50 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT LIFE IN TARRANT COUNTY

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THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT LIFE IN TARRANT COUNTY 2015 United Way of Tarrant County Community Assessment

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VISION Tarrant County will be a place where children, individuals and families thrive, where neighbors care for each other and where people willingly share the responsibility of ensuring a safe and healthy community for all.

MISSION To improve lives across our diverse communities by: • Prioritizing needs in education, income and health • Forming innovative and effective partnerships with other organizations • Strategically raising and investing resources to make lasting change DIVERSITY STATEMENT United Way of Tarrant County values and seeks diversity by respecting the knowledge, abilities and experience of all individuals.

Our commitment is to support an inclusive environment reflecting our United Way communities and accomplishing our mission.

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THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT LIFE IN TARRANT COUNTY 2015 United Way of Tarrant County Community Assessment

Findings from the 2015 United Way of Tarrant County Community Assessment are being used by United Way, its partners and many other community organizations to diagnose tough problems and find solutions. Only by working together, with the broad community involvement of individuals, organizations and businesses with a common focus, can we hope to make improvements.

This booklet builds on data from the United Way of Tarrant County Community Assessments completed in 2009, 2012 and 2015 and incorporates 2010 Census data along with statistics from reliable national, state and local sources to provide a decade-long retrospective.

In between census years, the U.S. Census Bureau releases estimates, survey data and analytical reports from the American Community Survey that are updated yearly on the American FactFinder (http://factfinder.census.gov).

View and download the 2015 United Way of Tarrant County Community Assessment at: unitedwaytarrant.org/community-assessment

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OVERVIEW THE ASSESSMENT FINDINGS Many people in Tarrant County lead comfortable, prosperous, optimistic lives. Working together has made a difference on problems that have been a high priority for community leaders, such as homelessness, juvenile crime, gangs, AIDS and teen pregnancy.

Since the decade 2000-2010, Tarrant County has continued to be one of the fastest-growing counties in the nation as new businesses, individuals and families moved to the area. A vibrant economy, low cost of living, and no state income tax have attracted people from other parts of the country and the world.

The work represented in this publication serves as a “snapshot view” of the 2015 United Way of Tarrant County Community Assessment. It is meant to provide data, information and scope to issues in our community and can be used by: • • • • • • •

Non-profit organizations Foundations Health & human service providers City, county, state officials & staff Businesses (small to large) Individuals Students

UNITED WAY’S

BOLD GOALS

50 Things to Know About Life In Tarrant County is available to view or download online at:

www.unitedwaytarrant.org/50things 4

ABOUT US United Way of Tarrant County is committed to improving our community. In 2009, the organization conducted extensive market research and found key community issues that were challenges for residents within the county. These issues were in the areas of education, income and health, which are the building blocks for a good, quality life.

In 2010, we partnered with organizations, city and county governments, churches, community leaders and volunteers to embark on a mission to improve Tarrant County through measurable results.

To create local solutions that would have a lasting impact, 10-year bold goals were set for 3 initiatives: LEARN WELL, EARN WELL and LIVE WELL. Through evidence-based strategies with measurable milestones, we’re working to make a significant impact by the year 2020. Learn more at www.unitedwaytarrant.org

LEARN WELL:

Help 8,000 students at risk of dropping out to graduate on time by the year 2020

EARN WELL:

Assist 24,000 low-income families to get on the path of financial stability by the year 2020

LIVE WELL:

Improve the lives of 17,000 older adults with ongoing health concerns such as Alzheimer’s disease and Diabetes.

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PEOPLE

1. Tarrant County and Texas had tremendous growth in the years 2000-2014:

Texas had more new residents (6 million) than any other state.

Texas had 7 of the 10 counties with the most people moving in from other parts of the country. Tarrant County ranked #10 on this list.

Tarrant County ranked 8th in the nation in total population growth between 2010-2013.

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75% of Texas’ growth between 2010-14 was due to more births than deaths and people moving in from other parts of the U.S. Less than 20% was due to people moving to Texas from foreign countries.

3.

As of 2014, Tarrant County had over 1.9 MILLION residents, the 16th most populous county in the U.S. The county grew by 136,325 people between 2010-2014.

