UIC Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research Ten-Year Report

A Decade of Success

The Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research

10-Year Anniversary Report (2002-2011): A Decade of Success

The The Center Center for for Pharmacoeconomic Pharmacoeconomic Research Research

Establishing Evidence and Value

The UIC College of Pharmacy provides leadership in education, research, public service, entrepreneurship and business activities, and patient care to guide and serve the pharmaceutical care needs of society - extending from the people of Illinois to the global community.

A Decade of Success

TABLE OF CONTENTS 3

Section I. Message from Director

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Section II. The History of the CPR

13

Section III. The Faculty

23

Section IV. Generating New Knowledge

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Section V. Disseminating New Knowledge

33

Section VI. Training New Researchers

41

Section VII. The Future of the CPR

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A decade Decade of success Success

Section I: Message from the Director It is my pleasure to present this report of the activities and accomplishments of the Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research (CPR) at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) for the past 10 years (2002-2011). In its first decade, the Center surpassed expectations in terms of its productivity and accomplishments, and this report is a testament to the dedication and work of the individuals associated with the CPR. This report begins with an article written

by Daniel Smith that details the history of the CPR. Mr. Smith conducted numerous interviews with key individuals involved in the founding of the CPR. He also spoke with many of the current faculty of the Center. The result is an interesting and informative perspective on the people and events that contributed to the establishment of the CPR and to its success over the subsequent decade.

The core objectives of the CPR have been 1) generating new knowledge by conducting research, 2) disseminating new knowledge, and 3) training future researchers. During the past 10 years the CPR generated over $10 million in total external research funding; its faculty authored or coauthored nearly 300 articles in pharmacy, medical, and health-related journals; and the Center trained numerous fellows and others who went on to contribute to the field

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of pharmaceutical outcomes research in meaningful ways. The details of these accomplishments are provided in the pages that follow.

With the release of this report, the CPR announces a change to its name that more fully reflects the research undertaken by the faculty. The Center will now be named the “Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomic Research” (still abbreviated “CPR”). While the original name was not meant to restrict the scope of the Center, this change was considered important to reflect the increased emphasis of the Center in the area of pharmacoepidemiology. Nevertheless, the Center will continue to conduct research across a broad range of methodological and subject areas related to pharmacy and pharmaceutical outcomes.

This report cannot adequately convey all of the many achievements, major or minor, of the faculty, staff, and students in the CPR over the past 10 years. Nevertheless, I hope you agree that the Center has been productive and successful, and has a bright future. If you would like additional information about the Center, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Glen Schumock, Director

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A Decade of Success

Section II: The History of the CPR (by Daniel P. Smith)

At the turn of the century, total prescription drug sales in the United States (US) approached $125 billion and health care systems across the country faced mounting pressure to reduce costs. Patients, pharmaceutical companies, insurance corporations, managed care organizations, and government agencies all clamored for solutions.

Enter pharmacoeconomics, which considers the costs (investments) and benefits (outcomes) of pharmaceuticals and pharmacy services by comparing alternatives. Though cost is sometimes viewed as a “dirty word” in health care, the importance of weighing costs against economic, clinical, and humanistic outcomes achieved has become not only relevant, but a vital field of study.

Eager to address one of the 21st Century’s most pressing and controversial issues, UIC established the Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research (CPR) in 2002, hopeful that it would become an influential force in this industry-shaping discipline. And in its decade of operation, the CPR, the Midwest’s lone entity devoted to this type of research, has accomplished just that with a pioneering spirit and resolute mission.

Guided by the mantra — “Establishing Evidence and Value” — the CPR’s faculty researchers, a collection of internationally renowned experts with interdisciplinary skills and knowledge, have produced groundbreaking patientcentered outcomes research that informs health care decision making, while the Center’s focus on disseminating knowledge and education has further moved the health care needle.

The Makings of the Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research In the 1980s and into the 1990s, a trio of UIC pharmacy faculty — Hind Hatoum, Richard Hutchinson, and Ken Witte — began the university’s early work in outcomes research. Primarily concerned with the evaluation of clinical pharmacy services, the group’s work planted important seeds that would allow the university’s efforts in pharmacoeconomics to blossom in future years.

In 1993, UIC more aggressively aligned itself with the still-novel discipline when then assistant professor Sheldon Kong established the school’s first graduate course in pharmacoeconomics. The US really didn’t turn a strong eye to pharmacoeconomics until the early 1990s and then it emerged fast,” says Kong, a UIC faculty member from 19921995 who currently leads outcomes research at Merck. “UIC needed to respond to this changing environment and this course was a step in that direction.”

Three years after Kong’s course introduction, then-UIC Pharmacy Professor Jerry Bauman proposed a “Program in Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research.” Though the proposal did not gain approval, Bauman retained his vision, 5

The Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research

convinced that UIC needed to enter the emerging field of pharmacoeconomics.

When Bauman became head of the Department of Pharmacy Practice in 1998, he revisited his original proposal and resurrected his ambition to connect UIC and pharmacoeconomics. Seeking cohesiveness and organization, Bauman believed a formal center would position UIC to capitalize on the rising opportunities in outcomes research. “If we were to take advantage of this opportunity, fill the void, and even gain a degree of national prominence,” Bauman recalls, “then I knew we needed to step up and make pharmacoeconomics a major theme of our department.”

Bauman first needed the people to drive the movement, one that would cross academic departments and mark a new course for the UIC College of Pharmacy. Bauman recruited Glen Schumock, one-time assistant director of pharmacy at the UIC Hospital and Clinics and at the time a hospital pharmacy director in Wisconsin, to return to UIC and transition the idea into reality alongside Surrey Walton, a full-fledged outcomes researcher on staff since 1997. Together, the tandem began the internal process of forming the CPR. “We all felt like outcomes research was an area that would only grow and that forming a center would be a way to spark collaboration and secure funding,” Walton says.

On November 5, 2001, Schumock (later to become the CPR’s first director) and Walton went before university officials and proposed the CPR, a center to be jointly administered by the Department for Pharmacy Practice and the Department of Pharmacy Administration. On

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November 28, 2001, the Illinois Board of Higher Education granted the Center temporary status. (The Center received its permanent status on January 29, 2008.)

The CPR was on its way. With up-andcoming outcomes researcher Simon Pickard already in the fold, CPR leaders then recruited other accomplished faculty members with complementary areas of pharmacy outcomes research expertise.

In time, the Center added the likes of Dan Touchette, and Todd Lee, among others, while securing a physical home on the second floor of the College of Pharmacy building.

Key Milestones

Almost immediately, the CPR established itself as one of the nation’s most ambitious and productive centers of its kind. CPR faculty authored dozens of publications, served as principal investigators on practice-changing studies, presented research papers at scientific conferences, and accepted invitations to speak at educational forums.

The momentum accelerated in September 2005 when the CPR was awarded a DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions about Effectiveness) Center status. Among 13 centers in the nation to receive the designation from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), including toptier universities such as Harvard and Johns Hopkins, the CPR was the Midwest’s lone DEcIDE Network Center representative.

