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TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017

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OHSWEKEN – Years of hard work and studying, or just being naturally gifted at his studies, has paid off for Isaac (Ike) SquireHill. J.C. Hill’s 2017 valedictorian. “One thing I really like about J.C. Hill is that you can tell the teachers care a lot about the students and want to see you succeed,” said 14-year-old Ike from Six Nations. The school held its Grade 8 graduation and awards ceremony last week on June 22 where several students, including Miss Teen Six Nations Shailee Sandy who took home several awards as well, were celebrated for their successes throughout their time at the school. Ike has good attendance

Left to right: Cole Powless, Brenden Anderson, Isaac (Ike) Squire-Hill, Lindyn Hill, Keelan Point and Raymond "Kobe" Hill seen at J. C. Hill's Grade 8 graduation ceremony held last week. Ike is this year's valedictorian and gave a speech at the ceremony. SUBMITTED PHOTO at the school and finished the year with an 82.75 per cent overall average in his classes. Ike took home the Math Award for his class, a Language Arts Award, a Science Award, a History

award, and made it into Club 80. “I’m really proud of my brother,” said Ike’s sister Tiffany Thomas. “He didn’t quite get as many awards as me when I graduated

[laughs] but I’m still super proud of him.” Ike said he has a lot of good memories from J.C. Hill, but one of his favourites was graduating this past week. He thanks his

family for getting him to school and helping him be there on time. Ike’s homeroom teacher, Mr. Hill, was his favourite teacher. “He was really funny,” said Ike. “And he taught math differently than other teachers have in the past. He really breaks it down for you step-by-step and that really helps.” As much as he enjoyed his time at J.C. Hill, Ike said he wishes it didn’t start so early. If he could change any one rule at school, it would be to allow students to wear hats. “Yeah you can’t wear hats and I really wish you could,” he said. Ike excels in a lot of sports, especially lacrosse, and currently plays in the Ontario Lacrosse League (OLA) on the Six Nations Warriors.

The school helps students get most of their work done in class opposed to assigning a lot of homework, which Ike really appreciated and said helped him stay motivated. “It’s not hard to get and maintain good grades,” he said. “Show up, do the work, listen, and have a good attitude.” Ike is not sure what he wants to do or study after high school but he knows he has time to decide. “Not too sure what I would want to be yet. There’s a lot of options out there I just haven’t really thought about it yet.” The Two Row Times congratulates all students who graduated and completed programs on or off the territory this year.

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TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017

Executive director oversees new phase of museum By Jim Windle

EAGLES NEST/BRANTFORD – Paula Whitlow, new executive director of the Woodland Cul-tural Museum, may have a new title with new responsibilities, but she is certainly not a rookie. In fact, this is more a full circle than a new appointment. She served as interim executive direc-tor from this past March until May when the job officially became hers. “I started my museum career here at the Woodlands, and learned under some very good leader-ship with Tom Hill and Judy Harris, and most recently Janice Monture,” says Whitlow. “She too was from what I call the school of Tom Hill.” As far as any changes or new programs under her watch, Whitlow says that the programs have already been set by the previous administration and it will be her job to see those plans through. Whitlow is formerly the curator of the Chiefswood Museum, the family home of poet E. Pauline Johnson, and has extensive knowledge of the history of Six Nations. That plus already having worked at the Woodland Museum, it was a natural transition for both herself and the museum. “What is taking place right now is just modernizing the museum with more interactive displays and fresh looks at the layout of the museum itself,” says Whitlow. “Part of all that is funding, and so sourcing out new funds will be needed to bring the museum into the 21st century.” She is investigating new technologies to better present the story of the “Woodland Indians” which includes both Haudenosaunee and Anishinaabe, as well as earlier pre-history inhabitants of this region. “The current permanent display area was designed in the 1980s and

Woodland Cultural Centre and Museum executive director, Paula Whitlow, displays one of thousands of school related artifacts found behind walls and floorboards during the restoration work on the old school. It is a hand written daily maintenance log dated 1900. Other more personal items left behind by former students also will help tell the story of the Residential Schools era in Canadian history. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

has not changed much since,” she says. She admits that, although she knows those displays are entirely accurate, they need to be more eye-catching, interactive and imagination grabbing — all goals on her list of to-do’s. Whitlow is also in charge of the restorations being done at the old Mohawk Institute School to convert it into a museum dedicated to the thousands of children who once attended. Serious breaches of trust, abuses of all kinds and even preventable deaths occurred in the name of the Church and the Canadian government behind those notso-hallowed walls. This is one of the most exciting projects currently underway for Whitlow. She is proud to say that those who are working on the restoration project are not simply renova-tors, but rather a historical restoration team, finding, cataloguing and restoring items found hidden behind the wallboards or under floor-

boards and staircases. Although most of the finds have been modest, they represent just how treasured the simplest of toys, or extra clothing were to children ripped from their homes and culture. There were some old food cans found, roughly torn open probably with a jack knife by at least one hungry student during their awful stay at what became known as the “Mush Hole.” “I know some kids used to sneak out at night and walk over to the dump to find food,” says Whitlow. “The kids were always kept hungry there.” One of the most interesting finds to date is a handwritten ledger that journals the day-to-day ac-tivity of the maintenance man dated, 1900. It was found when the front porch was removed. There are Valentine’s Day cards that where so treasured by the lovestarved children, they were hidden from the teachers for fear they would be taken away.

The last name on the cards was Peters. It was policy to remove Indigenous children from any remembrance of their language, culture and at times, even their parents. “I think there were two Peters brothers here at the time and they got cards from their parents and hide them like gold,” says Whitlow. But most items found were only priceless treasures to the children who hid them over the years and generations. The Mush Hole first opened in its original form as the “Indian Mechanics School” around 1824 and continued, through two new buildings, until 1970 when it was closed for the last time. Infor-mation gathered by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission shows that the worst of times at the Mohawk Institute for the children were between the 1920s right up and including the last days of the Residential Schools policy. Phase two is to upgrade the electrical and plumbing to accommodate the new interactive tech-nologies as well as the many people anticipated to go through the museum once it is complete. The artifacts have been registered with the Elected Council which controls the museum land and buildings on behalf of the people of Six Nations, and therefore, anything found inside. However, the artifacts will be under the care of WCC. A display of these items is being worked on and will likely go on show before the school building is reopened, in 2021. Another project is to compile on video or audio the stories of as many Mush Hole Survivors as might be willing to go on record for future generations. They are gathering funding for that part of the project as well. Interest in the hidden CONTINUED ON PAGE 8

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By Chezney Martin SIX NATIONS – Hundreds gathered within Chiefswood Park to partake in what is one of the largest showcases of solidarity in the Six Nations community on Wednesday, June 21. From candy apples and cotton candy, to a free-ofcharge banquet and vendors – the day was filled with smiles and laughs as families and friends gathered to celebrate their indigenous heritage as part of National Aboriginal Day. PHOTOS BY CHEZNEY MARTIN

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TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017

Got a thought to share? Send us your letters: tworowtimes@gmail.com

OPINION A birthday?

EDITORIAL BY JONATHAN GARLOW Last week the community learned the director of the Haudenosaunee Development Institute (HDI) believes that the Two Row Times is the newspaper of the Elected council. That is what they want people to believe. Wasn’t HDI an official body created to fairly represent the whole community? We as a media outlet have tried repeatedly to get as much information from HDI as we could but were regularly pointed to their website and that’s it. The latest tactic to silence the media is similar to Trump’s America and it is affecting us right here. To set the public record straight, we say the Two Row Times is everybody’s newspaper. Everybody includes those of us who work for HDI, Elected Council and even Canada. We publish in the Spirit of All Nations —all people. We celebrate diversity of opinion and taste. The Two Row Times has published articles in the past that our editor didn’t personally agree with but in the name of diversity we did it anyway and I’m glad. That’s what the Haudenosaunee should be famous for, hearing the other side out. The very first council sat families who had violently killed each other yet they were able to put that aside for the future generations — for us. Why can’t our families sit down and work everything out like that one more time? Instead of obsessing over

negativity we have the opportunity to decide today to create an atmosphere of kindness. It happens little by little when we choose to build each other up instead of breaking each other down. Be intentional, day by day. Despite the cruel lessons we learned from residential school and colonialism, kindness is woven into our DNA. Look how patient and how kind we have been to our visitors the Canadians. Instead of wishing Canada a happy birthday, let’s imagine a letter hand delivered to Buckingham Palace:

Dear Queen Elizabeth, friend, ally and European equivalent to all the regular Haudenosaunee woman (that’s how I would start), It has come to the attention of the Six Nations people that your constitutional monarchy, which you call Canada, has aged another year. We are not sure if it was birthed in 1867, 1931, or 1982 but we urge you to inform your citizens about the true nature of our historic relationship. We also demand to be released from this Indian Act which has nothing to do with us and instead be given full authority over our own trust accounts, lands, economy and future. At that point we can sincerely wish your country Happy Birthday. Would that be a good letter, or no? Submit what you would write to the Queen on July 1 to tworowtimes@gmail.com.

150th opens doors to dialogue By Chezney Martin “Essentially, in order for Canada to become the Canada that it is today indigenous peoples have been treated as more of an obstacle to be overcome and less of people who actually lived here,” reads Maclean's Magazine. One hundred and fifty years ago, the Confederation of Canada was signed to make the former colonies of Canada, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia into one big British colony. Thus, the celebration of 150 years of colonization is nearly upon us. So, what are Canadians celebrating? If out of interest you research Canadians and their relationships with Canada, you will find that there is no mention of indigenous people at all, but there is a lot of what they call “Canadian culture”. Canadian writers will write about Canadian diversity and how there are 200 plus “ethnic groups” across Canada by immigrational means, but won't mention the 200 plus indigenous nations, tribes and groups in Canada that were already here, or the hundreds that were eradicated through the processes of colonization. Canada also likes to make a boast of being multi-lingual, but tries to sweep the responsibility of stolen indigenous languages under

the rug as nearly all indigenous languages were either erased or mutated from the effects of residential schools. And although Canadian symbols are clad with maple leaves, maple syrup, totem poles, canoes, Inukshuks, beavers and so many other symbols that are distinctly tied to the indigenous people of this land: you won't hear much about indigenous people when Canadians talk about “their” symbols. To top it off, admittedly one of the most athletic sports, lacrosse is considered to be “Canada's sport,” and it's been paraded as being 150 years old this year. It's almost as if they don't know that any of the above are tied to indigenous people. And there are so many indigenous people that see the realities of this country and face them every day in systems that were put in place to erase our ancestors’ involvement in the development of this country. And that is exactly why Canada's 150th “Birthday” has opened the doors for national dialogue as indigenous people, activists, journalists and the like speak out to voice their objection to the day in its entirety. And lot of their objections are formulated from truth. The truth found in the real history of this country can change perspectives of patrio-

tism, perhaps that is why Canada's real history isn't prevalent. So, although Canada seems to play blind and deaf to how ignorant the celebration is, sometimes and this is only sometimes, Canadians can come face-to-face with the truth anyhow. But with rising indigenous voices, it is becoming easier for Canadians to have access to information on indigenous peoples and our interconnected history with Canada; such was the case with Jonathan M.B., form Hamilton, Ont. who found out for himself through a Netflix documentary. “I've been reflecting on aboriginal peoples’ perspective on Canada celebrating 150 years of Confederation,” said M.B. “I completely see why they're not okay with it. Canada became a country because we forced them off of their land, murdered them and forced them to go to residential schools to assimilate them into our culture.” M.B. explained that he saw the documentary on indigenous children's experiences in residential schools called We Were Children, and he said it was “heartbreaking.” “It's hard because I love Canada, but at the same time I hate how we became a country,” he said. “Celebrating Canada's 150th also feels like I'm celebrating cultural genocide.”

