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WOMENS WORKSHOP BRINGS HEALING Academic Ngahuia Murphy, left, clad in a contemporary Maori feather cloak, poses holding two of her books alongside Santee Smith just outside of the Talking Earth Pottery Studio. The duo hosted a workshop called Recovering the Female Altar: Menstruation, the Wise Blood of the Womb, to connect over 30 Indigenous women in a safe space for healing, sharing and knowledge. Learn more about the workshop on page 8.

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May 2nd, 2018

LOCAL

keeping you informed.

Virtual reality film filmed on Six Nations hits GREAT Set in a dystopian future, The Hunt features Mohawk actors speaking Mohawk on screen

CHEZNEY MARTIN

chezney@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

SIX NATIONS — As different mediums and genres emerge, there are Indigenous artists ready to take a crack at the evolving world of film. This includes the work of Danis Goulet, who directed a four-minute virtual reality piece titled The Hunt, which was available to experience for free at the Grand River Employment and Training building on Tuesday, May 1, among several other Indigenous virtual reality works.

The Hunt in particular was filmed on Six Nations and features an almost entirely Mohawk cast including Devery Jacobs, Brandon Oakes and Karahkwenhawi Zoe Hopkins.

Goulet, who is Cree and Metis and originally from Saskatchewan, explained that she was interested in sci-fi and dystopian future worlds, so the commission for the film reflected her interest.

“I did this short film set in a similar world, but I was thinking about the communities close to Toronto where I’ve made my home for a really long

The Hunt was one of four Indigenous virtual reality films available to be screened for free by members of the public at the Grand River Employment and Training building on May 1.

PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN

Director Danis Goulet and imagiNATIVE programming and tour coordinator Judith Schuyler pose beside the 2167 Project banner.

The 2167 Project commissioned four virtual reality films to be a peek 150 years into the future.

PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN

time,” said Goulet. “I had the idea to maybe come and do something at Six Nations and so I first called up my friend Zoe Hopkins, who is another film maker.”

Hopkins then helped to create the connections needed for the film to succeed in also applying the Mohawk language into the film.

do all of their lines in Mohawk.”

The film encapsulates both the language and holds a sense of empowerment, which was also a goal for Goulet.

“It was just a really cool experience,” she said. “The result is this four minute piece that sort of imagines the way indigenous people would be using tech-

“I wanted to show what happens to the language in the future and for me, even though its a dystopian future, the hope is that the language has survived,” she said.

“We worked with Ryan Decaire, who is a language speaker, and he helped us to translate everything and also worked with the actors so that they could

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nology to their benefit, which for me, thematically is exactly what is happening today.”

As virtual reality is a newer medium, programming and tour coordinator with imagiNATIVE Judith Schuyler explained that the project was used to take a peek into the future.

“So, 2167 was a com-

missioned project from last year between TIFF and imagiNATIVE and we basically commissioned for four pieces that artists could use to envision the future 150 years ahead,” said Schuyler.

“It was kind of in commemoration of the 150 years of Canada, but instead of looking back we thought we’d look forward.”

Schuyler explained that the project was viewed at TIFF and imagiNATIVE, and she now has been and will continue to be taking them to other film festivals. She said that each of the pieces are unique.

“Everyone’s pieces are quite different,” she said.

“The Hunt is actually the most like a short film, where you’re actually in it and can look around and things are actually happening around you and the story develops around you — the other films were more abstract.

“But they’re all really cool and everybody that experiences them enjoys them.”

Later in the evening, a reception was held at the Ever Lasting tree School, which graciously hosted the filming of The Hunt on school grounds.

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3

Students and staff at I.L. Thomas Odadrihonyanita Elementary School in Six Nations took part in a fundraising walk on Friday in support of Water First, a Canadian charity dedicated to addressing water challeges in Indigenous communities.

PHOTOS BY NAHNDA GARLOW

Students walk for clean water awareness NAHNDA GARLOW

nahnda@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

SIX NATIONS — Students at I.L. Thomas Odadrihonyanita Elementary School made their way into the spring sunshine Friday to participate in a walk of solidarity raising awareness about clean access to drinking water for First Nations.

Grade 6 teacher Ms. Anna Tam organized the walk as part of the students’ social responsibility curriculum.

“We’re walking as part of the water walk and raising awareness for First Nations communities around Canada and on Six Nations that don’t have access to clean water,” said Tam. Students and staff raised money to send to Water First, a Canadian charity dedicated to addressing water challeges in Indigenous communities.

“We’re comparing how far we walk against how far Josephine Mandamin walked around Lake Superior,” said Tam. Josephine Mandamin

LISTEN ONLINE

is called the grandmother water walker. She has walked the shorelines of all five Great Lakes as an act of water awareness, she says, to raise people’s consciousness about our source water.

Mandamin walked the shores of Lake Superior for 32 days. Tam says the journey totalled about 2,000 km and that students and staff walked collectively around the school’s track to match the mileage Mandamin totalled during her water walk – about 5,000 laps.

Interestingly enough, this past week the school discovered levels of E.Coli in their source water, giving many of the students first hand experience with what other Indigenous students across the province are living every day.

Joe Restoule-General, the school’s principal, said Public Works was supplying clean bottled water to the school until the situation is resolved.

Restoule-General said he was pleased with how the Grade 6 class raised awareness of Canada’s water quality issues on First Nations to the school community.

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May 2nd, 2018

Mohawk Council at Kahnawake proposes draft cannabis legislation JIM WINDLE

jim@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

KAHNAWAKE — The Mohawk community of Kahnawake seems miles ahead of others in its attempt to control the growth and sale of cannabis on that reserve.

They are claiming jurisdiction as Mohawks and members of the Six Nations (Iroquois) as Sovereign Peoples, and therefore have the right to self determination and jurisdiction over its own territory.

In a copy of the draft law, obtained by Two Row Times, the community points to section 32 of the 1982 Constitution Act of Canada and the federally endorsed United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as confirming their right to self-determination. Kahnawake says those founding principles grant itself the rights to promote and control economic development and the right to preserve peace, order and good government within their territory.

They are seeking the right to grow, manufacture, promote, and sell cannabis at Kahnawake under that jurisdiction.

The draft pronounces the Mohawk Council of

Kahnawake as a governing body in and for the community, saying it has the power and authority to enact the Law on behalf of the Mohawks of Kahnawake.

According to the draft, the purpose of the law is to protect the health and safety of the Mohawks of Kahnawake and other persons found within the Territory — in particular to protect the health of young persons by restricting their access and exposure to cannabis and cannabis by-products.

The provisions as spelled out will not make the booming pot trade on reserve free from regulation, but rather to control all aspects of the industry in hopes of curtailing the “illegal” pot trade through appropriate regulations and controls as determined by the community.

Licensing is to be done through Kahnawake’s own

channels as overseen by the Kahnawake Cannabis Control Board. This board will administer this proposed Law but will not be a policy-making body.

They will, however, have authority to issue, suspend, and revoke licenses as well as monitor the safe, honest, secure and healthy use of marijuana on reserve.

This board of three members selected by the Council will be accountable to, but will function at an arm’s distance from the Council itself. Board members will be closely vetted before being considered using a number of checks and balances.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 5

Bowler Seneca Henhawk will take on the nation's best at the Special Olympics 5-pin Bowling Championships this month in Prince Edward Island.

SUBMITTED PHOTO

Six Nations bowler to compete in 2018 Special Olympics JONATHAN GARLOW

jonathan@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

OHSWEKEN – Seneca Henhawk, son of Judi Henhawk, is headed to Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island for the Special Olympics 5-pin Bowling Championships later this month from May 14 to 20.

Henhawk scored 335184 at a Tuesday Night Special Olympics competition a few weeks ago as he prepares for the larger Championship in PEI. The 2018 5-Pin Bowling Championships will offer Charlottetown a

unique experience to Special Olympics athletes from across Canada,” said Blair McIntosh, Vice President, Sport, Special Olympics Canada.

“As one of Special Olympics Canada’s most popular sports, this competition will offer athletes an opportunity to compete in a stand-alone National event for the sport.”

This year over 200 bowlers will be competing in Charlottetown.

5-pin Bowling is one of the original Special Olympics sports and it also has the most registered athletes with 13,435 participants across Canada.

TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

5

Law designed to protect health CONTINUED FROM PAGE 4

They will sit on the board for no less than two years and no more than three years.

Although they will not have the power to make laws, they will administrate whatever laws are in place regarding the growth, sale and use of marijuana.

Three licences are being considered, including a production licence, a distribution licence as well as a dispensary licence, micro-cultivation licence and such other licence category that the Board may create by regulation.

Regulation will be keenly adhered to regarding the age of users buying from these licensed dispensaries.

