Commercialisation of Physical Activity and Sport Questions

Q1.

Which one of the following is not an acceptable sponsor for a school sports team?

A

A coach company

B

A brewery

C

A sports shop

D

A health club (Total 1 mark)

Q2.

All of the following would be part of the press media except: A

CD Roms

B

Newspapers

C

Magazines

D

Books (Total 1 mark)

Q3.

What is sponsorship?

(Total 1 mark)

Q4.

Explain how two types of sponsorship may improve an individual’s performance.

(Total 2 marks)

Q5.

Identify two benefits a sponsor would expect to receive as a result of sponsoring an athlete.

(Total 2 marks)

Q6.

A football club has only just been formed and needs to attract sponsorship.

State two types of sponsorship that would be useful to the football club.

(Total 2 marks)

Q7.

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(a)

Define commercialisation.

(1)

(b)

Evaluate the role of the media in the relationship between sport, sponsorship and the media.

(2) (Total 3 marks)

Q8.

Many companies sponsor elite performers.

Describe the advantages that a local company might gain from sponsoring an elite athlete.

(Total 3 marks)

Q9.

State three types of sponsorship an individual may receive.

(Total 3 marks)

Q10.

Sponsorship is very common in sport.

Paying for transport costs is one example in which sponsorship can help a sports performer. Give three other different examples.

(Total 3 marks)

Q11.

Developments in technology have provided benefits to many performers.

State a technological development. Explain, using a specific example, how it is used and the benefit it has had on a named physical activity.

(Total 4 marks)

Q12. (a)

Define the terms contract to compete and sportsmanship.

(2)

(b)

Describe two examples of how the contract to compete is followed in sporting activities of your choice.

(2) (Total 4 marks)

Q13.

A netball club is seeking sponsorship to help its finances.

State two different types of sponsorship and explain how each could help to improve the players’ performance.

(Total 4 marks)

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Q14.

The media can have a major influence on its audience.

Identify one type of media and explain two positive effects that it may have on an individual’s performance.

(Total 5 marks)

Q15.

The media has a large influence over sport.

Identify one type of media and describe two ways in which it can have a positive effect on sport.

(Total 5 marks)

Q16.

Sponsorship has many advantages. State and explain an advantage for each of the following, giving a specific example in each case.

The performer The sponsor (Total 6 marks)

Q17.

Using examples, explain how advances in technology could help a sportsperson to improve her performance in football, swimming or cross country.

(Total 8 marks)

Q18.

Using examples, explain how technological developments could help a gymnast to improve their performance in gymnastics.

(Answer in continuous prose) (Total 8 marks)

Q19.

Explain how the media may influence an individual’s participation in sport.

(Total 8 marks)

Q20.

The various forms of the media have an enormous effect on the amount of participation and interest in sport. (i)

Describe a positive effect which the media can have. Give an example in your answer.

(4)

(ii)

Describe a negative effect which the media can have. Give an example in your answer.

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(4) (Total 8 marks)

Q21.

Hawkeye is an example of technology used in tennis.

Evaluate the use of technology in sport in relation to its effect on spectators and on performers.

(Total 9 marks)

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Mark schemes Q1.

A brewery [1]

Q2.

CD Roms [1]

Q3.

Providing / paying for clothing / facilities / equipment on someone's behalf, such as an event, or equipment.

[1]

Q4.

[AO2 = 2] Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of two marks.

• • •

Clothing / footwear, for example higher quality running shoes enables performer to run greater distances / comfort / grip (1) Equipment, for example higher quality balls enables advanced skills to be developed / easier to catch / grip (1) Facilities, for example could be provided free of charge can train more effectively / often (1)

Accept any other suitable description of how a type of sponsorship may improve an individual’s performance. Answers must directly relate sponsorship to improvement in performance.

[2]

Q5.

[AO2 = 2] Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of two marks.

• • • • • •

Increased revenue or increased sales (1) Increased profile by association with successful performer (1) Advertising of the company (1) Cheaper than TV advertising (1) Tax benefits (1) A good relationship developed with the local community (1) [2]

Q6.

