Issuu

MARCH 1962

~ ~odern.

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PHYSICAL FITNESS THROUGH GYMNASTICS bv Irv Faria, Gy mnastics Coach, Sacramento State College

Nations have passe d away alld left no traces And history gives th e na1ced cause of itOne single, simple reason in all cases, Th e), fe ll berause th eir people we re not jit. Nothing on earth- no Arts, no Gifts, nor GracesNo Fame, no If! ealth-outweighs the want of it. This is th e Law which ever)' law embracesBe fit- be fit! In mind and body be fit! Thi s is th e lesson at all Times and PlacesOne changeless Tntth on all things changing writ For bo)'s and girls, men, wome n, nations, races, Be fit - be iit' And once again- Be Fit! - Rudyard Kipling STRENGTH DEVELOPMEN T THROUGH GYMNASTICS Muscular strength is the maximum strength which can be applied in a single muscular contraction (3). Physical educators have a definite responsibility in the development and maint enan ce of strength for all pupils, and especially in th e developm en t of the physical fitn ess of boys and " iris who are deficient in this essential requisite in life. " Rc" ular and heavy muscular trainin g tends to thicken an d foughen the sacrolemma of the muscle fiber and to in crease the amount of connect ive · tissue within the muscle. Heavy muscle work causes some desruction of the con· stituent s of the muscle. When nature replaces the lost ma terial s, she over compen sates. Thus the fibers become larger and stron ger (9) . Then it max be said .that one way to develop strength of muscles IS to exercise them again st gradually increasing res istan ce. For thi s purpose the weight of the body itself may be used. The resistance is in creased through the inclusion of more difficult move· ment s or skill s. The improve ment of muscular strength is a basic necess ity in the development of physical fitness, as strength is a basic component of physical fitness (2). A major problem today ex ists with those who are lacking one or several of the component s of physical fitness. In most casps this lack exists in basic strength of the arms and ,; houlders. With th e exception of wrestling, and it has it,.: limitations in that only boys participate, gymnastics is the only oth er activity which offers maximum potential for st rength developm ent throllgh skill development for every child. In the last fift een years many studi es have been con· du cted to determin e the relative effectiveness of isometric and isotonic regim es of exercise in the development of muscular strength. As intelligent professional educators we should make use of our present ~cientific knowled ge and utilize those activities which develop strength. Both isotonic and isometric method s of exercise have resulted in signifi· cant strength gains. Gymnastics offers both types of train· ing : fso metric contraction by means of held positions, i.e. cross support s, presses, etc., and isotonic contraction by means of progerssive resistance with repetitions, i.e., progressive skill routines with increases in the number " " of move ment s per rOllti~e. ENDURANCE THROUGH GYMNASTICS Muscular enduran ce is the ability to continue muscular exertion s of submaximal magnitud e (3). For example, chinnin g or bar dippin g. The development of endurance depend s upon a level of strength, in other word s, strength is a prerequi sitie to enduran ce (4l. Endurance is limited by two factors; the willingn ess to work on in spite of th e pain of fatigu e, and the capacity of the homeostati c mechanism to make rapid and extensive adjustment within th e fun ctionin g organism. Although we are aiming for endurance throu gh gy mnastics it is important to remember that if the pupil tries to continue skilled movements after he becomes fatigued, he begins to substitute gross skill

Ill otions for fin e on es and generalized effort s for specific ones. Wrong movements tend to supervene and through the principle of associative inhibition the students progress may suffer a se t back (8). Thus fin e s~ill s should. be practiced whil e somewhat fresh. When signs of fati gue be"in to appear then the shift can be made to tasks em· pl;ying only gross move ments designed principally to develop endurance. Endurance can be approached in term s of muscular en· durance or circulatory· res piratory enduran ce. We are, for the moment, concern ed with muscular endurance. However , we cannot speak of musclar endurance without involvin g circulat ory· respiratory for they do to an extent, correla.te. Whether the greater muscular effi ciency obtained by tram· in g is due primarily to chemical fa ctors in th.e .muscle,. to an improved blood circulation , to a more efficient actIOn of nervous impulses, or to other cau ses is still debatable. Streno-th and end uran ce are part of the same continuum. At one "end of the continuum is a sin gle bout of activity and at the other end is a maximum number of repeti· ti ons (5) . To relat e this idea to gy mnastics it sim ply mea ns performing several movements on th e apparatus at one time or performing several tumbling routines or vaults in a multibout activity sequence. Full routines con· sisting of ten or more parts would be executed at least twi ce within a five minute period or less. As time goes on both the number of routines and the am ount of time for performin g the routin es should be increased. The routines may be simpl e, but still mak e a demand upon the per· fomr er. Another method of develop in g endurance through gy mnastics is by havin g the performer perform the r~utin e, not di smount and add three or four more parts to It. As endurance is' increased more parts may be add ed. As in the develop men t of strength, the use of the prin ciple of overload is necessary for the development of endurance.

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FLEXIBILITY THROUGH GYlvl NASTlCS The ran "e of motion at a given joint is usually deter· mined by "the state or length of the co.nne~tive tiss.ue maintainin g the intact joint. In order to mamtam fl ex lbhty it is necessary to move the parts throu gh a complete ran ge of motion. Increasing flexibility is a slow process. It is increased by gradually increasin g the amount. of force used in elon «ating the muscle and at th e sa me tIme gradually in creasi~ « the ran "e of motion. To maintain fl exibility, it is n ecess~ry to p: rform movements which require a f~1I range of motion. On e principle upon which gymnastIcs ski lls are based is movement to its full est extent. Each movemen t or skill, to be properly executed, must be full with maximum flexation and ext ension. Gymnastics train· in «· is always executed with form and exactness of main· tainin « eleo-ant body form and emphasizing movem ent to its hi;he~ t "potential. Whether executin g strength , swinging or balance movements, always the body, arms and legs are to be stretched to the utmost to reach th e desired position. As a part of any gymnastics program specific warm·up exercises should precede the formal skill instruction. These exercises should be designed to increase the ran ge of movement throughout the body. Exercises which stress com· plete range of movement should be gently approached and then the movements continued with stretching slightly beyond the point of discomfort. By means of various movements, fl exibility may be increased through antago· nistic muscle action or passively by the weight of body parts or by external resistance. Schematic examples which foll ow will serve to illustrate these methods (6). It is suggested that the exercises be performed two ways. Also each exercise is to be performed with proper body align· ment and position. The first method to be used in per· formin g this group of exercises is by means of rhythmically utilizin g three co unt movem ents. The second method is utilizin g th e three co unt movements; however, the third (Co n ti nued on Page

21)

1962

]\'1arch

Volum e 4 . Number 3

CONTENTS . ... ... ................ 4 Fitness Through Gymnastics .. ....................... 5 otes From The Editor ........... . ............ ........... 6 Cha lk Talk ........ .......... . Gymnasti cs in the 50th State ...... ................................ 6 ..................... ............... 10 Report from Canada ..... Brit ish GY lllnasti c Champion ships ................. ........... 11 M.G. Phot o Cont est ............................. 14 Side I-h,rse Routin e ...... .16 .... .... ........... 18 Juni or Gvn lllasts of Am erica Ball et for Gymnasts .......... ................ 20 World Gam e Compulsories .... ........ .............. 22 .......... .... ....... 23 '.A.G.C. Ne ws Gym Forum .. 24 Co mm ent on Gymnasti c Scores ..........25 Meet Res ults ............ 26 Letters . ... .. ...... .. . ...... 28

Hawaii report

NOTES .. FROM THE EDITOR Many ne\l' dey elopm ents have taken place since we put th e last M.G . in the mail and as a result we are a bit late getling: this ed ition out to you.

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First as yOU will note in thi s edition we flew to Ha\l'aii to make a report on Gymnastic progress in our 50th State. We found that Trampoline and handba lancing . have been th e main stay of th e Gymnasti c activities in the past years. However, the schools are no w in the process of developin g Gymnast ic programs for both boys and girls which promi ses a bright future for comp etiti ve Gym lIasti cs in Hawai i.

Second alld most important delayin g factor in gettin g this edition to press was th e fact that we moved. Our new offices are at 4 10 Broadway in Santa Monica, where we have more room to do more work to put ou t a better M.G. We now have ollr own dark room and a small gym area for taking pict1ll'es, shooting and reviewing movies and a ll in all the space and facilities we have lon g needed to put out the M.G. on a more consistent schedule. ·:t

COV ER: George Nisse n. tram.polining on the

beach at Wakakii ( Tram.polin e courtesy 0/ the Larry Anderson Trampoline Club. Beautiful beach and weather courtesy oj the H aWaI:ian. Chamber oi Commerce .)

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J. Kud er ian .......... ...... .... .... . . .. Publisher Glenn Sundby . ..Editur Charli e Simms ............ Associat e Llitor Kurt Baechler ................. ........ European Editor Cont ributors: Irv Faria, H. D. Whittl e, Jim Pres· tidge, Sa m Bailie. Ernest Marinoni, Grace Kaywell, Glenn Wil son, Newt Loken and John Faulkner.

•••••••••••••••••••••••• THE MODERN GYMNAST is published in the U.S.A. by

J un ior Gymnasts o f America, Inc ., nine issues for $3.00, 35c the sing le copy. All pictures a nd manusc ripts submitted become the propert y o f THE MODERN GYMNAST unless a return request and suff icient postage ore included. Pu b lished material becomes the propert y of THE MODERN GYMNAST. Copyright 1962 by Junior Gymnasts of Ameri ca, Inc., 410 Broadway, Santo M onico, Californ ia.

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In th e process of moving we were able to take an inventory of all the back editions of the M.G. Ire had on hand. We found an extra small bundle of the original Complimentary edition tucked away in a corner, so all who order the co mplete sets will still get this collector's item edition . However, some edition s were less than we thou ght and beca use of thi s lie will only be able to fill orders for about :-:\00 more complete back sets of the M.G. I which is not very man y at the rate the s ubscribers have been ordering their co mplete sets of back ed iti ons) . NEXT ED ITION will feature a report of the 1962 _ICAA Champi onships . . . The Pasadena National Invitational . . . Seq uence photos of Bill Wolf's Rin g Routine . . . More Photo Contest Winners . . . Plu s in structional articles and other special fea·tures . .. See You T hen.

