Trader's Dispatch May 2025

MAY 2025

Vol. XXVI No. 4 P.O. Box 997 Conrad, MT 59425-0997

Phone 406-271-5533 Fax 406-271-5727 website: tradersdispatch.com E-MAIL: advertising @ tradersdispatch.com

Montana State Hail Insurance available

Applications for the State Hail Insurance Program are now available through the Montana Department of Agriculture (MDA).

Producers can insure crops against hail damage at the maximum coverage rate of $75 per acre for dryland and $114 per acre for irrigated land. Rates charged are a percentage of the insured amount and vary by county. A detailed list of rates by county and crop can be found online by visiting the MDA website. State policies are available for purchase until August 15, 2025.

Producers who previously purchased state hail insurance will receive applications in the mail. Application forms are also available online or by calling the MDA office. Staff are available to process policies, file claims, and help answer any questions producers may have regarding coverage options.

Completed forms can be emailed, mailed, faxed, or used as a reference when contacting the office by phone.

Contact Information: Montana State Hail Insurance Program P.O. Box 200201 Helena, MT 59620 Phone: (406) 444-5429 Email: agrhail@mt.gov Toll Free: 1 (844) 515-1571 Fax: (406) 444-9442 Loss claims are due to the office by October 1, 2025, and must be submitted within two weeks of the hail damage occurrence. Forms are available online or by request.

PRIVATE TREATY

Browning Angus, Fallon MT........................................................................ A8 Clay Creek Angus, Greybull, WY................................................................ A10 K & C Herefords, Deer Lodge MT................................................................. C8 K.L. Slagsvold Herefords, Lindsay MT......................................................... C8 McMurry Cattle, Herefords, Billings MT...................................................... C8 Wichman Herefords, Moore MT................................................................... C8

Registration now open for 406 Grazing Academy

From the MSU News Service Once again for 2025, Montana State University’s College of Agriculture and Montana Agricultural Experiment Station will co-host the 406 Grazing Academy. MSU’s Dan Scott Ranch Management Program and Northern Agricultural Research Center have teamed up with the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation’s Rangeland Resources Program to put on the event, which will be held June 3-5 in Havre.

The grazing academy is an immersive, three-day hands-on learning experience that aims to deepen attendees’ knowledge of grazing management.

This year’s event will feature educational and campfire speakers, live grazing demonstrations, in-class instruction and tours of the Northern Agricultural Research Center and its facilities.

Academy exercises will include soil health and pasture walks, riparian area grazing, clipping and soil texturing CONTINUED ON PAGE A2

PRODUCTION SALES

May 30-31, Roundup Horse Sale, Roundup MT............................................ A8

In our many travels around this beautful state of Montana we have come across many old abandoned building and alway wonder what the story is behind them. Were they old homesteads? Some are still standing strong against the elements like this one we found near Bean Lake outside of Augusta, Montana.

Tractor and equipment safety courses

By Nebraska Extension Program (NSTMOP) grants an exemption Nebraska Extension and Central States to the law, allowing 14- and 15-year-olds Center for Agricultural Safety and Health to drive a tractor and to do field work with (CS-CASH) at the University of Nebraska certain mechanized equipment.

Medical Center, College of Public Health, The Nebraska Extension and CS-CASH have announced plans for the annual traccollaborate to offer NSTMOP certification. tor and equipment safety training courses Certification is earned by completing a twoscheduled in June for Gering and Chadron. day certification course, which includes a The Tractor and Equipment Trainwritten test and a driving exam. ing Course will be held June 3-4 at the The cost of the course is $60 and includes Legacy of the Plains Museum in Gering. educational materials, the online learning The safety course will also be held June link (if applicable), supplies, and lunch and 5 at the Dawes County Fairgrounds in snacks at in-person training. Payment will Chadron. be made via credit card if registering online Federal law prohibits youth under 16 or via check if registering by mail. years of age from using certain equipTo register, visit go.unmc.edu/tractorment on a farm unless their parents or safety-training. Contact Kelsey Irvine at legal guardians own the farm. However, kepalm@unmc.edu or 402-321-4236 with certification received through the National questions.

Safe Tractor and Machinery Operation

AUCTIONS

May 12 - May 19, Musser Bros Auction, Willow Creek Ranch Belt MT, Online..............................................A5 May 12 - 20, Grizzly Auctions, Spring into auction sale Consignment, Online................................................A2 May 12 - May 21, Musser Bros Auction, Equipment Reduction for Area Farmers & Contractors, Great Falls MT Online.................................................................A5 May 17, Weaver Auctions, Spring Consignment, Drummond MT..................................................................A3 May 18, RLP Auctions, Cowboy Collectibles, Hamilton MT.............................................................................A4 May 19 - June 3, Ascent Auction Services, Chaney Family Moving, Online.........................................................A7 May 26 - 28, Resource Auction, Culbertson, MT Commercial Real Estate, Online......................................A7 May 29, Fritz Auction, Consignment Sale, Chester MT & Online.......................................................................A9 May 30, Shobe Auction, Inc., Craver Vintage Winchester Rifle, Western Art & Collector Knives, Lewistown MT. ................................................................................A11

May 31, Burow’s Auction Service, Eugene Warehime Estate, Belt MT.......................................................A12 May 31, Weaver Auctions, Weston Ranch Estate, Drummond MT................................................................A10 May 31, Kevin Hill Auction Service, Allen “Punkie” Burgess Estate. Plains MT & Online..............................A6 May 31, Weishaar Auction Service, Vliem Retirement Ranch Equipment, Lemmon SD & Online..............A13 June 7, Ophus Auction Service, John Pike Construction, Chinook MT............................................................A15 June 7, RK Statewide Auction, D L Larson Estate, Brockway MT...................................................................A14 June 7, Kuhbacher Auction Service, KP Stevens Ranch & Hay Equipment, Ashland MT..............................A18 June 14, Weaver Auctions, Alfred Deschamps Estate, Frenchtown MT......................................................A19 June 14, Weishaar Auction Service, Bader Retirement, Mott ND..................................................................A23 June 14, RK Statewide Auction, Richland County Consignment, Sidney MT.............................................A27 June 26, Flying D Auction, Rock Rings, Inc. Pearson Retirement, Conrad MT..........................................A33

ADVERTISING DEADLINE FOR JUNE ISSUE

Wednesday, May 28

Advertiser Index B1

Email: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

Recipe Patch A40

Website: www.tradersdispatch.com

Trader’s Dispatch May 2025 — Page A2

406-252-9440 Billings, MT

cen-dakleasing.com

TIMPTE AG HOPPERs Starting @ $73,500 CALL FOR SPEC’S / MORE INFO!!

2025 ARMOR LITE 42-ft. - 23.5 yards, 3 axle, A/R RR lift, aluminum fenders, electric tarp................$68,900

2024 ARMOR LITE steel hopper, 42-ft., 70” sides, mechanical tarp, vented posts............................$43,900

1997 TRAIL KING TK70 mechanical detach, air ride, outriggers, 2007 T/K flip axle.........................$32,500

Registration now open for 406 Grazing Academy CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

2024 DEMCO steel Ag Hopper, 40-ft., 25” hopper clearance, 1120 bushel.........................................$44,500

exercises, stocking rate and density demonstrations, plant identification, photo monitoring, animal nutrition and the economics of grazing systems. Presenters will include Dan Scott Ranch Management Program lead Rachel Frost, NRCS and DNRC staff, and local ranchers.

Registration costs $150, which includes lunch and dinner all three days along with educational materials and field exercises. The deadline to register is May 15 or until available seats are filled.

The registration fee does not include hotel and travel costs. A block of rooms has been reserved at the Havre Inn & Suites, and participants can use code “Montana DNRC” for a group discount.

Registration is available at https://www.mtrangelands. org/406ga, and a full agenda can be found at https://www. mtrangelands.org. For questions, contact Frost at frost@ montana.edu or DNRC program manager Stacey Barta at sbarta@mt.gov.

2024 DEMCO 53-ft. steel beavertail step with 3 HD flip ramps, front & rear axle dump valves............$54,500

Budgeting for additional forage in times of drought

2024 DEMCO 46-ft. 3 axle (128” spread), A/R with rear lift axle, portable cab controls, tarp................$84,900

2015 WILSON aluminum 53-ft. stepdeck, tire inflate, sliding RR axle, load levelers........................$34,950

GRIZZLYAUCTIONS.COM 2025 ANNUAL “SPRING INTO AUCTION “SALE” Multi-seller – Open Consignment

Bidding Opens May 9th, 2025 Preview in person on May 18th from 9am-5pm or by appointment only.

Final Preview is Tuesday, May 20th from 9am-5-pm

AUCTION YARD LOCATED AT: 5663 Yellowstone Trail, Huntley, Montana, 59037

First Item Closes Tuesday, May 20th at 6pm (MST)

Accepting Additions that can stay outside in any weather, through May 16th, 2025 For more details, call Shauna at 406-579-4262 to confirm your consignments.

Check back often as items are being added daily!

By Shannon Sand, UNL I’ve had several producers ask what to do in the event of a drought. In addition to monitoring trigger dates, it’s crucial to plan for potential forage shortfalls. Creating a forage budget helps you match what your pasture can produce with what your livestock need to eat—think of it like balancing a checkbook, but with grass.

Step 1: Estimate Forage Availability A good rule of thumb: one inch of forage across an acre yields about 200 pounds of dry matter. So, if you have 6 inches of good-quality forage, that’s roughly 1,200 pounds per acre.

Step 2: Calculate Herd Requirements A 1,200-pound cow eats about 30 pounds of dry matter daily. For 100 cows, that’s 3,000 pounds each day.

Step 3: Compare Supply and Demand Divide your available forage by daily demand to estimate how many grazing days you have. If you’re short, consider options like adjusting stocking rates, supplementing with feed or hay, or using other strategies.

Example: If you’re short 30 days at 3,000 lbs/day of forage for the season that’s 90,000 lbs. of forage and hay costs around $80/ ton, you’ll need 45 tons to make up the difference. That’s an additional $3,600 in hay expenses.

Bottom line: Knowing your forage budget puts you in control helping you make timely decisions, save money, and keep your herd productive.

Make your grass work for you, know your forage budget.

THE TRADER’S DISPATCH FEATURING:

1970 HONDA 450, 1980 VESPA PIAGIO GRANDE, 2003 YAMAHA GRIZZLY 4-WHEELER, BICYCLES, SCOOTER, ANTIQUES & COLLECTIBLES, CAMPING & FISHING, ART AND LOTS OF FABRIC/PATTERNS FOR AVID SEAMSTRESS/QUILTER

(USPS 019-793)

MAY 2025 — Vol. XXVI No. 4 Published monthly by Trader’s Dispatch Inc., PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997. Free on request to farmers, ranchers, heavy equipment owners and truckers in the Western United States.

Non-qualifying in-state annual subscription fee is $15.

Out-of-state nonqualifying U.S. annual subscription $25.

Periodicals Postage Paid at Conrad, MT and at additional mailing offices.

DEADLINE FOR JUNE ISSUE

Wednesday, MAY 28

Pay & Pick Up May 21st & May 22nd from 9am-5pm

View Catalog and PLACE YOUR BIDS at: GrizzlyAuctions.com Grizzly Auctions is also hosting Phase 3:

An Afternoon Tea With Sarah C. “A Vintage Sarah Coventry Silent Auction”

May 17th from 2pm-4pm. Please view catalog for details.

Postmaster: Send address changes to Trader’s Dispatch, PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997 Jean Aaberg, production Geri Aaberg, circulation Kathy Peterson, ad layout Suzy Benzing, sales and ad layout

Office Phone 406-271-5533 e-mail: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

FAX 406-271-5727

www.tradersdispatch.com

Notice: Advertisers purchase space and circulation only. All property rights to any advertisements produced for the advertiser by Trader’s Dispatch, using artwork or typography furnished or arranged by Trader’s Dispatch shall be the property of Trader’s Dispatch. No such ad or any part thereof may be reproduced or assigned without the consent of Trader’s Dispatch. If camera ready copy is submitted, a PDF is preferred with all fonts embedded. All black type must be 100% black and color must be CMYK. WE CANNOT GUARANTEE PRINTING QUALITY on any ads sent in RGB and/or built on non-standard publishing programs, i/e, Word or Power Point. If the format is incorrect we may need to rebuild your ad. We have graphic designers available to build your ad, simply send us ad copy along with any photos you wish to include. Photos should be high resolution sent as JPGs. No thumbnail photos please.

What vaccines should I use? Tips for establishing vaccination protocols

By Lindsay Waechter-Mead, DVM, Nebraska Extension Beef Educator

There are several factors to consider when establishing an appropriate vaccination protocol for your operation. Plans are not “one size fits all”. Understanding the principals of vaccination may be helpful when choosing what product to use, when to use them, and how to ensure the animals get the most benefit.

First, producers should establish a veterinary-client-patient relationship (VCPR) with a trusted veterinarian. A valid VCPR states the goals of your operation and explains how your veterinarian can help you reach those goals. This contract is essential for outlining what animal health products (i.e. vaccinations, antibiotics) fit your operation best, and should be renewed on an annual basis.

A vaccine is used to reduce the risk of disease.

Research trials are conducted to assess how well the product will affect the immune system of the animal, measuring what protection is provided from disease challenges. Vaccines do not completely prevent disease.

Most products will shorten the duration and severity of disease in the majority of animals, but not all. Each immune system reacts differently, even within the same herd. Animals that are stressed or sick may have a depressed immune response when compared to a healthy animal. Vaccines work best when given to healthy animals.

Vaccines take time to work. Giving an injection today does not equal 100% protection tomorrow.

Once an animal receives the product, it may take up to one month for the immune system to create antibodies, which will be activated during the next disease challenge. Therefore, it is best to anticipate when and what diseases are a threat and administer a vaccine protocol one month prior. For example, if pre-weaning summer pneumonia has been a concern, adding a vaccine that targets respiratory pathogens prior to grass turn-out may be beneficial.

Some vaccines need a second booster to help amplify and activate the antibody production. Reading the product label and discussing protocols with your veterinarian will help to ensure the product is used correctly.

Vaccines play a vital role in animal health, and achiev##### Blueberries are native to North America. Native Americans called blueberries “Star Berries”, as the blossom end has five points like a star.

ing the best possible results requires combining them with good management practices. The most effective plans incorporate other elements to ensure protection against disease. These include proper nutrition, managing environmental challenges, and establishing a robust biosecurity plan for introducing new animals. When considering these factors, a custom herd health protocol can be established that benefits your operation.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A3

0

,00 $24

1974 Austin Western Super 301 6WD Grader Extensive repairs completed

Big Tractors & Truck Sales (406) 606-0680 • Billings, MT

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A4

Rangeland grasshoppers in 2025

NEW HDPE PIPE – IN STOCK –

1” – 11/4” – 11/2” – 2” – 3” & 4” x 200 psi

Use for irrigation, stock water or drinking water.

Red stripe for electrical use.

Yellow stripe for natural gas use.

Also available 3/4” to 2” SIDR TURF/IRRIGATION HDPE pipe 3/4” - 4” orange smooth wall HDPE conduit HDPE pipe available in 20 to 50-ft. lengths from 6” to 66” diameter Pipe is available by the stick - coil - reel - truckload

By Dave Boxler, Nebraska Extension Educator This spring look for grasshoppers hopping in the grass below- once they mature into adults and can fly, control is ineffective.

Grasshoppers have been recognized as a periodic problem in Nebraska for many years.

Pasture grasshopper species that are most damaging are

Call Ed at Big Sky Pipe – Great Falls, MT Delivery available 406-453-7299 Veteran Owned

or Email: ed.bigskypipe64@hotmail.com – www.bigskypipeandsupply.com

AUCTION Sunday, May 18, 2025 at 10 am at RLP Sale Barn, Hamilton, MT

31/2 miles north of Hamilton on Hwy 93 Preview: Saturday, May 17 - 12:00 - 5:00 pm These items are being auctioned through I Collector.

You may bid in-house or online. Go to rlpauctions.net to register for online bidding.

found in areas with less than 30 inches of annual rainfall. Two-thirds of Western Nebraska fall into this rainfall category.

With the occurrence of consecutive years of drought, grasshopper outbreaks are possible. The past several years southwestern, southcentral, and western Nebraska have experienced below normal precipitation.

This type of weather pattern can play a large

role in rangeland grasshopper outbreaks.

The 2025 Rangeland Grasshopper Hazard Map (Fig 1) indicates ten counties (red) in Nebraska that had fall adult grasshopper numbers averaging over 15 per square yard.

These data are based on the 2024 adult survey, which is a good indicator of possible grasshopper issues for the summer of 2025.

COWBOY COLLECTIBLES NATIVE AMERICAN AMERICANA GUNS MOUNTS TRACTORS GOLD & SILVER

RLP Auctions

(406) 369-2640 www.rlpauctions.net

Upcoming Auctions Summer Time Sportsman & Collectible Online Auction, Glendive, MT Bidding Closes May 18th, 7:00 pm Myran Moving Online Auction Glendive, MT Bidding Closes May 21st, 7:00 pm Waite Moving & Guest Online Auction, Glendive, MT Bidding Closes May 28th, 7:00 pm McNall Overstock #3 Online Auction, Fallon, MT Bidding Closes June 5th, 7:00 pm Summer Time Firearm, Ammo & Collectibles Online Auction, Sidney, MT Bidding Closes June 22nd, 7:00 pm

Thinking Of Having An Auction? Contact Us for a Proposal and Timeline. Summer Dates are Filling Up Fast!

www.smeltzerauctions.com • 406-377-1169

Figure 1: Grasshopper Hazard Map 2025

Approximately 50 species of grasshoppers are found on rangeland in Nebraska; though, generally fewer than 10 species ever reach economic levels, accounting for 95 percent of the damage. Grasshoppers defoliate grass by direct feeding on leaf and stem tissue and by cutting off leaves or stems.

Life Cycle The developmental stages of all grasshoppers include the egg, nymphal, and adult stages. Most species winter as eggs.

Normally, grasshopper eggs will remain in the overwintering stage until the ground temperature reaches 50°to 55° Fahrenheit.

Newly hatched grasshoppers look like miniature adults except they lack wings, and their sex organs are not developed. As young grasshoppers grow, they shed their skin (molt). Depending upon the species they might molt four to six times, with five molts being the average. The rate at which nymphs develop is influenced by temperature and food quality. Most species reach the adult stage, 30 to 50 days after hatching.

Impact Grasshoppers consume up to 50% of their body weight every day in forage. Another way to look at it is an acre with 2.7 grasshoppers/yd2 equals 12,971 grasshoppers.

An acre with 69.7 grasshoppers/yd2 equates to the consumption of forage by one cow per day.

Economic thresholds for grasshopper densities in rangeland vary from 8 to 40 grasshoppers per square yard. The thresholds are influenced by several factors, including the cost of control product, projected forage yield, and the value of forage considered for treatment.

Monitoring As we move closer to late spring, livestock producers and landowners should visit their pasture sites and look for the possibility of small grasshoppers.

One of the better methods for determining grasshopper density is to count the number of grasshoppers using the square foot method. With this method sample at multiple sites about 50 to 75 feet apart. Select a point several feet away and visualize a one-foot square area around the point.

Walk toward the point counting any grasshoppers you see in or jumping out of this area. Repeat 18 times, total the number of grasshoppers and divide by 2. The resulting number will be the number of grasshoppers per square yard.

A request for technical assistance to evaluate the need for grasshopper control in rangeland may be submitted to USDAAPHIS, by contacting David Nielsen at (402) 434-2348 or by email at David.

Nielsen@usda.gov

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A5

TIMED ONLINE ONLY

BELT, MONTANA

ENDS: MAY 19 • 1:00 PM

AUCTIONEER’S NOTE: The new owners have invested considerable time and resources to ensure the equipment is auction-ready. Tractors, swather, trucks, and ATVs have all been thoroughly serviced and are in excellent working condition. Bid with confidence!

WILLOW CREEK RANCH Garrett (406) 224-0344

TIMED ONLINE ONLY

GREAT FALLS, MT ENDS: MAY 21 • 1:00 PM

Equipment Reduction For Area Farmers & Contractors Location: Glasgow, MT

Martinsdale, MT

1 of 19

BILLINGS MT (406) 652-2266 Martinsdale, MT

Martinsdale, MT

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A6

Registration open for 2025 North Dakota 4-H camps

www.kevinhillauctions.com • (406) 531-7927

ALLEN “PUNKIE” BURGESS ESTATE

Saturday, May 31, 2025 • LIVE/ONLINE 9am mdt EARLY START 928 Cottonwood Creek Rd • Plains, MT TIME, 9AM!

• JD 6125M w/ Cab, 4 WD • Argo Allis 8765 w/ Cab, Stuck in Gear • JD 4430 w/ Cab & Loader • JD 4430 w/ Cab, 2WD, 3 Rem • Zetar7745 Tractor w/ Cab,Missing Door • International B-414 Tractor • Massey Ferguson 1085 w/Cab, 2WD • Ford 9N Tractor • White Tractor 105 w/Cab • JD 4430 w/ Cab & Loader, 2WD, 2 REM • Drutz Fahr Dx4070 Tractor w/Cab • Kubota Tractor w/ Cab & Loader • JD 4230 w/ Cab, 2 WD, • New Holland Haybine 1495 (2) • JD 3055 w/ Cab, 2 REM • Deutz Fahr w/ Cab, 2 REM • David Brown 1410 w/ Cab & Post Driver • Westendorf Loader w/ Grapple • Koyker 510 Loader • JD 567 Round Baler, Net Wrap • SR112 Speed Rake • Field Disc 8’ Pull Type

TRACTORS/AG EQUIPMENT

• Field Disc 16’, Hyd Lift • New Holland 144 Hay Inverter • 3 Wheel Rake, 3 pt.

• MoCo 930 • MoCo 936 • Bale Feeder Wagon • 10’ Spring Tooth Cultivator • Rock Picker 6’ • Dual Loader • Haybuster 256 Plus II • Hand & Wheel Line • Ford Folding Disc 20’ • Ford 4 Bottom Plow • Ford Disc 12’ w/ Hyd. Lift • Offset Disc 8’ • 12’ Grain Drill • Alfalfa Seed- 1.5 Barrels • ATV Spray Tank • Hydra Bed 8’ • Shaver 12 Positioner Post Pounder • 6’ Offset Brush Hog • Misc. Tractor Buckets

• Gopher Getter Plow- 3 Point • T-Posts, Wood Posts, Barbwire Rolls • 10’ Concrete Feed Bunks (31+/-) • Farm Wagon 20’ • Palco Hydraulic Squeeze Chute LH 10’6” • Thorson Squeeze Chute w/ Palp Gate LH 8’ • Preifert Squeeze Chute LH 7’ • Thorson Calf Table- Reversable • Big Husky Silo Lamb/Hog Feeder • Columbia Grain Bins 18’W X 8 & 10’T • Koyker 7”X46’ Grain Auger PTO • JD 95 Combine w/ 16’ Header • Grass Hay Big Squares 4’x7’ (69+/Bales) • Grass Hay Rounds, Net 5’x5’ (168 +/Bales) • Grass Hay Rounds, Twine 5’x5’ (74 +/Bales) • Fuel Tanks on Stands & Saddle Type

SHOP/MISC.

• Collo Crimp T-400 Hydraulic Press • Hydraulic Fittings CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT • Cat 518 Skidder • Hydraulic Hoses • International Loadstar Truck-Flatbed • JD 690E LC Excavater w/ Hyd. Thumb • Polar American 40’ Dry Van • Bolt Bin-Small • JD 310C Backhoe, 2 WD, Overfill Trans. • Transtar Semi Tractor • Riteway Boiler-Wood To Move • Electric Wood Splitter (2) • Box Scraper- Pull Type • Ditch Witch JT920 Boring Machine • Pallet Jack • 40’ Semi Flatbed Trailer AUCTIONEERS NOTE: • Gehl 4835 SKT Skidsteer-Turbo, Fuel • 8’ Dump Box • Hi-Lifts Jacks- Many NO RESERVE AUCTION. Buyer premium applies to online buyers only!!

Tank Leak?

Champion Generator 9000ofWatt • More Skidsteer There Attachments Being will be live only items at•the end of the Live/Online portion sale.

Preview: May 29 & 30- Noon to• 6Honda PM & 8 AM • Bobcat S130 Skidsteer- 1650+/- Hrs Generator Added day of sale or by appointment only.

• Bobcat Bucket w/ Grapple • Dr. Weed Mower • Chamberlain Zoom Manlift • Toft Post Driver-New, Skidsteer QA • Vacmaster Vacuum Sealer • Aichi Skytower Track Lift • Mack Dump Truck • Meat Saw,Grinder-Table Top Model • Genie Personal Lift • Kenworth Tractor W900A, Cat 3406A • Pallet Forks QA Skidsteer • Dewalt Miter Saw DIRECTIONS: OF SALE- All items are sold as is, where is without recourse. Photo ID required for Motor TERMS Perma & Hot Springs mile marker 5.3 turnPump west on FireatEquipment GMC 7000 Dump Truck Gas From Hwy. 382 between• Western bidder registration. Cash or approved check day of auction. Note! No items•may be removed until satisfactory payment has been made! Seller and/or Kevin Hill Auction Service retain Michel Creek Rd for 2.3 miles to Cottonwood Creek Rd then north for .5 miles to • Agri Ease Blade,of any QA the right Snow to maintain possession itemSkidsteer sold until funds are verified. Unless known by US General Tool Box • HD5 Dozer 8’ Blade & Carco Rear auctionWinch site. Watch for•Signs! the Auction Company a bank letter of guarantee is required. Sale day announcements take precedence over printed matter.Thumb Auction Company under certain conditions may bid on behalf • Backhoe Mechanical See our Website for photos, inventory • Husky Tool Box-5’ of lien holder, seller or pre-approved absentee buyers. All items become the responsibility of the purchaser after being sold. By registering to bid at this auction, bidder agrees to sale or to bid online!

• Chainsaw Sharpener terms. Credit cards accepted at this auction. NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ACCIDENTS. VEHICLES/TRAILERS • Misc. Bolts, Nails, Screws • Table Saw 10” • Kodiak Top Kick 7000 Dsl. w/National • Kawasaki Mule (2) www.kevinhillauctions.com• Travalong • (406) 531-7927 GN Cargo Trailer 20’ • Table Saw 10”- Portable 6T-47 Boom • GMC 6000 Flatbed w/ Crane (Runs on • Flatbed GN Trailer, Tandem Duals, 25’ • Danmar 2 Post Lift- In Shop ALLEN “PUNKIE” BURGESS ESTATE Beaver Tail • Carolina Band Saw 7 Cyl?) May6.5 31,Dsl2025 • LIVE/ONLINE 9amCamp mdt Trailer • Fun-Lite Hi-Lo • Fisher Woodstove • 2000 GMCSaturday, 3500 Flatbed, EARLY START 928 Cottonwood Creek Rd • Plains, MT • Repair Manuals • 94 GMC 3500 SLE, Reg. Cab w/Camper • 14’ GN Stock TrailerTIME, 9AM! • 14’ Car Hauler Trailer • Propane Tanks, 320 Gallons (2) • Ambassador 33 Motor Home • 16’ Horse Trailer • 2- Ace Torch Sets • 04 Dodge 3500 Flatbed, Dsl • 16’ GN Flatbed • Laundry Sink • 95 Dodge 3500, 5 spd, Cummins • 95 Flatbed Car Hauler Trailer • Transmission Jack- Tall • 02 Chevy 2500 HD, Long Bed • Keifer GN Stock Trailer 20’ • Misc.531-7927 Roofing Tin • (406) • 89 F350 w/ Balewww.kevinhillauctions.com Bed • Honda 4 Wheeler • 12’ Dump Rake • 98 Dodge Pickup • Yamaha Big Bear 4 Wheeler • Misc. Tin • 08 F350 Ext. Cab w/ Bale Bed • 16’ Flatbed Trailers (2) • Miller 185 Welder • Kawasaki Mule • Flatbed Trailer 33’, Triple Axle • Magna Force Vertical Compressor • F250 Flatbed w/ Bale Feeder • Mobile Demension Sawmill Model 128, • Centry 295 Welder • 96 Dodge 3500 Ext. Cab, Dsl Saturday, • LIVE/ONLINE 9amRedmdt SN. 12838 • OSB Sheets& Blue • PJ 14’ Dump Trailer14K • PCMMT 625i Welder EARLY START 928 Cottonwood Creek Rd • Plains, TIME, 9AM! MORE INVENTORY BEING ADDED • Vise On Stand • King Sand Blaster-Portable & THIS LIST MAY VARY BY SALE TIME! • Stihl 026 Chainsaw • Century Wire Welder AUCTIONEERS NOTE: NO RESERVE AUCTION. • Hand Grain Grinder Buyer premium applies to online buyers only!!

AUCTIONEERS NOTE: • KAR Bins- 4 Drawer There will be live only items at the end of the • Gas Water Pump Live/Online portion of sale.

ALLEN “PUNKIE” BURGESS ESTATE

May 31, 2025

NO RESERVE AUCTION. Buyer premium applies to online buyers only!!

There will be live only items at the end of the Live/Online portion of sale.

Preview: May 29 & 30- Noon to 6 PM & 8 AM day of sale or by appointment only.

Preview: May 29 & 30 Noon to 6 PM and 8 AM day of sale or by appointment only.

TERMS OF SALE- All items are sold as is, where is without recourse. Photo ID required for bidder registration. Cash or approved check day of auction. Note! No items may be removed until satisfactory payment has been made! Seller and/or Kevin Hill Auction Service retain the right to maintain possession of any item sold until funds are verified. Unless known by the Auction Company a bank letter of guarantee is required. Sale day announcements take precedence over printed matter. Auction Company under certain conditions may bid on behalf of lien holder, seller or pre-approved absentee buyers. All items become the responsibility of the purchaser after being sold. By registering to bid at this auction, bidder agrees to sale terms. Credit cards accepted at this auction. NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ACCIDENTS.

DIRECTIONS:

From Hwy. 382 between Perma & Hot Springs at mile marker 5.3 turn west on Michel Creek Rd for 2.3 miles to Cottonwood Creek Rd then north for .5 miles to auction site. Watch for Signs!

See our Website for photos, inventory or to bid online!

See our website for photos and full details. www.kevinhillauctions.com AUCTIONEERS NOTE:

NO RESERVE AUCTION. Buyer premium applies to online buyers only!!

There will be live only items at the end of the Live/Online portion of sale.

Preview: May 29 & 30- Noon to 6 PM & 8 AM day of sale or by appointment only.

Youth ages 5 to 18 will have the opportunity to develop new skills while having fun at the North Dakota 4-H Camp this summer.

Located on 80 scenic acres along the Missouri River near Washburn, North Dakota, the camp features air-conditioned cabins and state-of-the-art facilities. The camp was updated in 2013, and an outdoor education building was added in 2018. This year, two additional buildings will expand the educational space.

“For more than 50 years, the North Dakota 4-H Camp has provided a safe environment where youth build friendships, master new skills and gain independence and confidence,” says Karla Meikle, state 4-H activities coordinator. 4-H is an NDSU Extension program.

The camp is staffed by NDSU Extension agents, state specialists and dedicated volunteers — all experts in their fields. The staff designs engaging programs that provide a foundation of knowledge and hands-on learning. Camp counselors mentor campers, oversee daily activities and lead recreational programs.

Various camps are offered each summer, including specialtopic camps such as Livestock Camp and Beginner Outdoor Skills Camp. Livestock Camp helps youth enhance their animal care, handling and showmanship skills, and Beginner Outdoor Skills Camp introduces youth to the world of outdoor recreation.

Adventure Camp offers diverse activities, including canoeing, kayaking, archery, STEM projects and crafts. Other 4-H camp experiences may include fishing, drone flying, scavenger hunts, soil science and woodworking.

“These camps give youth the perfect opportunity to explore new interests,” says Meikle. “We encourage campers to unplug from electronics and embrace outdoor adventures.”

Two camps are new this year: 1) Energy Exploration Camp, where participants will explore energy science, learn about career opportunities and tour energy sites across western North Dakota and 2) Careers and Tech Ed Camp, where youth will engage with professionals in skilled trade careers while gaining hands-on experience in electricity, welding and carpentry.

Beyond educational sessions, campers can enjoy a range of recreational activities, including hiking, archery, Dutch oven cooking, evening campfires, waterslides, dances and ga-ga ball.

“We strive to make each camper’s experience safe, fun, educational and memorable,” adds Meikle. “Many campers return year after year, often attending multiple camps in one season.”

Camps also feature the Healthy Camp Challenge, where campers earn points for making nutritious choices, practicing healthy habits and staying active. The Golden Plunger Award is given to the cabin that maintains the cleanest living space.

“Our campers gain confidence, learn problem-solving skills and develop lifelong abilities — all while having fun,” says Meikle.

Registration is now open for the 2025 camps. Visit ndsu. ag/nd4-hcamp for camp schedules and descriptions. Contact your county Extension office for more information, and follow the camp on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/ ND4HCAMP to see highlights from past seasons.

Seeds and transplanting tips As soon as the first true leaf appears from between the seed leaves, the seedlings are ready to be transplanted.

When transplanting, fill a seed tray with compost. Mark out planting holes with a dibber or pencil to ensure even spacing. The holes should be spaced over 1” (2.5 cm) apart in each direction. A standard seed tray will accommodate forty to ninety seedlings. Using a plant label or a narrow piece of plastic, lever up a small clump of seedlings. Catch a seedling by one leaf and use the dibber or pencil to tease it away from the clump. Drop the seeding into the dibber.

When the tray is full of seedlings, label and water with a finerose attachment on a watering can. Place the tray in a cold frame or on an indoor window ledge but away from direct sunshine for a few days. Then move into direct sunlight for a few weeks until the plants are well established and healthy. ##### When I bought beer at the grocery store, the clerk asked for my birthdate. I said, “10-3-60.”

Her next question: “Is that ‘19’ 60?”

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A7

Adjusting calving window

By Madeline Drake, K-State Research and Extension news service Timing is the key to a successful calving season, but beef cattle producers often wonder how they can narrow the calving window, or the timeframe in which cows will be giving birth.

Speaking on a recent Cattle Chat podcast, K-State beef cattle scientist Bob Larson said a wide calving window poses two main challenges for producers: Aligning calving with forage seasons, because forage must be adequate for the lactating cows.

Calves born early in the season have higher weight and value, thus a tighter calving season can produce more of these calves.

Larson said producers’ goal should be reproductive efficiency and notes that it can be very difficult to move late calving cows to calve earlier in the season.

“I would probably focus on developing replacement heifers so that all of my replacement heifers calve early, and over time cull the late bred cows,” Larson said.

When determining the length of the calving window, Larson suggests capping it at 70 days.

“Herds can have high reproductive efficiency within 65-70 days, which is the goal,” he said. “By breeding heifers early, turning out fertile bulls and aligning with forage seasons over a couple of years, producers can narrow that window.”

“In general, give yourself four or five years to move from that long window to a shorter calving window.”

Larson and others also discussed whether synchronization efforts could assist in shortening the calving window. Larson said synchronization efforts would only work if the producer separated the herd into multiple calving groups.

“I don’t recommend doing that because the marginal gain is relatively small; it’s just a few cows each time I do that, that get moved forward,” Larson said.

Larson suggests penciling out cost implications when deciding what actions to take. “Each situation is different as there is not a one-size fits all solution for calving windows,” he said.

“You’ve added a lot of complexity and labor to cow management and (you need to determine if) that aligns with your other responsibilities,” Larson said.

COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE

2011 Forest River Blue Ridge 3025 5th wheel

3-slides, electric fire place, wired for TV, central vacuum, electric awning.

Very good condition. New converter.

Phone (406) 450-3647, leave message

CHANEY FAMILY MOVING AUCTION BELGRADE MT.

ONLINE ONLY BIDDING ENDS: JUNE 3RD AT 5:30 PM MST

406.616.2202 AscentAuction.com

AUCTION ONLINE BIDDING ONLY

BIDS OPEN MAY 26; CLOSE MAY 28, 2025

21 2ND ST W, CULBERTSON, MONTANA 59218

OFFERED IN 2 TRACTS:

Tract 1: Building + 0.13-acre lot Tract 2: 0.16-acre vacant lot across the street Great for expansion or new development. 10,000 sq ft building. Includes office, showroom, 4 service bays, and multiple storage areas For complete property details, photos, bidding information, & tract descriptions, visit

RESOURCEAUCTION.COM

SELL LAND | BUY LAND AUCTIONEERS

FOR MORE INFO CONTACT RESOURCE AUCTION’S: David Gorder 701-739-1292; Matt Stedman 406-480-2710

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A8

If you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch, and have found what you were looking for, please tell an advertiser.

~ ~ Private Treaty ~ ~

Black and Red Angus Bulls - Yearling and 2-year-olds These cattle are bred for long lasting maternal traits and moderate birth weights since 1981.

Fertility tested and delivered.

Contact Browning Angus (406) 486-5040 or (406) 429-7371, Fallon, MT

Sheep and goat advanced reproductive technologies workshop

Participants will receive key insights into pre-breeding nutrition, body condition scoring, estrous synchronization, reproductive evaluation of sires and artificial insemination techniques for sheep and goats.

Participants will receive key insights into pre-breeding nutrition, body condition scoring, estrous synchronization, reproductive evaluation of sires and artificial insemination techniques for sheep and goats. (Pixabay photo) Participants will receive key insights into pre-breeding nutrition, body condition scoring, estrous synchronization, reproductive evaluation of sires and artificial insemination techniques for sheep and goats. (Pixabay photo) For sheep and goat producers interested in implementing estrous synchronization and other reproductive technologies, NDSU Extension will host a Sheep and Goat Advanced Reproductive Technologies workshop on May 17 at the Hettinger Research Extension Center – Livestock Lab. Designed to provide detailed information on sheep and goat reproductive techniques, this workshop aims to prepare producers interested in implementing estrous synchronization and/or artificial insemination into their breeding programs.

Participants will receive key insights into pre-breeding nutrition, body condition scoring, estrous synchronization, reproductive evaluation of sires and artificial insemination techniques for sheep and goats.

This program will begin at 9:30 a.m. MDT at the Hettinger Research Extension Center Livestock Lab located at 106 1st Ave W, Hettinger, North Dakota.

“Reproductive technologies, like artificial insemination, have revolutionized breeding programs by expanding opportunities to quickly and efficiently incorporate superior genetics,” says Rachel Gibbs, NDSU Extension livestock specialist at the HREC. “We’re excited to offer this handson learning experience to support producers interested in adopting this strategy.”

To register for the NDSU Sheep and Goat Advanced Reproductive Technologies Workshop, visit ndsu.ag/ reproworkshop25.

For questions regarding the workshop, contact Rachel Gibbs at 701-567-4323.

Grass tetany

By Ben Beckman, UNL Fresh spring growth is a welcome sight for producers looking for animal forage. However, lush spring growth may be the perfect condition for a case of grass tetany. While turn out may be a ways off, mitigating this risk starts now.

Grass tetany is the result of low levels of magnesium in an animal’s blood stream. Low magnesium levels in lush, newly growing grass are often a main cause. In lactating animals, low dietary magnesium paired with a drain on calcium from milk production increases risk even more.

Calcium aids in magnesium absorption. This means, high milk producing and older animals are most at risk for developing tetany.

To prevent tetany problems this spring, it’s best to wait till grass in pastures has grown to at least 6 inches high before grazing. Legumes like alfalfa or clover, are a good source of magnesium, so grazing mixed grass and legume pastures can help balance mineral demands.

While cultural practices can reduce risk, providing correct and adequate mineral supplementation may be the most certain remedy. Cattle should be consuming 3-4 ounces daily of mineral containing supplemental calcium and 10-13% magnesium oxide. This should start at least 30 days before grazing begins, to ensure proper intake has been established.

Most high magnesium minerals utilize magnesium oxide, which is bitter tasting and can reduce animal consumption.

Mix magnesium fortified mineral with salt into a complete package or feed with a highly palatable protein or energy supplement to improve intake High magnesium mineral should be provided for animals until cool season grasses slow down growth and the levels of lush, fresh forage are reduced, around mid-May. Dealing with grass tetany in the spring doesn’t have to negatively impact your herd. Plan now to adjust grazing management or mineral supplementation for a tetany-free spring.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A9

2025 consignment sale

THURSDAY, May 29, 2025

LIV ON E S AN D O ITE NL INE

3288 RD 600E, CHESTER, MT – On Hwy 2, West of Chester, between

MM 313 & 314, TURN NORTH onto Rd 600 E 1.25 miles. WATCH FOR SIGNS!

Registration at 9:00 am, Sale and Simulcast at 10:00 am MST Register early for online bidding – To view and bid online go to www.equipmentfacts.com

This is a partial listing. Taking consignments until May 24.

ailable Lunch Av re lo from Exp America

AUCTIONEERS NOTE: Welcome to the 2025 Consignment Sale. Please remember that this is a partial listing and items are added daily. Watch equipmentfacts.com and fritzbull.com for updates. You may also scan our QR code to take you directly to our sales. To prevent online bidding delay, register and agree to Terms at least two days prior. You can preview onsite starting May 24 and you can see loadout dates online. Every item sells as is without reserve. Miles/hour listed are numbers from odometer and should be used as a reference only. See you May 29th -- The Fritz’s

TRUCKS/TRAILERS/RIGS

1987 PETERBILT semi, Cummins NTC-444, 18 speed.

1970s FREIGHTLINER semi.

1992 PETERBILT 377 tandem truck with tag, CAT 3406B, 22’ box.

1975 CHEVROLET C65 truck, single axle, gas, 4 speed Hi/Lo, hoist, roll tarp.

1955 GMC 350 truck, single axle, 4 speed Hi/ Lo, 13.5’ steel floor box, hoist, grain sides.

1990 HAWKEYE grain trailer, 42’, sells with new tarp.

2000 TITAN stock trailer, 20’.

SHOP BUILT flatbed trailer, 22’, 5th wheel, tandem axle, dual electric brake.

Water tanker, 3300 gal, double layer insulated, outside layer damaged, inside layer good, cap doesn’t latch.

2-header trailers, fits 30’.

2006 GMC pickup, 6.6 Duramax, automatic, hydra bale bed, 3rd spool hydraulic, remote control.

1987 FORD F350 pickup, 460 gas, automatic, 2WD, 11’ flat bed, 5th wheel ball, duals.

1966 CHEVROLET pickup, 1/2T, gas, manual, 8’ box.

2009 FORD EXPEDITION EL SUV, Eddie Bauer Edition, Triton 54L3V, automatic, 3 row leather seats, power seat/windows, back/driver’s side door doesn’t work.

2000 BUICK LASABRE car, 3800 Series II V6, automatic, cloth bench seat, 4 door.

1991 DODGE van, 440, automatic, 18 passenger.

1970 FORD RANCHERO pickup, doesn’t run.

SPRAYING

GRAIN HANDLING

MERIDIAN WHEATLAND hopper bottom bin, base, needs a bottom door/weld, sold where sitting.

REM 2700 grain vac.

WESTFIELD MK100-71 auger, 10x71, low-pro swing out, electric mover, remote.

FARM KING 1370 auger, 13x70, 540 PTO, hydraulic mover, parts auger (lower tube broken).

Auger, 6x30, fertilizer, 5Hp 220.

Auger, 8x34, 5Hp 220 motor.

RAVEN AUGMENTA field analyzer, plug and play system, up to 138’, (came off of 100’ Apache sprayer), camera vision based technology for real time variable rate application.

BRANDT SB4000 sprayer, pull-type, 80’, 1600 gal, wind cones.

TRU-KLEEN 3pt sprayer, 18’ tri-fold boom, wand, 50 gal, 3/4” connectors, Honda GT120.

LIVESTOCK

NEW HOLLAND 425 HAYLINER baler, small bales, 540 PTO, bale counter, new plunger bearing, new teeth, adjustable angle hitch.

NEW HOLLAND 1033 STACKLINER small bale stacker, pull type, 540 PTO. Montana brand, Tri-H (H inside of upright triangle) RR cattle, RT horse, transfer included.

RANCH HAND bumper/grill guard.

Pickup stock rack.

Fritz auction

Jim, Dena, Jake and Jimi 406-432-2845 fritzauction@yahoo.com

fritzbull.com equipmentfacts.com

TRACTORS/CONSTRUCTION

VERSATILE 900 tractor, Adamjet system (to run air seeder), single tires.

