these are ones such as \pi and \sqrt{2}. If we try to write these numbers as decimals they go on forever, with no recurring digits.

Numbers Square Numbers are integers that can be written as the square of some other integers, ie. a product of an integer multiplied by itself. Examples of these are 4, (2×2) and 81, (9×9). Square Numbers can also be written in the form 5^2. This notation means 5 squared, which is 25. Surds are numbers left in the form \sqrt{n}, where n is a positive integer that is not a square number.

Natural Numbers Integers Rational Numbers Irrational Numbers Square Numbers Surd Prime Numbers Real Numbers

Prime numbers are numbers greater than 1 that can only be divided by themselves and 1 to give an integer answer. Example of these are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, …. Note that 2 is the first and only even prime number.But there are some courses class the number 1 as a prime number, if unsure it is again best to check with your teacher.

Real numbers are all the numbers that you have ever come across, all of the rational and irrational numbers. All of these real numbers can be written in a finite or infinite decimal form, such as \ sqrt{2} = 1.414213562… and \pi = 3.141592654 .

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Single

to be odd or be No. 1 One, is a number, a glymph and a numeral that represent single. The word one can be used as a noun, an adjective. As a number, number one is the ďŹ rst non-zero natural number. It is thus the integer before two and after zero, and the ďŹ rst positive odd number.

As a digit, the glyph used today in the Western world to represent the number 1, a vertical line, often with a serif at the top and sometimes can be a short horizontal line at the bottom, traces its roots back to the Indians, who wrote one only in a horizontal line, much like the Chinese character.

The Gupta wrote number one as a curved line, and the Nagari sometimes added a small circle on the left which had rotated a quarter turn to the right, this 9-look-alike shape became the present day numeral one in Gujarati and Punjabi scripts.

Other than Gupta, the Nepali also rotated it to the right but kept the circle small.This eventually became the top serif in the modern numeral, but the occasional short horizontal line at the bottom probably originates from similarity with the Roman numeral one. In some countries, the serif at the top is sometimes extended into a long upstroke, sometimes as long as the vertical line, which can lead to confusion with the glyph for seven in other countries, where the one is written with a long upstroke, and the number seven has a horizontal stroke through the vertical line.

You have to be odd or be No. 1

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One

01 As the first number in the digits, one always plays a great role. Number one always seen as a number of the first and the very best, quality or grade. It is a more important and the most noticeable number. Everything with the best quality or grades comes with number one.

In chinese culture, one is the simplest number, but they have the most complex culture and meaning. Chinese people respect number one for its meaning of the first and winner as the same in Western culture. It is easy to find how people love the word yi (meaning One) from the Chinese ancient literature. They endowed it with many different meanings and even various parts of speech, such as unique, each, same, combined, unified, concentrated, pure, always, and once. There are over 260 phrases and more than 420 idioms beginning with this word in Chinese language system.

One is neither auspicious nor inauspicious in the chinese culture. The combination of number one with some others numbers have positive meanings, such as 1314 because the pronunciations in Chinese similar to the phrase means lifetime or forever, which is widely used between lovers. Sometimes, One (Yi in Chinese pinyin) sounds similarly to the word ‘You’ (Ni in pinyin). The common use of 5211314 in social network language means ‘I love you forever’, and 521 simply means ‘I love you’, which is the most beautiful line to all.

In the west, the number 1 is a masculine number, the number of beginnings and creation. It is the warrior, a primal number that sets action and change into motion. Positively, this number is associated with leadership, energy, courage and initiative, but negatively, the 1 can play out as impatient, impulsive and confrontational. The 1 is at its most positive when in the realm of work.

02

2

Number two also call even. It is the smallest prime number, and the only even prime number. For this reason, number two sometimes called “the oddest prime”. Two is the first Sophie Germain prime, the first factorial prime, the first Lucas prime, and the first Ramanujan prime. Number two and three both are the only two consecutive prime numbers.