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Volume 4, Issue 47

Publisher: Garlow Media Editor-in-Chief: Jonathan Garlow Senior Writer & Sports Editor: Jim Windle Outreach Editor: Nahnda Garlow Oneida Business Park Suite 124 Head of Production: Dave LaForce News Editor: Jayson Koblun Arts & Culture Editor: Chezney Martin Graphic Design: Semiah Smith 50 Generations Drive, Box 1 Advertising Sales Co-ordinator: Marshall Lank Advertising Sales: Tiff Thomas Advertising Sales: Rachel Binek Ohsweken, ON N0A 1M0 Web Manager: Benjamin Doolittle Make advertising cheques payable to:

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TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017

7

’67 riot at the Six Nations Fall Fair By Doug Whitlow, BA

The story you are about to read concerns an incident at the Six Nations Fall Fair in the latter part of the 1960s when a “riot” broke out as a result of an incident between many patrons of the annual Fall Fair and the Ohsweken Detachment of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP/Mounties). At the time of the incident, the author of this article was 19 years old and considered a minor as the age of majority at that stage of Canadian history was 21. The author is unsure of exactly when Mounties arrived in Ohsweken, but we do know that they had been here for several decades prior to the 1960s. The old RCMP barracks, which stood just in front of the Grand River Employment and Training building (GREAT) offices directly across from the Iroquois Plaza, has since been removed leaving everyone with just our memories of all the incidents which occurred between the Six Nations people and the Mounties. The old barracks building was home to at least some of Mounties which Canada had placed in Ohsweken to “Maintain the Right” as was the offi-

Today its just the Gaylord Powless Arena parking lot but this was the old Six Nations Community Hall before it was taken down. PHOTO COURTESY OF SIX NATIONS LANDS AND RESOURCES cial motto of the Mounties in those days. The author believes that the RCMP had arrived as far back as 1924 when the people of the reservation switched over to an elected form of democracy under an Elected Council. Today; however, it does not really matter when the Mounties arrived on the reservation. What matters is that the RCMP were here for some time and the Mounties did play a leading role in the riot at the Fall Fair. Life on or near the Six Nations of the Grand River more than 50 years ago was much different than

they are today as many people did not have access to a phone nor did most people have Hydro or Television. The roads were gravel and dirt and when some criminal event happened, or if a car accident occurred, people had to rely on someone else in the neighbourhood who had a phone to call the police. The young people of the day [author included] had limited access to alcohol and drugs were mostly non-existent other than wild weed if one knew where to get it. Likewise, run-ins with the law were few and far between and the Mounties were just

an irritant that we had learned to ignore for the most part. Prior to the riot at the fair, the author and his friends had met the local Mounties through interactions related to problems at school or for minor driving infractions or drinking under age or any other actions that involved the police. In those days, the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) were based in a converted house on East Colborne Street in Brantford and were almost never present on the reservation. Getting back to the topic at hand; everyone looked forward to the annual Ohsweken

Fair as it gave everyone a chance to see people they had not seen for a while and get caught up on all the local gossip which was going around. This year; however, (I believe it was 1967) was different. From the time my friends and I had arrived at the fair on Saturday, the mood of the crowd felt different. There was a kind of an “electric feeling” in the air and you could tell that the Mounties on patrol could feel it as well. As my friends and I walked around the midway and adjoining racetrack and parking lot, every time we met one or two of the Mounties we would “bump into them” or one of the Mounties would “bump into” one of us and exchange a few unpleasantries (racial slurs) for the most part, as we all knew what the police thought of Indians and most of the Indians felt the same toward the police. This feeling that something was going to happen just kept getting stronger and stronger as the day progressed and finally as evening approached; the electric bubble burst. Three friends of mine and I were sitting in a car in the parking area on the north end of the Community Hall when Corporal Peter

S. And Constable Bob M., walked over to the car and told my friend Jackie G. To “move this car”. Now, the car we were in was blocked in by a car in front, a car behind and cars on both the left and right sides. We could not move. Jackie G. said to the Corporal, “(Expletive) you. I can't move.” The Mountie said again, “I am giving you a direct order to move this damn car.” Jackie G. again told Peter S. that he could not move. Constable Bob M. then looked into the car where I was sitting in the right rear seat and said; “Douglas, you are under arrest” I replied, “for what?” and Bob M. said, “You're under arrest for drinking under age, get out of the car”. I was not drinking and told Bob M. what he could do with himself after which the Constable reached into the car and tried to drag me over my friend John H. who was sitting on my left in the back seat. As we sat arguing with the two Mounties, a crowd began to gather around the car and as the Mounties and I moved out of the car things began to escalate. Somehow I had gotten out of the car and Corporal CONTINUED ON PAGE 32

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TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017

Counterfeit bills passed at local businesses SIX NATIONS — Six Nations Police Service is warning local business owners to of a person attempting to make purchases using counterfeit US bills. Over the weekend 4 incidents were reported at 4 different locations across the reserve. Police say a male attempted to pass counterfeit American $100

bills for two purchases at Townline Variety, Bear Paw Convenience and the Ohsweken Tim Hortons. Police say the suspect fled when employees of the businesses called authorities. Officers want to remind merchants in the area to be cautious when presented with a U.S. bill of a $100.00 denomination.

BRANT — Grand River Conservation Authority is warning local residents to avoid the river due to heavy flooding in the area. Water levels along the Grand remain much higher than normal with significant fast moving debris in the flow.

Officials say some areas of the river haven’t seen this heavy of an influx of precipitation since 2008. GRCA is warning residents to use extreme caution,k eeping children and pets far away from all area waterways until levels return to normal.

Floods ravage local watershed

Museum phase from page 3 world of Indian Residential Schools has been strong especially among non-Natives who are only now becoming aware of this black mark on Canadian history. “Last year, before we closed for renovations, we had 15,000 students go through the building, largely from the GTA,” Whitlow says. “There are advance bookings for tours up to 2018.” Since the building will be unsafe until the construction is complete, a high quality video presenta-tion about the restoration has been produced including a 53-minute virtual tour of the new Mo-hawk Residential School museum and how it will look when it is done. The video is shown at the Woodland Cultur-

al Museum Theatre on announced days, most recent-ly shown during Six Nations Community Awareness Week. Once this project and a separate but related project for a memorial park, which has begun on the front lawn of the old school, the old school grounds that caused so much heartache and despair for so many people, will become a popular tourism destination and point of reflection as well a peaceful, healing park for survivors. Although the old apple trees have been removed to make way for the memorial park, the signa-ture long tree-lined driveway of residential schools across Canada will remain to set the tone for the visitors.

A bearded Doug Moerschfelder and Bits of Bluegrass were spotted singing at the Solidarity Day Celebrations in Chiefswood Park. It should be noted that Dr. James Miller (second from left) was on bass guitar and Hub Maracle on banjer (far right). PHOTO BY CHEZNEY MARTIN

TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017

9

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OCADU

Part-Time: September 2017 Full-Time: September 2017

SNP University Consortium Year 1 Program

Six Nations

1 Year Transfer credit towards programs at Consortium partner institutions

Six Nations Polytechnic University Consortium Agreement

Part-Time: September 2017 Full-Time: September 2017

Early Childhood Education

Brantford

2 Year Diploma

Niagara College

Full-Time: September 2017

General Arts & Sciences (College Transfer)

Six Nations

1 Year Ontario College Certificate

Mohawk College

Full-Time: September 2017

Mechanical Techniques (Production Framer)

Brantford

1 Year Ontario College Certificate

Mohawk College

Full-Time: September 2017

Mechanical Techniques (Manufacturing Processes)

Brantford

Mohawk College

Full-Time: September 2017

Personal Support Worker

Brantford

1 Year Ontario College Certificate

Mohawk College

Full-Time: September 2017

Esthetics

Brantford

16 Weeks, Continuing Education Certificate

Fanshawe College

Full-Time: September 2017

Food Service Worker

Brantford

16 Weeks, Continuing Education Certificate

Fanshawe College

Full-Time: September 2017

Healthcare Office Assistant

Brantford

16 Weeks, Continuing Education Certificate

Fanshawe College

Full-Time: September 2017

Police Foundations

Brantford

2 Years, Ontario College Diploma

Mohawk College

Full-Time: September 2017

Indigenous Visual Arts

1 Year Ontario College Certificate

10

TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017

PAID ADVERTISEMENT

Modular vs. Manufactured homes for indigenous communities When it comes to safe, affordable, and well-built housing, factory-built, modular housing components have been on the rise, and especially in First Nation communities across Ontario. How does a modular home save on cost and time? – Since modular home builders fabricate all the homes at one factory they are able to buy material in bulk quantities at reduced costs. – Fabrication is done in a climate controlled factory so no time is wasted on weather delays which means lower labor costs. – Since the modular building can be completed faster due to the concurrent building process, there are saving on reduced loan interest. Is a modular home or modular office lower

Modular homes are the same as an old-fashioned home. quality than traditional buildings? No, modular buildings use the same materials as site-built homes. They actually have better quality since the pre-fabricated buildings are built in sec-

tions inside the controlled environment of a factory. All modular buildings meet or exceed the same local building codes as a regular home (site-built or stick-built home). What are the differ-

ences between manufactured and modular homes? Manufactured homes are also known as mobile homes. They are built on a non-removable steel chassis (about the size of a flat-

bed truck) and must pass the federal HUD building code. Manufactured homes are normally single or double wide and have a low roof. They are single floor buildings and do not have basements Modular homes are the same as an old-fashioned home. They are constructed according to the state/ local building codes. Modular homes can be any shape or size. They can be multi-leveled and can have basements. Modular homes are built in large segments at an off-site factory and then constructed together at your building site. You will find pre-fabricated and modular homes emerging in the following First Nations communities. The number is growing, and the demand is in its' peak. Aamjiwnaang First Na-

tion, Alderville First Nation, Attawapiskat First Nation, Chapleau Ojibway First Nation, Chippewas of Georgina Island First Nation, Chippewas of the Thames First Nation, Constance Lake First Nation, Curve Lake First Nation, Hiawatha First Nation, Mishkeegogamong First Nation, Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne, Wikwemikong Unceded First Nation, Mohawks of Wahta First Nation, Neskantaga First Nation, New Post First Nation, Nipissing First Nation, Oneida of the Thames First Nation, Pic Mobert First Nation, Red Rock First Nation, Six Nations of the Grand River Territory, Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory, Wahnapitae First Nation, Whitefish River First Nation, Wikwemikong Unceded First Nation, Zhiibaahaasing First Nation.

Delivering Affordable Modular Homes

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Custom Designs * Bungalows *Cape Cod* Two-Story* Mini Homes * Cottage Park Models*

Servicing Northern Ontario - www.nsqh.ca

June 28th, 2017

TWO ROW TIMES

11

Awards at Six Nations Elected Council Ruling on First Nation Child Welfare is a “Slap in the Face”

(from left) Madison Davey and Maci General pose with Elected Council Chief Ava Hill; Davey was awarded a community recognition award for participating in the McMaster Children and Youth University for 4 years as the only indigenous participant, and General was awarded a community recognition award for winning Second Place in the National Fire Safety Poster Contest.

TORONTO – Statement from Ontario Regional Chief Isadore Day: Today’s announcement that the federal government will seek clarity from the Federal Court on two specific aspects of the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal rulings creates further delays and continues to imperil the lives of First Nations children across Canada. Last month, the CHRT again ruled that Canada has yet to comply with previous orders to implement Jordan’s Principle, which is a child-first principle that every First Nation child should have access to the same government services as all Canadian children. The federal government has had ample opportunity within this compliance motion to enter evidence about how to best implement Jordan’s Principle. The government entered no evidence about matters relating to case conferencing or timing needed to answer Jordan’s Principle applications. Canada also could have approached the parties with their

concerns about these aspects of the rulings and come to an agreement about how to implement the ruling. Again, this was not done. Ministers Bennett and Philpott’s appeal is contrary to the Federal Government’s stated desire to work collaboratively on First Nations children’s issues, and continued litigation goes against the foundation of reconciliation. If the federal government had sat down and seriously engaged the parties at any point in the past 18 months, we wouldn’t be here. To launch another appeal, and in so doing deny services, is a slap in the face in this age of Truth and Reconciliation, as well as the fact it comes two days after National Aboriginal Day. I want to remind Canada that the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s Calls to Action are strongly focused on equality in child health and welfare – this means that no child should be left behind, no child should be denied basic human rights.”

◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊GTA/TORONTO ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Addiction ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊& Health Service Worker ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Social ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Mental ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊and ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Worker ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊____________________________________________ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊TYENDINAGA ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Indigenous ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Diabetes ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊and ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Services Support ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Community ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊Community ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Justice ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊& ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊____________________________________________ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊PETERBOROUGH ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ Youth ◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊Care ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ Child ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊and ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ #responsiveeducation ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ 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12

TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017

Court hears expert evidence in Men's Fire case By Jayson Koblun

BRANTFORD – Known members of the Men’s Fire, Bill Monture and Lester Green were in court last week facing assault charges for the removal of Lawyer Aaron Detlor from his office in the Grand River Employment and Training Centre (GREAT) in Ohsweken on April 26, 2016. Seeking expert evidence, Andrew Furgiuele, defence attorney for Monture and Green, called Tekarontake “Paul Delaronde” to the stand on Wednesday, June 21, day three of the trial, to be questioned and deemed an Expert Witness in Haudenosaunee Land Governance. After questioning from both the Crown and Defence, Tekarontake, was qualified as an expert witness in Haudenosaunee Land Governance by Honourable Justice Bourque and the trial moved forward. According to an article by Brian Weingarten on www.bwdefencelaw.com, the use of expert evidence calls for some caution: “The use of expert evidence in criminal cases requires a degree of caution. While expert evidence tendered by either the Crown or the Defence can be a powerful tool to prove guilt or innocence,

Justice Bourque, Attorney Slater, a reporter, and Tekarontake as seen Wednesday June 21 in Brantford court. Tekarontake was qualified as and testified as an Expert Witness in Haudenosaunee Land Governance. ILLUSTRATION BY JAYSON KOBLUN there is also an inherent danger that the trier of fact will place an overemphasis on the evidence. The law of evidence in Canada generally holds that witnesses are only permitted to testify as to their own observations. It would be improper for a lay witness to go a step further and state at trial, ‘in my opinion’." Canadian law says that the rules are different for qualified expert witnesses. “Expert witnesses are an exception to the general evidentiary rule that

prohibits opinion evidence. Individuals who are properly qualified as “experts,” are entitled to present opinions and conclusions on issues that they are qualified to comment upon. Tekarontake, 65, was born and raised near Montreal, in Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, by his grandparents. His grandfather sat on the council in the longhouse as Bear clan chief and his grandmother was utilized by the Bear clan family to be an acting clanmother because she was fully immersed in the

Haudenosaunee ways. “I was forbidden to speak English at home,” said Tekarontake, mentioning that he doesn’t like the word “tradition” and that it can be very misleading. “I grew up in our ways. Listening and asking questions.” Tekarontake sat in council as a Sub-Chief for two and a half years in the ‘70s. He has been invited around the world to speak at various lectures and conventions as a spokesperson on topics that are currently affecting the

Ogweho:weh, or, Real People. Tekarontake often speaks about what he called “Our constitution”, trying to remove stereotypes and remind others of the accomplishments of the Ogweho:weh. Tekarontake was previously qualified as an Expert in Traditional Indian Governance in court proceedings in New York. Crown Attorney Slater asked Tekarontake if there is controversy or disagreement on the role of the “Men’s Fire”, “the Warriors”, or “Young Men” on the Six Nations of the Grand River Territory, which Tekarontake replied by stating, “There are people with conflicting interests who don’t want the old ways to prevail.” Slater asked Tekarontake if he naturally sides with, or aligns himself with, the current state of the Men’s Fire. “I’m not here to choose sides,” said Tekarontake after a few seconds of silence, folding his arms across his chest. “I’m here to share and educate. I’m not here for a side.” Slater asked Tekarontake if he would call himself an advocate for the Men’s Fire and Tekarontake said, “Don’t twist my words. I’ve been advocating for ‘Our Ways’ my whole life.” Tekarontake testified

greatly on the role and responsibility of the men, women, chiefs, and clan mothers in the confederacy, stating that each individual has a responsibility to fulfill and that nobody has authority over anybody. “No one has authority over anybody else. Not the women, not the men, not the clanmothers, not the Royanni. Our people have responsibility, not authority.” Tekarontake said he has acquired a lot of his expert knowledge from elders and leaders from the Grand River area. “I’ve listened to the people, and worked with the people. Those teachings I am talking about are what I’ve learned from the people here. “It was the people from Ohswe:kon who retaught to our people about ‘Kaianerekowa’ [Great Law of Peace]. About how we sit, and council, and how the clan system works because it was outlawed for generations,” said Tekarontake, adding that he prefers to translate Kaianerekowa as the “Great Path” or “Great Teaching”. Tekarontake continued to testify for the rest of the day and Thursday, June 22. Furgiuele said outside of court that the next scheduled trial date is set for early September.

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Logo for the Tewksbury Redmen (inset) is under scrutiny as part of a bill to remove offensive imagery mocking or stereotyping American Indians from school team mascotry.

Proposed bill would ban Native American school macots

By Steve Leblanc And Bob Salsberg (AP) BOSTON — Massachusetts lawmakers are weighing whether to ban the use of Native American mascots in public schools — a proposal that drew strong opinions at a public hearing Tuesday. The push comes after the town of Tewksbury rebuffed efforts to change the name of its high school mascot, the Redmen. Linda Thomas has children in the �irst and fourth grades in Tewksbury and said she doesn't want to signal that ``it's OK to use these images and memes and logos.'' ``The name has becomes so integrated and repeated that the meaning is lost,'' she said. ``People using it don't intend to cause harm, but the impact is harmful and Native Americans have been saying this now for decades.'' Thomas added it's hard to imagine any other racial group being used as a mascot. State Rep. James Miceli, a Democrat who represents Tewksbury, said opinion in the town was overwhelmingly against changing the Redmen mascot. He urged fellow lawmakers to reject the bill outright or exempt communities that already have voted, as Tewksbury did at a town meeting. ``The Indians have been to that community many times,'' Miceli said after testifying. ``We held powwows in that town. Never once when I have seen this did they mention anything in opposition'' to the mascot. There are even divisions among Native Americans. Gloria Colon, outreach co-ordinator for the North American Indian Center of Boston, said she is troubled about the way some mascots are portrayed. ``Some of them depict large noses and some of them seem to be angry, so that's very offensive to me,'' said Colon, of Micmac heritage. But Gene Weeden Williams, a Narra-

gansett Indian who lives in Amesbury, saw nothing to be gained by going after Native American mascots. ``My people need help, but that's not the kind of help we need,'' said Williams, adding he does not take offence to sports teams using the names. ``It could get worse for us by causing a division between my people and other people.'' The bill de�ines a Native American mascot as a ``name, symbol, or image that depicts or refers to an American Indian tribe, individual, custom, or tradition that is used by a public school as a mascot, nickname, logo, letterhead, or team name.'' The bill gives speci�ic examples, including ``Redskins,'' ''Savages,`` ''Indians,`` ''Indianettes,`` ''Chiefs,`` ''Chieftains,`` ''Braves,`` or ''Redmen.`` Republican Gov. Charlie Baker said Monday he's waiting to see what action the Legislature takes, if any, but added, ``I don't think anybody should use anything as a mascot in a derogatory sense.'' Democratic Senate President Stan Rosenberg said he's heard mixed messages from residents. In 2015, California Gov. Jerry Brown signed legislation making the state the �irst to bar public schools from using the Redskins name for sports teams. In Oregon, school districts with tribal mascots must do away with them by July 1. The state makes exceptions for districts that get the approval of one of Oregon's nine tribes. In Wisconsin, opponents of Native American mascots can �ile a complaint. In 1993, the Washington State Board of Education passed a resolution encouraging schools to drop Native American mascots. Some Massachusetts school districts have taken similar action. In 1988 Wellesley High dropped the word ``red'' from its Red Raiders nickname and adopted a pirate mascot. Since then, Frontier Regional School

in Dee�ield changed its name from Redskins to Red Hawks. Natick switched from ``Redmen'' to Red Hawks. And the Gill-Montague Regional School Committee dropped Indians as the mascot for Turners Falls High School. The controversy has also embroiled professional sports teams, notably the NFL's Washington Redskins and the Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball. In 2014, the U.S. Patent and Trademark of�ice declined to register several trademarks for the Redskins, a franchise that was founded in Boston in the 1930s, citing federal regulations against protecting words and images that are disparaging or offensive. The team argued the rule violates the First Amendment.

The Chief Wahoo logo of the Cleveland Indians is just one logo which US major sports teams are fighting to keep going.

Ohio group vows to keep pressure on Indians logo The head of an Ohio American Indian group says a Supreme Court decision to strike down the disparagement clause in trademark law

won't affect efforts to get the Cleveland Indians to change their Chief Wahoo logo and nickname. Philip Yenyo, executive director of the American Indian Movement of Ohio, says he does not think Monday's court ruling will help teams like the Washington Redskins and Indians keep monikers that some find offensive. Baseball Commissioner Rob Manfred said earlier this year that he wants the Indians to transition away from using the red-faced, smiling logo. The Supreme Court ruled in a case involving the rock band ``The Slants'' that the government can't refuse to register trademarks that are considered offensive. ___ Washington Redskins owner Dan Snyder says he's ``thrilled'' about the Supreme Court's decision to strike down the disparagement clause in trademark law. The unanimous opinion the court gave Monday to a case involving the rock band ``The Slants'' is expected to set a positive precedent for the Redskins. The court has ruled the government can't refuse to register trademarks that are considered offensive. Redskins lawyer Lisa Blatt says, ``The Supreme Court vindicated the team's position that the First Amendment blocks the government from denying or cancelling a trademark registration based on the government's opinion.'' The NFL declined comment.

HONOUR INDIGENOUS IMAGERY WE ARE #NOTYOURMASCOT

June 28th, 2017

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Justices say law on offensive trademarks is unconstitutional By Sam Hananel (AP) WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court on Monday struck down part of a law that bans offensive trademarks, ruling in favour of an Asian-American rock band called the Slants and giving a major boost to the Washington Redskins in their separate legal �ight over the team name. The justices were unanimous in saying that the 71-year-old trademark law barring disparaging terms infringes free speech rights. ``It offends a bedrock First Amendment principle: Speech may not be banned on the ground that it expresses ideas that offend,'' Justice Samuel Alito said in his opinion for the court. Slants founder Simon Tam tried to trademark the band name in 2011, but the U.S. Patent and Trademark Of�ice denied the request on the ground that it disparages Asians. A federal appeals court in Washington later said the law barring offensive trademarks is unconstitutional. The Redskins made similar arguments after the trademark of�ice ruled in 2014 that the name offends American Indians and cancelled the team's trademark. A federal appeals court in Richmond put the team's case on hold while waiting for the Supreme Court to rule in the Slants case. Tam insisted he was not trying to be offensive, but wanted to transform a derisive term into a statement of pride.

The Redskins also contend their name honours American Indians, but the team has faced decades of legal challenges from Indian groups that say the name is racist. Despite intense public pressure to change the name, Redskins owner Dan Snyder has refused, saying in the past that it ``represents honour, respect and pride'' for Native Americans. Snyder issued a quick response to the decision on Monday: ``I am THRILLED. Hail to the Redskins.'' Redskins attorney Lisa Blatt said the court's decision effectively resolves the Redskins' longstanding dispute with the government. ``The Supreme Court vindicated the team's position that the First Amendment blocks the government from denying or cancelling a trademark registration based on the government's opinion,'' Blatt said. Trademark of�ice spokesman Paul Fucito said of�icials are reviewing the court's ruling and plan to issue further guidance on how they will review trademark applications going forward. While the justices all agreed on the outcome, they split in their rationale for the decision. Alito rejected arguments that the government has an interest in preventing speech that is offensive to certain groups. ``Speech that demeans on the basis of race, ethnicity, gender, religion, age, disability, or any other similar ground is hateful; but the proudest boast of our

free speech jurisprudence is that we protect the freedom to express the thought we hate,'' Alito said in a part of his opinion joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and Justices Clarence Thomas and Stephen Breyer. Writing separately, Justice Anthony Kennedy said ban on disparaging trademarks was a clear form of viewpoint discrimination that is forbidden under the First Amendment. ``A law that can be directed against speech found offensive to some portion of the public can be turned against minority and dissenting views to the detriment of all,'' Kennedy said in an opinion joined by Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Sonya Sotomayor and Elena Kagan. In the Slants case, government of�icials argued that the law did not infringe on free speech rights because the band was still free to use the name even without trademark protection. The same is true for the Redskins, but the team did not want to lose the legal protections that go along with a registered trademark. The protections include blocking the sale of counterfeit merchandise and working to pursue a brand development strategy. A federal appeals court had sided with the Slants in 2015, saying First Amendment protects ``even hurtful speech that harms members of oft-stigmatized communities.'' The section of the law at issue bars the trademark of�ice from registering a

name that may ``disparage or falsely suggest a connection with persons, living or dead, institutions, beliefs or national symbols, or bring them into contempt, or disrepute.'' Critics of the law said the trademark of�ice has been wildly inconsistent over the years in deciding what terms are too offensive to warrant trademark protection. The government has in the past rejected trademarks for the terms ``Heeb'' and ``Injun,'' but allowed those for companies such as Baked By A Negro bakery products, Midget Man condoms, and Dago Swagg clothing. The trademark of�ice for years had raised no concerns about the Redskins, agreeing to register the name in 1967, 1974, 1978 and 1990. But the of�ice cancelled the registrations in 2014 after �inding the name disparaged Native Americans.

