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Six Nations’ New Year’s baby is named Georgia 1045 Brant County Hwy 54 Ohsweken 519-770-3628
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Sweet little Georgia Marie Ella debuted at a very healthy 9 lbs. 3 ozs at 9:08 a.m. at Brantford General Hospital to mom Ellaya General and dad Rory Thomas. Georgia is SUBMITTED named after her mom and grandmother. She is the first baby for parents Ellaya and Rory.
Babies of 2025
Two Row Times is proud to offer all parents an opportunity to show off their little ones born in 2025 as part of our Babies of 2025 Special Feature. Cost: $40 e-transfers accepted to: info@tworowtimes.com | Due Jan., 30th at Noon Please send a full colour photo with your child’s name, birth information and parents names to: info@tworowtimes.com
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LOCAL
TWO ROW TIMES
January 7th, 2025
keeping you informed.
Six Nations’ New Year’s baby is also Brantford’s New Year’s baby DONNA DURIC
donna@tworowtimes.com
TWO ROW TIMES
It’s a girl! Six Nations’ newest citizen was also the first baby born in Brantford, making her arrival into the world all the more special! Sweet little Georgia Marie Ella debuted at a very
healthy 9 lbs. 3 ozs at 9:08 a.m. on New Years Day at Brantford General Hospital to mom Ellaya General and dad Rory Thomas. The baby’s great-grandmother Allison General said Georgia was expected to be a Christmas baby with a due date of Dec. 24 but instead, the family began pinning their hopes on a New Year’s baby.
“We were prepared,” said Allison. “(Mom) was due on Christmas. I went out and bought the baby a bunch of stuff. I did a bunch of shopping, thinking this was gong to be baby’s first Christmas but
this year will be the baby’s first Christmas.” Mom Ellaya is healthy at home and recovering well with the baby, said Allison. She had a smooth delivery, said Allison, but
the baby’s very healthy size meant none of the newborn clothes she bought for Georgia fit her great-granddaughter. The family also joked about Georgia’s arrival time and Ellaya’s labour,
saying they asked to wait until after midnight to have the baby. Georgia is named after her mom and grandmother. She is the first baby for parents Ellaya and Rory.
Prices in Effect January 8 - January 14, 2026
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$1.44/each
Wonder Bread or Buns
$2.50/each
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$12.95/each
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The Six Nations Mobile Crisis Services offers Texting crisis response. Texting is available Monday to Friday from 8:30am - 4:00pm. A person seeking crisis support through text will be connected with a Crisis Response Worker and receive messages through text.
IF YOU HAVE A FEVER, COUGH AND DIFFICULTY BREATHING, The SixSEEK Nations MobileCARE CrisisEARLY Services is a MEDICAL confidential service offering crisis Stay home if you feel unwell. If support to Six Nations of the Grand River. youfeatures have a fever, coughaand The new run through program difficulty breathing, seek medical which offers safe and encrypted attention and callconversations in advance. technology to keep confidential and secure.
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Mom Ellaya is healthy at home and recovering well with the baby, said Allison. She had a smooth delivery, said Allison, but the baby’s FILE very healthy size meant none of the newborn clothes she bought for Georgia fit her great-granddaughter.
TWO ROW TIMES
January 7th, 2025
R.I.D.E Programs during the holiday season STAFF REPORT
editor@tworowtimes.com
TWO ROW TIMES
OHSWEKEN - During the 2025 holiday season, the Six Nations Police conducted multiple Reduced Impaired Driving Everywhere (R.I.D.E) programs around the Six Nations of the Grand River Territory. A total of seven R.I.D.E programs were held between December 15th and December 31st, 2025. During those R.I.D.E programs, approximately 755 vehicles were checked through the program. Mul-
7 total RIDE programs were held between December 15th FILE and 31st.
tiple warnings were issued to individuals for not wearing a seatbelt. One individual was charged with Impaired Operation and Over 80. Due to the severe weather conditions
over the holiday season, officers also responded to motor vehicle collisions throughout the territory. Throughout 2026, the Six Nations Police will continue to prioritize enforcement and public education around impaired driving. All motorists are encouraged to plan and arrange for a safe ride home. Please don’t drive if you are going to consume alcohol, cannabis or any type of drug. Anyone who spots a suspected impaired driver is asked to immediately call the Six Nations Police at 519-445-2811 or 911.
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ONKWEHÓN:WE HEALTH CHECK-IN
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By Six Nations, For Six Nations
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TWO ROW TIMES
1919 citizen's opinion of Six Nations by The Expositor JIM WINDLE
jim@tworowtimes.com
TWO ROW TIMES
In a rebuke of its own publication, published in the May 23rd, 1919, Brantford Expositor there appeared an, anonymous article, entitled, ”Six Nations' Warriors Move for Change of Rule," which is viciously propagandist and which is based on a minimum of fact and a maximum of perverted information.” This reprint is not the opinion of myself nor this publication. “The burden of the article was to foster disunion and discord between the warriors, including the returned soldiers, and Council of Chiefs. It is not true 'historically that the original tract of land, six miles wide on each side the Grand River, was "given" to the Six Nations by the British Crown for their "services" in supporting Royalist cause in the war of the American Revolution. The fact is that this tract of land was granted
to the Six Nations as a partial compensation for the actual losses of their homes, orchards, growing crops of corn and their vast territories, and only incidentally for their "services." Before joining their forces with the British troops, officers of the British Crown promised them in the name of the King that the Six Nations should not lose anything, even should the American colonies win the impending war: and the chiefs of the Six Nations placed implicit faith in these promises. But when Great Britain had lost the, war "forgotten" and the their Crown's loyal allies minister's of the Six Nations in the terms of the treaty of peace with the American Government, the chiefs of the Six Nations, in the language of one of them, we were struck with astonishment at hearing we were ‘forgotten’ in the treaty So said Brant. In the treaty of November. 1782, ending the war of the American Revolution Great Britain made no stipulation in
behalf of |her Indian allies notwithstanding "their constancy, their valour. the readiness with which they had spilt their blood, and the distinguished services of Captain Brant; the loyal Six Nations were not mentioned in the terms of the treaty, although the ancient country of the. Six Nations was included within the boundary surrendered to the American Government. This Royal ingratitude was the more marked because when the Mohawks first 'abandoned their valley to embark, in the cause of Great Britain, Sir Guy Carleton had given a pledge that as soon as the war ended their country, if lost or devastated, would be fully restored at the expense of the Crown. This pledge was confirmed in 1779 by General Haldimand the Captain General and Commander-in-Chief in Canada, pledging himself.” Given that the original name for the Expositor was the Conservative Expositor, this should not be unexpected.