“DEcIDE put us on the map,” says Schumock, who served as the grant’s PI. “Not only did it position the Center to do cutting-edge work, but the program’s visibility and competitiveness brought a spotlight to our efforts and made others want to work with us.”

The following year, the UIC College of Pharmacy landed another AHRQ honor

A Decade of Success

when it was awarded a CERT (Centers for Research and Education on Therapeutics) grant. Led by Bruce Lambert, the CERT involved many of the faculty of the CPR and it intensified the College’s research and educational efforts on safe, effective drug use.

With the DEcIDE Center recognition, and with the CERT now also in the fold, the CPR and the College of Pharmacy rose to a class all its own.

“There isn’t another College of Pharmacy in the nation that has the DEcIDE Center grant or CERT, let alone both,” Bauman says.

The CPR gained another key affiliation in 2006 when it joined the UIC Institute for Health Research and Policy (IHRP), a consortium of the Chicago campus’ best research centers.

Aligning with the IHRP armed the CPR with access to important research infrastructure and jump started the Center’s on-campus reputation. “We quickly became recognized on campus as one of the places where the best health outcomes research takes place,” Schumock says.

CPR cohorts recruit patients and provide the program’s pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacoeconomic expertise. “The GO Grant gave us additional credibility, but, more importantly, it will help us develop future infrastructure for research projects and answer important questions for those with COPD,” Lee says of the grant made possible by the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act’s $1 billion pledge to fund CER. After the CPR’s five-year term as a DEcIDE Center ended in 2010, the CPR received a three-year renewal – one of only 8 of the original DEcIDE Centers to be renewed and one of only 11 total in the “DEcIDE-2” program.

In landing the DEcIDE 2 Grant, the CPR cemented its standing as a leading, productive player in comparative effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes research.

A Decade of Contributions

Since its 2001 launch, the CPR has retained its clear-minded mission to promote and facilitate knowledge in pharmacoeconomics through research, publications, and training.

“The CPR fills an important role in the mission of UIC, which is teaching, research, and service,” Department of Pharmacy Administration head Nick Popovich confirms.

Advancing the science and evidence within

Building on the accomplishments of the Center’s opening years, the CPR once again showed its mettle when it landed a National Institutes of Health (NIH) GO (Grand Opportunities) Grant in 2009. Spearheaded

by Dr. Lee, the GO Grant is a multi-center proposal with six other clinical centers with the goal to develop infrastructure for conducting CER studies in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). As the group’s only pharmacists, Lee and his

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Abbreviations used in Timeline AHRQ, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality CER, Comparative Effectiveness Research CERT, Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics CONCERT, COPD Outcomes-based Network for Clinical Effectiveness and Research Translation COP, College of Pharmacy COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

CPR, Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research DEcIDE, Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions about Effectiveness GO, Grand Opportunities IBHE, Illinois Board of Higher Education IHRP, Institute for Health Research and Policy PMAD, Department of Pharmacy Administration PMPR, Department of Pharmacy Practice

July 1996 Program for Pharmaceutical Outcomes proposed by Jerry Bauman, sets stage for later efforts to establish CPR

TRATIVE S I N I M AD EVENTS

The Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research

January 2002 Considered official founding of CPR

November 2001 CPR approved on a temporary status

by IBHE

July 2002 CPR opens first physical location in Room 287 of COP building

PHYSICA

L SPACE

e CPR Timelin

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

ARCH MAJOR RESE GRANTS

TRAINING PROGRAMS

CPR FACULTY

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July 1999 COP starts Outcomes Research Fellowship Program with Searle Pharmaceutical Company, later this transitions to Pharmacia and then Pfizer (ends 2003)

August 1997 Surrey Walton hired by PMAD, later becomes Assistant Director of CPR

August 2000 Glen Schumock hired

by PMPR, later becomes first CPR Director

December 2002 Swu Jane Lin hired by PMAD (leaves 2006)

August 2001 Simon Pickard hired by PMPR, later becomes Assistant Director of CPR

A Decade of Success

January 2009 CPR approved permanently by IBHE

August 2006 CPR affiliates with the UIC IHRP

January 2008 CPR temporarily relocates to IHRP building because of fire in COP

September 2005 CPR expands by addition of Room 227

2003

2005

2004

2006

September 2005 DEcIDE-1 Center is funded by AHRQ, Glen Schumock PI AHRQ DEcIDE Program funds study of MTM, led

by Dan Touchette

November 2008 Simon Pickard leads AHRQ DEcIDE contract to develop a prospective CER study in COPD September 2007 Several CPR faculty contribute to UIC CERT grant funded by AHRQ, Bruce Lambert PI

September 2003 Rob DiDomenico (PMPR) appointed CPR faculty

September 2010 DEcIDE-2 Center is funded

by AHRQ (through 2013), Glen Schumock PI

March 2009 Dan Touchette funded by the Dep. of Defense to study telepharmacy October 2009 Todd Lee leads CONCERT-CER Grant funded by NIH (Go Grant)

July 2007 CPR establishes fellowship with Novo Nordisk (ends 2010) and separately with Takeda (still on-going)

October 2006 James Shaw hired by PMAD (leaves 2011)

August 2005 Touchette hired by PMPR January 2005 Edith Nutescu (PMPR) appointed CPR faculty

2011

2010

July 2006 CPR hold AHRQ-funded symposium “Prescription Drug Expenditures: Too Much or Not Enough?”

July 2005 CPR establishes fellowship with Walgreens Health Initiatives (ends 2008) and separately with TAP Pharmaceuticals (ends 2007)

January 2004 Jo Ann Stubbings (PMPR) appointed CPR faculty

2009

2008

2007

September 2006 AHRQ DEcIDE Program funds study of off-label prescribing, lead

by Surrey Walton

January 2009 CPR moves back to COP building and expands into room 285

October 2010 CPR awarded institutional K-award program in CER from NIH (through 2013)

January 2009 Todd Lee joins CPR (PMPR), later become Assistant Director of CPR

July 2010 Denys Lau hired

by PMAD

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pharmacoeconomics, CPR faculty researchers have evaluated the costs and economic consequences of pharmaceutical products, researched drug safety, performed humanistic studies of pharmaceutical products and services, produced cost of illness studies, performed qualitative research of pharmacy practice, and more. The CPR has also produced health-policy relevant research, exploring such issues as drug importation, formulary decision-making, and models for provision of medication therapy management (MTM).

In its 10 years, total CPR funding approaches $10.3 million, a tangible nod to the confidence government and industry have in the Center’s work. “We’re promoting science at a fundamental level, while developing and applying the science to understanding the outcomes of care,” Pickard says. “Decisionmakers can then use this evidence, which often combines economic and patientcentered outcomes to inform the efficient allocation of resources.”

Committed to sharing their research and knowledge, CPR faculty members have become recognized contributors to industry publications, scientific gatherings, and sought-after experts for the lay media. To date, CPR faculty have penned over 275 publications, appeared as expert sources in lay media outlets such as the Wall Street Journal, USA Today and US News and World Report, presented nearly 300 research papers, and delivered over 175 invited presentations. By disseminating its findings, the CPR helps ensure that results of the work conducted by its faculty makes it into the hands of pharmacists, physicians, and administrations – where it can result in more efficient and effective health care decisions.