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Ancient Tuscarora remedies By Jim Windle

ART CONTEST THIS SUMMER SHOW US HOW YOU CHOOSE TO BOOST VEGGIES & FRUIT! Show us how you make vegetables & fruits an important part of your day! Drawings, paintings, or photos will be accepted. Submission Deadline is September 8th 2017

Top three art submissions will win a gift card and prize pack AND Top 13 will be included in our 2018 calendar! For more information or to submit you work of art please contact Christina at 519-752-4340 ext 328 OR 905-544-4320 ext 328 or email healthykids@dahac.ca

SIX NATIONS – Sometime before 1888, an aged Tuscarora shaman, who went by the English name Joseph Williams, was interviewed about ancient remedies of the Tuscarora for a wide range of ailments. The handwritten manuscripts from that interview were translated from the Tuscarora language, collected by J.N.B. Hewitt and filed with the Bureau of American Ethnology Catalogue of Manuscripts under number 435 — Iroquois, in the year 1888. There were 31 remedies for various diseases handwritten on 15, 8x12 pages. We publish these traditional remedies for historical interest only and do not in any way endorse or promote these remedies as safe for use today. We start with a Tuscarora remedy for goiters. A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland that lies below the Adam's apple at the base of the neck,

as stated by Mayo Clinic. The most common cause internationally is a lack of dietary iodine, but a goiter may also result from the abnormal production of thyroid hormones. Tuscarora remedy: “For the curing of goiter, a necklace of otko’a”’ or a wampum may be worn by the patient, if the swelling be but light. But if the swelling is large, it is said to be necessary to wear a belt of wampum, which it is claimed will effect a cure in six weeks or two months.” NOTE: Can someone help identify for us what “otko’a”’ as used in this remedy, is. Call, email or bring information to us if you know. We leave you with a second Tuscarora remedy this week, this one for “Cholera Morbus”, acute gastroenteritis occurring seasonally and marked by cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting. The term is no longer in scientific use. Tuscarora remedy: “For cholera morbus, a cold in-

fusion of the stocks and leaves of the common Mayweed Maruka Cotula together with the same parts of the Smartweed known in Tuscarora as Ruckya”ke’” also known as Polygonum Hydropiper. It is administered in small doses.” Infusion is the process of extracting chemical compounds or flavors from plant material in a solvent such as water, oil or alcohol, by allowing the material to remain suspended in the solvent over time (a process often called steeping). An infusion is also the name for the resultant liquid. The process of infusion is distinct from decoction, which involves boiling the plant material, or percolation, in which the water passes through the material (as in a coffeemaker). Mayweed Maruka Cotula is also known as Dog Fennel or stinking mayweed. Watch for more ancient Tuscarora remedies next week.

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Gen 7 - Practical Skills Education The Mandate of Gen 7 is guided by a principle of the Iroquois Teaching that states “Every decision made today must insure that it does not interfere with the health, prosperity and well being of our Seventh Generation yet unborn through the practical hands on approach. The mission of Gen 7 is to provide Six Nations youth members and others

with alternative options, processes and strategies within our education system that will allow our youth and those of us who wish to become more self-sufficient and knowledgeable in understanding how the world around us is constructed, works and is maintained. And, to provide the means by which our youth can progress in these areas through the practical

hands-on approach. As well, to make available these options, processes and strategies to all who share in the necessity to provide our youth with the knowledge and tools to achieve the goal of ensuring every child within the education system is provided with options and alternatives when making life choices. Currently, it seems our youth are not being

provided any type of practical or educational understanding of what it actually takes to provide a nice warm home, to fend for themselves in a kitchen or to have the confidence and the basic hands-on ability required to maintain or take care of anything that may occur through out their daily lives. There seems to be a sense of hopelessness and severe lack of confidence within lives of our youth

especially within the ages of 10 to 18 years and especially for those whom are not gifted with athletic ability and\ or academic ability. The hope is, in developing the Gen 7 programs this will provide this age group regardless of their particular circumstances, opportunity, a set of skills, a level of confidence and hope that they may overcome these disadvantages and create

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Clean water: Healthy Community By TRT staff One third of First Nations in Ontario have water systems that are at medium or high risk of producing unsafe water. Undersized or poorly designed systems, inappropriate technology and improper maintenance have led to failed water-treatment plants, water towers and other infrastructure. Most First Nation water and waste water treatment facilities are at high risk of failing. Summary of Ontario Results: The National Assessment surveyed the water and wastewater systems of 120 First Nations in Ontario. Risk – Using AANDC's Risk Level Evaluation Guidelines, the contractor assigned a risk rating to each of the 158 water systems that it inspected: 72 are categorized as high overall risk, 61 as medi-

um overall risk and 25 as low overall risk. Of the 77 wastewater systems inspected, 28 are categorized as high overall risk, 38 as medium overall risk and 11 systems are categorized as low risk. Cost – Having assessed the risk level of each system, the contractor identified the financial cost to meet AANDC's departmental protocols for safe water and wastewater. The total estimated cost for Ontario systems is $309 million which includes, amongst other factors, the development of better management practices, improved operator training, increasing system capacity, and the construction of new infrastructure when required. Growth – The contractor also projected the cost, over ten years, of ensuring that water and wastewater systems for First Nations are able to

grow with First Nation communities. Including the aforementioned $309 million to meet AANDC's current protocols for Ontario water and wastewater systems, the contractor's projections for the cost of new servicing is $1 billion. Investments in Ontario First Nation water and wastewater systems – In 2010 to 2011, AANDC invested in two water systems in Ontario where the system had a high design risk and a high overall risk rating. The Government of Canada has made significant investments in water and wastewater infrastructure in First Nation communities. Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, AANDC invested approximately $318.6 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in Ontario. Major projects included: – completion of the

$8.3 million Kingfisher First Nation water treatment plant through the First Nation Water and Wastewater Action Plan, containing a larger storage capacity enabling it to meet future water demands and allow the community to grow; – investment of $14 million for new Garden Village water and wastewater treatment system at Nipissing First Nation to improve the water quality and communal wastewater treatment within the community; and – development of a $20 million water system in Moose Deer Point First Nation through Canada's Economic Action Plan, including the construction of a new water treatment plant and repairs to the current infrastructure. Federal government’s plan proposes $11.9 billion toward infrastructure over the next five

Sources: www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca www.watercanada.net

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Tick-Talk By Jim Windle

SIX NATIONS – Ticks. Those ugly little eightlegged blood-sucking mites that spoil a nice walk in the woods, are back. Even more worrisome — conditions this summer are great for more ticks to be seeking yours and your pet’s blood in the next few months. Ticks are external parasites living by feeding on the blood of mammals, birds, and sometimes reptiles and amphibians. Ticks are widely distributed around the world, especially in warm, humid climates. Ticks are not just cringe worthy; they are implicated in the transmission of a number of infections. Sometimes the tick harbours more than one type of pathogen, making diagnosis of the infection

more difficult. Some species are responsible for typhus, Rickettsialpox, Boutonneuse Fever, and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, while still other tick-borne diseases include Lyme disease and a host of other fevers depending on the carrier. As hard as one tries no one is immune. Whether in the country or the city, they can find you. They are not all that easy to locate once they settle in and start feeding. They like under the arms, in and around the ears, inside the belly button, back of the knees, in and around hair, between the legs and around the waist. If you locate one of these critters remove the attached tick as soon as you notice it by grasping it with tweezers, as close to the skin as possible, and pulling it straight out to ensure the mouth

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parts don’t break off under your skin. The longer it stays, the more likely it is to be infected. After removing the tick, thoroughly clean the bite area and your hands with rubbing alcohol, an iodine scrub, or soap and water. Dispose of a live tick by submersing it in alcohol, placing it in a sealed bag/container, wrapping it tightly in tape, or flushing it down the toilet. Never crush a tick with your fingers, but crushing it between two fingernails does the trick. One of the most severe disease transmitted by ticks in these parts is Lyme disease. Canadian singer Avril Levigne, from Napanee, Ont., was sidelined for months with it recently. It took eight months of being sick before doctors finally diagnosed it. “I had no idea a bug bite could do this,” she told En-

gland’s Mail Online’s site The Weekly. “I was bedridden for five months. I felt like I couldn't breathe, I couldn't talk and I couldn't move. I thought I was dying. I had complete weakness and fatigue. One night I tried to brush my teeth on the tour bus and couldn't even stand.” Although the Deer Tick commonly transmits Lyme disease, it can also be transmitted by other species of tick. A small, red bump often appears at the site of a tick bite or tick removal and resolves over a few days. This is normal after a tick bite and does not indicate Lyme disease.

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However, these signs and symptoms may occur within a month after you've been infected: – Rash. From three to 30 days after an infected tick bite, an expanding red area might appear that sometimes clears in the centre, forming a bull’s-eye pattern. The rash (erythema migrans) expands slowly over days and can spread to 12 inches (30 centimeters) across. It is typically not itchy or painful. Erythema migrans is one of the hallmarks of Lyme disease. Some people develop this rash at more than one place on their bodies. – Flu-like symptoms.

Fever, chills, fatigue, body aches and a headache may accompany the rash. One should also check their pets regularly and follow the same removal techniques. How can we protect ourselves from attracting ticks? Researchers have found that Wearing light coloured clothing helps you spot ticks. Use insect repellents that contain DEET or Icaridin. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Do daily full body checks on yourself, your children and pets after coming in from the outdoors. Cut your grass and dispose of leaf litter where ticks can live. Outdoor workers should shower or bath within two hours of being in forested or long grass areas.

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NatioN News all our relations.

Canada at 150: Many indigenous people see little reason to celebrate By Chinta Puxley THE CANADIAN PRESS EDMONTON – After surviving 11 years in a residential school with art as his only escape, 19-yearold Alex Janvier was ready for freedom. But in mid-1950s Canada, freedom still depended on the colour of one's skin. Janvier was offered a spot at what is now the Ontario College of Art and Design. But his destiny lay in the hands of the Indian agent from his home reserve in Alberta. The agent said no — the man who would become one of Canada's most celebrat-ed indigenous artists wasn't smart enough to go. A chance to study in the United Kingdom was similarly denied. Under Canada's pass system — a vestige imposed during the failed Northwest Rebellion to pre-vent others from leaving reserves to join the uprising which lingered into the mid-20th century — there was no appeal, no recourse. Janvier was allowed to attend art school in Calgary under the watchful eye of the local diocese, but he had to keep a piece of paper with the Indian agent's signature on it in his shirt pocket. He met a fellow student there and he recalls taking her to a movie one night. He had his arm around her. He was feeling good. It felt as though life was beginning to open up.

The couple were at the bus stop when a police cruiser pulled up. “You! Come here!” he recalls one of the officers shouting. “Not you, him. What are you doing?” Janvier says he walked over and explained they were waiting for a bus, but the interrogation continued. “Am I to be arrested?” Janvier asked. “A smart ass, eh?” he remembers the officer responding and then came the question: “Do you have a pass?” Janvier pulled out the note the agent had signed. He remembers the cop glancing at it and then throwing it on the sidewalk for Janvier to pick up. “That's how it was,” Janvier, now 82, shrugs. “There was no law to do it and yet those Indian agents pushed it like you wouldn't believe.” As Ottawa spends $500 million on throwing the country a 150th birthday party, many indigenous people, including Janvier, wonder what's worth celebrating. To recognize 1867 as the birth of Canada is to celebrate the beginning of an abusive relationship. Janvier's colourful, abstract art, which was recently displayed in a special exhibit at the National Gallery, has taken him around the world and every time he returns home to Cold Lake, Alta., he feels a surge of relief and affection. But it's the land, not the country, that inspires his loyalty.

