Figure 1. Regional geology of Osun State in Nigeria

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Laboratory Analysis and Preliminary Data Processing:

Results of analysis for the soil samplings were compiled with the corresponding coordinates in UTM, Eastings and Northings as well as the elevations including the weight of the samples in excel format so that the QP can have a format to run for data processing. Same were done for the rocks and the trench samples.

Regional Geology

Figure 1 shows the Regional Geology of Osun State in Nigeria.

Figure 1. Regional geology of the Osun State in Nigeria.

Osun State is underlain by Precambrian rocks of the basement complex of Nigeria. Several varieties of these rocks possess appreciable degrees of economic mineralization. In Osun State, deep weathering profiles, erosion surfaces and alluvial deposits have accumulated important mineral deposits such as laterites, talc and Gold in stream sediments.

In Osun State the mineral resources potentials found are Gold, Talc, Feldspars, Cassiterite, Columbite, Granite, Mica, Iron ore, Kaolin, Tourmaline, Aquamarine etc. Though not all these minerals are of economic quantity, but their discoveries have led to further discoveries of more minerals. Mineral reserve presupposes that some type of physical measurement or evaluation has been made of the grade and number of mineral concentrations in place and that profitable extraction now or soon is technologically feasible (Ajayi, 1985).

In 1941 due to prospecting done, Gold was discovered in Ilesha, and it was exploited but only the alluvial deposit was exploited. It was discovered that with more systematic prospecting more deposits of gold could still be found. The discovery of economic deposits of gold in the Southeast of Ilesha led to the discovery of other minerals in Osun State.

The prevailing climate is distinctly tropical with four climatic seasons (Tloeje, 1976): (i) The long dry or harmattan season (November – March) (ii) The long wet season (March — July) (iii) The short dry season (July — August) (iv) The short wet season (August — November) Osun State is well drained by large rivers and their tributaries, some of which originate from outside the boundaries of the state. The large rivers are the River Osun which is worshipped at Osogbo. There is a dam on River Osun at Asejire, which supplies the city of Ibadan (Capital City of Neighbouring Oyo State) with more than 70 percent of its water River Shasa and River Owena. These rivers together with their tributaries provide an adequate drainage network for the state and should provide ready sources of water for domestic and Industrial purposes.