SCHGA Ground Skimmer September 1972

The

G~ouno / Kttttte~ September, 1972

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Bob Lovejoy soaring his new Hightailer (modified) at Playa del Rey.

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Richard Miller had many successful fligh ts with his quadruplane at the Montgomery Meet.

Left, Dan Heflinger made many 180 0 turns in the Hightailer at Playa del Rey. On the cover we see Volmer Jensen. showing the fine form which led him to take the Championship Award at the Mon tgomery Meet.

GROUND SKIMMER. PUBLICATION OF THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA HJ\NLi Li-LITIER AS.SOCii1.TION, ING.;

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EDITOR~

LLOYD LICHER

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No. 5., September, 1972

-----------------------------------------------------------------------Deadline for material to go in the November issue is November ·1st_,. bt;i.t :: · items received after .that will be included if the production schedule · permits, otherwise they will be held. over.. for the next issue. Su;bmit material to the Editor at 12536 Woodbine )St., Los Angeles, Calif'.!"90066.

Items in GROUND SKI:MMER may be reproduced (unless it is noted as 'Copyrighted or all rights reserved), provided credit is given to ,GROUND SKIMMER and the author/photographer., if noted. .· We apologize for the delayed publication of this iss~e. Work on the October issue is well along and, hopefully, it may be· availa.bie ior· distri.;:. bution at the October meeting. The object is to get back on schedule with the November issue. · MEMBERSHIP MEETING NOTICE

Day/Date/Time:

Wednesday, October 18, 1972, 7:JO P.M.

Location: Southern Calif. Uas Co. basement auditorium, 810 S. Flower St., Los Angeles. Exit Harbor Freeway at 9th St,.,. go.. ~-~st_ a .few blocks to Flower St. and park at no charge in the lot on the NW corner. · · · Program: Short business meeting of announcements and election of new Treasurer ( Chuck Kocsis has volunteered and is recommended by the. Direc-:- · tors), to be followed by a half-hour break ·tor refreshments and build/ · fly talk. Program after the break will include slides, ·movi-es and 'a · panel d.is·cussion on construction techniques, as suggested by I3ob Rechs.

SCHGA OFFICERS ANn DIRECTORS President:

Lloyd Licher, 12536 Woodbine St., Los Angeles 90066 Phone (213) 397-4848 Vice-Pres.: Frank Colver, 3076 Roanoke Lane, Costa Mesa, Calif. ,92626 Phone (714) 546-9647 · Secretary: Chris Talbot-Jones, 1963 Rose Villa St., Pasadena, Calif.91107 Phone (213) 792-5594 Treasurer: {Vacant) Flight Director: Gary Naeve, $824 Aviation Blvd., Inglewood, Calif. 90301 Phone (213) 641-5166 {work)

ADVERTISING RATES, CONDITIONS AND SIZES Display ads: $J.OO for 1/8 page; $5.00 for 1/4 p~ge or multiple thereof; $15.00 for 1/2 of back cover. Prices are for full-size, photo-ready copy.

Extra charges for make up, .$J.OO to $5.00; reductions,. ~~2.00; and photos, $2. 50. Sizes: 1/8-page, 3-3/4.'' wide by 2-3/811 high:; 1/4-pg., 3-3/4 x 4-3/1+; 1/2 pg.,, .7-1/2 x 4-3/4 or 3-3/4 x 10; full page, 7-1/2 x 10. Classified ads: no charge for members selling personal items; otherwise., 25¢/line.

GS, 9-72

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STAFF CREDIT Recognition is due all those who have assisted the Editor in producing GROUN"DSKIMMER issues as volunteers: Chris Talbot-Jones for cover layout, art work and photo pages: Judy Naeve and Rose Marie Licher for typing; and Rita Ballard and Max Lieber for mimeographing and collating~

Board Me~ting. August 21st, at President Eipper?s home. Present were Eipper, Lich.er and Naeve, with guests Frank and Matt Colver. :Frank agreed to serve as Vice-President if elected. A discussion was held cc,n....; · cerning the costs for 2000 June GHOUNTJ SKIMMERS and SCH(.iA application forms that had been provided to LOW & SLOW for mailing with L&S #15 but· not mailed. An invoice had been f3ent to L&S for the costs. Plans foT the Aug. 23rd membership meeting were reviewed, as were final ar·rangements for the Aug. 26-27th Montgomery Meet, after which the meetirig adjourn-

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Mfilll.Qershi£ Meeting:;..2.. August 23rd. 1\ttendance~ 125. P:re.sident Eipper announced his resignation because of business and personal reasons, vacancy to be filled at Sept. meeting. irnnouncements included membership cards, Aug. GROUND SKIMMERS and Lilienthal Meet certificates ready for · distribution, final arrangements for the Montgomery Meet on the following weekend, with a request for volunteer workers, and Chris Talbot-Jones has bumper stickers for sale. After a break during which many of the foregoing items were distributed, a program was presented that inc.luded slides by Doug Mo:rgan and movies by Volmer Jensen and others. ' Mem)2f.£§.hi£ Meetin&.r. S ep~e.mber 19th. Attendance: 160. .V-P Li cher con.ducted the meeting, beginning with information about SCHGA and announc~ments, including hang gliders at the Torrance Air Show the following weekend'and availability of a new SCHGA flyer. Bob Wills was called on to describe his new duration record flight of 2 hours and 16.12 .min. in a Bennett Rogallo, and other recent activity at the Palmdale . site. Gary Naeve told· of nearing completion on his original monoplane de~:ign which his wife Judy has dubbed the 11 THA., 11 for Teenie Weenie Airplane; Bob Lovejoy described the changes to his monoplane, now called the Quicksilver I; and Frank Colver told about recent successful_flights with his CW-1 Skysail flying-wing, monoplane. Licher then reported o·n the successful conduct of the Aug. 26-27th Montgomery Meet and distributed certificates to the officials and pilots present who did not get them at the awards dinner.