NAMES 'N NEWS THE SWISS GYMNASTIC CLUB and the TURN· ERS OF SAN FRANCISCO are planning a Gymnastic Festival for May 12th in the California Hall Auditorium . . . THE WALLABIES (have tramp will travel) Aus· tralian trampolinist recently returned from Rome where they had a part in the film "CLEOPATRA" for 20th Century Fox . . . THE Y.M.CA. NATIONAL GYMNASTIC CHAMPIONSHIPS will be held on April 14th in New Briton, Connecticut ... THE GYMNASTIC CLUB coached by JOE REGNA of the UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA is sponsoring an AAU open Gymnastic Championships on April 28th for Novice, Junior and Senior competitors. In th e University Gymnasiu/l1' Gainesville, Florida. Be there and support it if you are in the area .. . PA UL DAVIS of the University of California at Berkeley recently climbed the Rope in a (unofficial) record tying 2.8. :I;

SURVEY A recent survey questionnaire was sent out by Bob Kreidler of the NAGC Executive Committee in an attempt to find out how our sport is growing: (1) in numbers of contestants, (2) the number of schools and organizations with competitive teams, (3) the number of coaches actively coaching teams and (4) the number of meets taking place on all levels (other than AA U) across the United States. It will be interesting to see the results of this questionnaire. If you did not receive a questionnaire and would like to be counted send your report to: Robert D. Kreidler, Uni· versity of Chicago, 5640 S. University Ave., Chicago 37, IlL

The CALIFORNIA COACHES ASSOCIATION CLINIC is to be held April 18th·19th at St. Mary's College in Northern Calif. This clinic is design ed to promote all sports at the JL, Senior High level and also the J L College leveL Tentative program follow s: April 18th, 12·1 P.M., "Preseasonal and Seasonal Training and Conditioning" with Irv Faria; 3:30·5 P.M., "Analysis of Horizontal Bar and Parallel Bar Competitive Moves for High and Junior Col· lege" with Roy Davis and Hal Frey; 7·8 P.M., Panel Dis· cussion, "Problems in Gymnastics". On the 19th from 9·10:30 A.M., "Analysis of Competitive Moves on Side Horse and Rings for High School" by Irv Faria and John Ostarello; 2·3:30 P.M., "Judging Practicum" discussion with films; with Davis, Frey, Ostarello and Faria.

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ROSWELL D. MERRICK, consultant in Physical Ed. and Men's Athletics with the American Association for Health . Physical Education . Recreation in Washington, D. C, has expressed an urgent need for fluent Spanish or French speaking ,gymnastics coaches to fill requests from the State Dept. for overseas assignments. For par· ticulars, contact GENE WETTSTONE, President National Association of Gymnastic Coaches, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, P ennsylvania.

Former Gymnastic Champion GEORGE KET· CHAM of East Orange, New J ersey, passed away recently at the age of 84. He was a member of the four·man Gymnastic team which was named Champions of the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis. He also won championship honors in competitions sponsored by the NAAU.

Balancing, on the beach at Wakakii

GYMNASTICS IN THE 50th STATE Your editor was invited recently to take a pleasurable business .trip to Hawaii to do a survey report on the extent of Gymnstics and Fitness in our beautiful 50th state. Although there is not a competitive Gymnastic pro gram in Hawaii , there are a few schools de· veloping clubs and programs.

Dr. Don Custafson , AAU Gymnastic Chairman and Coach at The Universitv of Hawaii has done much through years of hard work and dedicated effort to stimulate the Gymnastic activity in the islands. Don teaches classes in apparatus work and trampoline at the University along with a sper.ial class in handbalancin g and adagio. (Don also teaches weightlifting, tennis, etc. and at one tim e tau ght a summer class for coeds in surfin g).

Coach Roland Chinatti (a Springfield grad) has started a Gym Club at the Iolani School (Episcopal private school ) . Roland has about 30 boys that meet in a converted army warehouse four days a week for two lon g sessions and two short sessions. They are planning to put on their first exhibition in May. A beautiful new gym is now being con· structed at Iolani and Coach Chinatti hopes to ha ve it full y equipped with all of the best gym· nasti c equipment by the time the fall semester starts and he adds a co·ed gymnastic program to his schedule. -l-:'

Punahou School in Honolulu just received a new set of parallels, to add to the side horse, hi gh bar and vaultin g box they already had. Athletic director AI Rowan expects an upsurge in their gymnastic pro gram , which now has a good start with a girl's tumblin g class meetin g once a week. ·x-

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The YMCA in Honolulu has lon g been the base of most of the past gymnasti c action in the Islands and at one tim e th ey even presented their own

Coach R oland Chinatti and members of his Gym Club at lolani School

annual circus. Through the continued efforts of instructor Carl Simms, gymnastic eq uipment is set up on Wednesday and Friday evenings and both men and women turn out to take part. There is really a buzz of activity on Wednesday as gymnastics has to share the gym space with a Karate class, and a women's " Fit and Trim" class. .:-1-

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Larry Anderson's successful Trampoline club in Honolulu had its beginning in 1945 when Larry obtained his first trampoline. For the next five years, teachin g trampoline tumbling was an avocation but by 1950 three tramps were in use and this activity became a vocation .

The present location at 939A Keeaumoku St. was obtained in 1955 and from ten to fourteen tramps are used daily accordin g to a varying schedul e. During these 17 years several thousand children and adults have enrolled in the program (two members have been in- the club for twelve years). Some of the earliest members now have several of their children enrolled. Larry encourages family participation such as Pat Millard and dau ghter Carol. Some of the students of note at his school are, current Boys Champ Bennett Lovell age 16, Girls Champ Susan Wills, Diver Chuck Neel, Peter and Philip Bon-

Gym action at Hawaii'!{ YMCA ; Apparatus, Balancing, Tumbling (Carl Simms spotting) and Tr im class.

S cenes from Larry Anderson's Trampoline S chool

ham~ Carol Chun , Sandra Suzui, Kenneth Wernle,

Pam Peck 'and little Stephanie Cho , the youngest somersaulter in the club, Exercises are arran ged in pro gressive order with safety being stressed above quick achievement. Each year Larry has an inter-club competition where students and parents all turn out to watch and compete for beautiful trophies_ .~:.

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Gymnastics draw gymnasts and this was the case in Hawaii , With the aid of Don Gustason who seems to know everyone who has ever tried or thou ght of tryin g a handstand or somersault in Hawaii (viistor or native), we made good headway with our report_ There was Margie Gieger, from GeTmany; AI Cunnin gham from the Swiss Turners in San Fran cisco ; Bodii Burton , swimimng instru ctor at the Hawaiian Village who was on the Dani sh Olympic Gymnastic Team in '52 (Bodil hopes to start a pro gram of Gymnastics for girl s soon); and lorwegian gymna ~t Eva Trover, who is makin g; a slow an~ extended tour of the world_ .::.

Since interest and enthusiasm in Gymnastics gained a little more momentum while we were there we decided to have a small gymnastic workshop on Saturday mornin g,

Don Gustason offered his services and the OUo Klum Gymnastium at the University for the clinic site_ Punahou offered their new parallels and a side horse, Larry Anderson brou ght over an additional trampoline_ Jack Bonham brou ght a new twistin g belt, gymnastic literature, and film airmailed from the N issen Corp_ Miss Fay Fossom , State Director of Physical Education, rushed out special notices to all the schools and the Honolulu Advertiser sent over a photo grapher and a reporter to cover the action (a nice photo report appeared in the afternoon edition)_ Over a hundred students (Coach Chinatti brou ght over about 20 bo ys) and teachers (about 35) turn ed up and took and active part in the clini c which got underway a very few minutes after the 9 A,M. announced starting time_ Dr. Don Gustason welcomed the group and introduced the instructors who gave short demonstrations and explained ~he different pieces of apparatus. Don gave a balancin g demonstration with J eanni c and Carol. Then aU went to the Audio-visual room to see the Nissen sound film of th e " Russian Gymnastic Team U.S. A. Visit" . For the next two hours with the aid of Mar gie Geiger in structin g on the Balance Beam and Uneven Parallels, AI Cunnin gham on the Horizontal

Bar and Side Horse, Larry Anderson on Trampo. line, Dr . Don Gustason on the Parallels and Jack Bonham answering q uestions the clinic rolled along smoothly. A majority of the teachers attend路 ing were women P .E. instructors. They took a very active part wantin g to learn as much as possible in this limited time available.

Beca use of the success of this impromptu clinic and t he desire of many in the area to boost gym路 nastics in the 50th state we are making plans for a larger cli nic next year. Tentatively the '63 clinic will be held durin g the sprin g vacation at which time we hope to set up a to ur to Hawaii fro m Los Angeles at a very special rate fo r coaches and gymnasts which will include clinic registra路 tion, air fare, hotel, receptions, luau, tours of the island, competitions, eJehihitions and many other extras (even surfin g). Many have already expressed a desire to make this proposed tour so if yo u are interested drop a line to t he M.G . and we will put your name on the mailin g list. Ex tras and special rates depend on how many show a real interest in the tour, clinic in Hawaii in '63 . First 50th State Gymnast Clinic in progress

Instru ctors at University of Hawaii Gym Clinic. CO R. : Al Cunningham, Margie Geiger, Dr. Don Gustason ( Gymnastic Instructor at the University) , Larry Anderson and l ack B onham. ( Not in picture, Coach Chinatti who helped with Free X instruction) .

Canadian news Report By H. D. Whittle, National Gymnastics Chairman AAU of Canada Canadian Gymnastic Championships and World Championships selection trial s are scheduled for Montreal, Quebec on June 22 and 23. Plans are underway to have a Canada vs. U.S. team meet in Vancouver, B. e. directly following the U.S. Nationals in Seattle, Washington. Canadian Gymnasts are looking forward to an upsur ge in gymnastics throu ghout Canada. The new Amateur Sport and Fitness Council have tentatively approved coaching and judging clinics in at least five centers across the country. Scholar路 ships are also avai lable to individuals planning on a teaching or coaching career in this area. Wilhelm Weiler, the outstandin g Canadian Gym . nast from Camp Borden Army Physical Training Center has been awarded the Norton H. Crowe Memorial Award for 1961. The award in the form of a trophy is presented annually by the Amateur Athletic Union of Canada to the Canadian male athlete making the outstandin g contribution to any AAU of C sport through his performance, character and sportsmanship. Weiler recently won the All-Around title at Toronto City Championships and placed 7th AIlAround in the first U.S. National tryouts in Florida. The University of B.e. Gym team placed second to the University of Washington in the North West Coll egiate Championships. U.B .C. were defending Champions. University of Toronto Gymnastic Team路 1961路62 Ontario and Quebe c Athletic Association Champions. L. to R., R. Grmek (Coach), R. Smagala, L. Filotas, C. W. Cans/ield, W. A . Whitlaw and B. H. Brooker, Individual Champion.