Training and education is yet another critical CPR goal and one that spurs an industry-wide ripple effect. The CPR coordinates specialized postdoctoral residences, fellowships, and a pharmacoeconomics certificate program alongside workshops and seminars for working professionals. In reaching out to current and future professionals, the CPR contributes to a more aware, well-rounded industry.

The two-year fellowship, for instance, trains future outcomes researchers and prepares their transition into academia or industry. Fellows, who have included PharmDs, MDs, and PhDs, spend one year of research training at UIC followed by one year at a sponsoring company. “We’re preparing future researchers to do what we do and, more importantly, seek ways to do it better,” says Schumock, who directed the fellowship program until 2006 when he handed the reins to Pickard.

From the seed of Bauman’s idea, the CPR staff have taken ownership of the Center and made it their own. “What’s impressive is that the faculty built the Center entirely from the ground up. The university didn’t throw millions at them,” Bauman says. “They’ve gotten the grants, done the research, made the contacts, and published the papers. The Center’s 10

A decade Decade of success Success

success is a product of the faculty’s dedicated, collective efforts.”

The Possibilities Ahead

Now past its 10th year, the CPR has established itself as a national leader and one with a sprouting reputation on the international stage as well. The Center’s rapid ascent stands a testament to collegial collaboration and single-minded purpose shared amongst staff as well as College of Pharmacy leadership.

Both the Department of Pharmacy Practice and the Department of Pharmacy Administration host CPR faculty appointments and have made it a practice to hire in the area of outcomes research. “The CPR is the link to maximize research and discovery,” Popovich says. “Whereas Pharmacy Practice research has a focus on applying research to patient care, Pharmacy Administration is the scholarship of discovery and integration. The CPR embraces the best of both departments.” Jan Engle, head of the Department of Pharmacy Practice, agrees. “We’ve been able to take the strengths and expertise of both departments, let them synergize, and everyone wins by making the CPR more successful,” she says.

Additionally, the CPR works with UIC’s College of Medicine and School of Public Health to advance decision-making in health care through outcomes research and showcase the collaborative energy that can breed real-world results. “The CPR spotlights collaboration throughout the UIC medical community and shows the potential of what can be,” Popovich says.

To be certain, CPR faculty believe the Center’s greatest success lies ahead. “We’re still a young center with many faculty members in the prime of their careers,” Walton says. “All of us recognize pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research is an important area and we’ve formed a cohesive group of researchers who share a real desire to be leaders in this field.”

With increasing attention and funding for CER, including $500 million the independent Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) has earmarked for outcomes research, the CPR stands ready to take advantage of robust research opportunities.

“Given our success over the last 10 years, we’re well positioned to be a competitive part of the funding stream, which will create an opportunity to have even more impact,” Schumock says.

As economics continues its surge into health care debates, the CPR’s research, singularly focused on improving patient outcomes, will guide policy makers to ensure the most productive medications are available. With an aging population, increasing growth and expenditures in health care, and an eagerness to receive bang-for-the-buck returns on treatment, the CPR continues its mission to be the industry’s leading player in outcomes research. “We have certainly positioned ourselves to be a leader for years to come, but we want to be the voice,” Walton says.

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Section III: The Faculty Below is a listing of current faculty of the CPR,

Jane Lin), the Center grew to 10 individuals (6.5

as well as a separate description of honors and

FTEs) by 2011 – including several clinical track

awards received by CPR faculty in the past 10

faculty (Robert Didomenico in 2003, Jo Ann

years, and leadership positions in state, regional,

Stubbings in 2004, and Edith Nutescu in 2005).

national, and international associations.

While two faculty left the CPR – Swu-Jane Lin in 2006 (now Senior consultant for Hind T. Hatoum

As shown in the figure below, the number of

& Company, San Diego, CA.) and Jim Shaw

faculty in the CPR grew steadily over the 10

in 2011 (now Senior Manager, Global Health

years since it was founded. Starting with just

Economics and Outcomes Research, Abbott

four tenure track faculty, two from the Department

Laboratories, in Abbott Park, IL) - additions to

of Pharmacy Practice (Glen Schumock, Simon

the tenure-track faculty in CPR included Dan

Pickard) and two from the Department of

Touchette in 2005, Todd Lee in 2009, and Denys

Pharmacy Administration (Surrey Walton, Swu-

Lau in 2010.

Figure: Number of Faculty by Year 12

10

8

6

4

2

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

No. of FTE’s

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

People

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Robert J. DiDomenico, PharmD

Robert DiDomenico is a member of the CPR and Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice at UIC. He received his PharmD and completed three years of post-doctoral training, including a Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Fellowship, at UIC. Dr. DiDomenico is a clinical pharmacist specializing in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy in the acute care setting. He has authored more than 30 articles and book chapters on both clinical and outcomes-related topics in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, with particular expertise in heart failure. In 2008 he received the ACCP Research Institute Investigator Development Award.

Dr. DiDomenico has contributed to the efforts of the CPR since 2003.

Denys T. Lau, PhD

Denys Lau is an Associate Professor in the UIC Department of Pharmacy Administration and joined the CPR in 2010.

Dr. Lau has a Ph.D. degree from Johns Hopkins and a BA with distinction from Cornell. Dr. Lau completed a Pfizer outcomes research fellowship at the University of Michigan. As a health services researcher, Dr. Lau applies quantitative and qualitative research methodologies to study the proper and safe use of pharmaceutical and health services in vulnerable older adult populations. He is the principal investigator of an NIA-funded grant that examines medication management among patients receiving end-oflife care in private residences. He has received research awards from the American Public Health Association, AHRQ, and AcademyHealth; and is on the editorial advisory board of Clinical Therapeutics.

Todd A. Lee, PharmD, PhD – CENTER ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

Todd Lee is Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Pharmacy Administration. He also has appointments in the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics in the UIC School of Public Health, and in the Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy at the College of Medicine. He joined the CPR in 2009. Dr. Lee received his PharmD from Drake University and PhD from the University of Washington. Dr. Lee’s research focus is patient outcomes related to the use of pharmaceuticals, with emphasis on medication safety and pharmacoeconomics. His therapeutic area of expertise is respiratory disease. He has received numerous awards, including the Bernie J. O’Brien New Investigator Award from ISPOR.

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Edith A. Nutescu, PharmD, FCCP

Edith Nutescu is a Clinical Professor in the Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy Administration, and Director of the Antithrombosis Center at the University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System. She has been a member of the CPR since 2005. Dr. Nutescu received her BS from the Politechnical Institute of Bucharest, and PharmD from UIC. She also completed a pharmacy practice residency at Lutheran General Hospital in Park Ridge, IL and an ambulatory care specialty residency at UIC. Dr. Nutescu is an internationally known expert in thrombotic disorders, antithrombotic therapies, and anticoagulation clinical pharmacy care delivery models. Her research focus is on comparative effectiveness, clinical and economic outcomes of various antithrombotic therapies, venous thrombosis, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. She is widely published in the medical and scientific literature and her work has been recognized by numerous awards, including the Distinguished Service Award from ASHP, the Clinical Practice Award from ACCP, and the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Award from NIH.