VERSATILE 875 tractor, rebuilt motor, 4 range/3 speed, 4 remotes plus custom hydraulic for air drill, case drain.

CASE 1030 COMFORT KING tractor, 3 speed, Hi/Lo, 2 remotes, 540 PTO, 2WD, screw driver start, fuel tank leaks.

1955 FORD MAJOR tractor, 4 cylinder diesel, 3:2, 2 remotes, 3 pt, 540 PTO. FORD tractor, rebuilt engine, 1 remote, PTO, 3pt, loader.

1954 JOHN DEERE 60 tractor, 35Hp, 6 speed, 540 PTO. 1952 MINNEAPOLIS MOLINE G tractor, 52Hp, 5 speed, 540 PTO, drawbar, wheel weights, new tires.

CAT D8 dozer, 12’ blade, cable system CAT ripper, 6’, 3 tooth, cable system.

CAT NO70 can, 8.5’ cutting width, 3W5159.

EVERSMAN 2SD scraper, 2 yard, heaps to 2.5, brand new tire tubes, one new rim.

Mining tractor, 3 cylinder diesel.

SEEDING & LAND PREP

CASE air drill, 40’, 12” spacings, single chute, edge-on boots with new carbide tips, rubber packers, CASE 2300 tow-behind cart, 130/100 split tank, standard meter roller.

CONCORD 4812 air drill, 48’, 12” spacing, single chute, rubber walking beam packers, 4 gangs, shank, 3 1/4 VW carbide tips, 3000 cart, 180/120 split, tow behind, ground driven standard meter roller.

1997 BOURGAULT 3310 air drill, 64’, 10” spacing, single chute, midrow banders, rubber over heavy steel packers, 2003 5350 cart, 200/150 split, tow-behind cart.

JOHN DEERE 7100 corn planter, 12 row, 30’ spacing, 3pt hitch.

MCKAY shovels.

72- DUTCH INDUSTRIES 1515 stealth openers, 4”.

Drill fill auger.

DELGELMAN SWATHMASTER 7000 harrow, 70’, 3255 fert box.

GEYSLER plow, 48’ with 8’ of extension, rear hydraulics, wing-up.

GEYSLER plow, 48’, wing-up.

RECREATIONAL

2015 POLARIS SPORTSMAN 850 4 wheeler.

1960 PERFORMER CALIFORNIA HAVOC boat, 14’, fiberglass, trailer, 1977 Johnson outboard, 55Hp, whaletail, misc accessories.

1994 POLARIS 750 jet ski, needs work, Shorelandr single trailer.

2012 PALOMINO P2100LTD pop-up camper, pull type, travels at 13’ 10”, pops out to 20’ 2”, sleeps 6, sink, propane stove, dinette, stored inside.

1984 YAMAHA SS 440 snowmobile.

SUNBEAM bbq, propane.

2-22 pistols.

MISCELLANEOUS

2004 ALLOWAY flail mower, 24', big 1000 PTO, hydraulic wheel lift, middle hydraulic spinner to prevent skip.

WOODS GT60 3pt rototiller, 5', PTO driven.

Lots of Snap-On, Craftsman & misc tools.

30SL32 diamond tread tire (grain cart).

3pt cement mixer.

2- 650/75R34 tires/rims (Bourgault 6550 air cart).

Fire extinguishers.

Air compressor, 5Hp new 220 motor, skids.

KOHLER air compressor, 6 1/4Hp, portable.

SMITH air compressor, 6 cylinder gas, 175 cfm, trailer.

CRAFTSMAN air wrench.

HAY BUDDEN anvil, stand.

NAPA battery charger/starter, 12/6V. CRAFTSMAN bench grinder, dual wheel, 1/2Hp, stand.

WILMAR 3 cherry picker, adjustable lift.

Cherry picker, DAYTON 3/4Hp. DEWALT chop saw, 14", 110, portable stand.

CHYAU SEN clamping kit.

VOLTEC cord reel, 50', retractable.

Culvert, 30"x25'.

BUFFALO drill press.

KING DM-30 drilling and milling machine, 1 1/4" drilling capacity, 3" milling, 8 3/8"x28 3/4" table.

DRY ROD electrode stabilizing oven, rod.

Engine stand EUTECTIC & CASTOLIN 821 fume eliminator.

Shop vacs.

JET floor jack, 22T, air hydraulic.

Gas cans.

NORTH AMERICAN TOOLS horizonal band saw, AJAX 1Hp motor.

NORTHERN INDUSTRIAL metal bender, 36".

E-ZEE oil caddy, 1/2Hp DOERR pump, portable cart.

Parts bins.

GATES SOLVO-SINK parts cleaner, 110.

Poly water tank, 1500 gal, 2" banjos.

Poly water tank, 1500 gal, 2" plumbing.

Portable shop tables.

WMC HANDY 680 powerwasher.

BERCO press, 100T. Roller stands, adjustable.

CENTRAL PNEUMATIC sand blaster.

CENTRAL MACHINERY sander, 6" belt, 9" disc.

T5 halogen bulbs.

CRAFTSMAN table saw, 110.

Tap and die sets, SAE and metric.

COATS 310 tire changer.

Tool boxes.

Topside creeper.

SCOTCHMAN GLIDE IN vertical band saw, 110.

Vise, table.

LINCOLN welder.

Welding rod.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A10

The deadline for advertising in the June 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be May 28th. Phone (406) 271-5533.

CLAY CREEK ANGUS 245 Yearling and 2-Year-Old Registered Black Angus Range Bulls for Sale Private Treaty.

Good Selection for Heifers and Cows.

Jim & Lori French

3334 Rd. 14 • Greybull, Wyoming 82426 • 307-762-3541 www.claycreek.net • bulls@claycreek.net

HEAD NORTH AFTER GETTING OFF THE EXIT, FOLLOW THE SIGNS TO THE AUCTION SITE! The family has decided to liquidate the equipment of the Weston Brothers Ranch! A nice line up of older equipment. There is still a large variety of antiques and collectibles still to be discovered. Auction will start with tools and antiques, then move on to larger items at about 11:30am. LIVE AUCTION ONLY—we sure hope to see you on auction day!

TR ACTORS & EQUIPMENT  Oliver 1865, new rear tires  JD 4020 w/JD 158 loader  JD 4055 tractor  JD 3010 tractor  JD Model B & Model A  JD 430 tractor  JD 916 Moco discbine  NH 1100 swather  JD 535 round baler  JD 337 small square baler  JD 24T small square baler  NH 1036 bale wagon  M&W 1500 round baler  JD 702 V-rake on wheels  Haybuster 256 Plus II  JD 12’ tandem disc  JD 4-bottom, 2-bottom,1-bottom plows  Land roller, 3’6” x 12’  Land leveler  AgBag bale bagger  Kelley B600 3pt. Backhoe  IH 80 3pt. snowblower 7’4” wide  Rock-o-matic rock picker  JD pallet forks  JD bale spear  JD pasture harrow

VEHICLES & TR AILERS  Ford F-600 2-ton Truck, flatbed  GMC Dump truck, does not run  Chevy 2500 pickup  Chevy flatbed pickup  GN Flatbed trailer  ‘02 Titan stock trailer  2-wheel trailer  Canoe

MISC. ITEMS

 500 gallon fuel tank  450 gallon fuel tank  250 gallon fuel tank  200 gallon fuel tank, oval  (2) old wooden sheds, hand

hued dove tail  Small variety misc. tools and shop items!

R ANCH EQUIPMENT

 Teco calf table  PR squeeze chute  HiQual Rd bale feeder  (10) 16’ HiQual panels  Farmhand 8-pack balehead  Shaver #8 PP front mount  24’ Hay elevator  McGregor 300gal fire tank w/pump and reel  JD Water pump, mobile  JD115 6’ back blade, hydraulic  (2) 40’ Storage containers  Hay wagon  Berkley water pump, mobile  (2) 1/4m wheel lines 4” w/5’ wheels  3” & 4” irrigation pipe, center&end  Old irrigation pipe trailer  Plastic 200gal water tank  8’ Railroad ties

Casey & Amanda Weaver PO Box 307 Drummond, MT 59832 (406) 544-8696/540-2919

ANTIQUES/COLLECTIBLES  100# Anvil  AC combine, Thrashing machine  Clawfoot tubs - several, exc. condition  Wood cookstove  Potato digger & planter  Horse drawn rake  Manure spreaders  Seed drill  JD sickle mower, JD chisel plow  Buzz saw  Dump rake  Variety tractor seats  Wooden wheels and hubs  Variety hand forging tools  Lg. variety harness & collars

Still accepting Consignments Email: weaverauctions24@gmail.com

WWW.WEAVERAUCTIONS24.COM

TERMS OF SALE: CASH, CHECKS, CREDIT CARD (CC 3.5% FEE) ACCEPTED. NO BUYER’S PREMIUMS OR FEES!!!

PHOTO ID REQUIRED FOR BIDDER REGISTRATION. ALL ITEMS ARE SOLD AS IS/WHERE IS, NO WARRANTY OR GUARANTEE IMPLIED OR EXPRESSED BY CONSIGNOR OR AUCTIONEER. BUYER IS SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR INSPECTION OF ITEMS. NO ITEMS WILL BE REMOVED UNTIL PAID FOR IN FULL. SALE DAY ANNOUNCEMENTS TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER PRINT. ITEMS TO BE REMOVED FROM SITE WITHIN 5 DAYS UNLESS OTHERWISE ARRANGED. NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ACCIDENTS.

Public meetings on wild and domestic sheep interactions

From the MSU News Service A series of free, public meetings will be held in Montana communities in April and May to discuss the Wild and Domestic Sheep Comingling Project. The initiative studies the risks of contact between bighorn sheep and domestic sheep and goats and explores tools to maintain effective separation between species to mitigate or prevent disease-related issues.

The meetings will be hosted by Montana State University Extension in collaboration with biologists from Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks.

“Our meetings embrace a participatory, transparent research model, inviting all stakeholders to co-produce solutions,” said Jared Beaver, MSU Extension wildlife specialist.

Beaver said project managers are seeking to build broad support and participation in the initiative across Montana’s sheep community. They are recruiting producers to participate.

“Wild and domestic sheep interactions and respiratory disease affect lamb growers, wool producers, hunters and wildlife enthusiasts alike,” Beaver said. “True co-production and community engagement are essential to meet the needs of our study.”

Managing wild and domestic sheep interactions creates unique biological, social and cultural challenges, he added.

Project managers look to capture the full story by partnering with communities.

“Our project will generate innovative management strategies that benefit producers, wildlife managers and sheep, both domestic and wild,” said Beaver.

All meetings are free and open to the public, and registration is not required. Additional support for these meetings is provided by the Montana Wool Growers Association and the Montana Wild Sheep Foundation. The remaining meeting schedule is below.

May 15, Thompson Falls: 5:30-6:30 p.m., Elks Lodge, 2519 Industrial Way. May 20, Dillon: Noon-1 p.m., Beaverhead County Fairgrounds 4-H Building, 715 S. Railroad Ave. May 20, Twin Bridges: 5:30-6:30 p.m., Madison County Fairgrounds Jeffers Building, 2 Fairgrounds Loop Road.

May 29, Emigrant: 5:30-6:30 p.m., Emigrant Community Hall, 3 Story Road.

Wheat grazing vs grain value

By Todd Whitney, UNL Wheat can be grown for dual purpose (forage and grain) production in plains states. Grain production can be preserved if the grazing animals are removed from fields just prior to the jointing growth stage. This will prevent immature wheat heads being consumed by the grazing animals as the heads move up the stems during growth development.

Due to warmer soil temperatures, wheat development is at least two weeks earlier than average; so now is the time for livestock producers to cease grazing wheat & other cereal grain fields or remove cattle from fields if maximizing grain production is now the goal. However, lower grain prices and stronger hay forage values may have livestock producers placing higher value on wheat as a forage; so wheat and/or rye graze-out options may provide 45 or more days of alternative grazing while pastures resume growth under dry conditions.

When producers use wheat as a graze-out forage, summer annuals like grain sorghum, millet, or forage sorghums can be replanted on those same fields. Whether the cereal plant forages are grazed-out; hayed or harvested as wheatlage; the goal is to timely planting of subsequent summer annuals between mid-May to mid-June for optimizing yields.

Sorghum target planting dates may extend to later June or possible early July depending on moisture conditions.

Later grain sorghum planting dates, though, such as after wheat grain harvest usually result in yields half as productive compared to earlier sorghum planting.

In western Nebraska, average stocker cattle gains on wheat during May and early June have ranged from 1.5 to 2.5 pounds per head per day. ##### William Chatner, Hollywood’s biggest ham, doesn’t eat meat

Cover crops provide an often-overlooked reduction in soil carbon erosion, study finds

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A11

TRUCK FOR SALE

1990 International 4900, 466 engine, 6-speed transmission, 10:00x22.5 tires very good, 6000 lbs. auto crane, IR compressor, 250 amp Lincoln, with Perkins engine, set Oxy and Act bottles.

sion reduction as a benefit separate from Planting ground cover in fields between changes in soil carbon levels driven by plant cash crop growing seasons is an effective carbon input, Huang said. way to prevent farmland from losing soil “It’s two independent processes, so we recarbon from erosion, a factor that’s underally should account for them both,” she said. estimated in considering the carbon sequesResearchers also analyzed the studies to $14,000 tration potential of cover crops, according determine which factors were the biggest into a new study by an Iowa State University Phone (406) 544-5209 for more information. fluence on soil carbon erosion and soil carecologist.

Please leave a message. bon changes. Topography – steeper slopes, Quick look especially – correlated strongest with cover The carbon loss prevented by reducing crops’ ability to reduce soil carbon erosion. erosion is an underestimated factor in conApplying that data to a machine-learning sidering the carbon sequestration potential generated map of global farmland, Huang’s of cover crops, according to a new study by team built a model that estimated that plantan Iowa State University ecologist. ing cover crops would reduce soil carbon Soil scientists have repeatedly shown erosion by an average of 25% worldwide. that cover crops reduce erosion, but an The estimate for the central U.S., including analysis by a team led by Wenjuan Huang, Iowa, was a 20% reduction. an assistant professor of ecology, evolution That’s a significant effect that would be and organismal biology, is the first study to even more pronounced on hilly farms and synthesize data on carbon loss from eroon the edges of fields, Huang said. Cover sion in individual cover crop field trials. crops also have numerous other benefits, The research, recently published in Global including improving water quality and the Change Biology, showed that across more overall health and resiliency of soil, Huang than 150 experiments they studied, cover said. crops reduced the average annual loss of Cessna 172 or 182 “It’s a valuable conservation practice here soil carbon through erosion by 68%.

Please Call Tyler (406) 781-9712, Great Falls, MT in Iowa,” she said.

Understanding the impact that planting cover crops has on soil carbon erosion is important because one of cover crops’ expected benefits is a boost in soil carbon levels, which could help mitigate climate change by acting as a carbon and Select Guest Consignors sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. But most research has studied the effects of the carbon added to soil via Win 1886, .40-65 Whitney Burgess, .45-70 Winr 1886, .45-90 the roots and biomass of the overwintering plants, Huang said. ri ay p M “We think a lot about Yogo Inn - 211 E Main - Lewistown, MT • Preview: 1 p.M. sale day how cover crops affect soil Gill Hibben Travis Palmer carbon levels. But we’ve often focused only on carbon inputs and have ignored Win 1894 SRC, .30 WCF Win Model 03, .22 Auto Win 1892, .38-40 Rem Model 12, .22 SLR outputs,” she said.

Adding more organic matter to soil isn’t a straightforward solution for inWin 1894, .32 WS Win 1894 SRC, .32-40 Win 1892, .38 WCF Win 1892 SRC, .25-20 creasing its carbon stock, in part because increased carbon inputs can stimulate Win 1894, .38-55 Henry Golden Boy, .22 Mag Win 1894, .25-35 WCF Win1890, .22 LR microbial activity that genRemington Model 700, .22-250, s# 46391634, 3x32 scope erates more carbon dioxide RIFLES Umbrex Torq, .177, s# 00661668, Umarex 4x32 scope, synthetic stock Winchester 1873 rnd bbl rifle, .44-40 - s# 12912 emissions. Another recent Remington Model 700, .270, Redfield 2x-7x scope Winchester 1886 rnd bbl rifle (sells in two calibers) Marlin Model 990 Ducks Unlimited, .22LR, s# 11304920 .33 WCF - s# 134655A .45-70 - s# 130207 .45-70, - s# 57742, restored, peep sight study co-authored by Huang CZ, .22, s# 452-2E ZKM, Bushnell scope Winchester 1886 oct bbl rifle (sells in two calibers) .40-65 - s# 11292, peep sight .45-90 - s# 86528 found longer, more diverse SHOTGUNS Winchester 1890 pump rifle, .22 LR Kassnar, 410 ga, O/U , s# 281919 Winchester 1890 oct bbl pump rifle, .22 LR, s# 819179 rotations of crops fertilized Browning, 12 ga, s# 64872 Winchester 1892 SRC (sells in three calibers) Winchester Model 1912, 12 ga, single shot pump, s# 202858 with livestock manure didn’t .44-40 WCF - s# 258918 .25-20 - s# 406086 .44 WCF - s# 248433, some restoration Remington Model 31, 16 ga, single shot pump, s# 518872 Winchester 1892 oct bbl rifle (sells in five calibers) Ithaca Model 100, 20 ga, double barrel side by side, s# G108743 affect soil carbon levels. .38 WCF - s# 429065 .32-20 - s# 640351 .25-20 - s# 958457 .38-40 - s# 370303 Remington Versa Mas, 12 ga, semi auto single shot, synthetic stock, s# RT92677A .32-20 - s# 311712 .25-20 - s# 288573 .44 WCF - s# 692652, restored Ithaca Model 37 Featherlite, 12 ga, single shot, s# 897219 “We think a lot about Winchester 1892 rnd bbl rifle (sells in four calibers) Remington 970 Express, 12 ga, single shot, s# W789099M .44-40 - s# 258918 .38 WCF - s# 260905 .32-20 - s# 370047 .25-20 - s# 867933 how cover crops affect soil Browning Model 12, 20 ga, single shot, s# 02708 PN832 Winchester 1894 SRC (sells in five calibers) Sturm Ruger Co, 20 ga, s# 420-07762 .38-55 - s# 190446 .32-40 - s# 549311 .32 WS - s# 572291 carbon levels. But we’ve Browning, 12 ga, single shot pump, s# 07820 NR512, new in box .30 WCF, s# 895697 .25-35 WCF, s# 657481 Stevens Savage Arms 555/550, 20 ga, s# 17J10362 often focused only on carWinchester 1894 rnd bbl rifle (sells in five calibers) PISTOLS .38-55 - s# 343637 .32-40 - s# 343637 .32 WS - s# 888366 bon inputs and have ignored Colt Police Positive pistol (sells in four calibers) .30 WCF - s# 179980 .25-35 WCF - s# 447861 .22 cal - s#3180 .32-20 cal - s# 40293 .38 - s#138400W .32 - s#125888 Winchester 1894 oct bbl rifle (sells in five calibers) outputs.”

Ruger 22/ 45 Lite, .22, s#390-28025, sells with soft side case .38-55 - s# 124425 .32-40 - s# 199338 .32 WS - s# 388055 Ruger P85, 9mm, s# 301-18286, holster, .25-35 WCF - s# 380233 .30 WCF - s# 62061, sells w/Cody letter But cover crops tend to Smith & Wesson Model 28-2, .357 Mag, s# N113784, holster Winchester Model 63 .22 LR s# ST1574, new in box, made in Japan .22 LR - s#172724 produce a modest though AMMUNITION Winchester Model 03, .22 Auto - s# 25763 1000+/- rounds of vintage and modern ammo Whitney Burgess oct bbl rifle, .45-70, s# 573, fully restored highly variable increase in Henry Big Boy oct bbl rifle (sells in two calibers) KNIVES soil carbon, prior research .45LC - s# BB0016619 .44 Mag - s# BB18301, new in box (16) Gill Hibben Custom Knives, many limited editions Henry Golden Boy rifle (sells in three calibers) (16) Travis Palmer Custom Knives, each one one of a kind, hand etched and has shown. In the studies .22 Mag - s# GB006860M .22 LR - s# GB028600 .17 HMR - s# GB022381V embellished with silver and turquoise Henry Mare’s Leg rifle, .38 WCF/.357, s# BBML00168M Jim Ponter Legends of the Old West Knife Series analyzed in the new paper, Remington Model 12 pump rifle, .22 SLR, s# 711728 Addt’l Blades by Dave Kaufmann, Smith & Wesson, Old Timer, Schrade, Mel Fasson, Charles Daly rifle & pistol set, .45LC, rifle is 1892 Take down, NEW, s# NRA00002 Ray Beers, Kissing Crane, Case, Western carbon was up 14% on averRemington 541TH, .22, s# A1104078 WESTERN ART Tikka T3, .223 Rem, synthetic stock, s# H36687, 6 x 42 Leopold scope age in the top six inches of 8+/- Framed Prints by Larry Zabel, Nancy Glazier & Bev Remington Model 700, .300 Win. Mag, syn. stock, s# 6498439, Leopold VX-31 6.5-20 x 50 mm - TERMS soil. The analysis showed no Remington Model 700, .22-250, syn. stock, s# 66431567, Leopold 4 x 12 VXR scope Doolittle.

Cash, Check or Credit Palmetto Arans PA-15 Multi, .300 Blackout semi-auto, s# SCD555731, Holosun scope Card Day of Auction.

ANTIQUES & COLLECTIBLES relationship, however, beRuger Model 10/22 Carbine, .22LR, s# 231-37666 15% Buyer’s Premium.

Weatherby Mark V, .33 Mag, s# F5572, Redfield 3x 9x scope tween how much soil carbon Complete list and photos available at www.ShobeAuction.com Winchetser Model 9422M, .22 Win Mag, s# F49370, Universal 4x32 scope erosion was reduced and the changes in soil carbon.

Live Auction with Internet That’s why carbon market Bidding Available incentives that pay farmers for planting cover crops should consider carbon ero-

WANTED TO BUY

Tom & Rhonda Craver Vintage Winchester Rifle, Western Art & Collector Knives Auction

F ,M

30, 2025 • 5:30 . .

Shobe Auction, Inc.

www.shobeauction.com • 406-366-5125

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A12

The deadline for advertising in the June 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be May 28th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

Eugene Warehime Estate

Saturday, May 31, 2025 • 10 am 32 Cora Creek Rd, Belt, Montana

REAL ESTATE

1344 square foot ranch style home, 3 bedroom, 2 bath, full basement with 2 car attached garage. Oversized 2 car detached garage. Large barn, corrals, pond. Cora Creek runs through the 10 acre property. Real Estate sells with GUNS, owner’s approval of final bid.

Call to inspect.

AMMO, TOOLS, TRAILERS, 4 WHEELER, RIDING MOWER AND COLLECTIBLES. FOR INFO CALL BUROW’S AT (406) 799-9926 OR CLICK BUROWSAUCTION.COM

WE KNOW MONTANA. • 3rd Generation in the business

• Full service real estate team

• 5th Generation Montanans

• Serving you for over 30 years

• Locally owned and operated

• Agents available across the state

In the last couple of years, more than half of the real estate transactions in Montana are happening off market.

When you are considering buying or selling your Montana property & would like to have a confidential conversation, give us a call!

Logan Todd 406.930.3673 logan@stre.us

Mary Ann Duffey 406.930.6607 maryann@stre.us

John Andras 406.670.5074 john@stre.us

© Sonny Todd Real Estate | www.sonnytoddrealestate.com | info@sonnytoddrealestate.com 301 W. 1st Ave., Suite C, PO Box 828, Big Timber, MT 59011 | 406.932.1031

Managing cattle finishing at heavier weights

By Alfredo DiCostanzo, Nebraska Extension Educator It is not a surprise to anyone that carcass weights are increasing. Fewer feeder cattle from the U.S. supply and the U.S.-Mexican border closed to feeder cattle imported from Mexico since November of 2024 because of screwworm detection in the southern Mexican state of Chiapas are contributing to a shortage of feeders. Incidentally, the border reopened recently, under a heavily controlled importation process (Importing Live Cattle and Bison from Mexico to the United States | Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service).

Other factors such as the economic incentive to add pounds to the existing feedyard inventory are contributing to heavier finishing weights. Yet, finishing cattle to heavier weights is not without financial risk: heavier cattle may get sick, resulting in condemnation or a realizer animal, or die.

This risk is difficult to assess because it is heavily dependent on each feedlot’s individual situation.

Owners and managers of feedlots should conduct their own assessment of late-term death risk for cattle they might consider feeding longer. Some ideas are presented at the end of this article.

Likely because of economic conditions and continuously fewer cows in the US cattle inventory, feeding cattle to heavier endpoints is a long-term trend. A review of data maintained by Kansas State University (Focus on Feedlots) since 1993 revealed that cattle finished in 2023, although weighing the same at feedlot entry (750 lb), finished heavier because of 40 days longer on feed. At a modest rate of gain of 2.5 lb daily, an extra 100 lb of weight is added on 40 days on feed.

Taking into consideration what we know about carcass weight gain relative to live weight gain in the final days on feed leads to an interesting consideration. As cattle mature, they are known to deposit more weight of carcass than non-carcass components. It is not uncommon to observe a 75-dressing percentage on the last 100 to 200 lb of live gain. But, if a heavy steer deposits 75% of the gain in the carcass component, then it deposits only 25% of the gain in the non-carcass component (head, legs, hide, and organs).

This situation leads to increasingly smaller vital organ mass (relatively speaking) to deal with increasingly larger nutrient supply. Cattle that consume 26 to 30 lb of dry matter during this period are presented with 12% more energy to partition into maintenance and gain. This extra energy load results in greater metabolic loads on all organs.

In other words, the metabolic load on a steer gaining weight from 1,500 to 1,600 lb is 12% greater than that on a steer gaining weight from 1,400 to 1,500 lb. Relatively speaking, the heavier steer must accomplish this with heart, lung, liver and digestive tract of the same size as the lighter steer.

This is why risk of late-term death increases with weight in feedlot cattle.

Contributing factors to digestive, respiratory, cardiac and structural (leg and feet) conditions are exaggerated by this relative insufficiency in metabolic capacity. Acid loads in the small intestine, resulting from intake fluctuations, for example, may lead to greater bacterial and toxin loads reaching the blood stream.

Greater ash content in fermented whole plant silages should be monitored as they may indicate greater soil contamination of these feed sources. Certain clostridial strains are harbored in soil. Concentrations of ash in fermented feeds greater than 5% would be a source of concern.

As the beef industry works towards meeting beef demand by feeding cattle for longer days on feed, an individual or pen score that takes into consideration cattle thriftiness and background may be warranted.

Manage cattle so that respiratory disease is prevented at the appropriate time Identify cattle that have recovered from respiratory or digestive disease (including an identified bout with acidosis) while in the grow or finish yard At 40 to 60 days prior to harvest of the lot, visual inspection of the lot accompanied by review of individual data should be used to market cattle deemed “in need of marketing” for various reasons (previous issues with respiratory, digestive or foot and leg problems) If using a Beta-agonist, “cattle in need of marketing” should be marketed prior to the remaining cattle in the pen or lot begin receiving a metabolically enhancing agonist or agonist/antagonist Consideration should be given to feeding feed additives that show promise to reduce morbidity and mortality during the late-term finishing period.

Planting for the Regal Fritillary

By Laurie Zitterkopf, Nebraska Extension Master Gardener The Regal Fritillary is ranked as a Tier 1 at-risk butterfly in Nebraska. Tier 1 species are those that are globally or nationally most at-risk of extinction and which occur in Nebraska.

Regal Fritillaries are found statewide. Their larval host plants are native violets. The butterflies emerge in mid-June, with the females surviving into early September. They overwinter as a newly hatched larva. Regal Fritillaries have been found at the Wildcat Hills. Look for them starting in mid-June.

The western Regal Fritillary is found in 14 states in the native grasslands of the central and northern Great Plains (Nebraska). The species needs violets to support larval growth, nectar sources that sustain breeding females into the fall, and native grasslands with tall vegetation that provide shelter for all life stages. The primary threats are habitat loss, grassland conversion resulting from agricultural and urban development, pesticide use, and invasive plants. Livestock grazing is essential to maintain prairie health for these butterflies.

Regal Fritillary Butterfly is rapidly vanishing or declining in much of its range.

A species of concern for the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The loss of native habitat, especially those that contain violets, is the primary cause for the decline. Loss of habitat with high-quality nectar sources for adults, such as native prairie, is a concern. Connectivity between useable habitats is important. Good sources of nectar for the adult butterflies are milkweeds, thistles, and mountain mint.

Management Recommendations for the Regal Fritillary and other pollinators: Develop a pollinator habitat. Where you live.

Protect and manage highquality native prairie.

Develop connectivity between quality habitats. Plant natives where you live.

Planting native nectar plants to improve habitat.

Dotted liatris, rose milkweed, native thistles, and mountain mint are just a few.

Avoid broadcast spraying of pesticides and herbicides at known sites to minimize the loss of adults and nectar sources.

The Eastern Tiger Swallowtail butterfly is found throughout Nebraska. The larval host plants are Green ash and Chokecherry trees.

They overwinter in the pupa stage, many at the base of “their tree” and pupate just beneath the surface of debris. Plant trees in an island to leave the leaves for the pupa of your favorite butterflies. Our native Western Sandcherry is the host plant to 170 species of butterflies and moths in our area. Is it host to your favorite?

##### Pennies haven’t been made of pure copper since 1864. During World War II, the U.S. Mint helped the war effort by recycling: It melted shell casings to make pennies. To conserve further, it considered creating plastic pennies but settled on zinccovered steel. After the war, the Mint returned to a zincand-copper combination.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A13

Building truck tarps for grain trailers Call or check out our website for more info:

www.mountainviewcanvas.com

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A14

D L Larson Estate

Sat. June 7, 2025, 11 am

Location: From Brockway, Montana. Take Highway 253 S. 10.6 miles, turn on Hughes Road, go 5.7 miles, turn right on Bob Fudge Road for 3 miles.

Owner: Kay Fleischer For more info: Rick 406-939-1632 Lunch will be available.

AUCTIONEER’S NOTE FUEL TANKS,

D L passed away unexpectedly last year. He took very good care of his equipment. The combine, semis, and trailers are “ready to go to work”. This will not be an all-day auction so plan to come early. For more information contact Rick 406-939-1632 Hope to see you on June 7th! Rick

AUGERS & SHOP

1000-gallon Fuel Tank (no stand) (2) 500-gallon Fuel Tanks (no stands) Sakundiak HD7 1400 PTO Auger Brandt 1060 Swing-a-way Auger (2) Westfield Hydraulic Drill Fill Augers Grain Hopper Servis 3 pt. Post Hole Digger Steel Posts COMBINE, HEADER & Many Fence Stretcher FARM MACHINERY Ammco Tire Changer JD S670 Combine, 3488 engine Manuel Bead Braker hours, 2656 separator hours 295-amp Welder, 220 volt JD 936D Header w/Pickup Reel Magna Force Air Compressor JD 8450 4WD Tractor,18.4x38 tires, Ingersoll Rand Air Pro Air Compressor 5675 hours Continental 12-speed Drill Press, Ford 5610 diesel Tractor, 3 pt., PTO, bench model 786 total hours w/Ford 7210 Front- Drill Press, bench model end Loader & Bucket 20-ton Hydraulic Press Krause 32’ Tandem Disc Portable Air Tank (2) 12’ Intl. Hoe Drills, model 7100, Electric Grinder w/stand 10” spacing w/transport Electric Bench Grinder 5-Bottom Plow 200-amp Battery Charger JD Dump Rake Electric Router 3.6’ Cultivator (2) Electric Impact Drills 3 pt. JD Bush Hog, model 506 Craftsman Planer JD 41’ Toolbar Hydraulic Floor Jacks Hi-lift Jack SEMIS, TRUCKS, Cut-off Saw (2) Table Saws PICKUPS, CARS, & Miter Saw TRAILERS ATV Ramps 2015 Peterbilt Semi, model 579, Aluminum & Fiberglass Step Ladders PACAR motor, 400 hp, 13-speed Misc. Chains & Tow Ropes transmission Tap & Die Set 2000 Kenworth Semi, Cummins 400 Slide Hammer hp, 13-spped transmission (2) Shop Wood Tables on rollers 1989 Chevy C70 Truck w/Midland 18’ JD 20-gallon Sprayer w/wheels box & hoist, roll-tarp, 24,950 miles Wrenches, Socket Sets 1967 Chevy C50 truck w/box & hoist Punches, Screwdrivers 2012 Toyota Tundra 4-dr Pickup, 4x4, Vulcan Anvil, approx. 75#’s 129,000 miles Jeri Mower w/3.5 B&S engine 1988 Fordf F150 Supercab Pickup, MTD 26” Mower, 5 hp 4x4 Old B&S Engines 2021 Subaru Outback SUV, 53,000 Thrashing Machine miles Double Philco Washing Machine 2014 Ford Escape, 32,000 miles Bolts, Nuts, Many Glass Insulators Cancade 36’ Hopper Bottom Trailer Diesel Engine & Transmission on DCT 16’ Car Trailer Crate (don’t know anything about it) 2021 Thunder Creek 1000-gallon Fuel Trailer w/reel & hose Check our website 2010 Thunder Creek 1000-gallon r-kauction.com Fuel Trailer w/reel & hose for more information.

Old Header Trailer

Tips for managing cow-calf pairs through a drought

By Karla Wilke, Nebraska Extension Cow/Calf Systems and Stocker Management Specialist Despite many in the Great Plains region receiving a few inches of snow this past month, the past several months of drought and a forecasted dry summer are likely to reduce grass production in many areas. Making a drought management plan before summer will help producers be proactive in decision making as opposed to reactive as drought forces management changes.

Making Culling Decisions Early The cull cow market has started its seasonal trend upward and is showing promise of being favorable to the cow-calf producer again this year. Therefore, producers facing loss of grass due to drought may want to designate older cows, cows with bad quarters on their udders, those who produce a lower than average calf, or have disposition issues for an early weaning program to reduce grazing pressure and take advantage of the seasonal peak in the cull cow market. Highrisk cows such as 2 and 3 year old cows with young calves might be culling options as they could be sold as pairs prior to breeding to producers with more stable feed resources.

Stretching the Grass with Supplemental Feed Those fortunate enough to have equipment for mixing and feeding total mixed rations (TMR) may want to consider feeding a TMR in a pasture area to stretch the grass available. Research conducted at the University of Nebraska showed that mixing wet distillers grains and poor quality roughage such as ground crop residue could replace 0.22 to almost 1 pound of dry matter intake of pasture grass.

While this does not prevent overgrazing of a pasture, it can buy producers a little time allowing delayed turn out and recovery for other drought stricken pastures. However, just supplying 1-2 pounds of a protein supplement on pasture will not reduce forage intake; in fact, it will increase it by increasing digestion.

Feeding Pairs in Confinement Housing cow-calf pairs in a drylot, on a pivot corner, fallow ground, or sacrifice pasture and feeding a TMR can also be a way to manage cattle through a drought. Although a TMR is often the easiest way to do this, producers can also be creative in how they feed in confinement. Those who do not have a means of grinding, mixing, and delivering a TMR or procuring wet distillers grains can also roll out hay, use a bale processor, and supplement a protein and energy source such as dried distillers or soybean meal and corn gluten feed or soyhulls in a bunk or on top of the forage fed out. There are three important things to remember when feeding pairs in confinement: Lactation requires almost double the protein and energy that late gestation does. Therefore, supplying protein, energy, and a mineral and vitamin supplement that meets the demands grazed grass will not must be included.

A 3 month old nursing calf will be consuming about 1.5% of his body weight on a dry matter basis of the feed provided.

The feed needs to be spread out to provide about 2 feet of feeding space for cows and 1 foot per calf, especially if dry matter intake is somewhat limited.

Early weaning Removing lactation from the cow can decrease her dry matter intake by roughly 20%. Removing the calf from the pasture also reduces the grazing pressure on the pasture. The calf can then be sold or can be grown in a drylot setting until a more traditional date for selling. However, producers will likely want to calculate the value of the calf at early weaning vs. the value of the calf sold at a later date minus the feed and labor associated with maintaining the calf for the extra time to see if it is financially beneficial.

Summary Making management decisions for drought mitigation are never easy. However, having a plan in place early in the grazing season is likely to result in a more positive outcome than taking a wait and see approach and being forced to be reactive. Culling some less productive cows, stretching pasture, feeding in confinement, and early weaning are all options to consider when developing a drought mitigation plan. The University of Nebraska has beef focused educators and specialists available to assist with ration balancing and decision making.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A15

John Pike ConstruCtion AuCtion SATURDAY, JUNE 7, 2025

40490 US Hwy 2 Chinook, MT (1/2 Mile East of town)

Registration starts at 9:00 AM. Live Auction starts at 10:00 AM. • Online starts at 11:00 AM. CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

weight kit, Joystick control, cab with left hand reverser, tilt side shift 21 heat AC, Compuload digital scale, Ft lift, 16.9-24 tires, Hr. unknown 3.5 cubic yard 9 Ft bucket, 23.5-25 • Ditch Witch 4010 trencher, Deutz 3 cylinder diesel engine, 36 inch tires, 9,304 Hr. vibratory plow, 7Ft chain trencher 5Ft dig depth, 4x4, 4 speed transmission, Mobile crowd controls, front wheel weights, HRC pipe carrier, 6 way Hyd front blade, Shows 923 Hr. 2009 Komatsu WA250-6 wheel • Terex-Amida AL light tower loader, electronic 4 speed with generator, 3-cylinder Kubota diesel left hand reverser, Ride Right & engine, electric winch for lifting tower. traction control, 2.5 Yard quick tach 1977 Case 850B Dozer, 4-cylinder bucket, 5,883 Hr. diesel engine, 3 speed power shift, 6 way Hyd blade, 20-inch grouser pads, heated cab full ROPS, 5 hole ripper, Shows 5,070 hrs.

• 1993 Cat D6H crawler, cab air heat, 10.5 Ft semi U dozer with Hyd tilt, 3 barrel ripper, 14,010 Hr.

PICKUPS

• 1997 Ford F-Super duty 4X4 dually Reg cab pickup, AC, Cummins diesel, drive pump, shows 195,109 miles Reg cab pickup, AC, Power stroke, Auto Trans, 8 Ft fiberglass service • 1997 Dodge Ram 2500 4X4 Reg cab Auto Trans, service body with cover, body, receiver hitch, shows 201,228 pickup, 5.9 L Cummins, Auto Trans, 126,720 miles, running boards, sells miles service body, L fuel tank, grill guard, with a Miller Bobcat 225 diesel welder • 1990 Dodge LE 250, heat ac, power 217,057 miles generator on board air compressor, locks windows, Reg cab, 5.9 Cummins, • 2001 GMC 2500 HD Reg cab, Ac Liftmoore 2,700 # Hyd electric crane Auto Trans, 4x4, sells with Hydra Bed cloth, aluminum grill guard, B&W turn • 1996 Dodge Ram 2500 Laramie SLT bale bed 8 Ft, cable controls engine over ball, 211,596 miles

TRAILERS

• 1995 Homebuilt vacuum trailer, 18 Ft tandem 3,500 # axles, ramp & side door, long, fixed dolly, 10 Ft hitch.

7 Ft sides • 1978 Wilson end dump pup trailer, 16 • 1995 TravAlong (Mt Heavy Weight) Ft hitch, 50 inch sides, tandem axle.

20 Ft 5th wheel stock trailer, tandem • 1982 Aztec 43 Ft step deck trailer, 11 7,000 # torsion axles, sliding center & Ft top deck, 32 Ft deck, tail roll, 92 rear gates, floor mats inches wide, • 2013 Texas Pride 14 Ft bumper pull • 1981 Fruehauf 28 Ft end dump trailer, dump trailer, tandem 7,000 # spring 2012 Smith Co. side dump trailer, 50 full frame, 54 inch sides, barn door & axles, ramps with rear jacks, bi fold & tailgate doors, 81 inches wide, 12 volt Ft long, 33 Ft bowl, rear push block, Reg tailgate, flip over covers.

3 axle, 3rd axle is spread & tag lift, • 1991 Beal belly dump trailer, 21 cubic pump & hoist • 1998 Dutchman 220 bumper pull electric tarp, pilot hubs, 11R24.5 steel yard spring ride, 40 Ft long • 1985 Eager Beaver pintle hitch trailer, camp trailer, Ac, sleeps 6, awning wheels,. Very nice trailer • 2009 Trail King RGN trailer, 55 ton, 25,000 GVWR, 16 Ft wood deck 96in • 1990 Greytak 16 Ft 5th wheel stock 53 Ft long, 102 inches wide with 12 wide, 5 Ft beaver tail, flip over ramps, trailer, center gate, sliding rear gate, floor mats inch flip outs, air ride, air dump valve, tandem dually. triple axle, 3rd axle air lift, 26 Ft well, 2 • EZ-Load-14 tilt bed bumper pull, • 1995 Circle D 5th wheel 24 Ft flatbed 7,500 # tandem axle single 16 Ft tilt trailer, 96 inch wide, 4 Ft flip up beaver line Hyd, electric start Honda. tail, 6,000 # tandem torsion axles, ramps • 1999 Midland TW 3000 side dump, 3 deck, 4 Ft stationary deck axle, poly fenders, push bar, 34 Ft bowl, • Trailer mounted 2 product material • 1990 Blair 24 Ft 5th wheel 102 wide blender, needs a conveyor belt trailer, tandem axle.

44 Ft long.

• 1978 Fruehauf 26 Ft end dump trailer, • 2013 Haulmark 14 Ft enclosed trailer, • 2013 East 48 Ft flatbed aluminum tandem axle spring ride, tail gate, flip tandem 3,500 # axles, ramp & side door spread axle trailer, air ride, 18 sliding • 2009 Haulmark 16 Ft enclosed trailer, winches, 4 tool boxes over top panels.

1991 Cat D6H series ll crawler, cab Gehl DL-10L 44 telehandler, JD air heat, almost new EL tracks & diesel engine, left hand reverser, undercarriage, 10.5 Ft semi U dozer open station with ROPS, new 10.00with Hyd tilt, 3 barrel ripper, 12,423 24 tires, 10,000 pound lift capacity, Hr. Hyd body tilt, crab steering, 44 Ft • Trailer mounted 4 inch Marlow water reach, 3,504 Hr. sells with a 64 inch pump, Ford 4-cylinder gas engine wide by 5 Ft long pallet forks, 8 Ft Cat 623B self-elevating scraper, cab • Cedar Rapids trailer mounted wash smooth bucket like new, & a 12 Ft air heat, newer 3406 PC engine, 8 plant, 3 product & 36 inch sand screen, jib extension speed power shift, Hr. unknown, 15 screens, 30 Hp 3 phase motor, 40 Ft 21 inch conveyor, 45 Ft 23 inch 29.5-29 tires, push bar • 1999 Ditch Witch JT 1720 boring conveyor, 50 Ft 23 inch conveyor, 60 machine, with remote locator, JD 4 Ft 30 inch conveyor Cyl diesel, rubber tracks, 44- 10 Ft • 1996 Cat 140 G motor grader, articulating, 14 Ft moldboard, Hyd drill stems, 1,675 Hr. • 340 B Allis-Chalmers frontend side shift, tilt angle, cross lean, scarifier, loader, 6 Cyl diesel engine, Trans 6 speed power shift transmission, 3306 doesn’t work in reverse, 7 Ft bucket, cat engine, full cab and heat, ROPS, Case 821 B Front end loader pallet forks, 16,9-24 tires, Hr. unknown 17.5-25 tires, Hr. Unknown CONCRETE FORMS & BLANKETS 6-cylinder diesel engine, 4 speed • 1982 Allis-Chalmers 706 forklift, 4 • Cat D-4 Electric start, 10 ft Hyd • 195 - 2X4 Ft steel framed concrete forms • 47 - 12X 48 inch steel framed concrete forms shuttle shift left hand reverser, rear Cyl Perkins engine is weak, 4 speed Dozer with Hyd tilt, cab, nice track

June 7, 2025 Register to Bid at www.OphusAuctions.com

SKID STEERS & ATTACHMENTS

• 2009 Bobcat T 300 skid steer, cab air picker. heat, 17 inch tracks, quick attach, 80 • 2011 Bobcat model 66 angle broom inch bucket with bolt on teeth, High 72 inches, Flow Hyd, RC ready, 2,387 Hr. • 4 Ft pallet forks • 1996 Case 1840 skid steer, Aux Hyd, • Plate with receiver hitch hand controls, 63 inch bucket & a 63 • Shafer HD 10 Hyd post pounder, Hyd inch snow bucket, 2,167 Hr. tilt & angle • 6 Ft Bobcat Brushcat 72 X Hyd • Cat H63 skid steer Hyd breaker mowers. hammer, 13 in pointed breaker, Model Stout 72 inch HD rock bucket with 4 Cat H63FT tine grapple.