January 7th, 2025
GRCA downgrades Brantford Flood Warning as mild, wet weather raises ongoing risks STAFF REPORT
editor@tworowtimes.com
TWO ROW TIMES
The Grand River Conservation Authority (GRCA) has terminated its Flood Warning for Brantford, originally issued on Saturday, January 3, and replaced it with a Flood Watch for the city, alongside a Watershed Conditions Statement – Flood Outlook for the remainder of the Grand River watershed. Temperatures across the watershed rose above freezing on Tuesday, January 6, accompanied by rain and freezing rain. The GRCA says a continued stretch of mild and wet weather is expected later this week, with two additional weather systems forecast to move through the region. Widespread rain and warmer temperatures are anticipated on Friday, January 9, and Saturday, January 10, which are likely to increase runoff. With snowpack
levels at or above seasonal norms, some melting is expected in the middle and lower portions of the watershed as rain and mild conditions persist. Despite the downgrade, elevated water levels remain a concern in Brantford due to ice in the Grand River. Municipal flood coordinators have been advised to maintain monitoring and take necessary precautions. Low-lying areas, including trails through Gilkison Flats, remain flooded as a result of sustained high water levels. Across the broader watershed, the GRCA is warning that warmer temperatures combined with rainfall could cause ice on frozen rivers and water bodies to break up. Moving ice increases the risk of ice jams in slower sections of rivers, which may lead to localized flooding. Municipal flood coordinators are being urged to monitor known ice-jam locations closely
over the coming days. To help manage runoff and reduce downstream flooding, the GRCA will continue operating its major reservoirs, including those at Belwood, Conestogo, Guelph, Luther, Woolwich, Laurel, and Shade’s Mills. The GRCA is also emphasizing public safety, warning that high flows and unstable ice significantly increase the risk around rivers and streams. Residents are urged to stay well back from watercourses, keep children and pets away from rivers, and avoid ice-covered water bodies entirely due to unsafe conditions. River conditions and weather forecasts will continue to be monitored closely, and additional flood messages will be issued if necessary. The current Flood Watch and Watershed Conditions Statement remain in effect until 12 p.m. on Monday, January 12, 2026.
Hoop dancing lessons in Toronto The Chimera Project Dance Theatre is inviting dance artists to join our third Hoop Dancing Intensive Workshop on January 12th to 16th, 2026 at Artists' Play in Toronto! Experience the power, discipline, and beauty of Indigenous Hoop Dancing with the incredible Arik Pipestem. A proud member of the Tsuut’ina Nation, Arik is an internationally acclaimed hoop dancer, choreographer, and performer. His work fuses traditional powwow styles with contemporary and hip-hop influences, bringing fresh imagination to an ancient art form. There is no prior hoop dancing experience necessary - all dance artists and movers are welcome to attend. Date: January 12–16, 2026 Location: Artists' Play Dance & Circus Arts, 388
Carlaw Ave unit 205, Toronto, ON M4M 2T4
OPEN WORKSHOPS: Time: each day from 10 AM - 12 PM - no experience necessary Learn technique, momentum, weaving, choreography & improvisation Cost: $150 for the week or $30 drop-in fee
MENTORSHIP PROGRAM: We are offering a MENTORSHIP PROGRAM (10 AM - 12 PM + 1 - 5 PM) This is a paid, by-application opportunity for dancers seeking deeper engagement in this amazing artistry. The Mentorship Program will provide in-depth training with Arik & company artists, training in company repertoire with creative exploration & choreography time
Honorarium: $1,000 per week (based on attendance) A limited amount of scholarships to attend the full-day mentorships program is available in the event mentorship spots are filled. Please fill out the application form and select “scholarship application” as an option. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: • Hoop movement fundamentals & artistry • Advanced hoop skills for experienced dancers • Proper protocols & cultural care • Hoop building, repair & maintenance • Choreographed routines + improvisation tools All materials will be provided. Workshops are tailored to all skill levels.
TWO ROW TIMES
January 7th, 2025
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New Indigenous supplier launches in Southern Ontario to take on bigbox retail and keep spending in Canada DONNA DURIC
donna@tworowtimes.com
TWO ROW TIMES
A Six Nations business is taking on retail giants like Amazon and Walmart right here in our backyard. Six Nations Supply Co., has announced its launch and promises to bring everyday purchasing back to Canada and closer to home. Selling everything from furniture to cleaning products to break room supplies, Six Nations Supply Co. Is aiming to solve a number of economic woes both locally and nationally. As governments and corporations commit to increasing Indigenous procurement and reducing reliance on foreign supply chains, Six Nations Supply Co. is stepping forward to give buyers a new choice — one that supports Canadian jobs, Indigenous entrepreneurship, and community prosperity, the company says.
“We’re challenging the idea that the only way to get good value is to buy from a big U.S. retailer,” says Lyle Hill, Founder of Six Nations Supply Co. “Organizations can now source everything they need — office supplies, industrial equipment, cleaning products, technology — from an Indigenous-owned Canadian company that reinvests right here in our economy.” The company’s launch comes amid growing national attention on economic leakage — the billions of dollars that leave communities and the country through purchases made from U.S.-based giants like Staples, Grand & Toy, Uline, Grainger, and Amazon. By redirecting that spend, Six Nations Supply Co. aims to strengthen local business ecosystems and demonstrate how procurement can be a tool for reconciliation and economic renewal. “Every dollar spent
Selling everything from furniture to cleaning products to break room supplies, Six Nations Supply FILE Co. Is aiming to solve a number of economic woes both locally and nationally.
locally has a multiplier effect,” said Hill. “It means more jobs, more entrepreneurship, and more resilience — not just for Indigenous communities, but for Canada as a whole.” Through a new online platform, Six Nations Supply Co. offers access to more than 100,000 products, which it bills
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Now Accepting Applications Closing Date: January 16, 2026 Job Summary:
As the most senior member of the Ogwadeni:deo Management Team and as the “local director” under the Ontario Child, Youth & Family Services Act (CYFSA), the Executive Director provides leadership to the Senior Management Team in ensuring a strong service vision; developing standards, policies and procedures consistent with the agency’s mission. The Executive Director is responsible for ensuring a culturally appropriate, efficient, effective and accountable Child and Youth Protection Program, operated within the parameters set out in Ogwadeni:deo Framework Policy, the agency Code of Practice while complying with all relevant legislative and regulatory requirements.