H . D. Whittle, Canadian Gymnastics Chairman with the Gymnasts from The University of British Columbia attending the Western Collegiate Championships in Sacramento, California.

Three members of the U.B.e. team attended the Western Intercollegiate Gymnastic Association Championships in Sacramento, Ca lif. March 16 and 17. All three qualified for the finals. Bob Jon es and Gord Gannon in Free X and Joe Marchand and Gannon in the Tumbling event. Gannon placed 8th AII-Arow1d and Marchand 11th. Canadians wishing to write articles pertainin g to Gymnastics in Canada are requested to submit their articles to H. D. Whittle the National Chairman of Gymnastics, A.A.U. of Canada. Address all communications to: School of Physical Education and Recreation, University of B.e., Vancouver, B. e.

Wilhelm Weiler

Final repr esentation

the girls by The Countless o.f Gainsborough

BRITISH GYl\I NASTIC CHAMPIONSHIPS 1962 Royal Albert Hall, London, 10th February Report by Jim Prestid ge, Editor "The Gymnast" Seld om has thi s great hi storical building witn essed such fin e breathtakin g activity, as that which fill ed it to capacity on Saturday the 10th February. The press and the British public know little of gymnastics and it was gratifying to see how they both eagerly responded to the clean , wholesome spectacle of sportsmen and wom en strivin g for the coveted British Gymnastic Championship title. We who have follow ed gy mnastics for many years do not need convincing, we kn ow that given a fair chance it can hold its own with the most spectacular entertainment anyw here. and what's more important in this modern world of ours - its clean. Over six thousand saw the 20 finalists en ter the arena to a fanfare, by the trumpeters of H er Majesties Life Guards. The gymnasts had reached these final s by mean s of preliminary competitions at Cardiff, Aldershot and Wembley. Five men and fiv e women fou ght for supremecy in the Olympic gym nastic programme and the same number battled for honours on the trampolin e. It wa s soon apparent that a close fight was going to be seen between our two youngest girls, Denise Goddard and Monica Rutherford , and an equally tough fi ght between the oldest of the men com petitors, Nick Stuart and Dick Gradley. The combined ages of the two girls bein g less than that of our reigning champion Nick Stuart. By British standard s our two girls were great, and gave us all a fin e lesson in determination and gamesmanship. They gave away nothing and each was determin ed to fight to the last breath. What is so gratifyin g to me is that they have each learn ed much from their visits to Leipzi g and Stutt gart last summer, when they saw and competed against the world's greatest gymnasts. The pity is that these two girls are almost in a standard ... alone, the best one can say of the others is that they are determined and dour.

The floor exercises clearly showed Monica's superiority as a beautiful stylists in the best continental tradition. Denise full of speed and dynamic verve lacks' that extra grace of her rival. A difficult and lively performance by Mary McCarthy gave her third place. The women's vault showed Denise Goddard at her very best - her handstand and 14 turn being executed perfectly. Monica lost points here although in my opinion her straight arm overthrow deserved more than 9.3, perhaps the reason for this being that all our judges were positioned together, and could not clearly see the beautiful take-off flight. This positioning of judges bein g a requirement of television cameras. We mu st not permit this in the future. In the meantime Stuart and Gradley were showing us great work in their floor routines. Stuart's extremely diffi cult and full of surprises, Gradley's more stylish than we have had before, reminding us of Bill Thorrensen. Then cam e Yates and Mulhall both improved but still lackin g the style and polish which means so much. Coveney's floor work was disappointing. Then to the vault -- Stuart and Gradl ey still neck and neck, they tied at 9.7. A beauty by Gradley - Straight leg squat with hand s on croup. Stuart - a lon g-fly, both great performances. Good vaultin g by Yates - a cartwheel, 9.6 and Mulhall - a long-fly, 9.55. Then came the pommeled horse_ 9.6 for Stuart, 9.4 for Gradley, but the others - oh dear! Let's have a look at the trampoline. Paddy Winkle gave us a grand compulsory routine, a good one too from Randall Bevan , but the rest were in difficulty and found trouble maintaining height. With Winkle's reputation for consistent work, the championship seemed to be his, but misfortune played havoc with his voluntary and let Bevan in. Bevah worked well and stayed near the middle of the bed, but I wi sh his style was equal to his difficulty. Th e women didn 't impress so much as

the men. I think because they don' t work so high. Some stylish bouncin g from Mary Chamberlain e and Yvonne Horne, and height and difficulty from McLeod and Hunter. I wish trampolinist, indeed all gymnasts, would concentrate more upon style, I am sure it pays. The men 's compulsory - High tucked back somersaultlay-back somie. Barany - fron t somie - full twist to back drop - cradle - full twist to back drop (cat-twist) - half twi st to standin g finish. The women's compulsory - High forward and backward split jump -- full twisting vertical foot bounce straight straddle jump - back somie to feet - seat-drop - swivel hips to seat - full twist to seat - half twist to standing. The trampoline was followed with the high bar. Some good work by Yates and Mulhall , An elegant performance by Gradley which had everything except extreme difficulty. In fact, he beat Stuart, and he who does thi s is some gymnast. Stuart's mark 9.35 indicates that he was not having a happy: day - he is often .5 mark better than this on the high bar. It was disappointing to see Coveney miss his finish. We saw it at the preliminaries, and haven't stopped talking of it - a double back-away which seems to hang in the air - slowly and gracefully he floated down to earth so it seemed at Aldershot, but at the Albert Hall his plan went astray to the extent of 8.1. The beam followed and the neck and neck battle between our two top girls was resumed, Goddard's 9.5 was a good mark but we felt it wa sn't enough-' to hold off Rutherford whose best pi~e of appartus this is. Denise worked strong and fearlessly moving well, her splits looked sure and relaxed, but I think the judges would prefer not to see

Nick Stuart, British AllAround Champion for 1962_

Young 13 year old contestant in the British Championships for women who showed good form and Ballet background in the Free X event.

between her legs and the beam. Pat P erks was steady but that was all. Joan Richards was so nervous I dare not click my camera, for fear of sendin g her toppling. It's her first championship and a great future is in store for this graceful gymn ast, but she must work hard and build up confidence. Mary McCarthy's work is pleasing and full of energy but she lacks the grace which this apparatus demands. Her front somersa ut dismount misfir ed, but even so I thought she was worth more than 8.17. Rutherford's beam routine was great, she leaped, dived , rolled and showed the grace which we have come to expect from 路 her. The audience thought she was worth more than 9.67. She certainly gave it everything. Excitement was terrific as the girls warmed up for the high and low bars. Monica led Denise by .1 and here was the apparatus on whi ch she was capable of wiping out that deficit. l'I'Ionica followed a great routine from Joan Richard s who made her highest mark 9.4 and deserved it. Monica's was faultless and worked as one determined to show her graceful elegance to best effect. She knew that Denise could pull some terrific moves out of her hi gh and low repertoire, but style is Monica's great ally, and today it did not desert her. She held off Denise's terrific challenge by .07! The con test between these two girls was great. No quarter asked and none given. It's tough that our baby from Wales has for the third time had to endure the bitterness of defeat. The first was when she was 14 years and she has come second each time. Some folk might have dispared but not this girl. Congratulations to Monica Ruth路 erford, still a school girl, a few month older than Denise and British Champion for the second year - the greatest we have had. I haven't forgotten the men. Their contest was great too, with Nick Stuart having to fi ght harder than ever in a British Championship. On the parallel bars Stuart gave us a terrific exhibition, his twistin g front away dismount was superb. He managed to pull away a little from Cradley, who was immaculate on this piece of apparatus, his 9.5 indicates the diffi culty gap between him and Stuart, 9.8. With the rings to follow and complete the contest the result was almost assured for him. Cradley could only tie at 9.5 a great achievement in itself, but Stuart was there. He took and earn ed his seventh British Championship.

Dick Cradley, 2nd place winner in the British Championships.

Final presentation at The Albert Hall by The Earl of Cainsborough

THE MODERN GYMNAST PHOTO CONTEST FIRST PLACE this edition goes to John Crosby of Long Island City, New York for this photo of Boris Shakhlin, doing a "Kere in." Photo was taken with a Leica M3, 135mm Hector (Telephoto) using multiple fla sh. SECOND PLACE was won by Walter H. Sangree for the photo above of Doris Fuchs holding a one Hand balance on the Balance Bea m. Photo was taken at the Rochester, New York Labor Lyceum using a Rolliflex with a Tessar 3.5 lens, plus x film at 1/.500 sec. with AG路1 Flash bulb. THIRD PLACE AWARD was won by James L. Smith, Jr. of Hamilton, Ohio for this pboto at right of his daughter Ca ndy bein g supported by Ray Shearer while water skiing. HONORABLE .M ENTION AWARD: We have had so many entries in the l\LG. Photo Contest that we included three Honorable Mention Photo winners shown at left in thi s edition. David Arnold's photo of Bill Vennels at the Canadian National Championships usin g a Brownie Hawkeye Flash Camera. Little 12 year old Cindy Cole photographed in a handstand by her father usin g a Brownie Starflash and this accidental tripl e expose r of Canadian Gymnast John Tuite taken with a Brownie Hawkeye Camera.

