Engineering Quarterly Fall 2020

Engineering Quarterly VOL.III. . . No.1

FALL 2020

mostly restricted to on-campus activities; assembling school supply packages, writing thank you cards and assembling care packages Welcome to the first is- for first responders and veterans, and other sue of Volume 3 of the projects on campus.

Engineering Quarterly, a newsletter published four times a year by the University of Mary School of Engineering.

In it we try to include articles from each of the five engineering majors that we currently offer on campus: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer Science, and Construction Management.

We report on items and events of interest to engineering students, engineering companies, and now alumni of our engineering pro- The School of Engineering (SOE) has always gram. You will read about our service and out- treated the Day of Service as an opportunity reach activities in the community, the schol- to use the engineering skills of our faculty and arships our students have been awarded, de- students as an advantage. scriptions of the internships our students have In 2019, we constructed 6 planter boxes for worked at over the summer, guest speakers Apple Creek Elementary School. These boxes that have come in and enlightened us, and were meant for each grade level to plant even assignment problems and projects that small gardens/plants and learn about gardenour students have completed as part of their ing, farming, and biology in the process. In course work. We hope that you will enjoy re- 2018, we built a Gaga Ball pit for Apple Creek visiting some of the problems that you had to – a project which was immensely popular with solve back when you were studying for your the students and the envy of other local eleown engineering degree – or at least you will mentary schools. Gaga Ball is a simple game enjoy the fact that you don’t have to solve that is combines elements of dodge-ball and them! four-square, and requires an octagonal encloThe intended audience of the Engineering sure to be played properly. As a result of the Quarterly is engineers, engineering students, popularity at Apple Creek, Manning School engineering alumni, future engineering stu- reached out to the SOE to see if we could dents, and people working in fields closely build one for them. We happily obliged! related to engineering such as science, computing, and mathematics. Enjoy!

Dr. Terry Pilling Dean of Engineering

University of Mary

FREE

W ELCOME !

The plan for Wednesday was to be on-site to begin construction by 10:00am. Shortly before getting ready to leave, we were notified that not all of the Call-Before-You-Dig utilities representatives had visited the School yet.

We were forced to postpone construction, but a couple of the faculty still went to make cuts to the lumber and prepare the site as much as possible. We were notified in the late afternoon that all utilities were marked, and we decided that the construction would be moved to Friday, 10/9/20.

On Friday, construction proceeded with minimal problems. We were blessed with gorgeous weather, ample engineering student volunteers, and even the help of the Manning School students.

E NGINEERING DAY ( S ) OF S ERVICE

By ANTHONY WALDENMAIER

The Day of Service was scheduled for Wednesday, October 7th. However, SOE needed to begin this project the day before due to a scheduled visit from a major donor to the University of Mary on Wednesday morning.

Every fall, the University of Mary holds a Day of Service, where the student body, faculty, and staff venture into the Bismarck/Mandan community and perform acts of service.

Traditionally, these projects range from doing yard work or cleanups at schools, reading stories to elementary school students, art projects, and many other things. Due to COVID-19 concerns this year, projects were

Three of the Faculty went to Menards on Tuesday evening to buy all the supplies needed for the Gaga Ball Pit construction.

Much like the rest of 2020, this story is not without an impact from COVID-19... Unbeknownst to us, there was an apparent lumber shortage at the time of supply purchasing, due in part to COVID-19. There were no 1x6 green-treated boards of 10ft length, there were no green-treated 4x4s, and the supplies in-stock were scarce. However, we were able to come to a solution with in-stock lumber and we were on our way.

Construction of the pit is best done by moving from post to post around the octagon, allowing for minor changes in elevation and ensuring the pit encloses all eight sides. We began with the first post, allowing for a sufficient space for the entire pit, as roughly measured using basic geometry.

After the first hole was dug and the post was pounded into place, the lower board was attached to measure to the next post placement.