Two is the base of the binary system, the numeral system with the least number of tokens allowing to denote a natural number and substantially more concise, compared to a direct representation by the corresponding count of a single token and tokens.

The glyph of number two used in the modern Western world to represent the number 2 traces its roots back to the Indic Brahmic script, where “2” was written as two horizontal lines. The modern Chinese and Japanese languages still use this method. The Gupta script rotated the two lines 45 degrees, making them diagonal.

The top line was sometimes also shortened and had its bottom end curve towards the center of the bottom line. In the Nagari script, the top line was written more like a curve connecting to the bottom line. In the Arabic Ghubar writing, the bottom line was completely vertical, and the glyph looked like a dotless closing question mark. Restoring the bottom line to its original horizontal position, but keeping the top line as a curve that connects to the bottom line leads to our modern glyph.

stands a very static condition. It seen as balance (the two sides), stability and reflection. Besides, two are the opposite poles. It represents the dual nature of the human being. It is desire, since all that is manifest in duality is in pairs of opposites. As One represents a point, two represents a length. The Binary is the first number to recede from Unity, it also symbolizes sin which deviates from the first good and denotes the transitory and the corruptible. Two represents two-fold strength— that is symbolized by two of anything, usually in history, by animals in pairs.

Two

The culture reference of number two mostly stands in a very good meaning. In chinese, two also call “Er” or “Liang”. It represents feminine, which means Yin in chinese. In chinese, two stands for a good and nice meaning as chinese believes things that come in odd number means luck and auspicious.

As there is a Chinese saying, “good things come in pairs”. Number two is common to use double symbols in product brand names, such as double happiness, double coins, and others. Chinese people believe in the the eggs that contain twin egg yolk brings prosperity and luck. This same goes to the mandarine ducks which always comes in a pair, they are believed to be lifelong couples unlike other species of ducks.

In west culture, for Christianity, they believe Christ with two natures as God and Humans.

According to Revelation: Two is the number of witness. According to Mark 6:7, the disciples were sent out by two’s. Beside, two witnesses are required to establish truth (Deu 17:6, John 8:17, 2 Cor 13:1). Examples in Revelation are the beast out of the earth who has two horns like a lamb but spoke like a dragon (13:11).

He is the false prophet.

However, the two witnesses are the true prophets of God (11:3). For Platonic’s creator, Plato says two is a digit without the meaning as it implies relationship, which introduces the third factor.

3, remains the largest n still written with the nu lines corresponding to (though the Ancient Ro usually wrote 4 as IIII, the notation IV became the notation throughout an the Middle Ages). To th is written as three lines and Chinese numerals. true regarding to the B Indians’ numerical nota

number umber of o the value omans e subtractive he preferred nd after this day, 3 s in Roman . This is also Brahmin ation.

The Three

However, the path towards the modern glyph began with the Gupta, who modified the number through the addition of a curve on each line. Hence forth, the Nagari rotated the lines in a clockwise manner, and began ending each line with a slight downward stroke on the right. Eventually, they these strokes were connected as a result of ease, in a manner similar to cursive with the lines below. The number of three’s roots stem from the meaning of multiplicity, creative power and growth. In numerlogy, three is a moving forward of the energy, overcoming duality, expression, manifestation and synthesis. Three is the first number to which the meaning “all” was given, it is the triad, being the number of the whole as it contains the beginning, a middle and an end.

Power & Symbol of Number 3

The power of three is universal and is the tripartide nature of the world such as heaven, earth, and waters. It is human as body, soul and spirit. It is also birth, life, death, the beginning, middle and end. Three is also a complete cycle unto itself. It is the past, present, future. The symbol of three is the triangle, three interwoven circles or triangles can represent the indissoluble unity of the three persons of the trinity. Others than triangle, symbols using three are: trident, fleur-de-lis, trefoil, trisula, thunderbolt, and trigrams.