SIDE HORSE ROUTINE

By SAM B AILIE

Gymnastics Coach University of Arizona

The following routine meets all basic requirements for F .I.G. with the exception of difficulty ratin g. It has been designed and presented so as to give the upcomin g side horse performer somethin g to shoot for as well as something to build on for the future. With minor increases in difficulty this routine could very well receive a ten point rating. Some of the first chan ges to be made, once this

increase . and form

mastered; would be the addition of more loops lroper progression upward from the baby moore. .rtance in a basic routine such as this, would be before going on to more advanced work. With路 perfection at a basic level the performer will lifficulty but will lose in his style of execution

Start on Croup: 1. Full circle right ; 2. front loop; 3. % circle right ; 4. left leg under cut (front of hOJ;:se); 5. Travel scissors up sin gle leg cut right; 6. circle right; 7. scissors front right ; 8. scissors front left; 9. single leg cut right ; 10. Ph reverse circle; 11. single leg cut right ; 12. baby moore (with touch); 13. circle right; 14. circle out ; 15, loop right 'h twist off (layout).

PHYSICAL FITNESS THRU GYMNASTICS AT THE BERKELEY, YMCA By Ernest Marinoni, Phy. Dir. The Y.M.C.A. in Berkeley, California has had a program of "Physical Fitness Thru Gymnastics" for the past three years and our results have been amazing. In one instance, two years ago, about one year after we started our fitness program through gymnastics, a graduate student named Charles Burch was usin g a testing program at the University of California summer school, the same that was used with European and American ch~l路 dren. At the University, he had a 40% passing. At our YMCA, he tested sixty girls and eighty some boys and had 100 % passing which I thought was very unusual. To tell you something about our fitness program through gymnastics, I'll tell you something about our procedures. The boys and girls aTe here twice a week in classes. We have a system called "Going Through the Mill" which means that the boys line up at the side路horse where each boy does vaults and other basic stunts. Following the horse, they do travels and other preliminary build-up exercises on the parallels. From 'parallels they go to the tumbling mats, again doin g the alloted exercises for the day on the mats. From there they go to the rope climb which is 20 feet from the ground 18

and using feet and hands ciimb the rope. Then to the rin gs where they start han gs, grips and other preliminary movements, eventually doing a very short, minor routine. This routine consists of bird, the inverted hang, skin the cat, again to inverted hang, coming down in ' an L position and then climbing himself in this position. These boys range from eight years of age to twelve; and more than 100 boys in our program have this rin g routine. Following the rings, they go successively to four trampolines. This is considered rest time. Then they start the same procedure over again. This is a class where we pick our gymnastic team boys. We limit our team to twenty-five boys as we feel this is the most that we can work with successfully in a team st.ructure; and , as you know, we have been quite successful with our team due to our volunteer helpers and the hard work put in by the individual boys_ As yo u know, hard-workin g bo ys make heroes out of mediocre coaohes. The above pro gram is conducted by two adults, Dr. Donald Watts and myself. Also, at each piece of apparatus we have one of our leaders. The leaders are boys from our gymnastic team who do a very outstanding job in helping boys.

JUNIOR GYMNASTS OF AMERICA Junior Gymnasts of Am erica is a new feature section of The Modern Gymna8t. These pages will be devoted to the younger set with individual and group reports of progress in Gymnast ics through the Junior High level. If you now have an act ive Gymnastic club of youngsters let us know about it, or if your are a youngster just startin g in Gymnastics and want to ask questions or send us pictures of your Fitness progress, we'd like to hear from you. We would like to know what you or your school record is for Si t路Ups, Push路Ups , Pull路 Ups, Rope Climb, etc. On the left we have a r eport of Gymnastics at the Berkeley YMCA. The photo at the upper right is of the Marshall Junior High Team from Long Beach, Calif., coach ed by Robert Kari ger. The team has been city champion s and uno efeated in competi tion during the past four years. Pictured at right doin g a hand stand on the pedistal is little 5 year old Allen from Fulton, Missouri who has put on se veral demonstration s with his father Ernest Hillard. Next to Allen is 9 year old David Tozier from West Covina, Calif. who is looking for some Gymnastic meets to enter in the Southern Calif. area. Below is a fine photo taken by Mr. Emmett Shockley, principal of the Gattis Jr. High, Clovis, New Mexico of Coach Norm Dillard's P.E. Cla s8 in a pyramid of expression s. At lower right are Tina and Buddy Gurganos excellent Junior Adagio balance rs frol11 Hou ston, Texas.

BALLET for

Gymnasts By Grace Kaywell 3 Tanglewood Court 1r est Palm Beach . Florida

GRACE NOTES Gymnasts can learn much from the ballet world. Ballet, too , can benefi,t from gymnastics. To wed the two路 has been a precious goal of mine. Recently, I had the pleasure of readin g a letter from a ballet dancer to Mr. Sommers, president of Capezio (the dancer's cobb ler since ] 887 and creator of new-style gym shoes) . I was so impressed that I asked permission to print exerpts from this letter in th e Modern Gymnast. I feel that this same letter could have been written by a gymnast, tellin g what gymnastics has done for the individual . . . the two are so para ll el. In. u:orking in a regional hallet company, I can only f eel so rry for the poor girls and boys who lead so-called "normal lives" and never have the cha nce to experience artistic achie1}ement. The y' think we dancers are missing alit on life 'when we can't attend a sock-hop because we have a rehearsal, and so forth. What th ese people do not realize - adults too , are guilty of this - is that dance branches ant and engulfs everything. Dancers are not narrow-minded. I can speak of the girls in our company. We can alwO'J's talk of dance, but we are also able to speak intellige ntly 0/ other things too. I think it is perhaps because we, as dancers , are more acutely aware of our snrroundings. Life is emotion, and dance is the best means of expressing life. .That is why dancers are so high-strung, "arty" , self-centered and so forth. R egional ballet is the prime method of gro wing and progressing clilture. Home ballet companies a/ten serve as liaisons to other forms of art. A nd some people can take pride in something co mpletel路y "lwl1legrou;n". [{o we ver once established, peo ple are also gnilty of taking advantage of what

is readily obtainable. They expect professional standards, and the audiences receive such. But they for get that the peo ple are not professional, just hard-working, erery day f oes interested in bettering their community. Regardless, the regional ballets reflect the town-ballets and are catered to the audience's 'u;ants and needs. This professional milea.u is a wonder/ul environment to grow up in. I have, and I 1l.;ould not change one single experience for something else. Dancing on bad or go od stages can be paralleled to problems of life - they occur and must be coped with and conquered. Th e above was written by Miss Patricia Ann Manning, 2720 Co pper Ave., El Paso, Texas.

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BALLET FOR GYMNASTS ... DEVELOPPE ( day-vel-opay) A slow, controlled, " unfolding" movement in whi ch the workin g leg is drawn up to passe position and slowly extend ed to fourth position devant (front ), second position (to the sid e) or fourth position derri ere (back). This exercise is done at the barre to enabl e the gymnast to hold the leg extend ed at any angl e and to acquire balance. THE HIPS ARE ALWAYS KEPT LEVEL AN D SQUARE TO THE DIRECTIO. l IN WHICH THE GYMNAST IS FACING. While practicin g, th e gymnast should , from time to tim e, lift the hand from the barre to maintain that she is in perfec t balance, not depending entirely upon the barre. If the gymnast is not perfectly calm and balanced now, what will happen later? Again let me call attention to the HIPS. This has been another glaring fault of our gymnasts. They have turned

the hips out of the line of direction to enable the leg to go higher. This is so importa nt that it bears repeating : THE HIPS ARE ALWAYS KEPT LEVEL AND SQUARE TO THE DIRECTION I N WHICH THE GYMNAST I S FACING, WHEN THE LEG IS ELEVATED AND EXTENDED_ When you learn th e arabasq ues be sure to enforce the above rul e!

FIT~ESS - (Continued

from Pag e

movement is held for six seconds at the maxi mum point of flex ati on or ex tension. As the class learns the movemen ts of each exercise they should then begin to perfonn in rhythm several different exercises, mov in g from one to th e other. Flexibility is not in creased throu gh mere hit an d miss activity participation; but requires the scientific applica tion of specific act iviti es to the individual stud ents. Flexibility is related to movement pattern s. One would never dream of driving his car with the brake on, resisting the pull of the motor ; however, we seldom think of the lack of hip flexibility that p ut s a brake on a stu dents locomotion by reducing the total poss ible ran ge of body movement and causing him to work again st th e pull of his shorten ed muscles.

SELF-DISCIPLINE THRO UG H GYM NAS TI CS

Hips out 0/ line - really makes a side extension ! Body leaning over!

Guilford has pointed out in his article, "The Stru cture of Intell ect", (6 ) there is more to intelli gence than the too often quoted operational definition. Likewise th ere is an element inherent in gy mnastics which is oft en over looked. This is the element or component which we term self-discipline, or we m;ght use the term s courage or mind -set. The ability to perform a skill movement, to in crease mu scle strength , to in crease types of endurance, or to increase fl exibility is dependent upon man y factors_ We can compare this to a cube with many cells, each dependent upon all oth ers. Within the center of th e cube lies the cell hou sing the fa ctor or element we have termed self-discipline. If we fail to nouri sh this cell, as bees feed pollen to larvae, it will atrophy and soon die. Thus the potential of th e other related factors is limited, which in turn limits the full pot ential of the whole. Structllre 0/ Ph ysical Potential Present research is limited as to the development of self-disciplin e. However, empherical evidence indicates that gy mnastics does promote self-discipline or courage to degree_ With the exception of springboard and tower divin g and gymnastics, few, if any, sports offer this type of trainin g. From this type of training the individual has reached a new horizon which will brin g him closer to the goal of knowin g thy self.

CONCLUSION K eep back up! Hips squared_ Feel the pinch of the hi p bone to rib cage!

EXERCISE DEVELOPPE Stand in 5th position, right foot front: Bring right foot up to passe position ,extend it slowly to 4th position devant , lower to tendu position and then return to 5th position_ Bring right foot up to passe position, extend it slowly to 2nd position ( make sure that the knee is up towards the ceilin g) lower to tendu in 2nd position and close to 5th position behind _ Bring right foot up to passe position, extend it slowly backward to 4,th position, lower to tendu and close in 5th positi on behind_ Bring right foot up to passe positIOn, extend it slowly to 2nd position, lower to tendu and clo se 5th position in front. Turn and repea t all on the opposite sid e.