An election to fill the vacancy for President concluded the first portion of the meeting. Lloyd Licher was the only nominee to accept his n6~ina~ tion and the members elected him by a show of hands. That created a vacancy for Vice-President so nominations were opened with orie fo~ Frank Colver that had the support of the I)irectors. .A number of other nominations were made but Kasmer De Lisse was the only one to accept.· Colver was elected as V-P by a show of hands. Treasurer Finley's resignation was then announced, vacancy to be filled at the Oct. lSth meeting. After the traditional break for refreshments and talk there was a variety of slj,des ~nd movies shown, including ones of/by Rob-Wills, Harvey and Dee Millett, Bill Bennett, Bill Moyes, Ken Rogers and Bill Allen.

(We regre.t to report the death of SCHGA member Ed liardia from a selflaunched Rogallo flight near Lake Tahoe. An accident report will be published soon~) - 2 -GS, 9-72.

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA HANG GLIDER ASSOCIATION; INC. 12536 Woodbine Sto, Los Angeles_, Calif. 90066 Phone (213) 397-4848 August 30, 1972

NEWS RELEASE VOLMER JENSEN WINS MONTGOMERY HANG GLIDER CHAMPIONSHIP

Volmer Jensen of Burbank, Calif., was declared Champion of the 2nd Annual John J. Montgomery Hang Glider Championships, held on August 27th near San Ysidro, Calif.

Sixty-

three years young, Volmer flew his original-design hang glider, the VJ-23 "Swingwing," nwnerous times for over one and one-half minutes, for average distances of 2375 feet.

The Championships were sponsored by the Southern California Hang Glider Association, Inc., an organization of over 200 enthusiasts.

The event was held in conjunction with the

annual rededication of the monu..rnent just rtorth of San Ysidro that commemorates the August

28, 1883, hang glider flight of John J. Montgomery.

Over hO pilots flew some 25 hang gliders of various shapes and configurations.

Pre-

dominant were Rogallo-type "kites," diamond-shaped twin sails on a simple,· rigid structure, controlled by pilot weight shifting on a swing seat, from a harness that permits the pilot to fly in a prone position, or from parallel bars.

Winner of the best-flight award for

self-launched Rogallos was Russell Velderrain of Lawndale, Calif~, who made a flight of 16 secondso

Another category for Rogallos was permitted, using· towed launches (by on~ or

two persons), because the slope was too shallow for ex.tended flight by most Rogallos.

Winner of this category was Ray Weyl of Los Angele~,' Calif., w:i.th a flight of 42 seconds from a 100-foot launch.

A separate category for biplanes was won by Taras' Ki·cenii.lk;:..:·Jr~;

of Palomar Mountain, Calif•, flying his original Icarus II tailless design6

Other ~iplanes

entered included two other Icarus II?s and two Chanute-types.

All other entrants were classed as monoplanes, best flight for which was by Volmer its Jensen in his VJi-:-,23. The VJ-23 was also flown by/ .co designer,. Irving Culver, who won a special. award for the longest distance flown, 2416 feet. · Vol~r won another award ;t6r (Over)

best craftsmanship for this gl~der.

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Othe_r monoplanes included Frank tailless . .· Colver's . '

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Sailwing,u which Taras Kiceniuk, Jr., flew very successfully late in the day, Art Bean9s

"Bird," and th~ ''Dial. Kite," the latter two being essentially Rogallo-type structures with high aspect ratios.

Weights of the hang g..liders range from about 35 pounds for the smaller Rogallos to

55 pound:1 for the Icarus II, and 100 pounds for the V,J-23.

Except for the Rogailos which

use weight shifting only for control, most hang gliders have sorri.e sort ~f lateral co~t~ol 'ii:

system but use weight shifting for longitudinal ( speed) confrol. aircraft ~~ntroi~ t~roughout, and airspeeds of 16 to 17 mph. take-off ·and landing.

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nie VS:.-23 ·has· conventional

a s~ple' thick airfoil th~t allows it to be·<nown' at"·

With a 10- to 15-inph wind ~nly a few light st~ps a~e' ~eeded' for

On proper slopes with over 10-mph winds, extended ~oaring. is possible.

The Icarus II has made a 71-minute flight at the Torrey Pin~s Gliderport usi;g X-{o..'..inph wind on a -350-foot ocean bluff.

Both the VJ-23 and Kiceniuk's ·Icarus II are FAA,"iicensed as

amateur-built aircraft for their extended flights, but .the ~£A Administrator has ;~cently ruled that hang gliding is conside!t".ed comparable to sport parachute 'jumping,. making only' brief use of airspace, so it will not be subject to FAA regulations.

Construction plans for most of the types of hang gliders entered in the Championships are available for sale and some hardware kits and components are sold, as well as completed Rogallo-type hang gliders.

Information and sources may be obtained fro~ the Southern

California Hang Glider Assn, Inc., 12536 Woodbine St., La's Angeles, Calif. 90066.

Me~ber-

ship dues for SCHGA are $2. 00 for 1972, which includes receipt of a monthly newsletter, GROUND SKIMMER.

(NOTE:_ i"Fb~ -those recetving one or more photos with-this New:s)iele~se..;. ~- s1:1ggested caption. is as ·fo1lows: A scene from the 2nd Annual John J .. Montgomery ~!Il9rial Hang q-li.q.e,r ,Charp.pionships, held on August 27th near San Ysidro, Calif., to help commemorate Montgomeryts lSSJ hang glider flight. Volmer_,,Jensen of Burbank, C?,J..i;t:., was decla:r(;ld: Champion after. making flights of l! minutes that carried 2375 feet, using his VJ:.:.23 "Swingwing" monoplane.