[AO1 = 2] Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of two marks •

Specialised training equipment such as footballs, bibs, cones (1) Page 5 of 19

•

Clothing such as team kit or tracksuits or footwear (1)

•

Training facilities could be provided to improve performance, e.g. Astroturf (1)

•

Specialist coaches to run training sessions (1)

•

Money which the club could use to buy what it needs (1)

•

Specialist support e.g. physiotherapist to help player recover from injury (1)

•

Specialist support e.g. nutritionist to help monitor diet (1)

•

Transport to get teams or individuals to matches (1) [2]

Q7.

[AO1 = 1] (a)

Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of one mark.

•

To manage or exploit (an organisation / activity) in a way designed to make a profit / introducing new products to the market to make a profit (1) Sponsorship and the media (1)

•

Accept any other suitable definition of commercialisation.

Max 1 mark

[AO3 = 2] (b)

Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of two marks.

•

The media attracts businesses / sponsors who want to promote their merchandise (1) Because the sport / spectators are interested in the media to watch the sport (1) Media can rely on subscription payments from the spectators (1) Sport spectators may buy merchandise via media / advertising (1)

• • •

Accept any other suitable evaluative point around the importance of the media in the relationship between sport, sponsorship and the media.

Max 2 marks

[3]

Q8.

[AO1 = 3] Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of three marks •

Increased revenue or increased sales (1)

•

Increased profile by association with successful performer (1)

•

Advertising of the company (1)

•

Cheaper than TV advertising (1)

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•

Tax benefits (1)

•

Develop a good relationship with the local community (1)

Accept any other suitable response.

[3]

Q9.

[AO1 = 3] Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of three marks.

• • •

Clothing / footwear (1) Equipment (1) Facilities (1)

Accept any other suitable type of sponsorship an individual may receive.

[3]

Q10. (i)

Award one mark for each correctly identified way in which sponsorship can help a sports performer.

•

Through direct cash payments

•

Paying for entry fees

•

Providing equipment, apparatus

•

Providing clothing, footwear

•

Paying accommodation costs

•

Providing coaching

•

Providing training facilities.

Accept the above plus any other suitable examples.

3

(ii)

Award up to two marks for describing a form of sponsorship which would be unacceptable. Award one mark for the unacceptable plus one additional mark for stating why: •

Tobacco firms/because it would be encouraging people to smoke and this is clearly an identified health risk

•

Alcohol firms/because it could be seen to be encouraging under age drinking and also alcohol abuse which is clearly dangerous.

Accept the above plus any other suitable examples.

2

[5]

Q11.

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Award up to four marks for a correct response. A development has to be stated for one mark, the effect it has must be described for one mark and an actual example must be given for one mark, and one mark for identifying that it enables correct decisions to be made or for incorrect ones to be overruled.

Examples include: •

the use of instant video replays / it allows a third official to review a play and make a decision / used for tries in rugby / run outs in cricket etc. / enables correct decisions to be made

•

infra red beams which can detect objects crossing them / allows officials to tell if balls are in or out/ or when athletes have crossed a line (for timings) / cyclops in tennis or electronic timing in athletics etc.

•

tracing devices which can track the flight or direction of a ball / shows where a ball would land or hit an object / hawkeye in both tennis and cricket Accept the above plus any other suitable examples.

[4]

Q12.

[AO1 = 2] (a)

Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of two marks.

• •

Contract to compete – unwritten agreement to follow and abide by the written and unwritten rules (1) Sportsmanship – Conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport / fair play / appropriate / polite (1)

Accept any other suitable definition of contract to compete and / or sportsmanship.

Max 2 marks

[AO2 = 2] (b)

Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of two marks.

• • • •

Shaking hands before a football match (1) Rugby players respecting the referee’s decision (1) Tennis players showing sportsmanship by not serving before their opponent is ready (1) In a long jump qualifying round, the performer tries their best with the final jump, even when they have already qualified for the final (1)

Accept any other suitable explanation of how the contract to compete is followed.

Answers must be linked to sporting activities.

Max 2 marks

[4]

Q13.

[AO1 = 2

AO2 = 2]

Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of four marks •

(AO1) Equipment e.g. balls (1) Page 8 of 19

•

(AO2) Higher quality enables advanced skills to be developed (1)

• •

(AO1) Clothing e.g. team kit (1) (AO2) Which boosts confidence or morale so that they work better as a team (1)

• •

(AO1) Footwear (1) (AO2) Improves grip to stop them from slipping (1)

• •

(AO1) Transport and travel (1) (AO2) Enter more competitions a greater distance away to play a greater variety of teams (1)

• •

(AO1) Money (1) (AO1) To employ a coach to develop advanced skills (1)

• •

(AO1) Facilities (1) (AO2) Train more often to develop fitness (1)

• •

(AO1) Entry fees or league fees (1) (AO1) Enter more competitions and play at a higher level (1)

Accept any other suitable response.