“I don't have to celebrate,” he says. “That 150 years is none of my business. It never included me so why jump up and down and celebrate?” To celebrate 150 years for many means to raise a glass to the continuing legacies of colonization — the disproportionate number of indigenous children in government care, dozens of communi-ties without clean drinking water and some without basic indoor plumbing. The Canada being celebrated this year would not exist without the suppression of First Nations, says Pam Palmater, lawyer and chair of indigenous governance at Ryerson University. “The only way that it could exist is from our genocide and the theft of lands and resources and the ongoing discriminatory laws, policies, exclusion from our territories,” she says. “The only reason they are able to maintain this is because they put us in jail, they put our kids in foster care, our women go murdered and missing because they keep us out of the way. Canada 150 is a celebration of how they've been able to keep us out of the way. It wouldn't be Canada 150 without all of that.” Canada's milestone of 150 seems quaint when compared to the history of indigenous people dating back at least 10,000 years, notes Isaac Murdoch, from Serpent River First Nation about 150 ki-

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lometres west of Sudbury, Ont. “Ignoring 10,000 years of our history erases us when they only celebrate 150,” says Murdoch, who is behind the #Resistance150 hashtag on Twitter. “It seems silly for Canada to celebrate 150 in these lands when indigenous people have been here forever. It's quite rude. It really is.” When European settlers first arrived, they used First Nations for knowledge on how to survive the harsh elements and rugged terrain, as well as military allies and fur traders. Once the fur trade declined and the military threat from the United States subsided, indigenous people became more of an obstacle to settlement and the exploitation of resources. When Canada was born, it only had two recorded parents — the French and the English. No mention was made of indigenous people. “I'm not a Canadian. I don't know why it's so offensive to say that. I'm Ojibwa. I was born Ojibwa. That's who I am. Our nation is separate from Canada,” Murdoch says. “Indigenous people have always been known to Canada as the Indian problem. Their whole poli-cies when creating the country ? were to contain the Indian problem.” Canada's first prime minister, Sir. John A. Macdonald, made it a goal to “do away with the tribal system, and assimilate the Indian people in all

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respects with the inhabitants of the Dominion.” That mindset would last through the next century. The British North America Act imposed a European-style bureaucracy on all things indigenous. Ceremonies were outlawed, traditional governance was replaced by power-less band councils, reserves were set up. Through it all, the Indian agent was king. With the pass system - the same system that prevented Janvier from going to art school and gave police the right to harass him — indigenous people needed permission to leave the reserve or conduct any business on it. They were expected to become farmers but needed permission to sell a cow. “It was a way of control,'' says National Chief Perry Bellegarde with the Assembly of First Nations. “The pass/permit system that Indian Affairs put in place here in Canada was such a strong sys-tem of controlling indigenous peoples that the apartheid system in Africa was modelled after the Indian Act system, the reserve system and the permit system.” They could not vote, consult a lawyer and could be relocated “for their own protection” if their land was needed for settlers. Equally, they could be relocated “in the national interest” if their set-tlement were built upon mineral-rich soil or

along the shores of a river that needed damming. “The relationship became one of interdependency to one where we became wards of the state,” Bellegarde says. “A lot of our people were starved into submission by the Indian agents and the Indian Act and the killing of the buffalo. Our entire way of life was taken away.” Then they came for the children. “When the school is on the reserve the child lives with its parents, who are savages; he is sur-rounded by savages,” Macdonald told the House of Commons in 1883. “Though he may learn to read and write ? he is simply a savage who can read and write ? Indian children should be withdrawn as much as possible from the parental influence.” Residential schools were set up and children were removed from their homes — by force if nec-essary. Thousands died, buried in unmarked graves. Others were sexually and physically abused, re-turning to their communities alienated from their culture and haunted by demons that have been passed on through generations. “It was like a jailhouse for little kids,” Janvier remembers. “They used to feed us pills to control us. “They said it was for my health, but what it used to do is sedate you, calm you CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

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June 28th, 2017

down so you didn't get too crazy in that school.” To this day, Janvier doesn't know what the pills were. The records of his lost childhood, like those of so many, were apparently destroyed by a flood. There was also what became known as the Sixties Scoop — apprehending First Na-tions and Metis children and placing them with non-indigenous families. The intentions were more subtle but the resulting trauma was the same. All of these policies have taken their toll. The majority of today's indigenous people don't share in Canada's health and prosperity. Many live below the poverty line in dilapidated housing without access to clean water. Their life expectancy is lower. Their odds of growing up a ward of child welfare, in prison, addicted to drugs or alcohol are much higher. Sen. Murray Sinclair says the abusive relation-

ship between Canada and indigenous people has gone on long enough. Divorce isn't an option. Neither side is moving out. The next 150 years will be about learning to co-exist, but that can only happen if it begins with honesty and equality. “Trying to figure out how we can live together in the same territory is really the issue,” says the former chair of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which examined residential schools. “Nobody's going away. If nobody's going away then how do we get along on this land?” That won't happen unless Canadians acknowledge the foundation upon which their country is built, he says. “We need to acknowledge that indigenous people are in a position of inferiour power, inferiour economic status and problematic social conditions largely because of government actions over last 150 years. “We cannot say let's assume from this point

forward that everybody's equal because the reality is that we're about 150 yards behind the starting line and you're asking us to now enter the race with you. That's not fair.” Canadian people, who are becoming more educated about their own history, will likely be the ones that push their government into action rather than the other way around, he says. Canada 150 is a birthday party, “yours, not ours,” Sinclair wrote recently. “Don't be surprised if we keep pointing out that it is not an anniversary about our relationship. It's an anniversary of the joining of colonies and colonizers. “Invite me and my relatives if you want. We might come and watch you blow out your candles, and sure, some of us will probably eat some of your cake. We might even sing Happy Birthday to you Canada. “But then, we still need to talk about our relationship.”

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Bellegarde marches June 21st renamed TORONTO — AFN National Chief Perry Bellegarde took part in Toronto's 37th annual Pride Parade on June 25th, becoming the first AFN National Chief to march in the parade. Bellegarde says it was an opportunity to celebrate diversity and respect for LGBTQ2S

people in the Indigenous communities. The Chief of the AFN says more action is needed to ensure LGBTQ2S indigenous youth and adults feel positive about their future, feel welcome in their communities, and know that they are accepted and valued.

Part-Time Career Opportunity: Indigenous Recruitment & Liaison Officer Education Services requires a dynamic, innovative, and driven Indigenous Recruitment and Liaison Officer (IRLO) in our Indigenous Students Health Sciences (ISHS) office. The IRLO plays a vital role in the recruitment and promotion of ISHS services for incoming and current Indigenous students in health sciences and promotion of the ISHS office growth with our forthcoming website and new space. This role has been designated Indigenous (Inuit/Métis/First Nations) specific. The IRLO will provide support to the Director in recruitment and liaison activities and engage in student outreach, relationship building and linkages, externally, between the ISHS office and Indigenous communities, and internally as an active member of the ISHS team and within the broader McMaster community. The IRLO will provide day-to-day support to the ISHS programs, services and students’ activities; implement a recruitment and liaison strategy and work plan for the office; produce professional recruitment and promotional material such as reports, event flyers, posters, and ISHS brochures; and, will participate with ISHS team members to organize events such as the Come Explore Medicine/Health Sciences programs, lecture series, Medical School Entrance Interview workshops and health elective. The IRLO will establish links with appropriate Indigenous/non-Indigenous health para/professional organizations, community and academic organizations. The position reports to the ISHS Director. Position Requirements: • He/she is from one of the three constitutionally recognized Indigenous Peoples of Canada; operates within the principles of cultural safety; and is knowledgeable of Indigenous Peoples cultures. • Strong communication and public speaking skills. • Familiarity with university guidelines/protocols regarding privacy and confidentiality. • Familiarity with the Undergraduate and Graduate Student Calendars, specifically for the faculty of health sciences. • Familiarity with Indigenous communities (local, provincial, and national). • Minimum of three years’ experience working in the fields of student recruitment and liaison. • Superior communications, writing and liaison skills. • Experience working with students and participating in student career activities/events. • Experience planning/coordinating student events and developing promotional materials. • Strong organizational skills along with the ability to function with tight deadlines, changing priorities and the proven ability to manage several projects simultaneously while meeting deadlines. • Fluent in Mac operating systems, which includes experience updating and maintaining information on websites and social networks. • Proven ability to work with little supervision. • Understanding of Indigenous health within health sciences education and Indigenous learner priorities will be considered an asset. • The ability to communicate in English is essential and a working knowledge of an Indigenous language is desirable. • Proven ability to build a solid professional network of contacts is required. • Experience developing and maintaining a variety of spreadsheets and databases, includes proficiency with Excel and Access. Requirements: 3-year Community College in a Health Sciences program or related field of study and 3 years of relevant experience. Additional Information: The successful candidate will be expected to occasionally work flexible hours (evenings and weekends); therefore, very flexible working hours will be essential. Reliable transportation is required, as certain parts of the year will require travel to surrounding communities for recruitment purposes. This position is for 35 hours/ per week and is an 8 month temporary appointment. Please apply online by July 4, 2017 to: http://www.workingatmcmaster.ca/careers/index.php

OTTAWA — The federal government intends to rename National Aboriginal Day as National Indigenous Peoples Day. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau made the announcement on Wednesday. Trudeau says First Nations, Inuit and Metis peoples history, art, traditions and cultures have shaped Canada's past and continue to shape it today. AFN National Chief Perry Bellegarde said he supports the change, saying the name is consistent with the international recognition of Indigenous Peoples and AFN recommendations.

Firearm deaths

NEW YORK — A new study says nearly 1300 children under the age of 17 are killed in the United States every year because of firearm injuries. The study says firearm related deaths are the third leading cause of death overall among US children up to the age of 17 surpassing the number of American childhood deaths from things like birth defects, heart disease and pneumonia.

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Grand River bursts its banks By Jim Windle

BRANT — The mighty Grand flexed her muscles throughout the weekend, spilling over her banks. Several area roads were closed, including Newport Road, River Road, Birkett Lane, as well as Gilkison Street and other low-lying streets in West Brant and Holmdale. Brant County and Six Nations flood co-ordinators maintained the closure of Boundary Road between Six Nations and Brant. With the amount of rain, which suddenly fell within the Grand River Watershed as a final remnant of Hurricane Cindy, the GRCA was unable to hold back enough rain water to prevent flooding, however their efforts did mitigate some damage. The Lorne Bridge was a popular vantage point to see the power of the river in action as floodwater spread over the banks and formed two large lakes on either side of Cockshutt Road up to the dyke. A number of trailer parks in Caledonia and Brant had to scramble to move camper vehicles to higher ground.

When the Grand River overflows its banks it creates both awe and danger. People with their cameras and kids in tow lined both sides of the Cockshutt Bridge to photograph this, the most recent flood of the Grand. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE After the last biggest flood of the river in 1974, a Royal Commission Inquiry into the Grand River Flood was published with recommendations to build dykes in Eagle Place

The lower playing field and Powwow grounds were under water over the weekend as the Grand River reminded us all who is really in charge here. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

325 KING GEORGE RD. BRANTFORD ONT (519) 752-7555

and around the Mohawk Chapel. An agreement was reached between Six Nations, who still retain underlying title to that part of Brantford, and the City to comply and construct the berm and hiking trail. It was a good idea then, and it was a great idea this weekend preventing untold damage to homes and infrastructure protected by the dyke. Flooding often occurred as settlement and expansion began pushing into the Grand River Flood plane. There were serious floods in 1942, 1948, and in 1972. After the dyke was constructed, damage from subsequent floods was contained, as it was this weekend. But it’s not only the water damage and flooding that is of concern to the GRCA and to Six Nations. Flooding compromises the integrity of the banks of the river. In recent years, Six Nations has had to close roads along the river permanently due to landslides into the river.

The same has happened in Newport and broke the link between Cockshutt Road and Fourth Line in at least two places, never to be reopened. It is not known at this time if there was any serious stability damage to the cliffs and banks along the path of the river. The level began going down after cresting at the Oxbow, Sunday afternoon.

At one point the river ran from the Tutela Heights and Oxbow Heights all the way over two huge planted fields, up to the dyke constructed to stop such events. The dyke did its job well. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

LIKE TO KNIT?

IROQUOIS LODGE SEEKS VOLUNTEERS TO KNIT AND CROCHET! We are currently making red scarves for December 1st 2017, in recognition of World Aids Day. Last year 123 scarves were displayed throughout Veteran’s Park. Anyone visiting the park was invited to pick up a scarf, and by 2:00PM the scarves were gone! We have knitted small toques for babies born at the Birthing Centre; shawls and lap covers for teh Dialysis Unit and residents of Iroquois Lodge. Yarn can be picked up at Dajoh every Tuesday before 11:30AM.

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27

SPORTS

know the score.