The only persons eligible to apply for a licence will be Mohawks

of Kahnawake, 21-years of age or more, a resident of the Territory and who has no criminal conviction for an indictable offence, or has received a full pardon for any such conviction.

There are proposed limitations regarding packaging and promotion of a licensed dispensary.

The price will also be controlled by the board, who will establish minimum and maximum prices of product.

Investigation and enforcement of the regulation will be carried out by the Kahnawake Peacekeepers.

The 21-page draft proposal will be massaged and presented to the Mohawks of Kahnawake for ratification under the Common its Decision Making Process and on the date it is affirmed by resolution of the Mohawk

Council of Kahnawake.

To date, Six Nations dispensaries have been operating throughout the Grand River Territory without any such regulations but some are trying to band together in the cause and the Kahnawake draft proposal looks like a good template to use here at Six Nations.

The traditional chiefs of Six Nations of the Grand River have already released a statement declaring they will not support the sale and use of marijuana on the territory while the elected government is still taking the matter under review.

Sherry-Lynn Pierce-Hill heads up the Cannabis Task Force for the Six Nations Elected Council and has been watching Kahnawake closely as that territory deals with the legalization of marijuana.

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TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

OPINION editor@tworowtimes.com

Decolonization is scary

Nature Connections

EDITORIAL BY JONATHAN GARLOW Explaining what decolonization means can be different for each individual. For some decolonization is theoretical – almost a fantasy. For others it is political resistance to capitalism, commercialism and corporate greed.

To be sure, learning an Indigenous language is definitely an act of decolonization.

Speaking about decolonization can confuse some Canadians who have never heard of the concept before. Many Canadians are under the impression that their European ancestors brought peace, technology and religion to the savage, wild “Indians” but unfortunately for them that myth doesn’t hold up under scrutiny.

In many cases our European visitors brought war, disease and famine to the Indigenous populations and to be honest we weren’t savages we had grand societies and peaceful civilizations of people whose ancestors built the Mayan pyramids.

Confused Canadians

can quickly become scared Canadians when there are hundreds of title holding nations discussing decolonization with each other. Could decolonization possibly mean getting rid of the colony altogether? That’s what happened in South Africa right?

It all depends on Canada’s adherence or acknowledgement of the Two Row Wampum which gives the Queen’s people their rights and responsibilities here as a visiting nation. This agreement of co-existance has existed for thousands of years it didn’t just begin with the discovery of the European people.

Instead of two walking paths, the concept was modified to accommodate our sea-faring Dutch and English brothers. Two water vessels travelling down the river of life was a strong analogy that helped cross the language barrier and explain the idea of non-interference to our visitors.

These days it’s tough to explain decoloniza-

By Quin Staats

tion when Canadians aren’t aware of their own colonial roots. For this reason we have launched a six-part series about the formation of Canada and how they brought English sovereignty with them into someone else’s (read Onkwehon:weh) land.

If you have ever gone hunting with some Six Nations boys then you’ll know what decolonization looks like. The way the men work together to put a bit of food on the table is the old traditional way of working together – some of us have forgot about that.

In native hunting parties there are a few rules that everyone follows and rules that no one needs to enforce. Number one, everyone helps. Number two, everyone eats. When decisions must be made everyone has input but hunters usually defer to the one with the most experience except for in certain situations because the most important thing is filling that freezer back home.

Got a news tip?

SEND YOUR STORY TO TIPS@TWOROWTIMES.COM

Volume 5, Issue 38

She’s only human

Over the past few weeks, I've been reading a book called The Secret Life of Trees

by Peter Wohlleben. Although a bit of a clinical read, it's a wonder-filled journey into the mysterious lives of plants, trees and bugs as a collective existence.

It explores how these species coexist, communicate, compete and live symbiotically. The book seems like a fantasy, but it's completely real, right outside your windows and doors, below your very toes.

I think that's the best part.

A majority of my stories talk about our connection to Nature, and how we can find parallels and commonalities between the nature of Nature and our own human nature. Since reading this book, I began to consider that perhaps the similarities go both ways: nature vs human as well as human vs nature.

The book speaks about trees as social beings: being part of a family and existing harmoniously (and symbiotically) within a limitless variation of diversity. Though individual breeds of trees stand strong, trees as a whole stand stronger together as a team of one species instead of individually. Sounds similar to our difference in races or nationalities.

There was one part of the book called ‘Street Kids’ that investigated, in particular, trees that are planted in neighbourhoods. Not naturally grown in the wild, yet orphaned in solitude amid trimmed front lawns and brick driveways. No mama trees or sister trees, all alone and surrounded by “designer-Nature”. Trees born into this kind of situation do not grow or develop as well as natural grown trees that have the social and sustenance support required to flourish.

It was easy for me to compare this situation to a human being, or any other living being for that matter. I began to imagine all the side effects and consequences of the existence of something being bound to separation and isolation, when the fate of a living being is decided for them, and enforced outside of its natural habitat.

And then, I witnessed a first hand experience of the aftermath in my own neighbourhood.

I live in a small subdivision where each sidewalk lawn is adorned by identical trees, all symmetrically spaced in front of the houses like a line of young soldiers. My neighbour`s tree, at a young 25 years old and after several years of struggling, finally fell ill beyond recovery. One spring it finally limped lifelessly and she decided to replace the tree with something new and different. She wanted a tree that would stand out in the neighbourhood amongst all the other clones, and so it did.

The book taught me that trees are compassionate beings; a network in times of need if one is to fall ill, damaged or infested. The older, healthier trees will send nutrients to those in need and help them to heal and, hopefully, survive. Even as a confused “prop” tree, their similar DNA still leads them to connect with one another.

So why not this tree? Where was the help?

It took one stormy day and terrible odds for this poor young beauty to be struck by lightning. Within weeks it was ridden with disease and limb by limb, rotted to the ground.

It's almost like the original neighbourhood trees had shunned it. Why didn't they help this stranger breed? Did they want it gone, were they threatened?

Either way, I finally witnessed a human side of nature, as opposed to the natural side of humans.

I had been focusing so much in seeing my similarities to Nature that I didn't consider it might be similar to me too. If I can feel like a bird, deer, or even the wind...can it feel like me too?

Everything is still growing, learning, and evolving together in one big circle. I guess even Nature’s only human too...

Publisher: Jonathan Garlow Editor: Nahnda Garlow Head of Production: Dave LaForce Senior Writer & Sports Editor: Jim Windle Oneida Business Park Suite 124 Arts & Culture Editor: Chezney Martin Website Manager: Benjamin Doolittle 50 Generations Drive, Box 1 Advertising Sales Co-ordinator: Marshall Lank Advertising Sales Executive: Rachel Binek Ohsweken, ON N0A 1M0 Distribution Manager: Tim Reynolds Distribution: Taylor King Make advertising cheques payable to:

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TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

7

A Canadian Constitution A six-part interview with R. Rogers Smith examining the formation of Canada The following is an excerpt from an interview by George Barr, KING’S Council, with R. Rogers Smith sometime in the mid 1940’s and on “Ligue pour l’Union Federale”, 822 Sherbrooke Est, Mtl. (Acquired from the Ka-Nee-Ka-Neet collection) Questions by G. H. Barr, King’s Council. Answers by R. Rogers Smith Mr. Barr: I understand, Mr. Smith that you have made a rather exhaustive study of our Constitutional position for some years past and have come to the conclusion that in the national interest the entire position should now be clarified?

Mr. Smith: I consider this indispensable.

Mr. Barr: I should like to ask you a few questions to get your viewpoint on various phases of the situation?

Mr. Smith: Good—I am only too pleased to give you any information I have gathered from the facts of history and constitutional authorities. Also, if you desire my reasons for stating that a clarification of our constitutional position is indispensable.

Mr. Barr: What is the source, Mr. Smith, from which the authority of government in Canada originates?

Mr. Smith: In Nova Scotia, King James VI of

Scotland granted a charter to Sir William Alexander (afterward Earl of Stirling) to the lands extending from Penchscot Maine to the St. Lawrence River, including what is now New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. As well as a small acreage in the City of Edinburgh where Stirling Castle now stands. “This was declared Nova Scotia territory in the reign of Charles I, in order that Baronets of Nova Scotia might ‘take seizin’ of their lands without leaving Scotland, and is there a lawyer in Edinburgh who will deny the fact that in the eyes of his profession this bit of Scotland is really in Canada?” (In search of Scotland, 1933-by H. V. Morton). The grant was a lease with a clause for the payment of three Indian arrowheads per year. The present flag and Coat of Arms were granted in 1625 by Charles I, as King of Scotland.

Nova Scotia never belonged to England then, or later. Prince Edward Island was separated from Nova Scotia and made an independent province in 1770. New Brunswick was detached from Nova Scotia and made an independent province August 16th., 1784. Thomas Carleton was the first Governor.