[4]

Q14.

[AO1 = 1

AO2 = 4]

Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of five marks.

AO1 • • • • • • •

Television (1) Radio (1) Newspapers (1) Magazines (1) Books (1) Internet (1) Social media (1)

AO2 • •

It demonstrates good performance or gives exemplars for an athlete to copy (1) To improve the standard of the individual’s skills (1)

• •

It can educate a performer by analysing individual or team tactics (1) Which can enable a performer to have a greater understanding of the physical activity (1)

• •

Slow motion replays highlight good or bad technique (1) Which a performer could then use in his or her own performance (1)

• •

It reports on exceptional performance (1) Which can raise the confidence or motivation of a performer (1)

Accept any other suitable response.

Page 9 of 19

[5]

Q15.

[AO1 = 3

AO2 = 2]

Award one mark for each of the following points up to a maximum of five marks Type of media (Sub-max one mark) •

Television (1)

•

Radio (1)

•

The press (1)

•

Internet (1)

•

Social media (1)

Positive effects • •

(AO1) They demonstrate good performance or give exemplars for athletes to copy (1) (AO2) To improve the standards within the sport (1)

• •

(AO1) They help officials make decisions (1) (AO2) Which improves the reputation of the sport (1)

• •

(AO1) They can promote the health benefits (1) (AO2) Which can increase participation or popularity of activities (1)

• •

(AO1) Through payment for broadcasting rights or indirectly through sponsorship (1) (AO2) Increases revenue coming into the sport (1)

• •

(AO1) They increase the accessibility of a sport (1) (AO2) Which increases its popularity or publicity (1)

Accept any other suitable response.

[5]

Q16.

Award up to two marks for stating and explaining each advantage and a further one mark for giving a specific example. (2 × 3 marks).

•

Performers can concentrate on sport/training full time or without financial worries e.g. any professional sportsperson.

•

Performers can receive clothing/free of charge or at a cheap rate e.g.Jonny Wilkinson and David Beckham have a boots and clothing deal with Adidas.

•

Performers can receive equipment/free of charge or at a cheap rate/ e.g. Tim Henman receives rackets from Slazenger.

•

The sponsor can get extra advertising/ free or cheaper than TV/ e.g. shirt sponsors for sports or hoardings in stadia.

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•

The sponsor can get increased revenue/ from higher sales of goods/ Nike from its association with Tiger Woods, Andre Agassi.

Accept the above and any other suitable responses.

[6]

Q17.

Award up to 8 marks using the criteria outlined in the grid below Examples of content could include: •

swimming costume material has been designed to allow swimmers to be more buoyant and streamlined in the water leading to faster times.

•

football boots have been designed to be lightweight and protective but still give strength and flexibility.

•

heart rate monitors used to make sure training is at the right level and that athletes are not working too hard.

•

electronic timing in swimming to give accurate times.

•

computer software (Dartfish or Kandle) that can be used to analyse performance to identify weaknesses that can then be worked on.

•

digital cameras and videos to review performance.

Accept any other suitable response.

Please use the following grid to award a mark for both the content and the Quality of Written Communication (QWC) based on the following information.

QWC is part of the award of marks in levels marked questions only. In levels marked answers the quality of physical education is assessed and a level mark awarded based on the content. As is sometimes the case, the physical education may be sound at a particular level but the examiner may not be sure as to whether there is quite enough to raise the mark within that level. In this case the examiner should consider the QWC of the answer. QWC that fulfils the criteria for the level should lead to a rise in the mark but where QWC does not fulfil the criteria, the answer should remain at the mark first thought appropriate.

In cases where QWC has been used in the award of marks, the examiner should indicate this in a comment box say ‘QWC raised mark to show an upward trend’. QWC cannot be used to raise a candidate’s mark into the next level.

Level 3

Level 2

6 – 8 marks At least three examples explained, at least two fully, to show how they can be used to improve performance.

