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Themusclestiffnessusuallybeginsinthejaw(lockjaw)andneckandthenbecomesgeneralizedCephalictetanusischaracterizedbyaheadorfacewound, MaternalandNeonatalTetanus(MNT)hasbeenamongthemostcommonlifethreateningconsequencesofuncleandeliveriesandumbilicalcordcarepractices, andareindicatorsofinequityinaccesstoimmunizationandothermaternal,newborn,andchildhealthservicesAlthoughrecordsfromantiquity(5thcenturyBCE BackgroundTetanustoxoidimmunizationisoneoftheprovenstrategiesforeliminatingmaternalandneonataltetanusSymptomsoflocalizedtetanusinclude musclespasmsconfinedtotheinjurysiteTetanusisaseriousillnessthatcausesconvulsions(seizures)andseveremusclespasmsthatcanbestrongTetanusis classifiedasgeneralized,localized,andcephalicGeneralizedtetanus,whichoccursin>80%ofcases,ischaracterizedbylockjaw,generalizedspasms,risus sardonicus,andopisthotonusAthirddoseensuresalmostuniversalprotectionforatleastyearsTetanustoxoidvaccineisavailableasaVaccinesareavailablethat helppreventtetanus,aninfectioncausedbyClostridiumtetanibacteria.Therecommendeddoseforadultsandchildrenyearsofageandolderisunitsbydeep intramuscularinjection.ThreekindsofvaccinesusedintheUnitedStatestodayhelpprotectagainsttetanus,allofwhichalsoprovideprotectionagainstother diseases:Diphtheria,tetanus,andpertussis(DTaP)vaccines;Tetanus,diphtheria,andpertussis(TdapTetanusisanacute,oftenfatal,diseasecausedbyan exotoxinproducedbythebacteriumClostridiumtetaniDiphtheriaandTetanusToxoidsTheorganismissensitivetoheatandcannotsurviveinthepresenceof Thefirstinactivatedtoxin,ortoxoid,againstdiphtheriawasdevelopedaround,butitwasnotwidelyuseduntilthesAseconddoseconfersprotectionin approximately%ofindividualswithin2–4weeks,butimmunityisshort-livedinmanyindividualsWhentetanusdevelops,mortalityratesareextremelyhigh, especiallyTIgprovidesimmediatepassiveprotectionuntiltheexposedpersonmountsanimmuneresponsetothetetanustoxoidItisgivenalsotocasualties PATIENT&CAREGIVEREDUCATION.bacteriumisaspore-forming,gram-positive,slender,anaerobicrod.ThisinformationfromLexicompexplainswhat youneedtoknowaboutthismedication,includingwhatit’sTetanusToxoidisusedtopreventtetanus(alsoknownaslockjaw)AccordingtoEthiopian DemographicHealthSurveyof,only%ofmothersreceivedtwotetanustoxoid(TT)injectionsduringtheirlastpregnancywhichisbelowtheWorldHealth OrganizationandEthiopiaMinistryofHealthEnsuringgoodcoverageofchildhoodvaccinationsandappropriateboosterimmunizationofadultsareessentialto theriatoxoidandpertussisvaccineInsmallchildrenlessthanyearsold,theroutineprophylacticdoseofunits/kgTetanustoxincanbeinactivatedbyformaldehydeto maketetanustoxoid(TT)In,thefirsttetanustoxoid(inactivatedtoxin)wasproducedandwasusedsuccess-fullytopreventtetanusinthearmedservicesduring WorldWarIIThefirstpertussisvaccinewasdevelopedAtetanustoxoid–containingvaccineisindicatedforwoundmanagementwhen>5yearshavepassed sincethelasttetanustoxoid–containingvaccinedose.Tetanustoxoidvaccinesareavailableassingletoxoid(TT),combinedwithdiphtheriatoxoid(DT)orlowdosediphtheriatoxoid(dT)andincombinationwithdiphtheriaandoftetanusinbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountriesItischaracterizedbygeneralizedrigidity andconvulsivespasmsofskeletalmusclesThisledtothedevelopmentoftetanustoxoidinItwasfirstwidelyusedduringWorldWarIIClostridiumtetaniTheC tetaniTetanustoxoidisusedaloneinpregnantwomeninordertopreventneonataltetanus(tetanusneonatorum)Ifatetanustoxoid–containingvaccineis indicatedforpersonsaged≥years,TdapispreferredforpersonswhohavenotpreviouslyreceivedTdaporwhoseTdaphistoryisunknownOnedoseoftetanus toxoidconferslittle,ifany,long-lastingimmunityTTisavailableaseitherasingle-antigenvaccineorincombinationvaccinestoprotectagainstothervaccinepreventablediseases,includingdiphtheria,pertussistetanustoxinwithformaldehydewasdevelopedintheearlys.