Six Nations Rebels outpacing the Pacers By Jim Windle SIX NATIONS – The first round of playoffs is underway for the Six Nations Jr. B Rebels and they Rebs are one win away from sweeping the Point Edward Pacers out of the way. The Rebels easily won Game 1 and Game 2, 14-6 Friday night and 19 7 Saturday night. Wednesday night, June 28, at the Iroquois Lacrosse Arena (ILA), it could be all over for the Pacers in the bestof-five series. Saturday night the Point Edward Pacers knew what they needed to do after falling 14-6 at Six Nations. The problem was, they couldn’t do it any better at home than they did at the ILA the night before. Pacers fans got the chance to cheer first

With seven goals and four assists in game's one and two, Six Nations Rebels' Layne Smith leads the Rebels in scoring going into Wednesday night's Game 3 of the best-of-five series. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

Six Nations Rebels' Ricky Smith and Point Edward Pacers' Ethan Dupont put on a bit of a show for the fans in Friday night's 16-6, Game 1 Rebels' win at the ILA. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

when Cole Wilkinson gave Point Edward the 1-0 lead at 2:50, a lead that would last until4:27 when Riley Miller kicked open the Pacers front door leading a parade of nine unanswered Rebels goal. Oliver Bolsterli delivered number nine with two seconds remaining on the clock. Riley Miller and Wes Whitlow made it 11-1by the 2:24 point of the second period. The Pacers came to life with the next three goals to at least get within the same postal code of the Rebels, 11-4. Kevin Owen Hill notched a powerplay goal

to make it 12-4, and Cory Bar scored a late period goal to end two periods with the Rebels ahead 125. After a 7-2 third period for the Rebels, the Pacers looked just about ready to concede defeat knowing there was at least one more humiliation to endure, Wednesday night at the ILA. The series began for the Jr. B Six Nations Rebels against the Point Edward Pacers Friday night at the Iroquois Lacrosse Arena in Six Nations. The Pacers appeared a bit mesmerized by the speed and ball handling

skills of the Rebels in the first period and watched as the Rebels opened a 5-0 gash into the Pacers beginning with the first goal of the playoffs for Six Nations scored by Chayton King, from Garrett VyseSquare, 53 seconds into the game. He scored his second at 7:04, from Ricky Smith and Wes Whitlow. Layne Smith, Ricky Smith and Wes Whitlow created the 5-0 first period bulge. Riley Montour was sprung free by Oviver Bolsterli at 2:09 of the second period before Layne Smith took a perfect down-floor pass to Layne Smith who buried it for the seventh Six Nations goal. Lucus Knowles broke the goose-egg for Point Edward at 10:34 but a minute later Justin Martin made it an 8-1 game, short-handed and unassisted. Briley Miller stopped what could have been a Racers rally when he stopped a clear breakaway, making it look easy. But the Pacers, who brought a good hometown crowd with them, closed the gap considerably by scoring the final three goals of the period. With the score now 8-4 in Six Nations favour, Point Edwards shaved another goal from the Six Nations lead but Riley Montour and Kevin Owen Hill pushed back. Knowles would score the last Pacers goal at 10:02 of the third. CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

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Pro-Fit Chiefs power too much for Redmen

The Arrows are scoring, sometimes just enough to win, but it is the Arrows defense that is keeping them on the winning side. Doug Jamieson is the go-to goalie and a young and talented defence like Blake Macdonald, are keeping the goals against to single digits. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

The Six Nations Pro-Fit Chiefs were beating the Brampton Excelsiors 10-3 Tuesday night after two periods. The final score will miss our deadline, but it can be assumed a Six Nations win, unless the roof caves in at the ILA. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE By Jim Windle SIX NATIONS — The 7-1 Major Series Pro-Fit Six Nations Chiefs remain within arms distance of the 8-0 Peterborough Lakers after last beating the Brooklin Redmen at the Iroquois Lacrosse Arena (ILA), Tuesday, June 20, in a game that missed our deadline. In that game, the Chiefs gained the upper hand quickly with Kyle Jackson handing Six Nations a 2-0 lead with back-to-back goals. There was only one penalty in the first period which went to Dave Brock for slashing, but that was

enough for the Redmen to capitalize on, scoring a powerplay goal at 7:34. It appeared that the first period was going to end 2-1, but Vaughn Harris scored at 19:23 and Craig Point followed that at 19:57, stunning the Redmen 4-1. Brooklin came out determined to get something back quickly and they did, when Dan Lintner scored 28 seconds into the second period. Ryan Benesch netted a powerplay goal from Jordan Durston and Dhane Smith which was answered by Brooklin’s Kyle Whitlow three minutes later.

Rebs continued from previous Racers goalie Brayden Bell learned not to take Layne Smith lightly when he is in front of you. He attempted a down floor pass from his crease, but Smith, handing back to rush the goalie, snagged the pass right out of Bell’s stick and put it behind him for the 11-6 goal, causing fans from both teams to

shake their heads. That was the heart breaker for the Pacers and they didn’t get another ball past Miller while Gates Abrams, Khan General and Justin Martin put the cherry on top of the 14-6, Game 1 of the best of five series win. Game 3 is set for Friday night at the ILA at 8 p.m.

Besides being one of the top ball blockers in the Jr. game, Briley Miller No. 74 (right photo), also brings a deadly accurate wooden goalie stick with him and is able to find breaking teammates on the fly, as he did Friday night at the ILA earning an assist on one of Layne Smith's goals. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

It was 6-3 for the Chiefs with under three minutes remaining in the second when Brooklin’s Colton Watkinson blew a gasket and attempted to decapitate a Chief and got tagged with a high-sticking five-minute Major, plus 10-minutes and a game misconduct. In retaliation, Craig Point and Ryan Benesch pumped in two powerplay goals 31 seconds apart to close the second period leading 8-3. Brooklin scored two in the third to close the gap to 8-5 but it was Kyle Jackson closing the show as he opened it, collecting his third goal,

for the 9-5 final score. Benesch led the Pro-Fit Chiefs with two goals and four assists, and Dillon Ward recorded the win in goal, being selected as third star of the game. Tuesday night, the 1-5 Brampton Excelsiors bring it to the Iroquois Lacrosse Arena for a showdown with the Chiefs beginning at 8 p.m. The next day they will board the bus to Brooklin for another shot at the Redmen, also at 8 p.m. This Tuesday night, July 4, the Redmen return to the ILA at 8 p.m.

1st place Arrows busy weekend coming up By Jim Windle SIX NATIONS – Austin Staats’ powerplay goal, scored at 1:37 of the second period from Tehoka Nanticoke was the Six Nations Arrows’ last of the game, but stood up as the game winner anyhow in the Arrows’ 6-5 win at the Iroquois Lacrosse Arena (ILA) Sunday night. The Arrows’ 5-3 first period lead provided just enough headroom to ward off the Whitby Warriors third period rally. Cory Highfield, and two by both Austin Staats and Travis Longboat scored for Six Nations in the first period, while Dawson Theede and Tanner Cook pulled Whitby close but they could not beat Doug Jamieson for the tying goal. Saturday night in Mimico, it required a come back from a 4-2 first period deficit for the Arrows to earn the 11-9 results over the second place Mountaineers. The Arrows scored five in the second period and four in the third

while Doug Jamieson held against most Mimico shooters to preserve the win. Tehoka Nanticoke scored two and assisted on five and Travis Longboat scored one and assisted on six as each earned seven points. Austin Staats and Cory Highfield scored two and assisted on one each. Also scoring for Six Nations were Owen S. Hill, Kessler Doolittle, McCoy Abrams and Jerry Staats. It will be three games in three days this week for the Arrows. The Mountaineers will be at the ILA, Thursday night at 8 p.m., for another shot at the league leaders. Then on Saturday they will take on the Barrie Lakeshores at the Innisfil Arena before returning home to the ILA Sunday night against the Orangeville Northmen at 7 p.m. Heading into the busy weekend, the Arrows have 14 wins and one loss for 28 points, 10 points better than second place Mimico as the regular season comes to an end.

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29

Alex Kedoh Hill, of the Sr. B Six Nations Rivermen, buries one up under the crossbar Saturday at the GPA. The Rivermen lost the tight match 9-8 as both teams ran stride for stride all game. But they won the next night in Oakville 11-10. Hill scored five and assisted on five in the two games. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE

Rivermen suffer first loss, but still hold first By Jim Windle OHSWEKEN – A pair of one goal games this past week in Sr. B lacrosse action saw the Six Nations Rivermen edge the Oakville Titans at the Toronto Rock Athletic Centre, 11-10, Sunday and a narrow, 8-7 loss to the Brooklin Redmen at the GPA, Saturday night. It was a quiet first period for the most part, that is if you happened to go for a hotdog for a couple of minutes. The Redmen were first on the scorecard, surprising the Rivermen with two goals in 19 seconds. A minute after that, Roger Vyse scored from Dwayne Porter and it was very suddenly 2-1, which is how the period would end. Forty-six seconds into the second period it was 3-2 for Brooklin. Dwayne Porter scored from Kedoh

Hill at 27 seconds, and Zach Sloan answered at 46 seconds. The floor began to tilt towards the Rivermen in the middle minutes, of the middle period when Cory Bomberry tied the game again at 3-3 and Kedoh Hill scored the 4-3 goahead goal at 12:49. The teeter tottered towards Brooklin as the period closed. Graham Bergsma tied it at 4-4 and Nick Loyst took the lead back at 18:19. Kedoh Hill balance the score at 5-5 at 1:23 of the third, and the score flipped flopped the rest of the way. Unfortunately for the Rivermen, it flopped one more time than it flipped and the Merchants went home with the 8-7 win. Sunday in Oakville, lady luck leaned the Rivermen way as Six Nations eked out an 11-10, come

from behind win. The Rivermen spotted the Rock two first period goals before finding their range. In the second there was all kinds of action starting with Dwayne Porter’s goal from Murray Porter and Kyle Smith and Danton Miller’s tying 2-2 goal from Roger Vyse. Kedoh Hill made it 3-2, Six Nations, at 4:14, which Greg Longboat added to at 5:43. The Titans pushed back hard and it became an end-to-end free-for-all with the lead trading five times. But on this night, the last goal was the 1110 winner, scored by Kyle Smith from Josh Johnson and Roger Vyse. Friday, June 30, The Rivermen clash with the Titans again, this time at the Gaylord Powless Arena at 8 p.m.

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Six Nations Jr. C Warriors will finish first

The Warriors will likely face the Caledon Bandits in the first round of the Jr. C playoff set to begin possibly this coming weekend. The Warriors finished first overall and Caledon went a perfect 0-15, not winning a single game all season. Last time these two met at the ILA it nearly turned into a full-scale Donnybrook after the game. So why are they in the playoffs? Good question for the OLA. PHOTO BY JIM WINDLE By Jim Windle SIX NATIONS – After Thursday night’s 16-10 road win over the Wilmott Wild, the Jr. C Six Nations Warriors led all 15 teams the both divisions with 12 wins, and two losses for 24 points. The Warriors will close out the regular season on the road in Halton Hills Wednesday, June 28. Playoff matchups are not complete at this time.

In Wilmott, the Warriors and the Wild provided some entertaining moments. The game was much more important for the Wild than the Warriors, who have clinched first place. Wilmott was trying to free themselves from a second-place tie with the Fergus Thistles. Wilmott came out with a mission and ran stride for stride with Six Nations through the first period, which ended tied at

4-4. Scoring for the Warriors were Todd Thomas Jr., with two, Tyrese Staats and Marshall Powless. The Wild, still very much in the game, pushed past the Warriors 6-4 by the four-minute mark of the second period. That is when Tyrese Staats took over, scoring at 5:05 and again at 6:25, both unassisted, and adding his third goal of the period at 10:03. Also scoring for the Warriors were Ryan

Johnson, Owen Martin, Marshall Powless, Tehashitchele Powless and Nathan Maracle to deliver the knockout blow 13-6 after two periods. Although Wilmott was able to carve away one goal in the third period the Warrior explosion in the middle frame, was enough to take the win. Daris Anderson, Ryan Johnson and Tyrese Staats, with his fifth of the game and 21st of the

in the West Division with a 9-6-0 record as of Tuesday night. Last Thursday night at the Wayne Gretzky Rink #1, the Brantford Warriors tamed the Halton Hills Bulldogs 16-5, thanks in part to a stellar 9-1 second period. Halton opened the scoring at 1:49, but Brantford’s Blake Dunford, Jayden Drage, and Cole Robillard took a 4-1 lead by the half way mark of the first session. A late

period Bulldogs comeback showed Brantford ahead 4-3. The Brantford Warriors exploded with nine second period goals shared by Hunter Aggus, with two, Jacob Parkinson, Caleb Wells with two, Cole Robillard with two, and Connor Merritt with two. It was 13-4 heading into the third, where Merritt scored two more for a four-goal game, and Caleb Wells added his third of

the night. To be fair, the Bulldogs came with a very short bench of 11 runners, and amongst them were four AP midget and Bantam players, while Brantford carried a full bench. The Six Nations Warriors play Wednesday night at on the road, while the Brantford Warriors will be at home at the Gretzky Rink, Friday, June 30, versus the Whitby … you guessed it, Warriors.

season, scored for Six Nations. There is little love lost between these two franchises and should they meet in the playoffs, are sure to create sparks. It has been a solid regular season the Warriors have enjoyed under the leadership of Jayson Smith, the father of Jr. B star, Layne Smith. He and his bench staff have the Warriors working like a fine-tuned machine and

will turn it up even higher for the playoffs. The Warriors are poised to get their hands on the 2017 Presidents Cup. To do so, they will have to take it from last year’s winners, the Clarington Shamrocks, who have won it four times. According to Smith, the playoffs will begin against Caledon at the GPA although a time and schedule is yet to be completed.

Six Nations, Brantford and Whitby are all Warriors By Jim Windle

BRANTFORD – The Brantford Warriors take on the Whitby Warriors, Friday at the Gretzky Arena while the Six Nations Warriors play Wednesday night in Halton Hills. Sounds confusing right? So far the OLA Jr. C top brass have been perfectly happy to have three of its teams all register the name Warriors. The Brantford Jr. C Warriors are sitting forth

Here are the logo's for the Brantford Warriors (top left), Whitby Warriors (bottom left), and the Six Nations Warriors (above).