A. Simon Pickard, PhD – CENTER ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

Simon Pickard is Associate Professor in the Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy Administration. He is also Assistant Director of the CPR and has been a member since it was founded in 2002. Dr. Pickard received his BS in Pharmacy and PhD from the University of Alberta. His research focus is on informing decision making in health care through the evaluation of economic, humanistic and clinical outcomes of health care interventions. He is internationally known for his work in health-related quality of life, and in particular he has been a leader in developing the EQ5D. He currently serves as Vice Chair of the Executive Committee of the EuroQol Group. He has received numerous research awards, including several from the International Society for Quality of Life Research.

Daniel R. Touchette, PharmD, MA, FCCP

Daniel Touchette is Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and in the Department of Pharmacy Administration. Dr. Touchette is also the Network Director for the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Practice-Based Research Network (PBRN). He has been with the CPR since August 2005. Dr. Touchette received his BS in Pharmacy from the University of Manitoba, and his PharmD and Master of Economics degree from Wayne State University in Detroit. He also completed a fellowship in pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research at Wayne State. Dr. Touchette’s research interests are in the broad areas of pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research.

In particular he is interested in evaluation of clinical pharmacist and other healthcare practitioner activities, especially as it relates to improving medication adherence and reducing the adverse effects of medicines. Dr. Touchette also conducts research evaluating the cost-effectiveness of clinical practices and pharmaceuticals.

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Glen T. Schumock, PharmD, MBA, PhD – CENTER DIRECTOR

Glen Schumock is Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and in the Department of Pharmacy Administration. He has been Director of the CPR since it was founded in 2002. Dr. Schumock received a Bachelor in Pharmacy from Washington State University, a PharmD degree from the University of Washington, and an MBA and PhD from UIC. His research focuses on comparisons of the clinical effectiveness, safety, and costs of pharmaceuticals and of health care and pharmacy services, and he is currently PI of the Chicago-Area DEcIDE Center funded by AHRQ. Dr. Schumock has authored and edited over 100 articles and books, and he serves on the several journal editorial boards.

Jo Ann Stubbings, MHCA

Jo Ann Stubbings is a Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and in the Department of Pharmacy Administration. She is also Manager of Research and Public Policy in the Ambulatory Care Pharmacy Department at UIC. She has been an active contributor to the Center since 2004. Ms. Stubbings received her BS in Pharmacy from Ohio State University and a Master of Health Care Administration from the University of Mississippi. Her research interests include Medicare Part D, pharmaceutical care business models, specialty pharmacy, marketing of pharmaceuticals and pharmacy services, health policy, and payment for pharmaceuticals and pharmacy services. Dr. Stubbings has received numerous teaching awards and is widely sought after for her expertise in medication payment policy issues.

Surrey M. Walton, PhD – CENTER ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

Dr. Walton is Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Administration and Assistant Director of the CPR. He is also holds an adjunct appointment in the Department of Economics at UIC. He was a founding member of the CPR in 2002. Dr. Walton holds a BS in Economics from UCLA, and a Master and PhD degree in Economics from the University of Chicago, where he specialized in labor and health economics. He conducts quantitative research in health services evaluation, health economics, pharmacoeconomics, and health care labor markets. In addition to his active research program he is currently the Director of Graduate Studies for the Department of Pharmacy Administration.

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A decade Decade of success Success

Awards and Honors Received by CPR Faculty Award, Antithrombosis Management Service Excellence, Bristol Myers Squibb. Nutescu (2002) Award, Bernie J. O’Brien New Investigator Award, International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. Lee (2007) Award, Best Overall Oral Presentation, International Society for Quality of Life Research. Pickard (2003) Award, Best Poster in Health Policy, International Society for Quality of Life Research. Pickard (2010) Award, Best Poster Presentation, International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. DiDomenico (2007).

Award, Clinical Practice, American College of Clinical Pharmacy. Nutescu (2009) Award, Distinguished Service, American Society of Health System Pharmacists. Nutescu (2010) Award, Innovations in Teaching Competition, Council of Faculties, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Stubbings (2003), Schumock – honorable mention (2005) Award, Investigator Development, American College of Clinical Pharmacy Research Institute.

DiDomenico (2008) Award, Investigator’s Award for Research Involving Medstat Data, Market Scan. Walton (2003) Award, New Investigator, International Society for Quality of Life Research. Pickard (2003) Award, Preceptor of the Year, Pharmacy Practice Residency Program, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago. DiDomenico (2008)

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Award, Preceptor of the Year, PharmD Program, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago. DiDomenico (2005, 2006) Award, Ruth L. Kirschtein National Research Service Award. National Institutes of Health. Nutescu (2010) Award, Teacher of the Semester, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago. Stubbings (2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011), Schumock (2008).

Award, Teacher of the Year, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago. Stubbings (2008) Award, Teaching Recognition Program Award, Council for Excellence in Teaching and Learning, University of Illinois at Chicago. Stubbings (2008) Certificate of Appreciation, Contribution to CMS Multi-Site Pharmacy Preceptorship, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Schumock (2003).

Fellow, American College of Clinical Pharmacy. Schumock (2003), Nutescu (2007), Touchette (2010) Fellow, International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis and Hemostasis. Nutescu (2005) Honorary Fellow, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago.

Schumock (2011), Pickard (2011), Lee (2011), Walton (2011) Honorary Membership, Center for Clinical and Translational Science’s Translational Research Academy, University of Illinois at Chicago. Schumock (2008)

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Leadership Positions Held by CPR Faculty Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy: Member of Executive Committee for Format for Formulary Submissions (Lee 2008-2011) American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy: Member of Educating Clinical Scientists Task Force II (Schumock 2007-2008) American Association of Diabetes Educators: Chair Behavior Score Workgroup (Touchette 2007-2011) American College of Clinical Pharmacy: Treasurer of Board of Regents (Schumock 2003-2006), Secretary of FCCP Committee (Schumock 2003-2006), Member of Education Committee Ambulatory Care PRN (Nutescu 2007-2008), Director of Heart Failure Traineeship of Cardiology PRN (DiDomenico 2007-2009), Treasurer of Ambulatory Care PRN (Nutescu 2008-2010), Member Board of Directors of Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc (Schumock 2008-2011), Member of Steering Committee for Academy Research and Scholarship Development Certificate Program (Schumock 2008-2011), Chair of Publications Committee (Schumock 2009-2010), Practice Based Research Network Pharmacoeconomics Consultant (Touchette 2009-2011), Co-Chair of Practice Based Research Network – Community Advisory Panel (Nutescu 2010), Network Director, Practice Based Research Network (Touchette 2011-2011), Chair of Practice Based Research Network – Community Advisory Panel (Nutescu 2011) American Heart Association (AHA) Midwest Affiliate: Member of Council on Clinical Cardiology (DiDomenico 2011), Member of Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research (DiDomenico 2011) American Pharmacists Association: Member of, Health Policy Forum Planning Committee (Stubbings 2009-2010), Advocacy Key Contact (Stubbings 2008-2011) American Public Health Association: Councilor of Gerontological Health Section (Lau 2008-2011), Secretary-Elect of Aging and Public Health Section (Lau 2011)

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American Society of Health-System Pharmacists: Co-Director of ASHP Research and Education Foundation Antithrombotic Pharmacotherapy Traineeship (DiDomenico 2006-2009) Anticoagulation Forum: Member of Board of Directors (Nutescu 2006-2011), Vice President (Nutescu 2011) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services – US Department of Health and Human Services: Member of Medicare Provider Feedback Group (Stubbings 2007-2011) Chicago Regional Chapter of the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research: Board Member at-large (Pickard 2007-2008), Vice President (Schumock 2007-2008), President (Pickard 2008-2009), Past-President (Pickard 2009-2011), Vice President (Walton 2009-2011).