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Questions? Contact us at 519-445-1864 Visit us: www.ogwadenideotco.org
as “competitively priced, making it easy for businesses, schools, and government offices to source the supplies they already buy — now with measurable impact.” The launch is supported by eSupply Canada, a First Nations–owned national distributor that provides the technology and distri-
bution network behind the storefront. The partnership allows Six Nations Supply Co. to compete directly with multinational suppliers while maintaining full Indigenous ownership and control. “This is what reconciliation in action looks like,” said Steven Vanloffeld,
CEO of eSupply Canada. “Indigenous businesses like Six Nations Supply Co. are showing that economic sovereignty isn’t just about opportunity — it’s about ownership.” Six Nations Supply Co. offers office, janitorial, industrial, and technology products through its online storefront, www.sixnationssupplyco.ca. Its mission is to help local organizations buy Canadian, buy Indigenous, and make their everyday purchasing count toward stronger communities and a stronger country, the company says. Its distributor, eSupply Canada, is a First Nations– owned national distributor of business and industrial supplies. Its “Procurement with Purpose” platform powers a growing network of Indigenous-owned affiliates, helping rebuild local supply chains. The company has an online shopping cart and delivers within one to three business days.
RAISING RESILIENCE
Empowering Your Highly Sensitive Child
Jan. 19, 2026 5:30-7:00pm GREAT Classroom #102 Join Chantal Blackshaw, a Mental Health Clinician, for a virtual presentation, focused on strategies to help highly sensitive children thrive both at home and in school. Attendees can enjoy light refreshments and the opportunity to win prizes. Zero cost event. Register by Jan. 12, 2026 Call Chantal: (519) 751-6778 Email: cblackshaw@sixnations.ca Six Nations Social Services, Child & Family Services, Clinical Services Unit
Connect & Follow:
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OPINION
TWO ROW TIMES
January 7th, 2025
editor@tworowtimes.com
How the Six Nations litigation can misframe Mohawk title at Grand River
By Benjamin Doolittle UE
The ongoing litigation advanced by the Six Nations Band of Indians, through named litigants Lonnie Bomberry and Phil Montour, is often described as a way to resolve historic land grievances along the Grand River. That description is incomplete. It merges different legal questions into one storyline and, in doing so, hides a more serious issue: the Grand River settlement is being treated like a normal domestic “land claim,” when the governing instruments point to something different—an existing constitutional obligation tied to an acquired-territory settlement and a Crown promise directed to Mohawk Loyalist posterity. This is not mainly a debate about whether land administration went wrong. It is a debate about what the Haldimand instruments are, who they were made for, what they require, and whether Canada can repackage those duties into policy processes that were never built to address this kind of undertaking. How the matter is framed determines what follows. If the Haldimand Proclamation is treated as just another claim file, the remedy becomes negotiable and discretionary: negotiations, settlement packages, staged timelines, and delay. If it is treated as an existing duty already inside Canada’s constitutional structure, the remedy is different: clarity, recognition, and compliance with what was already promised. How the “claims process” displaced the original question
The early effort to press Mohawk land questions did not begin inside Canada’s later comprehensive claims framework. It began through discussions between Mohawk leaders and ministers in the House of Parliament, when Canada had no settled mechanism to deal with the Haldimand instruments. Mohawk leadership, including Mel Hill (then a chief), worked with advocates such as Mad Bear Anderson to bring attention to the issue and to press for a principled resolution grounded in the original Crown undertakings. Early legal counsel was deliberately sought outside Canada. Mohawk leadership retained Gobiatchi, a lawyer from the United States, because he was seen as independent from Canadian institutions. He took the position that hiring Canadian counsel at the outset risked a built-in conflict, since Canada was the party whose obligations were being questioned. When the strategy later shifted and Canadian counsel was retained, Gobiatchi ended his representation. Before stepping away, he helped advance the matter by arranging communications and meetings connected to federal ministers, raising the issue’s profile when Canada still lacked a clear legal path to address it. Those early letters, meetings, and representations were later compiled into a volume commonly known in the community as The Red Book, formally titled The Claims of the Mohawk Nation of Grand River. It captures how the issue was presented to Canada before modern
claims programs took shape. A reprinted edition has been prepared to improve public access and will be hosted alongside this article on SixMilesDeep.com so readers can review that record directly. Despite those efforts, Mohawks were repeatedly encouraged to keep sharing ideas while Canada developed a process—and to wait while that machinery was built. Years passed without a meaningful resolution. When Canada later introduced comprehensive and specific claims systems, those mechanisms were designed mainly to address breaches of fiduciary duty, reserve administration problems, and unlawful dispossession under Canadian law. They were not designed to decide a foundational question about the constitutional character of an acquired-territory settlement. Nor were they built to test standing for a defined beneficiary group tied to Loyalist-era instruments. Nonetheless, Six Nations elected leadership proceeded to file a large number of claims, with research work substantially advanced by Phil Montour. That research may help document misconduct and mismanagement. But it does not answer the deeper question. The core issue is not only how land administration failed. The core issue is what the Crown pledged, to whom it was pledged, and what legal effect Canada’s later confirmation had. The Haldimand instruments as part of Canada’s constitutional foundation The Haldimand Proc-
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lamation is not a normal deed and not a standard reserve creation. It describes an acquired-territory settlement tied to Mohawk Loyalist posterity and framed as an exclusive-use undertaking. When Canada formed and later operated within a constitutional structure, it confirmed the Haldimand instruments to uphold the honour of the Crown and to pledge the faith of government to the Mohawk people on a perpetual basis. In plain terms, confirmation matters because it turns a promise into a continuing duty. It means the obligation does not live only in history or politics. It lives inside the rules Canada relies on to claim legitimacy today. Canada cannot reasonably rely on the benefits of sovereignty while treating a foundational undertaking as optional, “policy-based,” or indefinitely postponable. If the Haldimand Proclamation is embedded at the foundation of the relationship, then the question is not whether Canada will someday design a remedy. The question is whether Canada will honour what it already undertook. “Exclusive use and enjoyment” is not the same as a modern collective-rights model A recurring mistake in public discussion is to treat the Grand River settlement as a general “collective rights” issue in the modern sense. The Haldimand instruments, read on their own terms, do not operate that way. Using a straightforward “Four Corners” approach— reading the instrument by what it says, not by what later systems wish it said—