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Following a decade (2000-2010) of tremendous growth, the face of the county continues to change. In 2013, people of color accounted for half (50.9%) of Tarrant County’s population.

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From 2000 and 2015, the Asian population in Tarrant County (95,577 in 2013) outpaced all other ethnic groups with a 73% increase.

6.

Although Tarrant County is relatively young, with half the population being younger than 34 years old, more than 287,000 people in the county are age 60 or older. Between 2010-2014, the number of older adults age 60+ grew three times faster (17%) than the number of young people under the age of 18 (5%).

48.6% 28% 16% 5% 2.4%

Anglo Hispanic African-American Asian Other

People of Color Account for

50%

of Tarrant Co. 7

PEOPLE 7.

A higher level of education dramatically reduces a person’s chances of living in poverty. In 2013, more than one-third (37%) of U.S. adults age 25-34 who did not finish high school had income at or below the poverty level, whereas only one in five (21%) of those with a high school diploma and fewer than one out of 10 (7%) of people with a bachelor’s degree or higher lived in poverty.

8.

Among Tarrant County adults age 25 and over:

29.7%

College degree

48%

High School diploma

15%

Less than

High School

A HIGHER EDUCATION REDUCES CHANCES OF LIVING IN POVERTY. 9.

Poverty disproportionately affects people of different races/ ethnicities as well as children. Although in 2013 half the county population had income above $56,850, about one in seven residents of Tarrant County (nearly 15%) lives with income at or below the Federal Poverty Level (FPL), which in 2015 is $24,250 for a family of four. The percentage of African-Americans in poverty (29%) or Hispanics in poverty (33%) is more than double that of Anglos (12%). Among the county’s children, one in five (20.8%) lives in a poor family.

1 in 7 1 in 5 Tarrant County Children live in a family that is poor.

Tarrant County Residents live at or below the Federal Poverty Level.

29% of African-Americans in Poverty 33% of Hispanics in Poverty 8

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28%

10. In 2012, more than one

in four Tarrant County residents speak a language other than English at home; of these, the Tarrant County Residents majority is fluent in English. speak a language other than

11. During 2014,

English at home.

250,000

United Way of Tarrant County’s 2-1-1 received 250,000 calls for information about needed services from Tarrant County people and residents of the seven surrounding counties. Of these calls, about 39,000 were from people 60 or older and 81% were from women.

phone calls to 2-1-1

12.

In 2014, 89% of calls to 2-1-1 came from across all four geographic quadrants of Tarrant County.

13. Tarrant County is home to over 118,000 veterans. Only

about one in five (fewer than 20%) has a service-connected disability. About 15% (over 17,000) have served since 9/11/2001 when the Twin Towers fell in New York City. About one-third (35%) are Vietnam era veterans. Only 6% are veterans of World War II.

TARRANT COUNTY

IS HOME TO

118,000 VETERANS

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EDUCATION

14. A Texas Education Scorecard issued in 2015 by the Center

for Public Policy Priorities graded Tarrant County school districts a C- on five key indicators: school readiness, transition to high school, high school success, transition to college and college success. The grades for other urban counties in Texas were similar or worse: Travis County (Austin): C, Harris County (Houston): C-, Dallas County: D, and Bexar County (San Antonio): D.

60% of young

Students...

DON’T MEET rd GRADE

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READING STANDARDS

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15. According to the Texas Education Scorecard (2015), sixty percent of young students in Tarrant County districts do not meet 3rd grade reading standards, 12% must repeat the 9th grade, 7% drop out of high school, 51% do not enroll in Texas colleges, and 53% do not graduate from college.

For all these indicators, disparities exist across racial/ethnic groups. For Anglo students, the percentages are lower; for African-American and Hispanic/Latino students, the percentages are higher.

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There are differences among Tarrant County’s 20 school districts on important academic markers. The four-year graduation rate for the class of 2013-2014 ranged from a low of 82% in Fort Worth ISD to a high of 99% in Carroll ISD. The percentage of graduates who met or exceeded college-ready criteria ranged from a low of 42% in Castleberry ISD to a high of 96% in Carroll ISD. 11

EDUCATION

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Pre-Kindergarten education is a predictor of future success in school and in life. Yet, participation in Tarrant County public Pre-K programs in 2013-14 was lower than for Texas with only 24.2% of 3-4 year olds enrolled (compared with 29.7% for Texas) and only 4.2% for Head Start 3-4 years olds (compared to 9.2% for Texas) in 2011-12.