EuroQol Group: Member of Executive Committee (Pickard 2005-2011), Vice-chair of Executive Committee (Pickard 2010-2011), Scientific Co-Chair of Annual Scientific Plenary Conference (Pickard 2011), Chair, Condition-Specific Task Force (Pickard 2006-2011), Chair for Organizing Committee for 21st Plenary Meeting (Pickard 2004) Illinois Council for Health System Pharmacists, Member of Government Affairs Committee (Stubbings 2008-2011) International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research: Chair of Session for 2007 Annual Meeting (Walton 2007, Pickard 2007), Member of Bernie J. O’Brien New Investigator Award Committee (Lee 2008-2011) International Society of Pharmacoepidemiology: Co-Chair of Scientific Program Committee for 2011 Meeting (Schumock 2008-2011) International Society of Quality of Life Research: Co-Chair of Scientific Program Committee for 2013 Meeting (Pickard 2011-2013)

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A Decade of Success

Midwest Social and Administrative Pharmacy Conference: Chair of Fundraising Committee (Pickard 2007) National Association of Boards of Pharmacy: Member of Item Writing Workshop for the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (DiDomenico 2007) National Committee for Quality Assurance: Member of Respiratory Measurement Advisory Panel (Lee 2010-2011), Member of Palliative Care Expert Workgroup (Lau 2008) Society of Medical Decision Making: Chair of Social Committee for 2011 Meeting (Walton 2011) University Health-System Consortium: Member of Research and Education Committee (Schumock 2003-2005), Member of Specialty Pharmacy Task Force (Stubbings 2009-2011)

Journal Editorial Boards CPR Faculty have served on 10 journal editorial boards in the past 10 years. These include the American Journal of Health System Pharmacists (Nutescu 2007–2010), Annals of Pharmacotherapy (Nutescu 2008–present), Clinical Therapeutics (Lau 2007-present), ClotCare (Nutescu 2004–present), the Open Journal of Pharmacoeconomics (Pickard, 2008–present), PharmacoEconomics (Schumock 2001-present), Pharmacotherapy (Schumock 1996-present, and Nutescu 2011–present), Quality of Life Research (Pickard 2006-present), Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy (Schumock 2004-2007), and Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials (Nutescu 2005–2006). In addition, CPR faculty member serve as Associate Editor for two journals, Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials (Nutescu 2006–present) and the Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research (Schumock 2011-present).

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A Decade A decade of Success of success

Section IV: Generating New Knowledge A primary objective of the CPR is to generate new knowledge about the clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes of pharmaceuticals and pharmacy services. This is done primarily by obtaining and conducting funded research. In total, the Center received $10.3 million in funding over the past 10 years, with a steady increase occurring over time, as shown in the figure below.

This total includes only the portion of grant funding that was attributable to CPR faculty for those grants where the Principle Investigators was in a different department, college, or university.

Figure: Grant Funding by Year $ 2,500,000

$ 2,000,000

$ 1,500,000

$ 1,000,000

$500,000

2002

2003

2004

2005 $ Per Award

2006

2007 $ Per FTE

2008

2009

2010

2011

Total $

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The figure also shows the average funding per FTE and the average funding per award in each year. Over the 10 years the average funding per FTE was just under $200,000 while the average per award was $130,000. The number of grants and contracts awarded to faculty in the CPR averaged 9 per year (range ranged from 5 to 14).

The source (sponsor) of grants and contracts obtained by the CPR included government agencies, foundations, and pharmaceutical companies or other private sources. As shown in the figure below, government agencies have comprised an increasing percentage of CPR funding over time.

Over the 10 year period, government grants and contracts comprised 52% of all funding, whereas pharmaceutical manufacturers and other private companies comprised 36%, and foundations 13%. A table of public and private sponsors of CPR research and training grants is also provided to the right.

Figure: Percentage of Funding by Year by Source 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Foundation

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2007 Government

2008

2009

Pharma/Private

2010

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A Decade of Success

Sponsors of Funded Research Public

Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital Illinois Department of Aging UIC Campus Research Board UIC Institute for Health Research and Policy US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality US Bureau of Primary Health Care US Department of Defense US Department of Veteran Affairs US Health Resources Services Administration US National Cancer Institute US National Center for Research Resources US National Center for Rural Health Professions US National Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases US National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute

Private

AgeOptions American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy American College of Clinical Pharmacy American Foundation for Pharmaceutical Education American Heart Association Midwest Affiliate American Pharmacists Association Foundation American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Foundation AstraZeneca Consorta Incorporated Delta Health Alliance Dupont Pharmaceuticals Companies EuroQol Foundation Evanston Northwestern Healthcare GlaxoSmithKline Incorporated Indiana Thrombosis and Hemophilia Center International Technidyne Corporation Medco Health Solutions Merck Company Foundation Mercy Resource Management, Inc. Northwestern University Norvartis Novo Nordisk Otho McNeil Johnson Pfizer Pharmaceutical Group Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Pharmacia Corporation Pharmacy Quality Alliance Rush University Medical Center Sanofi aventis Scios Incorporated Suburban Area Aging Agency Takeda Pharmaceuticals TAP Pharmaceutical Products Walgreens Health Initiatives

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It is not possible in this report to list all of the grants and contracts received by the CPR over the past 10 years. Nevertheless, several important large grant programs are worth mentioning.

The DEcIDE Program

In September 2005 the CPR was named to lead one of 13 centers nationally funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) under the “Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions about Effectiveness� (DEcIDE) Research Network. In 2010 the contract with AHRQ was renewed under DEcIDE-2 when the network was reduced to 11 centers nationally. The DEcIDE Network conducts studies on the comparative effectiveness of medical treatments and services. The CPR serves as the coordinating site for the Chicago-Area DEcIDE Center, a collaborative that also includes the University of Chicago, Northwestern University, the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association, and the Department of Veterans Affairs. Designation as a center under this network has brought national attention to the College of Pharmacy and UIC. It has also resulted in a number of specific research projects funded via the program, which are summarized below.

Several DEcIDE projects have been conducted by the Center in the area of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The first, conducted by Drs. Lee, Pickard, Schumock, and others examined a retrospective cohort analysis of 169,842 patients diagnosed and treated for COPD to determine outcomes in those treated with theophylline or non-theophylline containing drug regimens. Findings indicated that the addition of theophylline to treatment regiments for COPD did not improve conditions, and was actually associated with an increased risk of mortality, COPD exacerbation and COPD-related hospitalizations. The results of this study have been published in the journal Pharmacotherapy (2009).