the language points to a defined posterity: Mohawk Loyalists and those properly within that beneficiary designation. The phrase “such others,” in ordinary legal usage, does not automatically expand the beneficiary class without limit. It commonly refers to people outside the core undertaking, not a tool for overriding a named beneficiary structure. This matters because standing cannot simply be assumed through modern administrative membership systems that were not created to identify Mohawk Loyalist posterity. A membership system may serve governance and program purposes. It does not, by itself, prove the lineage-based beneficiary status that a hereditary designation requires. Numbered treaties, the Simcoe Patent, and why rejection still matters Canada’s numbered treaties are a post-Confederation system. They developed after 1867 as domestic instruments used to facilitate settlement and resource development, especially in the West. They are not the legal world of 1784. One early instrument often mentioned in Grand River discussions is the Simcoe Patent. Whatever label is applied to it, the key point is simple: it was rejected at the time because it failed to secure exclusive use and enjoyment. Its structure moved the land toward marketability—toward division and transfer in ways that weaken exclusive possession. The Haldimand Proclamation was preferred precisely because it did not
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do that. That historical choice still matters. It clarifies what kind of arrangement was accepted and what kind was refused. The issue is not “any document will do.” The issue is the nature of the commitment: exclusive use and enjoyment versus arrangements that allow the land to be treated like market property. Objection, non-consent, and why intervention was not the right tool In my capacity as Secretary-General of the Mohawk Nation of Grand River, formal objections were issued to the Six Nations Band of Indians litigation and to the assumptions of representative capacity associated with it. Notices of non-consent were also sent to the litigants and relevant entities. These objections were categorical: Mohawk hereditary interests and Mohawk Loyalist posterity do not concede representation through a membership-based collective framework that is not built to prove the beneficiary designation at issue. This is not just a political disagreement. It has direct legal consequences. In 2024, I raised a constitutional challenge directed to the Crown and sought a declaration recognizing the Mohawk Nation of Grand River’s exclusive use and enjoyment under the Haldimand Proclamation. The court declined to grant that declaration while a similar declaration was being sought in the Six Nations litigation. In practice, once a collective lawsuit seeks “exclusive use and enjoyment,” other pathways are treated as overlapping or prema-
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January 7th, 2025
TWO ROW TIMES
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January 7th, 2025
CONTINUED FROM PAGE 6
ture—even where the instruments and standing theories differ. This is why the Mohawk Nation of Grand River chose not to intervene. Intervention does not force a case to be reframed. Interveners generally speak within the frame already set by the main parties. They do not control pleadings, do not run the
case, and cannot compel proof of standing in the way a principal party can. Seeking intervener status can also be misunderstood as conceding legitimacy to the framework. Maintaining autonomy preserves the ability to address the constitutional character of the Haldimand instruments directly, without being absorbed
into a structure that, by default, treats the matter as a collective land-claims dispute. What is actually at stake The issue before the courts and the public is not only whether Canada will honour a pre-existing constitutional obligation or reduce it to a negotiable claim. It is whether this relationship will be
governed by law or by arbitrariness—by procedural shortcuts that treat fundamentally different things as if they were the same. Protection against arbitrariness is not abstract. Article 15 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirms the right to a nationality and prohibits arbitrary deprivation of it. Treating the Mohawk
Nation of Grand River as interchangeable with an administrative band structure collapses two distinct legal concepts and risks erasing nationhood through process rather than through any lawful decision. A nation and an administrative body are not equivalents. They draw authority from different
Notice of Study Completion Preliminary Design and Class Environmental Assessment Study Highway 401 and Waterloo Regional Road 97 (Cedar Creek Road) Underpass Replacement and Interchange Improvements Regional Municipality of Waterloo (GWP 3055-11-00) THE PROJECT The Ministry of Transportation, Ontario (MTO) retained Dillon Consulting Limited to conduct a Preliminary Design and Class Environmental Assessment (EA) Study for an underpass replacement and interchange improvements to Waterloo Regional Road 97 (Cedar Creek Road) and Highway 401, located approximately 5 kilometres northeast of Ayr in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo. The Cedar Creek Road Underpass, initially constructed in 1960, is now reaching the end of its service life and the purpose of the study was to evaluate options to replace the underpass and complete intersection upgrades to accommodate the new structure. Following the evaluation of several alternatives, a Recommended Plan has been developed to address current operational needs and to accommodate the future widening of Highway 401. The Recommended Plan consists of the construction of a new replacement interchange structure at the intersection of Highway 401 and Cedar Creek Road, a realignment of Cedar Creek Road to the west of the existing roadway, and the construction of a new commuter parking lot. THE PROCESS The study followed the approved environmental planning process for Group ‘B’ projects under the MTO Class Environmental Assessment for Provincial Transportation Facilities and Municipal Expressways (2024) (the Class EA). A Transportation Environmental Study Report (TESR) has been prepared to document the environmental assessment process and preliminary design work completed. The TESR includes information regarding existing conditions, consultation undertaken, alternatives development and evaluation/selection, the Recommended Plan with design implementation details, and a summary of environmental issues, potential mitigation measures, and commitments to future works. The purpose of this notice is to notify that the TESR will be available for a 30-day comment period on the project website at www.Hwy401CedarCreekBridge.ca, beginning on January 14, 2026, and ending on February 13, 2026. COMMENTS The Project Team welcomes any feedback you may have regarding the TESR and study. Please submit your comments and/or concerns in writing using the comment form available on the Contact the Project Team page located on the project website, or by contacting one of the individuals listed below by February 13, 2026. Leslie Diaz Jarma Project Manager Ministry of Transportation, Ontario 659 Exeter Road London, ON N6E 1L3 tel: 226-219-8591 e-mail: Leslie.DiazJarma@ontario.ca Elizabeth Bonucchi, P.Eng., Deputy Project Manager Dillon Consulting Limited 1329 Gardiners Road Suite 1-A Kingston, ON K7P 0L8 tel: 613-546-2097 ext. 3007 e-mail: CedarCreekBridge@dillon.ca THIS NOTICE FIRST PUBLISHED JANUARY 7, 2026.