The process continues around the octagon until the first and last post are attached and the pit is closed. At this point, an additional hole is dug to allow for a post which will make the frame of a gate for the pit. While students and faculty added the second and third boards to each side, the gate hinges and latch were

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Engineering Quarterly FALL 2020

marked into place, the gate was cut from the to the point where it was just so developed pit, and re-attached by the hinges. and so easy to navigate counties and things that they decided to make the whole health department website run off of two Power BI’s that I built.”

They asked Josh to continue to work with them through the semester and so he is essentially working full time there as well as completing his engineering degree.

“Now I am continuing to make it more efficient. They poll servers from different hospitals for data and it is fed to a central place.

Now I just wake up in the morning and in 15 minutes I grab a couple of documents, throw In the end, the Gaga Ball pit was a tremen- it in, press update, and it does everything and dous success. We hope that current and future publishes to the website. There was a time students of Manning School enjoy the pit for when it took people all day to do the same thing.” many years to come!

They were very impressed with Josh, he has become very good friends with the state Epidemiologist and they are all hoping that he will continue to work there into the future.

Many of our engineering students who are Sophomore level and above have internships each summer and they return with many great stories of the fun and interesting things they did while working at companies and firms.

This year many of the internships were canceled due to the COVID-19 outbreak, however, there were a few students who did complete internships. Here are some of their stories.

Mark Sammons is a Junior Mechanical Engineering student, who worked his second consecutive summer at Finley Engineering, in Bismarck.

Mark worked as the Assistant Resident Engineer for the construction of fiber optic communications in Morton County. He worked directly with the contracting company and the Resident Engineer to oversee his portion of the project. He is continuing to work this school year at Finley Engineering bringing the completed project to as-built status along with working on designs in northeastern Montana. “Mark did a very good job for us. We found him to be conscientious, capable, and ready to learn more all the time.”

Josh Reiner is a Senior Electrical Engineering student, who worked as a Data Analyst for the North Dakota Department of Emergency Services since the end of May. He had applied for several internships with engineering companies and found that they were all being canceled due to the COVID-19 outbreak and so he looked around online for something he might do to keep him busy. He found the opening and decided to apply. A couple of days later they called him and he ended up programming with a group of epidemiologists at the North Dakota National Guard’s Fraine Barracks in Bismarck. His coworkers were Epidemiologists as well as graduate students.

“One of the funniest things I remember is walking in there and they gave me a computer. They had hundreds of Excel sheets open and they were spending their time typing in numbers. I immediately thought that this is an inefficient way to do things. They mentioned that they had Power BI and I could use that if I wanted. So I spent my evenings learning how to code in Power BI and I built a Power BI module which would automatically pump out power points and reports which could be sent to the Governor’s office. It got

Peter Collart is a Senior Mechanical Engineering student who worked for Doosan Bobcat as an engineering prototype intern here in Bismarck. “At Bobcat I spent most of my time in the shop working with the excavator NPD team and test team. I repaired machines, tested improvements and changes before they were released to production, gave feedback to the engineers on quality issues, and assisted with the pilot build of Bobcat’s newest 8-ton mini excavator.” “This internship provided invaluable experience working with engineers, assemblers, and mechanics. I was privileged to assist with a lot of the hands-on work which occurs behind the scenes in production. I learned how to better design for functionality, as well as ease of operation, assembly, and maintenance.” “Both Bobcat and my advisor worked with me to extend my internship through this fall, allowing me to work parttime while still taking classes. Overall, I have immensely enjoyed my job at Bobcat. My coworkers, the work environment, and the work itself are all phenomenal.”

S UMMER I NTERNSHIPS

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Josh Snyder is a Senior Mechanical Engineering student who worked at MDU (Montana-Dakota Utilities) over the summer. “I worked in the Corrosion Control Department at MDU doing Cathodic Protection on steel natural gas lines in the Bismarck-Mandan area.