A second, related project examined the outcomes associated with use of tiotropium in patients with COPD and was conducted by Drs. Lee, Pickard, Schumock, and others. Endpoints of interest included all-cause mortality, COPD exacerbations, and COPD hospitalizations.

The study found that when used with inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta agonists, tiotropium was associated with a decreased risk of mortality compared with treatment with those drugs alone. The study was published in Archives of Internal Medicine (2009).

A final project in the area of COPD was led by Drs. Pickard, Lee, Schumock, and others and had the aim of developing a protocol for a multicenter prospective study to assess the effectiveness of treatments for COPD. The project included the involvement of stakeholders and clinician researchers from across the country and was one of the first DEcIDE-funded projects to focus on the importance of stakeholder input in designing comparative effective research questions. A paper describing the process was published in Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2011).

Another major DEcIDE project focused on developing evidence-based research priorities for off-label drug use. Dr. Surrey Walton and co-investigators with the DEcIDE Center analyzed data from the National Disease and Therapeutic Index along with opinions from a technical expert panel. The end result was a prioritized list of drugs used in adults where future research is needed to inform off-label prescribing. The paper describing this study was published in the journal Pharmacotherapy (2008) and received significant media interest.

Last but not least among the major DEcIDE-related projects conducted by the Center was an evaluation of a medication therapy management program designed to improve patient 26

A Decade of Success

safety in Medicare beneficiaries at high risk of adverse drug events. Led by Dr. Touchette, other investigators from the Center included Dr. Schumock, Ms. Stubbings, and a number of the clinical pharmacy faculty of the College. This was a multi-center study led by the CPR with other sites being the Baylor Health Care System and Duke University Healthcare System. Several papers have been published related to this grant, including one in the Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2006), and one in the AHRQ journal Advances in Patient Safety: New Directions and Alternative Approaches (2008). More papers reporting the results of the study are under development.

The UIC CERT

A number of the CPR faculty were involved in the UIC Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics (CERT, 2007-2011). The aim of the AHRQ-funded center, led by Dr. Bruce Lambert, was to promote rational, safe, patient-centered therapy that maximizes patient benefit while minimizing social costs. Faculty in the CPR were involved in several projects within the CERT. Drs. Walton and Touchette conducted pharmacoeconomic evaluations of the topics investigated by the CERT, and at least one of these efforts was published in Pharmacotherapy (2012). Another project involved Drs. Schumock and Nutescu and was designed to examine ways to improve prescribing in hospitals via drug use guidelines. Publications stemming from this appeared in the American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2010 and 2011). Finally, Dr. Didomenico was involved in a project examining drug-lab interactions and electronic methods to alert prescribers about these, and a paper related to that was also published in American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2011).

University of Chicago CERT

Drs. Walton, Schumock, DiDomenico, Nutescu, and Lee were also involved in projects stemming from an AHRQ-funded CERT at the University of Chicago (UC). Led by Dr. David Meltzer, that CERT focused on hospital medicine and economics. Drs. Lee, DiDomenico, and Schumock were involved in a project to examine the use of ICD-9 codes to accurately identify patients with COPD or heart failure. Results of that project were published in the Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2010) and in Chest (2011). Separately, Dr. Schumock was involved in a project to explore the use of social networks to identify optimal participants for health care quality improvement teams. That was published in Social Science and Medicine (2010). Dr. Nutescu was also involved in a separate project under the UC CERT that examined the use of pharmacogenetic testing for Warfarin. Finally, Dr. Walton led a project within the UC CERT to evaluate the use of indication based prescribing during computerized order entry with medications commonly used off-label, which was published in Applied Clinical Informatics (2011).

CONCERT

Led by Dr. Lee in the CPR at UIC, the COPD Outcomes-based Network for Clinical Effectiveness and Research Translation (CONCERT) is a national network that aims to promote comparative effectiveness research for treatment of COPD. Funded by the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), CONCERT included investigators at 6 US medical centers with expertise in comparative effectiveness research, biostatistics, clinical hospital medicine, pulmonary medicine, and critical care. Within the UIC CPR other investigators involved in this research are Drs. Pickard and Schumock. The research infrastructure of CONCERT includes a data warehouse hub of COPD patient data from the 6 sites (retrospective) and established infrastructure for conducting prospective comparative effectiveness research studies.

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A Decade ofA Success decade of success

Section V: Disseminating New Knowledge The CPR faculty present and publish their research as one way to disseminate important new knowledge that may impact health care and health policy. The figure below shows the number of publications, research papers presented at scientific conferences, and invited presentations occurring from 2002-2011.

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Figure: Number of Publications, Research Papers, and Invited Presentation per Year

50 40 30 20 10

2002

2003

2004

No, of Publications

2005

2006

2007

2008

No. of Research Papers Presented

2009

2010

2011

No. of Invited Presentations

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There were a total of 276 publications over this time period, or an average of approximately 28 per year. The average number of publications per FTE per year was 5.3. Articles published by CPR faculty appeared in leading medical and pharmacy journals, including the New England Journal of Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association, Archives of Internal Medicine, Health Affairs, Medical Care, and many others.

Publications of CPR faculty have been widely cited in the news media. A sample of news media headlines is shown in the table below. Another measure of the influence of CPR publications is the number of times they are cited by other authors. Publications of the CPR faculty that are included in the ISI Web of Knowledge Database have been cited nearly 4,000 times, or an average of nearly 400 times per faculty member. This translated into an average “H” index of over 15. The H-index is an index that attempts to measure both the productivity and impact of the published work of an individual. The index is based on the set of most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications. Scores of 10 or more are considered high.

Table: Sample of News Headlines From CPR Research “Quality of life helps prioritize treatments in cancer” (Medical News Today) “Clinical Pharmacists Can Reduce Drug Costs” (Business News) “Leading COPD Drug Won’t Harm Heart: FDA” (US News and World Report) “Beep! It’s Your Medicine Nagging You” (Wall Street Journal) “Comparison is key to lower costs, better outcomes from medicines” (NewsWise) “Self-monitoring lowers risk for patients on anti-clotting drugs” (Medical News Today) “Study: Off-label drugs should be researched for safety” (USA Today)

In addition to publications, there were a total of 297 research presentations by CPR faculty at national and international medical and pharmacy meetings over the 10 year time period, or approximately 30 per year. The average number of research presentations per FTE per year was 5.8. Many of these presentations were recognized by peers for the quality or impact of the research. For example, at the 2003 meeting of the International Society for Quality of Life Research Dr. Pickard received an award for Best Overall Oral Presentation and in collaboration with Dr. Shaw at the 2010 meeting received an award for Best Poster in Health Policy. Dr. DiDomenico received an award for Best Poster Presentation at the 2007 meeting of the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research.

The CPR faculty are frequency invited by their peers to present at local, national, or international meetings. There were a total of 177 invited presentations made by CPR faculty from 2002-2010, or an average of approximately 18 per year. The average number of invited presentations per FTE per year was 3.4. These invitations included many cases were the CPR faculty member was the keynote or headlining speaker for a major conference.