The photos may bf? published only on the condition _that photo credit i[;l .. ,given-to W.A. Allen._, Recipients of the News Release who did not receive photos but would like one or two for publication may obtain same upon request to the Soµthern .CaJif. Hang Glid('Jr Assn., Inc. )

AI)DITIONAL NOTES ON THE MONTGOMERY CHAMPIONSHIPS By 110yd Licher, Jirector of the Championships The ·foregoing two-page news release was issued by SCHGJ\ in the week following the Montgomery Meet, and sent to most-aviation publications in the U.S. It was reproduced in the Western F3=:yer newspapers in September. Additional details concerning the Meet will be given here to more completely describe the entire happening for the membershipo First arrival for the weekend was 'l'aras Kiceniuk, Jro, with his Icarus II in a car-top box, on Friday afternoon. He scouted the various slopes along the ridge "advortised11 in the Meet flyer and camped at the base of the most promisingo Frank and Matt Colver arrived after dark and eventually found Taras to camp there, too" Lloyd and Max Licher arrived later and camped at the Montgomery Monument a few miles awayo Sat,urday morning everyone joined up, with the help of Paul Wasko, and soon Jim Spurgeon, the local coordinator, arrivedo He said the rented outhouses had been set up at the south end of the ridge so eventually the operation was moved to there and practice flying began as more pilots and gliders arrivedo The hill was only a few hundred feet high and not steep enough for good, self-launched flights by Rogallos but no better alternative was near by so it was decided to make the best o.f it o Signs were posted at the various entrances to the site and in nearby San Ysidro to help others find ito There were quite a few flights made in the afternoon and on until dark, including some recorded as follows: Volmer Jensen in his VJ-23 nSwingwing" reached the bottom of the slope with ti~es of 1~35, 1:15 and 1:39, and said his airspeed was about 1617 mph. Irv Culver flew the VJ-23 almost as far, faster (heVs heavier), in 44 sec. Taras Kiceniuk, Jr., flew his Icarus II nearly as far, in : 30, : 40, : 25·, : 3 5 and ~JO. Larry Mauro brought his recently completed Icarus II from Sunnyvale and worked his times up, :07, :10, :17, :35, :15, :25, :15, :25 and :JO, and Taras flew it once for :28. Matt Colver was getting 7 seconds in his Flexi-Flyer Rogallo and Ray Weyl got :24, :20, :20 and :20 in his 20 9 Rogalloo Ray·had a new Kronkite, also, but be.fore he could give it a good try one of the struts was collapsed in compression by the wind pressurE; on the top of the kite as it sat on the ground. Tom Dickinson and Steve Elliott 0xercised the Batso Rogallo, obtaining long steps when trying for self--launches, so they resorted to 2-fellow tows of from 10 to 15 suconds} obtaining equal times in free flighto Max Licher assisted them and had a "push" flight down the slope in it later~ Ed Gardia and Dave Muehl towed each other in Ed 1 s Rogallo, making 20-sec. belly skims with a prone harness but lifting up for standup landing~. Joe Faust set up the Armour-Dial Koman 2C kite and made many light hops down the slope, after which he let others try it, including Joe, Jr., and Ray Weyl. Kaz De Lisso flew his new seat-rigged Flexi-Flyer but the seat got damagedo Frank Colver tried his CW-1 Sky..:. sail flying-wing monoplane and found that the control surfaces were hinged too far back so wouldn 7 t operate properly., Will Battles flew his Rogallo 10 sec. off a steeper hill behind the main slope, and Gary Naeve tried his Rogallo. Finally, though, flying activity drew to a close with some people going into town for supper and others cooking out in a camp around the top of the hill. It had been overcast most of the day but it cleared in time for a full moon to bathe the scene in soft lighto The view from around the friendly campfires was striking, with

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the lights of Tijuana~ Mexico, on a hill to the south, and those of San Diego and the large bridge to Coronado to the north. in event such as this· Montgomery Meet is more than jut,t pilots coming together to fly their gliders .at the same time and place; it 2 s also the i~itial site appraisal and preparations, the gathering around campfires to review the day 9 s activities and discuss neW~deiflcipments and plans, sleeping at the ~ite, and the wrap-up ..dinner/awards c-eremonyo Only those who participate in all of these aspects of the Meet derive the most from it.

Suntjay arrived inexorably, ready or not! A black Rogallo was being flown from the back hill.as early as 7:30 A.M. The morning saw last-minute preparations such as erection o.f ~;to.kes and ropes to keep· tho spectators out of the flying area, mimeograpr:i 9f w::ti vc: rs to be signed by pilots ancl photographers, etc" ?in2lly :c., pilots 1 meeting o.5 call2 d by Lloyd Li cher, Director of the Championsr1ips, at a bout 11 ~ 00 ihIVI. where the events and rules were announced and officials .introduced: timers Bob Chase, Russell St. John and Paul Vla~3ko; regis:.rars Mrs. Freddie Weyl and Judy Naeve; and crowd control, Kaz j')e Lisse. and Chuck Kocsis. As soon as the waivers were signed and ribbon ba.dges ::_ssued flying began; and again the· activity resembled that of Saturday o> It w.as. sUrrny and temperate v!J.th a good wind out of the west right into th.e slope. j, complete list of all gliders was not made but othc::rs that ·were there and not mentioned previously or in the news release were Art Pov'Jell 1 s nGreen Machine' biplane, a 11 Hang-Loose 11 biplane by Mike Tamor that flew true to form, Bill · Bennett and associates with a number of their Delta-Wing Ski Kite Rogallos, Harvey and Dee Millett with Hogallos, and Chris Talbott-Jones arrived later with his blue Icarus II, making three ,of that' type present.. , Over 110 flights were officially timed du;ring the day until 4:00 P.IvI., announced end of the Meet, the best of which were,mention$d in the news . release. Three women pilots made flight attempt's but. were not timed~ Mr:::o .. Frankie Mauro ;in Larryv s I caru~3II, Mrs Vickie. Tal,bot-Jones ih C_hris 1 Icarus II, and Miss Rita Ballard in the Batso. Late in the day Taras · tried Colver 1 s askysail 11 aftc)r Frank :i.ad.modified tte co.ntrols a.no. :::_ · surprise~ - it flew very well, much to Frank 7 P immense satisf2.ctio:p Kaz was superlative as the solicitor of contributions to cover Meet e~~ penses, collecting a total of ~;;54.76.

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Tho.se who were able then retire.d to the Valley Shadows Restaurant in San Ysidro for the dinner and presentation of awards and certificates to all participants. Special thanks were given to Jim Spurgeon and Mrs. Joyce Hettich who arranged the rededication ceremony for the Monument, use of the Meet site, and the excellent cooperation of the local constabulary.