In the case of Quebec-a “Constitution” was granted to Governor James Murray November 21st., 1763, by

the “Board of Trade and Plantations”, signed Yorke and Yorke (see Sessional Papers 18). The Lords of Trade and Plantations, afterwards known as the Board of Trade and Plantations, and, finally, as the Board of Trade, received their authority from the Crown in Chancery. In the reign of Queen Elizabeth “Members of Her Majesty’s most learned and honourable Privy Council (divers orders thereunto called) conceived and established the Crown in Chancery to administer affairs in connection with and exercise authority over the waste lands or commons of England”.

Newly discovered or conquered lands were placed under this Department of Lands, whose offices are at Whitehall, London.

When the Treaty of Union, 1707, uniting England and Scotland, was signed, the administration of affairs in connection with Scottish land was granted to this Department.

Nova Scotia, which was now a “British” possession also, was placed under the Crown in Chancery. It is a common assumption that the Monarch, or the House of Commons, or House of Lords, grant authority to a Governor General. Such is not the case. Governors General receive their authority only from the Crown in Chancery. It is

not permitted that the King, or any member of the House of Commons or Lords even suggest that anyone be appointed. The affairs of the Crown in Chancery are administered by the Sec’y of State that he be appointed. The Sec’y of State alone is responsible for the retention of a colony as a British Possession.

He must not be circumscribed in any way in the exercise of his powers.

(2) Sir George Fiddes, who was Under-Secretary from 1909-1916, explains the difference between a “Governor” and a “High Commissioner”.

Page 45 “The Secretary of State, broadly speaking, has no executive authority within the territorial limits of a Colony or Protectorate.

His authority is exercised through the Governor (or, in the case of some protectorates, the High Commissioner) with whom he alone corresponds and to whom alone he issues his instructions.”

After the Governor General is appointed by the Secretary of State “Letters Patent” are drafted and signed by Sir Claude Schuster, Clerk of the Crown in Chancery.

The Secretary of State for the Colonies in Britain corresponds to a Minister of Lands in Canada. He alone is responsible for the retention of a Colony as a

possession of the British people. He therefore must not be interfered with in his appointment or removal of a Governor or High Commissioner.

After the “Letters Patent” are attested, the Governor now is introduced to His Majesty at the Court of St. James, where he receives a letter of directions from His Majesty called “Instructions”. If we add to the “Letters Patent” and “Instructions” the added powers granted to the Governor General in the British North America Act, we have the same sum of dictatorship on March 23rd., 1931 as were granted to Governor James Murray by the Board of Trade and Plantations November 21st., 1763.

You ask: “What is the source from which the authority of government originates?”

It originates in the title to land. When the King was absolute Monarch, in him alone existed the Sovereign power. He could-and did-sign grants or leases for “three acorns” a year to Dukes, Lords, Earls etc., many of which exist today.

The Duke of Wellington paid his lease to His Majesty on July 6th., 1944. This was one little “silken Union flag”. These are called “entailed estates”. It is true that the lease granted by Queen Elizabeth to Sir Walter Raleigh was also

ratified by Parliament, but it was not until Charles II ascended the Throne, that the Monarch was not the Sovereign Power. Today the King can sign a lease or enact a law “by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Temporal, Spiritual and Commons in Parliament Assembled and with the authority of the same as follows: (The King alone has no power.)

Today the People of Britain are Sovereign, not only over the British Isles but also all Colonies which they own.

The “Titles” to these lands are in the custody of the “Crown in Chancery”.

This is the reason we call them “Crown Lands”.

The British people do not own Canada today.

None of the Provinces are required to pay rent.

Since December 11th., 1931, the ownership to the land is held by each Province. The Legislature of each Province can make laws exclusively in connection with property and the title is held in the custody of the Department of Lands. All Provinces of Canada today are Sovereign States.

The Province does not divest itself of ownership when the Department of lands grants a title to a “homestead” in “fee simple” or “free and common socage”.

It is well understood by

Kenhkwit=ne (Kenh-Kwi-te:-neh)

editor@tworowtimes.com

Spring-time MOHAWK LANGUAGE)

SOURCE: MOHAWK LANGUAGE THEMATIC DICTIONARY, DAVID KANATAWAKHON MARACLE

8

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Talking Earth Pottery hosts Recovering the Female Altar CHEZNEY MARTIN

chezney@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

SIX NATIONS — Nearly in unison with the world premiere of Blood Tides, the collaborative work of Santee Smith and Ngahuia Murphy came forth again this past weekend through a workshop dedicated to Indigenous women of all walks of life held at the Talking Earth Pottery Studio.

The workshop, Recovering the Female Altar: Menstruation, the Wise Blood of the Womb, welcomed over 30 Indigenous women of different backgrounds and was opened for them to share their voices, cultural perspectives and knowledge in a space full of exploration and healing. “[This workshop] is a part of looking back to our ancestors and finding how we came to the body, how we came to our female deities, stories, the importance of the female body, the reproductive body and menstruation and the connection to the moon and cycles — and how to bring back power to all of that in our daily lives,” said Smith.

“This workshop is a space for Indigenous women to gather and share knowledge, especially with Ngahuia because she has been studying pre-colonial ways of Maoiri women,” she said.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 8

both the purchaser and the Province that the Legislature retains the right to “tax” the land. This “tax” CONTINUED ON PAGE 8

325 KING GEORGE RD. BRANTFORD ONT (519) 752-7555

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May 2nd, 2018

is the rent the purchaser pays. If a person dies intestate or fails to pay his “tax”, the land reverts to the Province in the first case or is repossessed by the Province by way of a “tax” sale.

(3) The answer to your question would not be complete without the statement that: The Sovereign right to govern originates in, nor can it be divested from the ownership of land.

In order that “Sovereignty” be exercisable by a Central Government in

The workshop invited more than 30 Indigenous women of different backgrounds to share their voices, cultural perspectives and knowledge in a space full of exploration and healing.

PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN

Murphy, who is of the Ngati Manawa, Ngati Ruapani Ki Waikaremoana and Tuhoe, is an academic from New Zealand who utilizes her research to empower and fuel self-esteem in Indigenous women of Maori descent and beyond. In 2016, she was one of twenty recipients of a PhD research scholarship and her knowledge brought the workshop to life.

“What I’m here to share really is the culmination of my research journey so far,” said Murphy.

“So I did my masters thesis a few years ago and I looked at some of the pre-colonial Maori stories around how our ancestors saw menstruation, because today menstruation is seen in Aotearua is seen as something dirty, something unclean, something spiritually defiling and the source of female inferiority. And I didn’t beCanada, it is indispensable that the Sovereign Provinces divest themselves of those powers which they collectively desire the Central Government to administer and to “cede” to the Central Government some land, such as the District of Columbia, U. S. A.; Mexico City, District Federal of Mexico; or District of Canberra in Australia.

This is called the right of “Eminent Domain”.

It is admitted that England and Scotland signed a Treaty uniting them on January 14th., 1707. Article 1 of the Treaty states that “Her Majesty shall be requested to appoint ensigns armorial to conjoin the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew into one

lieve that that’s what our ancestors thought because it completely contradicts some of our philosophies around the womb,” she said.

In Maori, the term for womb that is used is ‘te whare tangata’ (teh far-ray tun-ah-ta) which translates to ‘the house of humanity.’ Understanding this, Murphy set out to find where the sullying of women came from by sifting through Maori chants, songs, histories and stories and comparing them to the writings of colonial ethnographers and historians.

“The two were very, very different and what I found actually is that menstruation in our world comes from our pantheon of deities,” she said.

“The significance of menstrual blood is a medium of ancestors and descendants that connects us back to our own flag”. This flag, by the way, was first flown at the celebration to commemorate the union, held in St. Paul’s Cathedral, London, May 1st., 1707. Prior to this time, James Sixth of Scotland had granted a charter to Sir William Alexander-afterwards the Earl of Stirling-for New Scotland, as the King stated that “Old England” has “New” England and France has “New” France, I see no reason why Scotland should not have “New Scotland”, (and used the Latin term “Nova Scotia”) which extended at that time from Penchscot Maine to the St. Lawrence River, including Gaspe-what is now New Brunswick; also Prince Edward Island.

pantheon of deities and is a medium that was celebrated traditionally.”

“And it was celebrated because it ensured the continuation of our tribal nations, of our family lines,” she said.

As she continues to work on her PhD, Murphy explained that her work really focuses on decolonizing and “stripping away” what Indigenous women have been led to believe about themselves in todays day and age.

She utilized both a projector and her voice to share her research with the group, in hopes that they would find healing and freedom in the knowledge.

“I actually really believe that the solutions to our challenges today, the solutions can be found in our traditional values, traditional practices and philosophies — I really believe that,” she said.