REQUESTS TO THE MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT, CONSERVATION AND PARKS Individuals may submit a request to the Minister of the Environment, Conservation and Parks for an order requiring a higher level of study (i.e. requiring an individual/comprehensive environmental assessment approval before being able to proceed), or that conditions be imposed (e.g. require further studies). This request can only be submitted on the grounds that the order may prevent, mitigate, or remedy adverse impacts on constitutionally protected Aboriginal and treaty rights. Requests on other grounds will not be considered. Requests should include the requester contact information and full name for the ministry. Requests should specify what kind of order is being requested (request for additional conditions or a request for a comprehensive environmental assessment), how an order may prevent, mitigate, or remedy those potential adverse impacts, and any information in support of the statements in the request. The request should be sent in writing or by email to the following with a copy to the Ministry of Transportation Project Manager as listed on the left: Minister of the Environment, Conservation and Parks Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Parks 777 Bay Street, 5th Floor Toronto, ON M7A 2J3 e-mail: minister.mecp@ontario.ca
Director Environmental Assessment Branch Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Parks 135 St. Clair Ave. W, 1st Floor Toronto, ON M4V 1P5 e-mail: EABDirector@ontario.ca
If you have any accessibility requirements in order to participate in this study, please contact one of the Project Team members as listed on the left. Information collected will be used in accordance with the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act. With the exception of personal information, all comments will become part of the public record and may be included in study documentation.
sources, occupy different legal positions, and cannot cancel one another by implication. Folding Mohawk national standing into litigation framed around an elected band structure is not a neutral procedural choice. It is a shortcut that sidelines Mohawk autonomy instead of addressing it directly. For the Mohawk Nation of Grand River, what is at stake is survival and continuity: the right to exist as a nation within its own domain, the right to the lands pledged under the Haldimand settlement, and the right to recover those lands in accordance with law. That recovery is not about compensation alone. It includes restored jurisdiction, recognized title, and correction of property arrangements created in violation of a known constitutional obligation. The Haldimand Pledge and Proclamation did not promise a future negotiation. They confirmed a status grounded in alliance, loyalty, and territorial security. That act was not provisional. It was done. What is also at stake is the honour of the Crown. If foundational undertakings can be reinterpreted until they no longer bind, then honour becomes rhetoric rather than a constitutional constraint. Reconciliation is implicated as well. Truth and reconciliation cannot coexist with selective memory. The Grand River lands were set apart under a constitutional undertaking that has never been lawfully extinguished. Reconciliation cannot mean asking Mohawks to forget that fact for the sake of convenience. The Haldimand settlement was not about a payout. It was about a promised land. Nearly 250 years have passed under that agreement. What is at stake now is whether the Mohawk Nation of Grand River will be allowed to endure under the terms pledged, or whether it will be gradually dissolved into frameworks that deny its original standing. That is what is at stake.
TWO ROW TIMES
January 7th, 2025
Wednesday is National Tempura Day JACE KOBLUN
jace@tworowtimes.com
TWO ROW TIMES
On January 7, National Tempura Day encourages us to celebrate with dishes made with a tempura batter. This Japanese fare includes either seafood or vegetables dipped in batter and deep-fried. Where did tempura originate? No one really knows. What we do know is that back in 1549, Portuguese sailors arrived in Japan and introduced a way of battering and frying food that is now infused into the culture. Today, chefs all over the world include tempura dishes on their menus. They use a wide variety of different batters and ingredients, including nontraditional broccoli, zucchini, and asparagus. Chefs also dip dry fruits in a tempura batter. In addition, some
Tempura.
FILE
American restaurants serve chicken and cheeses, particularly mozzarella, in a tempura style. How to observe What is your favourite way to enjoy tempura? Mix up your best tempura recipes. When you do, let your friends and family be your taste testers. Try out a new recipe. Have some tempura and use #NationalTempuraDay to post on social media. National Tempura Day History While the origins of the day are yet to be discovered, thousands of people
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AFN supports submitted plan for child and family services reform
still occasionally heat up some oil and mix up some batter and dip into the research. Tempura FAQ Q. What temperature should oil be for tempura? A. The oil should be between 350F and 360F. When you add food to the oil, the temperature will drop, so only add a few pieces at a time so that the oil recovers quickly. Oil that is too cool will be absorbed more quickly into the food, resulting in soggy tempura. Q. What happens if the oil is too hot? A. Oil that is too hot will cause the batter to burn. So, it's important to monitor the oil temperature. Q. What oil should be used for tempura? A. Vegetable oils with a high smoking point, such as corn, peanut, safflower, or the most popular for tempura, canola.
JACE KOBLUN
jace@tworowtimes.com
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Assembly of First Nations (AFN) National Chief Cindy Woodhouse Nepinak expressed support for the plan submitted on Dec. 22, 2025, by the National Children’s Chiefs Commission (NCCC) and the First Nations Child and Family Caring Society (Caring Society) to the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal on long-term reform of First Nations Child and Family Services (FNCFS). The AFN is a national political and advocacy organization that works to advance the collective aspirations of First Nations individuals and communities across Canada on matters of national or international nature and concern. “Nothing is more important than our chil-
dren,” said Nepinak. “And we want the government to place the same priority on First Nations children as we do. Today is the latest step in a long, toolong, drawn-out process. It’s time to take real action on comprehensive reform to ensure justice, fairness, safety and security for First Nations children.” On Aug. 20, 2025, the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal (CHRT) issued order 2025 CHRT 80, calling on the AFN and other parties to the CHRT proceedings on discrimination in the FNCFS – including the federal government – to consult with First Nations leadership and experts to develop and submit a national plan to inform the CHRT’s decision-making on reform of FNCFS. First Nations-in-Assembly mandated the NCCC to lead consultation and negotiations towards a
final agreement on FNCFS reform. Alongside the national plan, the AFN submission supports a region-by-region approach to long-term reform. The AFN Executive is united in its support for the Ontario Final Agreement and calls on Canada to support the release of funding without further delay. “Now that the plans are submitted, AFN will review them and assess next steps,” said Nepinak. “We hope there are strong commonalities that value our children because our preference is to work collaboratively with the government. But make no mistake – we will continue to fight for our children if we have to. I thank the National Children’s Chiefs Commission and the Caring Society for their work to develop a national plan under challenging timelines.”