Throughout the summer I learned many valuable lessons from my supervisor Aaron Helland, the lead corrosion gas engineer at MDU. I spent the summer learning the ins and outs of cathodic protection, helping install six CPU’s (Cathodic Protection Units) in the BismarckMandan area, and fixing many shorts located on gas services.” “My main task as an intern was surveying test points along the steel gas main that runs along most streets in Bismarck and Mandan and then analyzing these reads to determine if there were issues in that area of town. If any issues arose, I would go and locate the gas line with a current mapper to determine if there were any service lines that were directly sucking up current that should not have been doing so.”

“Overall, I would absolutely recommend the internship to any UMary students looking for a great engineering experience that helps them to explore an area that they may not have been thinking of as a future job opportunity. Everyone I have met during my internship MDU was friendly and it really provided a great overall job experience. My supervisor Aaron was easy to talk to and was always there to help and answer my questions thereby making the experience even better.”

Blake Rubio is a Junior Civil Engineering major who worked work with Department of Transportation in Illinois out of District 2 this summer.

He was based out of Dixion in Lee County. “Specifically, I worked with the Bridge inspection unit assisting the PE with various tasks such as inspecting multiple structures such as bridges, and all items related to the construction or integrity of the bridge. Completing forms and reports based on those inspection and compiling them into a system known as BIS (Bridge Inspection System).”

A LUMNI E VENT At the end of November every year we host an alumni event on campus at our Engineering School and we invite all of our graduates from previous years. This year the event was held on November 20th in our Senator Kevin Cramer Senior Design Center. We had food and drinks and we got to show our graduates the new engineering building as well as catch up with what they have been doing since they graduated. We find that our graduates have careers in diverse companies across

VOL.III. . . No.1

the country. Here we give a brief comment on those who were able to make it to our alumni event this year.

Noah Krebs is a Civil Engineering graduate who is now a project engineer in the water resources department of Bartlett & West in Bismarck, ND. He is currently designing a water depot where trucks come and get water to frack. He is designing the pipeline and the pump from the lake.

Engineering Quarterly FALL 2020

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Levi Clagett is a Civil En- he was here at UMary. gineering graduate who is now with Apex Engineering in Bismarck, ND, doing water resources work.

Levi worked for the City of Bismarck throughout his undergraduate studies but was offered a position with Apex upon graduation. We really enjoyed catching up with all of the interesting things he has been working on since graduating.

Caleb Weisgarber is working at Apex Engineering in Bismarck, ND, doing transportation engineering.

Recently, Caleb designed a roundabout for them which is quite ironic since both he and Levi Clagett work for Apex and one of Levi’s favorite undergraduate projects was designing a roundabout.

Instead Levi is doing water resources.

Jackson Penner is a Civil Engineering graduate who works at Mountain Plains out of Watford City, ND. He does power line transmission where, at the moment, he mostly does surveying. He just started this position and really enjoys it so far.

Josef Sollmann is an Electrical Engineering graduJarad Zittleman is a ate who now works for Mechanical Engineering Montana Dakota Utilities graduate who is now an in Bismarck, ND, at the MEP project engineer with NERC Compliance EngiBartlett & West in Bisneer. He makes sure that marck, ND, doing project companies are in complidesign work.

He also works with Noah, has been there since he was ance with all of their software security. Josef a student, and really enjoys working there. was also in the choir and played trumpet when

Aaron Bales is an Electrical Engineering graduate who now works as a Communications Engineer for Montana Dakota Utilities in Bismark, ND. He does C programming for substation controls so they can remotely control everything from the office in Bismarck. He just commissioned his first substation in Montana recently for the Keystone XL Pipeline.

Isaac Saad is a Civil Engineering graduate who now works at KLJ in Bismarck, ND. He did surveying projects with them and now he is working on the Bismarck airport project with them. Isaac was one of the star baseball pitchers with the Marauder’s baseball team while he was completing his degree.