Charles I, upon coming to the throne, granted to Nova Scotia paid a lease for the lands of three Indian arrowheads per year.

It may be of interest to comment that Scotsmen were not permitted to go to an English Colony, nor were Englishmen permitted to go to a Scotch Colony. At this time there was a death penalty for a Frenchman to leave Canada to take up residence in the State of New York.

After the union of England and Scotland, the Colonies were under the Lords of Trade and Plantations. This was altered to the Board of Trade and plantations and finally to the Board of Trade.

PART 2 NEXT WEEK

May 2nd, 2018

TWO ROW TIMES

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May 2nd, 2018

Getting kids to a good weight by 13 may help avoid diabetes

By Marilynn Marchione (AP)

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There may be a critical window for overweight kids to get to a healthy level. Those who shed their extra pounds by age 13 had the same risk of developing diabetes in adulthood as others who had never weighed too much, a large study of Danish men found.

Diabetes can develop when the body can't properly use insulin to turn food into energy.

Being overweight at any age raises the chances of the most common form, Type 2. But it's not known whether or how much that risk is reduced if people lose weight, and when. ``This study seems to suggest that overweight in adolescence is particularly harmful'' and that reversing it by then can do a lot of good, said Dr. Stephen Daniels, pediatrics chief at the University of Colorado School of Medicine in Denver.

He had no role in the study, which was led by researchers at the University of Copenhagen, sponsored by the European Union, and published by the New England Journal of Medicine.

It involved 62,565 men in Denmark, where mandatory school and military service exams enabled tracking their health for decades. Heights and weights were measured when they were 7, 13, and between 17 and 26. National health records were used to see how many developed diabetes in adulthood.

Men who were overweight at age 7 but weren't by age 13 had similar odds of diabetes later in life as men who'd never been overweight.

Those who were overweight only at 13, or only at 7 and 13, had a lower risk than those who stayed overweight throughout young adulthood but a higher risk than men who'd never been overweight. ``They are hopeful results'' that show there are benefits if parents can help chubby kids ``grow into a healthy weight,'' said Steven Gortmaker, a childhood obesity researcher at the Harvard School of Public Health. ``If you can slow the rise of obesity in very young children you have a chance of really preventing future cases of diabetes.''

Why might the teen years matter so much? ``At adolescence you become more insulin resistant, just sort of a natural part of puberty,'' Daniels explained.

The muscles and organs don't use insulin as well after then, so it takes more to get the same job done, he said.

The study had many limitations — it was only in men, and there was no information on what they weighed in adulthood, when the diabetes developed.

It was a different time and place — decades ago in Denmark, only 5 per cent to 8 per cent of these men had been overweight as children or teens. Today in the United States, about 35 per cent of kids are, and more than 23 per cent are worldwide.

TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

11

A healthy lifestyle helps beat Type 2 diabetes Get 30 mins of exercise a day.

Eat a healthy diet.

Quit smoking.

Keep a healthy body weight.

Get enough sleep.

What is Diabetes?

IDHC West Office ~ Open House ~

~ Programs & Services Presentation ~ Friday, May 11, 2018 10:00am to 1:00pm Iroquois Village Plaza

BothOur type staff 1 and would type 2 diabetes affect youraeyes. like tocan wish you Diabetichappy, eye disease can cause severe vision loss and blindness. healthy, and safe Holiday!

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1721 Chiefswood Rd., Ohsweken Come and visit IDHC at our West region office and meet your regional Diabetes Wellness Worker. Check out our exciting display of resources and find out how IDHC can provide or partner on great holistic healthy living initiatives for your community, organization, or group.

Diabetes happens when your body does not make or use insulin the right way.

Insulin is important for your body to turn sugar from food into energy.

Agenda

There are three types of diabetes: Type 1 The body doesn't make insulin.

Type 2 The body has trouble using the insulin it makes.

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20% of the indigenous community lives with diabetes.

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Indigenous people with diabetes have a higher risk of heart disease, kidney disease, blindness, amputations and infectious diseases.

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"Native Pride" Ancient Voices Media Artist: Jacob J. Jones; Seneca Nation

14

ACE

TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

arts. culture. entertainment.

Preview of Onkwehon:we Festival shines in Brantford CHEZNEY MARTIN

chezney@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

BRANTFORD — For one great evening, both the Woodland Cultural Centre (WCC) and Club NV hosted local talents for audiences on Friday, April 27.

The WCC Artistic Director Naomi Johnson explained that the evening at the WCC was organized

by Artistic Associate Gyeho Thomas to help draw attention to an upcoming festival.

“It was a kick off in a way,” said Johnson. “Just a sampling of what you’re gonna get at the Onkwehon:we Festival we’re going to be putting on in June.”

The evening brought together Lacey Hill and Nick Sherman, and Sherman explained that the opportunity to perform came after he reached out to the WCC to see if they would want to host an evening of music.

“I’ve done a few shows with the Woodland Cultural Centre in the past and I just happened to be coming through town because I’m doing some work out on Six Nations at Thru the Red Door,” said Sherman.

“I just asked out of the blue if they had an evening where they wanted some music and it just kind of worked.”

And the evening offered some good feelings for him as well after his acoustic elements and raspy vocals filled the auditorium.

“I feel good, I always feel good after performing some songs,” he said.

Soon after performing at the WCC, Lacey Hill then performed alongside the Bad Guys at Club NV, as the venue set up to host the

Nick Sherman was in town and suggested that the Woodland Cultural Centre put on a show.

PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN Lacey Hill and her band rocked out at Club NV in Brantford.

PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN

Lacey Hill performed at Woodland and then at Club NV.

PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN Big Joe sang the blues in his highly anticipated return to live performance. PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN

return of Big Joe. “Performance-wise the Bad Guys slayed the night with original tunes and stage presence!” said Hill.

“Congrats to Big Joe for his return to the stage.”

But Hill also commended Sherman on his performance at the WCC, and she recognized the power within both of the venues.

“The Woodland Cultural Centre is an amazing spot to sing,” she said.

“The acoustics are awesome, and the artists they bring in share beau-

tiful original pieces. It's a hidden gem for sure. It's one of my favorite places to put on a show and I would like to see more community members fill those seats. Its a real pleasure to sing there especially with the history it holds.

“The only connection for me [at Club NV] is the stage and the audience,” she added. “So, when I hit stage with the Bad Guys I want to perform my best, always!

I have to be stronger as sometimes I'm the only native female in the scene.

So, I try my hardest to represent!”

In regards to the overall impact of performing locally, Hill gave her own success to the support of family and friends.

“Its a positive impact because any stage time is good,” she said.

“The more and more you perform the better you get. So come on out and be apart of it, support your local artists! I know I couldn’t have gotten this far without my family, friends and fans' support over the years.”

After a hiatus from performing, Big Joe made his return to the stage at Club NV in Brantford.

PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN

Our group gets together every otherother Thursday at Tourism building.

We Our group gets together every Thursday at Tourism building. start with a potluck supper at 6:30. Attendees include survivors, We start with a potluck supper at 6:30. Attendees include survivors, caregivers, spouses, extended family, children and friends. For more caregivers, extended children and or friends. information on spouses, next meeting contact family, Terry (519)445-2470 Eva (905)768-3891.

For more information on next meeting contact Terry (519)445-2470 or Eva (905)768-3891.

Helping Others to HelpThemselves Helping Others to HelpThemselves

TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

Blood Tides brings together performers from several Indigenous nations.

SUBMITTED PHOTO

Kaha:wi Dance Theatre sets world premiere of Blood Tides CHEZNEY MARTIN

chezney@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

ST. CATHARINES — The world premiere of the highly anticipated performance Blood Tides will be reaching the FirstOntario Performing Arts Centre (FOPAC) in the Robertson Theatre this week from May 3 - 5.

The performance was conceived by Santee Smith and was overseen by many cultural collaborators and cultural advisors from Canada, the United States and New Zealand including Ngahuia Murphy and Mohawk Clanmother Louise McDonald.

“It is a performance that really calls for the re-awakening and the restoring of the Indigenous women perspective ,” said Smith. “It’s international; so there’s Zapotec, Maori, Fijian, and Turtle Island Nations that are involved with the project and it’s the second piece of a triptych.”

As part of the triptych,

the piece is a the follow-up work to Re-Quickening, which recently showcased at the 2017 Celebration of Nations at the FOPAC. Smith explained that the powerhouse team of collaborators and advisors created an interdisciplinary and inter-cultural performance that is suggested to be a timely, contemporary performance as the world now struggles with the power imbalance between masculine and feminine.

“I’ve been involved with this kind of research for a while, and learning and sharing with different women through discussions but also in the creative process,” she said. “[So in the piece] we go through a series of scenes where four women are represented.”