• Lowe Model 1200E skid steer Hyd • Harley S-6 power box rake, Hyd auger, 12 inch bit angle.

• Danuser 48-inch skid steer pallet forks • 2007 Cat T9B Hyd trencher, Hyd side • Lowe 750 classic Hyd post hole auger, shift.

10 & 12-inch bits • Western 70 inch Hyd sweeper.

• Boss 8 Ft V snow plow Hyd angle • Loftness Kwik Pick 5 Ft Hyd rock & tilt

SHOP TOOLS & EQUIPMENT

• Weather Head T400D Hyd hose machine & cabinet

EXCAVATORS

TRUCKS

• 1994 KW T800 semi, Series 60 Detroit, 4 by 4 Trans, 272 inch wheel base, Cummins, 13 speed 4 speed Browning steel tank, rear pintle hitch and air, 13 speed, 2 line wet kit, 2- aluminum fuel Henderson suspension.

Trans, 6,478 Hr. custom grill guard 565,623. tanks, Aluminum headache rack.

• 1974 Autocar A64B semi, 355 bumper, Hendricks walking beam • 1994 KW T800 semi, Series 60 Detroit, Cummins, 13 speed, aluminum frame, suspension, 17 Ft custom bed with Tulsa 13 speed, 2 line wet kit, 240 inch wheel wet kit.

70,000 # winch PTO drive, tail roll, 5th base. wheel plate.

• 1975 White Western Star tandem axle • 1991 Ford F-800, Vac truck, Ford dump truck, Detroit turbo 6 Cyl diesel, turbocharged engine Auto Trans, sells 13 speed, 14 Ft dump box. set up with a 1,800 gallon Vac tank, 3.5in • 1983 Oshkosh model P-2330-1 4X4 hose.

2002 Sterling vacuum truck, 3406 Cat truck, 350 Hp Cummins, 5 & 4 speed • 1986 Freightliner dump truck, 855 425 Hp, 9 speed, 288 inch wheel base, Trans, 10 Ft V plow & a 11 Ft side Cummins engine, 13 speed transmission, Safe Jet Vac by Clean Earth vacuum wing, 9 Ft gravel box with 26 inch 1998 Freightliner FLD 1205D day 11R24.5 new steer tires, Galion 15 Ft tank with Hyd end dump, 2 - 1,000 sides,14.00R24 tires, 54,044 miles, (nice cab crane truck, 3406 Cat, 13 speed, box, 43-inch sides, air lock tail gate, water tanks, 2 wands with hose reels, seats) 5th wheel, 288 inch wheel base, rear pintle hitch air, 4 bag air ride, shows 4 - 5 Ft 8 inch aluminum pipes, 2 - 8 • 1995 Ford L- 9000 vacuum truck, 3406 425/65R22.5, National series 600C 86,049 miles Ft pipes, 2 - Large sewer cleanout hose Cat, 13 speed, diff lock, Westeck 3,482 crane & fold back boom, front & side • 1975 IH Fleet star 2050 dump truck, reel on the front of the truck. gal Vac tank, shows 31,914 KM stabilizers.

3208 V8 Cat engine, 5 & 4 speed Trans, • 1991 Peterbilt Vac truck, 3406 Cat B • 1983 Ford F-700 service truck, V-8 • 1996 Kenworth W900, day cab 13 14 Ft aluminum box 28-inch side 8-inch engine, 13 speed Trans, dual aluminum gas, 5 speed, 13 Ft flatbed, Hyd drive speed Trans, Cat 3406 B engine, 200- tip tops. fuel tanks, 1996 Presvac tank, 3,482 air compressor, 3-114 Gal tanks, 6 –hose inch wheelbase, 11R22.5.

• 1982 GMC General, Vac truck, 350 gallons hoist for dumping, 483,875. reels, shows 121,237 miles • 1976 Ford 8,000 dump truck, 3208 Cummins engine, 5 & 2 speed Trans, • 1987 Ford L-8000 dump truck, 3208 • 1967 Diamond T model 1046F winch V-8 Cat engine, 5 & 4 speed trans, 13 Ft 3,000 gallon Vac tank 661, 082 V8 Cat turbo engine, 10 speed Trans, 4 truck, nice paint, 298 Hp 8-71 Detroit, 4 box, air lock tail gate, 40-inch-tall sides, • 1994 Ford LTL 9000 Aero Max X 4, 11 Ft box and hoist, live hydraulics, by 4 Trans, 245 inch wheel base, Braden tandem axle, Hendrickson walking beam water truck, Detroit Series 60, 10 speed bolt on sanding attachment, sells with 70,000 # winch, tail roll. suspension. transmission, tandem axle, 5-inch 11 Ft angle plow, high low transfer case, • 1961 Peterbilt semi, 250 Cummins, • 1979 Peterbilt winch truck, 350 discharge, Hyd drive pump, 4,000-gallon shows 143, 077.

stick 19 Ft secondary stick, sells with original boom 19 Ft main stick 10 Ft secondary stick, sells with 60 inch smooth clean out bucket, shows 6,232 Hr. • Allis-Chalmers 700-G forklift, 4-Cyl gas engine, 4 speed manual transmission EVERYTHING ELSE left hand reverser, open station with • 80 Ft balance beam truck scale • 3,525 Gal skid mounted water • 2014 PJ 8 Ft single axle utility mower, right hand Hyd wing, trailer with Kohler electric start airless tires, 1,000 RPM PTO New Holland EH 215 excavator, ROPS, 9 Ft mast 2 stage lift, tilt, side taken down with 10 Ft wide tank 15 Ft long • Ramsey 15,000 # electric winch diesel fired steam cleaner, 1,784 • Cornel 6 inch water pump,60 Hp 6034-TLU2D Mitsubishi 6-cylinder shift, 54 in wide by 48 in long forks, concrete deck top removed Hr. 150 Gal poly water tank, hose 3 phase motor diesel engine, 32-inch track pad, 18 17.5-24 front tires, 11L-16 rear, 5,349 Hr. • 52 Ft poly pipe, 44 inch diameter, receiver hitch mount 2 inches thick • Estimated 200- 25 Ft 5/8 sucker reel • 17 Ft long trench safety box, Ft main stick 10 Ft secondary stick, • 36 - 6 inch X 60 Ft long coated rods • 5 X 8 Ft telehandler man basket spacers for both 36 & 44 inch wide progressive thumb, quick attach pipe plus extra pieces • 6-inch Denver water pump, 40 • 23 Ft pile driver frame with head ditches coupler, Aux hydraulics, sells with 36• 46 - 3 inch X 63 long coated pipe Hp electric motor 3 phase • 7 Ft Raygo sheep’s foot drum • 20 - 20 Ft sheet piling inch tooth bucket, shows 5,241 Hr. plus extra • Ingersoll - Rand 185 trailer • 16 Ft flatbed 96 inch wide, • 2 - 10 Ft sheet piling • Kobelco SK 160LC excavator, • 14 - 16 inch X 40 Ft long rubber mounted air compressor, 4 Cyl Brayden winch • 2 - 14 Ft aluminum ramps, 28 Mitsubishi 4-cylinder diesel engine, 24lined heavy wall pipe John Deere diesel, 2,026 Hr. • Land Pride RMC 5010 pull type inches wide inch track pads, 17 Ft main stick 10 Ft secondary stick, progressive thumb, sells TRACTORS BACKHOES, BREAKER, COMPACTOR with 36 in tooth bucket, aux hydraulics, • 1996 Case IH 9350 tractor, 310 Hp, 12 IH 2 point 7 Ft sickle mower cab air heat, MFWD, 93 Hp, diff Bobcat E42 mini excavator, 4 Cyl shows 3,648 Hr. speed Trans, 4 Hyd remotes, 7,947 Hr. • 8 N Ford tractor, 4 Cyl, 4 speed, 3 Pt. lock, quick attach 24 inch bucket, • Kobelco SK200LC long stick Kubota diesel, cab air heat, 2-24 inch Aux Hyd, 87 inch 1.25 yard loader excavator, Mitsubishi 6-cylinder diesel buckets & a thumb, 69 inch Hyd angle sells with a 14 Ft heavy duty dozer with PTO • Steiger Super Wildcat, tractor, cab air, Hyd angle & tilt bucket, 3,230 Hr. engine, 32-inch track pads, 2 8 Ft main blade, 14 by 88 inch tracks, 982 Hr. • 1997 Ford New Holland 8160, MFWD, 3150 Cat V-8, 12 speed, tires are poor.

• 2004 Cat 420 D extenda backhoe, BUCKETS, COMPACTORS & HOOKS 90 Hp diesel engine, 3 Pt, PTO, 4 Hyd • Three Point Equipment cab air heat, MFWD, 88 Hp,diff lock, • 30+ Buckets • ½ yard concrete bucket backhoe has joy stick controls, quick • Backhoe Hyd breaker hammer, 2 • Allied excavator quick connect plate remotes, shows 3,856 Hr. tractor has • 3 Pt John Deere 4 bottom roll over plow attach 24 inch bucket, Aux Hyd, 87 inch connecting pins compactor 27 inch wide 33 inches fresh paint job, sells with a New Holland • 12 Ft 3 Pt Chisel plow 7314 loader, 8 Ft quick detach bucket & • 5 Ft King Kutter 3 Pt mower inch 1.25 yard loader bucket, 3,944 • Allied backhoe Hyd plate compactor long • 8 Ft John Deere 3 Pt rear blade 2014 Cat 420 F extenda backhoe, Hr. 4 tine grapple 24X28 inches • 12 inch crane hook • McCormick Farmall A tractor, 4 Cyl, • 3 Pt. Round bale Hyd spinner • ESCO Excavator quick attach unit • 9 inch wrecking ball & hook WELDERS & GENERATORS PTO, Serial # FAA271628 sells with an • 8 Ft heavy duty 3 Pt box blade 10 ton rated • 16 Inch crane hook 3 spool • Miller Trail Blazer 302 new in the box mounted, White 6 Cyl diesel, 1,921 Hr. never opened, Kohler gas engine Serial # 127433A5-28 sells with a 120 AUCTIONEERS NOTE: • Miller Big 40 DC arc welder 4 Cyl gas, gal fuel tank John, Karen, Ken & Scott Pike have been in the construction business for 60 plus years. At 87 years John says it is time to slow down. The whole Highline of Mt is going to trailer mounted, Serial # HF860725 • ETQ electric start diesel 6 KW miss the service of this family business. There are way more items than listed. You may call John at 406-357-8005 for questions. We will have loadout day Monday June 9th. • Kohler 90 Hp 3 phase generator, skid generator, 96 Hr.

OPHUS AUCTION SERVICE Shane, Blaine & Taylor Ophus, Auctioneers • Mason Ophus , Clerk FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL BLAINE @ (406) 390-5279 Printed by Blaine County Printing & SignS

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A16

AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT HAULING “Fast & Efficient” • Moving new and used equipment • Delivery to 48 states and Canada • Regional hauling • Locally owned and operated since 1999

You Call We Haul

For quote or questions please contact: dispatch@taytrans.com 406-727-5066

2024 HAY FOR SALE JUST AVAILABLE

* 2024 Haybet Barley net wrapped, big round bales, low nitrates, high protein * 1st cutting Alfalfa with a little grass * Grass with a little alfalfa * Millet * Milo (Sorgum Sudan) * CRP hay Delivery in Semi Loads Call Klint @ (701) 290-4418

Family Owned and Operated!

(825) 734-3184 www.irvinestrailers.com

2026 4-Star 3-Horse 20-ft. x 8-ft.

Slant Load Gooseneck

Call for Price

All Aluminum, G.V.W.R. (kg) - 7346 KG, (2) 7000lb Axles, 10,000lb Single Leg Hydraulic Jack with Battery Box & Battery Wired Up, Rubber on Gooseneck Floor, Drop & Dressing Room Floor, Front Dressing Room, Drop Down Feed Door with Window Per Horse and Drop Down Window Bars, Insulated & Line Full Length of Trailer Including Gooseneck, Rubber Lined Walls in Horse Compartment, 6-ft. Hayrack with Telescoping Ladder.

4-Star

24-ft. x 8-ft.

All Aluminum Stock Combo Trailer

$49,995

G.V.W.R. (kg) - 7845 KG, (2) 7000lb Axles, 10,000lb Single Leg Hydraulic Jack with Battery Box & Battery Wired Up, 96” Gooseneck with Reinforcement, Side Door-Curbsidewith Butterfly Latch, Single Interior Gate, Two Compartments (6-ft. and 14-ft. from drop), Outside Release Slam Latch, Full Width with Half Slider Rear Door. Tack room includes: (2) Blanket Bars, (2) Brush Trays, (20) Bridle Hooks, (4) Saddle Racks, Permanent Saddle Rack Post, Fold Down Step, Rubber Floor Mats Throughout Trailer.

4-Star

24-ft. x 7-ft.

All Aluminum Stock Combo Trailer

$42,995

G.V.W.R. (kg) - 7891 KG, (2) Torsion 7000lb Axles, Single Drop Leg, Removable Jack Handle, Tapered Gooseneck, Side Door-Curbside-w/ Butterfly Latch, Full Width Rear Door with Half Slider, Fully Enclosed Tail Light Gusset, Full Width Single Interior Gate, Two 10-ft. Compartments, Tack room includes: (4) Swingout Blanket Bars at Dressing Room Door, (2) Brush Trays at Dressing Room Door, (4) Saddle Racks, Permanent Saddle Rack Post, (20) Bridle Hooks - 10 High, 10 Low LED Lights, Carpet Gooseneck Floor, Carpet Drop, Carpet Bulkhead Wall - Includes Lining, Fold Down Step.

2025 4-Star 24-ft. x 7-ft.

All Aluminum Stock Trailer

Call for Price

Fold Down Nose Access Door, Full Width Drop Partition, (2) Interior Gates, (3) 8-ft. Compartments, 52” Clear Slatted Solid Side Door with Reinforcement and Butterfly Latch, Slatted Solid Full Width with Half Slider Rear Door and Rear Gate Safety Slam Latch, (2) 7000lb Torsion Axles, Single side Wall Construction with 2 Air Cracks, Tread Plate Floor, Skid Plate under Rear of Trailer, G.V.W.R. (kg) - 7664 KG

South Dakota FFA elects state officers at convention Six South Dakota FFA members were elected to serve as the 2025-2026 South Dakota FFA Officer team at the 97th South Dakota FFA Convention, April 3-5, 2025.

As state officers, they will represent more than 6,437 South Dakota FFA members.

The 2025-2026 South Dakota FFA Officer team includes: President Tyler Strasser, Lennox-Sundstrom; Vice President Josie Nold, Brookings; Secretary Kate Meyer, Sisseton; Treasurer Elena Andrews, Beresford; Reporter Ireland McAreavey, Tri Valley and Sentinel Skyler Plucker, Lennox-Sundstrom.

The state FFA officer team will travel across the state sharing their passion for agriculture, leadership, and service. South Dakota FFA officers present workshops and conferences across the state and challenge FFA members to serve their communities and the agriculture industry. State Officers advocate for the agriculture industry at various events including South Dakota FFA State Fair at the Ag Adventure Center as well as serve as delegates to the National FFA Convention this fall.

80 South Dakota farmers needed for nationwide soil health project: Enroll today

South Dakota State University Extension is inviting South Dakota farmers to participate in a new soil health survey.

The new nationwide project is called “Probing Our Country’s Soil Health” and is looking for 80 South Dakota farmers to participate. The project leaders are working to understand the status of soil health around the country and use that information to develop a new tool called Soil Health Assessment Protocol and Evaluation (or SHAPE). Once completed, the SHAPE tool can be used by farmers to better understand their soil health test results.

“In South Dakota we are often experiencing extreme weather conditions and are looking for ways to stabilize or even increase yields in these conditions. Improving our understanding of our soil’s health can better help us manage them,” said Jason Clark, SDSU Extension Soil Fertility Specialist, who is helping to lead the project in South Dakota.

SHAPE is an online tool designed to interpret soil health measurements, monitor soil health change and offer management practice alternatives for improving soil health. The goal of the project is to collect 13,000 soil samples across the U.S. from approximately 6,000 fields, sampling different soil, climate and management conditions.

The SHAPE tool will be available as a free web-based app for easy soil health scoring.

To make the tool as useful as possible for South Dakota farmers, the goal is to attract a broad representation of South Dakota ag lands — crops, forages and pasture. ##### What made the newspaper blush?

It saw the comic strip.

Participants will be asked to share general information through an online survey for how two or three fields from their operation have been managed during the last 10 years.

They will provide this information through a facilitator-led online Zoom meeting that takes about 45 to 60 minutes.

Participants will also need to grant access to their fields for hand-probe soil sampling, typically two or three sampling sites from each field. Sampling will typically occur within three to six months of the survey, and landowners will be notified prior to the date.

Each participant will receive a personalized soil health report of their fields (over $450 worth of soil test results), and a hard copy of “Probing Our Country’s Soil Health”, a photo book illustrating soil health across the country and the outcomes to this project.

To enroll as a landowner participant, select a time from one of the following facilitator schedule links: Charlie Ebbesmeyer - https://scheduler. zoom.us/charlie-ebbesmeyer/probing-ourcountry-s-soil-health Mitchell Rice - https://scheduler.zoom. us/mitchell-rice/probing-our-countrys-soilhealth-shape-management-survey Andrea Rice - https://scheduler.zoom.us/ andrea-rice-xddqb2/probing-our-countryssoil-health-shape-management-survey For more information, contact Jason Clark, SDSU Extension Soil Fertility Specialist, or Hans Klopp, SDSU Extension Soil Health Specialist.

##### What kind of key opens a banana?

A mon-key!

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A17

OWNER RETIRING

Morris 21-ft. plow, single wing............................. $2000 Brandt PTO grain auger, 8” x 50-ft...................... $1500 Case IH 5000 swather, diesel, air, new hydraulics.. $7000 Phone Carl @ (406) 467-2198, Fairfield, Montana

Scotts Bluff County 4-H members from left, Brooklyn, Hunter, and Gage Creech, presented a service project 4-H is helping with to create a pollinator garden in Gering, Nebraska. Courtesy Photo

4-H members present pollinator garden service project

By Chabella Guzman, PREEC Communications dia,” Zitterkopf said.

The 50th annual Great Plains conference Work on the pollinator garden will begin was held on April 8-10 in Lincoln, and a soon, and the space has been added to the poster session was held at the Great Plains Nebraska Statewide Arboretum’s Wildflower Art Museum. Nebraska Extension Master Week schedule on Friday, June 6. The gardenGardener Laurie Zitterkopf and Scotts Bluff ers will finish planting on June 6, and there County 4-H members presented a poster on will be a ribbon cutting at 10 a.m. The public a service project they will be performing is invited. this spring to introduce a pollinator garden at the Scotts Bluff County Administration Building in Gering, Neb. “Mike (Zitterkopf) and I were able to transport the display and poster to the conference,” Laurie Zitterkopf Missoula & Great Falls, Montana said. Three of the 4-H project members from Scottsbluff, Hunter, Brooklyn, and Gage Creech, joined her at the conference. “Our 4-H youth attended to answer questions from the attendees. They had wonderful interest in the project and did very well presenting.”

2026 Western Star 49X Detroit DD15, 505 hp, DT12, 2020 Kenworth W900 Cummins, 605 hp, 18 speed, air 2026 Western Star 49X Detroit DD16, 560 hp, DT12, Zitterkopf and the 4-Her’s ride, 248” wheelbase, 46,000 lb. rear axles, 13,200 Airliner suspension, all aluminums, 251” wheelbase, air ride, all aluminum, 250” wheelbase, 13,000 lb. used guidelines for native front axles, 373,752 miles, lift axle, FULL LOCK13,300 lb. front axles, 46,000 lb. rear axles, 200 front axles, 46,000 lb. rear axles, 100 miles, FULL landscape design from the ERS! Stock #842614................................... $135,000 miles, FULL LOCKERS! Stock #840999.... $218,900 LOCKERS! Stock #840991........................$199,900 Nebraska Statewide Arboretum. The team will create a garden that focuses on the larval (caterpillar) stage of the butterfly’s life cycle. They also chose host plants for butterflies of Scotts Bluff County, as listed on the Nebraska Lepidoptera, 89 Species, website. “With our 2026 Western Star 49X Cummins, 605 hp, 18 speed, 2026 Western Star 49X Detroit DD15, 505 hp, DT12, research of the chosen butterChalmers suspension, 255” wheelbase, 14,600 lb. air ride, all aluminum wheels, 246” wheelbase, flies, we have already learned front axles, 46,000 lb. rear axles, 8 miles, 2 LIFT AX13,300 lb. front axles, 46,000 lb. rear axles, 100 2025 Freightliner Cascadia 116 DD13, 450 hp, DT12, that the Icaricia shasta, Shas176” wheelbase, NEW!............................... $138,283 LES! FULL LOCKERS! Stock #832604........$CALL! miles, FULL LOCKERS! Stock #840996.... $214,990 ta Blue, takes two years to complete its life cycle.”

The garden will have signage highlighting the featured butterflies and the host plants needed for these insects to complete their life cycle. “We want to show with our educational sign and our garden how we can 2025 Freightliner Cascadia 126 Detriot, DD15, 455 2025 Freightliner Cascadia 126 Detriot, DD15, 455 2025 Freightliner Cascadia 126 Detriot, DD15, 455 bring the rich landscape of hp, DT12, air ride, all aluminum wheels, 229” wheelhp, DT12, air ride, all aluminum wheels, 229” wheelhp, DT12, air ride, all aluminum wheels, 229” wheelthe Great Plains into our livbase, 13,300 lb. front axles, 40,000 lb. rear axles, 7 base, 13,300 lb. front axles, 40,000 lb. rear axles, base, 13,300 lb. front axles, 40,000 lb. rear axles, miles. Stock #827656.................................. $184,900 2108 miles. Stock #827654......................... $184,900 ing spaces.”

184 miles. Stock #827658........................... $184,900 The 4-H youth were approached by a number of at2022 Peterbilt 389 tendees commenting on their Cummins, 565 hp, presentation and project.

280,000 miles, APU “Dr. Larkin Powell, Direc*Truck is not in yet, tor of the School of Natural but will be on the Check Out More At: lot soon! Please call Resources, asked to receive Christina for more pictures of their blooms this details! summer so that he might share them on his social me-

Call/Text Christina!

406-946-1290

Questions? Call/Text Christina:

406-946-1290

istatetruck.com

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A18

LIVE

E V I L

KP Stevens Ranch and Hay Equipment

Saturday, June 7, 2025 - 10 am 150 Stevens Road, Ashland, Montana 59003

WATCH FOR SIGNS - Concessions Available.

TRACTORS SWATHERS *2013 JOHN DEERE 6115 R TRACTOR H340 Loader & Grapple, *2085 HOURS. 95 SKIDSTEER & HAYING PTO Horse. Brand New Back Tires. Partial EQUIPMENT power shift with left hand reverse. *2013 JOHN DEERE 6115 D TRACTOR, H310 Loader & Grapple, *1500 HOURS. *1997 JOHN DEERE 7410 TRACTOR with 740 Loader & Grapple, *9,140 HOURS, 105 PTO Horsepower. BALE SPEAR FOR 740 LOADER. *1988 JOHN DEERE 4450 TRACTOR with 726 Loader & Grapple. *10,376 hrs. (Dallas Gaskill Tractor) * JOHN DEERE 550 CAT DOZER with 6 WAY BLADE *JOHN DEERE STEPS FOR TRACTOR updated safe style. *TRACTOR CHAINS Used 1 time, fit 20,8 R 38 (4450) in box.

VEHICLES

*1991 FORD F250 460 w/ Bale Bed *2002 F-250 FORD PICKUP *2006 FORD F-350 4 DOOR XLT 6.0 DIESEL, 120,000 MILES. *2008 F-350 SINGLE CAB PICKUP w/ BESLER BALE BED.

SKIDSTEER

*2012 JOHN DEERE 320 D SKIDSTEER, 1,550 hours. Heat & AC, with Bucket, JOHN DEERE PALLET FORKS sold seperately. *WORKSITE PRO PA 30 DIGGER FOR SKIDSTEER

ROUND BALERS

*2014 JOHN DEERE 569 MEGA WIDE PLUS ROUND HAY BALER, NET OR TWINE * 2015 VERMEER 605 ROUND HAY BALER, NET WRAP ONLY. *NET WRAP HOT IRON *VERMEER BALER PTO SHAFT *4 ROLLS NET WRAP

TWIN RAKES, RETREIVER & PROCESSOR

*VERMEER 2800 HYDRAULIC TWIN RAKE, GOOD COND. *JOHN DEERE 705 TWIN HYDRAULIC RAKE, GOOD COND. *VERMEER BALE RETREIVER BM700, HOLDS 7 BALES. *VERMEER BPX 9000 BALE PROCESSOR, LIKE NEW.

TRAILERS

*FEATHERLITE 24 FT ALUMINUM STOCK TRAILER GOOSENECK, GOOD FLOOR. *2003 CIRCLE D HORSE TRAILER 6’8”X20 *WW BUMPER HORSE TRAILER, OLDER *ROADBOSS FLATBED TRAILER w/ BEAVER TAIL

*1999 HESSTON 8450 SWATHER, 2,877 hours. 16 ft head. *2002 HESSTON 8450 SWATHER, 4,988 hours. 16 ft. head.

RANCH EQUPMENT

*TARTER HYDRAULIC SQUEEZE CHUTE, HAS HAD A CANOPY OVER IT. * POWDER RIVER HEAD CATCH CHUTE *POWDER RIVER CALF TABLE *T&S TRIP HOPPER CAKE FEEDER, 2000 LB capacity. *3 PT BALE UNROLLER

FARMING EQUIPMENT

*WHITE 263 TANDEM DISC w/ Wings *OGDEN 36 FT. DRAG HARROW ON CART *3 PT. S SHANK FIELD CULTIVATOR w/ wings 17 FT. *DEGELMAN 10 FT DOZER w/ 2 FT EXTENSION, *EVERSMAN 1 YARD SCRAPER *18 FT DRAG HARROW

MISCELLANEOUS RANCH ITEMS

*2 SETS OF WINKLE PANELS, MATERNITY PEN, 1 TRAILER, 3 GATES *HI QUAL PANELS *PLUS ASSORTED PANELS *FIMCO PICKUP SPRAY UNIT, 250-300 GALLONS APPROX. *BIG RHINO 3 PT. BLADE *BMB BRUSH HOG ON WHEELS *3 PT QUICK ATTACH FOR TRACTOR *HONDA RANCHER 4 WHEELER *FOREMAN HONDA 4 WHEELER *SEVERAL STEEL & GALVANIZED FEEDBUNKS *MCMULLEN POST HOLE DIGGER *SOLAR PANELS, BRANDING IRONS, HORN IRONS, BITS, BRIDLES, SADDLES, TOW ROPE, ASSORTED HAND TOOLS, FLOAT BALLS, *YARD MACHINE RIDING LAWN MOWER, KOLTLER 22 RIDING LAWN MOWER,WHEEL BARROW, PLASTIC LANDSCAPE POND POOL, ASSORTED LUMBER, TIRE CHAINS, TABLE SAW, PLUS MORE... *CENTURY 230 AMP WELDER AC WELDER

ANTIQUES & SUCH

*NEAT OLD GAS PUMP *UNIQUE ASSORTMENT OF WOODS USED FOR CARVING. *TROPHY DEER HORNS FROM LONG AGO, KEPT IN CABIN. *WOOD COYOTE STRETCHERS

Auctioneer’s Note: KP & Nan Stevens are ready to take it easy. They will be offering up items that will fit right into your Ranch lineup, and go to work for you. Everything is clean, been shedded, and ready to find a new Zip Code. Please join us at the KP Stevens Ranch & Haying Equipment LIVE AUCTION, East of Ashland MT, June 7th.

See photos at kuhbacherauction.com Auctioneers: Beau & Charlee Kuhbacher PO Box 306, Broadus, MT 59317 www.kuhbacherauction.com.

605-645-3591 All information is from sources deemed reliable, but is not guaranteed by the Sellers or the Auctioneers. Offering is subject to error, omission, and approval of purchase by owner. We urge independent verification of each and every item submitted to the satisfaction of any prospective buyer, it is up to the prospective bidder to inspect in any way they deem advisable. Announcements made sale day take precedence over any printed materials. The items sell As Is- Where is with no guarantee.

Milk River Basin Reservoir conditions update

The Bureau of Reclamation’s Montana Area Office reports water levels in Fresno Reservoir are currently below average, while Nelson Reservoir is experiencing above-average storage for this time of year. The low carryover storage in Fresno Reservoir is a result of the St. Mary Canal siphons failure on June 17, 2024, and has led to significantly reduced water supplies for the region between Fresno Reservoir and Nelson Reservoir. Unless there is a substantial improvement in weather conditions, only partial irrigation water is anticipated this year, which could leave many areas without irrigation water for most of the season. Please note that not all water stored in Fresno Reservoir is designated for irrigation; a portion is reserved for municipal use.

The Milk River Joint Board of Control, responsible for overseeing irrigation operations across eight districts within the Milk River Project, is scheduled to meet May 13 to finalize timing for releasing water from Fresno Reservoir for irrigation purposes. A tentative start date has been targeted for May 20. Milk River Project water users located upstream of Nelson Reservoir will not receive irrigation until releases from Fresno Reservoir are increased. However, to optimize the available water supply, Harlem Irrigation District and the Malta Irrigation District may begin operations sooner to serve crops that can use the water now. All other districts and pumpers in this stretch are to remain off until Fresno releases begin. The Fort Belknap Indian Irrigation Project, which holds the senior water right in the lower Milk River Basin, will begin diverting water when its users are prepared.

In contrast, Nelson Reservoir is approaching its full conservation pool. Irrigation from Nelson Reservoir is projected to commence April 27, benefiting the Malta Irrigation District. Meanwhile, Glasgow Irrigation District began its irrigation activities last week to capture available water before it exits the Milk River system.

The St. Mary Canal is projected to be operational by early July. Once it is functional, water will be transferred from the St. Mary River Basin into the Milk River Basin to support irrigation efforts and help recover storage levels in Fresno Reservoir.

Current Conditions at Reclamation Facilities: Fresno Reservoir – Inflows to Fresno Reservoir are below average for this time of year. The reservoir level is below average for this time of year at about 13 feet below the top of the active conservation pool.

Nelson Reservoir – Nelson Reservoir is above average for this time of year at about 1 foot below the top of active conservation pool.

For more information on water levels, visit Reclamation’s Montana Area Office website at, http://www.usbr. gov/gp/mtao/. Water supply updates can be found on the Milk River Joint Board of Control website at https://www. milkriverproject.com/water-forecasts/.

Scouting for army cutworm in alfalfa

By Samantha Daniel, UNL As the weather continues to warm across Nebraska, it is important to keep an eye on alfalfa fields for signs of Army Cutworm.

The Army Cutworm, also known as the miller moth in the adult form, is a caterpillar with a wide host range that includes alfalfa. It is 1.5 – 2” long with a greenish brown to greenish-grey body that has three stripes: two darker stripes running laterally along the sides and one lighter stripe along the back.

Because these caterpillars feed at night, feeding damage or other signs of an infestation are usually noticed first. Feeding damage from this insect consists of semi-circular areas eaten from leaf edges or circular holes in leaves. A delay in green-up or higher than average bird activity can also be signs of an infestation.

To scout for Army Cutworm, overturn clots of loose soil or residue near the base of the plants and count the number of larvae in 1 sq. ft. of surface area. The economic or treatment threshold for Army Cutworm in seedling alfalfa is 2 or more larvae per sq. ft. while in established alfalfa, the threshold is 4 larvae per sq. ft.

Established fields can usually better compensate for feeding damage compared to seedling fields thus the difference in the control guidelines. If the number of Army Cutworm in a field is above the economic threshold, a pyrethroid insecticide application may be considered.

USDA terminates University of Idaho grant to help farmers

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A19

ANIMAL BEDDING & FIREWOOD FOR SALE

several producers to ensure any eligible The largest grant in University of Idaho’s expenses incurred prior to this date are history, intended to provide payment directly Perfect for horses and calving barns. reimbursed. to Idaho producers for developing sustainSawdust - $2500/ton “While we are disappointed by the USDA able agricultural practices, was terminated decision to terminate the IAMP grant, we as a result of new criteria implemented by Mulch - $2500/ton are thankful for the opportunity to resubmit the United States Department of Agriculture.

Firewood - $80-10000/ton our proposal,” IAMP Co-director Sanford The Partnerships for Climate-Smart ComEigenbrode said. “The objectives of the modities (PCSC) program included nearly EVERGREEN WOOD PRODUCTS LLC IAMP project are in line with the expected $59 million for U of I’s Innovative Agriguidelines from USDA/NRCS and their culture and Marketing Partnership (IAMP) Farmer First priorities, and we are in a good project.

3823 Seright Road • Moore, MT 59464 position to reconfigure the project to meet USDA recently identified new criteria to those guidelines.” evaluate the Climate-Smart grants, referred to as Farmer First policy priorities. The new criteria include a requirement that at least 65% of grant funds must go directly to producers. In the original IAMP proposal, more than 50% of funding was allocated for direct incentive payments to producers, with the rest of the grant, excluding direct administrative costs, intended to provide technical DIRECTIONS: Take the Frenchtown Exit #89, head North to the Frontage Road and take a right to head East. Travel .6 miles, turn left on Mill Creek Road, travel and marketing services to North .7 miles and take a right onto Shelby Renee Lane. Take an immediate right onto Tollefson Way. Travel .3 mile to the auction site. Watch for and follow the signs!!! enrolled producers — saving Alfred’s family has decided to liquidate all of the farm and ranch equipment. They are offering a large variety of tractors, farm/hay/ them the cost of contractlivestock equipment, tack, antiques, and so much more. Please visit our website for more items, still finding treasures as auction ing those services indepensetup continues. *Sure to be something for everyone* LIVE AUCTION ONLY—we sure hope to see you on auction day! dently.

U of I faculty, staff and graduate students were providing technical support and guidance to producers TR ACTORS & EQUIPMENT TOOLS & SHOP to collect and analyze data  Extreme air compressor  ‘97 JD 6300 Tractor, 3485 hrs generated by these prac Hydraulic press  ‘73 JD 4430 Tractor, 5604 hrs tices through this program.  King drill press  ‘75 JD 4430 Tractor, 10k hrs  Shovels and forks  ‘72 JD 4020 Tractor, 8849 hrs The data from this project  Stihl 250 chainsaw  ‘70 JD 4020 Tractor, blown engine  Fire hose would have helped produc IH Super M Tractor & IH H Tractor  Delta chop saw ers make informed decisions  ‘83 Case 2090 w/EZ-on loader, 4832 hrs  Craftsman table saw  ‘68 Case Traction King, 4x4  Anvil and vice about how these practices VEHICLES, TR AILERS, ATV/UTVs  Hobart welder  ‘49 JD R & JD A Tractor, gas would affect their bottom  ‘96 Volvo tandem dual, 890k m  Oxygen acetylene torch  ‘90 EZ on loader w/7’ grapple bucket  ‘81 Fruehauf 48’ Flatbed trailer  Bench grinder line, reducing the risk to the HAY/FARM EQUIPMENT  Arc welder  ‘68 Alloy 24’ Pup trailer producers to engage in new  Pipe wrenches  ‘88 Haffner GN triple axle trailer  ‘07 TB 245 Hydraulic post pounder  Parts washer  ‘58 Chevy C400 w/dump bed practices.  ‘05 Vermeer 555XL round baler, dual tie  Chains & chain binders  ‘70 Chevy C40 w/30’ sky ladder  Vermeer 605 round baler USDA is relaunching the  Several sets of wrenches  ‘95 GN 24’ flatbed w/beavertail  ‘98 JD 566 round baler, net & twine  Large toolbox full of wrenches former PCSC program as  ‘51 F-4 1 1/2 ton w/400 gal spray tank  ‘11 JD 338 small square baler & sockets and much more!  ‘80 Classic 7x18 Stock trailer the Advancing Markets for  ‘07 JD Moco 730 discbine  ‘92 7x16 Car hauler trailer  ‘03 King Cutter 6’ rotary mower Producers (AMP) Initiative.  ‘16 Lowes single axle tilt trailer  JD twin rake hitch U of I has the opportunity to  ‘01 8x20 Hydraulic tilt trailer  JD 3-bottom Model 45 plow  ‘60s pickup box trailer  Gehl grinder, Model 50 resubmit a proposal by June  ‘70 Van storage body trailer 8x24  JD 9514 Header/Combine 20, with adjustments to meet  ‘85 Flatbed w/8x20 wood deck  3pt. Elston Vole poison machine  ‘15 JD Gator XUV 550 the new criteria.  3pt. 3-wheel turner  ‘14 Honda Rancher 4x4  3pt.

JD 7’ sickle mower As of March, the IAMP  ‘89 Honda 4Trax 250  MM 1960 Hammer mill project received applications  ‘67 Gator Boat trailer  3pt. Bale unroller  ‘53 Larson aluminum boat from 201 Idaho produc JD 2-row corn chopper  Farmhand hay head R ANCH EQUIPMENT & TACK ers representing 34 Idaho  JD 5-bottom plow, Model 3100  ‘03 PR squeeze chute counties, across seven com IH 480 tandem disc w/hyd wings  ‘03 PR 12’ crowd tub & 3-section alley  IH cultipacker 15’, Model 315 modities. Several produc ‘91 Pearson head catch  JD 12’ wheel carried chisel plow ers had completed all the  ‘78 Thorson squeeze chute  Case 12’ wheel carried chisel plow  ‘80 Big Valley squeeze chute paperwork and were en 6x16 Roller chain pasture harrow  H&W livestock feeders  4x12 Flex pasture harrow rolled, and others were in  Thorson calf table, portable  3pt. JD 4-bottom plow ANTIQUES,  Vrty Bunk line feeder panels the final stages. In a press re Case 12’ cultipacker, 3 sections  Vrty Panels & Gates, HD H&W COLLECTIBLES &  MM 10’ grain/grass drill lease announcing the PCSC  Misc water tanks, Miraco water tank  Homemade pipe trailer HORSE DR AWN program cancellation, USDA  Numerous saddles & pads, 2 side saddles M I S C .

E Q U I P M E N T  ‘49 Chevy Suburban  Large variety of bits, bridles/headstalls committed to honoring all  Horse drawn manure spreader  Too much to list, more items being  300 & 400 gal fuel tanks eligible expenses incurred discovered daily!  (2) McD Horse drawn 5’ mowers  3 pt. JD 7’ back blade  Deering horse drawn 383 2-way prior to April 13. U of I  Melroe 9’ backhoe on truck frame plow  50s Jeep box is in contact with its  Horse drawn MM corn planter  22’ Hay elevator implementing partners and  Horse drawn Deering dump rake  3pt. Dirt slip

406-374-2216

##### Antarctica isn’t completely covered in ice - 98% of the continent is. The ice averages 1.34 miles thick, and is 3 miles at its thickest. ##### Antarctica is the driest continent. One region has received no precipitation for the last two million years.

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TERMS OF SALE: CASH, CHECKS, CREDIT CARD (CC 3.5% FEE) ACCEPTED. NO BUYER’S PREMIUMS OR FEES!!!

PHOTO ID REQUIRED FOR BIDDER REGISTRATION. ALL ITEMS ARE SOLD AS IS/WHERE IS, NO WARRANTY OR GUARANTEE IMPLIED OR EXPRESSED BY CONSIGNOR OR AUCTIONEER. BUYER IS SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR INSPECTION OF ITEMS. NO ITEMS WILL BE REMOVED UNTIL PAID FOR IN FULL. SALE DAY ANNOUNCEMENTS TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER PRINT. ITEMS TO BE REMOVED FROM SITE WITHIN 5 DAYS UNLESS OTHERWISE ARRANGED. NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ACCIDENTS.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A20

• WANTED TO BUY • 1948 to 1951 Chrysler, Dodge, DeSoto, Plymouth - that are well kept.

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Henry Kallis (605) 639-1904 Spearfish, SD

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Common aerial imagery used for crop sssessment

By: Ali Mirzakhani Nafchi, Assistant Professor & SDSU Extension Precision Agriculture Specialist. Written with contributions by Karishma Kumari, Salma Mirzaee and Ahmed Abdalla.

Integrated Precision Agriculture (PA) able rate input applications, improving crop decision-making tools, including data colmanagement, and promoting environmental lection and analysis platforms, have transquality through more efficient input usage formed our agriculture today by optimizing and targeted optimizations. crop management and increasing productivRESOLUTION (ABOVE 100M²) ity. Aerial imagery, for example, can proModerate Resolution Imaging Spectroravide farmers, agronomists, and policymakdiometer (MODIS/NASA), Project for Oners with real or close-to-real-time, accurate, Board Autonomy – Vegetation (PROBA-V), and actionable data for optimizing practices and Geostationary Operational Environand managing resources effectively, leading mental Satellites (GOES), can provide land to sustainability. Aerial imagery is a powcover and vegetation growth information erful tool enabling efficient monitoring of with essential data for applications such as large areas that supports effective decisionland use, crop monitoring, famine predicmaking by early detection of crop issues tion, and global environmental and climate (such as water or pests’ stresses and nutrient studies, classified as low-resolution with deficiencies), to enhance sustainable praccoarse resolutions compared to highertices by optimizing. The common types of resolution systems. aerial imagery for crop assessment are: Airplane-Based Imagery Satellite-Based Imagery Airplane-based imagery refers to the Images captured by satellite imagery collection of sensing data captured from provide large-scale coverage with frequent manned airplanes or other aircraft equipped revisit times depending on the satellite. The with cameras and sensors flying over farmlist of satellites used in agriculture, based land providing high-resolution images on their resolutions (Fig 1), are as follows: compared to satellite-based imagery. The RESOLUTION (UP TO 10M²) higher spatial resolution of captured images GeoEye-1 (Geoeye), WorldView-3 and by airplanes compared to satellite imagery, 4 (WorldView-4), Pléiades (Airbus Satelcan result in detailed sensing, mapping, lites), Planet Labs (Planet), are common and monitoring, in precision agriculture. satellites with multispectral imageries proSome advantages of airplane-based imagery viding crop health monitoring, soil analysis, are: a) customizable flight paths to target and infrastructure mapping for crop stress specific locations with predefined routes, detection, detecting fine-scale agricultural ensuring coverage of areas that may be difpatterns, pest hotspots, and irrigation planficult to monitor using satellites, b) they can ning. These are commercial (Paid) satellite be timed for clear weather conditions and imagery. However, Planet imagery access useful for areas with frequent cloud cover for some datasets can be free through speas well as on-demand data collection, c) cific programs or portals like USGS Earth airplane can carry a wide array of sensors Explorer. (e.g., optical cameras, LiDAR, Thermal RESOLUTION (10M² TO 30M²) sensors, Multispectral and Hyperspectral) Sentinel1-2 and Landsat 8 & 9 (USGS/ for detailed vegetation analysis and mineral NASA) aerial imagery products enable the exploration. On the other hand, logistical monitoring and assessment of crop health, coordination and flight permissions, limited enhancing pest detection, optimizing variCONTINUED ON PAGE A22

2008 John Deere 310SJ 6245+/hours, enclosed cab with heat and air conditioning, cloth air ride seat, Power Shift transmission, 4x4, Extend-A-Hoe, switchable pilot controls, new rear tires, 24” backhoe bucket, diff lock, has been very well maintained, has been through the shop, recent service, excellent condition. Located in Spearfish, SD........................................... $52,500 2014 SkyTrak 6042 3225 hours, enclosed cab with heat, auxiliary hydraulics, manual coupler, 48” forks, 74” carriage, nice foam filled tires, 3-way steering, hydraulic frame tilt, 6000 lb lift, 42-ft. reach, has been through the shop all repairs have been made, just serviced, telehandler is in excellent condition. Located in Spearfish, SD.................................................................$44,500 2012 SkyTrak 10054 telehandler, 3785+- hours, 72” carriage, 60” forks, 3-way steering, stabilizers, frame tilt, foam filled tires, 10,000 pound lift capacity, 54-ft. reach, recent service, excellent condition, job site ready. Located in Spearfish, SD................................................................................$62,900.....$49,500

PROBA-V (100 m)

Landsat 8 & 9 (30 m)

Sentinel -1 & 2 (10 m)

Planet Labs (3 m)

Pleiades (2 m)

GeoEye-1 (1.65 m)

2019 Kubota SVL75-2, 995 hours, enclosed cab heat and AC, hydraulic coupler, 78” bucket with bolt on edge, 75 hp, 6570 pound tip load.