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31

feature column: rachel a. snow

Mu WÎyan Î’uch: Thunder Woman speaks

What does the future of this land hold? By Rachel A. Snow

It holds the memory and the understanding that has always been on this great island. It is the memory that speaks of a land filled with life and hope. It is the understanding that the Creator guides all life on this island. There is talk of reconciliation that continues to mark the conversation between the original people and the non-natives who ventured onto this land. Reconciliation is to be the nation-to-nation understanding that governs all talks, policies and legislations going forward into the next 10,000 years. We are talking about a 10,000-year plus history. We are talking about a history that goes back to every original nation’s origin or creation stories. The original people understand that Canada 150 is meant to acknowledge the last 150 years or more correctly the last 35 years with Canada in the role of the state. However, the land of this great island was entrusted to the original people for all time. Therefore, whether the settler colonizers are here for 35 or 150 or 500 years, the original mem-

ory and understanding of the land remains the same. The original people are many individual nations. They are knowledge keepers, ceremonial and spiritual people. The lessons given from the land to the people are not the same as what mainstream calls education. Education in the mainstream classrooms is based on memorizing facts and the tainted Canadian history of what may be presented as truth. Running from persecution and religious tyranny, many European nationalities ventured west to make a new life. They included new notions of freedom where societal birthrights were replaced by commercial standing. The settler colonizers came to find freedom but sadly after 500 years that freedom is only defined by settler colonizer thinking. Prior to settlers washing up on the eastern doors of mother earth, the original people were free. They freely roamed this land, respecting Creator’s plan. The various nations were gifted with languages, ceremonies, and a worldview that looked generations ahead while living a blessed

day-to-day existence. This is what the original people know as freedom. It is the freedom to live in accordance with a greater plan or vision. It is the freedom to understand that as a people, we are intrinsically linked with the land, the waters, the plants and all animal life. It is the freedom for all people to live a good life from infancy to old age without poverty, homelessness or hunger. What has the newcomer brought that has ensured these freedoms? When the first settlers came, they were welcomed and this understanding remains the cornerstone of any reconciliation talks. The land was to be shared. As the original people did not have concepts of land ownership, they were ready to share the bounty of this land that Creator had given for all. It was never the intent of the original people to hurt, take or cause irreparable harms to the newcomers. From the earliest peace and friendship treaties, we see that the original people of this land wanted peace and a way to continue living their way of life. Is that so difficult to understand?

However, the colonizers were intent on harvesting and making the most of this land with riches and wealth that the Indians did not seem to see. That is incorrect. The original people did see wealth and riches. They saw wealth in the health of their people. They saw richness and happiness in their community’s safekeeping with lodging and all necessary comforts. They saw the animals with a keen eye, listening to the morning prayers of the birds, the gentle talks between water creatures and the hum of all things moving as one system. How is this reconcilable into the Canadian system? As original people, we have heard the judgmental takes on our lifestyles. We have heard the stereotypes that say our people needed help. As we managed to survive for thousands of years, and indeed, helped the first settlers survive, this seems like a faulty premise to build Canada’s history on. Instead let us look at the facts. Let us see that our original ways of living allowed for all people to have housing. There was no homelessness.

Living close to the land and with our relatives the animals, our people had food supplies so that the entire village or community was fed. There was no hunger. The original people took only enough to continue their existence. They did so with deep thankfulness and a spiritual gratitude. There was no poverty. Our people lived side by side in clans or houses that had highly developed spiritually based activities. All things began with gratitude to the Creator. The spoken word of the people went into the cosmos, so the word had to carry truth. If there was any disagreement all the people discussed and came to practiced responses. There was no incarceration. Since this land was given to the people, and the gifts for a good life were available, the songs and artwork had great meaning to those who were gifted to record or capture the best of the people. We had an understanding of the role of transgender or gay people in our communities. We were an accepting, loving, healthy people filled with laughter and love. There were no sui-

cides. Our family units rejoiced in our greatest legacy, our elders and our grandchildren. A fallen warrior or mother lost in childbirth never feared for their families. They were always ready to make a journey to the final encampment because we had systems in place that supported the family with food, housing or childcare. In our languages the relationships are so developed that we readily understand that many sisters are second mothers to children. There was no child welfare or taking of our kids. It is with this system that Canada wants reconciliation. What has Canada brought to the original people but irreparable harm? Homelessness, hunger, poverty, incarceration, suicides and the taking of children from their strongholds were unknown actions until the settlers appeared. Reconciliation starts with acknowledging this. On July 1, the original people will pray and continue upholding their relationship and responsibilities that go beyond 35, 150 or 500 years.

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June 28th, 2017

'67 riot in Ohsweken continued from page 7 J O B

B O A R D

POSITION Restaurant Manager Afternoon Intake Counsellor Maintenance Trade Worker Counsellor – Next Step Housing Coordinator

EMPLOYER/LOCATION Tim Hortons, Six Nations of the Grand River, Hwy 54 Ganohkwasra Family Assault Support Serv., Six Nations Grand Erie District School Bd., Brantford, On Ganohkwasra Family Assault Support Serv., Six Nations Aboriginal Shelters of Ontario, Ganohkwasra, Six Nations

Director, Communications & Marketing Release from Custody: Corrections Case Manager Heavy Duty Cleaner / Light Housekeeping Temporary Health & Safety Officer Clinical Coordinator

Indspire, Six Nations of the Grand River Enaahtig Healing Lodge & Learning Ctr., Oril ia, On The Meadows, LTC, Ancaster, On Grand Erie District School Bd, Brantford, On

Personal Support Worker

Adolescent Treatment Ctr. Com. Social Serv. Akwesasne, Que. Iakhihsohtha Lodge, Akwesasne, Que.

Licensed Practical Nurse

Iakhihsohtha Lodge, Akwesasne, Que.

Bus Driver

Grand River Employment & Training, Six Nations Hil ’s Tire’s, Six Nations

Tire Technician

TERM SALARY CLOSING DATE Full Time TBD Jun 28, 2017 Full Time TBD Jun 28, 2017 Full Time $24.27 hr Jun 29, 2017 Full Time TBD Jun 30, 2017 Full Time $60,000. - Jun 30, 2017 $65,000. Yr Full Time TBD Jun 30, 2017 Full Time $47,000. - Jun 30, 2017 $49,000. yr Part Time $15.55 hr/ Jun 30, 2017 $13.40 hr Full Time $63,941. July 5, 2017 $72,660. yr Full Time $53,519.72 - July 6, 2017 $55,660.51 yr Full Time $41,483.69 - July 6, 2017 $43,143.03 yr Full Time $49,827.60 - July 6, 2017 $65,436.26 yr Full Time TBD July 21, 2017 12/wks Full Time $12.00 hr July 14, 2017

POSITION

EMPLOYER/LOCATION

TERM

Child & Youth Health Case Manager Jordan’s Principle Navigator Office Assistant Teacher/ Homemaker Family Support Admissions/ Concession Marketing Team Leader Administrative Assistant Maintenance Worker Maintenance Worker 6 Admissions/ Concession Workers Maintenance Worker Casual

Health Administration, Health Services Health Administration, Six Nations Lands & Membership, Six Nations Family Support, Social Serv Six Nations Parks & Recreation, Six Nations

Contract Contract Full Time Full Time Contract

TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD

Jun 28, 2017 Jun 28, 2017 July 5, 2017 July 5, 2017 July 5, 2017

Health Administration, Six Nations Social Services Social Services Parks & Recreation, Six Nations Ogwadeni;deo, Social Services

Full Time Contract Part Time Part Time Contract

TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD

July 5, 2017 July 5, 2017 July 5, 2017 July 12, 2017 July 12, 2017

Job descriptions are available at GREAT Weekdays... Monday through Friday from 8:30 - 4:30 pm 16 Sunrise Court, Ohsweken

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Peter and Constable Bob began to drag me toward their cruiser, I tripped and was clubbed over the head with a long five cell flashlight by one of the Mounties who told me I was also charged with escaping custody. Somehow I was put into the police cruiser and as the Mounties were attempting to drive away, Larry H. told the Mounties he was coming with me to the barracks as Larry and the others knew the Mounties would “kick the shit out of me” once we were alone. We later heard that once the Mounties got Larry and I into the small jail cell at the barracks, all hell broke loose at the fairgrounds as the crowd became incensed by my arrest. We later heard from many people that the entire RCMP Detachment had been beaten up in the riot and some cruisers were overturned and destroyed. As Larry and I sat in the cell at the barracks, four more men were arrested and brought in charged with various offences relating to the riot. If my memory is intact, the four were; Tom W.; Albert

D.; Cliff M.; and Donald G. Larry H. was let out of the cell as the others came in and in the early hours of Sunday morning, the five of us were transported by the Mounties to the Brant County Jail in Brantford. Cliff and Donald were put in one cruiser and Thomas, Albert (POOT) and I were chained together and squeezed into the backseat of a two door Ford sedan. I had been drinking prior to my arrest and we drove toward Brantford, I inadvertently let out a couple of good old beer farts, which caused Corporal Peter S.; to roll down his window and let in the cold night air. When I let out another fart, Constable Bob M.; pulled out his .38 cal. service revolver and placed the barrel on my forehead and said; “Douglas, if you fart one more time I will blow your (expletive) head off”; and I immediately called his bluff. We also later heard that the OPP had come onto the reserve and rescued the Mounties. From early Sunday morning, the five of us lounged around the County Jail until the Mounties

arrived on Monday morning to escort us over to the Court House to answer for our supposed misdeeds before Provincial Court Judge MacDonald. Corporal Peter S.; read off all of our charges for the court and the judge was thoroughly amazed that all five of us were charged with Physically Assaulting the Corporal. The Judge told the Corporal that he (Peter) must be “one hell of a man” to have survived all those beatings and emerged completely unscathed. The judge went to verbally reprimand the good Corporal and his peers by saying that from what he (the Judge) had heard and knew from other unnamed sources that it seemed to the Judge that the RCMP appeared to be responsible for more trouble that they prevented from occurring on the Reservation. The five of us Indians were convicted of our misdeeds and released. As for the RCMP and their part in this incident, within a short time frame; the Ohsweken Detachment was removed from the Six Nations Territory and replaced by the OPP.

SNCDT APPLICATION FOR 2018 FUNDING The SNCDT application for 2018 funding deadline is fast approaching. DEADLINE: FRIDAY, JUNE 30, 2017@ 4:30 P.M. (NO LATE APPLICATIONS WILL BE ACCEPTED) Copies are available at the office or email the office for an electronic copy.

Anyone needing assistance can call our office at 905-765-1236, email sntrust@sninternet.com or visit our office at the Oneida Business Park, 50 Generations Drive, Suite 111 (corner of 4th line and Hwy #6).