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E LECTRONICS P ROBLEM

By KHALID OWEIS

Answer the following questions with True or False.

1. A p-type semiconductor is created by adding impurity atoms that are pentavalent atoms.

2. A depletion region forms starting at the junction between p and n that is devoid of any majority carriers 3. In a pn-junction, the electron current takes place when a voltage is applied across the semiconductor, the thermally produced free electrons move toward the positive end and form the current.

4. Valence electrons have the lowest energy of all those in the atom.

5. PIV (peak inverse voltage) is the maximum voltage appearing across the diode in forward bias.

6. The barrier potential of Germanium = 0.6 V at 25◦ .

A DVANCED E NGINEERING M ATH P ROBLEM

By TERRY PILLING

“There exists, if I am not mistaken, an entire world which is the totality of mathematical truths, to which we have access only with our mind, just as a world of physical reality exists, the one like the other independent of ourselves, both of divine creation” – Charles Hermite HINTS (you should make sure you understand how each of these hints works, don’t just use the results - understand them):

2

dy dy − 2x + 2αy = 0 dx2 dx where α is an integer. Use the normal power series method (since the coefficients are analytic at x = 0 you do not need Frobenius method) to show that the solutions are the Hermite Polynomials given by: H2n (x) = H2n+1 (x) =

n X (−1)n+k (2n)!

(n − k)!(2k)! k=0 n X

(2x)2k

(−1)n+k (2n + 1)!

(2x)2k+1 (n − k)!(2k + 1)! k=0

20 Ω 5Ω −

1Ω + − 10 V + −

+

+

5V

7Ω ix

vx −

S TRUCTURAL M ECHANICS P ROBLEM

By ERIC GARCIA

• First you will find that the series separates into a series with only odd powers of x and one with only even powers of x.

• The general solution will be a linear combination of the two series above: y = C0 y0 + C1 y1 .

• Now you have to note that when α is an integer, each of the series will truncate. For example, the first vanishing term in the even series will hapDraw the influence line for the force in pen when α = 2k − 2 and so the last non-vanishing term in that series will be member IC of the bridge truss and determine the maximum force (tension or compression) when k = α/2 that can be developed in the member due to a • Similarly, the last non-vanishing term in 5-k truck having the wheel loads shown. Asthe odd series will have k = (α − 1)/2 sume the truck can travel in either direction • Now, traditionally, the Hermite Poly- along the center of the deck, so that half the nomials are defined by fixing the arbi- load shown is transferred to each of the two trary constants C0 and C1 so the coef- side trusses. Also assume the members are ficient of the xα term in the expansion pin connected at the gusset plates. is 2α . For example, in the even series this means that C0 =

Hermite’s Equation is the following second order differential equation:

4

α! α (−1) 2 α2 !

DYNAMICS P ROBLEM

By ERIC GARCIA

• Note that in order to get the above expression for C0 you need to notice that

The acceleration√of a particle is defined by the relation a = −k v, where k is a constant.

Knowing that x = 0 and v = 169 m/s at t = 0 α α α 2 · 4 · 6··· = 22 ! and that v = 49 m/s when x = 16 m, de2 2 termine (a) k, and (b) the time required for • When you have the polynomial series in the particle to come to rest.(Use three decimal terms of α write α = 2n for the even accuracy) and α = 2n + 1 for the odd series to simplify.

• Also note that:

F UNDAMENTALS OF E NGINEERING E XAM

By NANCY KELLY

2n(2n − 2)(2n − 4) · · · (2n − 2k + 2) = 2k n(n − 1) · · · (n − k + 1) 2k n! = (n − k)! make sure you understand this, don’t just use the result. This is not a difficult problem it just takes time and patience as well as developing some skill in manipulating series expressions to simplify things.

C IRCUITS P ROBLEM

By NANCY KELLY In particular, notice how each series actually truncates at a maximum value n and so is not an infinite series but, rather, a polynomial.