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WorldView-3 & 4 (1.2 m)

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Machine is in nice overall condition, serviced and job site ready.

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Figure 1: Resolution comparison of aerial imagery from top satellites used in agriculture.

##### It is better to lose the saddle than the horse.

– Italian Proverb

##### Life’s tough, it’s even tougher if you’re stupid.

– John Wayne

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A21

##### Never do card tricks for the group you play poker with. – Laurence J. Peter

##### Never slap a man’s face while he is chewing tobacco.

– Will Rogers

##### Never believe anybody who says their horse doesn’t kick. – Texas Bix Bender

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A22

Common aerial imagery used for crop assessment

IRRIGATION ITEMS FOR SALE 8 inch ring lock main line 30-ft. of irrigation pipe Approximately 60 joints 1/2 have 4” valves Phone (406) 278-3068, Conrad, Montana

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE A20

coverage, weather dependency, and higher cost compared to satellites, are some of the disadvantages of the airplane-based imagery and making it less efficient for global-scale monitoring.

Drone (UAV) Imagery Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (drones) equipped with multispectral, RGB, thermal, and hyperspectral cameras and sensors, highly adaptable to specific areas and conditions, can capture very high spatial resolution (centimeter-level precision).

Usually, drones are cost-effective for small to medium-sized farms and can be used in real-time or on-demand detecting fine-scale variability in crops and soil. The limited coverage area compared to satellites and airplanes, regulatory restrictions on drone flights in some areas, required expertise in flight planning, data acquisition and processing are some of the challenges in using the drones. Different types of UAVs used in agriculture based on their capabilities and the specific are: FIXED-WING DRONES Similar to small airplanes with wings and can cover large areas efficiently. Specifics about the fixed-wing drones are large-scale field mapping, crop health monitoring, topographic surveys, and long flight durations to cover large areas with high efficiency for large farms. Limited hovering capability, launch and landing area requirements, and higher cost are some challenges in using fixed-wing drones (Fig 2).

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New Holland 1079................................................Call for details 2006 New Holland BW28 balewagon............................. $95,000 New Holland 1069 As Is needs brakes........................... $18,500 New Holland S1049 balewagon...................................... $18,500 2006 New Holland 1037 balewagon, sharp.................... $35,000 6-New Holland 1037 balewagons, rebuilt......$26,500 to $42,000 New Holland 1036 LATE MODEL, seen very little use.... $42,500 New Holland 1033 REBUILT, like new............................ $17,500 New Holland 1032 pull type, REBUILT............................ $17,500 New Holland 1051 three wide retriever mounted on 1978 Chevrolet C65 truck..................................................................... $15,000 New Holland 1002 balewagon........................................... $5500

Tr easur e St at e Wood Boi l er s LLC Figure 2: Fixed- wing drone used for field mapping

ROTARY-WING (MULTI-ROTOR) DRONES The drones with multiple rotors (e.g., quadcopters, hexacopters) are highly maneuverable for easier takeoff and landings that can hover and fly at low altitudes for more precise data collection (Fig 3). The flight time for these drones is shorter (2040 minutes).

S P R AY I N G , S E E D I N G , A N D SPREADING DRONES With higher payload capacity, these drones are designed to perform variable rate applications and precisely apply pesticides, herbicides, and nutrients. Used for pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer applications, replacing traditional spraying methods.

Heavy-duty rotary-wing spraying drones can carry large payload. They also can be

COLORS

Miscellaneous Equipment

New Holland 1037 rebuilt late model slatted deck bale wagon...................... $43,500

ers for Headquart olland ALL New H arts p balewagon

1980 Ford 9000 20-ft. box with tarp........................... $17,500

Figure 4: Multi-rotor drone used for spray, spread and seeding

equipped with AI-powered spraying and terrain-following system for improving the efficiency of large-scale spraying. This approach can lower the labor costs and help to reduce chemical waste (Fig 4).

LIVESTOCK MONITORING DRONES These UAVs can be used for health monitoring, herd & livestock tracking and pasture assessment for improving the management.

Detailed breakdown of recommended drones for different applications UAVs can be equipped with different types of imaging sensors, used for aerial surveys to assess crop health and other related information, herd & livestock tracking that can cover large areas quickly capturing high-resolution imaging. The primary types of drone imagery cameras used in agriculture are as follows: • RGB (Red-Green-Blue), standard color images are like what human eyes see and can be used for aerial photography, mapping, visual inspection, surveying, media, and entertainment.

• Multispectral cameras can capture data in multiple spectral bands (typically visible and near-infrared). Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) index used in precision agriculture revealing information related to vegetation health, identifying crop stress, and soil moisture levels, is a product and example of captured data in multiple spectral bands.

• Hyperspectral imagery with hundreds of narrow spectral bands across the electromagnetic spectrum can be used for research in environmental monitoring, precision agriculture, pollution detection, and material identification. The high spectral resolution enables detailed material composition analysis.

• Thermal Infrared (TIR) imagery can provide temperature signature variations in objects and surfaces.

• Near-Infrared (NIR) imagery captures reflectance in the near-infrared spectrum can provide information related to vegetation health monitoring, water stress detection, and forest biomass analysis.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A24

New Holland 1033 bale wagon with full cab controls.

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Figure 3: Drones can be equipped with RGB, Multi-spectral, or Hyperspectral sessors.

Spring showers and garden buddies

By Carolyn Applegate, Nebraska Extension Master Gardener April Showers bring May Flowers! But what happens if you left your rain gauge inside? A watering tip to help determine your watering needs. If you are unsure how dry your soil is, insert a screwdriver. This will help determine the moisture content, not only by feeling the compaction but also seeing the soil particles that stick to the blade. If muddy, then water is likely being applied too often; if it’s dry and powdery, then it needs to be applied more frequently. So, stick it to your soil today.

Variety is the spice of life.

That can be said for your vegetable garden as well.

When planning your garden this spring, consider planting Tomatoes, basil, and marigolds together. Basil and marigolds may act as a pest deterrent for tomatoes, as well as encouraging pollinators and increasing diversity. So when planning and planting your garden this year mix it up.

Garden Buddies - Everyone needs a friend. Companion planting in garden beds is when two or more species are planted together in the same area. This is beneficial to both plants as it is designed to maximize growing space, discourage pests, improve soil structure, and encourage diversity.

Remember that choosing the right buddy is a win-win.

A Fairy Ring, unlike the name implies, is not a magical occurrence. This peculiar circle in the turf can take on many appearances. Fairy Rings sometimes show up as actual mushrooms in the lawn. Another form occurs when the grass grows a very healthy-looking circle randomly in the lawn, or even a circle of dead grass. Most of the time, a management practice can be altered to reduce disease issues, such as watering more uniformly or fertilizing differently.

Rotation, rotation, rotation, rotation. Consider putting your garden on a four-year rotation, as this is a great way to help your garden grow healthier. Rotating your garden breaks up soil fungi and bad nematode populations, feeds the soil with organic matter, as well as breaks up weed pressures.

It also helps the gardener think in a more holistic manner. Remember to rotate. ##### As if the declining health of my grandmother weren’t enough, my parents suddenly had to contend with an ant infestation. So I was glad to get a text from Mom updating me: “Exterminator was here; thinks she got the nest behind the microwave. She sprayed, and hundreds came out—dead and woozy. Grandma Marie the same.”

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A23

MOBILE AG REPAIR

• John Deere and Case/New Holland Computer Diagnostics • Pre-Harvest / Hay / Winter Inspection • General Mechanical Hydraulic Repair • A/C Repair • General Maintenance Serving Teton, Cascade and surrounding counties

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A24

The deadline for advertising for the June 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be May 28th.

Common aerial imagery used for crop assessment CONTINUED FROM PAGE A22

1998 JCB 409B Wheel Loader 74hp Perkins, enclosed cab, Q/C 68” bucket 1.3yd, 90% 365/80R20 tires, 2 spd travel, aux. hydraulics, 5400hrs.......... ....................................$21,500 1987 Freightliner FLC112 Tractor 350hp Cummins BC, Jake, 9spd, AC, PS, 60% 11r22.5’s, 38K rears, spring suspension, 160” W.B., air slide 5th, cab guard...........................$16,500 1992 Volvo WG Tractor 330hp N14, 9spd, Jake, AC, PS, 60% 11r22.5’s, 40K rears, spring suspension, 160” W.B., air slide 5th, cab guard.$17,500

Figure 5: A Multilayered Exploration of Imaging Technologies 1999 International 4700 5yd Dump 26K gvw, 210hp DT466e, 7spd, AC, AB, PS, 10-ft. dump box, runs and drives great........ ....................................$25,500 1992 Ford L9000 Water Truck 2500 gal. tank, PTO pump, front and rear spray, hose reel, 350hp ser. 60, 9spd., Locker, PS, AB, 50% 11r24.5’s, runs and sprays great..........$25,500 1996 Peterbilt 385 350hp Cat, 6spd. Allison, PTO, AC, PS, Jake, 14.6K front,40K rear on Chalmers, 17-ft. steel frame, 50% 11r24.5’s on aluminum, 429K miles..........$24,500 1999 International 8100 305hp C10 Cat, 10spd., PS, AB, PTO, 18K front, 40K rears, air ride, 17-ft. double frame, 90% 22.5 tires, 345K miles....... ....................................$15,500 2004 Chevrolet C4500 6.6 Duramax, PS, AC, AT, 90% 225r19.5 tires, 81K miles, 12ft. service body, 16K GVW. Runs and drives great.$15,500 1995 International 4900 Hi-Rail Crane Truck 210hp DT466, 10spd, AC, PS, AB,7.5 ton National crane exh. brake, 60% 22.5 tires, full rail gear, aux. hydraulics...$15,500 2005 JLG G6-42A 4x4x4 telehandler 6600 lbs. lift cap, 42-ft. lift height, JD 4045 turbo, 5600 hours, 4WD, Crab-Steering, 4 spd, powershift transmission, 48” Forks, 60% foam flled tires, weights 20K#, runs and works great............................$32,500 1991 Autocar 12-yard Dump 425 hp Cat 3406B, 18 spd., Jake, lift axle, full lockers, 15.5ft. box, 60% 11R24.5’s, 700K miles, pintle hitch, air gate, runs and drives great...$26,500 1997 Gradall 534C-10 Telehandler 4x4, 40’ lift height, 4BT Cummins, 7100 hrs, outriggers, 10K capacity, 60% 14.00x24 tires, runs and works great....... ....................................$29,500

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• LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensors use laser pulses to create detailed 3D point clouds of terrain and structures.

• Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery uses radar waves to penetrate clouds, vegetation, and even ground surfaces.

• Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) imagery with shortwave infrared light, useful for identifying materials and moisture content, can detect chemical compositions and moisture variations.

• Ultraviolet (UV) imagery uses UV radiation to detect surface changes and organic compounds that can reveal details invisible in visible light.

Each type of UAV imagery can be used for specific applications, depending on the sensor technology and intended analysis (Fig 5).

Future Work and Challenges

While aerial imagery is revolutionizing precision agriculture, data processing and handling vast amounts of data require advanced computing power and expertise.

Also, high-resolution satellite imagery and sophisticated drones can be expensive for small-scale farmers. Using drones is subject to following airspace regulations and limitations, in addition to adverse weather conditions and cloud cover that can affect image quality and data collection.

Despite these challenges, aerial imagery has a promising role in transforming precision agriculture by providing farmers with valuable information for optimizing farm production and improving environmental quality. By harnessing the power of drones, satellites, and AI-driven analytics, agriculture is moving toward a future of enhanced precision and productivity.

SD Century Farms & Ranches invited to apply for recognition The South Dakota Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources (DANR) and the South Dakota Farm Bureau (SDFB) are honored to recognize longstanding South Dakota family farms and ranches through the Century Farm and Ranch program at this year’s State Fair.

To qualify for the program, the applicant(s) must have retained continuous ownership of at least 80 acres of the original farmland for 100 years or more. If the family ownership has reached 125 or 150 years, families may apply for recognition as a Quasquicentennial or a Sesquicentennial farm or ranch.

Documentation of the original date of purchase must be included with the application.

Century Farm and Ranch program

application forms are available online at https://www.sdfbf.org/Get-Involved/ Century-Farms or by calling the SDFB at 605.353.8050.

The application deadline is Friday, August 1, 2025.

The South Dakota Farm and Ranch recognition program honors South Dakota families who have owned their farm or ranch for 100, 125 or 150 years. Century farms and ranches are celebrated annually at the South Dakota State Fair in Huron.

This year’s recognition event is being held on Thursday, August. 28 at 10 a.m. on the South Dakota Farm Bureau Dakotaland Stage.

MT Board of Hail Insurance approves refunds Montana farmers who bought state hail insurance in 2024 will receive a 10% refund of the premiums they paid. The Montana Board of Hail Insurance approved the refunds after reviewing the actuarial report at its Spring meeting in March.

In 2024, the Montana Department of Agriculture (MDA) issued 262 hail insurance policies covering 308,635 acres in 37 counties.

Additionally, at the Montana Board of Hail Insurance spring board meeting, the Board voted to keep 2025 premiums the

same as those charged in 2024.

Serving on the board are producers Chair William Von Bergen of Moccasin, Vince Mattson of Chester, and Jim Schillinger of Baker, Director of the Montana Department of Agriculture Jillien Streit, and Montana State Auditor James Brown.

For more information about state hail insurance or the Montana Board of Hail Insurance, please contact the Montana Department of Agriculture Hail Specialist at (406) 444-2402, by email at agr@mt.gov, or on our website at agr.mt.gov.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A25

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A26

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NON-CLIMB WIRE 4’ x 100’ .................................................$155.00 5’ x 100’ ................................................$166.00 6’ x 100’ .................................................$177.00 Prices for Stock On Hand through 5/31/25

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Conserving soil moisture during dry conditions

Hans Klopp, SDSU Extension Soil Health Field Specialist. Additional Authors: Anthony Bly Much of South Dakota is currently under drought conditions again, as in recent years. Therefore, it is very important to use farming methods that reduce soil water evaporation and increase water infiltration and soil water retention. Under drought conditions, these methods can help to optimize crop yields and provide adequate forage for livestock. Management practices that can help to do this include no-till or reduced tillage; keeping crop residues in the field and on the soil surface (soil armor); having a rotational grazing system; planting multiple crops in rotation; and applying organic amendments to the soil, such as manures, composts and biochar. Applying many of the soil health principles to your operation, including minimizing disturbance, keeping the soil covered, having multiple crops growing, and incorporating livestock (manure additions), can help to improve soil health indicators, including water retention and infiltration. The current USDA Drought Monitor for South Dakota is shown in Figure 1.

Skip Tilling the Soil Tilling the soil buries crop residue, destroys soil aggregates, and disrupts connected pores formed in the soil via soil organisms, old plant roots, and natural freeze/thaw and wet/dry cycles. Soils with medium to high clay contents form large cracks when very dry. Rainfall and snow melt can easily enter into these cracks and pores present and be stored in the plant rootzone. Tillage destroys these large cracks and pores and leads to reduced infiltration rate and water storage. Also, tilling the soil exposes dark soil to the surface. The dark soil absorbs more of the solar radiation from the sun and warms more than soil that is covered by lighter-colored crop residues. Warmer soils have greater water evaporation. Tilling the soil destroys soil aggregates and reduces soil organic matter content. Having greater soil organic matter content and a variety of aggregate sizes in the soil can increase water storage and infiltration compared to heavily tilled soil with mostly small aggregates (BlancoCanqui and Ruis 2018).

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Figure 2. Armor on soil surface of field where residues are left under no tillage compared to an adjacent field where soil is tilled, and residues are removed. (Courtesy: SD USDA/NRCS)

Leave Crop Residue in the Field Two side-by-side fields. The left is a no-till field with crop residue throughout and minimal erosion. The right is a tilled field with no surface cover and notable erosion throughout.

Removal of crop residues leads to similar negative impacts to soil health as tillage. Leaving crop residues on the soil surface provides armor and acts as an insulator on the soil surface. Crop residues are lighter in color compared to bare soil, which reduces the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the soil and keeps soil temperatures cooler compared to less residues covering soil surface. This leads to less evaporation of water occurring from the soil when there is adequate cover on the soil surface. Leaving crop residues in the field can increase soil organic matter, provide better habitat for soil organisms and improve soil properties, such as infiltration rate, aggregation, and water retention (Klopp and BlancoCanqui 2022). Therefore, more of the water from limited precipitation during a drought enters the soil and is available to plants. When harvesting crops, the combine should be set so it spreads residues to cover the full width of the combine head so there are similar amounts of residue spread on the soil surface. An example of plots next to each other where corn residue is removed versus retained is shown in Figure 2.

Plant Cover Crops Cover cropping is a commonly used practice to improve soil health. Planting cover crops can have advantages and disadvantages during dry conditions. The major disadvanCONTINUED ON PAGE A28

Simple steps now can make recovering from emergencies easier

K-State Research and Extension news service • For charging, also consider a portable With spring comes awareness of severe power pack. These are about the size of a weather – plus the need to plan ahead – and smartphone and allow you to charge a dethis year is no exception, said Jan Steen, vice anywhere from once to multiple times, community vitality specialist with K-State depending on the model and brand. Be Research and Extension. sure to keep the battery pack itself charged “We have insurance on our crops, vefor when you need it most. Some portable hicles and homes should disaster strike, but NOAA weather radios have hand cranks to how are we protecting our important data? generate power and a USB port to charge Digital photos and videos, documents, and your phone, which may be useful for longspreadsheets can be gone in a blink of an eye term power outages. in a tornado or flood – and fire or theft at any time of year,” said Steen, a co-coordinator of the Kansas Community Empowerment program and social media specialist.

Steen provided tips to prepare for a disaster, whether it’s a flooded basement in your own home or a community ravaged by fire: Take photos or videos of your property and valuables. This visual inventory can help with the insurance claim process and will make identifying items to replace easier. Be sure to back those photos or videos up and to update them when you purchase new items.

• Have an emergency plan. Know where to go in case of severe weather or fire.

• Have an emergency kit you can grab on your way to a storm shelter or as you exit for a safer place in case of fire or flood.

• Print paper copies of your most important documents. Business and household spreadsheets, insurance policies, bank account details, passports and drivers’ licenses. Put copies in your emergency kit or store offsite in a safe deposit box or with a family member. Add phone numbers of family and work contacts that aren’t memorized.

• Consider using a cloud storage service (Google Drive, OneDrive, Drop Box, etc.) and back up your files regularly. In the event your computer is damaged or stolen you’ll have access to the files you need from another computer, tablet, or phone.

• Perform regular backups to physical removable storage (thumb drives, secure digital or SD cards). These can be easily placed in your emergency kit or safe deposit box along with your paper copies.

• Have an extra phone charging cable and plug for your emergency kit. The power may be out where you are, but if you need to shelter elsewhere, you have a way to charge your phone for important calls or for filing insurance claims.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A27

MAINLINE PIPE FOR SALE

20) 10” x 30-ft. ringlock mainline............................ $180 ea 63) 8” x 30-ft. hook & latch, valve every 90-ft.... $127.50 ea 20) 6” x 30-ft. spring ball & knob, valve every 60-ft............. ............................................................................... $100 ea 21) 5” x 30-ft. spring ball & knob, valve every 60-ft..$85 ea

WHEELINES FOR SALE

3) 1/4 mile, 5-ft. wheelines with movers, Western 5” pipe..... .......................................................................... $4800 obo 1 /4 mile, 5-ft. wheelines, no mover...................... $3500 obo 11) 5”x40-ft. wheeline pipe..................................... $110 ea

CALL FOR INFORMATION

Meyers Yellowstone West Equipment 406-360-2121, Located in MIssoula

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A28

Conserving soil moisture during dry conditions CONTINUED FROM PAGE A26

•

Long Term Real Estate Mortgage Loans

•

Restructure of Existing Loans

tage of cover crops is they use soil water in addition to the main crops being grown. This may lead to reduced water availability for the crop planted following the cover crop.

However, cover crops can lead to increased soil surface cover and improve soil health. The improvement in soil health from cover crops can lead to greater water infiltration and storage (Koudahe et al., 2022). More soil cover can reduce water evaporation due to less adsorption of heat and residue insulating the soil. An example of what a field looks like with and without cover crops is shown in Figure 3. Changing termination timing of the cover crop may be necessary to reduce water uptake and reduced available soil water for the following cash crop. Terminating overwintering cover crops 2 to 3 weeks prior to planting can lead to reduced uptake of water by the cover crop compared to planting green.

However, this can lead to less cover present on the surface from the cover crop and improvements to soil health over the long term.

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Figure 3. Cover on soil surface where there is and isn’t rye cover crop planted following soybeans.

Have a Multiple Crop Rotation Certain crops produce more residue, use more water, and require higher levels of water during different times of the year. Crop species, such as soybeans, peas, dry beans, canola, and camelina, produce low amounts of crop residue. Crops like corn, wheat, oats, rye, and sorghum produce higher amounts of crop residue. Planting a majority of crops in the rotation that produce higher amounts of residue can lead to greater cover on soil surface. Multiple crops in rotation can improve soil health indicators, such as organic matter content, water storage, and infiltration. Including crops with differing water requirements will lead to more crops succeeding and your cropping system being more resilient to adverse weather conditions. Crops, such as sorghum, sunflowers, and wheat, have lower water requirements than crops such as corn or soybeans.

Add Organic Amendments to the Soil Soil organic matter is an essential material to create good soil structure. Soils with higher organic matter have greater pore space, water retention, aggregate stability, and infiltration rates. Adding organic materials to the soil, such as manures or compost, can help to increase soil organic matter content (Urra et al., 2019). This will allow there to be greater storage and infiltration of water in the soil. Organic materials can provide food for soil biology, which can further help to benefit soil health. This can include the method of grazing livestock on crop residues or cover crops. When grazing cover crops or grain crop residues in dry conditions, livestock should be removed when there is still adequate surface cover from crop residue or cover crops to ensure armor on soil surface. Having better soil health from organic amendment application can help to make soils and crops withstand dry climatic conditions better.

Use Methods to Improve Rangeland Soil Health South Dakota’s rangelands can also benefit from improved management during droughts. Having better soil health in rangelands can improve their production, especially during drought conditions (Brown &Herrick 2016). One method to improve the health of rangelands is through prescribed grazing, such as rotational or multi paddock grazing (Teaugue & Krueter 2020). This will increase the number of plant species that are growing in the grassland. More plants will keep more cover on the surface. Over time these practices will lead to improved soil health of the grazing land soils and greater water infiltration and storage. Keeping cover on rangelands and having more species of plants growing also should increase their production under dry conditions. Only stock the rangelands based on the amount of forage that is available for them to graze. Overgrazing rangelands can lead CONTINUED ON PAGE A30

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A29

(WI) Winner, SD 605-842-2040 (PI) Pierre, SD 605-224-1631 (PH) Philip, SD 605-859-2636

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SUNDANCE

2019 John Deere 560R Stk #85922 28,662 bales. Clean one owner John Deere 560R premium baler, loaded with mega-wide, hd components, net-wrap, bale pushbar, big tires, and hydraulic pickup lift. Will be serviced through our shop. Call with questions or for more information.................................... $30,900

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2022 John Deere 560M Stk #84343 2,650 Bales. Get ready for that haying season this year. Just like new shedded 2022 year 560m surface wrap and twine hay baler Only 2650 bales with moisture, megawide, pushbar, ready to go. This is an exceptionally clean baler that is as nice as you will find................................................ $53,500

2021 Pottinger Novacat A10 Stk #87687 Triple Mount Mowers Customer purchased unit 2023 with no use previously.

Includes all 3 mowers. Front unit is 10-ft. and rears are also 10-ft. each.... $49,500

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PHILIP 2012 John Deere W150 Stk #86480 Nice looking 2012 John Deere W150 windrower with a 180A auger head. Only 1,820 hours on the machine. 18-ft head.

New guards, sickles, and fingers before the season..................................$83,500 2020 John Deere 560M Stk #85988 9,877 Bales, equipped with Mega wide pickup, hydraulic pick up and net wrap only....... .................................................. $32,500

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2022 John Deere C400 Stk #86491 MoCo, 13-ft. cutting width, V10 steel roll conditioner, hydraulic tilt control and 2 pt hitch. This machine has been serviced. Price to sell as the tinwork is rough........................................ $24,000

2017 John Deere 1890 Stk #84284 & 84285 30-ft 1890 7.5 spacing, all run blockage, spoke gauge wheels 270 Bu. (120/150) hydraulic drive, regular rate (black) meter rolls, 12” conveyor, all weather tires........................$123,000!!

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2024 John Deere 412R (WI), Stk #88027, 364 Hours, 120-ft. 15”, ExactApply, Ultimate Visibility & Comfort Packages, Integrated Receiver, 4600 Display with AT & Extended Monitor............$519,900 2023 John Deere 616R (PH), Stk #87457, 352 Hours, 132-ft. 20”, Signature Edition, Carbon Fiber Booms, 480 & 650 Tires, Can Be Used Conventionally OR Pulsating ExactApply...............$635,000 2023 John Deere 616R (PH), Stk #87456, 416 Hours, 132-ft. 20”, Excellent Condition, Loaded with Options, Signature Edition, 480 & 650 Tires, Interior & Exterior Very Clean & Cared For.$635,000

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2023 John Deere L341 (WI), Stk #76463, 4240 Display, 3x4 Bale, Wide Pickup Reel, Preservative Applicator, Auto Greaser...................................$165,500 2023 John Deere 800R (PH), Stk #86312, 301 Hours, 70-ft. Boom, Signature Edition, Dual Product Bin with Granular, Integrated 7000 Receiver, Cat 1 Cab Filtration.............. $489,000 2018 John Deere L341 (SU), Stk #82818, 28,662 Bales, Lot Of Life Left, 2.5m Premium MegaWide Pickup, 1 ¾” PTO....... ..................................................$64,000

2022 Hagie STS12 (HA), Stk #86968, 850 Hours, 120-ft. 15”, Like New Unit, Available June, Ultimate Cab, Eductor, Side & Front Fill, Tall Crop Shields, Row Sense Feeliers........................$498,000 2022 John Deere 616R (PI), Stk #86207, 2,637 Hours, 120-ft. 15”, In Excellent Condition, Tires Nearly New, Premium Activation, Customer Keeps Wide Tires. ................................................$323,000

2021 John Deere R4038 (WI), Stk #84552, 2,243 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, Gen 4 Display, Premium 3.0 Activation, Premium CommandView III Cab, High-Flow Pump...... ................................................$249,000 2020 John Deere R4060 (PI), Stk #84515, 2,084 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, High-Flow Pump with Dual Flowmeter, Stainless Steel Eductor, Automatic Solution Control...........................................$347,000

2020 John Deere R4038 (PI), Stk #82155, 1,500 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, Excellent Condition & Came From Great Home, Stored Inside, ExactApply, Air Purge, Premium Activations................$309,000 2017 John Deere R4038 (BL), Stk #86859, 1,760 Hours, 100-ft. 20”, Auto Boom Level, Boom Air Purge, RH Fence Row Nozzle, New Rear 380/90R46 Tires........................................$204,500

2023 John Deere 800R (PI), Stk #86311, 301 Hours, 70-ft. Boom, Tires In Great Condition, Well Optioned, Signature Edition, Dual Product Bin with Granular......................................... $489,000

2023 John Deere 800R (WI), Stk #86779, 1,283 Hours, Nice 1 Owner with Hagie LS20 Liquid System, Signature Cab, StarFire 7000 Receiver, 2,000 Gallon Tank................ $399,000

WINDROWERS

2023 John Deere W235M (WI), Stk #88604, 241 Hours, 16-ft. Width, V10 Steel On Steel Conditioner, Rolls Still Have Paint On Them.................................... $184,900

2021 John Deere W235 (HA), Stk #82934, 1,255 Hours, 16-ft. Width, V10 Steel Conditioner, Will Be Serviced & Field Ready... ................................................... $159,900

2016 John Deere R4038 (WI), Stk #86063, 2,065 Hours, 120-ft. 15”, 5 Way Nozzle Bodies, Boom Air Purge, Boomtrac Pro, Fence Row Nozzle, 2630 with AT........... ................................................$199,900 2013 John Deere 4940 (PI), Stk #85381, 2,725 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, High-Flow, 5 Way Nozzle Body, Air Suspension, Boomtrac, 2630 Display with AutoTrac & Section Control........................$149,500 2006 RoGator SS1074 (HA), Stk #87978, 4,423 Hours, 100-ft. 15”, Nice Looking Unit, 3 Way Nozzle Bodies, Eductor, 1,100 SS Tank, Always Shedded........... ..................................................$41,500 South Dakota: Winner (605) 842-2040 • Pierre (605) 224-1631 Philip (605) 859-2636 • Beresford (605) 763-5020 Belle Fourche (605) 892-2621 Wyoming: Sundance (307) 283-2971 Nebraska: Wayne (402) 375-3325 Bloomfield (402) 373-4449 Hartington (402) 254-3908

2018 New Holland Speedrower 220 (WI), Stk #88138, 1,474 Hours, 16-ft. Conditioner Showing Very Little Wear, Blades Will Be Replaced........................ $104,900

2018 John Deere W235 (BF), Stk #87149, Only 750 Hours, 16-ft. Width, Well Maintained, Conditioners In Good Shape, Standard Cab.................................... $155,000 2018 John Deere W235 (WI), Stk #87966, Only 756 Hours, Turtles Some Wear But Can Make 1 More Season, 16-ft. Head, No Globe.......................................... $154,900

2024 John Deere 561M (WI), Stk #88201, 2,741 Bales, Clean, HD Components, Grease Bank, Netwrap Only..........$62,000 2024 John Deere 561M (WI), Stk #87960, 1,900 Bales, Netwrap Only, Moisture Sensor, Bale Scale, Gen 5e Monitor...... ..................................................$58,000 2023 John Deere 560R (PI), Stk #84801, 3,000 Bales, Very Nice Unit & Low Bale Count.........................................$59,900 2023 John Deere 560M (BE), Stk #86554, 5,091 Bales, Only Baled Alfalfa, Big Tires, Kick Bar, Hydraulic Pickup, Grease Bank, 1000 PTO...........$46,500 2023 John Deere 560M (WI), Stk #86904, 2,319 Bales, Used One Season & Wanted New Style, Built In Scale, Netwrap Only...........................................$53,900

2023 John Deere 560M (HA), Stk #84412, 2,500 Bales, Netwrap Only, Grease Bank, Oiler, Netwrap Door Lights, Push Bar.............................................$53,900 2022 John Deere 560M (SU), Stk #83684, 6,255 Bales, Big Tires, MegaWide, Cover Edge Net, Pushbar, Used 1 Season.. ..................................................$46,500 2021 John Deere 560M (WI), Stk #88024, 8,000 Bales, Did Grass & Cane, Twine & Wrap, 21.5-16.1 Tires, Push Bar............ ..................................................$39,000 2021 John Deere 560M (BE), Stk #83992, 7,688 Bales, 1 Owner, Auto Oiler For Chains, Always Shedded & Blown Off.... ..................................................$37,900 2020 John Deere 560R (WI), Stk #83775, 8,209 Bales, Priced As Is No Work, Used On Alfalfa & Grass Hay, MegaWide Pickup, Netwrap Only.......$36,900 2020 John Deere 560R (PI), Stk #84800, 9,000 Bales, Just Been Promo’d, Push Bar, MegaWide Pickup, Tires, Belts & Teeth Are All Good.....................$36,900

2019 John Deere 560R (SU), Stk #85922, 10,615 Bales, MegaWide, HD Components, Netwrap, Pushbar, Big Tires, Will Be Serviced...............................$30,900 2018 John Deere 560M (HA), Stk #85984, 18,719 Bales, Big Tires, Hydraulic Pickup, Netwrap & Twine, Bale Kicker.......... ..................................................$25,500

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A30

If you have items you want advertised in the June 2025 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is May 28th.

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By Aaron Berger, Nebraska Extension Livestock Systems Educator For cattle producers who rely on wells in pastures and rangelands, water checks are typically conducted daily or every other day to ensure a consistent water supply. When problems occur with a water source, time is limited to resolve the issue, haul water, or move the cattle to another location where water is available. Promptly knowing when a problem arises is essential. Two technologies are available that can significantly reduce the time and cost associated with checking water and identifying potential problems.

Remote cameras that communicate with mobile devices by utilizing cellular service are widely available. This technology allows a producer to program a camera to take pictures of a water tank at different times of the day or on demand. These pictures can then be automatically sent to a smartphone or other mobile device using email or text and viewed to see if a problem is occurring with a water source.

If the level in the water tank is not where it should be, the caretaker will be notified. Solar panels for charging batteries can be added to remote cameras to reduce the frequency of batteries needing to be replaced. For areas with poor cellular signals, external, high-gain antennas can boost signal reception. Companies are available to help producers identify the equipment and data plan they will need and set up the cameras and the monitoring system. Remote cameras can not only save time and travel, but they can also give peace of mind and freedom.

Another technology available to producers who utilize pipelines to deliver water is the use of remote pressure sensors and water level monitors. These sensors can transmit pressure readings via cellular signals to mobile devices, allowing for constant monitoring of water pressure on a pipeline. When water pressure falls outside an identified acceptable range, a notification is sent to alert the user to the potential problem. This is especially valuable for producers who depend on a consistent, large volume of water to be delivered to cattle when there is minimal storage capacity at the tank. Should a well go down, electricity shut off, or a float come off at the tank, this monitoring system can quickly alert the person supervising the system.

Remote sensing technology paired with cellular service also allows for monitoring of water levels in storage tanks.

Utilizing ultrasonic level sensors, measurements can be programmed to be taken at different times of the day and have these measurements delivered to a mobile device. This allows constant monitoring of water levels in a storage tank.

Water is crucial to the health and performance of cattle.

Being able to quickly identify when a problem occurs gives producers the opportunity to respond rapidly to correct the issue. While these technologies won’t be a perfect fit for everyone, being able to check water from afar can save time and money, shorten downtime, and provide peace of mind for those caring for cattle.

Conserving soil moisture during dry conditions CONTINUED FROM PAGE A28

$45,500

(3) Great Dane 28-ft. dry van trailers ranging from 2003 to 2006

Cameras and cellular technology: Checking water from afar

630,000 miles, Paccar 405hp, 18 speed Eaton transmission, 12k fronts, 40k rears with double lockers, 13k L/A, Herd Slam Latch bumper, engine block and clutch replaced 130k miles ago in Sept of 2023, engine and clutch paperwork available. Runs and drives great

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to compaction issues and high amounts of bare soil. This can lead to a degradation of soil health and biology living in rangeland soils. Animals should be removed from rangeland pastures when there is still some cover present on the surface.

Ensuring more cover on the soil surface can help to keep rangeland functioning good functioning in ever-changing weather conditions.

Summary Dry conditions can create difficulties for agricultural producers. Using many of the soil health principles can improve the resilience of agricultural systems to dry conditions.

Healthy soils have better water infiltration and storage compared to unhealthy soils, which makes the soil more resilient to dry conditions. Keeping an adequate level of cover on the soil surface also helps to reduce evaporation of water from the soil. Practices, such as minimizing disturbance, leaving cover on the surface, and having multiple species of plants growing, can help to optimize crop and forage production in dry conditions.

Moles on the move: Traps are most effective control method

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A31

TRACTOR & PLOW FOR SALE 1980 John Deere 8440 4WD, 215 hp, 18.4x38 duals, 8 ply. Runs good, comes with JD 6-bottom plow.

$20,000 K-State Research and Extension news service Phone (307) 899-2545, Lovell, WY (photo available) profile, or when using choker-style traps, Considering they spend most of their begin by excavating soil, then place the trap time underground, it may seem surprising in the run. Choker traps are directional, so the damage that moles do above ground. two traps will be needed; one trap will be As they forage for food, moles are known placed in each section of the run leading to make travel lanes that cause meandering away from the opening that you created. paths of upheaved soil in home lawns and • Choker traps should be staked, so that farmsteads. Moles do not feed on plant captured moles cannot escape with the trap. matter, but they can still cause damage by Replace loose soil. disturbing roots and uprooting small plants.

• When placing scissor or harpoon mole Some tunnels may be abandoned soon traps in deep runs, an obstruction should be after they’re built, while others are used for made by packing soil in the center of the run a period of time. below the trigger. Place the trap in the run Kansas State University wildlife expert with the triggering mechanism centered, Drew Ricketts said homeowners have come and replace loose soil so that moles are not up with many remedies – chewing gum, scared away by the opening you have crenoisemakers, broken glass, bleach, windated in the run. mills and human hair among them – but Allis Chalmers tractors Ricketts suggests moving the traps if no none have provided consistent or reliable 4W305, 4W220, D21, 220, 8010-8070 mfwd moles are caught within three days. control.

An instructional video on identifying “Poison baits also fail to work because Any condition considered mole damage, active runs, and placing mole moles feed on earthworms and grubs, not Phone Nathan at 701-240-5737 or traps can be found online at https://youtube/ vegetable matter,” Ricketts said. “Even 1-800-735-5846, email: swensonrv@srt.com Vjclip2li1s. grub control products are ineffective because they do not control earthworms,” which are an important food source for moles.

Grim as it may sound, traps are the best control method for moles, according to Ricketts.

“There are three types of traps: harpoon, choker and scissor-jawed,” he said.

“Each can be effective but Graze may take some time to maser Yearl 1500 ain P ter.”

G 28 Ton Silage f o ) .

He offered the following 130 A ings on a .5 lbs(69% TDN* 3 Pasco, WA c advice: Day t. Cattle for 30re Pivot • Because moles use some 5-7 w Days tunnels more than others, use a broomstick or similar * Jesse Norcutt, Currant, NV item to create test holes in a number of runs. Check a day Greenway Seeds Grazing Corn (GX80) is the No. 1 grazing corn in the nation later to see which runs have because it is 5-6 days earlier than the competition. been repaired. These are the This allows the rancher to plant 5-6 days later and still reach peak active runs.

• Place a trap in an acsugar content (pre tassel) before the frost shuts you down! tive run. When runs are shallow and have less than an inch soil between the top of the run and soil surface, scissor and harpoon Plant with a grain drill following second cutting on an older field alfalfa. Ready to graze in early September. style traps may be placed into the run from above “We planted GX80 following second cut alfalfa. If we had to do that over we would follow third cut. We grazed 400 head for without excavating the run. two weeks on 20 acres” Cory Veterre - Greenriver, Utah • Center the trap over the run so that the jaws of a scissor trap are straddling the run or Casey Calvin - Monte Vista, CO the prongs of a harpoon trap We grazed lambs on GX80. They ate it all the way to the ground. Unbelievable! (See website for photos) are centered over the run.

Crawford Cattle - Winnemucca, NV • Use a masonry trowel or Planted mid July, it was way over our heads. We were surprised as to how long we were able to graze. We also baled some of it. We’re other flat blade to create buying again. an obstruction-free path Cory Miller - Grass Valley Farm, Missoula, MT for harpoons or trap jaws We planted our GX80 under wheel lines and watered heavily. This was key as the corn grew 7ft tall! to freely pass through.

Tom Kerns for Mike Becker Ranch - Baker, OR • Create an obstruction We were able to carry 14 A.U.M.’s per acre with our late season grazing of GX80. in the run by depressing FREE SWEET CORN Jesse Norcutt - Currant, NV the loose soil in the top We cut and baled the GX80 at pre-tussel. It was fed to 5-7 wt. cattle, and they gained 31/2 lbs/day SEED WITH ORDERS! of the run where the trap trigger will be located.

“Modern Forages Sold • While holding up on the Alan Greenway back of the trigger of a Nationwide And Canada” Seedsman scissor trap or the dog of a Over 50 Years Experience harpoon trap, press the trap Greenway Seeds G R E E N WAY S E E D S down into the run so that the Caldwell, ID w w w. g r e e n w a y s e e d . c o m trigger mechanism is resting Alan Greenway on the obstruction in the top 208-250-0159 (cell) Warehouses in Caldwell, ID and Deerfield, WI 208-454-8342 (message) of the run.

• When runs are deeper than one inch in the soil

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HERE’S WHAT RANCHERS ARE SAYING

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A32

WANTED

Local MT private collector in search of 1967-1979 Ford F250 4x4.

Prefer a nice original, but will consider others.

If you’ve got one sitting in the quonset or out on the back forty, give me a call or text on 4O6-465-71O2 and let’s talk.

Will pay top dollar for the right truck.

THANKS!

The right tools for the job.

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211 N Montana St. Dillon, MT (406) 683-5197

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Lakeland Feed and Supply is a full-line feed manufacturer, fertilizer blender and supplier of agriculture goods and services. We also blend lawn, pasture, reclamation and wildlife seed mixes on site and we stock a wide selection of pet foods & animal health products. Utilizing local grains and supporting area growers allows us to create a circle of sustainable agriculture, while providing the highest quality products.

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Using irrigation scheduling tools to save water without sacrificing yield

By Bruno Lena - Extension Educator

Results from a series of UNL field trials in 2024 that compared traditional irrigation practices with datadriven scheduling tools highlight the potential for smarter irrigation to boost sustainability and reduce costs on the farm.

Key Takeaways Water Savings: In a 2024 Nebraska On-Farm Research Network field study using a commercial irrigation scheduling tool, researchers found tool-managed areas used less water than grower-managed areas.

Yield and Profitability: Despite reduced water use, there were no significant differences in yields or marginal net returns between the standard method and scheduling Figure 1. Irrigation scheduling trial in Platte County, showing pivot zones managed by the grower and by the scheduling tool. tool method.

Decision-Making Support: the FieldNET™ system by Lindsay enabled Scheduling tools help integrate complex variable irrigation rates using speed control. factors (soil type, crop stage, weather, etc.), This allowed each section of the pivot to making irrigation decisions more dataapply different amounts of water based on driven and consistent. the respective management approach, based Irrigation scheduling tools can help growon a speed control variable rate irrigation. ers reduce water use while maintaining crop Table 1 summarizes the results. On yields. In 2024, the Nebraska On-Farm average, the grower-managed sectors reResearch Network (OFRN) highlighted ceived 5.2 inches of irrigation during the this potential through a series of irrigation2024 growing season. In comparison, the focused trials. tool-managed sectors used 1.2 inches less Nebraska OFRN offers growers a chance water. Corn fields saw an average savings to test new management practices on their of 1.5 inches, while soybean fields saved own farms in collaboration with extension about 0.9-inch. Despite the reduced water educators. The goal was to find ways to use, yields and marginal net returns were reduce input costs and sustain or enhance statistically the same between the two apcrop production — all while supporting proaches — meaning growers could potenenvironmental stewardship. By using reptially reduce irrigation without sacrificing licated, field-scale research, OFRN trials profitability. provide growers with data-driven insights Irrigation decisions are influenced by that can encourage the adoption of proven multiple factors, including soil type, soil alternative practices. water holding capacity, crop growth stage, A key focus in the 2024 growing season crop water use, weather conditions and was a set of four irrigation scheduling tripumping capacity among others, which can als — three in Platte County and one in make irrigation decision complex. Using an Butler County. These trials compared the irrigation scheduling tool helps integrate growers’ standard irrigation decisions with these variables, promoting more consistent those made using a commercial irrigation and data-driven irrigation management. scheduling tool. Two trials were conducted The results can be found in the 2024 on soybeans and two on corn. In each case, On-Farm Research Results book (pages half of a center pivot was used for the tri189-192). Feel free to contact Bruno Lena als. Three replications were managed using at (402) 563-4901 for more information. the grower’s usual approach, and the three Note: Marginal net return based on $11/ sections used the scheduling tool to guide bu soybeans, $8/ac cost for irrigation schedThe results can Research Results The results can be be found found in in the the 2024 2024 On-Farm On-Farm Research Results book book [https://on-farmirrigation decisions. uling tool technology, and [https://on-farm$6/ac-in water. research.unl.edu/research-results/2024-research-results-book-pdf] (pages 189-192). Feel free to research.unl.edu/research-results/2024-research-results-book-pdf] (pages 189-192). free to Figure 1 shows an example of one trial in Values with the same letter Feel are not significontact Bruno at 563-4901 more information. contact BrunoALena Lena (mailto:bpatiaslena2@unl.edu) at (402) (402) 563-4901 for more information.