Philisophy

In Philosophy, three stands a meaning of complete and perfect. Pythagoras, the pre-Socratic Greek philosopher believe that three is a complete shape, it stands for completion. The greek philosopher, Aristotle also support that three is a perfect number, as it has a head and end in body of number three.

Besides, there are three conceptions of Philosophy, which they stands for Logic and Ethics by Socrates, Wittgenstein’s Kantian Ethics, and Schweitzer and World-view, there are tight relationships between the three concept.

3

As number Three is the first number to which the meaning “all” was given. It is the Triad, being the number of the whole as it contains the beginning, a middle and an end. In Christianity, number three represents the Trinity, the soul, the union of body and soul in human in the church.

There were three gifts of the Magi to Christ as God-King-Sacrifice; three figures of transformation, temptations, denials by Peter .

There were 3 crosses at Calvary, He died on The Hills, there were 3 days to the death process for Christ, and there were 3 appearances after his death. There were 3 Marys, and there are 3 qualities or theological virtutes being Faith, Hope, Love or more commonly known as Charity.

The number three also gives to the meaning the embracing Godhead - Father, Mother, Son/Daughter.

II

II

However in Chinese culture, three is the limit in. There’s a saying “shi bu guo san” , which means nothing should occur repeatedly more than 3 times”. This is the same to the English equivalent would be “three strikes, you’re out”. Usually when people say this, they are giving you a warning, meaning “don’t make the same mistake again”. Also, three is traditionally a generic number to mean there is ‘a small group’ of people. For example, you might find many Chinese idioms that go “three people etc etc”, they don’t mean exactly that 3 people. It just means “more than one person”.

3

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Four is the ďŹ rst solid number, represent wholeness, totality, completion and solid. The origin of number four comes from suqare and the cross, represents steadiness, comprehensive and withness.

According to Encyclopedia Britannica, the number of order in the universe is four, which is the four elements of the earth, air, ďŹ re, and water; the four seasons; the four points of the compass; the four phases of the Moon (new, half-moon waxing, full, half-moon waning) and Four Noble Truths epitomize Buddhism. To the Pythagoreans, four was the source of the tetractys which is 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10, the most perfect number. In the medieval times there were thought to be four humours which is phlegm, blood, choler, and black bile, hence the adjectives phlegmatic, sanguine, choleric, and melancholic), and the body was bled at various places to bring these humours into balance.

Symbolic

Number four play as symbol of comprehensive, this can be shown through our daily life. There are four sides to a square, four arms to a cross.

There are four rivers to Paradise, that formed a cross , which the Garden of Eden was said to be within the four rivers. Within the Paradise were four infernal regions, seas, and the sacred mountains. There are four watches of the night and day, quarters of the moon, four quarters to the earth, and four tetramorphs. The Divine Quaternity is in direct contrast to the Trinity. Four is a symbolic number used throughout in the Old Testament. The quaternary can be depicted as the quatrefoil as well as the square and the cross.

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In human culture, all meanings of the number four are subordinate to the focus and sense of purpose the four has in relation to it’s building of a secure foundation for the future. We have four seasons, four types of animals which they are the creeping, four-legged, two-legged and flying. Besides, every mankind will go through four ages of every humans which are the infant, children, mature and eldery in our whole lifetime.

As in other culture, number four plays an important role. The best example can be shown through the Native Amercican cultures have used the number four most frequently as in four cardinal directions.

The four winds are depicted by the symbol of the cross and by the symbol of the Swastika. Swastika as some misbelieve was not created by Hitler and it was instead borrowed from the Native American and occult beliefs of which Hitler had great interests.

Adolf Hitler derived his “insanity” power from his misdirected interpretation and use of metaphysical principles. He used the knowledge that his human consciousness couldn’t possibly understand and the use of this knowledge for personal gain is the part of the imbalance that creates chaos and karma.