Graph the first 8 of them using Gnuplot. Make Consider the circuit shown below. Find vx sure the first 6 look like the graph shown. and ix .

Taking and passing the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam is the first step taken by engineers whose ultimate goal is to earn the Professional Engineer credential. The FE exam is based on topics that are typically covered in a Bachelor’s degree program in Engineering, so it is advantageous to take the exam towards the end of college or shortly after graduation.

The School of Engineering encourages our Civil, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering seniors to take the FE exam, regardless of their immediate postgraduate plans. To assist students with their preparation, we offer ENR 498 FE Exam Prep. This course was taught for the first time in Spring 2020, and will be offered again in Spring 2021.

ENR 498 meets twice a week for two hours at a time. Each meeting corresponds to a topic found on the FE exam, except for

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Mathematics, which is covered over two ses- and we arrive at the following estimate of π: sions. In Spring 2020, School of Engineer

ing faculty taught all classes, during which # in circle π=4 (3) they reviewed fundamental principles associ# in square ated with the various topics. Additionally, time was spent going over relevant problems.

Let’s write a computer program that will Students were provided with ample practice materials, sample exam problems and solu- simulate this. tions. The course lasts about ten weeks, wraprandom-pi.c ping up in mid-March.

Student feedback regarding the first offer# i n c l u d e <s t d i o . h> ing of the course was overwhelmingly posi# i n c l u d e < s t d l i b . h> # i n c l u d e <t i m e . h> tive. Several students commented favorably about the team-taught aspect of ENR 498, i n t main ( i n t a r g c , char ∗∗ a r g v ) one stating that “it allowed all of the profes{ sors to teach to their strengths.” Another student noted that this was not a conventional i f ( a r g c != 2) { f p r i n t f ( s t d e r r , ” Usage : %s n\ n course. Rather, instructors “talked directly ” , ∗ argv ) ; [about] how [the exam] relates to the test f p r i n t f ( s t d e r r , ” where n i s rather than trying to re-teach all the material.” t h e number o f d a r t s . \ n ” ) ; At the end of the FE Prep course, all enreturn 1; rolled students stated that they intended to } take the exam around the time of gradualong i n t i , n = a t o i ( argv [ 1 ] ) , tion or shortly thereafter. For example, rec i r c l e = 0; cent graduate Evan Anderson shared “As I long double x c o o r d = 0 , have joined the consulting world, my comy coord = 0 , Pi ; pany has emphasized the importance of taksrand ( time (0) ) ; ing this exam for career development.” Evan is currently part of the Networks Integration i f ( n < 0) { and Automation team at Burns and McDonf p r i n t f ( s t d e r r , ” n must be nell’s Phoenix, Arizona office. p o s i t i v e \n” ) ; Currently, the majority of our graduates return 1; } have not yet taken the FE exam, but of those who have reported taking it, 6/7 (85.7%) f o r ( i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++) { have passed. All test-takers reported satisx c o o r d = ( long double ) ( rand faction with their University of Mary educa( ) %10000000) / 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ; y c o o r d = ( long double ) ( rand tion. Alumnus Jarad Zittleman, who is now a ( ) %10000000) / 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ; Project Engineer with Bartlett & West in Bisi f ( ( ( x coord ) ∗( x coord ) + ( marck, North Dakota, stated that “I do believe y c o o r d ) ∗ ( y c o o r d ) ) <= 1 the ME program prepared me for the exam.” ) c i r c l e ++;