Platte County. center(mailto:bpatiaslena2@unl.edu) pivot equipped with cantly different at afor 90% confidence level.

Table Table 1.

1. Total Total irrigation, irrigation, crop crop yield yield and and marginal marginal net net return for return for the the two two irrigation irrigation scheduling scheduling decisions decisions (growers (growers vs. vs. irrigation irrigation scheduling scheduling tool) tool) at at four four fields. fields.

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Mean Yield Mean Yield (bu/ac) (bu/ac)

Net Return Net Return ($/ac) ($/ac)

Grower's Grower's Decision Decision

5.80 5.80

168 A 168 A

723 A 723 A

Tool Tool

4.05 4.05

168 A 168 A

722 A 722 A

Grower's Grower's Decision Decision

5.50 5.50

327 A 327 A

1408 A 1408 A

Tool Tool

4.25 4.25

323 A 323 A

1400 A 1400 A

Grower's Grower's Decision Decision

4.80 4.80

86 A 86 A

933 A 933 A

Tool Tool

3.50 3.50

87 A 87 A

941 A 941 A

Grower's Grower's Decision Decision

4.80 4.80

93 A 93 A

1001 A 1001 A

Tool Tool

4.35 4.35

91 A 91 A

989 A 989 A

Treatment Treatment

Field 1 - Corn Field 1 - Corn

Field 2 Field 2 Corn Corn

Field 1 Field 1 Beans Beans

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Total irrigation Total irrigation (in) (in)

Field Field

Field 2 Field 2 Beans Beans

Note: Marginal net return based on $11/bu soybeans, $8/ac cost for irrigation scheduling tool technology, and $6/ac-in water. Values Note: Marginal net return based on $11/bu soybeans, $8/ac cost for irrigation scheduling tool technology, and $6/ac-in water. Values with the same letter are not significantly di"erent at a 90% confidence level. with the same letter are not significantly di"erent at a 90% confidence level.

Study on ag cooperative impact in SD, ND and MN

South Dakota State University Extension has published a study on the economic impact of agricultural cooperatives in the Upper Midwest.

The study examines the economic consequences if the Section 199A tax deduction expires. Section 199A provides tax relief to agricultural cooperatives, aiming to boost rural communities. The deduction, introduced as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, is scheduled to expire at the end of 2025.

By looking at three years of data, the study determined that the tax relief can lead to substantial economic activity from spending by cooperative members. Matthew Elliott, SDSU Extension Agribusiness Specialist and associate professor in the SDSU Ness School of Management and Economics, said that could be through reinvesting in the business, cutting costs for customers or boosting employee wages.

Elliott and Frayne Olson, a professor and director of the Quentin Burdick Center of Cooperatives at North Dakota State University, surveyed 19 cooperatives across South Dakota, North Dakota and Minnesota. He said this survey focused on just three states to provide accurate data for South Dakotans, North Dakotans and Minnesotans.

Because agriculture is South Dakota’s number one economic driver, the survey helped pinpoint the role that the Section 199A tax deduction plays. The survey found that the cooperatives generated $1.25 billion in economic impact in 2022, $255.4 million of that in South Dakota from dollars reported as 199A. “A lot of the sales dollars and jobs in our local communities are really dominated by activity at the local cooperative,” he said. “Policies like 199A g allow more dollars to remain in rural areas, which can help stimulate rural economic activity.”

For more information, read the full study, “Evaluating the Economic Consequences of Possible Section 199A(g) Expiration of Agricultural Cooperatives in the Upper Midwest” or contact Matthew Elliott, SDSU Extension Agribusiness Specialist.

##### Hiking the entire 2,174 mile Appalachian Trail takes an average of 5 to 7 months. ##### The Bentley Subglacial Trench is 8,383 feet below sea level - the lowest dry location on Earth.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A33

AIR DRILL FOR SALE

2006 John Deere 1910/1820 53-ft. air drill, 12” spacing 3/4” openers, Iso and variable rate, TopCon X35 controller optional, All Run Intelligent Ag blockage. Drill is excellent for age, cart meter boxes have been replaced. Can send pictures and video. Simple and affordable.......... $27,000 Phone (406) 899-2182

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NOTE: This is a PARTIAL LIST of the auction items ... full sale bill will be published in the June issue.

Art & Lori Pearson Retirement Auction Thursday • June 26, 2025 2787 Primrose Road No. Conrad, MT

TRUCKS / VEHICLES

• 1967 Chevy 3/4 ton 4x4 with Handi sprayer • 1989 Ford L-9000, 330 Cummins with sprayer • 1984 Ford F-250 351 Cleveland, 4x4 with fuel tank • 1967 Ford F-250 service body pickup with fuel tank • 1965 Chevy 1/2 ton 4x4, 292-6 cyl, wood flatbed • 2 — 1973 Ford F-600 330 V-8 • 1971 Ford F-600, 390 bored w/ raised cam • 1988 KW T600 tandem, 3406 B engine, ITB grain box • 1951 Plymouth Cranbrook, 4-door car, nice car

MACHINERY/MOWERS

• Haybuster highlift rock picker with windrow reel • 8-yard Heil scraper/earth mover, works • 30’ Barber spreader w/ 2 sizes of metering screws • 2 — JD No. 5 sickle mowers in good shape • Kawasaki Mule w/ 13,475 miles • Backhoe attachment, 3-pt., works great • 1956 D6 Catepillar, glow plugs, runs good

Farmall C Tractor

AUGERS

TRACTORS

• JD 8760, 300 hp, 4,816 hours, new radial tires • JD 8440, 175 hp, 8,910 hours • “A” Farmall w/ sidemount mower, runs well • Farmhand F-11 mounted on M-Farmall w/ hydraulics • 3 — Antique 1530 McCormick Deering tractors

COMBINES / ATTACHMENTS

• 1680 Case IH, 3,761 hours, 30 ft. header • 1460 IHC, 4,574 hours, bigger motor, 24 ft. header • 810 pick-up header w/ Victory pick-up attachment • 24’ and 30’ Crary Air Reels

DRILLS / PLOWS

• 2007 Morris Air Drill w/ 240 cart, low acres • 2 — 14-ft. 150 drills, all shafts free • Van Brunt disc drill 12’ • Gysler 36’, limited shanks - used as a rodweeder • Gysler 40’, shanks on 18” centers for Anhy. Amonia

Rite Way Coil Packer

1988 KW T-600

1680 Case IH Combine

• Sakundiak 7”x41’ • Westgo (load out) 7”x35’ • Bergen 10”x60’ with hydraulic lift • Yellow Bergan 10”x60’

TOOLS

• Blacksmiths vice • 4 — 1,000 gal. Fuel tanks, 1 w/ no stand • 1,000 gal. Water tank, metal, no chemical • DeWalt 12” radial arm saw with new carbide blades • Cabinet sandblaster • Portable / tank sandblaster • Large Jet drill press, 24” table • Multiple hydraulic jacks, up to 30-ton • 2-ton floor jack • 2 — 3/4” Drills, one in a press • OxyPropane cutting torch set with cart • Puma air compressor with 5-hp. Honda motor • Brand new JD Battery Charger/Booster, 100+ amp • Milwaukee cut off saw, 14” • Toro snowblower, 120 volt start • Large Hobart meat grinder • 2 — 10 packs of 14” abrasive cut off wheels • Heavy duty hand winch • 3-pt. Post hole auger

8760 John Deere Tractor

MISC / ANTIQUES

• WWI wheelbarrow-type air compressor • Fencing supplies • 2 — Hog feeders • Pearson auto catch head catch for cattle • Bundles of railroad ties • Dimensional lumber, 2”x4”, 2”x6”, 1”x6” • Metal hanger building, disassembled • Rebar — approx. 100 sticks, 30-ft long of 1/2”; and other sizes and lengths • Culvert — 2’x10’ and 2’x12’ with coupler • 50-gal. drum lift cart • Solo backpack sprayers • Overhead 3-wire electrical wire • 22 bushel tote of Longmier treated seed Wheat • Other bulk seed grains

HOUSEHOLD ITEMS • Couch • Loveseat • Window air conditioner

For any questions, please contact Art Pearson at 406-403-1683 Zane Drishinski at 406-289-0514 or Gerald Miller at 406-289-0510.

Flying D Auction

Zane Drishinski (406) 289-0514 Gerald Miller (406) 289-0510

McCormick Deering Tractor

2007 Morris Air Drill w/ cart

1956 D6 Catepillar

Not responsible for accidents or lost or stolen merchandise. This is a partial listing of sale items.

Auction Company or advertising counsel will not be held responsible for advertising inaccuracies.

Anything said or done on sale day will take precedence over all sale bills.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A34

Curbing dairy emissions

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University of Idaho’s new Extension air quality specialist, Gilbert Miito, grew up on a mid-sized dairy — at least by the standards of the village of Masaka in central Uganda.

Each morning, Miito and his three brothers awoke at 6 a.m. to milk and tend to their family’s six dairy cows. The boys would bike throughout the countryside in search of tall grass, which they swathed with sickles and pedaled to their corral to feed the herd.

The rustic dairy of Miito’s childhood contrasts starkly with the state-of-the-art University of Idaho facility where he’ll soon be conducting research to help the state’s dairy industry characterize and curb its greenhouse gas emissions. The Idaho Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (Idaho CAFE) will be the largest research dairy in the U.S. when it starts milking operations in Rupert in early 2026. CAFE will initially house 400 cows and will gradually grow its capacity to accommodate a herd of up to 2,500 animals.

In Uganda, a typical “big” dairy has about 10 cows, while a small dairy might simply comprise a couple of cows tethered to trees, with most of the milk used for home consumption.

“Having animals is a source of prestige in Uganda,” Miito said. “The milk is amazing. It’s very organic — natural, grassfed.”

Miito began working at U of I’s Twin Falls Research and Extension Center on Jan. 6, having completed his undergraduate education in his home country before moving to the Pacific Northwest to earn a doctorate in biological systems engineering from Washington State University, where he researched manure management and emissions. He accepted a postdoctoral research position at the University of Missouri, also working with manure management systems. He then returned to the West to accept a position with a private company in California, BioFiltro, where he designed, built and supervised the assembly of biological treatment systems using worms and microorganisms to filter liquid dairy waste.

When he saw a posting for the UI Extension position, Miito was enticed both by the perfect fit to put his experience and skills to use and the opportunity to work at a world-class research dairy.

“There is a lot of buzz around dairy farms and emissions, so there is a lot of opportunity around that,” Miito said. “The fact that we have CAFE as a research center, I think that improves our chances of getting a lot of these research grants.”

The second phase of construction of CAFE — including the maternity barn, research barn, commodity storage, lagoons and an office building with classrooms — is now underway and Miito has begun gathering baseline emissions data from the CAFE site. His work will focus on identifying best practices for managing, transporting, storing and using manure to minimize emissions of greenhouse gases such as methane. He’s also teamed up with U.S. Department of Agriculture researchers in Kimberly to aid in federal dairy emission studies.

Some of the collaborative projects with USDA have involved working with private, commercial dairymen. He’s also helped the federal agency research emissions from manure spread over research plots and lagoon water applied via pivots.

“Right now, we are doing a whole-farm study, getting to understand all of the processes on a dairy farm and how they contribute to emissions to understand the hot spots on a dairy farm and then do some mitigations to test,” Miito said.

Most dairy emissions come from the combination of enteric emissions — essentially methane and ammonia in cow belches resulting from fermentation of feed in the rumen — and emissions from dairy manure. Regarding enteric emissions, Miito plans to evaluate various feed additives to change cows’ biochemistry to minimize emissions. He also intends to study a few options to minimize emissions from lagoons, such as trapping emissions and flaring them off and adding sulfuric acid to chemically change lagoon water and reduce ammonia emissions.

Separating solid and liquid waste is another proven strategy to reduce emissions. Miito intends to study the environmental benefits of more frequent cleaning of solids from dairy lagoons, as well as the use of improved technology for separating dairy liquids and solids.

Animal housing practices also affect dairy emissions.

Miito will research how the designs of barns and ventilation systems affect emissions, as well as benefits to be gained through regular cleaning of pens.

In addition to conducting important research to help the dairy industry address forthcoming challenges, Miito views himself as an advocate for the industry and a voice of reason in communicating the realities of the industry to the public.

“I am a link between the science and all of the noise out there, so I can easily tell whoever is making that noise, ‘Hey, this is how the numbers look. We need the dairy production.

This is a byproduct and this is how we can deal with it.’”

2024/25 U.S. sorghum crop graded at No. 1 certification The U.S. Grains Council (USGC) released its 2024/25 Sorghum Quality Report in March 2025 and for the sixth year in a row, U.S. sorghum was, on average, graded above the necessary requirements for U.S. No. 1 certification.

“The Council’s mission is to develop markets, enable trade and improve lives, and what better way to support that mission than to offer transparent reports on grain quality as a service to our partners worldwide to empower them to make the best purchasing decisions,” said Verity Ulibarri, USGC chairwoman. “We hope it provides valuable information about the quality of U.S. sorghum to the U.S. industry’s valued overseas customers and end-users who count on our products every day.”

The report, funded through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service Agricultural Trade Promotion (USDA-FAS) program and the United Sorghum Checkoff Program (USCP), provides international customers and other interested parties accurate, unbiased information about the 2024/25 U.S. sorghum crop.

Data was drawn from 95 samples collected from 15 participating elevators in the central and southern regions of the U.S., an area representing nearly 100 percent of all U.S. sorghum exports.

The samples were collected by the Amarillo Grain Exchange and analyzed at the Grain Quality Testing Lab at Kansas State University’s Grain Science Department, where scientists calculated averages and standard deviations for each quality factor tested and reported results for the U.S. aggregate.

Total sorghum damage came in at 0.3 percent in the aggregate and no heat damage was observed in the samples. Kernel diameter, an indicator of maturity and resiliency, was similar to last year and the five-year average of previous studies.

Additionally, tannins were absent from the sorghum samples for the sixth year in a row and starch and oil content both increased from last year’s crop.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A35

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A36

Starter fertilizer When is it needed?

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By Javed Iqbal - Extension Nutrient Management and Water Quality Specialist The best time to use starter is when the field is deficient in one or more nutrients.

As planting season begins, farmers often question if starter fertilizer is providing yield and economic benefits. Starter fertilizer is defined as fertilizer applied with the specific purpose of helping the plants acquire more nutrients early in the season. This is in addition to the fertilizer used in the nutrient management program that is based on deficiency correction/sufficiency approaches.

There are two main reasons to use a starter: The best reason is when soil tests indicate the field is deficient in one or more nutrients, and these nutrients are relatively easy to apply with the planter.

The field to be planted is covered with more than 70% residue and you expect the soil to be cool and wet.

Additionally, back when most growers cultivated, starter made the young corn plants taller and greener quicker, which allowed cultivation to occur earlier in the season, and resulted in better weed control. Also, phosphorus applied with the planter helps the plants mature earlier which can also result in drier corn.

If starter is going to be placed near the seed, be sure the dose will not hurt germination and stand establishment. (See the NebGuide G361, “Using Starter Fertilizers for Corn, Grain Sorghum, and Soybeans”.)

If the soil test levels for the starter nutrients are greater than the critical value for these nutrients, starter will probably not help yields, especially on fine-textured soils (Wortmann et al., 2005). Spending time loading the starter material and making sure all the equipment is working may take valuable time during planting.

Grower Research with Starter Fertilizer in Corn From 1995 to 2019, farmers working with the Nebraska On-Farm Research Network conducted 35 studies looking at starter fertilizer on corn. The results of these studies can be found in the Results Finder database. Some were in the same field for a number of years, others moved around.

Various starter materials were evaluated, and not all studies reported soil test P levels.

Eighteen of the studies compared a 10-34-0 starter fertilizer in the range of 4-6 gal/ac to a no starter check (Figure 1). Soil P levels were between 4 and 35 ppm; not all studies reported the specific P extractants used. Here we report crop yield response across range of soil P levels: For soils with P soil tests at or below 10 ppm there was an average yield increase of 14.3 bu/ac due to the starter (four sites).

For soils with P soil tests of 10-20 ppm there was an average increase of 2.6 bu/ac (five sites).

For soils with P soil tests of 20-35 ppm, there was an average increase of 0.3 bu/ac (nine sites).

When all the data were combined, regardless of soil test values, there was an average increase of 4 bu/ac.

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Figure 1. The effect of starter fertilizer on corn yield in Nebraska counties. The yield difference is between the average of the starter treatments and the no-starter treatment.

This analysis disregards statistical analysis. Of the 18 studies, only five had statistically significant differences. Of these five, the average yield increase was 12 bu/acre and the average soil test P level was 9 ppm.

Grower Research with Starter Fertilizer in Soybean A similar analysis of the soybean on-farm research found six starter studies between 1992 and 2015, with only three sites reporting soil test P, all of which were greater than 17 ppm. Average yields for the no-starter studies were 61.2 bu/ ac and for soybeans with starter, 61.3 bu/ac.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A37

Starter fertilizer When is it needed?

CONTINUED FROM PAGE A36

Review and Conclusions Using corn as an example: Results are mostly consistent with our recommendations. (See NebGuide EC117, “Nutrient Management Suggestions for Corn”.) The University recommends phosphorus based on the following formula for corn following corn or crops other than soybean: Pounds of P2O5/ac = (25 - Bray-1 P) x 4 For soils in the 15 to 20 ppm Bray 1P range, the recommendation would be for 20 to 40 pounds of P2O5. Applying five gallons of 10-34-0 would provide about 20 pounds of P2O5 and would be economic most of the time. For other recommendation options, see NebGuide EC117, “Nutrient Management Suggestions for Corn”.

To summarize, when fertilizer is used as a starter (as defined above with soil test levels above the critical value), the data shows that it is largely not effective in terms of yield or economical response; however, if the fertilizer is added to a soil that tests low for soil test P (less than the critical value), a response to that fertilizer is expected.

Test it Yourself Curious if starter fertilizer is paying for itself on your farm? Consider conducting an on-farm research trial. The Nebraska On-Farm Research Network provides a simple protocol to allow you to evaluate the yield and economics of adding starter fertilizer to corn or soybeans. To get started, contact a member of the Nebraska On-Farm Research Network team or your local cropping systems extension educator. ##### Floors in medieval homes had straw mixed with herbs strewn across the ground. This would stay on for a long time, but cleaning wasn’t easy as dirt and moisture would build up, giving the entire house a musty smell. Also, straw floors were excellent hiding places for rodents and other pests. The plague soon had people looking for better floors. Wooden floors became popular because they were much easier to clean. People used rugs, animal hides, or carpets over their wooden floors. Wealthier homes had clay or marble floors.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A37

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A38

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New pollen-replacing food for honey bees brings new hope for survival

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An innovative new food source, pictured above, contains all the nutrients honey bees need and is expected to become a potent strategy for combating the escalating rates of colony collapse and safeguarding global food supplies reliant on bee pollination.

Scientists have unveiled a new food source designed to sustain honey bee colonies indefinitely without natural pollen.

Published April 16 in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, the research from Washington State University and APIX Biosciences NV in Belgium details successful trials where nutritionally stressed colonies, deployed for commercial crop pollination in Washington state, thrived on the new food source.

This innovation, which resembles the manmade diets fed to livestock and pets all their life, contains all the nutrients honey bees need. It’s expected to become a potent strategy for combating the escalating rates of colony collapse and safeguarding global food supplies reliant on bee pollination.

The newly developed food source resembles human “Power Bars.” They are placed directly into honey bee colonies, where young bees process and distribute the essential nutrients to larvae and adult bees.

The newly developed food source resembles human “Power Bars.” They are placed directly into honey bee colonies, where young bees process and distribute the essential nutrients to larvae and adult bees.

This breakthrough addresses one of the growing challenges faced by honey bees: lack of adequate nutrition in their environment.

“Changes in land use, urban expansion, and extreme weather all negatively impact nutrition for honey bees and other pollinators,” said Brandon Hopkins, P.F. Thurber Endowed Distinguished Professor of Pollinator Ecology at WSU and a co-author of the paper. “Honey bees are generalists and do not get all their nutrition from a single source. They need variety in their diet to survive but find it increasingly difficult to find the continuous supply of pollen they need to sustain the colony.”

Dr. Patrick Pilkington, CEO of APIX Biosciences US, emphasized the significance of this development.

“Until this study, honey bees were the only livestock that could not be maintained on a man-made feed,” Pilkington said. “The reported scientific work shows in commercial field conditions that providing nutritionally stressed colonies with our pollen-replacing feed results in a major measurable step change in colony health compared to current best practices. Our product has the potential to change the way honey bees are managed.”

‘A Herculean scientific effort’ The research, a culmination of over a decade of work, involved extensive collaboration.

Thierry Bogaert, lead author and chairman of APIX Biosciences, highlighted the collaborative effort.

“The newly published work is the result of a herculean scientific effort of three teams,” Bogaert said. “First, the founders and scientists of APIX Biosciences who tested thousands of

combinations of ingredients on honey bees over more than 10 years to create this feed. Second, the WSU team with leading honey bee and field expertise, and, third, leading beekeepers in California together with extension teams. They made large scale and science-based field testing of feeds possible. Paper co-author Anne Marie Fauvel managed that third aspect.”

A critical discovery within the research is the role of isofucosterol, a molecule found naturally in pollen that acts as a vital nutrient for honey bees. Colonies fed with isofucosterol-enriched food survived an entire season without pollen access, while those without it experienced severe declines, including reduced larval production, adult paralysis, and colony collapse. The new feed also contains a comprehensive blend of the other nutrients honey bees require.

Brandon Hopkins, P.F. Thurber Endowed Distinguished Professor of Pollinator Ecology at WSU, places some of the newly developed bee food into a hive. (Photo by College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, WSU)

To validate the efficacy of the new food source under real-world conditions, WSU conducted field trials with nutritionally stressed colonies in blueberry and sunflower fields, both known for poor pollen quality for bees. Compared to colonies receiving standard commercial feed or no supplementation, those fed the new food source thrived, demonstrating increased survival and colony growth.

“Some beekeepers don’t pollinate blueberries anymore because colonies suffer or die and the pollination fees don’t cover the losses,” Hopkins said. “Blueberry pollen isn’t very nutritious for honey bees, and they aren’t adapted well to pollinating that crop. But if they have this supplemental food source, beekeepers may return to pollinating those fields since they know their bees are more likely to survive.”

The severe challenge of high annual colony mortality, with recent reports indicating crisislevel losses, underscores the urgency of this innovation.

Pilkington expressed optimism about the discovery’s impact.

“We are confident that the product will positively impact beekeepers and growers once it’s available to purchase in the U.S., which is targeted for mid-2026,” he said. “Meanwhile we are working with WSU and the beekeeping community across the USA to develop the best way to make use of this new tool in agricultural settings.”

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A39

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2023 Case TV370B Compact Track Loader, New trade-in! 2 speed, HVAC, Joystick, 5-year extended warranty. Excellent condition, 570 hours. stk# 32264....... $57,900 (G) 2021 Bobcat 5600 Toolcat, Brand-new engine with 0 hours and warranty! Deluxe cab & high flow. stk# 32095................. $69,000 (G) 2017 Bobcat MT85 stand on loader with Bobcat Interface, 1652 hours, Diamond tread turf tracks, new wide tracks & 44” bucket, Kubota D902-EF01 engine. stk# 32149..$18,000 (G)

SQUARE BALER

2017 New Holland LM7.42 Elite telehandler, reverse fan, rear hyd couple, ext. tool box, continuous flow aux hyd, Bluetooth & aux radio, bucket/grapple, engine hours 3621. stk# 22833..................................$95,000 (L) Bobcat HB980 breaker. stk# 24408.$10,036 (G) 2011 Bobcat 80 dozer blade. stk# 31340........ ..................................................... $5965 (G) Quick Attach 68” angle blade. stk# 32129..(G) Bobcat 68” angle broom. Good bristles. stk# 32128...................................................... (G) 2019 Bobcat 8B wood chipper, lightly used, skidsteer attachment, two side attachment, hydraulic drive. stk# 31613..................... (G) Bobcat 74” bucket. stk# 29864........ $1800 (G) Bobcat 68” skidsteer low pro bucket. stk# 23986........................................... $1245 (G) High Volume 66” bucket, skid steer attachment. stk# 29035...................................... $650 (G) Bobcat 18” bucket for excavator with bolt on teeth. stk# 22333............................ $399 (G) 2018 Bobcat 68” bucket. Includes blot on cutting edge. stk# 23986.......................... $1245 (G) 2014 Bobcat drop hammer. stk# 17553........... ..................................................... $5900 (G) Bobcat 15C auger. stk# 23364........ $2750 (G) Bobcat 6B landrake. stk# 29484............CALL Bobcat 72” root grapple. stk# 29486......CALL

ROUND BALERS

2018 New Holland RB560 laced belts, ISO monitor, net only, hydraulic ramp, 1000 PTO with cut out clutch, bale count of 10,479. stk# 22242......................................... $34,900 (L)

2018 New Holland RB560 ISO with monitor, endless belts, net/twine, 1000 PTO, 13,670 bales. stk# 22245....................... $39,000 (L) 2014 Case IH RB565 baler, ISO, laced belts, x-wide pickup, casters, roller windguard, large flotation tires, net/twine, 15,958 bales. stk# 22476......................................... $35,900 (L) 2011 John Deere 568 baler, net/twine, 1000 PTO, large float tires, mega wide, laced belts, 22,000 bales. stk# 32558.......... $14,000 (G) 2010 John Deere 568 baler, twine, 1000 PTO, roller windguard, large float tires, 19,886 bales. stk# 31510......................... $9900 (G) 2004 Hesston 956A baler, twine only. stk# 9821.............................................. $3490 (G) Hesston 856A baler, 15,050 bales. stk# 22105........................................... $4900 (G)

SWATHERS

Lewistown Sales:

TRACTORS

2024 Kubota LX3310HSD tractor, 32 hp, hydrostatic transmission, 74 hours, with warranty. stk# 32065................................. $26,900 (G) 2007 John Deere 9520 new tires, 4 remotes, buddy seat, Trimble GPS, hydraulic steering, 6219 engine hours. stk# 31467..$163,400 (L) Steiger PT225 tractor. stk# 20554..$25,000 (G) 2000 New Holland TM150 tractor, SuperSteer, 112 bar axle, full PS, 184R38 60%, cab suspension, 22 fnt wts, wheel wts, 540/1000 PTO, no loader. stk# 29559...... $58,000 (G) 1988 Case 2096 tractor, DuAl 310 loader, 130 hp., 3 rear remotes, 10,871 engine hours. stk# 31858.................................. $31,250 (L) Case 2090 tractor. stk# 15702................... Call 2023 Bobcat CT5550E HST compact tractor. stk# 32344.....................................CALL (G) 2022 Bobcat CT2025 HST tractor, 56 engine hours. stk# 29350....................... $24,000 (L) 2015 Kioti CS2510 tractor, loader, hydrostat, mid mount mower, 1 remote, 540 PTO, 18x8.5, 26x12 tires. stk# 32552..$11,900 (G)

MISCELLANEOUS

2023 NEW Morris 1400 Hayhiker, 14 round bale hay wagon. stk# 30270............. $55,000 (G) Manitou 96” grapple bucket. stk# 22839........... .......................................................$5888 (G) 72” bucket. stk# 26358....................... $700 (G) Howard M100 rotavator, 3-pt., 100” tiller. stk# 32199............................................$4000 (L) 2014 Danuser F8 3-pt. post hole digger with 12” bit. stk# 18366. ............................ $1200 (G) 2019 Danuser 200173 18” rock auger bit with 2” hex head. stk# 29016............... $1800 (G) Danuser 48” pallet forks. stk# 29525.$1400 (G) Woods Euro bale spear. stk# 23716..$600 (G) Woods RC6 3-pt. cutter. stk# 23995..$1800 (L) 2023 Pal skidsteer 60” broom. stk# 32378....... ..................................................... $2298 (G) Els Gofer Getter 700. stk# 32427....$1500 (L) 2019 Toro 34225 stand on spreader. stk# 25200........................................... $5000 (G) 2022 Salt Dogg SHPE0750 Sand/Salt spreader, stainless steel auger and frame. stk# 32348........................................... $2850 (G) Lan SPL10 72” snowpush. stk# 32537............ ..................................................... $1395 (G) MTD snowblower, 22” 2-stage blower, no reverser............................................. $400 (G) Toro snowblower. stk# 5810.............. $225 (G)

MOWERS

2014 New Holland 340 big square baler, density control, tandem axle, ISO intellview, large 1000 PTO, roller chute, roller windguard, new needles & knotters, bale count of 11,402.

With a free one-season warranty. stk# 30935........................................ $89,900 (G)

RAKES

2022 NEW New Holland 1631 rake, 16 wheel high capacity, single side opening, 60”, rear tandems, rear hydraulic opening. stk# 28671. P . ayments as low as $5530/oac (G) 2022 New Holland 230 7 bar, hydraulic rake. stk# 28667..................................$49,900 (L) 2009 New Holland HT154 12 wheel rake, needs 2 new tires. stk# 31739................ $9500 (G) 2013 Vermeer R2300 hydraulic 23-ft. rake. stk# 25560.........................................$19,000 (L) 2008 Vermeer 2300 hydraulic basket rake. stk# 31803.........................................$19,000 (L) 2006 Vermeer R2300 rake. stk# 8029............. .................................................. $12,900 (G) Hesston 12 wheel rake. stk# 30919.$11,600 (L)

2020 New Holland 260 swather, 411 engine hours, full GPS, DLX cab, suspended axle/ cab, single caster, LED lights, DLX mirrors, 419 header. stk# 25673........... $189,000 (L) 2017 MacDon M1240 16-ft. R85 header, No GPS, draper ready, cap & rear axle suspension, LED lights, Bluetooth radio, steel conditioner, shear protection. Excellent condition.

749 engine hours. stk# 21654.$144,900 (G) 2007 John Deere 4995 swather with 16-ft. rotary head, flail conditioner, 3940 hours. stk# 24605.........................................$57,000 (G)

Check us out on our Website at www.hovenequipment.com

Toro RIder 42” deck. stk# 12516..... $2800 (G) Toro walk behind. stk# 5945.............. $629 (G) Toro 22” walk behind. stk# 30846...... $300 (G) Grasshopper 928D rider, 61” deck with vac bagger, Kubota 3 cyl. 4 cycle liquid cooled. stk# 30874.................................... $9900 (G) Grasshopper 729BT 61” power fold deck, single fork tail wheel, hydro trans. stk# 15503... (G) Grasshopper 725G2 rider. stk# 7186.$4900 (G)

TILLAGE

2018 Gates 84-ft. Magnum 5 bar harrow, 26x9/16 teeth with carbides, hyd tine adjust., excellent condition. stk# 31435..$59,900 (G) 2023 NEW Maybridge 2M26 Harrow. stk# 31173........................................ $15,900 (G) 2023 NEW Kirchner 8-ft plow, Cat II, 3-pt. unit with 16” sweeps. stk# 30802....................(L) John Deere 18-in. planer, 14 pin control, carbide teeth, high flow. stk# 31623.......... $9900 (G)

AUGERS

2011 Westfield MK13LP hopper. stk# 14046... ..................................................... $4500 (G)

UTV VEHICLE

2022 Maverick X3 DS RR UTV. New trade-in!

Excellent condition, low hours. stk# 32272........ .................................................. $21,900 (G)

SPRAYERS

Let us show you what we can do for your bottom line with this NH 310 sprayer fully equipped with a nearly new $230,000 Weed-It system!

Spray weeds, not dirt.

2019 New Holland SP310F sprayer, 1200 gallon, Weed-It System, Mono Boom, 120-ft., 5-way nozzles, auto rinse, ISO, Full GPS, 2960 hours. stk# 24818........... $479,900 (G)

BALE PROCESSORS

2023 Vermeer BPX9010 R&S processor, 1000 PTO, right hand discharge. stk# 29565......... ................................................... $29,900 (L) 2009 Vermeer BPX8000 processor, round only. stk# 11189................................. $14,900 (G) 2016 Haybuster 2665 processor, round bale only, fine cut. stk# 32154............ $18,000 (L)

COMBINE

2012 Case 7120 combine, full GPS, leather seat, yield and moisture, man tank, lateral tilt, standard rotor, small grain, 3271 hours. stk# 32235................................. $62,000 (G) 2011 Case 7120 combine, full GPS, HID lights, fine cut chopper, man grain tank, leather seat, 4156 hours. stk# 32234............. $38,000 (G) 2009 Case 7120 combine, HID lights, cloth seat, standard rotor, small grain, 4889 hours. stk# 32232........................................ $38,000 (G) 2009 Case 7120 combine, standard chopper, cloth seat, HID lights, standard rotor, small grain, 5170 hours. stk# 32233... $38,000 (G)

HEADERS

2019 MacDon FD140D header. stk# 31005...... .................................................. $99,500 (G) 2013 MacDon D65D 40-ft. header, double knife, slow speed transport, 1000 PTO, CNH adapter, no pea auger. stk# 32419......$28,900 (L) 2015 MacDon PW8 pickup header, 16-ft. wide. stk# 31025................................. $27,900 (G) 2009 Case 2142 35-ft. pea auger header. stk# 32265................................. $34,000 (G)

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A40

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

COMPONENTS PLUS

Texas Trash Pie

• Buy the red iron frame for 1/2 the cost of any complete commercial building • Designed for ease of assembly • Buy your steel building parts and save thousands!

218-863-6444 or Cody Kisner, Sales Rep. 406-945-4918

www.henrybuilding.com FINANCIN AVAIL ABLEG !

ANNUAL DO-IT-YOURSELF MAY SALE! Red Brand Barbed Wire 2pt $105

T-POSTS

WOW!

CONTINUOUS PANEL Premium T-Posts 5 ½’ Premium ..................... $4.49 6’ Premium ......................... $4.88

4-Rail with Sleeves............ $92.00 5-Rail with Sleeves.......... $112.00 6-Rail with Sleeves.......... $130.00

DRILL STEM 2 7/8” Drill Stem Joint .......$67.00 2 3/8” Drill Stem Joint .......$63.00 3/4” Sucker Rod ................$15.00

CATTLE GUARDS – CALL FOR PRICING Montana Brand Cattle Guard Hirider Cattle Guard 16’ Baseless Cattle Guard......................$1,499.00

TRUCKLOAD PRICING Call for truckload pricing on full semis of continuous panels

Prices for Stock On Hand through 5/31/25

BELGRADE

BILLINGS

GREAT FALLS

KALISPELL

(406) 924-4802

(406) 259-6511

(406) 727-3661

(406) 755-7650

www.MontanaFence.com 6

Recipe Patch by Geri

NorthernPlainsIndependent-CommunityNews|Summer2024

101 ANACONDA ST | WOLF POINT

406-653-1350

FOXFORDWOLFPOINT.COM

We come to you.

Experience the convenience of mobile service for oil changes, recalls and field repairs.

Call Mike, Dylan or Noel today!

Full inventory list available upon request.

Call about our large selection of semi-trucks and grain trailers

1 (10-inch) frozen pie crust 1 cup chocolate chips 1 cup caramel bits or butterscotch chips 1 cup pretzels, roughly chopped 1 cup graham crackers, crushed 1 cup sweetened coconut, shredded 1 (14-ounce) can sweetened condensed milk Stir together chocolate chips, caramel (or butterscotch) chips, pretzels, graham crackers, coconut and sweetened condensed milk in a large bowl. Using a silicone spatula, transfer filling mixture into frozen pie crust. Spread mixture evenly. Preheat oven to 350°F. Bake for 45 minutes. Let pie cool 15 minutes before slicing.

Rhubarb Sticky Rolls

1/4 cup cold butter, cubed 1/2 cup packed brown sugar 1 cup chopped fresh or frozen rhubarb, thawed 1/3 cup butter, softened 1/3 cup sugar 1 large egg, room temperature 1-1/2 cups all-purpose flour 2 tsp baking powder 1/2 tsp salt 1/4 tsp ground nutmeg 1/2 cup milk In a small bowl, cut butter into brown sugar until crumbly.

Stir in rhubarb. Spoon evenly into 12 well-greased muffin cups; set aside. In a large bowl, cream butter and sugar until light and fluffy. Beat in egg. Combine the flour, baking powder, salt and nutmeg; add to creamed mixture alternately with milk and mix well. Spoon over rhubarb mixture, filling cups three-fourths full. Bake at 350° until a toothpick comes out clean, 15-20 minutes. Cool for 5 minutes before inverting onto a serving plate. Serve warm.

Asparagus Puff Bread

1 pound fresh asparagus, trimmed 4 ounces cream cheese, softened 1/4 cup grated Parmesan cheese 1 Tbsp stone-ground mustard 2 tsp lemon juice 1/4 tsp salt 1/4 tsp pepper 1 package (17.3 ounces) frozen puff pastry, thawed 1 large egg 2 Tbsp water Preheat oven to 400°. In a large skillet, bring 1-1/2 in. water to a boil. Add asparagus; cook, uncovered, until crisptender, 1-3 minutes. Remove asparagus and immediately drop into ice water. Drain and pat dry. In a small bowl, mix cream cheese, Parmesan cheese, mustard, lemon juice, salt and pepper until blended. Unfold puff pastry sheets; cut each sheet in half to make a total of 4 rectangles. Spread each rectangle with a fourth of the cream cheese mixture to within 1/4 in. of edges. Arrange asparagus over top, allowing tips to show at each end; roll up jelly-roll style. Using a serrated knife, cut each roll crosswise into 4 sections. Place on a parchment-lined baking sheet, seam side down. In a small bowl, whisk egg and water until blended; brush lightly over tops. Bake until golden brown, 25-30 minutes. Remove from pan to a wire rack; serve warm.

Shrimp and Plum Skewers

Complimentary Pickup & Delivery Service

Schedule your Service

Simply schedule a service appointment and we’ll do the rest.

Scan the QR code to schedule your service appointment online.

1 pound uncooked large shrimp, peeled and deveined 2 medium plums or peaches, cut into wedges 1/2 cup sesame ginger marinade, divided 1 green onion, thinly sliced Sesame seeds and lime wedges In a large bowl, combine shrimp and plums. Drizzle with 1/4 cup marinade; toss to coat. Alternately thread shrimp and plums on 4 metal or soaked wooden skewers.

On a lightly oiled rack, grill skewers, covered, over medium heat or broil 4 in. from heat until shrimp turn pink, 6-8 minutes, turning occasionally and basting frequently with remaining 1/4 cup marinade during the last 3 minutes of cooking. Serve with green onion, sesame seeds and lime wedges.

Fertilizing cool-season grass

By Jerry Volesky, UNL Fertilizing cool-season grass pastures or hayfields is something producers do each year while accounting for forage needs, the value of the forage, and fertilizer costs.

Very important to remember this year is precipitation and soil moisture status as that moisture is needed to realize the grass response to the fertilizer.

Fertilization of smooth bromegrass pastures should occur late March through April. If the nitrogen is a single application, usually between 80 to 100 lbs of actual N per acre is suggested for eastern Nebraska. The recommended application rate declines westward across the state with about 30 to 40 lbs N per acre suggested for the Panhandle.

If doing split applications, usually it’s 2/3 in the spring and 1/3 in the fall when growth resumes on the cool season grasses. With fertilized pasture, be sure to include a rotational grazing plan that will effectively harvest the extra forage and provide the greatest return on the fertilizer investment. Also remember that adequate moisture is needed with fertilizer applications.

Soil tests could also be conducted to determine more exact amounts needed, particularly for any phosphorus, potassium or sulfur that could be applied.

Research conducted in Eastern Nebraska has shown a 30% increase in forage yield with fertilization and the economic optimum rate is between 80 to 120 lbs per acre. A crude protein increase from 16 to 20% was seen with fertilizer applications up to 160 lbs. That is a lot of fertilizer, but it did increase crude protein and organic matter digestibility while decreasing NDF or neutral detergent fiber. Always be aware when applying fertilizer, especially in pastures and fields near water sources such as ponds.

Brome pastures are hardy, and we can and do graze them hard in Nebraska. Haying or grazing operations can benefit if managed correctly with fertilizer. ##### First American cookbook: American Cookery published

by Amerlia Simmons in 1796.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A41

##### In 1990 Sacramento, California officially renamed its manholes “maintenance holes.”

“Why” For “gender equality.”

WANTED Rollo Roper Phone (307) 432-0404

Stokes Contracting, LLC 1590 Blazen Rd, Conrad, Montana

406-885-0631

Trucking:

• Equipment Transport • Gravel & Dirt Hauling • Hay Hauling • Water Hauling

Construction:

• Gravel Sales • Road Work • Demolition/Clean-Up • Mobile Pressure Washing • Snow Plowing

Equipment Rentals:

• Mini Excavators • Skidsteer Loaders • Boom Lifts (34-ft., 45-ft. & 65-ft.)

• Telescoping Forklifts (8,000# & 10,000#) • Dump Trailer (14-ft. bumper pull) • Equipment Trailers (20-ft. bumper pull)

Operated Equipment For Hire:

• Belly Dump Trailer • Side Dump Trailer • Step Deck Trailer • Gooseneck Flatbed Trailer • Dump Trailer • End Dump Truck • Water Truck • Service Truck • Skidsteer Loader • Roller • Loader • Excavator • Telescoping Forklift • Boom Lift • Road Grader • Mobile Pressure Washer

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A42

If you have items you want advertised in the June 2025 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is May 28th.

TRACTOR FOR SALE

Dr. Nevin Lawrence, Nebraska Extension Weed Management Specialist, holds the award he received from Western Sugar. Photo by Chabella Guzman

Ford/New Holland 9680 7175 hours, 12 speed power shift, 1000 PTO, auto steer with EzGuide 250 color monitor, all four remotes rebuilt at 6100 hours, new injectors and pump rebuilt and turned up to 425 hp at 6672 hours, front wheel seals and all new oil in both differentials and all four final drives at 7172 hours. Very nice tractor.

Weed scientist recognized by Western Sugar Cooperative

Asking $64,000

Retired from farming. Phone (406) 460-0040

Platinum Auto Center Big Timber, MT

406-901-0517 platinumautocenter.net

ryan.manley@live.com

Sure Trac Car Hauler

7 x 18 + 2, 10k.......................................$5595

Sure Trac Gooseneck Deckover

81/2 x 27 + 5, 25.9k, 14 ply tires, spare............ ...........................................................$19,495

Sure Trac Dump Trailers

6 x 10, 10k.............................................$7775 6 x 12, 10k.............................................$8195 7 x 12, 14k.............................................$9455 7 x 14, 14k.............................................$9675 7 x 14, 14k..........................................$10,195 - 3-ft. sides 7 x 16, 14k..........................................$10,925 7 x 16, 16k gooseneck.......................$15,395

Circle D Flatbeds

30k gooseneck ball, LED lights, mud flaps.

Starting @ $2195

Besler Utility Flatbeds

4 underbody boxes, top boxes, 30k gooseneck hitch. Was $12,795

Now $12,395

Wells Cargo Fast Trac

78” rear door height, rear ramp.

7 x 16, was $8195................ Now $7995 7 x 14, was $7895................ Now $7495

The BEST Trailers at the BEST PRICE!

Pace Journey SE

7x16, V-Nose, Alloy wheels, tie downs. Was $7995.

Now $7795

By Chabella Guzman, PREEC Communications Thinking outside of the box, Dr. Nevin Lawrence, Nebraska Extension Weed Management Specialist, has been able to find solutions for the aggressive weed Palmer Amaranth for sugar beet growers in Nebraska. For his work and efforts in providing data to support an emergency use label for Goltix to control Palmer amaranth in sugar beets, Western Sugar recognized him with a plaque on March 24 at the Nebraska Beet Growers Association meeting.

Palmer Amaranth grows in cropland where the ground is often disturbed, can emerge throughout the entire growing season, is more competitive than other pigweed species, and is resistant to several herbicide modes-of-action across the US. Lawrence had been working on the management of Palmer for several years when, in 2018, ADAMA, a crop production company, sent Lawrence and other weed scientists samples of their herbicide Goltix.