There was general agreement that it h::td been a most successful M~et, and everyone is looking ;forward to tr~Ei next one. list of a:l pilots follows, Lynn Bale Tom Dickinson . Chris Dubrowski Rita Ballard Ralph Battles Dave Ductor J\rthur Bean Stev-e Elliott Bill Bennett Ernest Feher Samuel Feinstein Frank Colver Matt Colver Mel Ford R.L. Cranny II Eddie Gardia I.H. 'Culver Marty Gaynor Kasmer De Lisse Hoy Haggard

Richard Harrod David Muehl Volmer Jensen 1\rt Powell Taras Kiceniuk, Jf; Scott Sayre Cha:;:--les Kocsis, Jr. ·Jale Schubert Frankie Mauro .Michael Tamar Larry Mauro Bob Valentine !:3cott McKenney 'rhoma$ Valentine Harold IIeints ,Russell Velderrain . . ..Ted Webster · Dee I'fiillett Harvey Millett CArl and Hay Weyl

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MONTGOMERY MEET '72 Photographs by WA. Allen

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Lloyd Licher presides at the Pilot's Meeting.

Taras Ki..ceniuk.

Tom Dickinson [lying Chris Jones' Icarus.

Bill Bennett human-towing his Delta kite.

Larry Mauro from Cupertino, Calif had many excellent flights in his Icarus.

Volmer Jensen.

Photo by C.E. Fernandez.

"There goes that Icarus again."

Taras Kiceniuk making the second successful flight in Frank Colver's sailwing. ·

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Steve Elliot landing the Batso.

Photo by C.E. Fernandez.

Roy Haggard came down from Visalia.

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Art Powell on tow with the Green Machine.

Self-launch!

Prepared hv

n i 11 no,,,e:r, Rva.n nop, ,Timmv Ha:vnard, J1uR-r.e Deal, anc1. StoV<~s Mc t1i1lan

(Fditor' s Hot:e: 'T'l,if; naper ,ra.s prenar eo a::; ,1. nr,:,nch Ac+iv.ity Pror-rr1m at MirrniErninpi State T'rd.ve:rr,it·u.

It Par: suJ,ri:i.tterl for the ti,FTILf1IX A,,m:rd Cor1pe1-ition for 197'.?, racuJ.+\ /'c~v:i s01" 1·as Lester R. P0 ster.)

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nrrrRnnr '("T'I nn 1,~other Natu:rc ha:-:, fascinaterl ma:n L':: th hnr ···111r1.erous anwzinr: f~ai:s for many de.cades. f"'},eif amorir tl1ese is the ahilitv of a b:i.r0 to flv.

Trying to d11nlicate the biro's air~orne achievement has :result~o in Many aerial devices.

The first atter'1.pt Pi'l.S to D;::i)re ,,dnr.s very muc1, siri:ilar to trior.e of biros a~r:1 to stra.p these to t}-1e <"lY rrr: 0f man.

In ler;ef'0 it nor:ker'l, a.s was the cas~ for Icarus nho e.scapec1 from pr5 f:;on with the aid of v·rinp;s strappec1 to his bodv, but in rC'alitv it fail eel, 'T.11 is t,ias rlue mainlv because ma.n's a:rT'l pot,rer Pr1.s insuff :i.c :Lent to lree.n him a.loft hut for a. very short time.

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~o man even+:uaJlv evolvc.c1 from man-poPerec'I flir,hi" to the r;lidersty1e aircraft which proverl successful.

Clioing flipht hepan in the vear 1891 with the flir-hts of' Lilientl1aJ.. Pe even trien longitu<-linal control l)y shiftinp; the ceriter o-F ~ravitv on his aircrrift. 'T'he .vJri;rht. brothers prRcticed rlic1in~ flirht aJsn, bt1t as aid Lilie~thal, they lay face r'lot n r11ri nr: ti-1eir f l:i.,r:•~t:s.

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Later they rleveloped a plider 1,1f1ic1, i:·'ct.S placeci into flirrh+ c'ue to a man nl-i;'S ~ calJ.y runnin.r~ t·?:ith the crri Ft on his sho11lrlers. After taJre-off the mRri literr1Jlv ri1m 1~ from tl,e rrlirler, ann •,ence the name "hanr; f"lider" 'T'h . . o.f 1-J1anr: g.·L icP.rs . ·1 .

11as soa:re1,"' to · popu 1... ar,' ty in ' ,:,,ras b o:rn. . ,.. e f. 1 y1nr: manv' sections of the countrv, especi2llv in California.

The desipJ1 class of t},p nsr· Aeror:;:i::ace '.ieDB:'tmerit ,mrler-too1, the task of desip;ninr; a hanf" r:U.rlP.r 1:1~ th lirT·htwcirTht d,ar;icteristics, irrmroved control ancl a s:im'f)le structure 1: h:.i.c1-,: vm11lrl 1-:,c" capable of flving at lm1 altitudes un<1er no-1-,inr1 conr1itinn~;.

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TrireP. nossihle <:Onfi rr11r,1tions pere 1in<1ertaken in the earlv staves of the studv. 1'11e t:bree conf i~ur;:1tions ,,,ePe: ( 1) a monoplar,e des i r:n, (2) a biplane design anrl (3) a tandem confi~uration •.

·A mdn6pl~ne hanr; ~liner vas chosen over trie other two considerAtions.

The preliminary stt1dies revealerl t~at the tandem desi~ri had undesirP~ie stabilitv char,::1cter:i.s+:i.cs, and the nir,lane ·hanr r:lid.er seerr'erl to have reached a pl~teau'of ~evelopment~ ~h11s, the monoplane han~ ~Jider appeared to t~e a ,m:i cn1e contY.':i''11tinn to this fast-,rroPinr, snort, The Aueust Raspet Student nr.:inci-, AIA/1 decided to r1ccept tl,is crallenr;e and choose as its pro1P.ct the contim,a+:i.on of the c1esip:n clctss' s efforts . ' ' ' . on t h e h ang gli~er pro.~r 1 cm. T-n a d d1t1nn, certaJ.n modi.f.ications t o t h'is

Q§., 9-72

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desir-n i, ere incorporatecl to increase ti-,e safety of the st:ncJert pilot, i:oprove th.'e control s~rst:e"1, and c~ecrease the FeiFht and cost of the glider.