VA RIA TION : Bring right foot up to passe position, ex tend it slowly to 4th position devant (front ) hold 6 counts, slowly brin g it aroun d to 2nd position en l'air (still in the air ) hold for 6 counts, continu e moving th e leg slowly to the 4th pos ition ba ck (still in the air) hold for 6 counts_ Now bend the knee to passe posit ion and repeat all of the above compl etely through for 3 tim es. N ow step forward on the toe of the right foot , kn ee very stiff_ Extend th e left leg straight back at the hip level. Open both arm s to second posi ti on and hold for balance_ Drop the leg that is exten ded to close to 5th positi ori , turn and repeat on th e other side.

Movement is man's most pnnutlve form of expression. Movement or beauty of movement depend s not on diffi cult y of th e skill but upon the line or effect and rhythm of execution, or, in short, style. Through gymnastics the human fram e reaches a degree of di scipline which is never un natural or harsh. The gymnast has a fin e feelin g for grace in movement and for beauty of combination. To be graceful in movement and form , Rousseau observed, is a main responsibility of man. If Nature gave him a suitable body to develop, and he does not do so, he buries his talents in the ground. Socrat es said , "What a di sgrace it is for a man to grow old with out ever seein g the beauty and \ strength of which hi s body is capable." Like no other sport , gymnasti cs technique presents the body in its physical potential as an end in itself. H ere is th e brid ge between sport and art. :::

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REFERENCES 1. Brouho , Lucien, Science and Medicine of Exercise and Sport, Chapter 21 , " Training ", ( Edited by W. R. Johnson ) New York : Harper and Brothers, 1960. '2. Clark, Harrison, Exercise and Fitness, " Muscle Strength as Related to Fitness, Exerci se and Fitness" , lIino is: The Athletic Institute, 1959. 3. Clar k, Harr ison, Applic at ion o f Measu r ement to Health and Physical Education, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prent ice-Hall , 1959, p. 222. 4 . Davis, Elwood and Loga n, Gene, Biophysical Va lues o f Muscu lar Activtity, Iowa: Wm . C. Brown Co ., 1961 , p . 6 4 . S.

Forstreuter,

Ha ns,

Gymnos tik

Ko rperschul e

O hne

Gerat ,

Frankfurt: Wil hel m Limpert, 1959. 6. Gui lfo rd, J. P., The Structure o f t h e Intelect , Psych o I. Bull. , 1956, 53, 267-293. 7. Logan , Gene and Foreman, Kenne th E., Strength-E ndu ran ce Continuum , The Physical Educator , Vol. 18, No.3, Oct. 1961 , p. 104 . 8. Thorpe , Louis, Cont emporary Theories of Learning, New York: T he Ronald Press, 1954, pp. 271-272. 9. Zoethout, W illi am and W. W. Turrl e, Textbook of Physiolog y , SI. Lou is : The C. V . Mosby Co ., 1949, pp. 114-1 16.

WORLD GAMES COMPU LSORI ES AND ANALYSIS By Charlie Simms FIG PROVISIONAL TEXT OF COMPULSORY EXERCISES FOR 1%2 WORLD'S CHAMPIONSHIPS MEN

FLOOR EXERCISES : From standing positIOn: 1. Rise onto toes lifting the arms backward, palms in ; 2 to 3 running steps, handspring forward from left foot landing on right foot. 2. Step forward with left leg and execute a second handspring forward landing on both feet ; dive forward, body stretched, to front support and roll forward, body and knees bent ; straighten knees to stand, lifting the arms forward and upward, palms forward. 3. Step forward on left foot, lowering the arms sideward, kick right leg forward and upward and then kick the left leg in the same manner, throwing the arms forward and upward, landing on the right fo ot, left leg extended forward (scissor kick ) ; lower left leg and raise it backward while lowering the trunk to horizontal (forward ) scale on right leg, lowering the arms from in front and raising them sideward - Hold. 4. Straighten the trunk, swing left leg forward and bring the arms forward, fin gers touching the toes of the left foot; swing left leg backward and place the toes of the left foot on the floor while flexing the right leg, supple movemeh t) , throw the arm s forward and upward and circle them backward, straighten right leg and step forward on the left foot, knee bent (supple movement) swing arms fore-upward and circle the arms backward, straighten the right leg and let the left leg fall rapidly forward (supple movement) with arm circling backwards ; straighten the left leg while joining the right leg to the left leg, turning about 225 degrees to the right, in the direction b-c, lower the arms sideward , stretch left leg to rear, toes pointed, and flexing the right leg place the hands on tbe floor, right fo ot between the hands. 5. Two single leg circles clockwise with left leg; 1,4 turn to right into rear leaning support position; lower to seat on floor. 6. Turn the trunk 1,4 turn to the right and placing the hands on the floor to the right of the body, left hand passing high over body, slowly press, body and arms bent, legs tsaright, to handstand - HOLD. 7. Bend the arms, lower the chest to the floor and roll back on the chest and stomach to a front leaning support; squat legs (bent knees ) between the arms to seat position : roll backward, shooting to momentary handstand. 8. Lower right leg and place right foot on the floor, left leg stretched backward; straighten the trunk with 1,4 turn to the left, rise onto the toes of the right foot, extend left leg sideward, arms up, palms in, cartwheel left to stilnd on right foot, left leg extended to the left, arms sideways. 9. 1,4 turn to the left, step forward with left leg, left leg half-flexed, lowering the arms forward , swing the right leg forward to jump with % turn to tlte left, to half-flexed position on the right foot, left leg lifted backward, lifting the arms forward and upward; half turn to the left risin g onto toes of the right foot and lifting the left leg forward. 10. Step forward on left foot , lower trunk forward, placing hands on fl oor and ki ck right leg backward to handstand - HOLD. 11. Bend arms and trunk to place nape of neck on the fl oor, execute neck spring with % turn left or right to front leaning support (.supple movement) . 12. Squat legs (knees bent) between hands and stand erect on left foot, liftin g right leg and execute side scale left leg, left arm upward, right arm lowered against the body - HOLD.

13. Straighten the trunk, lowering the right leg and left arm, cross the right leg, over the left leg, turning about one full turn to the left (direction cod) to standing position on the right leg ; lifting the arms sideways, lift left leg fon vard ; two or three runnin g steps, round-off to left or right. 14. Back somersault (tuck ), body and legs bent. 15. Back handspring, and finish with leap upward in place, body arched backward, arms high to the side, palms forward, to half flexed stand, arms to the side, palms down. Assume erect position. NOTE: The exercise may be reversed only in its entirety, with the exception of parts indicated in the text. COMPULSORY ANALYSIS 1-2 - The im portant point in the first part of the rout ine is to make sure that the handsprings are done off the opposite fo ot from the first to the second. The motion should be continuous, without pause, but with a slight indication of balance on the landings. 3 - The motion follows throu gh here until the hold position, which is just what it means, " Hold." COACHING TIP : Get your balance immediately after the kick and lower into the scale easily instead of tryin g for a jump into the scale. 4-5-6 - The point to practice here is the even tempo of the movements. Keep the pace the same all the way through to the support position. Make th e 1,4 turn definit e and slow the speed so that the press is shown off as a press instead of a snap up. 7-8-9-10 - Here again the tem po should follow the same pace, with the em phasis on the turns, so that balance can be shown. 11-12 - A 1-2-3-4 movement with the emphasis on the drop to the neck, the neck-spring, the squat to knees bent position, and then the rise to the scale. 13-14-15 - One of the most important parts of the exercise, and where many bobble. The dismount is fairly simple, but many sacrifce important points concentratin g on the end without working on the base. The turn should be sure and the movement should not stop with a prolonged stance as a beginnin g to the tumbling sequence. The stop may be shown with a lift of the chest, the tilt of the head , and then right into the round-off back, back handspring. The emphasis is on the last handsprin g and not on the back flip. Again, motion continuous to the high leap and good landing.

BOOK REVIEW

TRAMPOLINING ILLUSTRATED

by Chuck Keeney, Supervisor of Physical Education, University of California. Price $4.00. Trampolining Illustrated is a wonderful and helpful introduction for everyone to the excitin g sport of Trampolining. In this book "Chuck" describes in detail how to correctly do fifty different stunts on the Trampoline. All stunts follow an easy to learn progression order with an emphasis on safety. Each stunt is illustrated with stopaction photos with full descriptions and explanations from the simplest basic bounce to the advanced stunt and twisting somersault combinations. The book is especially suited for self instruction or as a manual for teachers. There are also a lot of good sound ideas for the very advanced tram polinest to look back and take note of, particularly the suggested ways of correcting errors and improving form . Trampolining Illustrated is a very readable publication. It makes you want to get out into the gym and start bouncing.

National Association

Gymnastics Coaches NAGC NEWS by Glenn Wilson Gymanstics Coach, University of Colorado

Glenn G. Wilson

T have to admit it. We did have a party which is known as the annual business meeting of the .1 .A.G.C. This year's meeting, held at the Sundowner motel in Albuquerque, was probably one of the most organized and significant meetings of the NAGC. The work of the officers was much in evidence as re'port after report was read telling of the many meetings that were attended over the past year. Ralph Piper, gymnastics coach University of Minnes<Yta, received the annual NAGC award. This award is presented to the coach who has made an outstanding contribution to gymnastics over a period of twenty-five years or more. Ralph, while coaching at Minnesota, has had many fine teams and many top individual performers and has done much to build high school gymnastics in Minnesota. He has served on NCAA rules committees, has been an officer in the NAGC and has been instrumental in developing gymnastics to its present level in the U.S. Mr. Piper, speaking for Dr. Hartley Price, announced that the research awards were presented to Pat Bird, acting coach at the University of Illinois, and to Bob Schwarzkopf, assistant coach at the University of Washington. Both of these men are completinl!; work on masters degrees. Gene IFettstone presented the N .A.G.C. "Coach 0/ the Year" award by Chet Phillips; N.A .G.C. Honorary President.

Because of the length of our meeting, a second session was held at the University of New Mexico on Saturday morning. In this second session the new officers were elected. They are as follows: PRESIDENT: Gene Wettstone, Penn State University VICE PRES. EAST: Frank Wolcott, Springfield College VICE PRES. MIDWEST: Robert Kriedler, U. of Chicago VICE PRES. WEST: Ralph Borrelli, UCLA SECT. TREAS.: Sam Bailie, University of Ariwna

N.A.G.C . Officers, L. to R.: Hal Fry, Ralph Borrelli, Gene IFettstone, Robert Kriedler, Sam Bailie and Frank IF olcott.