Smith explained that each of the four women represent a different stage of womanhood and each hold different spiritual

experiences. The performance is also regarded as a retrieval of feminine knowledge including the restoration of the rites of passage, songs and dance of the underworld, woman as creator, cosmos and potentiality.

This made the collaboration with other women, including Murphy, all the more important.

“A few years ago somebody gave a copy of my book [Te Wa Atua: Menstruation in the Pre-Colonial Maori Woman] to Santee,” said Murphy.

“She contacted me and said that she loved the book, loved my research and that she would like to make a work based on it.

And 'blood tides' is a term that I use in the book, so over the last two years we’ve been collaborating.”

Each of the experiences were carved from different cultural and spiritual beliefs, making the performance powerful, but also ceremonial in itself.

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TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

SPORTS

know the score.

The Six Nations Rebels are just getting started, and that's what is scary for the other teams in the OLA Jr. B. Six games into the new Jr. B lacrosse season, the Six Nations Rebels are 6-0, outscoring their opponents 87-42. Defenceman Chayton King leads the league in points (32), goals (15), and assists (17). Keegan Thomas leads all goaltenders with four wins, and King, Dayton Hill and Justin Martin are 1-2-3 in the league for points scored by defenders.

PHOTOS BY JIM WINDLE

Rebels Nation still on the rise Impressive Six Nations Jr. B lacrosse squad improves to 6-0 on young season JIM WINDLE

jim@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

SIX NATIONS — It’s six starts, six wins for the Six Nations Rebels so far this season. That’s good for 12 points to lead all OLA Jr. B so far in the early season.

Saturday night in Windsor, the very impressive mixture of young guns and solid veterans gave the Rebels their sixth win in succession.

Sophomore Rebels’ coach Miles General has a lot to get excited about as the Rebels took advantage of their early season momentum to slip past the Windsor Clippers 11-10.

Windsor scored first at

3:33 but Gates Abrams got that one back 29 seconds later from Garret VyseSquare and Kobe Whitcomb. The teams traded first period goals towards a 3-3 first period score.

Chayton King and Abram also scored in the first 20 minutes.

The Rebels took over to start the second period with a string of four unanswered goals, two scored by Whitcomb, and two by Abrams’ for his third of the game.

With the score 7-3 the Clippers were handed three powerplays after Rebels’ aggressive checking was interpreted as aggression and Windsor scored three powerplay goals before the end the

second period to get back into the game at 7-6 for Six Nations.

An exciting third period had the Reb’s and Clippers combining for an eight-goal period, four goals each, for the close 11-10 Six Nations win.

Kobe Whitcomb earned seven points for the Rebels with a pair of goals and five assists. Gates Abrams scored four and assisted on two, while Riley Miller turned in a three goal and two assist performance. Also scoring for Six Nations were Chayton King (1G,3A), and Khan General (1G,1A).

Friday night at the ILA, the Rebels had a much easier time with the visiting Guelph Generals

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out-shooting them, 73-46, and out-scoring them 16-9.

Abrams scored three and assisted on four but he was not the only dangerous Rebel on the floor that night. Mason Hill (3G,1A), Giles Austin (1G,3A), Riley Miller (3G,3A), Whitcolm (1G,5A), Justin Martin (1G,1A), Khan General (2G), and Chayton King ( 2G,3A).

Keegan Thomas earned the win in the Rebels’ cage.

Last Wednesday, the Rebels had little trouble with the London Blue Devils, winning 16-7. It was 4-3 for Six Nations after the first period.

Dylan Hill scored the

first goal of the second period. Devils’ Gregory Elijah-Brown scored the only Devils’ goal of the period. Meanwhile, Chayton Hill scored the next four goals in succession, Justin Martin, Riley Miller also scored before Hill closed the period with a shorthanded goal at 17:39.

The score was 12-4 entering the final period but London dug deep and opened the third with three goals to close the gap, but only temporarily as the Rebels came back to score the last four goals of the game with thanks to Austin Giles, Whitcomb, Justin Marin and King’s fifth goal. Daniel Hill earned the win in net, making 38 saves on

45 shots. Aden Antone scored two and assisted on another for London.

Even this early in the campaign, the Rebels have already established a pattern. League statistics show the Rebels first in goals per game (14.5), as well as first in penalty minutes at 48.33, almost seven minutes higher than the league average.

Defensively, the Rebel’s saves percentage of 0.822 is tops in the league, powerplay percentage is Next up for the Rebels will be the Niagara Thunderhawks, Friday, May 4th, at the ILA for an 8 pm start. Sunday, they travel to St. Catharines for a date with the Spartans.

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May 2nd, 2018

17

Six Nations Warriors win over Brantford in Jr. C action Big nights from Shane Henry, Jaxson Martin fuel Six Nations' attack

JIM WINDLE

jim@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

SIX NATIONS — The Ontario Jr. C Lacrosse season opened Saturday afternoon at the ILA with the Brantford Warriors facing the Six Nations Warriors.

The Warriors won 12-11 – Six Nations Warriors, that is.

The young Six Nations team had some miscues and mistakes, but not more than Brantford in this first game of the new season. But there were some very impressive players many fans will get more familiar with as the season progresses.

Leading the offensive charge for Six Nations was Shane Henry who scored four and assisted on three for a seven-point game.

Jaxson Martin turned in a solid six points with three goals and three assists.

Brantford Warriors attacker Casper Day-Allison is checked by Six Nations Warriors defender Dougie Powless in Saturday afternoon’s 12-11 Six Nations win at the ILA. Six Nations lost to Brantford last year in the semifinals while Brantford went on to win the Meredith Cup, defeating the Fergus Thistles, three games to one in the division finals and four games to two against the Clarington Shamrox.

The Six Nations Warriors hope to reverse that order this year.

PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

Also scoring were Jake Smith (1G,2A), Todd Thomas Jr. (1G,1A), Jordan Myke (1G,2A), Tehas Powless 1G,3A) and Landon Whitlow.

National Lacrosse League unveils new championship trophy

Brantford look impressive as well with a team that boasts some very good new talent this year.

Six Nations’s first goal of the new season came

at 5:38 and was registered by Todd Thomas Jr., assisted by Jaxson Martin and Powless. Brantford’s Jorden Drage answered from Donovan Welch and

Travis Scott.

Martin made it 2-1 for Six Nations but only for a few seconds as Brantford answered quickly to end the first period tied at 2-2.

The second period featured a lot of scoring, especially by Brantford with five second-period markers starting with one scored by Brantford’s number 28. The problem is, there was no number 28 listed on the game sheet. That was at 1:29 and was followed

by Casper Day-Allison at 2:41.

Shane Henry put up his first two point of the season, scoring for Six Nations at 5:06 and again at 9:41. In between, Ryan Dost scored for Brantford to protect a 3-2 lead.

Then, at 16:03, Welch scored again and Dost scored his second of the night unassisted at 16:35 to exit the period with

Brantford leading 7-4.

The Six Nations Warriors began to overtake Brantford in the third, scoring at 6:04, when Jaxson Martin opened the flood-gate, from Powless and Henry. Landon Whitlow added another at 7:17, unassisted. Henry and Martin also scored before the first half of the third period, but Brantford was not done.

A flurry of goals produced the 12-11 Six Nations win with last game goals scored by Brantford’s Max Lewis scoring at 14:13, Michael Comeou scoring at 14:48 and again at 19:50, but it wouldn’t be enough on this given night to come all the way back on this particular Saturday.

The Six Nations Warriors will be in action next Saturday, May 5th, at 2 pm at the ILA against the Fergus Thistles.

STAFF REPORT

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

PHILADELPHIA – The National Lacrosse League (NLL), the largest men’s professional indoor lacrosse league in North America, recently unveiled its newly redesigned finals trophy, named the National Lacrosse League Cup. Featuring the NLL Star, the trophy reflects the League’s new brand direction and provides a dynamic design fit for a champion.

The NLL Star, introduced within the League’s new logo, acknowledges the four original NLL teams from the Mid-Atlantic region while paying homage to the roots of the sport with its similarity to the Native American Morning Star.

Along with the trophy, the championship series will now be called the NLL

The Sr. B Rivermen opened the season with a win over the Ennismore James Gang at the ILA Saturday, however, there has been no game data or goal scorers made available by deadline Tuesday.

This coming Saturday, May 5th, the Kitchener/Waterloo Velocity visit the Gaylord Powless Arena at 7 p.m.

PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

The newly redesigned National Lacrosse League Cup.

SUBMITTED PHOTO

Finals to go along with the new branding of the championships.

The NLL Cup will be presented at this year’s Finals, set to begin the weekend of May 18th or May 25th, depending on seeding.

The NLL Finals will be streamed live on NLL TV, CBS Digital and Twitter.