4

4

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4

For Hindus, Number Four is totality, plenitude and perfection. Brahma, the Creator is four faced. The temple is based on the four sides of the square, symbolizing order and finality. There are four tattvas the four bodies of human and kingdoms of nature which are animal, vegetable, mineral, mind. Four is the winning throw of the dice and there are also four castes and pairs of opposites.

However, as four is a generally practical and material number, sometimes number four stands for a very unlucky meaning. In the East Asian cultures, four means unlucky as the pronounciation of number four in chinese is similar to death. This can be shown through the daily life of some certain country like Hong Kong and Malaysia. Most of the apartment buildings and the doorplates will avoid number four.

This is same to the western country that believes the number thirteen stands a very unlucky meaning.

5

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is the symbol of human microcosm. The number of the human being. Human forms, the pentagon when arms and legs are out stretched. Pentagon is endless, share the symbolism of the perfection and power of the circle. Five is a circular number as it produces itself in its last digit when raised to its own power. The pentacle, like the circle shape symbolizes whole, the quincunx being the number of its center and the meeting point of the heaven, the earth, and the four cardinal points plus the center point.

Number Five is also representative of the Godhead, the Central Creator of the fours plus itself equalling ďŹ ve. Five is the marriage of the hieros gamos as the combination of feminine and masculine. Feminine being even as the number two, in frequency and masculine being odd as number three in frequency which is number ďŹ ve.

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Besides, number five symbolizes meditation; religion; versatility. It represents the five senses (taste, touch, smell, sight, hearing) everywhere except in the East. In the East there are six---the extra being Mind. We find meanings to five in the five petaled flower, five pointed leaves--especially the ROSE. The Rose has much symbolism, but also the lily, vine, all of which represent the microcosm.The five pointed star depicts individuality and spiritual aspiration, and education when it points upward. The five pointed star pointing downward represents witchcraft, and it is used in black magic. Noted: There is a very broad difference between witchcraft and black magic.The number five formed the first counting process from which all else came.

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Five

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Meditation Religion Versality In human culture, 5 is more close to our daily life. Mankind have five sense which are a nose and mouth, a pair of eyes, a pair of ears and a pair of eyebrows. We have five fingers, and flowers have five petals.

In Buddhist, the belief the heart has four directions-- the heart center makes five, symbolizing, universality. This idea is also symbolized by the Sacred Mountains surrounded by the four islands. There are five Dhyani Buddhas: Vairocana, the Brillant, who is represented by the wheel, the witness; Akshobhya, the Imperturbable, with vajra, the East and blue; Ratnasambhava, the Jewel-born, jewel, south, yellow; Amitabha, Boundless Light, lotus, West, red; Amoghasiddhi, Infallible Success, sword, North, green.

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In Islamic, five stands a very sacred number.

There are five pillars of religion, and five Devine Presences; five fundamental dogmas; five actions; and five daily times of prayer.

SIX

6 2x3=6 2+2+2=6 Six represents jealous and small minded Six represents equilibrium, harmony and balance. In mathematics, six is a perfect number which when all the numbers divisors are added, the sum equals the number six itself which is 1+2+3=6. In In addition when including the number itself and dividing by two the result is the number itself, which (1+2+3+6) / 2 = 6. Number 6 is the most productive of all tending to be more focused on the little details while ignoring numbers, it symbolizes union of polarity, the hermaphrodite being the bigger pictures represented by the two interlaced triangles, the upward-pointing as male, ďŹ re and the heavens, and the downward-pointing as female, the waters and the earth. Six is the symbol of luck, love, health, beauty and chance. It is a highest and the winning number at the throw of the dice in the West.