JOIN NOW APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP INTO THE NAGC Enclosed find $2.00 for 1962 dues . .. _---- ..... ... . . .... . .... . ..... _- . . .... . _-_ .. .. __ ... ..... - .......... .

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GLENN WILSON Gymnastics Coach University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado

Gym Forum NOMENCLATURE By Ken Hollis Assistant Physical Director, YMCA, Cleveland, Ohio Bill Loates, gymnastics instructor at the London, Eng· land, YM CA, wrote me of the great problems arising from variations in gymnastic nomenclature and indicated that he and several others had once attempted to formulate a "gymnastic dictionary." Coach Joe Hewlett of Ohio State at a judges' clinic at the Dayton YMCA, donated 45 minutes to a serious discussion of nomenclature on the side horse. Year after year, when the compulsories come down from the various AAU Associations, the NCAA, T urners, Yl'I'ICA, Sokols, etc. , countless hours are spent by coaches, officials, and gy mnasts in interpreting the nomenclature, the end prod uct of which is frequ ently de· pendent merely upon the gymnastic association in which the in dividual was reared. This uncertaintly in nomenclature is a detriment to gy mnastics, not only from the performer's point of view, but also th e coach's and judge's. It is found not only in hi gh caliber meets where " B" and "C" part moves are of great concern, but right down to the beginning gym· nastic programs where no two people interpret a worfard lunge or a tergetet the same way. The typical, long·winded manuscripts describin g compulsory exercises are, unfor· tunately, a necessity, for it is not sufficient to merely name th e move and hope everyone interprets it the same way. I remember Sam Bailie started a series on side horse, a series specifically designed to standardize nomenclature on this appartus. I believe this effort by Mr. Bailie deserves additional follow·up . I, for oile, volunteer my assistance to any such proj ect. If a committee, representative of all gymnastic associations (schools, colleges, YMCA, Turners, Sokols, etc.) could be designed, perhaps, with lots of work, this "gymnastic dictionary" could become a reality. Even if it included only basic moves, it still would be a good start. I feel ther e is a serious need for such uniformity. I am interested in the reaction of the M.G. readers to thi s proposal. ARTISTIC DESIGN IN FREE EXERCIS1 By Bill Jackson A free exercise routine should be composed of the variety of movements and contrasts that makes the lines in a drawing interesting. A pencil line can form rhythmic turn s, straighten out and move quickly, stop, make a sharp angle and move in another direction. The forms enclosed by the lines will not have the same shape. One is curved; another has sharp turns; some will be simpl e and others complex. If the same shape is repeated too many times it can become monotonous; if all the lines are straight, then they lack the curves and angles that provid e the contrast which makes them swift. In his free exerci se routine the gymnast makes the lines ; the shapes they form are the tricks, and the speed and directions in which they move form the rhythm. A variety of tricks and change of rhythm is what provides the in· terest. A routine wi thout speed or one without strength or rhythmic movements is not as strong as the one with all three. Tumblin g can make a press to a handstand better remembered with the contra st of speed, and tumblin g in turn becomes fa ster when it is contrasted with something that moves more slowly. To fo rm a whole that is harmonious, the parts should be balanced and uni fied. If a routine begins and ends with tumbling, then a run should appear in the middle; hand· stands and scales shoulcl not be concentrated in one spot, and rhythm movement should occur throughout. The analogy between the rules of the designer and those of the gynmast can be carried furt her. The floor space is part of the composition itself, and the area covered plays as important a part in the visual image as the tricks. If a sheet of paper is unified with a composition tha t appears balanced on it, then the free ex ercise square is balanced with a routine that covers it. A routine that is limited to

one side and two corners offends the balance; the tumbling retraces the same lin e and the rest becomes garbled at the two end s. When a ro utine is finished, the observer remembers t he sequences in relation to the space that is covered. If all occurs on one side, the image becomes a maze of retraced lines and complicated forms; one trick gets confused with another and the image is distorted. If the sequences are spr ead out and cover the whole floor, each have the room they need and the image becomes clear with movements I hat are distinct. If the movements are di stinct, they should also be sharp. A toe that sticks out at right angles to the vertical lines of a handstand is out of place; attention is brought towards it and the £low is broken. A toe that points with the leg is like a line that is meant to be drawn straight and is drawn straight. A good line will describe the shapes of a designer accurately, and good form will do the same for the tricks of a gymnast. The gymnast might need to foll ow rules, but his lattitude is still great. His routine is not limited by them ; they pro· vide a base to mount the rest on - the tricks and com· binations that make his routine original.

JUDGING OUIZ Below contill,uing our series of Quickie Quizes on yo ur Judging knowhow. Every Gymnast should have a fair knowledge of the rules under which he competes. QUESTIONS . CALISTHENICS Circle correct letter in multiple choice questions, and write in correct answer as required: 1. T he time limit for the optional calisthenics exercise is: A- I to 2 minutes B-No time limit C- l to Ph minutes 2. The compulsory calisthenics exercise: A-May not be repeated .R -·May be repeated, and only the second performance will count C-May be repeated with a penalty of 1.0 3. Name the additional element to those of balance, agility, elasticity, jumps and lea ps required for the move· men ts in a calisthenic exercise : ............................................... . 4. The calisthenics optional exercise must contain at least : A-6 " B" parts and 1 "C" part B--4 "B" parts and 1 "C" part C-6 " B" parts and 2 "C" parts 5. In evaluatin g the difficulty of a calisthenics optional exercise, th e penalty for the omission of one "B" part is: A-0.6 B-·0.3 C-0.2 6. For crossing the line limiting the space for the calis· thenics event there is: A- A penalty of 0.5 B-No penalty C-A penalty of 0.1 to 0.2 each time 7. The run for a handsprin g, flip, somersa ult, etc., is: A-P enalized 0.1 to 0.3 if it is too lon g B-Penalized 0.3 if it is more than 3 steps C-Unlimited 8. The penalty for violating the time limit in the optional calisthenics is : A-O.l per second B-O.l to 0.3 C- 0.5 Rate the following movements as to "A", "B", or "C" difficulty: 9. Split .............. .. 10. Forward somersault from a run .............. .. 11. Front lever with straight arms ( held 3 seconds) 12. Handspring backward and back somersault ............... . 13. Somersault forward from a stand ............... . 14. Handstand on one arm (held 3 seconds) ............... . 15. Balance stand on one leg ... ~:

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A FURTHER COMMENT ON GYMNASTIC SCORES Newt Loken and J ohn Faulkner The University of Michigan Gymnastic coaches tend to accept judges' scores as a necessary evil associated with a competition whi ch are best forgo tten once the order of fini sh has been established. In our analysis of th e Big Ten and NCAA Gymnastic Cham· pionships, we noted several relationships which might be of assistance to coaches in their preparation of gymnasts for champion ship competition. In most events, th e NCAA finali sts had higher average scores and less spread of scores than the Big Ten finali sts. This suggests that judges do have a clear cut criteria of performan ce that are consistent from meet to meet, since NCAA finali sts would be more skilled and more homo· geneo us in ability than the Big Ten finalists. From the preliminaries to final s with an event, the spread of scores remained approximately the same in the parallel bars, free exercise, and tumblin g, increased sli ghtly in the trampoline ,and increased markedly in the side horse, horizontal bar, still rings. and swinging rings. The in creased spread appears to be primarily introduced by a real difference in performance rather than by a change in the judges' criteria of performance. The relative consistency of performance was assessed by a correlati on between the net scores in the preliminaries and the net scores in the finah:. The exact same ordering of performers would result in a correlation of +1.00. The Big Ten tumblin g and the Big Ten side horse were ex·

ceedin gly stable. The greatest change in posItIOn occurred in the horizontal bar, the trampoline, and in the Big Ten still rings competition. In general, less consistency is found in the NCAA meet than in the Big T en Meet because the competitors are of more equal ability and even slight breaks in one's routine may change one's order of fini sh considerably. The ex tensive chan ge in position and major drops in individual net scores which occurred between the preliminaries and the final s makes the awarding of points to all finali sts unfa ir. A more realistic approach would be to all ow at least 12 gymnasts to progress to the final s ,vith th e first ten places to score points. It is interesting to note that the gymnasts on the hori· zontal bar and the trampoline showed the least consistency. This co uld be du e to the risk involved since both events have elements of daring in the composition of their routines. An alternative possibility is that performers in other events execute more complete routines during prac· tice and consequently are better able to duplicate a com· plete routine in the preliminaries and final s of a cham· pi onship meet. The gy mnast who completes a fairly difficult r outine with poise and confidence will invariably progress to the final s. However, to maintain a high position in the plac· in gs, he must duplicate this performance. As Don Tonry observed, th e key to the success of Boris Shahklin, the Ru ssian Olympic all·around Champion was consistency !

TABLE 1 The mean s and variapces of the 10 top performers in the prelimin aries and finals and the coeffi cient correlati on between prelimin aries and final s.

Parallel Bars Side Horse Horizontal Bar Trampoline Free Exercise Still Rings Tumblin g Swin ging Rings

Finals

Preliminaries

Event Big Ten NCAA Big T en NCAA Big Ten NCAA Big Ten NCAA Big Ten _ CAA Big T en NCAA Big Ten ICAA Big Ten NCAA

Average 8.78 9.18 8.56 9.24 8.93 9.08 8.43 8.58 8.60 9.00 8.87 9.05 8.1 4 8.32

S.D. .326 .168 .486 .292 .316 .199 .501 .416 .344 .180 .327 .193 .593 .114

Average 8.81 9.23 8.36 8.97 8.84 8.89 8.09 7.54 8.92 8.98 9.34 9.12 8.13 8.48

. -..

......

-_ ....

7.95

.708

8.13

S.D. .335 .183 .936 .672 .672 2.50 .742 .557 .339 .322 1.32 .374 .514 .234 ......

1.23

Correlation PrelimsFinals .60 .60 .89 .61 .42

_46 .46 .36 .75 .52 .43 .64 .84 .60 ....

.68

Legend: S. D. refers to standard deviation. The standard deviation indi cates the dispersion of the scor es.