FIND MORE SPORTS ONLINE at tworowtimes.com

Karl Razor Hess will be back in the ring Saturday, July 21st, 2018 seeking vengeance after a close decision went towards his opponent in Hess’ professional debut in Mississauga earlier this spring.

Razor’s second pro-start will be hosted at the Eddie Bush Memorial Arena in Collingwood. Tables of 10 seats floor seating will become available soon. General single admission for grandstand seating is $30. Group tables at ringside are going for $1500 for Platinum, $1250 Gold, $1000 Silver, $850 Bronze, and general seating at $30.

SUBMITTED PHOTO

Caledonia Pro-Fit coach Mike Bullard was pretty blunt when asked about Tuesday night's Game 4, of their Sutherland Cup series against the underdog Listowel Cyclones, Tuesday night at the Haldimand Centre. The Corvairs were down three games to none before the game. "There's no tomorrow," he said. "Everybody is going to have to bring everything they got tonight."

PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

18

TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

NATION

all our relations.

Landlords, homeowners worried about coming pot laws Real estate association calls for moratorium on homegrown recreational cannabis

125,000 real estate brokers, agents and salespeople, argues that four marijuana plants can produce as much as five kilograms of cannabis a year. It is concerned about potential property damage and effects on home prices. ``We've heard from homeowners and tenants across the country who are worried about living beside grow-ops,'' CREA's president Barb Sukkau told the Senate Standing Committee on Social Affairs, Science and Technology on Monday, according to a statement released by the industry association. ``What does this do to

their home value? Will this increase their rent?

How safe will their kids be? Will their quality of life diminish because of the prevalence of drugs in their neighbourhood?

These are all concerns that need to be considered before the passing of Bill C-45.''

In 2016, a federal court judge struck down legislation introduced by the former Conservative government, which had banned medical marijuana patients from cultivating their own pot. The judge found that the law violated patients' charter rights.

``The courts have been very clear on this,'' said James O'Hara, the president of the advocacy organization Canadians for Fair Access to Medical Marijuana. ``That patients are in fact allowed to grow their own medicine... It's as simple as that.''

When asked about CREA's concerns, he said that CFAMM recommends that all patients growing cannabis at home understand and adhere to the applicable fire and electrical codes. ``Just to make sure that the grows are safe and that they conform with all regulations and stan-

dards,'' he said.

Randall McCauley, CREA's vice-president of government and public relations said they're not targeting medical marijuana patients who are growing cannabis at home.

He said Ottawa should ban recreational pot growing at home, and if not, set out a framework for how it should be governed. ``You can get it by mail.

So that alleviates accessibility needs across the country. Basically, there are many questions and concerns surrounding growing in your house.

And we don't see what problem it solves, rather, it potentially creates lots of problems.''

The question of consuming pot in home residences has also raised the ire of some landlords, who want the right to immediately ban the use of pot in rental properties when recreational weed is legalized.

The marijuana legalization bill, C-45, will allow Canadians the right to grow pot under a certain limit, but each province and territory is developing its own legal framework for production and consumption. Quebec and Manitoba, for example, have already chosen to

The tribunal heard that Emile Wickham, a Toronto resident who identifies himself as an Afro-Caribbean, went to the Chinese restaurant with three friends — all of whom were black — early on May 3, 2014, to celebrate his birthday.

Wickham told the tribunal that after the server took their orders, he and his friends were told that a restaurant

policy meant they had to pay for their meals before receiving them, which they did.

He said he was unsettled by the request and asked other patrons if they had been asked to pre-pay as well. Wickham told the tribunal that none of the patrons he spoke to said they had been required to pay for their meals in advance.

In its ruling, the tribu-

nal said the restaurant did not offer a credible non-discriminatory reason for its employees' conduct and found Wickham had been racially profiled.

Hong Shing Chinese Restaurant was ordered to pay Wickham $10,000 as compensation for infringing his rights and for the injury to his dignity, feelings and self-respect.

``This case illustrates that the restaurant did not extend the applicant the benefit of the doubt, or assumption of his decency as a black person, rather he was presumed to be deviant,'' the tribunal's ruling stated. ``In essence, the applicant was presumed to be a potential thief in waiting despite any evidence to that effect.''

From Wickham's evi-

CANADIAN PRESS

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

TORONTO — Canada’s real estate industry organization is calling for a moratorium on growing recreational marijuana at home until the government sets out nationwide regulations for the practice.

Ottawa's proposed marijuana legalization regulations allow Canadians to grow up to four marijuana plants at their residences.

Medical users are already allowed to grow at home after a federal court ruled in 2016 that the government cannot ban patients from growing their own cannabis.

However, the Canadian Real Estate Association said the ban it is requesting applies to home cultivation for recreational users when marijuana legalized later this year.

It wants the government to amend regulations to stop home grown pot until provinces can enact their own regulations dealing with the matter — and believes Ottawa should provide provinces with guidance on ``safe home cultivation.''

The association, which represents more than

The Ontario Real Estate Association has called for the provincial government to restrict the number of plants a home owner can grow, depending on the size.

SUBMITTED PHOTO

prohibit home cultivation of weed.

Earlier this month, the Ontario Real Estate Association called for the provincial government to restrict the number of plants a home owner can grow, depending on the size. It recommended that home owners growing cannabis in a condo or apartment unit that is 1,000-square-feet or smaller should be limited to one plant, down from four. The industry association said this restriction, and other proposed changes, would help protect home buyers from health and safety risks linked to grow-ops.

Health Canada was not immediately available to comment on Monday, but its website says that provincial, territorial and municipal governments will be allowed to set further restrictions on personal cultivation beyond what is outlined in the proposed Bill C-45.

However, Federal Justice Minister Jody Wilson-Raybould said in February that federal rules around marijuana will take precedence over provincial law. She has also said that if provincial prohibitions are challenged in court, the federal law will prevail.

dence, the tribunal said it was evident that the incident had a profound impact on him. ``It has fundamentally changed the way that he perceives Toronto, and the level of the city's inclusiveness,'' the tribunal's ruling stated, noting that Wickham feels less accepted in the city as a result. ``The incident was a rude awakening.''

Toronto eatery racially profiled black man, human rights tribunal rules CANADIAN PRESS

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

TORONTO —Ontario’s human rights tribunal has ordered a downtown Toronto restaurant to pay $10,000 to a black man for violating his rights after the establishment asked him and three friends to pre-pay for their meal.

TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

19

Land deal will preserve site linked to Lost Colony mystery Group buys 1,000-acre property that could be site of colonial settlement

MARTHA WAGGONER

twitter.com/mjwaggonern

TWO ROW TIMES

RALEIGH, NC — Efforts to unravel the mysterious fate of North Carolina's fabled Lost Colony could benefit after a preservation group took out its first-ever loan to buy a coastal tract where some colonists may have resettled hundreds of years ago.

The 16th century English colonists who vanished after being left in the New World have piqued popular imagination and intrigued historians for centuries.

One North Carolina community is even holding a Lost Colony Festival this weekend. The preservation of land linked to their disappearance could enable future researchers to shed new light on the historic riddle.

The 1,000-acre property is so special historically and ecologically that the North Carolina Coastal Land Trust decided to take a risk and borrow $5.3 million for a real estate deal, said Lee Leidy, attorney and Northeast Region director for the trust. It's the first time in 26 years that the trust has done so.

The trust plans to turn the property over to the state, eventually, preserving it for future study. ``It was a veritable time capsule of important historical events,'' Leidy said.

In addition to being the place where historians now believe some of the colonists resettled, the land in rural Bertie County has been home to an Indian village and to the plantation of Gov. Thomas Pollock, who served two stints as governor in the early 1700s. The land, which includes 3.5 miles along Salmon Creek, is important ecologically, with flood plain forests of cypress-gum swamp and bottomland hardwood forest.

The military also uses the area as a central training route and supported the preservation, Leidy said.

The non-profit trust, which has preserved almost 70,000 undeveloped acres since 1992,

The 16th century English colonists who vanished after being left in the New World have piqued popular imagination and intrigued historians for centuries.

SUBMITTED PHOTO

purchased the land last year and plans to pay off the loans with money from grants. While there's no specific timetable for turning the property over to the state, an official from the N.C. Division of Parks and Recreation will visit the site May 14, Leidy said.

England's ill-fated first settlement in North America was established in 1587, when 116 English settlers landed on Roanoke Island in what is now North Carolina, led by explorer John White.

He left them there when he sailed back to England that same year for more supplies. When he returned in 1590, delayed by war between England and Spain, none of the colonists remained.

White knew the majority had planned to move ``50 miles into the maine,'' as he wrote, referring to the mainland.