TWO TWO ROW ROW TIMES TIMES

39 June 28th, 2017

JUNE 21ST, 2017 33

Send your notices to tworowtimes@gmail.com

ATTN: Obituaries

Obituaries

Obituaries

Obituaries

Obituaries

Obituaries

Mt. Pleasant: Jeffrey Robert

Hill: Sean Robert

Sawyer: Jesse Gene

It is with heavy hearts and profound sadness that we announce the sudden death of Jeffrey Robert Mt. Pleasant on Sunday June 25, 2017 at the age of 59 years. Beloved husband of Beverly Lickers - Mt. Pleasant. Loving father of Jeffrey, Tammy, Mandy & Brian, Taina & Sam, Lerisha, and Crystal. Dear grandpa of Savannah, Cody, Dawson, Courtney, Tessa, Jacey, Payton, Vern, Tyden, Ross, Thunder, Chaz, Lawrence, Madalyn, Kylin, Quincy, Haydin, Katie, Nathan, Salease, Amanita, Alaina, Aysen, Kaidyn, and Teyvin. Son of Frank & the late Ruth (Beaver) Mt. Pleasant. Beloved brother of Roger, Janice, Donna & Richard, Carol & Mark, Larry & Theresa, Dave & Tammy, Brenda, and Scott. Sonin-law of Doris & the late Clifford Lickers. Brotherin-law of Cathie and Vernon. Best friend of Brock. Also will be missed by many nieces, nephews, and his morning buddies Roscoe and Oreo. Resting at his father’s home, 1938 4th Line, Ohsweken after 7 pm. Tuesday until 12:30 pm. Thursday then to Grand River United Church for funeral service and burial at 2 pm. Thursday, June 29, 2017. www. rhbanderson.com

On June 23, 2017 Sean Hill age 31 years, father of Daniel Aiden Trudeau & Connor Wayne Hill, son of Adrienne Pelletier and the late Reginald Hill, brother of Ariel, Aron, Sasha, Daniel, Deborah, & Yvette, special friend of Edward Thomas, grandson of Josephine & the late Robert Pelletier & the late Reginald Thomas Hill & Dorothy Hope, nephew of Marion, Ralph, Rodger, Randy, Rodney, Stephen, Earl & the late Robbie, also survived by many cousin & friends. Resting at 2821 3rd Line after 7pm Sunday until Monday morning then to the Sour Springs Longhouse for Funeral Service & Burial on Monday at 11am. www. rhbanderson.com

On June 23, 2017, Jesse Sawyer age 32 years, dear friend of Ashley VanEvery, beloved father of Dayton, Shayna and Dre, son of Deborah & Eugene (Mellisa) Sawyer, brother of Kirk, Logan, BennieRay, Isaac & Breanna King, grandson of the late Shirley & Bob Reid, Orville Sawyer, Russell & Isabel Maracle. Also survived by numerous Aunts, Uncles & cousins. Resting at his mothers home 3604 4th Line, after 5pm Saturday until Sunday morning then to the Lower Cayuga Longhouse for Funeral Service & Burial on Sunday at 11am. Rhbanderson.com

Notice

Six Nations Health Foundation Annual Meeting June 29, 2017 at 5:00 pm

1745 Chiefswood Road

Obituaries

Obituaries

Obituaries

HILL: Geraldine Annette (Miller) Peacefully at Iroquois Lodge, Ohsweken, on Sunday June 25, 2017 at the age of 91 years. Wife of the late Clarence (Bunny) Hill. Loving mother of Janet (deceased) & Jack, Allan “Joe”, Leslie, Judy & Sandy McNaughton, and Gary “Jim” & Clarice. Dear grandmother of Mark & Chammy, Chris, Cheryl, Scott & Shana, Kevin, Brad, Rosie, Erin, Ryan & Jodi, Dean, 18 great grandchildren and 4 great great grandchildren. Sister of the late Orville Miller, and Marion Hill. Also will be remembered by her nieces, nephews and friends at the lodge. Resting at Styres Funeral Home, 1798 4th Line Rd., Ohsweken after 6 pm. Tuesday. Evening Service 7 pm. Tuesday. Funeral will be held in the Styres chapel on Wednesday, June 28, 2017 at 11 am. Interment Medina Baptist Cemetery. www.rhbanderson.com

In Memoriam

In Memoriam

In Memoriam

Paul Hill June 28, 1997

MAKE SURE YOU COME OUT TO THE COURSE!

In loving memory of a dear husband, father and grandfather, who passed away 20 years ago today. In Loving Memory of Leonard George Lickers 28 June, 1929 - 27 June, 2014 Len went to sing his bluegrass in heaven three years ago. His singing bluegrass there with his brothers and friends.

Our hearts are heavy The sorrow is hard to bear We think of You often - all the time It’s hard to believe You are not here We know that in Heaven, Angels hold your hand but until the day we are with You We can only send our love. I do that everyday and I miss You terrible. We will meet again in Heaven some glad day You always took my Breath Away

Love You Always Wife Norma and Family

We will always treasure the times we spent together, loving you always and forgetting you never.

Elda, Val, Mike & Carol, Andy & Julia & Boys and Samantha & Boys

Thank You I would like to send out a big thank you to the Dreamcatcher Committee for their generous donation for the cost of Educational Testing for my Son. It is appreciated more than words can say. Nya: weh Bonnie Clause

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TWO TWOROW ROWTIMES TIMES

June JUNE28th, 21ST, 2017

Send your notices to tworowtimes@gmail.com

ATTN: Notice

In Memoriam

Yard Sale

In Memoriam

In memory of our Son, Brother, Dad, Grandson, Denver Henhawk who left us 3 years ago today June 26, 2014. More and more each day we miss him friends may think the wound is healed: But they little know the sorrow lying with in our hearts concealed. Always remembered, loved and missed dearly by, Mom, Gram, Sisters, Brothers, and Children; Nic, Tessa and Bennett. and Aunties & Uncles and Cousins. Until we meet again!!!

Notice

We would like to welcome our newest addition to our families, Miah Lynn Maracle enter the world on June 2, 2017 at 10:29 pm weighing 7 1bs. 12 oz. with the help from Daddy and Auntie Pog born at Brantford General Hospital with Doctors and nurses from 3rd floor Family Birthing Centre Proud parents David Maracle and Rikki Jamieson, Grandparents Melvin and Christal Maracle, Rick Jamieson and the late Katrina McQueen along with numerous Uncles and Aunties, Great Grandparents, Great-Uncles and Great-Aunties and cousins.

Notice

Notice

Annual Grace Conference Guest Speakers Danny Ray Phillips and David Hughes Place..Chiefswood Christian Fellowship 506 4th line 7km west of Ohsweken Six Nations Indian Reservation Ont. Canada Dates...July 6-9, 7pm Nightly....Mornings 10am Good Music, Fun, Food and Fellowship Info. Phillip Sault H...905.768.5442 C...289.925.1669 www.chiefswoodchristianfellowship.com

Notice

Notice

Please recycle this newspaper

Notice

Children’s Creative Workshop

“The Red Barn” CHILDREN 9 TO 14 YEARS

July 10 – 14, 2017 July 17 – 21, 2017

9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.

Sour Springs Longhouse (3rd Line) DONATION: $20;00 /per child/per week Must have Health Card Number REGISTRATION LOCATION/TIMES: Wednesday, June 21, 2017 Chiefswood Park 10:00 am to 2:00 pm Friday, June 23, 2017 Iroquois Plaza 10:00 am to 2:00 PM Thursday, June 29, 2017 GREAT Atrium 10:00 am to 2:00 pm SPONSORED BY: Six Nations Community Development Trust Fund, Brantford Community Foundation & Six Nations Band Council

MOHAWK CHAPEL Sunday, July 9, 2017 SOUNDS OF THE SUMMER 10:00 – 3:00 All are welcome to enjoy music, vendors & food Performances by: Sweet Memories, Lacey Hill & James Wilson Contact Info: coordinator@ mohawkchapel.ca

In Memoriam

Thank You - Restoule (General) There are no words to describe the appreciation and gratitude to everyone for your kindness, compassion and assistance shown to us during the illness and recent loss of our beloved wife, mother and daughter, Steph. We would like to thank the following for the care, advice and support given to her: Dr. Connelly, Dr. McNeil and the Outreach Team, Dr. Lee and his team at the Cancer wing at BGH, the nursing staff at BGH, her health care team, Rochelle, Elissa and Karen, Care Partner’s Nursing staff, CCAC, Long Term Care for the PSW’s awesome care and support that she received; Miles to Go Cancer Support Group for making sure she had whatever she needed; to Bill Lofthouse for the guidance and support in granting Stephs requests and taking care of the arrangements, to her sister Katie and cousins Lisa J, Lisa G, Bush, Carole, Krissy, Bean and Missy for being pallbearers and Whoop D Doo Ball team for being honorary pallbearers; thanks to everyone for the monetary/food donations, cards, flowers; to Rod Miller for catering the meal. A very special thankyou to her Aunt Pat who generously let Steph spend her last days at her house and to her Aunts Wanda, Rock, Flo and her cousin Bush and other family members who spent countless hours and nights to make sure Steph was comfortable and to Carole and Aunt Wandsy for stopping by everyday on their lunch and to all of her friends who stopped by just to keep her company. Also thanks to their Northern family from Dokis First Nation who came to support Shawn and the family and his mom Martha, who came to help with anything that needed to be done – it meant so much to her and to us knowing we have such a caring family and community. If I missed anyone, I’m sorry, but your words of comfort and support meant so much to us knowing how much our Steph was loved. Thank you all so very much.

Services

Services

JYNDS

CONSTRUCTION

Notice

Royal Canadian Legion Branch 90 21 Oak St Brantford 519-752-0331 We are accepting hall rental reservations for your event. Buck and Doe Birthdays - Holiday Parties - Anniversaries Weddings - Family Reunions - Showers Celebration of Life or ANY special event. Branch 90 has been serving the Brant County area since 1927 and will be happy to ensure your visit to us is a memorable one!

We also have entertainment every Friday night and Karaoke Saturday evening.

In Memoriam

Specialization

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TWO TWO ROW ROW TIMES TIMES

June JUNE 28th, 28TH, 2017 2017

CLUES ACROSS 1. A minute amount (Scott) 5. Supernatural 11. Shortening 14. More firm 15. Other side 18. Philippine island 19. More unnatural 21. Microsoft Surface Book 23. Ice T’s wife 24. Domesticates 28. Only one time 29. In absentia 30. Crustlike surface of a healing skin lesion 32. Distress signal 33. Engine additive 35. 1990s female R&B trio 36. Very fast airplane 39. A reward (archaic) 41. Anno Domini 42. Golf supplies 44. Indian term of respect 46. French river 47. Turn down the lights 49. Blood-sucking African fly 52. Provides info 56. Procrastinates 58. Tower with balconies 60. Where researchers work 62. Religious office 63. Must-have for office workers CLUES DOWN 1. In possession of 2. Aborigines 3. Early Syrian kingdom 4. Clip 5. Misleads 6. Cosmetic Ingredient Review 7. Calcium 8. United Talent Agency 9. Hair problem 10. Took down

35 43

ARIES – Mar 21/Apr 20 Aries, even if you want to take the lead on something, you have to pay attention to the chain of command in this situation. This may require you to play second fiddle for a little while. TAURUS – Apr 21/May 21 Taurus, you’re motivated to get started on a new project, but you may not have the means. Find out if anyone is willing to invest in your vision. GEMINI – May 22/Jun 21 Avoid conflicts by talking through the situation with someone who has opposing views, Gemini. When you understand others’ perspectives, you can be more accommodating. CANCER – Jun 22/Jul 22 Cancer, if life gets a little hectic this week, find a spot where you can relax and enjoy the quiet for a little while. Recharging the batteries may be all that’s needed.

12. Round Dutch cheese 13. Bicycle manufacturer 16. Suffix plural 17. Painting technique 20. Small Eurasian deer (pl.) 22. Mr. T’s character “__ Baracus” 25. Progressive nerve disease 26. Shock therapy 27. Able to be sold 29. Suffix 31. Binary coded decimal 34. Goes well with a carrot 36. A way to measure performance 37. Doctor __, children’s book author

Answers for June 28, 2017 Crossword Puzzle

38. Jewish calendar month 40. Designated hitter 43. Polish village 45. Part of the mind 48. Hand (Spanish) 50. Hit with the open hand 51. Italian island 53. Shakespeare was one 54. Lake __, one of the Great 55. Oswald and Marvin were two 57. Soak up using something absorbent 58. Kids’ dish __ and cheese 59. Expression of disappointment 61. The ancient Egyptian sun god

SUDOKU

LEO – Jul 23/Aug 23 Leo, extend your magnanimity to someone who may have recently spurned you. This will demonstrate that you can always be counted on to do the right thing. VIRGO – Aug 24/Sept 22 Virgo, if others can’t see your vision, you may have to forge on and hope for the best. Not everyone understands your brand of thinking, and you need to accept that. LIBRA – Sept 23/Oct 23 Libra, now might be time for a new career or a return to the workforce if you have been away. You just may discover a new identity through your work. SCORPIO – Oct 24/Nov 22 Keep up the good work in furthering your relationship progress, Scorpio. Your commitment is even stronger than it has been in the past. This is a great step forward. SAGITTARIUS – Nov 23/Dec 21 Sagittarius, discuss your social calendar with others so that dates do not get confused and parties do not overlap. This way guests will not have to pick and choose which events to attend. CAPRICORN – Dec 22/Jan 20 Ignore any hurtful comments that may come your way, Capricorn. Your emotional strength is potent, and you can successfully ride out any storm. AQUARIUS – Jan 21/Feb 18 Aquarius, if you are being called on to wear many hats at work, it is only right that you be compensated accordingly. This is a week for showing the bosses you mean business. PISCES – Feb 19/Mar 20 Remember that being in a relationship requires a lot of work, Pisces. Don’t keep your feelings bottled up and hope for the best.

PLACE YOUR CLASSIFIED ADS AT

3304 Sixth Line Rd. Ohsweken, Ontario N0A 1M0 Phone: (905) 765-7884 Fax: (905) 765-3154 construction@sitnbull.ca

Oneida Business Park ♦ 50 Generations Drive Suite 124 (at the back of the building) MON - FRI 10-4 or email us at tworowtimes@gmail.com

3304 Sixth Line Rd. Ohsweken, Ontario N0A 1M0 Phone: (905) 765-7884 Fax: (905) 765-3154 RIMS & BATTERIES • UNBELIEVABLE PRICES

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TWO ROW TIMES

June 28th, 2017