“They did a trial with me and every other sugar beet weed scientist in the country to look at it. The other scientists saw no value, and I tested it, and it was very, very good on Palmer Amaranth,” Lawrence said. Since ADAMA had initially decided against continuing research on the product in the States, he approached Western Sugar Cooperative, headquartered in Denver, Colo., with locations in Nebraska, Colorado, Montana, and Wyoming, for research funding. He told Western Sugar the weed was only going to get worse, and their growers would need a solution. They began working together, with Western Sugar providing funding and Lawrence carrying out experiments.

The herbicide was meant to be applied post-application, once the beets and Palmer amaranth are out of the ground.

“Nevin found this was not an effective use of the product. He understood our biggest area of concern was getting control of the Palmer when the beets were just emerging in the early spring at planting. So, he took it upon himself to test the product as a pre-emergence product, and it worked beautifully,” said Rebecca Larson, Western Sugar’s chief scientist.

The herbicide controlled the weed for a reasonable amount of time until it was safe for growers to apply additional layby herbicides, and it didn’t hurt the sugar beets.

“Biologically, sugar beets are extremely sensitive to most herbicides,” Lawrence said. “Compared to other crops grown in Nebraska or elsewhere, sugar beet just has a lot fewer options available. And as Palmer amaranth is resistant to the herbicides currently used in sugar beet, finding another option was essential.”

Lawrence was also instrumental in helping Western Sugar work with the state of Nebraska and the Environmental Protection Agency to get Goltix approved for sugar beet growers to use. “The emergency approval we got was the first of its kind for the EPA, and it was largely thanks to the extensive data collected by Nevin about crop safety and efficacy as well as the manufacturer’s extensive human health and environmental safety data,” Larson said. “The level of commitment and ingenuity is quite unique to Nevin, and he deserves a huge debt of gratitude. Roughly half of our growers in 2024 used this newly approved herbicide, and we estimate it added two tons to the acre in yield, which is more than $8 million in revenue for our growers. If we had any significant replant, that number would have been even higher. I would suspect roughly 75 percent of our farmers will use this tool in Nebraska and Colorado in 2025.”

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A43

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Contact Dave Taylor: 1-406-357-2166

Chinook, MT

Home Phone - 406-357-2162 Highway 2 West, Chinook, MT 1/2 mile west of Chinook

LOADS OF TRAILERS COMING IN EVERY WEEK! CALL FOR MORE INFO!

Fuel Hog 750 gallon, 5200 lb. axles............................... $9800

2019 Chevrolet 3500 Z71 6.0 gas, crew cab 8-ft. bed

$31,000

NEW

STOCK TRAILERS

20-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7000 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, one center gate, bull package..........$16,995 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7200 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package ...$18,595 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7200 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package, brush fenders.............................................................................................................$18,995 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7000 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package..........$17,995 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 8000 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package.....$19,595

New Knapheide

Look 6.5-ft. x 12-ft. enclosed trailer with ramp door, drivers’ side entry door

$4000

12-ft. 3” flatbed with stake sides, headache rack

$3500

Trojan 1900Z loader

$22,000

NEW DIAMOND C Low Profile Dump Trailers with tarps

53-ft. van triple axle

$8500

2010 Hillsboro 22-ft. gooseneck, tilt bed

LPD 210 12-ft. gooseneck with (2) 10,000 lb. axles...............................$24,595 LPD 207 14-ft. gooseneck with (2) 7000 lb. axles..................................$16,995 LPT 207 14-ft. bumper pull with (2) 7000 lb. axles, telescopic hoist......$15,995

$6800

TURNOVER BALL A hitch when you need it...

A level bed when you don’t

Mounts to rails bolted under the bed, or attaches easily to B&W’s turnover ball gooseneck hitch. Easy adjustment of height & lateral positions.

LOOK enclosed trailers in stock COMPANION™ 5th WHEEL RV HITCH

4’x7’ Heavy Duty Trailer Mats

$90 each

NEW HEAVY DUTY FLATBED

IN STOCK

NEW DIAMOND C & DOOLITTLE Bumper Pull Tilt Trailers

20-ft. • 22-ft. & 24-ft. with 7000 lb., 8000 lb. & 10,000 lb. axles Diamond C 20-ft. full tilt, 82” wide, 14,900 GVW..............$11,895 Diamond C 22-ft. 6+16, partial tilt, 14,900 GVW, 82” wide...$12,495 Doolittle 20-ft. 4+16, partial tilt, 82” wide, 14,000 GVW.....$10,395

GOOSENECK TRAILERS

Diamond C 30-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps............................ $21,995 Diamond C 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps............................ $22,495 Doolittle 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................ $18,495 Circle D 31-ft. 2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................... $16,995 Circle D 31-ft., (3) 7000 lb. axles, Max ramps.................................... $15,995 Doolittle 30-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................ $17,995 Circle D 29-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................. $15,595 Circle D 25-ft., (2) 7000 lb. torsion axles, Max ramps........................ $12,995 Diamond C 28-ft., (3) 7000 lb. axles, Low Profile tilt trailer................ $18,995 Diamond C 26-ft., (2) 7000 lb. axles, full tilt....................................... $15,595

Diamond C low profile, scissor lift trailer, 12-ft.x77”, tread plate floor, 7000 lb. axles, 16” tires...........................................................$5995

PRONGHORN UTILITY

NEW BUMPER PULL UTILITY TRAILERS

• 5-ft. x 8-ft. to 83” x 14-ft.

CIRCLE D

FLATBEDS - IN STOCK!

Large Trailer Parts Inventory!

Axles • Springs • Lights • Fenders • Straps • Tie-downs • Jacks • Bearings & Seals • Etc.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A44

NH Bale Wagons & Retrievers FOR SALE & WILL PURCHASE

Sod Buster Sales, Inc.’s Farm Equipment Finding Service — Phone (406) 883-2118

##### First coast-to-coast directional phone call: made from Englewood, New Jersey, to Alameda, California, in 1951.

IRRIGATES ANY SHAPE

Manure Capable Marias River Farms LLP

Sales & Service

Phone (406) 680-7444

Used Pipe

2 7/8”...............$51/joint 3 1/2”..................$65/joint 4 1/2”..................$105/joint

Used Sucker Rods

/4’’ x 25’..............$6.95/Stick 7 /8” x 25’..................$9.25/Stick 1” x 25’....................$10.90/Stick 3

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Practical application For farmers just thinking about getting started with regenerative agriculture practices, one of the most important resources to consider is connecting with other farmers a few years further along in the process. That was a key component of a recent event held in McCool Junction that drew about 30 attendees for conversations and presentations on grazing cover crops, relay cropping, and building soil health.

The event was organized by The Nature Conservancy, Nebraska Department of Natural Resources, Center for Rural Affairs, and the Upper Big Blue Natural Resources District.

It drew farmers and ag industry professionals from Friend, Marquette, David City, Fairmont and surrounding areas.

The main speakers were Hank McGowan, who farms in McCool Junction, and Jordan Uldrich, who farms near Milligan. Previously, McGowan was a speaker at a regenerative agriculture conference hosted by area natural resources districts in spring of 2024. In the fall of 2024, Uldrich hosted a farmer field day. Both producers are passionate about best management practices including no-till and cover crops and are happy to share their experiences with other farmers.

The format of the recent event was conversation driven, with lots of questions and comments from attendees during McGowan and Uldrich’s presentations. The question of how to make these changing agricultural practices make financial sense was a reoccurring theme.

With some of these practices, the financial return is readily apparent. “With the price of farm ground being what it is, topsoil is expensive. Try to keep it. That’s what we’re doing,” said McGowan, talking about erosion prevention measures achieved through soil health practices.

McGowan has been implementing regenerative agriculture practices for the last several years. It started with cover crops on his roughest ground for erosion control and as an additional forage for cattle. When he saw the soil health benefits happening in the fields with cover crops, he became a soil health convert and began implementing additional practices on more of his acres. In the 2024 growing season, he tried something new: relay cropping. While this practice is common elsewhere, it’s somewhat unusual in this part of the world. Relay cropping involves planting a second crop into a standing first crop before the first crop is harvested.

In McGowan’s operation, that meant drilling soybeans into standing rye.

This experiment had some challenges as well as some benefits, McGowan told the producers in the room. Benefits included weed suppression and protection of the soybeans from dicamba drift. Harvesting was more complicated with this system, however. The heads of the rye were harvested over the beans using specialty equipment. When he harvested the beans later, it took more time and effort because the extra ground cover slowed down the process.

The benefits far outweigh the challenges in McGowan’s opinion. He showed pictures of the robust root structure of the beans that grew in the rye, which had large nodules on the roots and evidence of beneficial fungal activity. The beans had more pod production than he’s seen before as well.

Rotational Grazing Explored Jordan Uldrich has been experimenting with many soil health activities in the last few years as well, including cover crops, no till, and input reduction. Two years ago, he implemented a rotational grazing system that has been beneficial so far. Uldrich shared his enthusiasm for this practice with event attendees, giving a practical demonstration of how to set up such a system with little expense. Uldrich uses high tensile polywire to move his cattle in small blocks around the pasture, instead of having them roam through the entirety of the pasture throughout the season. “The principle of intensive grazing is to improve the root system [of the grass] and stretch your pasturage,” he said. This type of grazing also reduces the parasite load and suppresses fly problems on the cattle.

This grazing method makes the cattle become less selective, so they will eat the weeds as well as the grass. “I’ve seen a cow eating a thistle,” Uldrich said, though previously his herd would have avoided the spiney plants.

The action of the cattle means less fertilizer is needed and the water infiltration in the pasture is higher. Intensive, rotational grazing more closely simulates the action of herds of buffalo, which would mob graze one area and move on, not to return to that area for months. Grazing cattle this way requires more effort, but it’s “getting more bang for your buck,” said Uldrich. “It’s a way to make the cattle work for you, rather than you working for them.” Not only is it more cost effective, but Uldrich said at the end of the season his calves were the healthiest and biggest he’s ever seen.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A46

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 – Page A45

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A46

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Practical application CONTINUED FROM PAGE A44

A Systems Approach to Management It all comes down to adding carbon to the system, McGowan stressed. Carbon sequestration is a buzzy term these days, but McGowan contends that if farmers improve their soil carbon, they can reduce the amount of fertilizer they need and thereby improve their bottom line while protecting groundwater from contamination. Additionally, more carbon in the system means more nutrient uptake by the crops, which in turn increases the BRIX level of the plant, making them more resistant to pests. McGowan recommends adding humic acid as it increases the bioavailability of nutrients naturally occurring in the soil, thus reducing the need for inputs over time.

McGowan is concerned with the health of the web of life in the soil, from the beneficial bacteria to fungi to microorganisms, all of which have a role to play in the health of plants.

When you’re taking a system-wide approach, change is slow, he admits. But if you hang on, you will see the results. He suggested that for those just getting started with new soil health practices, that you don’t implement a new strategy on every acre to begin with. Take your time and add more practices and more acres with each growing season. Jenny Brhel, Nebraska Extension educator, suggested an easy way to start is to participate in on-farm research trials.

Interested in adding regenerative agriculture practices to your acres? Jerod Fling, integrated water programs specialist with the NRD, can help connect you with funding programs and other resources. Contact him at jfling@upperbigblue.org or call (402) 366-5272. ##### My son was born while I was serving abroad, so he was three before we met. When I got home, I decided it was time for a little father-son bonding time. I bought him a toy razor and invited him to “shave” with me. In the bathroom, I took up my razor and started shaving. I looked around to see how my son was doing. His foot was up on the side of the bathtub, and he was running the razor up and down his leg. So much for male bonding.

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today

~ ~ COMBINES ~ ~

Not too early to start thinking of that upgrade in combines for the upcoming season.

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#87669 2023 John Deere X9 1100 with Signature edition Ultimate cab, ProDrive XL transnmission, DynaFlow cleaning shoe, 31ft. unloading auger, extra fine chopper, 650/85R38 front tires with duals. Stock #87669................................... $702,500 2022 John Deere X9 1100 with Ultimate cab package, Gen 4 4600 command center, Active Yield with moisture and yield sensors, Ultimate suspension, Signature Edition, Pro Drive XL transmission, extended wear concave and grain handling, 31-ft. folding auger, extra fine chopper, 650/85R38 front tires with duals, VF750/65R26 rear tires. Stock #87685............................$622,500 (14) 2022 John Deere X9 1100 Signature edition, Ultimate cab/lights, Gen 4 display with extended monitor, 31-ft. unloading auger, fixed speed/CM/ fore & aft, feederhouse extended wear grain handling, kondex all crop concaves advance tailboard with extra fine cut, adjustable knife bank and auger spout, 650/85R 38 duals and VF750/65R26 rear tires, Combine Advisor/Active Yield, large tool box. Stock #91881........... $597,500 (14)

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2022 John Deere S780 with premium cab with leather, Active Yield with moisture and yield sensors, 4600 command center, Combine Advisor, ProDrive with HarvestSmart, TriStream rotor, power folding GT covers, 28.5 unloading auger, Advanced PowerCast tailboard with fine cut chopper, 12” axle spacers.

Stock #88898.................... $470,000 (1) 2021 John Deere S780 with premium cab, Active Yield with moisture and yield sensors, leather, Combine Advisor, JD link, ProDrive transmission with HarvestSmart, regular wear grain handling, power folding covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, fine cut chopper, large single drive tires. Stock #87958... $415,000 (1) 2021 John Deere S780 with premium cab, extended wear package, Active Yield with moisture and yield sensors, leather, Combine Advisor, SF600 with SF1, ProDrive transmission with HarvestSmart, power folding covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, fine cut chopper. Stock #87960.... ...........................................$402,500 (2) 2020 John Deere S780 with premium cab, LED lights, SF6000 with SF1, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, ProDrive transmission with HarvestSmart, TriStream rotor, extended wear grain handling, power folding covers, 26-ft. unloading auger, 580/85R front tires with duals, 750/65R26 rear tires, fine cut chopper, side hill performance package. Stock #88009............................$320,000 (16) 2017 John Deere 690 with CM with fore and aft, fixed speed feederhouse, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, power folding tops, regular wear, TriStream rotor, Active Yield, Active Terrain/ICA, premium cab with leather, LSW1100/45R46, LSW710/60R30, 2630 on armrest with AutoTrac, no receiver. Stock #92211...... $225,000 (14)

2021 John Deere S780 with premium cab/radio, leather seat, LED lights, IF520/85R42 duals, 750/65R26 CM, fore/aft, fixed speed TriStream rotor, sidehill chaffer vanes, 28.5-ft unloading auger, power fold tops, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, Active Yield scale, Combine Advisor and auto maintain, 4600 monitor with 3.0 activation (AutoTrac included), no receiver or extended monitor. Stock #88110..... $362,500 (14) 2020 John Deere S780 with Combine Advisor, Active Yield, complete GPS, LSW1100/45R46 front single, LSW 750/60R30 rear, lateral tilt, fixed speed feederhouse (with fore/aft tilt), ProDrive transmission, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, TriStream rotor (extended wear), small wire concaves, powerfold grain tank covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, standard radio, LED lighting and extremity lights. Stock #87962.................. ...........................................$345,000 (1)

2020 John Deere S780 with premium cab, leather, Combiine Advisor, Active Yield with moisture and yield sensors, ProDrive with HarvestSmart, TriStream rotor, power folding cover, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, fine cut chopper with PowerCast tailboard, 520/85R42 front tires with duals, 750/65R26 rear tires, side hill performance package. Stock #89740..............................$370,000 (3) 2020 John Deere S780 with Combine Advisor, Active Yield, complete GPS, 2WD, LSW 1100/45R46 front, LSW 750/60R30 rear, lateral tilt, fixed speed feederhouse (with fore/aft tilt), ProDrive transmissiion, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, TriStream rotor (extended wear), small wire concaves, powerfold grain tank covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, standard radio, LED lighting and extremity lights. Stock #88924............... ..........................................$315,000 (1)

2022 John Deere S780 2WD, floaters, chopper, yield monitor, Contour Master (lateral tilt feederhouse) sidehill package, PowerCast tailboard, power folding bin extension.

Stock #91239.......................................................................................... $432,500 (12)

1=Conrad: 888-397-6851 2=Cut Bank: 888-673-9310 3=Choteau: 888-728-9254 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A47

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com

Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today!

4WD, ROW CROP AND UTILITY TRACTORS Get ready for haying with our large selection on haying/loader tractor. Many more available.

2023 John Deere 6R 155 with 640R loader and grapple, front suspension (TLS), Autoquad transmission, standard cab with cab suspension, AutoTrac ready, no receiver, 540/1000/1000E PTO, 3 E-SCV, 480/80R42 rear with extensions and 1800 lbs rear weights, 420/85R28 front with turnable fenders,. Many other options. Stock #92205..... $219,500 (14) 2022 John Deere 6155R with 20 speed AutoQuad transmission, MFWD, TLS without brakes, 3 E-SCVs, 540/540E/1000 PTO, AutoTrac ready, premium cab/radio/ seat, 480/80R42 rear, 2-450# weights/ side, cast R&P axles, 420/85R28 front with fenders, electronic joystick, 640SL loader, 8-ft. bucket with grapple. Stock #93428.............................. $197,000 (14)

#91683 2023 John Deere 6155M with 20 forward/20 reverse PowrQuad+, triple link suspension, 114 l/min hydraulic pump, 3 SCVs, PTO, 480/80R42 rear wheels, 420/85R28 front wheels, front fenders, standard seat, premium radio package, premium LED lights, MCS Plus, cold start package, 640R loader with bucket and grapple. Stock #91683....... $213,500 (1)

WINDROWERS

2024 John Deere W200M with cab, 480/ R80R34 hybrid tires, R500 13-ft. rotary platform with V10 steel conditioner, 547 engine hours. Stock #91837..$177,500 (4)

#90814

2022 John Deere W235R with JD Link Connectivity, less receiver, Gen 4 4600 command center at less application, 24.5R32 radial front and 16.5L 16.1 rear, touchset rotary, premium cab, LH toolbox, LED work lights, R500 16-ft. rotary head with TriLobe conditioner. Stock #90814............ ............................................$213,000 (15) 2014 John Deere W235 with draper only machine, 635D head that also has the combine adapter, transport, pickup reel and cross auger, bar tires. Stock #92258.. ............................................$140,000 (14) 2017 John Deere W235, 16-ft. rotary header, cab with air, 480x80R38 bar tires, V10 steel conditioner. Stock #92392................ ............................................$130,000 (15) 2019 John Deere W260 with 16-ft. (500R) rotary header, V10 steel conditioner, premium operator station, 24.5R32 turf tires.

Includes 4240 display, AutoTrac activation, SF6000 receiver. Stock #92155........ ..............................................$153,000 (1) 2017 New Holland Speedrower 160 with 12-ft. auger header, steel conditioner, 21L-28 front bar tires, deluxe cab, high road speed option. Stock #90760............. ..............................................$100,000 (3)

2015 John Deere 6150M tractor, 7582 hours, H360 loader, bucket, grapple (no midmount or joystick, loader uses rear SCVs), 20/20 PowrQuad+ with LHR, fixed MFWD 3 mechanical SCVs, 540/1000 PTO, 3-point, 520/85R38 rear and 420/85R28 front tires, cold start package. Stock #93008....... $73,500 (1) 2014 John Deere 6140M with 24 speed PowrQuad, fixed MFWD, 3 SCVs, H360 NSL loader with 8-ft. bucket/grapple, PFC hydraulic pump, 1-45# weight/ side, 480R42 rear and 420R28 front, one owner. Stock #92401.. $79,500 (14) 2023 John Deere 6R 145 with JD 640R with grapple, 20/20 AutoQuad transmission, front suspension (TLS), AutoTrac ready, 4200 display with AutoTrac activation, no receiver, 3 E-SCV, 540/1000/1000E PTO, standard radio, cab suspension, Panorama roof and lights, 480/80R46 duals with fender extensions and 1800 lb. weights, 420/85R32 fronts with turnable extensions, Cold Start II, fuel heating. Stock #92223............................ $212,500 (14) 2002 John Deere 7410 with 16 speed, PowrQuad with LHR, 740 loader ready, 3 SCVs, dual PTO, 3-point hitch, air seat, instructional seat, 420/85R46 rear and 380/80R30 front. Stock #86065....... ........................................... $62,000 (14)

#92403

2011 John Deere 7130 with MFWD, 16/16 PowrQuad transmission, 18.4R38 rear and 14.9R24 tires, steel wheels, air seat, 3 function loader ready with JD 740 classic loader with bucket/grapple, 2 SCV, 540/1000 PTO, 3-point hitch.

Stock #92403...................... $81,000 (4) 2023 John Deere 6110M with PowrQuad+ 24F/24R transmission, Isobus ready, less receiver and display, 3 SCVs, 540/1000 PTO, Cat 3N 3-point hitch, 480/70R 38 rear and 420/70R24 front tires, MFWD, cold start package, panorama roof, loader ready-3 function.

Stock #93208.................... $140,000 (4) 2019 Case IH Puma 150 CVT transmission loader/bucket/grapple, front suspension, 3 rear SCVs, 3-point with hydraulic center link front fender rear fenders, rear wheel weights. Stock #91888.............................$119,000 (11)

HAY PRODUCTS

Check out our selection of round balers, square balers, mower conditioners, and windrowers to meet your haying needs for the upcoming haying season.

2020 Kubota M7-172 Deluxe, IV transmission, LM2605 MSL loader (VIN# A1465) with new 8-ft. bucket/4 tine grapple, 480/80R42 rear tires 80%, 380/80R30 front tires 60%, no duals, 3 SCVs, 1000 PTO, Cat 3, 3-point, rack and pinion rear axle. Stock #92532........ ......................................... $109,000 (16) 1998 John Deere 6410 with cab, MFWD, 16 speed PowrQuad with LHR, 2 hydraulics, 540/1000 PTO, 3-point, air seat, corner exhaust, 640 loader with grapple and pallet fork. Stock #92353.... ........................................... $49,500 (14) 2020 John Deere 5090E with standard cab, MFWD, air suspension seat, deluxe cornerpost exhaust, 24F/12R power reserver transmission, dual mid SCVs, 18.4x30 rear, triple stackable rear deluxe SCVs with lever control, JD 520M loader. Stock #91732.................... ........................................... $67,500 (14)

MOWER CONDITIONERS

2013 John Deere 835 with 11.5-ft. rotary center pull mower conditioner with urethane conditioner, equal angle hitch, 31x13.5 tires, turnbuckle cutterbar angle adjustment. Stock #91101............... ......................................................... $20,000 (15) 2020 John Deere 946 with 14-ft. rotary, moco with impeller conditioner, 2-point hitch, 1 3/8” hookup, hydraulic tile. Stock #92798............. $26,000 (12)

#91093 2016 John Deere 956 14.5-ft. cut width, impeller conditioner, 2-point mount, large 1000 PTO, hydraulic tilt. Stock #91093................. $35,000 (14)

~ ~ ~ ROUND BALERS ~ ~ ~

2022 John Deere 560M with net wrap and twine, hydraulic pickup lift, 1000 PTO, 21.5L-16.1 tires, grease bank, MegaWide pickup, pushbar. Stock #91147......... ............................................$72,500 (11) 2023 John Deere 560M with twine and surface wrap, 1000 PTO, 21.5L-16.1 10 ply tires, MegaWide plus pickup, bale push bar, high moisture kit, variable core valve. Stock #90839...$60,000 (11)

#88053

2022 John Deere 560M round baler with 1000 PTO, 21.5-16.1 tires, MegaWide pickup, pushbar, surface wrap and twine, hydraulic pickup lift. Stock #88053................................ $52,000 (4)

2018 John Deere 560M round baler with precutter, 1000 PTO, 21.5-16.1 tires, twine/net, MegaWide pickup, pickup gauge wheels, bale accumulator. Stock #81836................................ $40,000 (4) 2016 John Deere 569 baler with 12561 bales, MegaWide pickup, twine and net, flotation tires, hydraulic pickup lift, push bar, variable core valve. Stock #93219.. ............................................$31,500 (11) 2018 John Deere 560M both twine and surface wrap, 1000 PTO, 5-ft. bales, 21.5L-16.1 10 ply tires, MegaWide+ pickup, bale push bar, high moisture kit, variable core valve. Stock #93432......... ........................................... $32,000 (12) 2018 John Deere 560M with both twine and surface wrap, 1000 PTO, 5-ft. bale, 21.5L-16.1 10 ply tires, MegaWide+ pickup, bale push bar, high moisture kit, variable core valve. Stock #93431......... ........................................... $30,500 (12) 2013 John Deere 569 5-ft.x6-ft. round baler, twine and net, 1000 PTO, big tires, push bar, hydraulic pickup lift, 1000 RPM PTO. Stock #92259...$26,500 (16)

2014 John Deere 569 with 1000 PTO, net and twine, MegaWide pickup, push bar, hydraulic pickup, 21.5L-156.1 tires, monitor. Stock #93040......... $25,000 (1) 2016 John Deere 569 with 13/8 1000 PTO, large tires, MegaWide+ pickup, push bar, surface wrap/twine, hydralic pickup lift. Stock #91914................... 20,000 (4) 2012 John Deere 569 with MegaWide pickup, hydraulic pickup, twine and net, big flotation tires, push bar, 1000 PTO... ........................................... $12,000 (16) New Holland Rollbelt 560 II with 5-ft.x6ft. bales, 1000 RPM PTO moisture sensor, net wrap only, 21.5Lx16.1 tires, 5 bar pickup reel, endless belts, hydraulic bale ramp. Stock #91345.. $45,000 (16) 2013 Case IH RB564 with MegaWide pickup, 1000 PTO, both twine and net wrap, endless belts, hydraulic pickup lift. Stock #93322................. $14,000 (3)

Check out our website: www.frontlineagsolutions.com to see photos and info on inventory

LARGE SQUARE BALERS

2021 John Deere L341, 3x4 large square baler with wide pickup, moisture sensor, roller chute, tandem axle, silage kit, 1 3 /4 1000 RPM PTO, auto grease bank.

Stock #88783.................. $152,500 (15) 2019 John Deere L341 3x4 baler with wide pickup, non-precutter, auto grease, tandem axle, baler assist, baler mobile, 1 3/8 1000 PTO, electric trip, roller chute, moisture sensor and mass flow, LED lights, no display. Stock #90267............. ........................................... $98,500 (14)

1=Conrad: 888-397-6851 2=Cut Bank: 888-673-9310 3=Choteau: 888-728-9254 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

www.frontlineagsolutions.com

11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

14=Great Falls: 888-760-2005 15=Belgrade: 866-282-3337 16=Livingston: 800-824-3932

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page A48

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Spread points available. See all @ vwmfgusa.com Spread points also available.

See allalso @ vwmfgusa.com

VW14FB

Testimonial: "More durable,

Spread points also available. See all @ vwmfgusa.com far longer life than OEM"

VW has full carbide along the wearWear edgeProtection for 3X+ Carbide more life than non carbide.

Flexi has no carbideVWJD1870PR along wear edge.

VWJD1870PR

Heavy Duty -Shank Opener

Wear Protection Carbide

2 Main Front Carbides For Wear Protection

VW21DSF-5

Heavy Duty have something that you’re Testimonial: C-Shank Opener Why not Oversized Carbide "More durable, going to get 3X+ more For Extra Side Wear wear. longerfor lifefree!! than OEM" Like Protection gettingfar 2 more Wear Protection Carbide

Full Length,far Side Wearlife than OEM" longer Protection Carbides (Both Sides)

Wear Protection Carbide

Oversized Carbide Large 3/4" Opening For Extra Side Wear For No Plugging Protection

Oversized Carbide For Extra Side Wear Full Length, Side Wear Protection 3 1/4” OD paired row spread Protection Carbides (Both Sides) Paired row for JD1870. See all @ vwmfgusa.com

Use with VW7CC and VW21DSF-4 or 5 to double shoot or VW21SB to side band. Also use with VW10FC-VW11FC-VW12FC-VW13FC. Very popular – Single shoot or double shoot. See all @ vwmfgusa.com

Attention: roduct Testimonial:

Preinstalled Bushings

VWJD1890 Seed Boot

"At least longer wear Paired row for JD1870.

See allshoot @3X vwmfgusa.com double shoot or VW21SB Use with VW7CC and VW21DSF-4 or 5 to double or VW21SB than John Deere"

Testimonials:

"13 years on 1890 Paired row for JD1870. See all @ vwmfgusa.com seed boots. The

FC-VW12FC-VW13FC. to side band. Also use with VW10FC-VW11FC-VW12FC-VW13FC. Preinstalled Bushings See all @ vwmfgusa.com Very popular – Single shoot or double shoot. See all @ vwmfgusa.com

to get your p Call nowVWJD1890 VWJD1870SO nd secured for the VWJD1890 a Boot ered Seed d r o Seed Boot Testimonials: Testimonial: n. o Testimonial: s a e s ll fa g in m upco riffs, ta g in d r a g e r s e tim With uncertain our best to o d l il w . fg M W etc. V cess o r p is th h g u o r navigate th ers. with our custom Wear Protection Carbides

"At least 3X longer wear than John Deere"

Wear Protection Carbides

"At least 3X longer wear "13 years on 1890 seed boots. The than John Deere" carbides have almost no wear"

Side Wear Protection Carbides (Both Sides)

Fits John Deere 1870 – Single shoot offset. See all @ vwmfgusa.com

otection Carbides

Side Wear Protection Carbides

Full Length, Side Wear Protection Carbides (Both Sides)

4” wide

VWJD1870SO Large 3/4" Opening For No Plugging

4 1/Testimonial: 2” Wide & 3 3/4” Paired Row Spread "More durable,

"After approximately 20,000 acres, the VWJD1890 has basically no wear"

carbides have almost no wear" Bushings Preinstalled

"After approximately 20,000 acres, the VWJD1890 has Testimonials: basically no wear" "13 years on 1890 seed boots. The carbides 300 - 500% Longer Life have almost no wear" Than OEM

Wear Protection Carbides

300 Fits - 500% Longer Lifedrill. Available in left or right.

JD1890/1895 ThanComes OEM with seed deflector at no charge.

"After approximately 20,000 acres, the VWJD1890 has basically no wear"

300 - 500% Longer Life Than OEM

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B1

2 W Spreading, Choteau MT ................................ B9 360 Rain, Chester, MT........................................ A44 3V Distributing, Conrad MT ................................ C28 7 W Enterprises, Inverness MT .......................... C42 A-Plus Auto, Great Falls MT ............................... C18 Abilene Machine Inc, Abilene KS........................ C26 Accelerated Metal Solutions, Glendive MT......... A44 Acciacca Agriculture Repair, Fairfield MT ........... A23 Acciacca Sales and Service, Fairfield MT ............ C2 Action Toys, Billings MT...................................... C16 Affordable Construction Equipment, Billings & Bozeman MT ............................................................ C23 Ag Trucks & Equipment, Great Falls MT ............ C27 Ag Wise, Kremlin MT ............................................ C5 ASH Supply, St. Ignatius, MT ............................... C4 Axmen, Missoula, MT ......................................... C10 Badland Truck Sales, Glendive MT .................... A35 Ben Taylor, Valier & Shelby MT .......................... B15 Big Equipment Co., Havre MT ............................ C17 Big Sky Equipment, Conrad MT ......................... B17 Big Sky Pipe, Great Falls MT ............................... A4 Big Sky Sawmill & Wood Products, Vaughn MT ... B8 Big Sky Wholesale Seeds, Shelby MT ............... B10 Big Tractors & Truck Sales, Billings, MT............... A3 Billings Farm & Ranch Supply, Billings MT......... C26 Bison Ford, Great Falls MT ................................ C19 Bjorn Johnson Construction, Missoula MT ......... C40 Bouma Truck Sales, Choteau, Great Falls MT .......... ...................................................................INSERT BTI Feeds, Cut Bank MT .................................... B15 Bull Mountain Fencing, Yoder, Dan, Roundup MT..... ......................................................................... B14 C & B Operations, LLC, Billings, Culbertson & Plentywood, MT, Sheridan, WY, Powell, WY...... B12, B13 Cascade Machine & Supply, Great Falls MT .......B11 Cen-Dak Sales & Leasing, Billings, MT ................ A2 Central Heating & Air Conditioning, Billings, MT....C35 Central Montana Distributing, Great Falls MT .... C44 Centrol Crop Consulting LLC, Brady & Conrad MT ... ........................................................................... C7 Churchill Equipment, Manhattan & Belgrade MT....A38 Circle S Seeds of Montana, Three Forks MT ....... B2 Cut Bank Tire, Cut Bank MT ................................. B7 Dakota Truck & Farm, Minot ND......................... C46 David Steed Company, Idaho Falls, ID............... C48 DBL Sales & Service, Coffee Creek MT .....C14, C42 Doane Western of Montana, Bozeman MT ........ A28 Double Diamond Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT .................................................................... A30 Dry Fork Ag, Ledger MT ..................................... C47 Ellingson Air Seeder Repair, LLC, Braham MN .... B1

Index

RPH Irrigation Services, Reinke, Choteau MT ..... C3 Rydelle Enterprises, Drummond MT .................... C7 Schweiss Hydraulic & BiFold Doors, Hector, MN ......

Equipment Share, Billings, MT ........................... C19 M & M Auto, Trailers, & Welding, Stevensville MT..... ......................................................................... C38 ......................................................................... C32 Severinsen Irrigation, Zimmatic & RMB Bins, Fairfield Evergreen Wood Products, Moore MT ............... A19 Exchange Services, Inc, Whitefish MT ............... B16 M & W Machine, Three Forks MT....................... A38 MT ...................................................................... C1 Flaman Rentals, Power MT ........................C16, C24 Marias River Farms, 360 Rain, Chester MT ....... A44 Shortline Ag, Scobey MT .................................... B24 Fox Ford, Wolf Point MT..................................... A40 Marks Lumber, Clancy MT.................................. C36 Signature Auto & Equipment, Spearfish & Belle Frank Merchant Roofing, Great Falls MT ........... B20 MDSS, Inc. (Montana Dakota Scale Service), Fairview Fourche SD ...................................................... C37 MT .................................................................... A17 Smith Truck Service, Great Falls, MT ................. B16 Fraser’s Oil Inc., Inverness MT........................... C34 Frieling’s Agricultural Equipment, Great Falls MT...... Montana Ag Safety Program .............................. C12 Snowy Mountain Motors, Lewistown MT ............ A20 ..................................A11, A25, B9, B21, C11, C39 Montana Farrier Supply, Livingston MT .............. A32 Sod Buster Sales, Polson MT..................... A22, A44 Frontline Ag Solutions Dillon, Dillon MT ............... B3 Montana Fence, Billings, Bozeman, Great Falls, Sonny Todd Real Estate, Big Timber MT............ A12 Kalispell MT......................................A26, A40, B23 SprayFlex, Henke Enterprises, Chester, MT ...... A36 Frontline Ag Solutions, Multiple locations MT ............ ................................................................. A46, A47 Montana Fiberglass Inc, Lewistown MT ............. A37 Steel Etc, Great Falls MT .................................. A45 Glass Trucking, Denton MT ................................ C15 Montana Metal Fabrications, Great Falls MT ..... C10 Stokes Contracting, Conrad MT ...................A41, C9 Golden Triangle Seeds, Rudyard MT ................. B18 Montana Seeds, Conrad MT ................................ B6 Sullivan Brothers Construction, Conrad MT ....... A30 Gordon Repair, LLC, Miles City MT ...................... C6 Montech Seed Group, MT .................................. B20 Sunrise Hoppers, Bow Island AB Canada .......... C28 Great Plains, Dealers ......................................... C21 Mountain View Canvas, Fairfield MT .................. A13 T & S Sales, Spokane WA ............................B6, C10 Greenway Seeds, Caldwell ID ............................ A31 Mountain View Metalworks, Wilsall MT .............. C29 T & T Farm Supply, LLC, Chester MT................... C1 Greyn Fertilizer, Choteau, Dutton, Valier MT ...... B19 MT Tractors, Matt Pendergast, Stevensville MT....B20 Taylor Farm Store, Shelby MT ............................ B15 Grossenburg Equipment, Multiple Locations SD, Muddy Creek Truss, Fairfield, MT ...................... C29 Taylor Transportation, Great Falls, MT ............... A16 Multiple Locations NE, Sundance WY ............. A29 Musselshell Valley Equipment, Roundup MT ............ TCB Transport LLC, Geyser MT ......................... C16 ....................................................A21, B7, C3, C25 Teton Trucks & Service, Choteau, MT ................ A36 Hamilton Systems, Inc. Hamilton ND ................. C13 Heartland Cabin Co., Moore MT......................... B24 Neal Hay Sales, Augusta MT.............................. C36 The Fagenstrom Co. Great Falls MT .................. B14 Heartland Seed Company, Moccasin MT ............. B9 North Star Equipment, Great Falls MT ............... C35 Thomas Lally Horseshoeing, Scobey MT ........... C29 Hedman, Inc, Grass Range MT .......................... C31 Northern Ford, Cut Bank MT .............................. C33 Three Forks Lumber & Ready Mix, Three Forks MT .

Helfert’s Helena Farm Supply, East Helena MT....A34 Northern Prairie Auto Sales, Wolf Point MT........ A28 ......................................................................... A46 Henke Enterprises, SprayFlex & Big Dog Mowers, NOV Fiberglass Systems, TX ............................. C38 Tiber Tractor Co., Chester MT ............................ C13 Chester MT ..................................................... A36 Nutrien Ag Solutions, Inc, Conrad, Great Falls, Billings, Titan Applications - formerly Heartland Ag Systems, Fort Benton, Belgrade, Hardin ,Chester, Shelby, Henry Building Systems, Pelican Rapids MN ..... A40 ID, KS, MT, ND, NE, SD, WA ........................... C15 MT ...................................................................... B8 Tom’s Shop, Grass Range MT.............................. B2 Highline Communications, Cut Bank MT ............ C12 Holst Truck Parts, Ucon, ID .................................B11 Oxbow Engineering LLC, Randy Pierce PE Three Treasure State Seed, Fairfield MT...................... B23 Forks MT .......................................................... C24 Treasure State Wood Boilers, LLC, Bigfork, MT....A22 Hotsy Wy-Mont, Great Falls & Billings MT ......... C20 Hoven Equipment Co., Great Falls & Lewistown MT Pedigree Truck & Trailer Sales, New Salem, ND....B22 Tri-County Implement, Sidney MT ...................... C47 ......................................................................... A39 Pete’s Auto Sales, Great Falls MT...................... C45 Tri-State Truck & Equipment, Belgrade, Billings, Great Hwy 12 Equipment & Repair, Baker MT ............... C6 Platinum Auto Center, Big Timber MT ................ A42 Falls MT, Casper WY, Rock Springs WY.......... A37 I-State Truck Center, Missoula ........................... A17 Powerhouse Equipment, Floweree MT .............. B14 Triple T Sales, Chinook MT ........................A43, C44 Irvine’s Trailers, Crossfield AB Canada .............. A16 Precision Truck & Trailer, Havre MT ................... C41 TT&E Inc, Victor MT & Spearfish SD .................. A20 J & T Equipment Sales, Stevensville MT ............ A24 Price Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT.... C20 Vaughn Truck, Havre MT ...................................... B4 J Bar T Bins & Steel Buildings, Chester MT ....... B16 Pro-Tech Steel LLC, Great Falls MT................... A41 VW Mfg, Chester MT .......................................... A48 Jamieson Motors, Inc., Chinook MT ...........A26, C22 Quality Custom Sheds, Moore MT ..................... C46 Weaver Grain Bins, Power MT ........................... C36 Jim Nielsen Trucks & Parts, Butte MT .................. B6 R & L Seed & Machine LLC, Geyser MT .............. C6 Weedbusters Biocontrol, Missoula ....................... C2 Johnsen Trailer Sales, Inc., Bismarck & Fargo ND ... RDO Equipment, Kalispell, MT ........................... C22 Wichman Ag Supply LLC, Hilger MT .................... C6 ........................................................................... B5 RDO Equipment, Missoula MT ........................... C22 Wild Horse Seed, Havre MT ................................. B5 Kois Brothers, Great Falls & Billings MT ............ A33 Reddig Equipment & Repair, Kalispell MT.......... C26 WinField-United, Billings, MT ............................. C32 Krogmann Mfg. ................................................... C24 Redhead Equipment, Regina SK Canada .......... C43 Wollman Trucking, Moore MT............................. A22 Lakeland Feed & Supply, Dillon & Hamilton MT....A32 Reinke, RPH Irrigation Services, Choteau MT ..... C3 XB Trailer Sales, Great Falls MT ........................ C30 Lattin & Sons, Power MT ............................C16, C24 Roofing By Frank Merchant, Great Falls, MT ..... B20 Zimmatic, Severinsen Irrigation, Fairfield MT ....... C1 Laurel Trading Post, Laurel MT .......................... C14 Roger Rader, Inc, Sun River MT ........................ B22 Zimmerman Manure & Silage Hauling, Fairfield MT..

Lee’s Trapworks, LTD, Swift Currant Canada....... C4 Rowse Farm Equipment, Avon MT ..................... C12 ........................................................................... B4

Do you have a John Deere Air Seeder, CCS, or Box Drill that is in need of regular maintenance or serious repairs? ~ Save the hassle and cost of taking your equipment to the dealership - WE’LL COME TO YOU! ~ We provide the best quality parts from a variety of industry leading vendors, and perform on-site repairs that won’t break the bank! ~ Give us a call today to schedule a free on-site inspection of your equipment!

NATION-WIDE SERVICE AVAILABLE! FIND US ON FACEBOOK

John Ellingson - Owner

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B2

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

800900 SERIES

(406) 428-2272

TOM’S SHOP Grass Range, MT

2004 Ford Super Cab with a Deweze 375 2021 Chevrolet 3500 6.6L gas, double cab, 46,000 miles.

Call & Book Your Spring Seed Today!

4

Syngenta AAC Synergy

4

Wheats

WB9668 WB9879CLP WB9724CLP WB9707

Try our House Mixes!!!!

Always Available for your Residential, Native/Reclamation, and Pasture Grass Needs * Visit our Website or Give us a Call for more information

✽ Forage Barleys, Oats, Peas & Triticale ✽ ✽ Custom Pasture & Hay Mixes ✽ ✽ FSG Alfalfa ✽ ✽ Complete Grass Seed Selection ✽ See us for your CRP needs

Give us a call!

Other Items Available Upon Request

Post Office Box 130 Three Forks, MT 59752

406-285-3269 www.circlesseeds.com

WestBred®, Improving Nature’s Grains and the Wheat design are trademarks of Monsanto Technology, LLC

NILE Foundation Scholarship winners announced The NILE Foundation proudly announces the scholarship winners for the 2025-2026 academic year.

“The NILE Foundation is excited to announce this year’s scholarship winners! $30,000 will be awarded this spring to recipients planning to attend universities, junior colleges, and trade schools,” says Al McCormick, NILE Scholarship Committee Chair. “Seventy-one high school and college students from across the United States submitted applications. The committee was very impressed by the high-quality, topnotch applicants that applied.”

The NILE Foundation takes pride in being able to assist youth in agriculture. 18 new recipients were awarded scholarships and five rolling scholarships were renewed.

Since 1990, the NILE and NILE Foundation have awarded over $1,350,000 in cash and ‘live animal’ scholarships to deserving youth active in 4-H, FFA, and their communities. The following recipients excelled in the classroom while participating in NILE events.

Scholarships were awarded on various levels described below: One-time $1,000 scholarships are awarded to graduating high school seniors that will continue their education at a college or vocational school.

A one-time $2,000 “Shining Star Award” is a scholarship offered to a graduating high school senior that excelled academically, in their community, and at NILE Events.

Collegiate Scholarships are a $1,000 onetime grant, for students already enrolled in college or a vo-tech school.

The Rolling Scholarships are offered to a select group of high school seniors who may renew the scholarship annually for up to four years of their secondary education.

Recipients for the 2025 rolling scholarships were chosen from the pool of applicants that are current seniors in High School.

NILE Legacy Award is a $500 award that is awarded to students based on their involvement in NILE and NILE activities.

Hugh F. Miller Memorial Scholarship was created in memory of long time NILE Member Hugh Miller. Two $1,000 scholarships will be awarded in his memory.

Seven one-time scholarships have been awarded to the following seniors in high school in the amount of $1,000: Johanna DeMars Johanna DeMars is the daughter of Joe & Jodi DeMars of Winifred, MT. She is currently a student at Winifred High School, where she will graduate in May. Johanna plans to attend Montana State University to study Mechanical Engineering with hopes of becoming an Agricultural Equipment Engineer.