The only clues he found about the fate of the other two dozen were the word ``CROATOAN'' carved into a post and ``CRO'' lettered on a tree trunk, leading historians to suspect they moved south to live with American Indians on what's now Hatteras Island.

Archaeologists now believe that some found their way to the land in Bertie County. The possibility first came to light in

2012, when researchers at the British Museum in London announced they had found a drawing of a fort that had been obscured under a patch on a map of Virginia and North Carolina drawn by White in the 1580s.

The drawing placed the fort in an area of Bertie County where archaeologists have found colonial-era English pottery and signs of a Native American village.

While the area is best known now for its prob-

able Lost Colony connection, it has more pottery shards from the Indian village of Mettaquem than from the Europeans, said Nick Luccketti, co-vice-president of the First Colony Foundation, the group spearheading the archaeological dig on a parcel known as Site X. The Native Americans are ``a hugely important part of the story,'' said Phil Evans, president of the foundation. ``We tend to take a Euro-centric view but ... that site can tell a

The only clues found about the fate of the settlers were the word ``CROATOAN'' carved into a post and ``CRO'' lettered on a tree trunk.

SUBMITTED PHOTO

whole century of North Carolina history from 1584 to the Tuscarora wars of the 1700s. It's a century of North Carolina history that's often forgotten because there are no standing structures for people to see.''

Luccketti and Evans believe perhaps up to 12 members of the Lost Colony settled on Site X, possibly as a watch party for incoming friendly or enemy ships. The remains of other small settlements or a single large one could

be located nearby in areas where they haven't dug, they said.

Meanwhile, the small town of Windsor, population about 27,000, is hosting its third annual Lost Colony Festival on Saturday. The town's tourism director, Billy Smithwick, envisions a Lost Colony visitors centre there after the state takes over the property, along with other attractions to attract visitors. ``It's a little gift from heaven,'' he said.

Elva Jamieson, Traditional Medicine Practitioner Karen Hill, MD, CCFP Family Medicine Physician

Juddah’s Place

Valerie King, MSW, RSW, BA Holistic Practitioner

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3534 Sixth Line § RR 2 § Ohsweken ON N0A 1M0 § Phone: 905.765.1200 § Fax: 905.765.1233 § juddahsplace@gmail.com

20

TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

Mohawk community's 'marry out, get out' law ruled unconstitutional NAHNDA GARLOW

nahnda@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

Apply Today

Six Nations of the Grand River Development Corporation is seeking a:

Vice President of Finance & Administration Reporting to the President/CEO the Vice President of Finance & Administration (VP F&A) will have the overall responsibility of all aspects of the Six Nations of the Grand River Development Corporation’s (SNGRDC) financial operations, as well as administrative day-to-day operations. The VP F&A’s primary responsibility is to oversee the financial administration of the SNGRDC group and serve as the chief financial spokesperson for the organization.

In addition, the VP F&A will assist the CEO in the day-to-day administration and management of Nation Enterprises.

Six Nations of the Grand River Development Corporation (SNGRDC) is a fast growing, community-owned corporation with a focus on sustainable economic development, green energy, and tourism.

For a more detailed description of this and other job opportunities please visit:

www.sndevcorp.ca/careers

GROWING OUR COMMUNITY’S FUTURE

Call for Applications Six Nations of the Grand River Development Corporation Group is seeking:

Two (2) Members for the Advisory Committee The Advisory Committee provides oversight to the SNGRDC Board of Directors and the Economic Development Trust. This includes each entity is acting in a socially responsible manner which preserves Six Nations’ cultural integrity and operates in line with the values and long-term plan of the community.

One (1) Director for the Board of Directors The Board of Directors oversees the business activities of the Six Nations of the Grand River Development Corporation, which includes the supervision of the President/CEO according to the Guiding Principles and approved policies.

Application Process Interested applicants should submit a sealed application, resume and cover letter stating their qualifications by May 2, 2018 at 4 pm.

Applications can be dropped off at 2498 Chiefswood Rd. (Six Nations Tourism Building) during regular business hours.

Applications received after the deadline of May 2, 2018 at 4 pm, will not be considered.

For an application package visit: www.sndevcorp.ca or contact: Tyler Ferguson, Acting Director of Corporate Affairs Email: tferguson@sndevcorp.ca or call: 519-753-1950

GROWING OUR COMMUNITY’S FUTURE

MONTREAL — A judge has ruled that a residency by-law prohibiting Kahnawake Mohawks from residing in the community with their non-native spouses or mixed children is unconstitutional.

The ruling says the so-called “marry out, get out” law discriminates Kahnawake members on the basis of family and civil status.

Quebec Superior Court Justice Thomas Davis said the 37-year-old bylaw assumes non-Indigenous spouses will use the resources of the band in a way that is detrimental to it and will have a negative impact on the ability of the band to protect its culture and land.

In his ruling, the judge said federal government actions over the years have disadvantaged the Mohawks because they had lands expropriated and for many years were discouraged from practis-

ing their own culture.

But Davis noted that none of the chiefs who testified were able to provide objective evidence that mixed marriages have an impact on land use or erosion of Mohawk culture.

A group of 16 plaintiffs banded together to challenge the membership policy they called discriminatory.

Some left the community, while others remained.

They told the court they were exposed to protests, threats and expulsion notices. ``At first glance, I think we're very happy this rule was deemed unconstitutional because it was quite problematic,'' Genevieve Grey, one of the lawyers who represented the plaintiffs, said in an interview.

The membership rule has existed for more than three decades and the council argued in court it was ``theoretical'' because no one has ever been removed by force from the territory.

But Davis wrote it was clearly demonstrated that

people's lives had been affected. He ordered the council to pay seven complainants a total of $35,000 in moral damages.

The judgment gives the Mohawk Council of Kahnawake a certain level of autonomy in dealing with the matter as well as the possibility of finding another measure to protect lands, language and culture – but one that respects the Charter. ``The court notes that in many of its sections, the KML recognizes the importance of commitment to language and culture by people applying to be members,'' the judge wrote. ``Perhaps going forward, the (Mohawk Council of Kahnawake) should consider placing more importance on that commitment than on the origins of one's spouse.''

In response to Monday's ruling, the Mohawk council said in a statement its legal team is reviewing the judgment and will present its findings later this week.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 21

TWO ROW TIMES

May 2nd, 2018

21

Ottawa to test public emergency alert system next week CANADIAN PRESS

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

OTTAWA — Millions of cellphones, tablets and other portable devices will sound off across the country next week to test Canada's new public emergency alert system.

The country's broadcast and telecom regulator says the tests will be carried out next Monday in Ontario and Quebec and on Wednesday in the rest of the country.

Test signals will go to ev-

ery mobile device connected to an LTE network and will also be aired on TV and radio stations in the same regions.

All wireless service providers were required to distribute emergency messages as of April 6 under the national warning system known as Alert Ready.

The signals are controlled by emergency management officials to warn the public of imminent threats, such as tornadoes, floods and fires, as well as water contaminations and Amber alerts.

Depending on the

service provider, the alerts could make a distinctive noise or simply buzz a device, although in some cases, users will have to acknowledge receipt of the alert before being able to resume normal function of their devices.

Radio and television stations will air an audible squealing siren sound, along with an emergency test message.

The mandatory tests are being conducted as part of national Emergency Preparedness Week, which begins May 6.

on the case has been rendered. We are now taking the time to analyze the decision and will inform the community further in the coming days.''

Grey said the plaintiffs recognize the matter remains a very emotional issue on all sides. ``Our hope is that even-

tually things will change,'' she said. ``I think that right now everyone is stuck with their own perspective.

With this judgment, we hope attitudes will change.''

Council reviewing the decision

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 20

``Obviously we maintain the position that matters that are so integral to our identity have no business in outside courts,'' commented Mohawk Council of Kahnawake Grand Chief Joe Norton. ``However, a decision

– With files from Canadian Press

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Contract P/T TBD Cook Six Nations of the Grand River Dev. Corp.