NB If only two examples are given and fully explained (maximum 6 marks).Candidates spell, punctuate and use rules of grammar accurately and use a wide range of specialist terms precisely.

3 – 5 marks At least two examples with some explanation given to show how they can improve performance.

NB If only one example is given and fully explained (maximum 3 Page 11 of 19

Level 1

0 marks

marks).Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with reasonable accuracy and use a range of specialist terms appropriately.

1 – 2 marks At least one example with limited explanation given to show how it can improve performance.

NB A list of examples with no explanation (maximum 1 mark).

Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with some accuracy. Limited use of specialist terms.

No creditworthy material.

[8]

Q18.

Marking instructions Read the whole response and use the following grid to select the level that best describes the student’s work. If you feel that there is not quite enough content to raise the mark awarded within the level, you should consider a mark for QWC. Level 3

6-8 marks

Detailed and accurate

Demonstrates, using examples, detailed knowledge and a thorough understanding of how technological developments could help a gymnast to improve their performance in gymnastics.

Answers should include three explanations, two of which must be detailed.

NB Two detailed explanations (maximum 6 marks).

Students spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar accurately and use a wide range of specialist terms precisely.

Level 2

3-5 marks

Sound and generally accurate

Demonstrates, using examples, sound knowledge and understanding of how technological developments could help a gymnast to improve their performance in gymnastics.

Answers should include two sound explanations.

NB One detailed explanation (maximum 3 marks).

Students spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with reasonable accuracy and use a range of specialist terms appropriately.

Level 1

1-2 marks

Basic

Demonstrates, using examples, sound knowledge and understanding of how technological developments could help a gymnast to improve their performance in gymnastics.

NB A list of technological developments with no explanation (maximum 1 mark).

Students spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with some accuracy

Page 12 of 19

and use a limited number of specialist terms.

0 marks

No creditworthy material.

Assessment of Quality of Written Communication (QWC) QWC is part of the award of marks in level marked answers only.

In level marked answers, the quality of the response is assessed and a mark awarded based on the content. As is sometimes the case, the content may be sound at a particular level but the examiner may not feel that there is quite enough content to raise the mark within that level. In this case the examiner should consider the QWC of the answer.

QWC that fulfils the criteria for the level mark awarded should lead to a one mark increase, but where QWC does not fulfil the criteria, the answer should remain at the mark first thought appropriate. QWC cannot be used to raise a student’s mark into the next level.

In cases where QWC has been used in the award of marks, the examiner should indicate this in a comment box to say ‘QWC raised one mark’.

Indicative Content Facilities • Sprung floors allow the gymnast's routines to become more difficult due to the extra height that can be gained.

• Facilities for training have developed to include improved foam landing areas enabling the gymnast to practise more difficult moves.

Equipment • Improved quality of equipment (e.g. springboards) allows the gymnast's performance to increase due to more difficult moves to be performed.

• Development of a vaulting platform with a greater surface area allows more complex moves to be performed.

ICT / Video Analysis • Digital cameras and videos to obtain feedback from a performance so this can be monitored and reviewed so performance can be modified.

• By cataloguing performance overtime on a computer the gymnast can be shown how their performances have improved.

• By videoing performance this can be sent to the gymnast so they can visualise and mentally rehearse routines to facilitate performance.

• Computer software (Dartfish or Kandle) that can be used to analyse the gymnast's performance to identify weaknesses that can then be worked on.

• Sound recording played to simulate crowd when the gymnast is training, to replicate atmosphere or add to stress levels.

• Fitness monitoring equipment can monitor the gymnast's pulse rates, energy expenditure resulting in improved performance through detailed monitoring of training and competition.

• Use of the internet to display the gymnast's recorded performances which can be commented on by others which could lead to improvements.

• Advanced communication technology has improved knowledge of coaching and training methods, which could raise the gymnast's performance levels.

Clothing • The introduction of new materials has allowed tight fitting clothing to be developed. This allows a greater range of movement and therefore the

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opportunity for the gymnast to gain higher marks.

[8]

Q19.

Award up to eight marks using the criteria outlined in the grid below.

Examples of content could include •

Increased coverage on all forms of media encourages interest

•

Media informs of opportunities and possibilities

•

Media educates about the need for healthy lifestyle / and shows the consequences of a sedentary lifestyle

•

Informs how and where to participate

•

Media can entertain and therefore attract participation

•

Media can promote role models who you can then aspire to be like and achieve what they have.