ANN OU NCEMENT TO GYMNASTI CS STUDENTS This summ er The Experiment In International Livin g is offerin g an unusual opportunity to live with a fam il y in Sweden for one mon th and observe gymnastics techn iques in that country. A second month will be spent in travel and visi ts to gy mnastics centers in Denmark an d Germany. T he group is open -to high school boys and girls who have completed their junior year and are at least 16 years old . For further information and appli cation forms, wr ite: Director of Selection and Trainin g, The Experiment In Int ernati onal Livin g, Putney , Vermont.

FILMS The film s of the 1962 senior compul sory exercises (both men and women ) which are al so the compulsory exercises for the FIG World Gymnastic Championships to be held in Prague thi s Jul y are availabl e for rental. These are 16mm film s, on 2 r eels. The film of the women's exercises, together with an interest introd ucti on, run s close to 400 fee~, and the reel of th e men's exercises is al so about 400 feet long. The fee for the rental of the film is $10.00 for each reel (men's and wom en's reels separately), or S15.00 for a combin ation rental of both of the film s. The full rental fee must be sent in advance, with the r equest for the rental, together with a specific date and two alternate dat es for the show in g. The film must be returned no later than the second day after the requested rental date. The booking of the fi lms is being handled by J erry Hardy, National A.A.V. Chairman. 92 Barnwell Drive, White P lains, New York.

Scenes from Santa Monica Invitational: Dick Nicholas, Olympic Cross on the Rings, All路Around winners, Jim Am.erine, Gary Buckner and Dan Garcia. Brenda Lintern in Free X demonstration. Bud Marquette's "Aero路Tots" and Doug Beernick on th" Side Horse.

Meet Results. SANTA MONICA INVITATIONAL

The fir s' t competition by the Southern Californi a Gymnastic Associa tion w as held at S a nta Monica City College Feb. 24, 1962. There was a good turn out of competitors a nd spectators. Jim Amerine of Long Beach t ook the top All-Around honors, followed by Gary Buckner of Pasadena with Arti e Armendarez plac ing third. "Bud" Marquettes group of Acrotots gave an exciting exhibition a nd Brenda from L .A. State College put on a s mooth Free -X demonstration . F ollowing are the results of the meet. Free Exercise: 1. Bill Wolf; 2. D a n Garcia; 3. Artie Armendarez. Rope: 1. Steve Leidner; 2. Ung Han"o n; 3. Jim Vogelma,n . Trampoline: 1. Delvin DuMay; 2. D a n Millman; 3. Ric k Savers. Long Horse: 1. Jerry Kinmont ; 2. Dan Garcia; 3. Jim Amerine. Side Horse: 1. Da n D evendorf ; 2T. Bruce ,"Villiams; 2T. Doug B eernick. P arall el Bars: 1. Di ck Nichalas; 2. Gary Buckn er ; 3. Artie Arm e nd a r ez.路 Rings : 1. Bill Wolf; 2. Sente nal Munge r ; 3. Gary Buckner. Horizontal Bar: 1. Gary Buckner; 2. Artie Armenda rez ; 3. Dan Garcia. All Around: 1. Jim Amerine; 2. Gary Buckn<!r; 3. Dan Garcia.

C h am pionship and th e ir second consec utive undefeated season. These two On March 10, 1962, the Champion g irl " were c losely b ack ed by tea m Far Northe rn California Gymnastics mate Mary Ann Brotzman, who also Association held th e ir meet at Eureka took h e r s h a r e of points. Miss Sperry t ook firs t in tumblin g High School. Out of this meet, the Del Norte High School Warriors emerged and tra mpoline, while Miss Boy ~ h a d firs t on th e un even p arallel bars" balas champions in both the girl's and ance beam and side horse vaulting. boy's divisions. L a n a Bucko from Eureka took the The boy's division meet witnessed a two man s how put on by D a rrell other lon e firs t in free exercise. Th e all-around e v ent winners were Holmes and Mike Selfridge, both of Del Norte. Holmes points alone, in- Darrell Holmes and Ronnie Boyd both c luding the All-Around events, would fro m Del Norte. Team Totals have won the meet for the, Warriors. Girls: D e l Norte, 124%; Eureka, 63%: Out of 131 % total points for the WarButte Vall ey, 19%. rIOl's, H olmes scored 91%; Selfridge Boys: Del Norte, 131%; Eureka, 78; scored 37 and Ridgley 3. Yreka, 52%; Butte Valley, 44. J ack Clayton from Eureka, ended up his season being undefea ted in tumbling. Gary Giejer from Yreka s howed excellent s trength as he scored to a 5.9 climb on the rope. Mike Selfridg e from Del Norte copped first place on the Horizontal B a,,; and Tony Kehl from Eureka g a ined a firs t for hi s tea m on the rings. The firs t places in the r emaining events (Trampoline, Free Exercise, Long Horse, Side Horse and Parallel Bar) were t aken by Holmes of Del Norte. Over in the Girl's Division, Orvalene Sperry an d Ronni e Boyd combined their t a le nts to lead the D e l Norte W a rriore tts to their thin,! "OnRp.cutive NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CHAMPIONSHIPS

UNIVERSITY OF DENVER HIGH SCHOOL INVITATIONAL MEET RESUL TS

FREE EXERCISE : 1. Willis Aur o ra; 2. Mc F1i1lan, L incoln ; 3. Fisher, Thoma s J e ff e rson . ' TRAMPOLIJ\TE: 1. t ie , D a y , Linc oln ; Gurian, Lincoln ; 3. Nadeau , Linc o ln. SIDE HORSE : 1. tie, P icker elle, Pueblo South; Ryan, Aurora; 3. Sanc h e z , West. H I GH BAR : 1. Persh ing, South; 2. Padia, Aurora; 3. Tie, Reed, Lincoln; N a d eau , Lincoln. PARALLEL BARS: 1. Padia., A urora ; 2. B lantan, Lincoln; 3. Na d eau, Linc oln. STILL R I NGS : 1. B la n ton, Lincoln; 2. Padia, Aurora; 3. Boatright, Palmer. TUMBLIN G : 1. McFilIen , Lincoln; 2. Tracy, Lincoln; 3. Day, Lincoln . ALL AROUND: 1. Pad ia , Aurora; 2. B la n ton, Lincoln; 3. McFillen, Linco ln. TEAMS AND SCORES _ 1. Abraham Lincoln ........... 158

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

A u rora VarSity .. South ........................ Thomas J efferson .................. Palm er (Colo. Splings) . West .................... ...... ......... ........... Pueblo So uth (Pueblo, Colo.) .. Wheat Ridge ...... George Washington Aurora Trojans ..................... North East ....... .. ........ Boulder ............................. Wasson (Colo. Springs)

86.5 67 .5 62 41 21 10 7 4. 5 3 2.5 2 1 0

52nd ANNUAL NORTHWEST GYMNASTICS MEET

The 52nd Annua l Northwest Gym nastics meet was held Feb. 17, 1962 with 50 teams consis ting of 262 entries p artic ipa ting. Class A s ummary, Tea m Standings: 1. Mankato State (MS) .................... 823.5 2. University of Minnesota: (UM) .... 811 3. University of Nebraska (UN ) ...... 797 4. Western Illin ois Univ e rsity (WI) .. 740 5. Ch icago Turn er s (CT) .................... 273

Individual All-Around Medal Winners: 1. Jerry Hall (MS) 285; 2. Dic k ston e (UM) 280; 3. D e nnis Albers (UN) 278; 4. Marshall Cla u s (CT) 273; 5. Warren Rolek (MS) 269.5. Indiv idua l Event Champions: Horse, Jerry Hall (MS) 92; HoI'. Bar, Hall 94 ; Par. Bars, Hall 94; Mats, D e nnis A lbers (U N) 90; Rings , Hall 95; Tramp , Albers 93; Free X, Dic k Stone (UM) 93; Gerry Moen (UM) 93.

Above: Denver Invitational All-Around Champ Bill Padia. Below: Mankato State Champions, L. to R., Coach Don Langdon, Wayne Swanson, Dennis Keasling, Bob De Vinny, Jerry Hall, Warren Rolek and Jim Schmidt.

Dear Glenn: Just reviewed my "open letter" in the February '62' issue. I'm afraid you misprinted some of my statements (page 24). Corrections: -it is hoped that 'peace and. harmony' will now be in evidence soon from that end. After Pas cal, etc.-you left 6ut-had in stimulating our educators in all field s. Gymnastics is basic and fundamental! The above is serious路. Please c?rrect! Mike Robbins' editorial was very interesting. Mike shows evidence of a sound educational background. The marks 0/ an educated man are not eruditeness, but the use of knowledge to interpret, to understand, to appreciate freedom of thought, to learn from others, to be able to converse and to be considerate. Sincerely, Paul E. Fina

"Open Night"

Dear Sir: As a novice, but an enthusiastic one, I look forward to receiving my copy of The Modern Gymnast. The pictures are good for bulletin boards and the articles are helpful in planning for classes. A teacher who has had no * * training in Uneven Bars, Balance Beam " Dear Glenn : and Free Exercise is really at a loss Thanks for the second prize in the to know how to arouse interest and to M.G. Photo Contest. I really thought know what stunts to teach to the bethat the shot of the Russian Gymnast ginner. There is information available doing the "fabled" full and a quarter for the average and advanced students, twisting hecht from the neck on the 'but what to do with the beginner? Will long horse was the best 0/ the two I appreciate any suggestions for this level sent in. Being a "first", most agreed gymnast. it was an extremely unusual photo. 1 Inclosed are some snaps 0/ our " Open do realize that the shot was not the Night" program. At this time any girl best photographically, but it~ rarity in the Junior-Senior High School is and the fact that it was snapped at the welcome to take part in the two hour proper Tn.Oment - notice the upside session, working on advanced stunts or down position of the body with the practice class required stunts. Attendhead looking over the shoulder - over- ance ranges between 70 to 90 which is rides its deficiencies in my mind. The 16 to 20 percent 0/ the girls' enrollshot was taken without any of us on ment. the Tour knowing that this vault was Sincerely, going to be performed. This great de Miss Helen E . Keiser fense here is only because I was overly Girls' Physical Educraion pleased when the photo came out as Instructor well as it did. Lewisburg, Penna. Sincerely, ED.: We intend to include more A bie Gross/eld ED.: We thought it was a terrific beginning instructional articles in trick and well timed photo, however, future editions of the M.G .. We will we were afraid the reproduction would also review and mention all books and not be clear. But will give it a try reports that are sent to us on beginning here and hope with your added com- gymnastics instruction programs for mentary the readers will appreciate this youngsters ( both boys and girls). :(. :1= * unusual trick and photo.