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f, decisive factor in the l'II/11'1.' s decision to cr1oose .the ·hanrr 9;li0er

as its yearly project "ac, the fact t•1at- one of t:l;e meY'bers hail previouslv desi~ned, constructed, and flo~n his own si~ple han~ plider.

Another factor hehin~ this decision was thP nature of thP project in that i+ attracted the oarticipation of all mer~ers in coor~inatinr· the effort for tl'e successful corn~letion of the project. Conseonently, t-he tean effort r.as l,een suhdivider1 into the fo1:i.:0Hinrr r:roups, or departments: fa~rication, (iesipn ro(iifications, lo~istics, a(1Finistrators, assently, an..d test in a. In t-h is manner, each J11eeber of the stuc'lent chapter is presented with an overview of the operations of the aircraft industr~,.

A monoplane hang ~lider with the estimates s~own in this paper can be built and safely flovn. Our basic assuQption was that the pilot woulrl. be able to keep the aircraft ,,,ell wi trin reach of .the rrround ( 9 feet) in case of any sudden fall. A rivh aspect ratio (10) an~ a hiphly camberecl winr: are the prirr-e factors in obtaininr clesiraJ,le performance paraMeters. Primary structural prohlers considered were the desirnin~ of a cantilever winv. of sufficient strenp;th and deter.mininp, satisfactory buildinp materials.

Svrnbols l'sed CL

lift coefficient

CD

drag coefficient

s V p

e

Cni induced draf coefficient Coo zero-liFt dr~rr coeffirient L total lift L/n lift-+o-clrap; ratio· (i:r,ill c=tetermine the hillside slopA to use)

h

C

surface area velocity in ft/sec Densitv airplane efficiencv factor ( usually • 6 <. e <l. 0) span of ~in~ (len~th) sinkinp: speeci

Performance For a starting point in the desirn we Pade restrictions on the wei~ht (~hich shoul~ not be too heavy for the_ pilot to han(1le).

Perfonma:n.'ce concH -t-ions were aSSUJ"le(i t:o allm-1 a_ safe take-off 9 ·p;lide t a:nd land inf". \Text ar, airfoil pro:fil e iras selecterr for the lift force needed. l.;

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Once the performance specifications were set, t:he structural analysis and stat-ili ty-,md-control anal vs is be.-ran. ('orrect:ions, P1'en neetlec'l, ·were constantlv beinr; nacte thro1,p:hout the desip:p rrocess. ( Se~ 'tahle' 1) .· 'T'he follm!irip: equations t.- ere usecl for nrelir'linary performance calculations: 1

,fr

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· 1-.S,

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(1)

= n. 0 + -n·

Drag Calculations:

· C'no

0 1

0 1

s ,,,ir0 .

c•

~)nan

=

-

,'lnP

(2)

Lift Calculations:

(3)

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1-,sne ct: Rat: J_o:

Phere

0--.-

('--.

0

.1.,

•")

'1WJnfY

CL~

rDJ·_ = ~

7TA~.e

Q

Lltail

+ rDtaiJ

sr,1inr; .-

L

')

.AF'.

= l,'-

( See Table 2 for nerforn,3nce cl,aracteP-i sties) Refer to References land? for the ahove equations.

NOTr:

Another irrportant factor ir, pPrforrance is c,:rounci effpct:.

In close proxirr,i ty to t 1,e pro11T'C1, aerorlvnarnic parane.t-eY'S sncr as rL, r and CDi are affecte<l.

As t~e r;rounrl is approached, the span of the winr; have a c11shionir,p· effeC'i::, t:herc~1'y makinr; decreasinr: the incluced nrar:, and sink irie sneec1. ( f:ee FOTE: Refer to Reference 3 for information on groun(f

anC1 chord the lift p-reater, Fipure 1) effect.

Stability and rontrol The horizontal tail, v0rtical tai], anrl a~lerons ~ust nrovi(fe efficient control in pitchinp, vw1in~, and rollinp of the hanp glider. The ailerons must rave eno11fh totaJ surface area in order that v1hen rlef1ectec sufficiently larrre rollin? moments vil] he nroci11cerl t-o prevent the ninr tips from contactin~~ the r:rounrl.

Spoilers (?.' x fi") are intended to r-e installer to al lop in-flipht E;lic'IP anrle changes. ( See "'ahle 3 for controlJin~ surface characteristics) These control surfaces are manipulated through linkao-e svst0rrs connecterl to the pilot's two control sticks. 'T'he rir;ht-hanr1 stick controls t:he ailernns and elevators v1hiJ e the left-hand stick r·ot-ates al-out a vertical axis to contn,J +-1,e rurlrer and a lever on the stic~ oper~~es the spoiJers v~en it is saueezed tQ the stick.

Tah1e ti anrl 5 show t1-,e resul t-s of sta1•iJ i tu calculations -For the centerof-r:ravi ty nos::i_ t:ion and rolJ i.np; mome:r,t:, resnect:ively.

Structures The analvsis of rhe winr: struct-11rP. Vi::is m;:.de usinr; a safety factor of 1. 5 and assuminr: a maxirrum dP s :i (rn loa(1 cr,eatecl by accelerations of t 0 o r's.

'T'he win.fT span is 50 fe.et; tJ.e c'les.i 1>n is a cantilever type us:Lnp a twinspan ·.construction. ( See Fir-ure 2) The total loac'lirig on t~e front anf rear spars was consi.derec'l se~arately to determine the sectional pronerties of eacr. 'T'he rleflection of the wing was considered usin~ the formuJa for maximum deflection of a cantilever rerun: v114

_, GS 9-72

__ 8FI

, where Wis the loading per unit length.