A 10-day experience that illuminates the beauty and fragility of our planet. 30 JAN–8 FEB
SKéN:NEN BY KAHA:WI DANCE THEATRE
FRI 30 JAN Photo: Rita Taylor, Banff Centre 2024
Art In Action: Climate is a 10-day experience exploring our changing planet through immersive media, cinema, live performance, symposia, youth participation, culinary and wine experiences, and arts partner events across Niagara. Anchored by Edward Burtynsky’s powerful multimedia work In the Wake of Progress, expect moving performances, striking imagery, and conversations that turn inspiration into action. Opening night features Kaha:wi Dance Theatre’s SKéN:NEN—an immersive dance performance rooted in cultural knowledge and Indigenous resilience. Follow a young Kahnyen’kehàka girl’s journey as she remembers her rites of passage and learns from the earth.
Art In Action is presented by the FirstOntario Performing Arts Centre in Downtown St. Catharines. Find a full list of events and get tickets at
ArtInActionNiagara.ca
DOWNTOWN ST. CATHARINES
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January 7th, 2025
JULIAN & TAYLOR Songs & Stories TOGETHER ON TOUR
Julian Taylor & Logan Staats bringing an incredible night of songs and stories to the Sanderson Centre stage on January 16th.
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January 7th, 2025
Niagara storytelling STAFF REPORT
editor@tworowtimes.com
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The Niagara Academy for Indigenous Relations (NAIR) and Niagara Geopark have entered into a formal Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) establishing a long-term partnership to ensure Indigenous knowledge, voices, and perspectives are authentically represented across all Niagara Geopark programs, initiatives and communications. NAIR is an Indigenous-led, not-for-profit organization dedicated to strengthening public understanding of Indigenous history, culture, and pivotal relationships that emerged within Niagara, while examining traditions of reconciliation that build upon the strengths of previous accomplishments while acknowledging current challenges. Niagara Geopark is a Canadian registered edu-
cational charity working to inspire stewardship, inclusivity, and a deeper connection to the Earth by celebrating Niagara’s unique geoheritage and cultural histories, as it advances the Region’s bid for designation as a UNESCO Global Geopark. The MOU formalizes a shared commitment to collaboration, accuracy, and respect. The partnership is grounded in shared principles that include respect for Indigenous cultures, rights, histories, and knowledge systems, as well as a commitment to ensuring Indigenous, geographical and archaeological content is presented accurately, responsibly, and collaboratively. Central to the agreement are co-creation, scientific and historical integrity, Indigenous knowledge, ethics, and a shared commitment to truth, reconciliation, and long-term relationship-building.
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Bobblehead Day 2026 JACE KOBLUN
jace@tworowtimes.com
TWO ROW TIMES
Each year on January, National Bobblehead Day recognizes a day of celebration for all spring-connected head bobbing figurines. For more than 100 years, bobbleheads have been entertaining and fascinating fans and collectors. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes, too. Bobbleheads commemorate iconic teams, movies, and cartoon characters. Individually, they represent some of our most exciting athletes or thrilling television and movie characters. Early bobbleheads, known as bobbers or nodders, developed from Germany. They took root in the United States pop culture in the 1950s and ‘60s. Bobbleheads resurged in the late 1990s when professional sports teams began using them
The bobblehead.
FILE
as promotional items. Today, as toys and collectibles, bobbleheads continue to amuse and captivate us. How to observe National Bobblehead Day National Bobblehead Day is the perfect opportunity to explore the world of bobbleheads. - Share your favorite bobblehead, or collect a new one! - Give the gift of a bobblehead to someone you know. - Learn something new about bobblehead history. - Visit the National Bob-
blehead Hall of Fame and Museum. - Use #NationalBobbleheadDay to post on social media. National Bobblehead Day History The National Bobblehead Hall of Fame and Museum submitted National Bobblehead Day in December 2014. On November 18, 2014, the National Bobblehead Hall of Fame and Museum was also announced. The museum opened in 2016 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and houses the world’s most extensive collection of bobbleheads. The museum houses a hall of fame honouring the best bobbleheads and exhibits related to the history and making of bobbleheads. The Registrar at National Day Calendar proclaimed the National Bobblehead Day in 2014 to be observed annually on January 7. Bobblehead FAQ
Q. Are bobbleheads only sports figures and mascots? A. No. Today, bobbleheads represent pop culture, politics, sports, and history. In addition, custom bobbleheads can be made in your own likeness. Q. Is a bobblehead the same as a wobbler? A. Yes. The bobblehead goes by a variety of names including wobbler and nodder. Q. Do bobbleheads do anything else besides... bobble? A. Yes. Some of them include prerecorded messages. Press the button to find out what the bobblehead has to say. Q. Are bobbleheads collectible? A. Yes. Some bobbleheads can be quite collectible. Their value may be determined by the subject, quality, popularity, and how many were produced.
Success driven programs and expert faculty. That’s ncLIFE.