Dear Mr. Sundby: The Foundation jor the Junior Blind operates a year-around recreation program for blind and partially sighted youngsters between 6 and 21. We would like to set up a gymnastic activities program as part of our recreation program. Could you suggest a number of well-qualified teachers who might be interested in the challenge ? We have activities at the Foundation on Fridays and Saturdays from September through June, plus a summer day camp and a summer residence camp. We're limited as to equipment, but could expand with an expanding program. Any information or references you coult!. supply will be greatly appreciated. Sincerely, Norman Kaplan Executive Director Foundation for the Junior Blind 4005 Wilshire Blvd. Los Angeles 5, Cali/. ED.: Any instructor who would like to accept this worthy challenge or would like more information, please write to Mr. Norman Kaplan, Executive Director of the Foundation for the Junior Blind. ,;:

Dear Glenn : 0/ the twelve to fifteen publications I re ceive none are awaited for or anticipated more than your fine magazine. Being a re cent convert to gyrnnastics I glean every bit of instructional information from the many fine articles therein. I work for the San Juan Unified School District and have had an opportunity to develop some gymnastic programs for children from kindergarten through the eighth grade. From this small start and with the influence of Sacramento's "Ambassador fo r Gymnastics" (ITtl Faria) the sport is really on the move in this area. It has been adopted by the school distritt as one of the competitive sports of the seventh and eighth graders. We recently h.ad a meet for the

children from kindergarten through the eighth grade 0/ this district. One hu.n· dred and twenty·five participated, per· forming over two hundred and fift y routines. Many were of a very high caliber. Needless to say we thought it was a huge success. Enclosed are a ·couple of snapshots 0/ the equipment I have made. In one you see myself and a fou rth grade stu·

Dear Sirs: Enclosed you will find a picture of Jim Curzi, a senior at Butler High School in Butler, Penna. ' performing a dismount on the high bar which you may use in your outstanding magazine . Jim has won All·Around honors in the Western Penna. High School Gym· nastic Championships for the past five years. He began winning as a 7th grade r. We do not have state cham· pionships. I honestly feel he is one of the top All·Around gymnasts in high school and has hopes at making the Olympic team in 1968. I'm sure you will be hearing about .this boy. I t may be of interest to you that our gym teams have never been defeated 6 years at Butler and 5 years at Mill· vale High in Pittsburgh. I'm happy to be of some help in can· tributing to your wonderful magazine. Best wishes, Paul Uram Gymnastic Coach

$1.00 Side Horse dent working with a side horse that was made for a total cost of 81.00 (Ulo rn out pommels and leatherette donated). In the other a seventh grader is dismounting from the parallel bars (portable) made from 1%" pipe. We have two sets of these, one high and one low. Other equipment includes a folding box beat board and balance beam. Gymnastically yours, Walter D. Drive r Principal Marconi Avenue School Sacramento 21, Calif.

:I{:

Dear Mr. Sundby: A group of us share your magazine and we all love the ballet exercises for gymnasts articles. We get togethe r and practice to work them out. There was no article on ballet in the last issue. 1/ your magazine ge ts crowded leave ant some other article. Do you plan to discontinue this series? Sure hope not. Best wishes, Bee Morin Norway, Michigan ED.: We have not intentions of di s· continuin g the ballet series by Grace Kaywell. They are too well received as your letter indicates. We just got our production schedule a bit ahead of Grace on the last edition but you will be glad to note that her feature is once again in its regular place.

Jim Curzi

nsed the idea shown in June 1960 M.G . (page 24) . I was wondering if M .G. artist Mr . Hagn er could draw a trojan lor me doing an iron cross or some· thing to that effect? The reason I am asking you is: I am able to reproduce something and enlarge it, but I cannot draw something from scratch and make it proportional. I apologize for using your idea, and I hope that you don't mind. Yours truly, Bill Strait Tucson, Arizona ED.: Glad we could be of help. We regret that Mr. Hagner had to leave us as 'part time artist to take on a full tim~ position elsewhere, however "Gilbert III" an artist and gymnast fan who has made some posters for the * * M.G. was kind enough to submit these Uear Sirs : I made a poster announcing a gym· sketches for your approval. nastic meet last year in which I have * * *

INTRODUCTORY OFFER: Purchase 60 Ibs. (1 case) of the finest gymnastic powder chalk @ 60c lb. F.O.B . L.A. and receive FREE one beautiful chalk box. FRANK ENDO, 12200 So. Berenda Ave. , Los Angeles 44, California. SIDE HORSE, foreign t y pe. good condition and less than a year old - ONLY $250 . WRITE or CALL FENTON McDONALD, 9025 Los Angeles St., Bellflower, California. GYMNASTIC CAMP: Planning on attending a Gymnastic Camp this summer? Then send in your request for a beautiful free brochure (folder) describing Gymnastic life at the National Summer Palaestrum Camp. Write to: National Summer Palaestrum , Inc ., Box 618, Champaign, Illinois. THE GYMNAST: The OfficiQI Magazine of the Amateur Gymnastic. Association of Great Britain. Filled with News, Results, Photos and Instruction of gymnastics in Great Britain and the Continent. Published q:Jarterly. Send $1 .00 for a year's subscription to: J. P. PRESTIDGE, Glenwood, The Park, Sidcup, Kent, Great Britain. (Single copies may be obtained from the Sun-Bee Gym Shop, 11756 Gorham Ave., Los Angeles 49 Californiia for 25(1 . M .G. BILLBOARD: DO you have something to 'sell, New or Used . Place an ad in the M.G. BILLBOARD for quick results. Just $2 .00 a line (Minimum 'Ad $6.00). M .G. BILLBOARD . Box 611 , Santa Monica, Calif.

them to be of the finul ( onstruction (lnd performance. and fligh ly recom· mend them ," Norman (Dick) Hobo.pf.1 Vor,ity Gymno.tiu Coach Uni .... "it)' of Iowa

" for quality, pe rformance and service, I recommend American Trompolinu. " Lorry G,i.wold Author of " Trampoline Tumbling "

THE MODERN GYMNAST PHOTO CONTEST is open to 011 reoders of the M.G. the World over. There will be prizes for 1st, 2nd and 3rd place winning photos which are printed in forthcoming editions of The Modern Gymnost . .... 1st place - $10.00 Gift Certificate for books advertised in the M.G. Bookshelf or by Frank Endo. 2nd place Complete set of back edition M.G.s, Volumes I and II. 3,d place - Gift Subscription to The Modern Gymnast. Honorable Mention Award ... Gift subscription to "The Gymnast" (British Publication). Any Photo Marked Photo Contest and used elsewhere in the M.G. will receive Honorable Mention Award.

" Dur ing my ye ors 01 (I cooch uled lIIony bronds of trampo lines. and ho vo selecte d Ame ricon Trompolines for use in my progrom, 01 I ( oMide, them to be the fin e t! a vailable ."

Chorli. Pond Var,ity Gymno.tiu Cooch Uni .... r.ity of lilinci.

" I have found Ame rican Trampoline s 10 be 01 the highe~1 quality. I highly recommend Ame rican lo r lo p perfo rmance ond long life. " Clair W . Jenn.1I Gym"oJliCi Coach Son Jo •• Stot. College

I'''y,icalli",eu ;t IUN on

BOX 368 -

0'"

Ame,icoll Trompo'i",!

JEFFERSON, IOWA

BAL-NU-VITA TUMBLE - KING A new quick-folding eight-sided trampoline with numerous safety features has been introduced by Tumble-King Interfjational, Inc. The unit' s octagonal design allows spatters to get closer to the jumper, and permits better distribution of tension. All springs and frames are completely covered and protected by special polyethelyne pads, a physical as well as psychological safety factor. Another unusual feature is the hypo-nylon heavy duty jump mat with perforated holes, which eliminates mat burns from bouncing and assures greater stabil ity and solid footing. The mat will not stretch and has no stitching to become undone. The Tumble-King unit comes complete with roller stands and quick-folds fo, easy storage. Its size is 8 V2' x 14 V2', and is designed for use by schools and colleges, in backyards, etc. Tumble-King also makes pit-style trampolines for outdoor use. For further information write to: Tumble-King International, Inc., 114 East 40th St., New York 16, N . Y.

NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS Scientifically supplement your diet the way champions do with BAL-NU-VITA, a nutritional supplement of the very highest quality containing :?8 minera ls and 14 vitamins from 37 natural or organic sources . Mail Now To : BAL-NU-VITA, Dept. G Box 35176 Las Angeles 35, California CHECK ITEMS DESIRED: 3 Months Supply ................... ONL Y $12 .50 (546 Tablets) 6 Months Supply .................. ONL Y $24.00 (l092 Tablets) ____________________________________

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california orders add 4% sales tax

FOR THE BEST IN SWEDISH GYMNASTIC EQUIPMENT CONTACT: ROHNISCH GYMNASTIC EQUIPMENT CO. OREBRO - SWEDEN

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How ABOUT YOU J k ~W'~4 ll-1. { ~~ ~~ ~.-

SUBSCRIBE NOW! RECEIVE 9 ACTION PACKED EDITIONS

of The Modern Gymnast with:

1. INSTRUCTIONAL ARTI CLES 2. INSPIRING ACTION PHOTOS 3. LATEST GYMNASTI C NEWS

Only three dollars a year for nine big issues filled with photo-action Gymnastics . .

Mail Now To: THE MODERN GYMNAST P.O. BOX 611

SANTA MONICA, CALIFORNIA Enclosed find $3.00 for Nine (9) issues ot The Modern Gymnast Cash _ _ Chec~ Money Order_ _ Complete .et ot Volume I. Complete .et of Volume 11 ..... ............... $4.00 Complete .et of Volume 111 ... ... ............ $3.50 Complete 5et of All Back Edition. of Volumes I, II and III plus the original complimentary edition (collector's Item) . __ ............... Ju.t $10.00

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Send all orders to : M.G. Back Editions , Box 6 11, Santa Monica, California. (There is a limited numbe r of complete sets, so order soon to a vo id disappo intment) .

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