- 11 -

Other hang p;lider componerit-s were consirlered sepa:rately. loads ·will be small .clt.1e to the low flir(rt velocities•

Tail. surface

A 2" O.D. 6061-'T'G seamless aluninum tuhe was fo11ncl to be sufficient for the fuselar:J~ struc.ture.. The aJ undrn,r;' tuhe vrill be wire; braced to increase tre torsional stiffness a~c'l the hendi~P ~trenr;th of the fuselap;e.

Pilot Sunr,ort 'J'he cockpit actuall v constr11cted 1:-1as deEiP'nec'l to fit the pilot comfortahlu hy supno:rting J-:irri under the arms. It Yas cl.ecidec'l that a width o~ 16 inches ~·as the best- sunr,ort- width. ro~ increased safety of the pilot, the l1acl~ o,f the cocJ<pi t was left open providinv an easy exit in case of emeri:rencv. Orir,-inallv, the cocJ,pit waR to he attached to the strenr;thene<l ri.bs at the' leadinp ec?;e, 2ll inches apart, and at the front spar at nositions 18 inches apart. ~he final confi~urRtion is still under consirleration.

·i.

Thus iar the basic design has teen esta~lished. Many of the minor details in the ~tructure have not been rlecirled upon at this point.

The tail section was rlecirled to consist of three identical.components.

The two horizontal components and the vertical component .iiOuld eacff.. 1"e full floating, thns simplifuing 1:ht~ const-ruction. One component of the tail has be~n assembled, excludinp: the coverjn'V,.

A six-and-one-haJ_f-foot wing sect:ion waf: a.lso constructed. . iT'he wing section was built to test various coverinf ~aterials and va~ious means of bracing the wing st-ruct:ure. 1c,AlBo, the wing section.woulc'lallow the pilot support to be attachec'l and .loaded. ,, '!

Two main-spar construction metliorls were cons~dered. A. plyr,1ood white pine box spar was huiJt for the sho:rt-v1 ing section. '1'he box S·par was relatively heavy ahd expensive because .oF the plvpood facinf,.

Concurrently an open-truss spar was const-~1cterl and tested to destruction.

Because o~ sjmplicity o~ construction and lo~ cost, it is propose<'! that the open-truss spar will he use<'I in the fnll-scale ship.

As each maior asserbly o~ the happ ~lider is comn]ete(1, it will h~ test.ed for· strnctural I i fr:i.. di tv and for compatihiJ.i tv with other

. r -. ~

1

comp.onents.

The final assembly vTiJ.l un<lerr,o. several types of' tests for strength a:nd operational characteristics. 'T'he first of these tests, w:i.Jl be of the static type to estahlish that the nesipn criterin are mP.t. The next phase. will be one: of controlled tm,1 inr while maintainin.r;. strairht ann level flip-ht' to: ·evaJuate vari.ous performance .._parnmeters. For example, to rletermine the drafT at diff,erent- flipl·t-speeds, a m~asurement will be taken directly from the pull of the tow rope as the ~15der toµ car .. , travels nt different spee(1s. The ~lider'~ lift val11P will be calculated by using· the knov1n ton car sp·eed a.nd the w~ivht of the craft. From

- 12 -

LrS,

9-72

these vaJues of li-Ft ar,cl rlrr1g:, CL anc" CD vdll easilv he d,erfved. .,..lie third phase of testinr will ~ea controllerl towinp test usinr nitch, ya~,1 onrl roll cont:r0ls, and testirw various set-t-in;.rs o-F the spo5 lers to. ¢leterm5ne sta'·i Li.tv ari(~ col"'t-rol narf1rneters. The final series of. tests w:11) he the evaJ uation of t-he r:lider ur,dP-r r1ctnaJ. sl.one-so·arinr;

conditions.

'T'he .construction .of the hanr; f(l_::der n:ilJ b8 done, for the !!'ost. nart, in the Ras pet RPs·earch Puilrli.riv' c; f,1.c:i li ties, Hhici-, is ful}Y ecrni.nned with the tooJ.s, ;i~~, etc., neede~ for thi~ pro~ect, anc" where skilled technicicms r.-d.11 he avc1::i lar-le to Pdv:i SE, in the construction.

Each me~her of the assemhly section oft-he stu~ent team ~·ill he placeo in a construct lon fTY'OUT), P'· ic•1 Flay he -the P:i.nri-:, tail, controllinkap.;e, or p5 J.ot-cocJ·nit P-rour. ""'he construct-ion hv. each p;.roup v1 ill 'be carrierl out s5.ml1l taneousTV~ ':''!,e vai~:i_ous cf:rouns ·t;rjl1- the:r'I. combine in joinin~ the narts and.fi~lshin~ the hang ~lider.

RrFERnrcrs

1,, 2.

3.

norr.>JT1nch, Sherlw e ConnoJ.lu, "Airplane AerodynaMics;.'' 1951 Diehl, "Enrineering Aerodvnamics," 1928.

Etkin, "Dvnam:i cs of Flirhtl! 1959.

LIST OF MATERIALS AND rOSTS White ni.ne spar and rib m~teri~J, 85 bct. 2 ft-. 0 ,75/bd. ft •••••• t 64i00 1/16" aircraft Dlvv1ood, 1711 ft2 n .65/ft ••••••••••••• 2 •••••••• 110,00 Coverinr mAterial, polyethelene Cheat- .shrinkahle)SGO ft n .10/ft2 56,00 9,00 4-. 0 0

1/16" ca'hle, 300 ft n $3,0Q/ 100' • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Har&;are: 16 turnbuckles 8 .25 ea t • • I • • a I I I I I • I I I I I I I • e I

I

I

•

I

rrorrAL

I

I

$243,00

All ot'her misc~°"llaneous hardv,~re will J;e supplied hy the rlenartment.

'J'/_!JLJ~ ''C. l ~ DP~.ENSiot!S:

Sf'f'C'IFICATIO}JS

WFICTT'T'S:

Win~ Area= 250 ft. 2

= 7 5 lbs Tlilot = 170 lbs

Win~ Chord= 5 ft.

Gross Wei~ht- = 24S lbs •.

Wi~p Span= 50 ft.

Ermty

I'ax. P.l ti tude = 9 ft.