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While Texas has Pre-K guidelines, they are voluntary, with little uniformity in quality across the state. The state legislature initially supported the creation of Pre-K, but defunded it in 2011. In 2015, the funding was approved to address quality improvements for currently eligible children but not to expand access for additional children.

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In 2014, almost one in five (19%) Texas school-age children cared for him/herself after school. A parent survey revealed that more than 37% of school-age kids would participate in a before/after school program if it were offered. In Arlington during school year 2013-14, enrollment increased in after school care held off-campus and in summer care on-campus, compared to 2010-11.

1in5

SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN

care for themselves after school 12

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Dropout and Graduation Rates 20.

For all Tarrant County school districts, the percentage of students in the graduating class of 2014 who dropped out between 9th grade and graduation was 7.3%. This was slightly higher than the statewide percentage of 6.6%.

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Dropout rates vary among Tarrant County’s school districts.

In the 2013-2014 school year, the annual dropout rate in grades 7-8 ranged from a low of 0 in several districts to a high of 0.5% in Fort Worth ISD. Among high school students, the annual dropout rate during the same year ranged from a low of 0.1% in Carroll ISD to a high of 2.9% in Fort Worth ISD.

82.1% OF FWISD 9TH GRADERS GRADUATED ON-TIME

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The school completion rate, which is measured over four years, also varies among districts. In Birdville ISD, 98.8% of ninth graders in the class of 2013 completed their high school education by their anticipated graduation date, compared to Fort Worth ISD, in which only 82.1% of ninth graders in the same cohort graduated on time.

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INCOME AND FINANCIAL STABILITY Literacy 23.

Literacy means the ability to read, write and do basic math. One in seven (14% or 266,000) Tarrant County adults cannot read well enough to read a story to a child, fill out a job application, or understand prescription instructions or an apartment lease.

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Only 5,558 Tarrant County adults were enrolled in adult basic education, GED classes, or English as a Second Language classes in 2014-15. Since 2011-12, the percentage of people enrolled in English as a Second Language and English Literacy and Civics classes increased by 26% while the number served in Adult Basic Education classes and GED classes dropped by 10% and 21%, respectively. The number of Americans who received a GED dropped dramatically in 2014 to only 86,000 (from 559,000 the year before) when changes were made to the test.

266,000

ADULTS CANNOT READ well enough to read books to their kids.

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In a 2014 ranking of America’s 75 most literate cities with population over 250,000, Arlington and Fort Worth ranked in the bottom half at 62 and 53, respectively. Arlington improved its ranking from 70 in 2010 while Fort Worth fell a few rungs from 50.

Cities are rated on factors related to the number of booksellers, percentage of adults with a high school diploma or bachelor’s degree or higher, internet resources, libraries, newspapers and publications.

Income and Asset Poverty 26. Although median household income in Tarrant County

at $56,853 (2009-2013) has been above that for U.S. and Texas, 15% of Tarrant County residents live at or below the poverty level ($24,250 for a family of four in 2015).

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One in four (25.5%) Tarrant County households experienced “asset poverty” in 2015, meaning they did not have sufficient property they could turn into cash to allow them to make ends meet for at least three months should the need arise. Households of color and households led by single women were more likely to experience asset poverty than white households and two-parent households. In Tarrant County, 42% of families have less than $5,963 in savings and are considered to be “liquid asset-poor.”

42% HAVE LESS THAN

$6K IN SAVINGS

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INCOME AND FINANCIAL STABILITY

1,900

Adults and Children

ARE HOMELESS IN TARRANT COUNTY

Housing 28.

In Tarrant County just under two-thirds (62%) of houses were owner-occupied in 2013 and 38% of houses were occupied by renters. Renters are about twice as likely than homeowners to spend one-third or more of their income on housing: rent, utilities, and insurance. In Tarrant County, 49% of renters spend more than a third of their income on housing-related expenses. This means there is less money available for food, clothing, child care, gas, and other necessities.