Please use the following grid to award a mark for both the content and the Quality of Written Communication (QWC) based on the following information.

QWC is part of the award of marks in levels marked questions only. In levels marked answers the quality of physical education is assessed and a level mark awarded based on the content. As is sometimes the case, the physical education may be sound at a particular level but the examiner may not be sure as to whether there is quite enough to raise the mark within that level. In this case the examiner should consider the QWC of the answer. QWC that fulfils the criteria for the level should lead to a rise in the mark but where QWC does not fulfil the criteria, the answer should remain at the mark first thought appropriate.

In cases where QWC has been used in the award of marks, the examiner should indicate this in a comment box say ‘QWC raised mark to show an upward trend’.

QWC cannot be used to raise a candidate’s mark into the next level.

Level 3

6 – 8 marks At least three examples explained, at least two fully, to show how the media may have influenced participation.

NB If two examples are given and fully explained (maximum 6 marks).

Candidates spell, punctuate and use rules of grammar accurately and use a wide range of specialist terms precisely.

Level 2

3 – 5 marks At least two examples with some explanation given to show how the media may have influenced participation.

NB If only one example is given and fully explained (maximum 3 marks).

Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with reasonable accuracy and use a range of specialist terms appropriately.

Level 1

1 – 2 marks At least one example with limited explanation given to show how the media may have influenced participation.

NB A list of examples with no explanation (maximum 1 mark).

Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with some Page 14 of 19

accuracy.

Limited use of specialist terms.

0 marks

No creditworthy material.

[8]

Q20. (i)

Award up to four marks. Award up to two marks for describing the positive effect and up to two marks for the actual example given.

Examples: •

The media can give a better understanding of performance / which enables people to either enjoy watching the activity more or even to improve their actual performance. / This can be achieved by slow motion replays of an activity (such as gymnastics) / which allows all of the movement to be shown in detail and appreciated fully

•

The media will apportion a large amount of coverage to certain events. / This will raise their profile and make people more aware of them. / An example of this is the coverage of gymnastics within the Olympic Games / which triggers off an increase in participation and membership in gymnastics clubs throughout the world.

Accept the above plus any other suitable examples.

4

(ii)

Award up to four marks. Award up to two marks for describing the negative effect and up to two marks for the actual example given.

Examples: •

The media may have excess coverage of certain activities. / This can discourage people from going along to see the event. / As there is much coverage of Premiership soccer on the television viewers will watch these matches / instead of watching lower level games and the revenue these lesser clubs receive is therefore reduced significantly

•

The media can interfere with the timings of events. / This is done to cater for the largest viewing audiences they can have. / An example is cricket / where there are not only day/night matches but also games arranged out of normal playing seasons to make sure there are sufficient matches.

Accept the above plus any other suitable examples.

4

[8]

Q21.

[AO1 = 2

AO2 = 2

AO3 = 5]

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Level

Marks

3

7-9

2

4-6

1

1-3

0

Description Knowledge of technology is accurate and generally well detailed. Application to sport is mostly appropriate, clear and effective. Evaluation is thorough, reaching valid and wellreasoned conclusions for technology's effect on both spectators and performers. The answer is generally clear, coherent and focused, with appropriate use of terminology throughout.

Knowledge of technology is evident but is more detailed for some uses more than others. There is some appropriate and effective application to sport, although not always presented with clarity. Any evaluation is clear but reaches valid and well-reasoned conclusions for one group (spectators or performers) more than the other. The answer lacks coherence in places, although terminology is used appropriately on occasions.

Knowledge of technology is limited. Application to sport is either absent or inappropriate. Evaluation is poorly focused or absent with few or no reasoned conclusions. The answer as a whole lacks clarity and has inaccuracies. Terminology is either absent or inappropriately used.

No relevant content.

Possible content may include: AO1 – Knowledge of technology, e.g.

• Technology can be used to make decisions • Technology can be used to enhance performance • Technology can be used for analysis • Technology can be used for rehabilitation • Technology can be used for safety reasons • (Accept any other use of technology) AO2 – Application of technology to sport, e.g.

• Officials will use decision making technology to prevent wrong decisions, e.g.