WDW, SECTION:

Goettinren Profile #F52

GS, 9-72

- 13 -

TABLE NO CL = 1.s1r;

t:"!

CD.}.

::

0.0()85

CDo

::

O.OG77G

PfRFORPANCE PArrA

2:

AN CLE OF AT 01'J\CK

L/D

or 30

max

:: 9.4

S'T'JTPfST r;r,rDr:: NTCLF =-6 .1 °

~'Ul. SINKING SPErn, C . =-2.26

min ft/sec

CD :: Clh. + CDo = 0.1662C AR -· 10.0 CLmax

ci

e

= 0.775

"'/\K"F:OFF SPfED,V.

l. 2.6

f.f= 22.0 ft/ 1_ ta.,eo.

TJ<"'r sec ( 15. 0 mph)

S"'ALL SPEED, V

stal 1

.

= 20.0 ft/sec

( L. 3 7 mph )

TABLE NO 3: Srn/\IHLITY E ('Q}TTROL - COHTR0L CHJ\R'T' Items, ·

Surface Areas

(Horizontal Tail) LONGITPDINAL CONTROL

3G.4 ft 2

(Vertical Tail) DI.RECTIO}J_AL. C.ONTROL

,18,7. ft 2

Dimensions Soan

Ghord

L

,,

TAPLF PO, 4:

.

.

= 12 ft = 4 ft

4.0

Span= 6 ft Chord

+otal arc-,;:1·2= 25 ft ...e.a.ch..a.i 1 e_r_orr = 2 12, •. s f t -

(Ailerons) .

LATERAL CONrrROL

Aspect Ratios

= 4 ft

4.0

'I'OTA.L = 2(1.25 1 xl0 1 ) IAr'F = Span= 10 ft C}· ord = 1 • 2 5 '

..

S"·f\P,ILI'l'Y CPAP.,,

ROOT CHORD 5 feet = Center of Gravi+v Position ·J .• 6S ft Stick-Fixer1_ l-Te.1..1tra.l Poin.t 2. 61"· ~'; Stick - Free NeutraJ Point 1.82 ,•: Condition for Pitching t:oment 1. = 5° r,, 0 nownwash Derivative t

*

.192

C -Cl ~ .iiss

d ·~x.:

* measure~ from leading ed~e of root char~ TABLE NO. 5~ STABILITY DERIVATIVES Calculated Values

j

FOR Samax = ±2cP ~

Roll Rate= P

Rolling Moment Coefficient c1 aileron 00095 Rolling Moment Coefficient Per Unit Aileron Deflection Dihedral Effect With r = 5°

- 14 -

dCl dB

-0.00251/deg

,.152 rad/sec or EL 7 deg/sec oCl

-~uoa

0.272

('

_, GS 9-72

LO

CHANGE IN c1

0

J

6

........... ~;-..···

9

12

13.

h (fto)

CHANGi,; IN c.Di

0

3

6

9

12

15

h ( ft O)

2

0

()

(+) : ..

G ..

LO

0

CHANGB IN C, SINKING SPEED

3

6

9

12

15

h ( fto)

FIGo 1 GS, 9-72

CHANGE IN AERODYNAMIC PARAMETERS DUE TO GROUND EFFECT

- 15 -

~ ~:

·.·

t"I!!;.---------·------· 50' ............ -~.!,, ............_ .. _._

----------?,U~····t n· 1, U C.. :;i

II

- •.•., ......... •.-

\=:i

Ii ii II

! ....,,, ..... ... ,___ . ~_ ..,...._....... ~". ~

- 16 -

GS, 9-72

SOUTHr~RJ\T CALIFORNIA HANG GLIDER ASSOCIATION, INC. SCHGA was founded in December of 1971 by a group of 25 enthusiasts who thought it was time to orr;anize. The oro:aniza tion has r:rown steadily I to a total .of over 220 members in Septernher of 1.972, liost menl~ers reside in S0utbr0n1 California but many are in other states, Bylaws were adopted and application bas been made for nonprofit, corporate status. rro q_ uote from the bylaws, "the primary purposes of the AssociaU.on aro to engare in the development, study, and use of fuel-less fl:tcht sy,ster:is and aircraft capaiJle of bein,o; launched by human power alone, to make knowledr!e re la tinr; to these subjects availal-:Jle, and to organize meets where the. testing and flying of such systems and aircraft will be encouraged," i·ionthly meetinzs are held for members and the public at the Southern Calif. Gas Co. basement auditorium, i310 S, I11lowor St., Ios An,~;eles, call for the date if you don't receive a rneetinr notice i (21J) J97-4C'L~fJ or J?0-4449. ~xit the Harbor Fwy. at 9th St., go east a few blocks to Flower St, and 11ark at no chan;e in the corner lot. Programs usually have movies and slides of han:~ c:lider activity, attendance varies from 120 to 200.

A monthly puolication, £lftOUlYD SKIIjiJ.i, was started by SCHGA for its members in i"fay of 1972 and it has grown to 1Je a comprehensive journal recording the history of the hang glider movement as it happens, plus news of man-powered aircraft developments and other means of self-launched fH?;ht in ultralight aircraft, The Assoclat:i.on ls (e,Overned lJy a -soard of five Directors, elected annually by the members, names, addresses and phone numl)ers are ,o;iven 1n each GROUND SFHil'tI:R, Dues were set at :1i2 for all of 1972, to lnclude receipt of all hack J.ssues of GROUND SKIIlT~n. Dues will likely be a 1:Jit more for 1973 to cover increased publication and mailing costs out the intention ls to keep them as low as practical.

Two lar";;e han,"< dider l\eets have l)een sponsored 1w SCHCA j_n j 972, one to honor Otto Lilienthal, on Lay 21st, and one for John .T, l'Iontrrnmery, on Auz:ust 27th, described in the June and Sept. yROJJND ;;3Kiiil!ms. Others will 1:Je scheduled as appropriate occasions arise.