Hunger and Food Insecurity 29.

Hunger or “food insecurity” is a reality for about one in five (18.5%) residents of Tarrant County. “Food deserts” in pockets of the community limit residents’ access to nutritious food. Zip code 76134 scored lowest in availability of healthy food items and OF TARRANT COUNTY had no grocery stores, RESIDENTS LIVE while zip code 76179 IN HUNGER scored highest.

18.5%

30. In Tarrant County, the 10% increase in the number of

families using the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly Food Stamps, was twice as high as Texas (5%) between 2012 and 2015. Yet about 42,000 fewer Tarrant County children received free or reduced lunch in 2014 compared to 2010-11 and about 13,000 fewer Tarrant County children received Women, Infants, Children (WIC) services in 2014 compared to four years earlier.

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Unemployment 31.

The unemployment rate in Tarrant County (4.1% in July 2015) has shown a dramatic decrease since 2011 when it was 8.6% during the recession. Calls to 2-1-1 about employment opportunities and training dropped by 40% during this period.

Homelessness 32.

The number of people experiencing homelessness in the county decreased by 10% between 2010 and 2015 to about 1,900 adults and children. This is a dramatic improvement from 2002-04 when the homeless population reached over 5,200 people. This is due to major federal policy shifts and local efforts to move people experiencing homelessness from the street and shelters into “housing first.� The number of homeless veterans has declined by 42% over the same period to 136. Unemployment and the inability to make rent or mortgage payments, the top 2 reasons for homelessness, remained the same as the year before.

Transportation 33.

In 2014, 83% of Tarrant County workers drove alone to work, fewer than 10% carpooled, and fewer than 1% used public transportation. The average commute was 26 minutes. Getting around our growing area with no county-wide public transportation system continues to be a challenge, especially for people who are older, have health problems, or lack a reliable vehicle. Research shows that public transportation can save a worker thousands of dollars a year. Between 2011 and 2014, calls to 2-1-1 requesting transportation to medical appointments increased among all callers and among older adults.

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INCOME AND FINANCIAL STABILITY

23,000

TEXAS ADULTS AND CHILDREN received SHELTER from

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

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HEALTH

Crime, Family Violence and Sexual Assault 34.

With the exception of domestic violence and sexual assault, crime in Tarrant County declined by 18% in the years 2010-2014. However, in 2014, there were over 12,875 reported incidents of domestic violence and local police departments filed 1,596 incidents of sexual assault. The same year, there were 1,721 calls to the county Rape Crisis and Victim Services Hotline.

Research shows both domestic or family violence and sexual assault are significantly under-reported. A formal curriculum to raise awareness about how to prevent sexual assault reached over 91,000 Tarrant County school children in 2014. Across Texas, although more than 23,000 adults and children received shelter from domestic violence, 14,801 requests for shelter went unmet.

Child Abuse and Adult Abuse 35.

The community is becoming more aware of vulnerable populations in our community. As a result, reports of possible abuse or neglect of children and adults have increased and become more accurate. Not only did more people report possible cases of abuse or neglect in 2014 compared to 2010, but a higher percentage of the cases investigated by child protection and adult protection authorities resulted in confirmed abuse or neglect. Survivors were able to get needed services. Two-thirds of protective service investigations involving adults resulted in confirmed abuse/neglect (2,862 cases), whereas among investigations involving children, more than one in four cases (28.6%) resulted in identified victims (3,731).

Increasing our

Awareness

OF ABUSE

3,731

2,862 Confirmed Adult Abuse/Neglect Cases

Confirmed Child Abuse/Neglect Cases

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HEALTH Health Care Access 36.

Although in 2015 Texas still had the highest percentage of uninsured people in the nation (24.8%), the percentage of adults and children without health insurance has decreased due to the availability of the Affordable Care Act and more children enrolled in Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Plan (CHIP). In 2014, about two-thirds of county residents under 65 had private insurance, about 25% had public coverage and 18% were uninsured. Among more than 11,000 patients of Fort Worth’s North Texas Community Health Center, a federally qualified health center mandated to serve insured and uninsured alike, the percentage without private insurance had dropped from 68% in 2012 to only 31% in 2014.