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As six is the number of love, it also is the symbol of Venus, which is the goddess of Love in Ancient Rome. In the Tarot, number six is the card of the Lover, but it means seperation or temptation when we reverse it. Six is Six is the number of also a very funny number. According to Christianity, the God created the devil and satanic The number of human and devil world in six days, and first human which is the Adam and Eve was created on the sixth day. Same to the culture above, six in Pythagorean also means luck. Same to the Chinese culture, Chinese people take number six as a fortunate number which means everything means smooth and well-off. In Chinese, there is a idiom call “Liu Liu Da Shun”. “Liu” means six in chinese, 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 and the idom means everything is going smoothly. Additionally, 6 has a 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 666 wide use in China history. For example, Chinese Classical Six Arts refer to 666 666 666 666 Etiquette, Music, Archery, Riding, Writing, and Mathematics. There are six Kinfolks refer to father, mother, brother, sister, wife and children.

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However in Christianity, represent humanity, it a weakness, the evils of Sat of sin. Man was created are appointed 6 days to Revealation 13:18,“H him who has understa number of the beast, of a man and his num sixty six.� The 666 not number of man ... ... ...

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Seven

ecurity, safety and rest. ecause it is three of the with four (the body) of spiritual and temporal. presents completeness perfection and synthesis, aily life. One of the most e the seven ancient and seven days per week.

ecurity, safety and rest. ecause it is three of the with four (the body) of spiritual and temporal. presents completeness perfection and synthesis, aily life. One of the most e the seven ancient and seven days per week.

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Seven stands for perfection, se It is the number of Universe be heavens (the soul) combined w earth, it is the number of both Seven in all human cultures rep and totality, macrocosm, safety, p and It can be found in the our da correspondences examples are new wonders of the world and

Seven stands for perfection, se It is the number of Universe be heavens (the soul) combined w earth, it is the number of both Seven in all human cultures rep and totality, macrocosm, safety, p and It can be found in the our da correspondences examples are new wonders of the world and

VII

ecurity, safety and rest. ecause it is three of the with four (the body) of spiritual and temporal. presents completeness perfection and synthesis, aily life. One of the most e the seven ancient and seven days per week.

ecurity, safety and rest. ecause it is three of the with four (the body) of spiritual and temporal. presents completeness perfection and synthesis, aily life. One of the most e the seven ancient and seven days per week.

Seven stands for perfection, se It is the number of Universe be heavens (the soul) combined w earth, it is the number of both Seven in all human cultures rep and totality, macrocosm, safety, p and It can be found in the our da correspondences examples are new wonders of the world and

Seven stands for perfection, se It is the number of Universe be heavens (the soul) combined w earth, it is the number of both Seven in all human cultures rep and totality, macrocosm, safety, p and It can be found in the our da correspondences examples are new wonders of the world and

Seven stands for perfection, security, safety and rest.

It is the number of Universe because it is three of the heavens (the soul) combined with four (the body) of earth, it is the number of both spiritual and temporal.

Seven in all human cultures represents completeness and totality, macrocosm, safety, perfection and synthesis, and It can be found in the our daily life. One of the most correspondences examples are the seven ancient and new wonders of the world and seven days per week.

Just like number five, seven in Chinese culture has both positive and negative meaning. Seven sounds like start or rise in Chinese, and it also represents Yin and Yang and the five elements.

The combination of Yin and Yang and the five elements (Gold, Wood, Water, Fire, and Earth) are considered as“harmony” in Confucianism.

The seventh day of the seventh month in Chinese calender is regarded as Chinese Valentines Day, which also call QiXi. As seven stands for the meaning of totally and safety, this can be show in a new word in Malaysian Cantonese dialect. The word Conlan7firm in Malaysian Cantonese dialect stands for a swearing which means it is very much a certain truth. Seven is also consider as a unlucky number in Chinese, because the 7th month is also known as the “ghost month”, where ghosts and spirits are believed to rise from hell to visit earth. While ghosts may be seen as omens, the ghost festival in the 7th month is widely celebrated for taoism.

For most of the largely Christianity western country, seven goes to a lucky number. Christianity believe that god creates the universe in seven days, and human was created on the sixth day. In western casinos, once a person wins at the slot machines if the triple sevens was gotten, and seven is the most probable outcome of rolling two dice. According to William Shakespear in ‘All the world’s a stage’, humans have seven stages of life compare to the three stage of life. The seven ages refers to infant, schoolboy, lover, soldier, justice, pantalone, and old age. Life is like a stage that everyone would play a life to play, the seven ages represents the different roles to play for each person in lifetime.