5

exit fi i f [ ! −e random−p i ] ; t h e n echo ” e x e c u t a b l e f i l e random−p i n o t f o u n d ” exit fi dn=$ ( echo ” s c a l e = 0 ; $1 / 2 0 0 ” | bc − l ) f o r ( ( i =$dn ; i <$1 ; i = $ i +$dn ) ) ; do . / random−p i $ i >> random−p i . dat done echo ” s e t t e r m x11 ” > random−p i . gnuplot echo ” s e t t i t l e \ ” C o n v e r g e n c e t o P i \ ” ” >> random−p i . gnuplot echo ” s e t x l a b e l \ ” Number D a t a P o i n t s \ ” ” >> random−p i . gnuplot echo ” s e t f o r m a t x \ ” %.0 t e%S\ ” ” >> random−p i . g n u p l o t echo ” p l o t \ ” random−p i . d a t \ ” u 1 : 2 t \ ” Aprox \ ” w l , 3 . 1 4 1 5 9 2 7 d t 2 ” >> random− pi . gnuplot g n u p l o t −p random−p i . g n u p l o t

}

U SING A DART BOARD TO ESTIMATE π

By TERRY PILLING

Suppose we are in a pub and we see a dart board on the wall and the only person using is a either completely drunk or a terrible dart player since, although he always hits the wall, he only hits the dartboard at random. We are going to use the dart player as a perfect opportunity to estimate the decimal value of π.

First, we measure the dart board and discover that it has a radius of 0.5 feet (i.e. it is a foot in diameter). Next, we take a piece of chalk and mark out a square so that the circular dart board fits perfectly inside the square.

In other words, the chalk square is exactly one foot on each side with the circular dart board just touching the middle of each side of the square from the inside. We record all of the darts that land in the square and we keep track of how many of those that also hit the dart board. After many darts have been thrown, the fraction that hit the dart board should be the same as the fraction of area covered by the dart board: Area Circle # in circle = (1) # in square Area Square Since the area of the circle is πr2 and the area of the square is (2r)2 we have # in circle πr2 π = = 2 # in square (2r) 4

(2)

Note that the Bash script automatically creates the Gnuplot script and plots it for us.

The figure shows the graph which results for return 0; trials starting at 1 dart and going up in steps of } 100000/200 = 500 all the way to a maximum trial with 100,000 darts thrown.

A question I ask the ENR 304:Computer When we run this program with 100 darts Aided Analysis students is this: “After a cerwe get 3.12 which is too low and with 200 we tain point, you can continue to increase the get 3.16 which is too high. number of darts but the answer doesn’t get It would be nice to know how fast the any closer to π, why is that?” number is converging to the correct value of π. To visualize this, we will write a bash script which runs our shoot program for many CO-OP S , COVID-19, AND ROME different numbers of darts and shows, via a

By TERRY PILLING Gnuplot script that it creates, how the results trends as the number of darts increases.

Here is a program that runs a bunch of trials starting with one dart and uses our C program to get the resulting value for π and then it continues up by a bunch of darts every trial until it reaches the maximum number of darts as specified on the command line. It stores the result of each trial in a data file called shoot.dat P i = ( l o n g d o u b l e ) 4∗ c i r c l e / n ; p r i n t f ( ”%l d \ t %0.6 Lf \ n ” , n , P i ) ;

random-pi.sh # ! / bin / bash i f [ −e random−p i . d a t ] ; t h e n rm −f random−p i . d a t ; f i i f [ $# −ne 1 ] ; t h e n echo ” Usage : $0 < t r i a l s >”

One of the many opportunities available to students at the University of Mary is the ability to go to our Rome campus for a semester and take courses on history, philosophy, and theology while at the same time touring that ancient city and surrounding cities and learning about other cultures. We would love for

VOL.III. . . No.1

our engineering students to be able take advantage of this opportunity but there is a problem. Our engineering curriculum is so full and so sequenced that if a student were to take, for example, their fall semester in Rome they would have to wait until the following fall semester in order to get back in to the sequence. The result is an additional year required to get their degree.

We have formulated a solution to this. We have been partnering with companies who offer 8 month long co-ops during each semester and including the summer. So the student can work for the summer and the fall semester, or they can work for the spring semester followed by the summer. This is a very good opportunity for the students and gives them an experience that is beyond that of a normal summer internship. This also gives them the opportunity to take a semester in Rome! If they go to Rome during one semester, and do a co-op during the other, they will return to classes exactly in sequence again.