Lane Hess Lane Hess will be attending Montana State University - Northern where he plans to study Diesel Mechanics. In May, Lane will graduate from Park City High School.

Lane is the son of John & Nicole Hess of Park City, MT.

Elizabeth Jordan Elizabeth Jordan is the daughter of Wayne & Nicole Jordan of Alva, WY. After graduating from Hulett High School, she plans to attend Casper College to study Animal Science. Elizabeth plans to pursue a career in Bovine Reproduction, with specific interest in performing research on the effects of pine needles and how they induce abortions on late term calves.

Derek Lachenmeier Derek Lachenmeier is a soon to be graduate of Huntley Project High School.

Derek plans to attend the Western College of Auctioneering after graduation, where he plans to pursue a career as Auctioneer. He is the son of Josh & Lisa Lachenmeier of Huntley, MT. Blair Sanchez Blair Sanchez will be attending Fort Scott Community College in Fort Scott, KS where she plans to study Agricultural Business, while being an active member of the Livestock Judging Team. In May, Blair will graduate from Burns High School. Blair is the daughter of Eddie & Dawn Sanchez of Burns, WY. Cooper Sanchez Cooper Sanchez is the son of Eddie & Dawn Sanchez of Burns, WY. After graduating from Burns High School, he plans to attend Seward County Community College in Liberal, KS to study Ag Mechanics and be a member of the Livestock Judging Team. Cooper plans to pursue a career in Construction Management.

Alexia Smieja Alexia Smieja is the daughter of Trevor & Cassie Smieja of Belgrade, MT. She is currently a home school student and will graduate in May. Alexia plans to attend Oklahoma State University to study Agriculture Education with plans of becoming an Agriculture Education Teacher/Extension Agent.

The 2025 Shining Star Award is a scholarship that will be given to an outstanding graduating high school senior for the onetime amount of $2,000: CONTINUED ON PAGE B4

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 – Page B3

JOHN DEERE

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JOHN DEERE

1-406-683-4281 • 1-800-683-4281 1025 Selway Drive, Dillon, MT 59725 After hours - Sales -

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Craig Johnson 406-660-1158 Alden Cashmore 406-925-0319 Josh Taylor 406-925-9449

Big or Small, We have it all!

JOHN DEERE

Contact Us for ALL your John Deere Equipment Needs!

2-New Maybridge 31-ft. carted harrows, 5/8” mat, hydraulic fold.

Stock #80623 & 80624. Each..........................................$20,900 2018 Lemken Karat 9/500 16.5-ft. chisel plow. Stock #85269.$80,000 2015 Parma 25-ft. single roller packer..................................$33,000

TRACTORS 2023 John Deere 6110M cab tractor, MFWD, 24 speed PowrQuad with reverser, 3 SCVs, 30 gpm hydraulic pump, rack & pinion rear axle, cast wheels, 3 function loader ready, mechanical cab suspension & Panoram roof. Factory Warranty good till 4-182026, Powertrain Warranty good will 4-17-2030 or 4000 hours.

502 hours. Stock #93208...............................................$140,000 2018 New Holland T6.170 cab, MFD, 16 speed, Dual Command transmission, 845TL loader & grapple, 888 hours. Stock #86681...........................................................................$126,000 New Holland T6.165 cab tractor, MFD, 16 speed Powershift transmission, 3 SCVs, 855LA 2 function loader 1220 hours. Stock #92103.............................................................................$99,000 2015 New Holland T7.210 T4A MFD, 165 hp, Powershift, 3 SCVs, 2380 hours. Stock #91852.............................................$120,000 2005 John Deere 6715 cab, MFWD, 16 speed PowrQuad, left hand reverser, 3 SCVs, front tires 320/90/42, rear tires 320/90/54, 3789 hours. Stock #87936........................................................$65,000 (3) 2023 John Deere 5090E cab tractors, MFWD, 12/12 transmission with left hand reverser, loader ready, air seat, 3 SCVs, approximately 700 hours. Factory warranty good till 10-2025, Powertrain good till 10-2028 or 3500 hours. Stock #91750, #91751 and #91752............................................... Each $68,500 2022 John Deere 4066R cab tractor with 440 R loader, air seat, 2 rear SCVs, Beacon light and rear work lights. 8 hours....$65,000 2018 John Deere 2025R tractor with 120R loader, hydrostratic transmission, mechanical front wheel drive, 3 point, 540 PTO, 110 hours. Stock #92368.................................................$20,000 2013 John Deere 1890/1910 42-ft. air drill, estimated 75,000 acres, 7.5” spacing, ground drive. Stock #92946.......................$92,000

Great Selection of new & used windrowers

SQUARE BALERS

STINGERS

NEW 2024 Stinger 6500, poly rails.. $395,000 plus freight & options USED 2022 Stinger 6500, poly rails, 880 hours.................$350,000

Call for pricing and hours

WINDROWERS & HEADER

(2) 2024 John Deere 561M 1000 PTO with cam clutch, net wrap, flotation tires, moisture sensor, bale scale, grease bank..$68,000 2024 John Deere 561M 1000 PTO with cam clutch, net wrap, flotation tires, moisture sensor and grease bank..........................$65,000 2023 John Deere 560M round baler, 1000 PTO, net wrap, MegaWide pickup, hydraulic pickup, flotation tires, grease bank, 5866 bales.

Stock #91146...................................................................$59,500 2014 John Deere 569 1000 PTO, net wrap & twine, MegaWide pickup, bale push bar, hydraulic pickup, 20,572 bales. Stock #93539...... .........................................................................................$24,500

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2024 John Deere W200M windrower with R400 13-ft. header, steel conditioner, 547 hours. Stock #91837...........................$177,500

ROUND BALERS

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Great Selection IN STOCK Come In And Check Them Out! JOHN DEERE

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2024 John Deere W235M windrower with R500 16-ft. header, steel conditioner, 3 hours. Stock #91838...............................$213,000 2023 John Deere W235M windrower, R500 16-ft. header, steel conditioner, 635 hours. Stock #91192............................$198,000 2021 John Deere W235 windrower with R500 16-ft. header, steel conditioner, premium cab, 4640 with activation, no globe. Stock #92094...........................................................................$145,000 2017 John Deere 235 windrower with 994 14.5-ft. header, steel conditioner. Stock #92949. 1389 hours.........................$139,000 2016 John Deere W235 windrower with 994 14.5-ft. header, steel conditioner, header has about 500 hours use. Stock #92122. 2000 hours..............................................................................$118,000 2024 John Deere W200M windrower with R400 13-ft. header, steel conditioner, 4 hours. Stock #91836...............................$186,000

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With 13-ft. & 16-ft. headers available

“NEW” JOHN DEERE SKIDSTEERS

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2018 Massey-Ferguson 2290 4x4 square baler, 31,024 bales. Stock #88736.............................................................................$99,900 2019 New Holland L330 3x3 baler, single axle, hydraulic pickup, auto grease bank, bale chute, 11,270 bales. Stock #91260....$80,000 2017 New Holland L340 3x4 baler, tandem axle, moisture sensor, Maxi sweep pickup with gauge wheels, 1000 PTO, bale chute, 25,185 bales. Stock #91262............................................$62,500

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AIR DRILL

MISCELLANEOUS

John Deere 595 backhoe, 5M Series mounting brackets, 14” bucket, like new. Stock #89958....................................................$13,000 2019 John Deere 260B backhoe 12” bucket, fits 1025R tractor. Stock #90942................................................................................$7500 2023 John Deere R500 16-ft. header, steel conditioner. Stock #91200.............................................................................$52,500 2016 John Deere 994 header, steel conditioner, 14.5-ft. Stock #91242.............................................................................$19,500 (2) 2018 New Holland 216 hydraulic rake. Stock #88660 & Stock #91171. Each...................................................................$19,500 2013 TwinStar 24-ft rake......................................................$13,000 1993 John Deere 970 25-ft. roller harrow, hydraulic fold, S-tines, rear scrapers. Stock #93333.......................................................$9750 Bale King Vortex 3000 round bale processor, left hand discharge with hydraulic deflector chute. Stock #92911......................$8500 Woods RT60 rototiller. Stock #85226......................................$3600 Woods SB74C snowblower with manual discharge................$4949 Woods DHS 80C 80” disc. Stock #84418................................$3520 Woods BO72RC 72” rotary cutter............................................$4290 2019 Frontier RC 2048 rotary cutter, 48” cut, 540 PTO driveline with slip clutch, front & rear chain enclosures. Stock #92369.....$1600 Woods TK72 72” finish mower. Stock #84419.........................$4600 2020 Frontier WC1205 wood chipper, 540 PTO, 5” capacity, 35-95 hp, like new. Stock #92065..................................................$6400 Frontier AF11E 72” front blade with John Deere 300/400/500 mounts, never used. Stock #92095...................................................$2800

JOHN DEERE

2023 John Deere 8R 340 Signature Edition, IVT with RHR, ILS, full GPS, 6 SCVs, 380/90R54 rear tires with duals, 380/80R38 front tires with duals, 270 hours. 6 year/4000 hour extended PowrGard Warranty. Stock #90254.............................$433,000 2023 John Deere 8R 310 MFWD, IVT, air seat, cab suspension, right hand reverser, 60 gpm hydraulic pump, 6 SCVs, 480/80R 50 rear duals, 420/85R 34 front duals, 22 front weights, 1500 lb. rear weights, 590 hours. PowrQuad Warranty till 3-2029 or 4000 hours. Stock #89857.....................................................$398,000 2022 John Deere 8R 310 IVT with RHR, ILS, full GPS, 6 SCVs, 480/80R50 rear tires with duals, 420/85R34 front tire with duals, 897 hours. 6 year/4000 hour extended PowrGard Warranty.

Stock #90255.................................................................$373,000 2022 John Deere 7R 290 cab tractor, MFWD, IVT transmission, Command Pro, air seat & cab suspension, triple link suspension, front & rear fenders, Ultimate Visibility package. PowrGard Warranty good till 10-23-2029 or 5000 hours. Which ever comes first. 446 hours. Stock #91693......................................................$328,000 2024 John Deere 6155M cab tractor, MFWD with 640R loader and grapple, 20 speed PowrQuad with left hand reverser, AutoTrac ready less receiver, 3 SCVs, beacon & work lights, triple link front suspension, mechanical cab suspension, Panorama roof, 2450# weights each side & ballast. Factory Warranty good till 4-6-2026 or 2000 hours. PowrQuad Warranty good till 4-4-2030 or 4000 hours. 585 hours. Stock #93179...................................$200,000 2023 John Deere 6110M cab tractor, MFWD, 24 speed PowrQuad with reverser, 3 SCVs, 30 gpm hydraulic pump, rack & pinion rear axle, cast wheels, 3 function loader ready, mechanical cab suspension & Panorama roof. Factory Warranty good till 4-182026, Powertrain Warranty good till 4-17-2030 or 4000 hours.

Stock #93207.................................................................$142,500

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Great Selection of “NEW” JOHN DEERE tractors for your every need

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TILLAGE

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B4

NILE Foundation Scholarship winners announced

IH SUPER C Fire damaged IH Super C Lots of good parts.

If you can use it it’s yours.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE B2

Phone (406) 825-4791 for more information

Zimmerman Bale Stacking Can stack all big bales 3x4s, 3x3s, 4x4s, and round bales

Zimmerman Manure & Silage Hauling • Any job big or small • Loader and skid steer available.

• Vertical beaters for even spreading • Silage pushing

Will also do wheel loader work

Phone (406) 788-9480 or (406) 467-2845 Arnold Zimmerman, 661 4th Rd NE, Fairfield, MT 59436

Havre, MT 59501 406-265-6387 jim@vaughntrucksales.com Website: www.vaughntrucksales.com

2026 DEMCO SIDE DUMP

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Casie Flannagan Casie Flannagan plans to attend college at Montana State University and study Agriculture Business where her future plans are to become a Ranch Manager. Casie is a soon-to-be graduate of Corvallis High School and is the daughter of Stacie Stornettt of Florence, MT. Two high school seniors have been awarded rolling scholarships in the amount of $1,000 annually for up to four years.

They are: Garrett Burkett Garrett is the son of Jeremy & Karen Burkett of Evansville, WY. In May, Garrett will graduate from Natrona County High School. Garrett plans to study Animal Science at Casper College with plans of pursuing his goal of becoming a Veterinarian.

Claire Murnin Claire is a soonto-be-graduate of Shepherd High School. She is the daughter of Jared & Julie Murnin of Pompey’s Pillar, MT. Claire plans to attend Montana State University and study Agricultural Business, and her future plan is to be an Agriculture Lobbyist.

Students selected as rolling scholarship recipients must remain in good standing by maintaining a 3.0 cumulative GPA as a full-time student in college. These recipients must also continue involvement in NILE, while participating in college organizations and activities The following students of the class of 2024 have met these requirements and will be rewarded with their second installment of a rolling scholarship in the amount of $1,000.

Miya Carey Miya is a current student at Wayne State College in Wayne, NE where she is studying Chemistry/PrePharmacy, with goals of becoming a Pharmacist. She is the daughter of Tyler & Misty Carey of Atkinson, Nebraska Jhett West Jhett West is the son of Justin & Rindy West of S h e r i d a n , W Y. Jhett is currently attending Blinn College in Brenham, TX where he is a member of the Livestock Judging Team and is studying Agriculture Business. His future plans include working as an Ag Lawyer once he completes his secondary education.

The following student of the class of 2023 has met the requirements and will be rewarded with their third installment of a rolling scholarship in the amount of $1,000.

Leah Beery Leah is the daughter of Matt & Krista Beery of Circle, MT. Leah is currently attending Northwest College in Powell, WY where she will graduate with her Associate’s Degree in May. This fall, Leah plans to attend South Dakota State University to continue studying Agriculture Education. Leah plans on working as an Agriculture Education in rural Montana or Wyoming after she completes her secondary education.

The following students of the class of 2022 have met the requirements and will be rewarded with their final installment of rolling scholarship in the amount of $1,000.

Brighton Lane Brighton is a graduate of Huntley Project High School. She is the daughter of Matthew & Jamie Lane of Huntley, MT. Brighton will graduate from Northeastern Oklahoma A&M University in Miami, OK this spring. She plans to continue at Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, OK to study Agriculture Communication and Animal Science with plans of becoming an Agricultural Lawyer or Advocate.

Raegan Nansel Raegan Nansel is the daughter of Jay & Gayle Nansel of Billings, MT. Raegan graduated from Billings West High School and is currently majoring in Agriculture Business - Agribusiness Management and Economics at Montana State University in Bozeman. Her future plans include attending law school and advocating for folks within the Agriculture industry.

Five current college students pursuing degrees in higher education have been awarded a Secondary Scholarship in the amount of $1,000.

Morgan Friede Hailing from C h i n o o k , M T, M o rg a n i s t h e daughter of Scott & Fay Friede.

Morgan currently attends North Dakota State University and is majoring in Accounting with hopes of working for an agriculture based CPA firm while continuing to raise her own seedstock herd in the future.

CONTINUED ON PAGE B8

Alfalfa early season weed control

By Todd Whitney, UNL Spring is a critical time to control weeds in alfalfa especially for thin alfalfa stands with fields older than four years. If inter-seeding forages such as oats or rotating to an alternative crop are not viable options for thin fields, then the next strategy will likely be controlling grassy and broadleaf weeds while they are still small. When weeds grow faster than stressed alfalfa, seedlings are robbed of moisture, nutrients, and light. Left uncontrolled; weeds can thin stands, weaken plants, and lower yields.

For broadleaf weeds, mowing may be an option while the alfalfa is growing slowly. Adjust mowing height so several leaves remain on the seedlings after clipping to aid in alfalfa regrowth. However, if mower clippings may smother young alfalfa seedlings; then alternative herbicide application may still be your best weed control option.

For Round-up Ready® or RR tolerant varieties, glyphosate applications sprayed in early spring can assist alfalfa in effectively overcoming emerging weeds. When establishing new alfalfa stands, Eptam®; Balan DF®; and Trust® are labelled. For seedling alfalfa, post-emergent herbicides include: AIM®; Moxy 2E®; Poast®; Buctril®; Raptor®; Select Max®; Prowl H²O®; Warrant®; Pursuit®; Metribuzin; Arrow®; Glyphosate; and Butyrac 200®.

For established alfalfa, labelled broadleaf or grassy herbicides include: Aim®; Moxy 2E®; Butytrac®; Chateau®; Gramoxone®; Karmex®; Metribuzin®; Prowl H²O®; Treflan®; Arrow®; MCPA Amine®; Warrant®; Glyphosate; and Velpar®.

Remember that improved herbicide effectiveness begins with applying products early while the weed are less than 4 inches tall. More details regarding alfalfa weed control herbicide comparisons are available in the 2025 Nebraska Extension publication EC-130 “Guide for Weed, Disease and Insect Management ##### On the 200th anniverary of Lincoln’s birth in 2009, the U.S. Mint introduced pennies that depict four different representations of his life. These replaced the Lincoln Memorial on the penny.

##### The space shuttle Atlantis (March 2007) brought a lead cargo tag from Jamestown colony in honor of the history of American exploration.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B5

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2021 Wilson 29-ft. lead trailer, 25-ft. 6” pup with air operated expandable draw bar. Disc brakes on the set!

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2023 Wilson lead & pup, 41x102x79 lead trailer, 21x102x79 pup trailer. Very nice trailers.

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2020 Wilson 48x102x72 triple axle, ag hoppers, hydro traps, eletric tarp, rear axle lift.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B6

JIM NIELSEN TRUCK & PARTS, INC. P.O. Box 3072 • 4075 Wynne Avenue • Butte, Montana 59702 • (406) 494-3394 • Mobile (406) 565-7235

Drone test prep course

Ready to earn your drone wings? Nebraska Extension’s 2025 summer lineup for the Part 107 Remote Pilot Exam 1990 Fruehauf 48-ft. shop & parts trailer, excellent (4) Used hoist assemblies scissor and center post.

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Online pre-registration is required. The course registration fee is $275. Discounts are available to eligible students and educators by completing an online application.

Summer Part 107 Course Schedule May 15 (Thursday) Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County conference rooms, 444 Cherrycreek Road, Suite A, Lincoln, NE 68528 Pre-registration deadline: May 12 May 30 (Friday) • NON BLOAT UNL West Central Research, Extension, and Education TURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT Center, 402 W. State Farm Rd., North Platte, NE 69101 Preregistration deadline: May 26 • APHID & WEEVIL RESISTANT June 27 (Friday) Hall County Extension Office, 3180 US-34, Grand Island, NE 68801 Pre-registration deadline: June 23 July 11 (Friday) Platte County Extension Office, 2715 13th St., Columbus, NE 68601 Pre-registration deadline: July 7 July 17(Thursday) Lancaster County Extension Office, 44 Cherrycreek Rd. Suite A, Lincoln, NE 68528 Pre-registration deadline: July 14 August 1 (Friday) UNL West Central Research, Extension, and Education Flat Bottom Bins - Hopper Bins - Aeration Systems - Retrofits Center, 402 W. State Farm Rd., North Platte, NE 69101 PrePowersweep Unloads - Dryers - Concrete - Installation registration deadline: July 28 August 8 (Friday) Hall County Extension Office, 3180 US-34, Grand Island, NE 68801 Pre-registration deadline: August 4 406.579.5125 August 14 (Thursday) NwGrainAugers.com Lancaster County Extension Office, 44 Cherrycreek Rd. Suite A, Lincoln, NE 68528 Pre-registration deadline: Livestock, wildlife, and even honey bees prefer Sainfoin over o August11 montanaseeds.com montanaseeds@gmail.com Alfalfa dealers are despartely August 29 (Friday)trying to get the condensed tan UNL West Centralsales Research, Extension,you and to Education Montanaseeds.com Alfalfa and use high pressure to convince grow A montanaseeds@gmail.com Center, 402 W. State Farm Rd., North Platte, NE 69101 Pre(Webster’s Dictionary) deadline: Aug. 25 montanaseeds.com Sainfoin leavesregistration naturally contain tannins, allowing the protein montanaseeds@gmail.com For further details or questions, please reach out to Dr. ed instead of excreted.

• Rocky Mountain Remont Dirk Charlson at 402-460-0742 (cell).

This Part 107 Remote Pilot Exam Prep Course offered by • Delaney Nebraska Extension is not affiliated with dronereturn education Sanfoin’s palability and digestibility provides more per • Shoshone provided by the Nebraska Innovation Studio or Nebraska to Alfalfa. Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed or hayed gives produ Campus.

• NON BLOAT to best utilize Innovation it’s benefits in your operation.

GRAIN HANDLING & STORAGE

o Green And Pink

llution Less, Save Energy

ealthy, Wholesome Fodder ”

cky Mountain Remont - $1.50/lb Delaney - $2.00/lb Shoshone - Price on request

• NATURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT ons: • APHID & WEEVIL RESISTANT

FOIN

Scheduling first cutting

ALFALFA

Growing best practices:

me • Legume

By Ben Beckman, UNL Bloat • Bloat • SainfoinAsestablishes itself without cover crop. spring temperatures rise acrossaNebraska, now’s the vil & Aphid Resistant • Weevil Problem • Best iftime nottomixed with plants Getting such asthat barley plan your first other alfalfa cutting. first cutor w wildlife, and even honey bees prefer Sainfoin over other forages. mal LossLivestock, Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein right is per moreacre important than manyor realize—it sets the Alfalfa dealers are despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their 30 pounds for dryland 1 cutting, 40 pace poun Alfalfa and use high pressure sales toFertilizer convince youExpense to grow Alfalfa.

Fertilizer Expense • Hefty for the entire season. for irrigated leaves naturally contain tannins, allowing protein to be digestWaitingor toomulti-cuts. long to harvest can lead to lower forage qualp WeedSainfoin Control • Expensive Weedthe Control b ed instead of excreted.

• Seed in fall or spring whenThat moisture willsecond be held to t ity and delayed regrowth. pushes your cutting No Gas • Methane Gas (Bloat) bor Go Green Pink Sanfoin’s And palability and digestibility provides more wildlife, return pereven tonhoney compared Livestock, and bees prefer Sainfoin over2025 other forages. $2.75/lb. if purchased before April 1, later of intoan theinch summer, when and drought stress can limit t Production to Alfalfa.

Sanfoin’s ability be grazed or Alfalfa hayed givesare producers options dealers despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their • Seed 3/4 deep orheat less. of •toComplicated Production Pollution Less, Save Energy to best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

Alfalfa and use high pressure sales to convince you to grow Alfalfa. yield.

It can also throw off your third or even fourth cuttings, Reasons: ” Seed“Healthy, Cost Wholesome Fodder • High Seed Cost Livestock, wildlife, and even honey bees • Hay/graze when near full bloom. total tons per acre.

Sainfoin leaves naturally contain tannins, allowing the protein to be digestshortening the season and reducing Growing best practices: prefer Sainfoin over other forages. High• Enhancement Non-GMO Legume Rocky Mountain Remont• - •$1.50/lb instead of excreted.

Stand Expensive ed Stand Replacement • Sainfoin establishes itself without a cover crop.

On the flip side, cutting too early—before late bud ly digestible and a higher sugar content - with $2.00/lb • Best ifDelaney not mixed other plants such aspalability barleyand or digestibility wheat. provides more return per ton compared • No Bloat • Low Seed Cost Sanfoin’s Palatability • Less Palatability Protein stage—can hurt stand vigor and root reserves, especially in Shoshone - Price 30 pounds peron acrerequest for dryland or 1 40 pounds per acre Sainfoin the oredge Alfalfa. to cutting, Alfalfa.gives Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed hayed over gives producers options • Alfalfa Weevil for irrigated orResistant multi-cuts. best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

Pollen Production • Less PollentoProduction younger fields.

Reasons: For more informa Sainfoin leaves naturally contain conA • Seed in fall or spring when moisture will be held to the seed.

N A T SAINFOIN ALFALFA • Cheap Weed Control N A good rule of thumb?

Aim for 750 growing degree days or Produced at 60° F • Nectar Produced at 90° F • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less. densed tannins, allowing the protein to Growing best practices: MO • Legume • Legume • Hay/graze when near full bloom.

Rollie Schlep from green-up and target the late bud to early bloom stage.

• Non Bloat • Bloat • Sainfoin establishes itself without aof cover crop.

•Producer Highly Digestible be digested instead excreted. oney • Less Honey Production • Weevil & Aphid Resistant • Weevil Problem S • Best if not mixed with other plants such as barley or wheat.

E E DS you are shooting Depending on the quality for, this typically Growing practices: Minimal Loss Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein • Highest 406-788-9556 30 pounds per acrebest for call dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds per acre For more information, ble ••Harvest Dates Palatabilty • Short Window A N A Harvest Little Fertilizer Expense • Hefty Fertilizer Expense MONT for irrigated or multi-cuts. falls between late-May and early-June.

Check field condi• Seeding rate: 30 pounds per acre for Rollie Schlepp • Cheap Weed Control • Expensive Weed Control evity Established• Honey Stand E•EProducer Short Term 406-788-9556 Productivity •ofExcellent • Seed in fall or spring when moisture will be held to the seed. or D • Little or No Gas Methane GasS(Bloat) S dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds per acre tions closely, including weevil activity and stand health, and • Ease of Production • Complicated Production or • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less.

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Montana Seeds Inc. office Montana Seed • Easy Stand Enhancement • Expensive Stand Replacement 406-278-9951 • High Palatability • Less Palatability Poor timing in May can cost you in July and August. Start • Good Pollen Production • Less Pollen Production For more information,call call 406-278-9951 For more ANA information, • Nector Produced at 60° F • Nectar Produced at 90° F MONT planning now.

Sharpen blades, check and service equipment, Rollie Schlepp • #1 Honey Producer • Less Honey Production SEEDS 406-788-9556 Rollie Schlepp 406-788-9556 • Flexible Harvest Dates • Short Harvest Window www.montanaseeds.com and communicate with custom harvesters early.

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’s Dictionary)

(Webster’s Dictionary)

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B7

Grazing spring cereal grains

Has the Trader’s Dispatch helped you find what you were looking for? Please tell an advertiser!

On-The-Farm or On-The-Road

By Ben Beckman, UNL Grazing winter annuals such rye, winter wheat, or triticale commonly begins in April. All three of these forages can be very high in quality and reduce the need for feeding expensive hay while allowing additional time for spring growth of our perennial summer pastures.

Timing grazing should depend plant growth, not a specific date. Begin grazing when the plants are about 5 to 6 inches tall and manage to keep the maximum height at 8 to 10 inches. A good starting point is about 0.5 cow or 1 stocker calf per acre in early spring and increasing from there. Rotational grazing with higher stocking densities can assist with keeping the plant maturity more uniform and reduce selective grazing. Look ahead 1 or 2 pastures and move based on how the plants are recovering in those pastures. These forages grow and recover from grazing fast.

The most common mistake when grazing spring small cereals is letting the grass get ahead of the cattle. It is important to increase stocking density as the spring progresses to ensure grazing can keep up with the rapid forage growth.

This can be achieved by either adding more cattle or reducing the number of acres being grazed.

Like most cool-season grasses in early spring, small cereal forages are also high in potassium. This means there is a need to provide supplemental magnesium as potassium interferes with magnesium availability to the animal. A free choice mineral with a targeted 4 oz per day intake should contain at least 10% magnesium to prevent grass tetany in lactating cows and 5% magnesium to increase gains in stocker calves.

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TWICE THE COVERAGE,

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• Complete with 16-Bar harrow sections • 16 Harrow bars for • 16 Harrow bars for • 16 superior Harrow bars for leveling superior leveling superior leveling • Fully flexible • Fully flexible • Fully flexible • 20 Teeth per foot for excellent coverage • 20 Teeth per foot for • 20 Teeth per foot for excellent coverage excellent coverage • High-carbon replaceable diamond-shaped teeth • High-carbon replaceable • High-carbon replaceable diamond-shaped teeth diamond-shaped teeth • Two positive pitch teeth settings -50º or reverse pull at 38º • Two positive pitch harrow teeth• settings Two positive pitch teeth sett -50º or reverse harrow pull at 38º

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The2-to-3 16-Bar Forward-Fold gives of you double coverage, and double With times the double normal coverage, number bars and spikes, McFarlane’s 16-Barperformance.

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With 2-to-3thoroughly times the normal number ofsoil, bars and16-Bar spikes, McFarlane’s 16-Bar Forward-Fold and stirs the significantly reducing field With 2-to-3 times the normal number of breaks bars and spikes, McFarlane’s Forward-Fold breaks and stirs the soil, significantly preparation time.thoroughly Depending on soil conditions, some operators Forward-Fold thoroughly breaks and stirs the soil, significantly reducing fielduse the reducing field McFarlane 16-Bar Forward-Fold alone for spring field prepar preparation Depending on soil conditions, some operators use the preparation time.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B8

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NILE Foundation Scholarship winners announced CONTINUED FROM PAGE B4

Anna Geddes Anna Geddes is a current student at the University of Idaho in Moscow, ID. Anna is studying Animal Science Production with hopes of working in Large Animal Nutrition after college. She is the daughter of Ben & Kellie Geddes of Connell, WA. Samantha Gerlach Samantha Gerlach is a current student at the University of Montana-Western in Dillon, MT, where she is a member of the UMW Rodeo team and is studying Kinesiology. She hopes to specialize in human and equine chiropractics. She is the daughter of Ryan Gerlach of Columbus, MT. Lance Rutledge Lance is the son of Kelly & Kristie Rutledge of Big Sandy, MT. Currently, Lance attends Montana State University and is studying Agricultural Business. His future plans are to work in the area of Ag Sales after college.

Kyona Yeager Kyona Yeager is the daughter of Calon & Kande Yeager of Fairfield, MT. Kyona is currently attending University of Montana-Western in Dillon, MT where she is studying Early Childhood Education. Her future plans include potentially receiving a second degree in Ag Education and returning to teach.

NILE Legacy Award is a $500 award that is awarded to students based on their involvement in NILE and NILE activities.

Quinn Logan Quinn is the daughter of Justin & Brooke Logan of Huntley, MT. Currently, Quinn is a senior at Huntley Project High School. After graduation, Quinn plans to attend Montana State University in Bozeman to study Agricultural Business. Her future plans are to work as an Ag Investment Banker.

Quinn has been involved in the NILE in a variety of ways as a youth. She has exhibited in the Junior Fed Market Hog Division, competed in Ag Sales and Livestock Judging, sold event programs and 50/50 tickets and has been an integral volunteer by assisting with setting up panels and signage for NILE and MATE for last five years.

The NILE Foundation is honored to create a scholarship in memoriam of Hugh F. Miller. Hugh was a long-time NILE member from Rock Falls, Illinois.

Hugh always enjoyed traveling to the NILE, first as a buyer, then as a beef judge, and finally as a staunch supporter of all that the Stock Show and Rodeo stands for. It is estimated that Hugh made this trek at least 70 times and his impact has lasted well beyond those trips to Big Sky Country!

Two high school students have been selected to receive a one-time $1,000 scholarship in memory of Hugh this spring.

Kennedy Lyson Kennedy is the daughter of Derek Lyson & Britney Follmer of Baker, MT. Currently, Kennedy is a senior at Baker High School. After graduation, Kennedy plans to attend Texas A&M University in College Station, TX to study Animal Science and has plans of returning to the family ranch after college.

Alyssa Williams A l y s s a Wi l liams is a current student at LindRitzville High School in Ritzville, WA. Alyssa plans to study Animal Science At Texas Tech University in Lubbock, TX with goals of becoming a Beef Production Research Specialist after college. Alyssa is the daughter of Andy & Lori Williams of Ritzville, WA. “The NILE Foundation is pleased to award this year’s scholarships to further education at universities, junior colleges and trade schools. NILE scholarships are one of the primary mission objectives for the NILE Organization. Over seventy high school and college students throughout the US applied for this year’s scholarships and we are excited to announce these deserving youth winners”, stated David Allen, NILE General Manager.

The NILE Foundation was established in 2009 as a supporting arm of the NILE organization, which is dedicated to the promotion of livestock, agricultural education and respect for the western culture.

Each year the NILE and NILE Foundation touch the lives of nearly 10,000 youth through the many programs, events, “live animal” scholarships, and college scholarships. Together, these organizations provide over $75,000 in cash and live animal scholarships annually.

If you’re interested in contributing to the NILE Foundation send a donation to P.O. Box 1981, Billings, MT 59103 ##### I was working in Army security when a VIP from another base called to ask to whom he should address an important letter. Knowing my tough-to-spell last name would give him fits, I said, “Just put down Sergeant Gary, as my last name is too hard.”The next day, I received a letter addressed to Sgt. Gary Toohard.

Develop a management plan for Foxtail barley

By Gary Stone, Nebraska Extension Water and Crops Educator | Brock Ortner, Nebraska Extension Livestock Educator | Dr. Kathleen Anderson, University of Nebraska Horse Extension Specialist | Dr. Nevin Lawrence, University of Nebraska Integrated Weed Management Specialist | Dr. Mitchell Stephenson, University of Nebraska Range Management Specialist Early Detection and Rapid Response (EDRR) is a concept to identify potentially invasive species prior to or just as the establishment of the invasive species is taking place. An Integrated Pest Management plan (IPM) can be developed to manage, contain, and eradicate the invasive species before it can spread further. This will avoid costly, long-term control efforts.

Foxtail barley is a native cool-season bunchgrass. It is a short-lived perennial that has a shallow fibrous root system.

Foxtail barley reproduces from seed and vegetatively by tillering. When mature, the plant can be one to three feet tall. Plants are gray-green to blue-green in color. Growth initiates in April and May; flowers and sets seed from June to August. Seed may survive up to seven years.

As a forage for horses, it has fair to good forage value until seed heads develop. During the vegetative state, before seed heads develop, it can be safely grazed. However, once seed head development begins, horses and cattle grazing Foxtail barley can be problematic.

When the seeds form, awns with small, sharp barbs along the edge extend from the seed. The awns can be up to two inches long with sharp barbs that point backwards. These sharp barbs allow the seed to lodge in the hair and fur of animals and be transported to new areas. The barbed awns can cause injury to pets, horses, and livestock lodged in their skin, eyes, nose, mouth, and digestive tract. Since the barbs point backwards, they continue to work their way deeper, potentially affecting organs and blood vessels. Affected areas may also form abscesses and become infected.

Animals affected need to be treated immediately. Caution

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Develop a management plan for Foxtail barley CONTINUED FROM PAGE B9

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should be taken with hay containing the seeds and awns if fed to livestock.

Signs that a horse or livestock have grazed Foxtail barley or consumed hay contaminated with Foxtail barley may consist of drooling and a lack of appetite. Drooling and loss of appetite are caused by awns that are lodged in the mouth and most likely cause the mouth to become inflamed and sore, resulting in the formation of abscesses.

Foxtail barley should not be confused with green, yellow, or bristly foxtail (Setaria spp.), which are non-native summer annuals not closely related to Foxtail barley and are often a major weed in annual crops.

Early in the growing season, Foxtail barley is palatable, the forage value is fair to good, and can be safely grazed early, prior to seed development. Grazing after seed development is where the problems may occur. However, horses and other livestock typically avoid grazing Foxtail barley once seed head formation occurs if other forage is available.

Habitat Foxtail barley can grow in most soil types and is an aggressive pioneer weed. However, it is saline and alkaline tolerant and is found most often in moist or wet areas, such as pastures, meadows, disturbed areas, ditch banks, and roadsides. Occasionally, it will show up in hay and grain fields.

It can form monocultures and force out other vegetation.

Management Prevention is the best and cheapest management option.

Having well-established perennial grasses and forbs on maintained meadows, hayfields, and pastures, with proper grazing and rotational grazing techniques, can go a long way in preventing their establishment. Scouting, monitoring, and proper identification are key factors for management.

Currently, there are no biological control methods available.

Cultural and mechanical control measures include timed burning, hand pulling, mowing, and proper grazing management. Late spring burning has shown limited success. Hand pulling can be done if there are not too many plants. Mowing can reduce seed head production, but the plants will regrow.

There are limited chemical treatment options available to manage Foxtail barley, and the options available will depend on whether Foxtail barley is being managed in alfalfa, a cool-season hay crop, or a pasture. In alfalfa, glyphosate is available as the best management option in Roundup Ready® alfalfa. In conventional alfalfa, clethodim (Select Max®, Arrow® 2 EC) can be used but labels warn that multiple applications may be necessary for control. Products containing hexazione can be used at seeding, and products containing pronamide are labeled in the fall or winter, both providing residual control. In grass hay, pasture, and rangeland, imazapic (Plateau®) is labeled for control of Foxtail Barley, but care must be taken to ensure that the grass grown for hay or forage is tolerant to imazapic. The success of chemical control declines if it is sprayed later in the growing season, after seed heads have become established.

Be sure to select a product labeled for the site and target pest. Use of product brand names is for information purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Read, understand, and follow all label instructions when using any pesticide.

Would you pay to watch married couples bicker?

A study conducted by the National Institutes of Health observed 82 married couples to determine what factors make them happy. The conclusion? “The marriages that were the happiest were the ones in which the wives were able to calm down quickly d0uring marital conflict.”

Cost to taxpayers: $325,525 ##### My young son ran to me, crying. “Daddy, I stubbed my toe,” he sobbed. “Let me kiss it and make it better,” I said.

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Growing grapes and reaping the benefits

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B11

Deadline for advertising in the June 2025 issue is Wednesday, May 28th.

By Katie Markheim, Nebraska Extension Master Gardener or flea beetles are found, insecticides may As the saying goes, have your cake and need to be applied. Recommendations and eat it too. Well, that can be true of grapes; the legal limits of chemicals to treat pests grow your own grapes and eat (or drink) and disease change often, so please refer to them too. Reasons for wanting to grow the Midwest Spray Guide for Grapes and grapes in the home garden vary from perSmall Fruits for assistance in deter­mining son to person. The most common are for what pesticide to employ. As always, when winemaking, making juice, jams, jellies, or applying pesti­cides, always read and folpies, and producing grapes for fresh eating.

Grapes can be grown for shade, ornamenlow the label’s instructions.

So how should you let your grapevine tal, and landscape enhancements. Over crop hang out? Although many trellis or 100 cultivars have been tested by the UNL training systems are used in home gardens Viticulture program, suitable for commerand commercial vine­yards, there are three cial and home plantings in Neb. Be sure to that are easily used. Components of the watch cultivar zones of adaptability. Set in grapevine include the perennial parts (trunk growing zones 4-5, some options for the and cordons), canes, nodes, internodes, Panhandle are ‘Prairie Star’ for winemakand buds. The High Cordon and Geneva ing, ‘Somerset Seedless’ for table grapes, Double Curtain systems work well for or ‘Valiant’ for juice, jams, or jellies. vines that have a pendulous (downward) Grapevines are among the most easily growth pattern, whereas vines that tend grown fruits in Nebraska. In recent years, to grow vertically are best suited to the there has been a resurgence of grape growVertical Shoot Positioning or VSP Sysing as a commercial crop. However, grapes can also be grown in the home garden for tem. There are systems recommended for personal use. Considerations for start-up specific grapevine cultivars. Please refer include soil type, depth, and fertility, as to NebGuide G2279: Grape Growing for well as planting site. Grapevines do best the Home Garden for trellis diagrams and on well-drained, loose soils such as sandy suggested styles by cultivar. loams, silty clay loams, and loamy sands.

An effective depth of 3 feet will be adequate if welldrained. Moderate to low fertility is preferred to create a balance between vegetative and fruit growth. A soil test should be conducted to determine if fertility needs can be met. Grapes are full sun plants with an appreciation for air drainage, located outside of frost pockets.

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Cover crop termination tradeoffs

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By Jenny Brhel - Extension Educator, Chris Proctor - Weed Management Extension Educator, Katja Koehler-Cole - Extension Educator, Amit Jhala - Professor and Associate Department Head, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture ing is to use clethodim instead of glyphosate A fall-planted cereal rye, wheat, or tritiwhen terminating a small grain prior to corn cale cover crop can have both positive and and/or seed corn planting. Clethodim kills negative impacts, for example by tying up cereals slower than glyphosate allowing nitrogen, reducing soil moisture prior to for them to stay around longer between the planting, increasing insect pressure, reducrows, if those are part of the farmer’s goals. ing weed pressure, reducing soil erosion Benefits to Green Planting and allelopathy.

Some farmers have shared the difficulty Each year we receive questions on termiof planting through the partially decomnation timing of cereal covers. This question posed “mushy” cover crop. Farmers also occurs as farmers consider trade-offs benoticed corn planted into these conditions tween a positive return on investment from often came up slow and had a yellow, the cover crop, by allowing more biomass sickly look to it for a time. Farmers that growth with the potential for yield loss if switched to planting green say it was easier termination is delayed too long. Information to plant compared with planting into the being shared can be confusing, with one decomposing-dying cover and noted the source saying to terminate pre-plant while corn also tended to look less yellow or another says to plant green into the cover. sickly. Farmers have also shared the green What’s the “right” answer? We don’t standing rye held the previous crop residue know that there is one. That’s because farmin place and their corn emergence was more ers’ goals and level of risk vary. In general, even in those fields compared to planting there are less risks to planting green with into terminated cover crop residue. Many soybean than corn. This article will share have shared the observation of early-season tradeoffs to help you better assess cover weed suppression. Some have chosen to use crop termination timing for your operation planting soybean green into cereal rye for and risk level. weed suppression and thus have removed Cereal Rye and Potential Allelopathy the pre-plant herbicide from their system.

For several years, we’ve heard about the One key for planting green is to not use potential allelopathic effect cereal rye can residue removers as the rye can wrap, dehave on corn. To avoid the potential alpending on the spacing and specific field lelopathic effects, it’s often recommended conditions. to terminate cereal rye at least two weeks Risks to Planting Green before planting corn. Others report successUniform soybean emergence 10 days affully planting corn into green cereal rye, ter planting green in cereal rye in a research leading to the question: Can allelopathic project at South Central Ag Lab near Clay chemicals from rye affect corn Center, Nebraska in May 2020. (Photo by We do know studies investigating the efAmit Jhala | Nebraska Extension) fects of allelopathic chemicals from cereal In spite of these observations, planting rye on corn germination have mostly been green is not for everyone and one needs to done in laboratory settings. One study found assess the risk of doing so. Cover crops use that allelopathic chemical extracts from rye moisture and can dry out the seedbed. Some reduced corn root length, but another study farmers in non-irrigated situations have found no similar effects. We know there are planted corn/soybeans into dry seedbeds allelopathic effects of rye on small seeds, when planting green and hoped for rains. but it’s less certain this is the case with Some farmers have found the need to run large seeds like corn and soybean. After pivots to get moisture into the seedbed. working with growers since 2015 with rye Thus, there’s greater risk for farmers with cover crops, we feel nitrogen tie-up in the non-irrigated land and those in water alrye is the more likely cause for corn plants location situations. having any slower growth, yellowish color, Another risk is the potential for increased or reduced germination. Growers who are insects.

In 2017, wheat stem maggot was concerned about potential allelopathy can observed migrating from late-terminated increase the time between cover crop tercereal rye to emerging corn plants. We think mination and corn planting. it’s important to have insects in the back of Challenges with Terminating a Cereal one’s mind when planting green.

Cover Pre-plant Research from Penn State and Wisconsin The product used and the timing of tershowed no yield difference when soybean mination pre-plant really depends on the was planted green vs. planted into pre-plant producer’s goals. If the grower is trying to terminated cereal rye or triticale. Research conserve soil moisture or just isn’t comfortfrom Penn State showed yield loss 50% of able allowing the cereal cover to grow very the time when corn was planted green vs. tall, terminating it pre-plant is an option. into pre-plant terminated rye or triticale. A Killing the cereal cover at least 14 days 2020 survey of Nebraska and Wisconsin before planting may not allow for much farmers who planted green showed 42% (77 growth in early spring or would require derespondents) saw no yield increase while layed corn planting, either way reducing the 42% saw a 1-5 bu/ac increase in soybean potential benefits from cover cropping. It’s yields, whereas 59% (83 respondents) saw also important for the grower to have realno yield reduction by planting corn green. istic expectations for how quickly the cover Considerations for Pre-Plant Termiwill completely die. Weather conditions are nation not always conducive for effective cereal Terminating 10-14 days pre-plant can aid cover termination. In early spring when with saving soil moisture, particularly in temperatures are less than 55°F and cloudy non-irrigated or water allocation situations conditions are common, herbicides such as and is a more conservative (risk averse) glyphosate can have reduced absorption approach when rotating to corn. Be aware and translocation, resulting in delayed conof any herbicide label restrictions prior to trol. In contrast, glyphosate applied when corn planting when using herbicides other weather is favorable can provide very efthan glyphosate for termination. fective termination of cereal rye while also Apply nitrogen as a starter or have some providing early-season weed suppression. nitrogen applied to the field, as we feel Some growers may wish for the cereal nitrogen tie-up is the bigger issue than cover to die more slowly so it remains lonpotential allelopathy. This may help the ger to reduce soil erosion and for weed control. An option more growers are considerCONTINUED ON PAGE B16

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B15

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B16

The deadline for advertising for the June 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be May 28th .