Contract P/T TBD Lead Information Manager – Indspire, Six Nations Full Time TBD Teach for Tomorrow Program Project Coordinator AECON, Six Nations Contract TBD Historical Interpreter Six Nations Of The Grand River Development Corporation Contract TBD Cultural Interpreter-Tourism Six Nations Of The Grand River Development Corporation Contract TBD Financial Controller Six Nations Of The Grand River Development Corporation Full Time TBD

EMPLOYER/LOCATION Family Health Team, Health Services Water/ Sewer Public Works Ogwadeni:deo, Social Services

TERM Contract (Maternity) Contract Contract (Potential Full Time)

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May 2, 2018 May 9, 2018 May 9, 2018 May 9, 2018 May 9, 2018 May 9, 2018 May 9, 2018 May 16, 2018 May 16, 2018 May 16, 2018 May 16, 2018 May 16, 2018 May 16, 2018 On Going Until Fil ed On Going Until Fil ed On Going Until Fil ed On Going Until Fil ed

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22 2

ATTN:

TWO TWO ROW ROW TIMES TIMES

May25TH, 2nd, 2018 APRIL

send notices to ads@tworowtimes.com Obituaries

Coming Events

ANDERSON: Nicole Melissa

Mothers Day Turkey Supper Friday, May 11, 2018 St. Pauls Church 1187 Sour Springs Road Six Nations 4:00pm - 7:00pm Adults $15.00 Children 6 to 16 $8.00 Under 5 Free Take out available Mothers Gift table tickets

Suddenly at West Haldimand Hospital, Hagersville on Friday April 27, 2018 at the age of 37 years. Beloved wife of Andrew “Jimbob” VanEvery. Loving mother of Damon, Braydon, Nikalos, and Makayla. Dear daughter of Wayne & Jane Martin and the late Janet Anderson.

Sister of Kyle (Jen), and the late Lindsey. Daughter in law of Margaret & John Green. Sister in law of Ken (Stacie), & Melvin Jr. (Kelly). Nicole will also be remembered by her nieces, nephews, aunts, uncles, and cousins. Resting at Styres Funeral Home, 1798 4th Line Rd., Ohsweken after 2 pm Monday, Evening Service 7 pm Monday. Funeral Service will be held in the Chapel on Tuesday, May 1, 2018 at 1 pm. Interment St. John’s Anglican Cemetery. www.rhbanderson.com

Notice

Thank You

We would like to thank the Dreamcatcher Charitable Foundations for assisting us with our 2017-2018 hockey season with the Brantford Church Hockey League.

Nya:weh, Romyn Montour (PeeWee "B" Champions) & Ryersyn Montour (Atom "A" Champions and Atom City Champions)

Notice

St. Paul's Church, 1187 Sour Springs Road Cemetery Clean-up Saturday, May 5, 2018 11am to ??

If you have a loved one buried at St. Paul's, we would appreciate your help in this clean-up.

Please join us for the last service at St. Peter's Anglican Church on Sunday May 6, 2018 at 10:00 A.M.

Fundraiser

Sour Springs Longhouse Fundraiser Breakfast Sunday May 6, 2018 8:00am - 11:30am Prices Adults $10.00 Seniors $8.00 5-12 yrs $5.00 Under 5 - FREE Toonie Table and Takeout available

Puppies Wanted

WANTED: Puppies for good homes.

Will pay for your pups or we'll pay you a finder's fee.

Call (289) 377-9623

Mother’s Day Breakfast At the Onondaga Longhouse Sunday May 13th 2018 7:30a.m. - 11:30a.m.

Adults: $10.00 Seniors & Children 6yr12yr: $8:00 Preschool Free Proceeds towards a New Dining Hall Raffle Draw, 50/50, Scratchboard Happy Mother’s Day

Yard Sale

"Long Awaited Spring" Yard Sale Friday & Saturday May 4th & 5th 8 a.m. – 3 p.m.

7365 Indian Line Rd. (near Mohawk Rd.) Something 4 Every 1 including: Drum Set Table - C.D.'s - Movies - Books - Toys - Clothes (All sizes) - Shows Housewares and much - much more

Village Pizza

Dine in, Takeout & Delivery Available 1766 Fourth Line Ohsweken, ON

519-445-0396

Halls for Rent

Fundraiser

Royal Canadian Legion Branch 90 21 Oak St Brantford 519-752-0331

We are accepting

HALL RENTAL RESERVATIONS

Contact Timarah @ 289-659-6916 for tickets Mark Hill 519-758-4282 & https://www.gofundme.com/lets-cure-tucker

Services

for your event

Buck and Doe - Birthdays Holiday Parties - Anniversaries Weddings Family Reunions - Showers Celebration of Life or ANY special event.

Branch 90 has been serving the Brant County area since 1927 and will be happy to ensure your visit to us is a memorable one!

We also have entertainment every Friday night and Karaoke Saturday evening.

Buck and Doe

TWO TWO ROW ROW TIMES TIMES

May MAY 2nd, 2ND, 2018 2018

CLUES ACROSS 1. In bed 5. Project portfolio management 8. __ Bator: Mongolian capital 12. Roamed 14. Notre Dame legend Parseghian 15. Nothing (Spanish) 16. Not level 18. Self-contained aircraft unit 19. Baseball broadcaster Caray 20. __ Tomei, actress 21. “The Raven” writer 22. Bathrooms 23. Skilled inventors 26. Forcefully silence 30. Remove 31. The arrival of daylight 32. Split lentils 33. “Walking Dead” actress 34. A lazy person 39. Doctors’ group 42. Crooks 44. Fragrant essential oil 46. Conjured 47. One who predicts 49. Scarlett’s home 50. Television network 51. Something comparable to another 56. What a thespian does 57. Word element meaning life 58. Italian island 59. “King of Queens” actress Remini 60. Jogged 61. Norse gods 62. Lazily 63. Midway between northeast and east 64. Hindu queen CLUES DOWN 1. Top Rank boxing promoter 2. __ fide (Latin) 3. At all times 4. Hindu female deity

23 31

ARIES – Mar 21/Apr 20 Aries, take a step back and analyze your current situation before making any other moves. You may be barking up the wrong tree, and you will need a new approach.

TAURUS – Apr 21/May 21 Taurus, there may be many things you wish to say to someone special, but you just do not know how to find the words. You can convey much more through actions.

GEMINI – May 22/Jun 21 Gemini, if you have your hand in three or more projects, you may need to step back. It’s hard to devote your full attention to each task when you’re juggling so much at once.

5. Tufts of hairs on plant seeds 6. Edited 7. Portuguese archipelago 8. Your parents’ brothers 9. Pakistani city 10. Farewell 11. Short sleep sessions 13. Remove salt 17. Drug officers 24. One and only 25. The Golden State 26. Fabric baby carrier (abbr.)

27. Quid pro __ 28. New England research university 29. Baseball pitcher’s stat 35. Western India island 36. __ Angeles

Answers for May 2, 2018 Crossword Puzzle

37. Midway between east and southeast 38. British singer Stewart 40. Suggesting the horror of death and decay 41. Riding horse 42. Where wrestlers work 43. Regions 44. Of a main artery 45. Not classy 47. Competed against 48. Biscuit-like cake 49. Large ankle bones 52. Computer company 53. “Friends” actress Kudrow 54. “Chocolat” actress Lena 55. Brain folds

SUDOKU

CANCER – Jun 22/Jul 22 Cancer, it is good to have a sense of humor, and you may need a little extra patience at work this week.

When times get tough, surround yourself with lighthearted people.

LEO – Jul 23/Aug 23 Leo, you may have to take someone’s word on something or put your ultimate trust in an individual this week. It may be challenging, but let down your guard.

VIRGO – Aug 24/Sept 22 You need to find firm footing in your career, Virgo; otherwise, you may suffer from lack of direction.

Start putting out feelers and begin networking.

LIBRA – Sept 23/Oct 23 Don’t underestimate your abilities, Libra. As a general people-pleaser, you have the ability to smooth over many situations with a calming word.

SCORPIO – Oct 24/Nov 22 It’s in your nature to want to get to the root of every problem and find out the answers to all the puzzles, Scorpio. This can be tiring, but when you’re determined it’s essential.

SAGITTARIUS – Nov 23/Dec 21 Various factors may be clouding your decisionmaking skills, Sagittarius. If you’re not sure what to do, trust someone else who has always supported you.

CAPRICORN – Dec 22/Jan 20 Capricorn, finances have been drawing your attention in your life a lot lately. Pay attention to the subtle clues to get your assets in order.

AQUARIUS – Jan 21/Feb 18 Swimming against the tide will only tire you out, Aquarius. If the battle isn’t worth waging on something trivial, just go with the flow. Save your energy for bigger issues.

Experience Iroquois Culture & Hospitality at this Gracious Country Inn

The Bear’s Inn

3304 Sixth Line Rd. Ohsweken, Ontario N0A 1M0 Phone: (905) 765-7884 Fax: (905) 765-3154 construction@sitnbull.ca

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1979 4th Line Road, Ohsweken, Ontario N0A 1M0 P.O. Box 187, Six Nations of the Grand River Tel: (519) 445-4133 • E-Mail: innkeeper@thebearsinn.com www.thebearsinn.com

PISCES – Feb 19/Mar 20 There are some very interesting opportunities coming your way, Pisces. Just be sure to grab onto them fast.

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24

TWO ROW TIMES

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ELGIN ST.

COMES IN BLACK OR BROWN

$

HWY 403

SOFA, 1499 LOVESEAT AND RECLINERS $

SINGLE

WAYNE GRETZKY PARKWAY