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A Decade of Success

Section VI: Training New Researchers By virtue of its existence within a major academic organization, the CPR and its faculty continually seek to promote the advancement of pharmacy and pharmaceutical outcomes research by providing training experiences for future scientists and practitioners. Members of the CPR faculty coordinate post-doctoral fellowships in pharmaceutical outcomes research, and are involved in mentoring the research of Master and Doctorate-level graduate students. The Center also offers specialized certificate programs, and courses/ seminars for working professionals wishing to gain expertise in comparative effectiveness, pharmacoeconomics, and outcomes research. These programs are described further below.

Graduates of the CPR fellowships and other training programs have taken outcomes research positions in pharmaceutical industry, consulting, health care organizations, and academia. Former trainees work for Baxter, Lundbeck, GE Medical, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Pharmerit, Deloitte Consulting, the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, Humana, Kaiser, and China Medical University, Novo Southeastern University, Temple University, and others. After completion of their formal training, these individuals have helped to fulfill a critical public need in a field with high demand for skilled employees both in the United States and abroad.

Fellowship Programs The CPR has offered a number of different fellowship programs over the past 10 years, and in total has trained 17 fellows, as shown in the table on the next page. Most fellow trainees have a previous health care degree (PharmD or MD), and typically they concomitantly enroll in a graduate program (Masters or PhD). Most of these fellowship experiences were conducted jointly with a local pharmaceutical company or health care organization. Past and current corporate sponsors include Searle, Pharmacia, Pfizer, Walgreens, TAP, Novo Nordisk, and Takeda. Typically the fellows spend the first year at the Center and the second at the company.

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Table: CPR Fellow Program Graduates

Fellow Year/s Program Sponsor Grace Shin 1999-2001 Pharmacia Bhakti Arondekar 2000-2002 Pharmacia Melissa Butler 2001-2003 Pfizer Nima Patel (now Shori) (PGY2) 2001-2002 VA/TAP Hayley Park 2002-2004 Walgreens Juan Blackburn 2003-2005 UIC Shiraz Gupta 2005-2007 TAP Vikrant Vats 2005-2008 UIC/Walgreens Alexandra Perez (now Rivera) 2006-2008 UIC Robert Wittenberg 2007-2008 Takeda Caitlyn Wilke (now Solem) 2007-2010 Novo Nordisk Yoojung Yang 2008-2011 UIC/Takeda Charisse DeLeon 2008-2009 Takeda Firas Dabbous 2009-2010 Takeda Funda Tiryaki 2009-2011 UIC Rima Tawk (current) 2010-2012 Takeda Jennifer Samp (current) 2011-2013 Takeda

Graduate Programs

While the CPR itself does not offer a graduate program, the CPR faculty have frequently served as advisors or thesis/dissertation committee chairs/members for students enrolled in Master or PhD programs on campus. Faculty in the CPR were the primary advisor or committee chair for over 20 graduate students who completed their programs in the past 10 years, as shown in the table right.

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A decade Decade of success Success

Table: MS/PhD Program Graduates with CPR Faculty Advisors

Graduate Year Degree Major Advisor Yu (Nancy) Ko 2003 MS Swu-Jane Lin Bhakti Arondekar 2004 PhD Surrey Walton Mehul Dalal 2006 PhD Simon Pickard Chaitanya Sarawate 2003 MS Surrey Walton Shih-Ying (Audrey) Hung 2005 MS Simon Pickard Xue Grace Chiou 2009 MS Surrey Walton Nasreen Khan 2006 PhD Swu-Jane Lin Zhixiao (Jason) Wang 2006 PhD Surrey Walton Eunmi Jung 2007 MS Simon Pickard Xiaoyan (Charlene) Ying 2007 MS Surrey Walton Caitlyn Wilke (now Solem) 2007 MS Simon Pickard Hongjun Yin 2006 PhD Swu-Jane Lin Hsiang-Wen (Margaret) Lin 2008 PhD Simon Pickard Alexandra Perez (now Rivera) 2009 MS Surrey Walton Shengsheng Yu 2009 MS James Shaw Yash J. Jalundhwala 2010 MS James Shaw Xiaoqing (Frank) Liu 2010 PhD Surrey Walton Caitlyn Wilke (now Solem) 2010 PhD Simon Pickard Yoojung Yang 2010 MS Glen Schumock Xiaochen Luo 2011 MS James Shaw Sruthi Adimadhyam 2012 MS Glen Schumock

K-Award Programs

Faculty of the CPR have been involved as mentors for individuals participating in both individual and institutional K-award programs. In fact, the CPR offers an institutional K-program of its own.

The program, which is funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), is called the KM1 Career Development Awards in Comparative Effectiveness Research and it is a joint effort between University of Chicago and the CPR at UIC. The goal of the award is to develop new investigators in comparative effectiveness research. There have been two trainees at UIC to date, as shown in the table below. In addition, CPR faculty have served as primary mentors for individual K-awards.

Table: K-Award Trainees Trainee Year/s Award Primary Mentor Bharati Prasad, MD 2011-2013 KM1, NCI Todd Lee Anna Porter, MD 2011-2013 KM1, NCI Todd Lee Min Joo, MD 2009-2014 K23, NHLBI Todd Lee Rahul Khare, MD 2010-2015 K08, AHRQ Todd Lee

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Pharmacoeconomics Certificate Program

Not everyone interested in pharmacoeconomics or pharmaceutical outcomes research has the time to complete a fellowship or graduate degree, and that level of training is not necessary for all situations. Consequently, the CPR developed a Pharmacoeconomic Certificate Program designed to provide training in applied pharmacoeconomics for working professionals. The program contains a series of “modules� with readings and exercises that are completed by the participant at their own pace. After completing each module the participant meets with a faculty member to review and reinforce what was learned. This program has been of interest to those in working the pharmaceutical industry and to pharmacists from other countries where there may be fewer opportunities for such training. Typically the program is sponsored by the participants’ employer (or native country). The table below shows the participants in the program over the past 10 years.

Table: Pharmacoeconomics Certificate Program Participants Trainee Year/s Sponsor Antonios Kontemeniotis 2004 Cyprus Ministry of Health Philip Yeung 2006 Santarus Incorporated Vivianne Yeung 2007 Singapore National Cancer Centre Shyamala Narayanaswamy 2008 Singapore General Hospital Anthony Eti-Ukwu 2009 Nigerian Ministry of Health Dawn Koselleck (current) 2012 Abbott Laboratories

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A decade Decade of success Success

Seminar and Conference Programs

The CPR is also dedicated to providing on-going opportunities for faculty, trainees, and other researchers to learn from each other and interact on research-related topics. To that end, the Center has organized and sponsored numerous research seminars. For example, the Health Outcomes Seminar Series is held monthly and is jointly sponsored by the CPR and the UIC Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences. It features local researchers and is very well attended by faculty and students across the UIC campus. In addition, the CPR often organizes special seminars with national or internationally known speakers on topics related to pharmaceutical outcomes research.

The CPR has also been involved in the development of full or half day conferences. In 2006 the Center received a grant from AHRQ (JoAnn Stubbings, PI) to organize a conference on pharmaceutical expenditures. The full-day program drew an audience from across the United States and even other countries.