Hawkeye in tennis • Performance can allow for enhanced performance through heart rate monitors, monitoring diet / calorie counter • Analysis of performance can allow photos / videos / biomechanics • Rehabilitation through ice baths, hypoxic tents • Safety implications relating to cycle helmets, goal keeper protection in hockey AO3 – Evaluation of the effect of technology on spectators and on performers, e.g.

Spectators • Creates excitement for the audience whilst they wait on decisions so it is a positive • Audience can join in / interactive element by cheering / clapping / creates atmosphere • Can frustrate spectators who do not like waiting or feel the entertainment has been interrupted • Prevents unruly behaviour / hooliganism as the decision has been made by technology / less controversial • Makes the event last longer / more value for money • Less likely to criticise officials • Performers recover quicker so spectators get to see their favourites more often • Spectators can get involved in the analysis of their favourite performers, e.g. statistics / performance analysis Page 16 of 19

•

Technology enhanced performers can perform to a higher standard which audiences will enjoy

Performers • Greater care and support through the use of technology / prolonged career • Quicker recovery rate means less time on the treatment table / more time performing • Better understanding about their performance • Over reliance on technology to understand performance / recovery is a negative • Less frustrated with the official as the decision has been reviewed / proved / fairer outcome for the performers • Reliance on technology to keep up with other competitors can cost money • Easier to analyse competitors Credit other suitable responses relevant to the question.

Max 9 marks

[9]

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Examiner reports Q3.

Well answered.

The majority of candidates realised that money was provided. More able candidates identified that sponsorship could be provided in forms other than ‘cash’. Some candidates referred to the link to advertising in return.

Q5.

Some students did not fully understand the question, as they gave benefits to the athelete, rather than the sponsor. However, a high percentage of students did gain full marks by clearly identifying that sponsoring an athlete could increase publicity and sales.

Q10.

Part (i) was also answered generally well by most candidates and quite a good variety of responses were given. Despite being told not to in the lead in to the question some candidates still considered transport and the provision of cars in their responses. Part (ii) was also answered well with alcohol and tobacco being the most common forms identified but there were also references made to fast food providers which were also credited.

Q11.

There were some excellent answers to this part of the question but some candidates did not seem aware of what a technological development was, but just described a piece of equipment or footwear which was used.

Q13.

Although this question was answered by most students, the clarity of the responses was poor and very few achieved maximum marks. Students had difficulty stating a type of sponsorship and many gave examples of businesses that would offer sponsorship and the benefits of advertising to the sponsor. Where students stated that the sponsor gave ‘money’, it was then followed up by stating that the club could then buy equipment / hire facilities, but did not go on to explain how this helps improve performance. Students commonly failed to access further marks on equipment and facilities, as they did not suggest that these being ‘better’ would enable ‘more training’, but focussed on it being simply ‘new’. There were a number of students who referred to grants from NGB’s and fund raising, which are not forms of sponsorship.

Q14.

The vast majority of students were able to state a type of media. The most common identified was ‘television’ and other popular responses were ‘internet’ and ‘social media’.

However, students often failed to answer the question beyond this, and therefore were not able to access further marks.

Where television was identified, many students simply gave the example that a role model could be seen, without any reference to the qualities of their performance and what influence this has. Social media responses tended to explain how it is used rather than what it could show ie linked to highlighting good performance. Another common mistake made by students was when they related answers to how different forms of media could inform its audience of up and coming events or referred to gaining sponsorship, Page 18 of 19

attendance at matches or an increased fan base.

Where students were most successful, they explained the positive effect of copying, implementing skills or tactics seen or related their responses to raising confidence or motivation.

Q15.

Most candidates were able to identify a type of media, with television by far the most popular. The descriptions of how the type of media identified had a positive effect on sport were often brief and did not gain full marks. Weaker candidates related the effect to themselves as a performer rather than the sport.

Q16.

Answered well but some candidates did not always give specific examples in each case.

Missing out the third element of the question resulted in many candidates only attaining two out of the three marks available for each part of this question

Q20. (i)(ii) This part of the question was poorly answered, with candidates lacking the detail needed for full marks and failing to link their answers to the effect on participation and interest. Weaker candidates achieved two marks in each part. They were able to name an effect and provide an example of media effects but did not develop this.

Some candidates did not link their example to their initially stated effect, hence not achieving full marks.

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