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VI

Eight, the symbol of harmony and balance.

It symbols making decision, abundance and power.

Pythagoreans pronounce number eight as “Ogdoad” and considered it the “little holy number”.

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EIGHT VIII VIIII Eight in Chinese culture stands for a very lucky number. It means prosperity because when we pronounce it sounds much like the word “prosper� in Chinese. Chinese believe multiples eight are better than a single eight, like double 8 means double happiness and prosperity. As number 8 have such prosperity and lucky meaning, so it walks into chinese people daily life. It can be found in the cash money amount and address. Chinese believe 8 brings luckiness, this can be shown through the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympics in China which began on 8th August 2018 at 8 seconds and 8 minutes past 8 pm. In Chinese, number 8 is associated with the Earth element, melding the ideas of stability, determination and goals with the realm of money and success.

PROS PE RITY HUAT AH!

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Eight in many cultures and ideologies seems to have similar meanings which is felicity, perfect rhythm, regeneration and resurrection. In some myths the eighth day created the new “man” of grace. After seven days of fasting and penance the eighth day becomes plenty and renewal. 7+1 is the number of the octave which is a continual theme in all esoteric belief systems. The knowledge of frequency and sound are a vital key in the ancient “mystery schools”. Besides, the 8 represents balance above all else in the west. Like Chinese Numerology, the 8 also represents success and prosperity in the west -- but not free of cost. One must give generously in order to receive the benefits of the 8. From a positive angle, the 8 represents efficiency, power, strength and respect, but negatively, the 8 can be greedy, aggressive and dishonest.

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9

9

THE NINE Triple TRIAD

Number nine is the composed of the all-powerful 3x3. It is the Triple Triad - Completion, fulďŹ llment, attainment, beginning and the end. Number nine is a celestial and angelic number. Number nine is the number of the circumference, its division into 90 degrees and into 360 for the entire circumference. It is also symbolized by the two triangles which are a symbol of male, ďŹ re, mountain and female, water, cave principles.

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Besides six and eight, Chinese people like nine very much as nine has the same pronunciation with long lasting in Chinese. On the Valentine’s Day, a man usually presents his lover 99 or 999 roses to symbolize the eternal love. Similarly, according to the traditional Chinese marriage custom, the bridegroom has to give a Red Packet to his bride’s family, in which CNY 9,999 or CNY 99,999 is enclosed to bless a long-lasting marriage of the couple.

Since Nine, the highest single-digit number in base ten, stands for the completeness and eternity, many emperors in the ancient China love number nine a lot. ‘Nine Continents’ is used to describe the large territory of an empire. The emperors in ancient China wore Nine-dragon Imperial Robes, ordered to construct Nine-dragon Walls and other buildings with relationship with number 9 in the imperial palaces, to show their great power, hope for longevity, and eternal reign of their empire.

In Pythagorean, number nine is the limit of all numbers, all others existing and coming from the same. Number zero to nine is all one needs to make up an infinite amount of numbers.

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One goes to King

Two heads better than one

Number One

Two means double happiness, double prosperity

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0 The End

Paper Used Mohawk Strathmore 25%, Ultimate White Wove 90gsm Emperor Text, Natural 90 gsm Fine Paper Takeo (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. 51, Jalan 10/91, Taman Shamelin Perkasa, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia T +603-9286-1890 F +603-9286-2301 Penang Branch 51, Rangoon Road, 10400 Penang, Malaysia T +604-228-1890 F +604-226-2301 Johor Branch 54, Jalan Permas 9/12, Bandar Baru Permas Jaya, 81750 Masai Johor Bahru, Malaysia T +607-387-1890 F +607-387-2301