Engineering Quarterly FALL 2020 ing which details his life, his martyrdom, and his beatification. When the construction of our building was completed, the President of the University of Mary, Monsignor James Shea, shared with us how “ever since we began building our School of Engineering, I have been quietly praying to him to help us bring all of this to pass. Especially when the fundraising looked like it would be impossible, I turned to him for intercession and assistance.” Father Rother has often been called an “ordinary martyr,” having an “ordinary life,” and for good reason. While priest and preacher, Father Rother was at home in his ministry also while working with his hands, handling equipment and improving machinery and building facilities, roads, and irrigation systems for the poor community he served. He was a holy priest, and he was also a holy craftsman, a holy mechanic, and something of a holy engineer.

We have chosen Blessed Stanley Rother as the Patron and Exemplar for Mary’s School Unfortunately, our Rome program this year of Engineering. The plaque on the wall gives has been temporarily suspended due the to the following outline of his life: COVID-19 resurgence which is happening around the world this fall as the weather is Stanley Francis Rother was born changing. We were forced to close the Rome in 1935 in Okarche, Oklahoma, campus early last spring, when the pandemic a small agricultural community first began, and bring those students home outside Oklahoma City. The first before the borders between countries were of five children, Stanley’s family closed. This year there is a risk that the same was just one of many whose days thing will happen and so it was decided that were spent in a rhythm of faith, we should just suspend the Rome program unfamily, and farming. Stanley and til the pandemic has run its course. his siblings would rise early to Soon things will be back to normal, the milk cows, returning home from Rome campus will be open, and our engischool to join their father in the neering students can start to plan for a Rome alfalfa fields, and finishing the semester combined with an engineering co-op day with a Rosary after dinner. to add to their resumé and give their degree Those early days provided the at the University of Mary a marvelous set of scaffolding for Stanley’s call to experiences that would be difficult to find anythe priesthood. To his family’s where else. surprise, Stanley left home at eighteen for the seminary. There he struggled with Latin, finding B LESSED S TANLEY ROTHER his place, instead, in the semiBy TERRY PILLING nary bindery, building a shrine to the Blessed Mother, in a confusion of tools and equipment. If it was broken, Stanley fixed it. If it needed doing, he did it.

The journey required his perseverance, as Stanley was nevertheless asked to leave seminary due to his academic struggles. He insisted on his call all the same, and he was admitted to another seminary to complete his formation.

There is a picture of Stanley Francis Rother in the foyer of our new Engineering Build-

In 1963, Stanley was ordained to the priesthood.

6 Five years into his ministry, Father Rother felt a call to the diocesan mission in Santiago Atitlán, Guatemala, in service to an impoverished farming community.

There, Father Rother became fluent in Spanish and the difficulty Tz’utujil language, even translating the Bible into Tz’utujil. His people loved him, naming him “Padre A’Plas,” “Father Francis.”

In Guatemala, Father Rother returned to his boyhood rhythm of faith, family, and farming. While he was their priest, Padre A’Plas also plowed and planted and built alongside them. Bruises under his fingernails and efficiency on his mind, those days spent working on the lawn of the seminary and on the family tractor were put to use, as Father Rother tinkered with his parishioners’ farming equipment, stretched irrigation systems and an infrastructure across their land, and built them a radio station. He refused to spare himself in their service.

In the late 1970’s, Guatemalan political unrest buckled this life of steady toil, with civil war plaguing the country and clergy finding themselves on death lists.

By 1980, Father Rother was called back to Oklahoma for his own safety. He stayed briefly on the family farm, but his brother would find him in the mornings gazing out the screen door towards the horizon and a land, church, tribe, and language which had become his own over thirteen years. Father Rother begged his bishop, “A shepherd cannot run at the first sign of danger.” At the risk of his life, in April of 1981, he rejoined his people without a backward glance.