The vast majority (94%) of the clinics’ patients in 2014 were Latino.

TEXAS HAS THE HIGHEST

PERCENTAGE OF

UNINSURED RESIDENTS

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Older Adults 37.

Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia, was the sixth leading cause of death in Tarrant County. The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease increases with age – from 3% among people age 65-75 to over 47% among those over 85. As people live longer, the number of people with Alzheimer’s will increase. The majority of care for people with Alzheimer’s disease is provided by unpaid family caregivers, of whom almost twothirds are women.

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Disabilities are more prevalent among older adults than among younger people and the type of disability varies by age.

In Tarrant County, more than one in three people (36%) over age 65 has a disability compared with only one in 20 children (5%) ages 5-17. While young children tend to experience disabilities that affect their ability to learn, older adults tend to experience difficulty with walking, living independently, and hearing. The number of people living in local assisted living facilities increased from 2008 to 2010, at which time 44% of residents were age 86+.

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HEALTH

AIDS/HIV 39.

With advances in medical treatment, the number of HIV and AIDS cases diagnosed in Tarrant County decreased 15% (to 230 cases) and 7% (to 137 cases) respectively from 2008 until 2014. However, slightly fewer than 5,000 county residents were living with HIV in 2014.

The majority of those diagnosed live in the county’s largest city, Fort Worth.

HIV/AIDS cases

DECREASED 15% in Tarrant County

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Asthma 40.

Asthma is a chronic condition that results not only in medical costs but also missed school days for children.

A higher percentage of Tarrant County children and adults suffers from asthma compared to people in Texas and the U.S. In Tarrant County, 10% of children and 8% of adults suffer from asthma. The percentage of children with asthma is higher among boys and among AfricanAmerican children compared to other races/ethnicities, whereas among adults, asthma is more prevalent in women. In a 2008 survey of North Texas parents, 18 percent reported their children had been diagnosed with asthma.

10% OF TARRANT COUNTY

kids deal with Asthma

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HEALTH

Substance Abuse 41.

A Tarrant County study conducted in 2015 found that only one in 10 Americans gets the help he or she needs to address a substance use disorder. Many do not seek help. Admissions to Tarrant County treatment programs for alcohol and drug use declined 11% in 2013 (4,862) compared with 2010 (5,400). Among adults admitted to treatment facilities, opiates were the most common substances misused. Opiates, derived from the poppy plant, include legal substances, including morphine, codeine, and oxycodone, as well as illegal substances, such as heroin.

Among adolescent admissions, marijuana was the primary drug at the time of admission.

Healthy Lifestyles 42.

Nearly two-thirds of Tarrant County adults continue to be overweight or obese. The chances of being overweight/obese are highest among males, people ages 55-64, African-Americans and Hispanics, people with less than a high school education, low-income people and those who have been out of work for more than a year.

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Congestive heart failure continues to top the list of potentially preventable hospitalizations for adults in Tarrant County between 2008-2013. Diabetes ranked fifth.

Although diabetes occurs in a smaller percentage of Tarrant County residents compared to Texas or the U.S., diabetes disproportionately affects older adults and minority groups.

In Tarrant County in 2009-2010, 12% of Tarrant County African-Americans (compared to 8% of Anglos) experienced diabetes.

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Texas ranked among the top 5 states for high school student obesity in 2013 and among the top 10 states with the highest rate of childhood obesity in 2011. Approximately one in six Texas high school students was overweight or obese in 2013. Only slightly more than one-fourth (27%) of high school students were engaged in physical activity for at least an hour a day.

1in6 High School Students is

OVERWEIGHT 25

HEALTH Sexually Transmitted Diseases 45.

Sexually transmitted diseases, specifically chlamydia and gonorrhea, continued to be the leading communicable diseases in Tarrant County in 2012 and in 2007-10. These diseases are caused by bacterial infections during sexual contact and can also be transmitted by a mother to her baby during pregnancy or delivery.

Infant Mortality 46.

The death of an infant during the child’s first year is a traumatic event, not only for the family but for the community. With 7 infant deaths during a child’s first year of life for every 1,000 live births, Tarrant County’s rate of infant mortality in 2013 was higher than for Texas (5.8 per 1,000) and the U.S. (6.7 per 1,000). African-American families in Tarrant County are disproportionately affected

by infant mortality. The rate of infant death among African-Americans was almost three times the rate for Anglos.