In addition to the above-mentioned 1Jenefits, meml)ers receive a serially numbered membership card, have their interests represented before government agencies, and have the Association to help them find suitable flyins sites, insurance coverage, sources of building materials, and other things 1Jest done 1-iy an organization. SCHCA also acts as a source of information alJout all phases of ultrali~ht acU.vity and tries to help newcomers in other areas contact each other, start cluos and/or build and fly together. It has available a list of all !mown sources for ban~: ~:lider plans, parts, kits and ready-to-fly craft, ore;aniza tions, movies and slide shows (as!: for ;}\-·UL), The most-used flyin:cr, site i,s near L,A, International Airport, at the beach, just south of the west end of Imperial HJ.(,hway, On any weekend afternoon there may 'he 1.0 or more hang e;liders flyine; down or soarJ.n2; alonr: the JO-foot··hip:h sand ridge there, sometimes with. searruJ.ls. Park in the steam plant lot across the road.

If you'd l:i.ke to read more a'.Jout the activity l1e:E'ore decidinr, whether oJ:· not to join SCHGA, there were c;ood, illustrated articles in the June, 1.972, i.ssues of POPULA.H SCitNm and J'OPULAfl [jCHANICS. B'or everyqne who over wanted to experience the unique sensation 9f fli:r,ht, hang gliding puts it within theb::- reach and a1Jility. liem1)ership in SCHGA will add to the pleasure.

SCHGA Item J6-U

~RSHIP APPLICATION FORM SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA HANG GLIDER ASSOCIATION, INC ..

Check category of membership desired, fill in and submit with appropriate dues (make checks payable to SCHGA, Inc.) to the )

~~- President, Lloyd Licher,· 12536 Wood-

bine St. Lo.s An,gele.s Calif. 90066 - ~ - Member, $2 dues for 1972. Includes su5scription to m011thlJ newsletter, GROUND SKIMMER, plus voting privilege. _ _ Family Member, $1 dues for 1972. For members of the immediate family of a Member, residing in the same household; receives same benefits as a Member except the newsletter.

Copies of the bylaws of the Association are available upon request and will be furnished to each member.

SCHGA # __

Name of Applicant (print) Mailing Address City

State

Phone (_._) _ _ __

Zip

Date of Application

Age

In case of emergency, contact (Name) Phone ( _ _ )_ _ __

Issues of .GROUND SKIMMER already bought or received: Supvey Information Requested (optional): Occupation

----

Have you flown an ultralight glider?

If not, .do you desire to fly one? - - - If you· own a completed ultralight glider or are building one, please indicate here what type it is If it is under construction, indicate here what %done %, and estimated month of completion - - - Check FAA pilot certificate/ratings held: Glider: Airplane:

Stu. _ _ ; Stu. _ _ ;

Pvt. _ _ ; Pvt._;

Cornml. _ _ ; Conunl. _ _ ;

CFI_ __ CFI_ _ ;

Instr. _ _ ;

ATR_ _

What could SCHGA do to be of more service to you, personally, in your ultralight interests and activities?

#4-U (7-72)

'ICARUS n' Claims Record Taras Kiceniuk Jr., makes 72 min .

"RECORD" flight from Torrey Pines

Ju ly 2, 1972

Complete Discription o f Construction $10.00

Rob lnvejoy's "High Tailer" modified Dacron Wing Covering,Nylon Ve rticals NEW SHOP IN TORRANCE NOW OPEN.

'BATSO' " Bamboo Rogallo Hang Glider"

Plans $5.00

1733 Border Avenue , Torrance, Calif. 90501 SHOP HOURS:

213·3ZD 9313

9:00 am to 6:00 pm

Taras Kiceni uk Jr .

Palomar Observa t ory Pal omar Mount i an , Calif.

9 2060

Monday thru Fri da y 9:00 am to 4:00 pm Sat urda y clo sed Sunday

GO F L Y ~ AKITE! ~

-A

Le t everyone know y ou a re a par t of t he growing, n ew sport of Hang G1 i din g.

Wea r a SCHGA or Se l f-Soar t e eshirt wh en ever you fly. I dentify the thing ,...___ _ _ __ _ _ __,B on to p of your car wi t h t he "IT'S A GLIDER" Safety Flag. Say how you REAL PILOTS FLY HANG f eel wi th some Da - Glo Bumper Sticke rs!

sp1n1TS, LIFT Youn n n TRY HANG GLIDING

HANG GLIDERSc. IT'S A

HANG If BIRDS CAN HY, SO CAN I

DOWN WITH POWERED PLANES F. IS SELF FLIGHT ONLY FOR t THE BIRDS ? SKYSURf. c.

GLIDER

I.

Order from: ~~

1963 Ro se Vi lla St . ~----~HPasadena, Calif.91107 Sticker s . . 35¢ each or any 4 for . . $1. OD H. Flag - red & y e l low 45c;: ea .

I . SSA Shirt - blue wi th dark b l ue emb l em . . $3.50 ea .

J. SCHGA Shirt - ye l low with red emblem

. . $3 . SO ea .

I nc l ude 5% tax + 25c;: postage ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-J.

The Ground Skimme~ No.5 Sept. 1972 C/o SCHGA. Inc. 12536 WOODBINE STREET

LOS ANGELES, CALIF.. 90066

P A1 RI CK PAGE

153

393 CR ON I N !] .

S A~LI\ C :, I, R !1 , : A:.. IF.

950 5 l

Third Class Mail Calendar of Events September 19th. - Open Club Meeting at the Gas Company.

September 23rd and

24th - Torrance Air Show - to include sta t ic

display of Hang Gliders by SCHGA. October 1st. - Deadline for submissions of articles to the Groun d Ski mmer.

October 10th. - Board of Directors Meeting, November 25th. and 26th. - Annual Hang Glider Tur key Fly . Sit e in Los Angeles area to be announced .

GROUND SKIMMER is the monthly newsletter of the Southern California Hang Gli der Assoc., Inc. and is mailed to SCHGA members as their benefit of their membership. Applications for membership should be submitted to the SCHGA Treasurer, Rick Finley, 2608-C Graham Ave.,Redondo Beach, California 90278. Dues for 1972 are $2.00 Checks should be made payable to the SCHGA, Inc. Copies of the bylaws are available upon request and are furnished to each member.