niagaracollege.ca/nclife
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Position
Employer/Location
January 7th, 2025
Term
Salary
Closing Date
SIX NATIONS COUNCIL Registered Dietitian Child & Youth Health, Wellbeing Full-Time Contract (12 months) $38.68-$48.35/hour Until Filled Restorative Justice Worker Justice, Nation Building Full-Time Contract (12 months) $31.43/hour Until Filled Kanikonriio Advisor Youth Life Promotions Kanikonriio Child & Youth Program, Social Services Full-Time $52,900 - $66,200/year Minimum Until Filled School Counselling & Support Worker Kanikonriio Youth Life Promotions, Social Services Full-Time $38.68/hour Until Filled Community Health Survey Project Assistant Data Analytics & Insights Full-Time Contract $23.08/hour January 14, 2026 Finance Assistant Finance, Core Services Full-Time $46,300/year January 14, 2026 Benefits Partner Human Resources, Core Services Full-Time $75,000/year January 14, 2026 Cook Iroquois Lodge, Wellbeing Part-Time $27.20/hour January 14, 2026 Cultural Training Coordinator Administration, Wellbeing Part-Time Contract (6 months) $31.43/hour January 14, 2026 Mental Wellness Clinical Lead Mental Wellness, Wellbeing Full-Time Contract (12 months) $38.68-$48.35/hour January 14, 2026 Occupational Therapist Assistant Child and Youth Health, Wellbeing Full-Time Contract (12 months) $27.20/hour January 14, 2026 Gladue Aftercare Worker Justice, Nation Building Full-Time Contract $57,200/year Minimum January 14, 2026 Children’s Mental Health Worker Youth Life Promotions, Social Services Full-Time $57,200/year Minimum January 14, 2026 Admin Assistant Child and Family Services, Social Services Full-Time $46,300/year January 14, 2026 Youth in Transition Worker Social Admin, Social Services Full-Time $49,500/year January 14, 2026 Peacemaker Officer Justice, Nation Building Full-Time Contract $63,200/year January 14, 2026 Mental Health Clinician Child and Family Clinical Services, Social Services Full-Time $70,400 - $88,000/year January 14, 2026 JSC Personal Support Worker Home and Community Care, Wellbeing Full-Time $23.96/hour January 14, 2026 JSC Personal Support Worker Home and Community Care, Wellbeing Part-Time $23.96/hour January 14, 2026 Financial Assistant Finance, Core Services Full-Time $46,300/year Minimum January 14, 2026 Executive Assistant Housing, Built Environment Full-Time $49,500/year Minimum January 14, 2026 Indigenous Community Worker Youth Life Promotions, Social Services Full-Time Contract $57,200/year Minimum January 14, 2026 Data Entry Clerk Community, Social Services Full-Time Contract $46,300/year Minimum January 14, 2026 Primary Prevention Worker Child and Family, Social Services Full-Time $49,500/year Minimum January 14, 2026 SIX NATIONS AND NEW CREDIT Licensed Technician Isaacs Automotive Full-Time TBD Until Filled Evaluation & Impact Officer- Programs & Events Indspire Contract $34.50-$42.50/hour Until Filled Data Analyst- Data Integration & Dashboard Preparation Indspire Contract $44.50-$54.50/hour Until Filled Research Assistants- Infographic Production Support Indspire Contract $28-$32/hour Until Filled Researcher- Education & Labour Market Indspire Contract $37.50-$48.50/hour Until Filled Researcher- Impact Framework & Indspire Contract $37.50-$48.50/hour Until Filled Knowledge Mobilization Ogwadeni:deo Part-Time TBD Until Filled Casual Case Aide 2 Ogwadeni:deo Full-Time TBD Until Filled Child Protection Worker – Family/Intake/ Ogwadeni:deo Full-Time TBD Until Filled Children In Care Casual Custodian Kawenni:io/Gaweni:yo School Casual $22/hour Until Filled Beyond the Bell - Program Instructor YMCA Part-Time $18.71/hour Until Filled Executive Administrative Assistant Grand River Employment and Training Inc. (GRETI) Full-Time TBD Until Filled Early Years Teacher Assistant Everlasting Tree School Full-Time TBD January 5, 2026 Finance Manager (Controller) Ontario First Nations Technical Services Corporation Full-Time TBD January 9, 2026 January 16, 2026 Finance Clerk II Ontario First Nations Technical Services Corporation Full-Time TBD Executive Director Ogwadeni:deo Full-Time TBD January 16, 2026 The GREAT Job Board is brought to you by Service Canada. Only local positions are posted in the paper. For more positions in the surrounding area, visit our job board at www.greatsn.com! To apply for funding, book your intake appointment with an ETC by calling 519-445-2222 (Toll-Free long distance at 1-888 218-8230 or email us at info@greatsn.com. Job descriptions are available at GREAT Weekdays... Monday through Friday from 8:30-4:30pm 16 Sunrise Court, Ohsweken
Phone: 519.445.2222 Fax: 519.445.4777 Toll Free: 1.888.218.8230 www.greatsn.com
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ATTN:
13 JANUARY 7TH, 2026
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Obituaries
George Geoffery “Jeff” Bomberry July 21, 1967 - January 2, 2026 It is with profound sadness that we announce the sudden passing of George Geoffery “Jeff” Bomberry on January 2, 2026, at the age of 58.
Jeff is lovingly remembered by his children, Elix, Hayli (Craig), Heather, and Geordie. He was a devoted and proud Papa to his cherished grandchildren, Avee, Caden, and Eliana. Big brother to Steph (Kevin), Robert “Dude” (Bec), Jeremy “Jeet” (Amy), Georgette “Yode” (Patrick), and his beloved “brother,” Johnny (Lori). He was also a much-loved uncle to Matt (Katie), Ryan (Jago), Chris (Savannah), Baylee (Taylor), Darrien, Ashtyn, Jorja, Rachel, Ashley (Jake), Jason (Luisa), and Jack. Jeff was a proud father, a doting Papa, and a devoted supporter of his nieces’ and nephews’ sporting events. He found peace and comfort on the water, particularly while fishing the Grand River on his boat. Jeff will be deeply missed by his friends and extended family at Two Doors. His children and family take comfort in knowing that he has been reunited with Gram and Papa. Resting at 1908 2nd Line Sunday evening. Public visiting at Hyde and Mott Chapel on Monday after 11am, where Funeral service will be held on Tuesday January 6, 2026 at 11am. www.rhbanderson.com
Obituaries
Harvey Elliott 94, passed into the arms of his creator on January 2, 2026. Father of Sharon, Mary, Rebecca, Michelle, Lesa, predeceased by Lynda McRae, and Ron, stepdad to Pam. Also survived by 15 grandchildren, 18 great grandchildren and two sisters Vera Capton and Clara Williams and several nieces and nephews. Predeceased by his wife Edwina Lee, his parents Norman and Florence Elliott, brothers Isaac, Tom, Jesse, Manuel, Welby (Sandy), sister’s Adeline Isaacs and Mary Elliott.