And in the early morning hours of July 28, 1981, three men entered Father Rother’s rectory and shot and killed him. As the news of his death spread, the people of Santiago Atitlán gathered by the hundreds in the square that faced the church, praying all day long. they soaked up his blood from the floorboards of his home and kept it with his heart in their parish church. His body was buried in Oklahoma, at the end of a Funeral Mass attended by thousands.

Pope Francis recognized Father Rother as a martyr in 2016, and he was beatified in 2017. He became the first US-born martyr and the first US-born priest to be declared “Blessed.”

A life of grit and faith, love and endurance, Father Rother founded his courage in a gift of self, a gift reckless in its hope:

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VOL.III. . . No.1

“My life is for my people. I am not scared.”

so when x = 16 and v = 49 m/s: Z 49 Z 16 √ vdv = −kdx 169

An Ordinary Martyr: The Life and Death of Blessed Stanley Rother: https://youtu.be/hsOvNtoZVzc

0

2 3/2 [49 − 1693/2 ] = −k[16 − 0] 3 2 [343 − 2197] = −k[16] 3

7 had no root, they withered away.

Others fell among the thorns, and the thorns came up and choked them out. And others fell on the good soil and yielded a crop, some a hundredfold, some sixty, and some thirty. He who has ears, let him hear.”

and therefore: S OLUTIONS TO P ROBLEMS

• Electronics problem:

p k = 77.25 m/s2 (b)

√ dv = a = −77.25 v dt FTTFFF so when t = 0 and v = 169 m/s: Z 0 Z t dv • Engineering Math Problem: √ = −77.25 dt v 169 0 √ √ The solution to this problem was given in 2[ 0 − 169] = −77.25t the statement of the problem above. In class the students would have to provide the full and therefore: mathematical derivation including a descript = 0.337s tion of each step in words so the reader can easily follow the logic.

• Circuits Problem:

F ERTILE S OIL

By TERRY PILLING

vx = −120V and ix = 20 A. • Structural Mechanics Problem:

3(1) + 2(0.867) 2 = 2.37k(T )

(FBC )max =

• Dynamics Problem: (a)

therefore:

√ dv v = a = −k v dx √ vdv = −kdx

There is a parable in the bible spoken by Jesus which can be found in three different places: Matthew 13:1-9, Mark 4:1-9, and Luke 8:4-8.

It is referred to as The Parable of the Sower and I think that it is apt analogy for our philosophy as an Engineering School. Here is the parable as given in the book of Matthew: And He spoke many things to them in parables, saying, “Behold, the sower went out to sow; and as he sowed, some seeds fell beside the road, and the birds came and ate them up. Others fell on the rocky places, where they did not have much soil; and immediately they sprang up, because they had no depth of soil.

But when the sun had risen, they were scorched; and because they

The students are the seeds and the soil is us – the professors, the facilities, the university, and the surrounding community. You will notice that the parable says nothing about the “quality of the seeds”, the seeds are all the same. They all begin with the same potential to grow and flourish. The determining factor in the parable is the quality of the soil.

Here at the University of Mary Engineering School our opinion is that students all have equal potential when they arrive on campus and that it is we professors who must provide the rich and fertile experience which allows them to grow. We strive to shape our teaching methods in order to fit the individual student.

This is something that is possible to do in a school of our size which would be nearly impossible in a larger school. Additionally, our students are not merely passive seeds waiting for things to happen to them, instead, they are active participants in their own cultivation and they contribute to their own flourishing.

The result is that our graduates emerge from our program intellectually strong, socially healthy, and confident leaders who are culturally prepared to enter the workplace and the broader community. It is exciting to see this growth in our students over the course of their years with us – it is why we chose teaching careers.

Contact Information For more information about our engineering program at the University of Mary email: Engineering@umary.edu Next issue: February, 2021

VOL.III. . . No.1

Engineering Quarterly FALL 2020

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