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Infant mortality is a complex problem that is not directly caused by

any one factor, such as a lack of prenatal care, age of the mother, or lack of health insurance. The

health of the mother before she gets

pregnant is highly correlated to a

healthy birth weight and delivery.

In almost two-thirds (61%) of cases of infant death in

Tarrant County that were reviewed by the

Fetal/Infant Mortality

Review Team between 2008-10,

the mother

was overweight

or obese.

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HEALTH Leading Causes of Death 48.

The two leading causes of death in Tarrant County in 2010 were heart disease (182 deaths per 100,000 people) and cancer (172 deaths per 100,000 people).

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Among injury-related deaths, motor vehicle accidents and suicide each accounted for 10 deaths per 100,000 people of all ages in Trauma Service Area E (which includes Tarrant County) in 2009. Suicide (13.4 deaths per 100,000 population) was the leading cause of injuryrelated death among people ages 20-64. Among people 65 and older, falls accounted for more than 50 injury-related deaths per 100,000 people.

Leading Causes of Hospitalization 50.

Among people of all ages, falls were the leading cause of injury hospitalization (292 per 100,000) both in Trauma Service Area E (which includes Tarrant County) and in Texas in 2009, far outstripping the #2 cause - motor vehicle crashes (67 per 100,000 people). Falls were almost 10 times as prevalent among older people age 65+ in TSA E (2,267 per 100,000 people) than overall.

Heart Disease

#1CAUSE OF DEATH

in TARRANT COUNTY

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document relied upon myriad reliable sources of national, state and local facts and statistics. A partial list of sources follows.

2-1-1 Texas at United Way Countyhealthrankings.org AARP Fort Worth SPARC Afterschool Alliance Fort Worth After School Alzheimer’s Association Healthyntexas.org American Cancer Society Healthy People 2020 American Community Survey Healthy Tarrant County Collaborative American Public Transit Association Hobby Center for the Study of Texas, Annie E. Casey Foundation Rice University Arlington Police Department Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Assets and Opportunity Scorecard JP Morgan Chase Center for Disease Control & Prevention JPS Health Network (CDC) Kids Count 2015 Center for Public Policy Priorities MHMR/Tarrant County Challenge of Tarrant County National Association for the Education Children’s Safety Network of Young Children Clayton YES! National Council on Aging Community-wide Children’s Health National Multiple Sclerosis Society Assessment and Planning Survey National Summer Learning Association Cook Children’s North Central Texas Council of Governments Corporation for Enterprise Development North Texas Community Health

(CFED) Collaborative

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ments

North Texas Regional P-16 Council Nurse Family Partnership Office of the State Demographer Raise Your Hand Texas Star-Telegram Tarrant County Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey Tarrant County Drug Impact Index Texas A&M University Tarrantcares.org Tarrant County Criminal Justice Plan Tarrant County Homeless Coalition Tarrant Literacy Coalition Tarrant County Public Health Texas Council on Family Violence Texas state agencies Texas Food Bank Network Texas Tribune TexProtects United Way-Arlington United Way Program Partners United Way Worldwide U.S. Census 2010 and subsequent updates U.S. Chamber of Commerce U.S. federal government agencies

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This report is posted online at www.unitedwaytarrant.org To report errors or to provide updated information, please contact: Patricia F. Cheong, Vice President United Way of Tarrant County 1500 N. Main Street, Suite 200 P.O. Box 4448 Fort Worth, TX 76164-0448 pat.cheong@unitedwaytarrant.org 817-258-8052

PEOPLEEquunt alitame nt

MAIN OFFICE 1500 N. Main Street, Suite 200 P.O. Box 4448 Fort Worth, TX 76164-0448 (817)258-8000 ARLINGTON 401 West Sanford Street, Suite 2600 Arlington, TX 76011-7072 (817)548-9595 NORTHEAST TARRANT 221 Bedford Rd., Suite 306 Bedford, TX 76022 (817)282-1160 www.unitedwaytarrant.org Connect & Engage!

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