The family will honour his life with visitation at Styres Funeral Home, 1798 4th Line Ohsweken on Wednesday from 2-7pm. Funeral service will be held at the funeral home on Thursday January 8, 2026 at 1pm. Burial to follow Arrangement by Styres Funeral Home. www.rhbanderson.com
14 DECEMBER 31ST, 2025
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ATTN:
January 7th, 2025
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Obituaries
Obituaries
HESS: Cynthia “Cindy” Juanita February 10, 1975 - December 27, 2025
It is with great sadness that we announce the peaceful passing of Josephine Sandy, in her 84th winter. Otahyo:nih niyagosyao’de:, Gayogoho:no niyagohwejode:. Born November 30th, 1941 at Lady Wellingdon Hospital, Hodinohsyo:nih Territory. Daughter of the late Cassie(Hill) & Oliver Jacobs. Eldest sibling to Norma, Robert, Charlotte, Susan & sister-in-law Michelle. Medicine friend to Chad. Loving mother to Leiza, Derek, Sonya (Curtis), Lyle (Ang), Sharon, Du (Peg), Ali (Kelly), & Jim (Cindy). Cherished grandmother of many grandchildren and great grandchildren. Also known as “Auntie O & Papa Jo”. Aunt to many nieces & nephews and even more cousins. Extra special Auntie to Kelly Gawehnanoh and Sayokla Predeceased by grandparents Bessie (Hess) and Izekiel (Hill), Elsie (Johnson) & Freeman Jacobs Sr., husband Daniel M. Sandy Sr., sisters; Sylvia & Ervine, brother Irwin, sister-in-law Bonnie, sonin-law Jim, children Sandra and Pat, granddaughter Cassie, & great-grandsons; Nash and Brian Jr. Dear friend to Fawn, Ilene, cousin Ruby and her fellow
It is with great sadness and heartbreaking news that we announce the passing of Cynthia “Cindy” Juanita Hess who started her journey on Friday, December 27th at Brantford General Hospital at the age of 50. Predeceased by her mother Irma Hess, father Kenneth Hess, brother Shayne, and sister Charlene. Survived by her brother Kevin (Mindy), and sister Shannon.
Loved mother of Darryl Jr. (Teresa) and Khristian (Kaya). Grandmother of Deajah, Diion and Isaac. Loving aunt and great aunt to many nieces and nephews. Loved and supported in her final days by her partner Shawn MacDonald.
Cindy was a very kind and loving woman. She was the kind of person who wore her heart on her sleeve and would give whatever she could to anyone in need. She loved to make jokes and make others laugh from their bellies. Cindy will be forever remembered and cherished by many friends and family. Arrangements by Styres Funeral Home, Ohsweken. Gathering time will be Saturday January 10th 1-2pm. A celebration of life will be held at the Knights of Columbus on January 25th 2-6pm. www.rhbanderson.com Metal Roofing
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January 7th, 2025
JANUARY 7TH, 2026
CLUES ACROSS 1. Lakes 6. Electromotive force 9. Invests in little enterprises 13. Longtime Utah Jazz coach 14. Small sailboat 15. Actor Idris 16. Mild yellow Dutch cheese made in balls 17. System that detects objects under water 18. Harsh, grating noise 19. Steward 21. A fencing sword 22. Infections 23. Actress Ryan 24. Sodium 25. Swedish castle 28. A lump of slime 29. African antelope 31. Insurance providers 33. Choosy 36. Ringworm 38. Unpolished 39. Drenches 41. Pant style 44. Son of Noah 45. Spiritual being 46. Upton Sinclair novel 48. Journalist Tarbell 49. Popular sports highlight show 51. Born of 52. Rich tapestry 54. S. China seaport 56. State of being unclothed 60. Surrounded by 61. Residue 62. Away from wind 63. Dried-up 64. Visionary 65. A very large body of water 66. Garden tools 67. Screen type 68. Ancient Scandinavian poet CLUES DOWN 1. Millisecond
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15 15
ARIES – Mar 21/Apr 20 Aries, look for ways to boost your income this week. Be open to dealing with people who may otherwise not come on your radar. Some extra earnings will be useful. TAURUS – Apr 21/May 21 Taurus, you may be happy to socialize this week, especially with new people who are friendly and congenial. Enjoy some time out on the town and the chance to meet new people. GEMINI – May 22/Jun 21 Right now you are anxious to work and be productive, Gemini. However, obstacles seem to get in your way left and right. You might need to devise a plan to overcome the challenges. CANCER – Jun 22/Jul 22 Your involvement in sports, groups and clubs will be a positive experience for you this week, Cancer. Not only will you enjoy the interaction, you will feel a sense of optimism.
2. Spanish city 3. A sudden very loud sound 4. “The Indiana Jones of beer” 5. Tin 6. Sea eagles 7. Volcanic crater 8. Type of coat 9. Women’s apartments in Ottoman palace 10. Divulge a secret 11. Norwegian playwright 12. “It’s a Wonderful Life” director 14. Poisonous perennial plant 17. 18-year astronomical period 20. Clothes 21. Places to sit 23. Family of regulator genes 25. New York ballplayer 26. Impressive in size or scope 27. Jacques __, French biologist 29. One from the Big Apple
Answers for January 7th, 2026 Crossword Puzzle
30. Genus of woolly lemurs 32. Songs to one’s beloved 34. Indigenous person of N.E. Thailand 35. Supplemented with difficulty 37. Farewell 40. Investment account (abbr.) 42. One from Utah 43. Begets 47. A male child 49. Break apart 50. Brief appearance 52. Partner to “oohed” 53. A light informal meal 55. Fabric with smooth, shiny surface 56. One billionth of a second 57. Ancient Italian-Greek colony 58. Close tightly 59. Mail out 61. Language 65. Computer characteristic
SUDOKU
LEO – Jul 23/Aug 23 Leo, there’s no better time to identify financial commitments and make some changes to how you move your money than right now. The doors of financial institutions will open for you. VIRGO – Aug 24/Sept 22 Virgo, you might make an excellent impression on others today, especially a boss that has had their eyes on you for some time. Fear not; you are only projecting good things. LIBRA – Sept 23/Oct 23 This is the perfect time to travel or try a new activity, Libra. Go someplace you have never been before. That may involve exploring your own neighborhood or city. SCORPIO – Oct 24/Nov 22 Enjoy the company of others this week, Scorpio. People will be warm, friendly, inclusive, and generally happy to share ideas and experiences with you. SAGITTARIUS – Nov 23/Dec 21 Work-related travel may be on the itinerary this week, Sagittarius. You also might find yourself more involved with foreign affairs or people from other cultures. CAPRICORN – Dec 22/Jan 20 Capricorn, accept invitations to socialize with others this week. This is a great opportunity to have fun. It’s a good time to enjoy movies, the arts or the entertainment world in general. AQUARIUS – Jan 21/Feb 18 Think about inviting someone over for coffee or pizza. You might be motivated to have an impromptu social gathering, Aquarius. Others will be happy to take you up on the offer. PISCES – Feb 19/Mar 20 Convincing others to embrace your way of thinking may require a little more effort than you are able to put forth right now, Pisces. Be patient and things will change for the better.
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January 7th, 2025
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