In both 2010 and 2011 the CPR joined the University of Chicago to organize the Chicago-Area Effective Health Care Centers Conference. While primarily attended by researchers from the Chicago-area, both these conferences were successful in building collaboration with a specific focus on shared infrastructure for the conduct of comparative effectiveness research.

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In 2010 the CPR organized a symposium jointly with the UIC Center for Clinical and Translational Science that focused on comparative effectiveness research and its role at UIC. The keynote speaker was Carolyn Clancy, Director of AHRQ, and the program was very well received.

The CPR faculty are also highly involved in organizing conferences and programs for local, national, and international associations. On a local basis the CPR faculty have been instrumental in developing several speaker meetings of the Chicago Regional Chapter of the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. In fact, a number of those programs have been held at the UIC campus over the past few years. CPR faculty members have participated in numerous organizing committees for national and international conferences. In fact, CPR was a sponsor of the 2011 meeting of the International Society of Pharmacoepidemiology which occurred in Chicago, and of the 2004 EuroQol Group meeting (also in Chicago).

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A decade Decade of success Success

Section VII: The Future of the CPR The CPR has had a successful first decade. Despite the uncertainty of funding for research in health care, the next 10 years promise to be even more fruitful. With increased national interest on health care costs, and a growing need for better evidence to inform health care decision making, the Center is well-positioned to contribute to the generation and translation of evidence in the future. With that in mind, the faculty of the Center spent considerable time planning for the future of the CPR. Part of that planning included a re-assessment of not only the mission and goals of the CPR, but even the Center’s name.

The scope of research conducted by the CPR has expanded since it was founded in 2002. At the time the CPR was created, the name “Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research” was carefully selected to tie to the mission of the College of Pharmacy. It was understood even then that the scope of the center would be larger than “pharmacoeconomics.” In the past 10 years, the name has developed a certain “brand” recognition - both within UIC and externally - but at the same time its’ scope increased significantly.

Importantly, the Center is now nationally known for excellence in pharmacoepidemiology, particularly with respect to comparative effectiveness research.

After much deliberation, the faculty of the Center proposed a new name, “Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomic Research” (CPR). The new name was then approved by the College of Pharmacy, the University, and the Illinois Board of Higher Education (pending).

The faculty also revised the mission statement of the CPR. The new mission of the CPR is to advance understanding of the impact of pharmacy and health care services, products, and policy by conducting research in pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, and patient-centered outcomes; translating and disseminating research; and educating, training, and mentoring researchers.

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Consistent with the new mission, the faculty

In order to achieve this vision, the faculty

approved a new set of goals for Center.

developed a set of strategic objectives for the

These include:

next 5 years (2012-2016). These are listed

1. To conduct pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, and patient-centered outcomes research to advance understanding

below. For each of these objectives, specific actions have been identified and a metric established by which to measure success.

of the impact of pharmacy and health care

1. To increase research funding by Center

services, products, and policy;

faculty over the next 5 years

2. To translate and disseminate research

2. To increase the influence of Center research

findings to inform health care policy and

findings on health policy over the next 5 years.

practice; and

3. To increase the post-graduate research

3. To educate, train, and mentor current

training activities of the Center over the

and future scientists to expand the fields of

next years.

pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, and patient-centered outcomes research.

4. To improve communication among Center faculty members over next 5 years.

While the CPR previously had both a mission

5. To increase the frequency of collaboration

statement and set of goals, it did not have

by Center faculty with others in the University

a vision statement. The mission and goals

and elsewhere over the next 5 years.

are important to describe the organization

42

in the present, but the faculty felt that a

The new name, mission, goals, vision, and

vision statement for the Center would help

strategic objectives all help set the stage for

it guide future decisions and ensure that

the future. Nevertheless, the real determinant

the Center achieves an even greater level

of the success of the Center now and in

of success in the future. The new vision for

the future will be the faculty. Individually and

the CPR is to be internationally recognized in

collectively it is the faculty, students, and staff

pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology,

of the Center who, working together and

and patient-centered outcomes research that

with others on campus, locally, nationally, or

impacts health care policy and

internationally, will continue to make the Center

improves health.

relevant and successful.

A Decade of Success

Make a gift to the CPR

Your contribution provides critical unrestricted income that directly supports student

Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomic Research

scholarships, student travel and more.

833 S. Wood Street Room 164 (MC886) The success of the Center, its alumni, students

College of Pharmacy

and faculty could not be possible without the

Chicago, IL 60612

continued support we receive through our alumni

312-996-7879

and friends. To give please contact Ben Stickan at bstickan@uic.edu.

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Facts about the UIC College of Pharmacy

Established in 1859, the UIC College of Pharmacy stands as the oldest academic unit of the University of Illinois, one of the largest and most comprehensive research universities in the nation. The College enjoys a national reputation for excellence and is consistently ranked among the top colleges of pharmacy for research, scholarship, curriculum, and the quality of faculty and students.

Academics

Over 700 students are enrolled in the college’s PharmD program. In addition, approximately 140 students are enrolled in one of the college’s other graduate programs. Each year the college awards approximately 164 professional degrees, 19 master’s degrees and 27 doctorate degrees. The college offers the following degrees.

• • • •

Biopharmaceutical Science (PhD) Forensic Science (MS) Medicinal Chemistry (PhD) Pharmacognosy (PhD)

• • • •

Pharmacy (MS, PhD, PharmD) Pharmacy (PharmD) and Health Informatics (MS) Pharmacy (PharmD) and Business Administration (MBA) PharmD/PhD

Research

The College of Pharmacy ranks third among U.S. colleges of pharmacy receiving National Institutes of Health research funding. UIC’s researchers are internationally recognized leaders in alternative, complementary and traditional medicine; biotechnology and biodefense; cancer biology and therapeutics; drug discovery, develop¬ment and delivery; infectious diseases; natural products; neuroscience; patient safety; pharmacoeconomics; and pharmacogenomics.

International Presence

Academic institutions, research facilities and even governments seek out the expertise and opportunities for collaboration with the College. The works of pharmacy students, fellows and faculty members continue to influence and help advance the practice of pharmacy in worldwide locations such as Greece, Hong Kong, Iraq, Peru and Thailand. Meanwhile, international research collaborations, presentations and publications continuously add momentum to global drug discovery efforts.

Urban Advantage

Strategically located in the heart of the Illinois Medical District—the world’s largest concentration of advanced healthcare facilities—the College of Pharmacy provides unsurpassed educational and collaborative opportunities at nearby institutions, including the John H. Stroger Jr. Cook County Hospital, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, University of Illinois Medical Center, and Rush University Medical Center. Much like the multi-cultural population of Chicago, ethnic and racial majorities are non-existent among UIC pharmacy students. The College reflects the diverse composition of its host city as well as the UIC patients it serves.

UIC College of Pharmacy 833 S. Wood Street (MC 874) Chicago, Illinois 60612 Phone: (312) 996-7242 www.uic.edu/pharmacy

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Establishing Evidence and Value

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Design: Mike Steffgen, Next Level, LLC. Photography: Joshua Clark, Barry Donald 46