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Cover crop termination tradeoffs CONTINUED FROM PAGE B14

corn not look so sickly as it emerges through the dying rye.

Be aware that rye death following termination and drying out will depend on environmental conditions each spring. Anticipate it may be difficult to cut through the rye residue when planting and do your best to set equipment accordingly.

Consider using clethodim instead of glyphosate to allow the rye to die slower and maintain some biomass for weed/erosion control.

Considerations for Planting Green Apply nitrogen as a starter or have some nitrogen applied to the field with corn when planting green; nitrogen tie-up is perhaps a bigger issue than any potential allelopathy.

Wait for the corn or soybean seed to begin germination before terminating the cover crop (which may be a few days). Since originally writing this article, we also have growers who have successfully terminated and planted the same day with no corn seed germination issues.

Waiting to terminate a few days after planting allows the rye that’s been run over by the planter to regrow and kill better.

If irrigation is available, have the irrigation system ready to go prior to planting in the event you need to add some moisture into a dry seedbed.

Upon planting the field, scout for insect pressure, particularly observing if any adult wheat stem maggot flies are present.

For those who wanted the greatest amount of biomass for weed suppression in soybean, termination of rye occurred closer to heading/ pollination. For those who plan to roller-crimp rye for weed control, termination occurs at pollination.

When terminating a rye cover crop, if the cover is 12 inches or more and you’re planning on a residual herbicide, consider waiting on the residual as a second pass after the rye starts dying. We realize no one wants an additional pass or expense. Observation and research show that less residual gets down to the soil when cover crops are 12 inches or taller. How long one waits for the second pass for rye to start dying will depend on the environmental conditions each year. The other option if one chooses to add residual when terminating is to plan on an irrigation or

rainfall event shortly after application to help move the residual herbicide down to the soil.

Please see the following articles for additional information regarding cover crop termination and application of residual herbicide: Final Results from a Multi-state Study on Cover Crop Termination with Herbicides; Managing Residual Herbicides with Cover Crops.

Risk Management Agency Guidelines allow for planting green and are based on “best management practices” for different zones and for irrigated or non-irrigated ground. You can read more on USDA’s Cover Crops site.

This is for crops with a contract change date of June 30, 2019, or later, beginning with the 2020 crop year and including successive crop years.

More Resources For cover crop herbicide termination options, please see Final Results from a Multistate Study on Cover Crop Termination with Herbicides.

For more on use of residual herbicides with termination, please see Managing Residual Herbicides with Cover Crops.

For more on early cover crop termination, listen to this Q&A with Chris Proctor on Market Journal.

For more on planting green with corn, please read this summary of on-farm research trials from Iowa by Practical Farmers of Iowa.

Photo gallery showing field photos from terminating pre-plant and planting green Plan for Options Each year is different. The dryness this year has many concerned about cereal crop growth right now. For each year, it may be wise to have a Plan A and Plan B in mind especially if you plan on planting green but the cover crop is getting taller than you are comfortable with, especially for corn. For example, Plan A for a non-irrigated situation may be that you are planning on planting green unless the cover is X inches tall by a certain date (ex. April 10-15) upon which you will choose to terminate pre-plant instead (Plan B). We realize none of this is easy and we wish you the best with your decisions this year. Please contact the authors if you wish to discuss these tradeoffs in more detail for your specific situation.

Keeping facilities in working order

By Lisa Moser, K-State Research and Extension news service Many people will agree driving a manual herd — how many cows will I need to move, transmission vehicle is much more challengcan I change the width easily for cows versus ing than driving an automatic, leading them calves? These are questions producers should to opt for the easier driving experience when be thinking through,” said K-State veterinarian Bob Larson. making a vehicle purchase.

As the herd’s needs change, Tarpoff said As with the driving experience, moving it is important to think about investing in cattle through the on-farm processing facilities is best done with a well-maintained pen the facilities. and chute system that allows for the easy flow “A simple, well-built straight alley with of the animals, say the experts at the Kansas functional sorting gates that can be used for State University Beef Cattle Institute, joined sorting, loading, and processing is one of recently by guest K-State beef cattle extenthe best investments producers can make for sion veterinarian A.J. Tarpoff. their cow-calf operation. It’s easy to invest in Speaking on a recent Cattle Chat podcast, something you regularly use.” Tarpoff said. the group recommended evaluating the curAlong with those recommendations, Krent processing facilities before moving State beef cattle nutritionist Phillip Lancaster animals or making adjustments. said it is important to build a facility with the “Before processing, start with basic prelabor in mind because sometimes people are ventative maintenance, such as making sure moving cattle alone. the gear teeth are in order, that the movable “Keep it simple. You don’t need to build points are well-oiled, and similar chores,” Kan elaborate facility, but instead design a State veterinarian Brian Lubbers said. “Also, system that will work for the labor you have walk through the alleyways to make sure they available,” Lancaster said. are safe and are free of loose, sharp edges.”

One last tip came from K-State veterinarian Brad White.

He added: “By doing this, we can reduce “Before you start moving cattle through the likelihood of injuries for the people and the system, walk through the alleyways to the cattle.” see if there is anything protruding that will Another tip is to make sure that the facilities are set up in a way that works best for cause the cattle to get injured or balk as they the size of the cattle that are being handled. are being pushed ahead,” he said.

“Think about what is the right size for the

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B17

Big Sky Equipment Co. Phone 406-278-3277 Toll-free 1-800-332-7541 Conrad, Montana

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website: www.bigskyequip.com

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2016 New Holland Rollbelt 560 baler, wide pickup, roller wind guard, manual hydraulic pickup, net and twine, large tires, 1000 PTO....................... $34,900

USED HEADERS

MacDon D65D 35-ft. draper header, double knife drive, triple delivery (deck shift)........................... $47,900 2013 MacDon D65 40-ft. windrower draper header, pickup reel, gauge wheels......................... $22,500 2010 MacDon D60 45 ft. draper header with pickup reel, transport............................. Reduced $39,900 2009 MacDon D60-45 draper header, slow speed transport, upper cross auger............... Just Traded 2010 Case IH 2016 pickup header with Swathmaster pickup......................................................... $14,900

2008 New Holland SD550 drill with SC430 tow-between cart, 12” spacing, 60 ft., single shoot, 4.5” steel packers. ....................................................... $47,500 2001 Flexi-Coil 5000 57-ft., 12” spacing, 3.5 inch steel packers, single shoot, 3450 tow between tank, variable rate............................................................... $42,500

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USED BALE PROCESSORS 2021 New Holland SP310F self-propelled front boom sprayer, 120-ft. steel mono boom, 1200 gallon stainless steel tank, 650 tires, Intellispray (hawkeye) nozzle control, Intelliview 4 display, stainless steel inductor, XRT auto-boom, auto rinse, premium lighting, low hours................................... $410,900 2011 Apache AS720 750 gallon poly tank, 60x90-ft. booms, auto-boom height control, auto-rate.......... .................................................................. $79,900

USED SWATHER

2024 MacDon M2260 windrower with R216 rotary header, deluxe cab, LED lights, low hours............. ........................................................... Just Traded 2014 Case IH WD1903 swather with 36-ft. draper header, full guidance with 372 antenna, PRO 700 monitor, LED light package, pickup reel, transport..............................................................Just In

2018 Highline CFR650 bale processor....... $19,900 2005 Haybuster 2650 bale processor......... $12,500

2022 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding grain tank cover, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors, Sunnybrook concaves...............................$489,900 2024 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding covers, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors....$539,900 2018 New Holland CR8.90 combine, duals, autoguidance, electric folding covers, chopper and spreader, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors................$254,900 1998 Case IH 2388 combine with 36-ft. 2042 header.. ....................................................................$34,900 1995 Case IH 2188 combine with 1010 15-ft pickup header.........................................................$19,995 2006 John Deere 9760 STS combine....REDUCED $10,000 to...................................................$39,900

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B18

Protecting farms and ranches from wildfires

By Randy Saner, Nebraska Extension Educator, Rob Eirich, Nebraska Extension Educator, Ryan Benjamin, Nebraska Extension Educator Wildfires affect America’s farm and ranches, damaging and destroying homes, barns, agriculture production facilities, crops, and livestock. Below are some tips to help avoid or minimize fire damage to your property.

Measures include: Install and maintain smoke detectors. Smoke detectors should be installed in barns and buildings and checked at least once per month. Batteries should be changed at least once per year.

Develop an escape or evacuation plan and practice it. The evacuation plan should also include how to transport animals and livestock that may be in danger.

Post emergency numbers in a central location, including the fire department, police department, local emergency response coordinator, and others who provide emergency Excellent comfort and  assistance.

DUST HELMET Place fire extinguishers in all barns, vehicles, and tracprotection for cleaning tors. Check extinguishers periodically for charge. Discard combines, grain bins damaged or used fire extinguishers.

Positive air pressure  Store fuels, pesticides, medicines and other chemicals in prevents fogging a fire-retardant enclosure or secure location away from heat sources and combustible materials. In the event of a wildfire,  rechargeable blower these substances should be removed from the premises.

Filters for dust and vapor  Keep barns and buildings clean of trash and other combustible materials such as hay, lumber, logs, and empty feed sacks.

Practice Farm and Ranch Specific Fire Safety Make sure your farm/ranch has adequate water supply, such as an irrigation ditch, a water tank, a cistern, or a pond.

(701) 794-8841 Center, ND www.crownagro.com leonard@crownagro.com a. Keep stock tanks full when weather allows by turning on solar wells, windmills and pipeline fed tanks. This will help your local fire department have a water source in case of a fire.

When it is dry be careful when driving atvs, vehicles, tractors, and bale feeders in dead, tall standing grass. Any kind of spark or heat source may ignite the dry grass on fire.

Keep irrigation sources free of combustible material. a. It may warrant running the irrigation well to wet things down especially if a fire is headed your way.

Keep farmstead areas clear of weeds, grass, and other 1974 Ford 340-B industrial tracdebris.

Keep areas near buildings mowed and trees pruned tor, 2WD, 8 speed over-under 6 to 10 ft above the ground and fuels away from buildings transmission, 2 speed reverse, that could create a path for fire into the eave/soffit. rebuilt engine and injector pump.

Completely gone through. Tires Make sure dead trees are removed especially if they are in great shape, Danuser post near electrical lines. pounder, 3 point auger, 8”, 6” au- 1974 Blawknox PF 115 paver, 1958 Ford distributor truck, 8K Park tractors and implements away from combustible gers. Gannon 6.5-ft. box scrapgreat shape and ready to pave.. miles, in great shape, 600 galmaterials such as hay bales, haystacks, and fuel storage per...................................$22,500 ........................................$10,500 lons SS1 in tank.............$10,500 containers. a. Have tractors hooked up to discs so you can use this equipment to make a fire break for an approaching fire. b. Fill liquid tanks when not in use with water for fire 3128 Upper River Road, Great Falls, MT 59401 • Phone: 406-794-5932 suppression.

Obtain fire insurance for livestock, buildings, and equipment.

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Conduct random, but We are a certified facility offering cleaning and treating of all seed varieties regular inspections and fire drills. Invite the fire department for these drills to minimize confusion during an actual occurrence.

Keep above ground fuel SPRING WHEAT SEED Joplin & Rudyard, MT storage at least 40 feet from Gunnison WestBred (CSO) buildings.

During a Fire Dagmar MSU (PVP) BARLEY If a wildfire threatens your farm or ranch, always WB 9449 (CSO) Haymaker Hay Barley remember that human life Vida (PVP) Metcalfe Malt Barley must be first priority, property comes second. Keep in mind, however, that when PEAS & LENTILS firefighters arrive, they may Call us for Ginny (CSO) ask which to save first, second, third, etc., so determine information 4193 YP (PVP) beforehand the order of about Avondale importance: livestock, maWestBred chinery, or feed.

Treat Options Improving Nature’s Grains and the Wheat design are trademarks of If you become trapped in Monsanto Technology, LLC a burning barn or building, practice fire safety: PO Box 167 Plant Phone Brian (406) 450-1248 Rudyard, MT 59540 406-355-4333 Ron (406) 390-1220

Thank you to all our soldiers who have given of themselves for our freedom!

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CONTINUED ON PAGE B20

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B19

GREYN FERTILIZER

Choteau - Larry Greyn - 406-466-5356 Brian Carlson - 406-220-1705

2018 John Deere F4365 with AB485 twin bin air system, 70-ft. booms, Gen 4 Integrated Display, tarp, Lincoln lube system, LED field lights, 2724 hours.................. $199,500

2018 Case Titan 4540, 2745 hours, FLX 810 triple bin, 70-ft. boom, Viper 4 controller, Auto steer, roll tarp................ $160,000

2020 Case IH Titan 4540 810 Flex air, 70-ft. boom, electric roll tarp, Viper 4, Auto Steer, 2511 hours............................. $189,500

2017 TerraGator TG8400B AirMax Precision, 70-ft. boom, single product, roll tarp, Viper 4, autosteer, 3245 hours...........$126,000

2012 TerraGator 9300 Cat C13 Terrashift, AirMax Precision 2, Auto Steer 70-ft. boom, Viper Pro, 4302 hours.............. $77,000

2017 Case IH Titan 4540, diesel engine, Allison automatic transmission, Case IH 810 Fle Air, 70ft. boom micro ingredient bins, Viper IV, autosteer, 4590 hours.... ........................................$92,000

Hyundai HL730-9A wheel loader, EROPS, Cummins, 8-ft. bucket, 2.5 cubic yard, 17.5R25 tires, operating weight 23,500 lbs, rear view camera, 5684 hours..$67,000 Check out our website

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2020 RBR Venturi 400, Case IH Flex Air 810 triple bin, 70ft. boom, Raven Viper 4, adjustable axles, 4 wheel steer, 4 wheel drive, electric roll tarp, 1890 hours............ $249,500

2014 TerraGator 8400 Air Max Precision 2, 70-ft. boom, roll tarp, micro ingredient bins, Viper Pro, auto steer, 3500 hours.... $98,500

2015 Case IH 4030, CNH diesel engine, Allison automatic transmission, New Leader L4000G4 spinner bed, belt over chain, multi applicator insert, Viper 4 controller, Smartrax auto steer.$134,500

2014 TerraGator TG8400 AirMax Precision 2, 70-ft. booms, granular coap bins, roll-tarp, Viper Pro, auto steer, air ride cab, 3345 hours.....................$98,500

2014 Case IH Titan 4530 810 Flex Air, 70-ft. boom, triple bin, roll tarp, Viper 4, Smartrax, 4125 hours............................ $102,500 2015 Case 4530, 2384 hours...... ..................................... $135,000

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2018 Case IH Titan 4540, CNH diesel engine, Allison automatic transmission, New Leader L4000G4 spinner bed, multi-applicator ready, belt over chain, Viper 4 controller, auto steer, new front tires, 2218 hours................$175,000

2013 Case IH 4530 floater, CNH diesel, Allison automatic, Case IH 810 Flex Air dry system, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, triple bin, electric roll tarp, Viper Pro, light bar, 3512 hours............ $108,000

2018 Case IH Trident 5550, Viper 4, 3767 hours, New Leader NL4500 MultiApplier Edge G4 box, 120-ft. sprayer.......$122,000

2012 John Deere 4940, 1200 gallon, 120-ft. boom, Vogelsang A17387 front fill, 710/70R42 flotation tires, 4421 hours.......$99,500

2017 John Deere F4365 HiCapacity Nutrient Applicator, 3435 hours, AutoTrac guidance, Starfire 600 receiver, DN495 MultiApplier......................... $162,000

2017 RBR Venturi 350 Pre DEF, 4x4, air ride chassis, Case IH 810 3 bin, 70-ft. boom, roll tarp, Viper 4 monitor, SmarTrax, foot or hand throttle control. 3060 hrs.$142,500

2016 Case IH Titan 3540 3 wheel, 810 air delivery box, Viper 4, Agri-Cover roll tarp, 1512 hours............................ $158,000 2015 RBR Venturi 350, 3302 hours, Case 810 70-ft. air boom, triple bin, 4x4, Viper 4, Auto Steer............................. $132,500 2017 RBR Venturi 350 Cummins diesel engine, Allison automatic transmission, Case IH 810 Flex Air dry air flow system, triple bin, 70-ft. boom, Raven Viper IV, 1890 hours................... $147,500

2019 TerraGator TG8400C, 3446 hours, Viper 4, AirMax Precision 2 bed. 70-ft. booms, Micro bin with yellow & white rollers, electric roll tarp............. $168,500

1986 Grove 50’ ton capacity, 39ft. Minimum boom length, 96-ft.

Maximum boom length, Deutz lower and upper engines, manual transmission, 8x6, carrier heater, upper heater load block, Load Moment Indicator, 6 spare tires... ....................................... $42,000

1996 Freightliner with 24 Ton Willmar Side Shooter, Detroit, 10 speed, long auger, roll tarp, 544,000 miles................. $38,500

2017 RBR Venturi 350, Cummins diesel, Allison auto, Case IH Flex Air 810 dry air flow system, 70-ft. boom, lightbar, Viper 4, 495 hours.............................$109,000

2015 TerraGator 8400B, 3222 hours, Viper Pro, New Leader L4000G4 MultApplier dry box...... ..................................... $125,000

2019 TerraGator TG8400C 2648 hours, diesel engine, CVT transmission, Viper 4 monitor, auto steer, Airmax Precision 2 bed, 70-ft stainless steel booms, Micro bin, auto greaser, electric roll tarp............................... $178,000

2012 B-B pintle hitch sprayer trailer, tandem axle dual wheeled, air brakes, manual outriggers, rear fold down ramps, winch boxes.................................... $15,500

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1999 Deere 544H Quick attach bucket, joystick controls, enclosed cab, hour meter reads 1549 hours. The loader is believed to have 6500 hours.............. $52,500

2016 RoGator 1300B sprayer, hydro-static transmission, 1300 gallon stainless steel tank, 120ft. boom, 20” spacing, 650/65R42 tires, fenders, Viper 4 monitor, 3143 hours....................$112,000

1984 Ford LTL9000 grain truck, Cat 3406 diesel engine, manual transmission, tandem axle, full screw, air tag axle, spring suspension, Knapheide grain box (S/N 800602), Series PXT, length 185A, new clutch............ $24,000

2003 Freightliner Columbia day cab, twin screw, 10 speed, 12.7L Detroit Series 60 diesel, 430 hp, odometer reads 629,746 but doesn’t work...................... $12,000

2011 Merritt MVT 38.5-ft. tender trailer, rear hydraulic discharge conveyor, under hopper conveyor, outer controls, electric roll over tarp, side windows, tandem axle, spring suspension..$35,000

2018 TerraGator 8400B, diesel engine, CVT transmission, Air Max Precision, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, electric roll tarp, Viper IV, 3973 hours.........$138,000 1969 Lubbock NH3 transport trailer, 10,400 gallons, Blackmer pump.

5 to choose from.......$45,000 each

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B20

MT Tractors Call (406) 370-6362 - Stevensville, MT Email: penderfarms@aol.com

CONTIINUED FROM PAGE B18

New Holland T7030 MFD, P/S, 2024 John Deere 6155M MFWD, 3pt, 4100 hours..........$62,500 John Deere 8200 MFWD, P/S, 20 speed Auto Quad, JD SL fresh engine...............$52,000 loader, bucket, grapple. As new..........................$168,500 New Holland T7060 MFD, P/S, 3-pt, 5100 hours........$63,500 John Deere 6190R MFWD, Auto Quad, E range, 5600 hours....

New Holland T7-250 MFD, 5500 ...................................$79,500 hours..........................$65,000 John Deere 8230 MFWD, P/S, 7300 hours.................$78,500

New Holland 8870 MFD, P/S, 3pt, 5000 hours..........$44,500

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Protecting farms and ranches from wildfires

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Get out quickly, but safely.

Stay low since smoke rises and cover your mouth with a clean cloth to avoid inhaling hot smoke and gases.

Close doors after escaping rooms to slow the spread of fire.

If smoke is pouring in the room at the bottom of the door, and the door feels hot, keep it closed.

Open a window to escape or for fresh air while waiting to be rescued.

If no smoke is coming under the door and it is not hot, open it slowly to escape.

If you have time to evacuate animals, proceed with caution. Some animals may refuse to leave, and some may even run back into a burning barn or building. Make sure to close gates prohibiting access to dangerous areas. When evacuating animals, do not lead them to where they will become trapped or to a dead end.

The aftermath of a wildfire can be hazardous. A few precautions must be taken after a wildfire takes place on your property: Stay out of damaged barns and buildings and return to your property only when authorities permit you to do so.

Notify proper authorities if you believe that hazardous materials were released in the fire or during firefighting.

Place warning signs on contaminated areas.

When disposing of some materials, such as those potentially contaminated with chemicals, check on state and local requirements for disposal procedures.

Consult someone from the local Emergency Planning Committee or the State Division of Emergency for legal clean-up procedures if needed.

Keep livestock away from contaminated feed or water.

Wear protective gear when entering contaminated areas and damaged barns and buildings. Protective gear includes steel-toed boots, hard hat, respiratory protection, gloves and other protective clothing.

Before entering a barn or building assess the true integrity of the structure. Always turn off the electrical power and other utilities to the structure until a thorough inspection by a fire marshal or a legal authority clears it to be entered.

If the decision is made to demolish a building, hire a professional. Professionals will be able to do the job more efficiently and safely.

Check with your insurance provider so you know ahead of time what is covered by wildfires. Take pictures of all damage, and inventory all damaged structures, supplies, equipment, and machinery. Save receipts for expenses relating to the fire.

Contact the local Farm Service Agency on possible disaster programs that might help you recover.

Animals are especially susceptible to wildfires, particularly those that are confined to small pastures. After a wildfire, examine all animals exposed to wildfire smoke, heat or burns. You may need to spray animals with water to cool them down. You may need to humanely euthanize some animals due to the extent of their injuries and follow state guidelines for proper disposal.

Just as you care for your farm and livestock, be sure to take care of yourself, family, and your neighbors during this time.

Helen Hooven Santmyer

HAY N GRAZE FORAGE Hybrid Sorghum-Sudangrass

Hay N Graze is a very tough hybrid that performs well with a large footprint.

Hay N Graze is a medium maturity conventional hybrid, that has quick early season growth.

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Santmyer, born in 1895, always wanted to be a writer. But the age of 33 she’d published two novels, but neither was a commercial success. That wouldn’t come for another 55 years when, at the age of 88, she published her landmark novel…And Ladies of the Club. The book, which had taken her nearly 10 years to write (and a year and a half to condense down to 1300 pages), became a runaway success, selling more than a million copies and spending eight months on the New York Times bestseller list.

Seeds and transplanting tips To transplant to the garden, knock the seed tray on the ground to loosen the compost and leave a space to insert a trowel or fingers beneath the compost. Break away a row of plants and gently separate each plant, ensuring there is a good root system. Dig a planting hole with a trowel; make it wide and deep enough to accommodate the plant’s root system. Set the plant so that the base of the stem is level with the surface of the soil. Fill the hole and firm down the soil around the plant.

Encourage bushy plants by pinching out the growing tip.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B21

2021 John Deere 2022 John Deere 9620RX P556 Air Drill

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2022 John Deere 2023 John Deere 2020 John Deere 6195M Tractor 2680H HD50R Header

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B22

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Contact us at: (406) 271-5533 or email us at info@tradersdispatch.com

TRUCK & TRAILER FOR SALE

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Optimal nitrogen and sulfur rates for annual forage grasses

From the MSU News Service in some situations. Clain Jones, MSU ExtenAnnual cool and warm season grasses sion soil fertility specialist, added, “There are important livestock forages in Montana. is also increased risk of high forage nitrate Now Montana State University researchers levels, nitrate leaching, and soil acidification are determining optimal nitrogen rates for with higher nitrogen rates if forage yield these forages and the role of sulfur in forgoals are not reached.” age quality.

According to the research, among the “Warm-season grasses are more tolerant warm-season forages, sorghum-sudan types of low soil pH, low fertility and drought than produced the highest yield under irrigation most cool-season grasses,” said Marilyn in 2020. There were no differences among Dalen, assistant research professor at the forage species in their response to available Northwestern Agricultural Research Center nitrogen level.

(NWARC) in Creston. Diversifying forage Forage crude protein increased, and fiber production by growing annual warm season decreased, with increasing soil nitrogen grasses can increase forage availability and under both rainfed and irrigated conditions. improve animal nutrition.

However, forage nitrate increased with inDalen and collaborators Jessica Torrion, creasing soil nitrogen under irrigated condiMSU associate professor of crop physioltions to around 2,000 parts per million with ogy, and Eeusha Nafi, former postdoctoral 225 pounds total available nitrogen per acre. researcher at NWARC, measured yield, Under rainfed conditions, forage nitrate crude protein, and fiber content of four increased to a maximum around 1,300 ppm annual warm season grasses under rainfed at 150 pounds nitrogen per acre with no and irrigated conditions. The grasses were further increase with higher nitrogen. When pearl millet, sudangrass, teff and sorghumforage nitrate content is greater than 1,500 sudangrass. These grasses reached optimal ppm, it can be toxic to pregnant livestock yields with around 100 pounds total availunless blended with at least 50% low-nitrate able nitrogen per acre to a 3-foot depth. This forage. includes nitrogen available from fertilizer Amanda Grube, a recent MSU graduate and nitrogen released from both the prior student in the Department of Animal and faba bean crop residue and soil organic Range Sciences, studied whether adding matter. sulfur to the soil can reduce nitrate accuUnder rainfed conditions, May to Septemmulation and improve barley forage quality. ber rainfall was 6.7 and 3.8 inches in 2020 Hayes Goosey, Grube’s major adviser and and 2021, respectively, at NWARC. Forage MSU Extension forage specialist, led the yield declined at total soil nitrogen levels study with assistance from Torrion; Kent greater than 150 pounds of nitrogen per acre.

McVay, Extension cropping systems speIncreasing nitrogen from 100 to 150 pounds cialist, and Pat Carr, associate professor of per acre did not increase yields. Yields were cropping systems. All are in the Department about 18% higher with irrigation. of Research Centers.

Increasing total available nitrogen above “In general, as available soil sulfur in112 pounds per acre did not consistently procreased, forage nitrates decreased,” said duce more forage under irrigated conditions.

Grube.

“The possible higher yields are probably At NWARC in that study, broadcasting not economically feasible considering fertiland incorporating 20 pounds sulfur per acre izer and irrigation costs,” said Dalen. prior to planting reduced forage nitrates to Pushing yields with high nitrogen and more than 8 inches of irrigation can be risky CONTINUED ON PAGE B23

International Day of the Potato

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Date Celebrated: May 30th This day represents a global shout-out to the mighty spud, highlighting its role in feeding billions, supporting farmers, and boosting sustainability. It highlights the potato’s essential role in tackling food insecurity, improving nutrition, and supporting livelihoods around the globe.

The United Nations, with the support of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), established this day to draw attention to the potato’s benefits, which range from its nutritional value to its economic, environmental, and cultural significance​​​​​​​​.

The celebration of International Day of the Potato underscores the potato’s journey from its origins in the South American Andes to becoming a staple food consumed by billions worldwide.

This day not only celebrates the potato’s nutritional and cultural value but also emphasizes its importance in providing food security and supporting economic development.

With over 5,000 varieties, the potato is adaptable to various climates, making it a key crop in efforts to combat hunger and malnutrition​​​​.

The reasons behind marking this day are multi-fold. It aims to raise awareness about the potato’s role in addressing global challenges such as poverty, food scarcity, and environmental threats. The celebration brings to light the crop’s low greenhouse gas emissions, showcasing its environmental benefits.

Additionally, the day recognizes the potato’s contribution to employment and income growth, highlighting the need for further action to maximize its potential in the global fight against hunger and malnutrition.

Optimal nitrogen and sulfur rates for annual forage grasses

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B23

Advertising Deadline for the June 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be May 28th.

Wednesday BEFORE first Monday of each month.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE B22

below toxic levels.

“However, there is a limit to how much added sulfur can help lower nitrates,” said Goosey. At moderate soil nitrogen (25-35 pounds of nitrogen per ton of forage), sulfur helped lower nitrates, however if available nitrogen was high (greater than 35 pounds per ton), sulfur fertilization reduced nitrate but did not reduce nitrates to non-toxic levels.

According to the research, forage quality is largely determined by soil nitrogen. If there is too much nitrogen, then forage quality declines. It is best to manage soil nitrogen, rather than sulfur, to limit forage nitrates.

Grube and Goosey suggest sacrificing a little in yield by using less nitrogen to reduce the risk of nitrate toxicity. The producer should collect soil samples yearly, prior to seeding, to reevaluate nitrogen levels and amend with correct fertilizer nitrogen amounts. In fields that continually produce higher nitrate forage, producers should aim for the lower 25 pounds nitrogen per ton level and add 10-20 pounds sulfur per acre to minimize forage nitrate levels.

The 25 to 35 pounds nitrogen per ton recommendation agrees with the warm season grass research done by Dalen, where 100 pounds soil nitrogen per acre produced around 4 tons per acre in rainfed conditions and 112 pounds soil nitrogen produced around 5 tons of forage per acre under irrigation.

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Seeds and transplanting tips

Prepare the proper environment before planting seedings.

Good soil preparation is the single most important thing you can do for your plants. Loosen soil to at least 6” (15 cm), add organic matter (such as peat moss, compost, or manure), and mix well. Rake to level.

Plant when the soil is moist; if the weather is dry, then water the soil the day before transplanting.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page B24

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Spring flash grazing

By Ben Beckman, UNL As pastures green up this spring, there may be an opportunity for producers to get some early forage and manage 1945 Farmall H with 9-SPEED ORIGINAL TRANSMISSION, restored, very good condition. weeds, flash grazing. This can be particularly beneficial for BEST OFFER early weeds like cheatgrass or downy brome. Especially Phone (406) 741-2501 (after prompt dial 8). No phone calls after 8:00 pm please. problematic in the western parts of the state, cheatgrass greens up early, outcompete native species, and create fine fuels that increase wildfire risk.

Targeted flash grazing— short-duration, high-intensity grazing—can suppress cheatgrass if timed right.

The best window is during the elongation phase, just before seed set. This is when animals prefer it, nutritional value is fairly high, before it robs your pastures of moisture and nutrients, and most importantly, before it reseeds itself for the next year.

Flash grazing doesn’t have to be limited to cheatgrass. In eastern Nebraska, pastures hit by drought last year can expect a flush of spring and summer weeds.

Flash grazing offers a chance to control those weeds while providing valuable early forage—especially if you’re delaying full pasture turnout to allow for regrowth.

Similarly in native pastures being invaded by cool season introduced species like smooth brome and in sizes ranging from 14’x24’ to 16’x72’ Kentucky bluegrass, flash grazing can be a useful Residental • Recreational tool. Turn out early, before warm season species begin Engineered & Inspected their growth (before lateMay) and graze hard. The cool season grasses will be targeted, and warm season natives will have a chance to better compete for resources later.

Strategic spring grazing won’t solve every weed problem, but it can jumpstart your pasture’s productivity.

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England’s two biggest chocolate makers, Cadbury and Rowntree, tried to steal trade secrets by sending spies into each others’ factories posed as employees.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C1

Manure source delays and opportunities related to HPAI

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By Leslie Johnson - Animal Manure Management 399,000 $375,000 Extension Educator Following a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Located in Three Forks, MT - For more information call Franck (406) 521-5234 outbreak, manure from affected poultry farms may be delayed due to composting requirements aimed at virus mitigation. Farmers relying Severinsen Irrigation LLC on poultry manure should Get a jump on 2231 HWY 89 consider backup fertilization plans. spring!

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(HPAI) outbreak, there may be a delay in the ability to receive manure and other products from those barns.

This is because all biological material in the barn must be composted with the mortalities at 45-65°C (131-160°F) for four weeks (USDA APHIS) to minimize the risk of the virus spread, including, birds, feathers, eggs, feed and manure.

If your sole source of fertilizer is from a specific poultry operation, it would be wise to consider researching a backup plan if the facility breaks with Come see the HPAI. This is particularly true if the application winheaviest and strongest dow is narrow.

Mortality compost piles pivot in the world! or windrows from HPAI infected barns must go through two heating cycles and must maintain a minimum tem perature for 14 days, so all products coming from those barns are likely to have a 406-759-5006 six- to 12-week delay in availability. However, once 717 Madison Ave., W. Chester, MT (near Liberty County Airport) the compost is ready, the resulting compost is a high nutrient soil amendment.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C2

K-State swine team eyes ground breaking soybean meal research

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By Jacob Klaudt, K-State Research and Extension news service Swine producers commonly use soybean meal as one of the largest protein sources in diets, so over the years, researchers have examined soybean meal quality thoroughly.

However, K-State assistant research professor in swine nutrition Katelyn Gaffield said her research team took a new approach to investigating soybean meal quality by evaluating novel factors like the impact of adding back soybean byproducts into meal when feeding pigs.

“I studied this during my doctoral research with the team, and these are – specifically – the byproducts from oil refineries; we can get soybean gums or soybean soapstocks,” she said. “We conducted a large industry survey, and with the help of the United Soybean Board, we sampled from 15 different processing plants to look at the variation.”

The most interesting findings from the survey were how large variation was in color and viscosity, according to Gaffield, noting this piqued her team’s interest.

“When we evaluated those samples of gums and soapstocks, we found large differences in the fat content, which was important when adding it back to diets and the moisture content.”

Even though Gaffield saw an increase in fat in the soybean meal when those byproducts got added back, she did not observe a change in crude protein levels.

“Essentially, those plants add those byproducts back until they either hit their limit or until they’re worried about getting too low of a crude protein content in the soybean meal,” she said.

With the thought that an increase in fat content and additional energy may benefit pigs instead of thinking that byproducts are a negative, Gaffield conducted a nursery study where soybean gums and soapstocks were incorporated back into soybean meal.

“Ultimately, we found little differences in growth performance when we fed the soybean gums or soapstocks to pigs,” she said. “So, this is a good finding for producers because it indicates that you don’t have to worry about sourcing different soybean meals and whether byproducts must be included back.”

Additionally, Gaffield’s team discovered a slight positive increase in average daily gain due to higher levels of gums – especially in the late nursey period – due to the fact researchers believe that gums have a higher level of fat content in the byproduct itself.

“Maybe we are seeing a potential benefit to the energy and no concerns with sourcing it for your swine diet,” Gaffield said. “There may be a potential benefit if you add it at high enough inclusion levels, but we need to evaluate that further to say it has a definite improvement.”

Beyond average daily gain, fecal output was also monitored.

“We also saw no differences in the fecal dry matter, which indicated it wasn’t negatively impacting their health or giving them gastrointestinal tract challenges,” Gaffield said.

Gaffield reminds producers, however, that these byproducts were added back at relatively low levels.

“We only added up to around 2% and so even though we saw those large variations in energy content; it’s diluted out of the diet, so we didn’t see any negative effects there,” she said.

Absurd Inventions Invention: Pantyhose x3 What it does: Patented in 1997, they are three-legged panty hose. No, they’re not for three-legged people, they’re for women who know what it’s like to get a run in their stockings. Instead of having to carry spares, you just rotate the legs. The extra leg is hidden in a pocket in the crotch; the damaged leg rolls up to take its place.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C3

TRACTOR FOR SALE 2011 John Deere 9330 tractor, (Pre-Def), 710/70R38 duals, good rubber, 3440 hours.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C4

EQUIPMENT AND IRRIGATION FOR SALE Goodyear Ultratorque 420/85 R28 front tractor tire, shedded.

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Dog detectives could help growers sniff out Little Cherry Disease

By Angela Sams, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences

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WSU researchers are working with specially trained dogs to detect Little Cherry Disease in tree fruit orchards.

(Composite featuring photos courtesy of Corina Serban)

A new tool with four furry legs and an ultra-sensitive nose may soon offer the tree fruit industry a more reliable way to quickly detect Little Cherry Disease (LCD).

As part of a two-year project, Washington State University researchers are working with a pair of specially trained dogs and their handler to conduct field trials with infected cherry trees. The study, funded by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission (WTFRC) and the Northwest Nursery Improvement Institute, showed that the canines’ exceptional detection skills could offer a promising alternative to the current standard, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests.

“We don’t know what the two dogs are detecting in the infected trees, but speed and sensitivity are the main takeaways of our study,” said Scott Harper, associate professor in WSU’s Department of Plant Pathology. “The dogs are excellent at picking up low concentrations of the pathogen, which is hard to do by PCR testing. The dogs are also faster.”

PCR tests are expensive, and the results are far from instantaneous. For example, dissecting just one tree for PCR testing can take an entire day.

“These tests are not commercially viable for many growers,” said Corina Serban, WSU tree fruit extension educator. “Establishing another way to stay ahead of the disease will be very valuable to the tree fruit industry.”

Caused by one of three pathogens, LCD results in small, unripe, unmarketable cherries. Symptoms are typically only visible on the fruit during the harvest period; the rest of the year, the tree appears healthy.

“Without visible fruit, growers don’t know if their trees are infected,” Serban said. “Every year an infected tree stays in the ground, it could potentially infect additional trees.”

Because the incurable disease only presents itself in small areas of the tree, especially in the early stages of infection, testing is challenging.

“PCR tests rely on tree tissue samples,” Harper said. “Without symptoms to guide you, it’s hard to tell where in the tree the disease is present. You’re sampling blind and will probably miss it.”

LCD is spread through grafting and planting of infected materials or via insects like mealybugs and leaf hoppers. The only sure antidote is expensive: ripping the tree

out and replacing it with a new tree that takes roughly five years to reach full-scale production.

In search of a solution, Harper and Serban established a partnership in May 2023 with Jessica Kohntopp, an Idaho-based dog trainer who had previously taught canines to sniff out COVID-19 as well as viruses that infect tomatoes, squash, and citrus. For the WSU study, Kohntopp trained two dogs specially bred for detection work: Humma, a Dutch Shepherd, and Aika, a Belgian Malinois.

“I’m passionate about this work,” Kohntopp said. “I don’t want growers to tear up their entire nursery because of this disease. I knew the dogs could help, and that I could successfully train them.”

Kohntopp used infected and healthy potted cherry plants to teach Aika and Humma how to detect the disease. She trained the dogs to alert by stopping next to only the positive plants, rewarding them with a favorite toy each time they signaled accurately.

“For them, it’s a game, not a job,” Kohntopp said. “They’re so excited when they find the positive plants.”

Aika receives a toy reward from Kohntopp after finding an infected tree. (Photo courtesy of Corina Serban)

Beginning in March 2024, the WSU researchers tested the newly trained dogs’ capabilities with a series of trials. The first took place in a greenhouse at the WSU Prosser Irrigated Agriculture Research Extension Center. When presented with nearly 200 plants, the dogs successfully found all seven positive trees and alerted on an additional plant, which later tested positive. Several months later, the researchCONTINUED ON PAGE C5

Dog detectives could help growers sniff out Little Cherry Disease CONTINUED FROM PAGE C4

a blind controlled study in which Kohntopp was unaware of the plants’ infection status.

“We were trying to validate the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the canines,” Serban said. “We also wanted to ensure that Jessica wasn’t unintentionally cueing the dogs to alert at plants she knew were positive.”

In the blind study, each dog sniffed 1,380 plants, 101 of which were positive. Though both dogs missed a handful of infected trees, neither of them false alerted. An additional mini-study showed that the canines had a combined accuracy rate of 99.72%.

One especially promising trial involved five trees from a commercial orchard. The plants had previously tested negative, but Humma and Aika indicated otherwise. To confirm, the researchers dug up the five trees to PCR test them more rigorously.

“We cut them up, averaging 100 samples per tree,” Harper said. “The dogs were right every time — the trees were all positive.”

The five-tree trial also demonstrated that

the dogs can sniff out LCD at very low levels.

“The positive PCR samples all came back as weak positives,” Serban said. “This indicates that the dogs can detect the disease even at low concentrations.”

After the current project wraps up in May, the researchers plan to submit a proposal to extend their WTFRC funding. With additional support, they hope to study whether dogs can sniff out infected bundles of trees at nurseries, potentially stopping LCD before it reaches the orchard. The researchers also want to discover how tree dormancy periods affect the dogs’ detection abilities.

The eventual goal is to make dogs like Aika and Humma widely accessible for commercial growers.

“We want to scale this to help the industry,” Serban said. “The biggest challenge is using science to prove the dogs’ accuracy.

Our research is still ongoing, but it’s very promising so far.”

Learn About Composting Day

This holida y i s al ways May 29th Composting is easy.

You may be surprised at how easy it is to compost.

What to compost - As you learn about composting, you will be surprised at all the things you can compost.

It is common knowledge that you can compost garden and yard vegetation, as well as kitchen (vegetable) scraps. But, you can also recycle many other things, including papers, untreated wood, and cardboard. Cardboard paper towel and toilet paper holders are great items to compost.

You can use compost around your plants, to feed them, keep the weeds down, and to help retain soil moisture. If you don’t have a yard, you can give it away to family and friends that do.

Your reward will be flowers, vegetables or herbs from thankful gardeners.

Did you Know? You can make Compost Tea with your compost materials to feed your indoor and outdoor plants! It will save you $$$.

As you learn about composting, you will also see the wide array of ways you can compost. You can start a simple compost pile in your back yard. Or, you can select a range of composters, from compost bins and compost barrels, to compost tumblers. You can even use an indoor compost pail.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C5

ALL I WANT IS MELTON ALFALFA! MSU Bozeman’s latest Certified Alfalfa Seed Release Also available: Shaw, Wrangler, Ladak

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A non-selective herbicide for post-emergence broadcast use on canola, sweet corn[*], field corn, cotton, soybean, and sugar beet[*] designated as LibertyLink® or glufosinate resistant. GLUPEX 280SL may be used for weed control in non-LibertyLink® or non-glufosinate resistant cotton when applied with a hooded sprayer in-crop. GLUPEX 280SL may also be applied as a broadcast burndown application before planting or prior to emergence of canola, sweet corn[*], field corn, cotton, soybean, or sugar beet[*] designated as LibertyLink® or glufosinate resistant and any conventional canola, sweet corn[*], field corn, cotton, soybean, or sugar beet. GLUPEX 280SL may be used for post-emergence weed control on olives, listed tree, vine and berry crops. GLUPEX 280SL may also be applied for potato vine desiccation. [*Not for use in California.]

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C6

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

Vermeer 605N, In-Monitor Moisture Sensor, Auto Greaser, pickup clutch, 540 or 1000 PTO.............NEW Vermeer R2300 & R2800 rakes........................NEW Vermeer TM1410 mower 21-ft cut width...............NEW Vermeer 604R Signature 450 bales................$48,000 4-Vermeer 605N new drive rollers, maintenance lights, field ready........................................................$35,000 2-Vermeer 605SM completely rebuilt................$20,000 John Deere 705 rake, new teeth..........................$7500 H&S 12-wheel rake................................................$6000 Vermeer R2800 new teeth, updated pivots....$28,000 Vermeer VRB14 wheel rake..........................$24,000

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NEW Vermeer R2800 rake....................... HERE •Now building Gysler parts• NEW R2300 rakes........................ COMING IN! 1-Vermeer R2300 rake, used..................... CALL Euro pallet fork......................................... $1640 1829 McCarthy Creek Rd 1-The SetVermeer skid steer pallet forks. . ..................... $1280 R-series twin basket rakes (R2300 and R2800) are for customers who need to cover lots of acres in a Geyser, MT 59447 Beltec postperiod hole auger pressure, several very short of time.with Builtdown for performance and durability, these machines help to achieve faster dry down and 406-735-4374 bits......................................................... $2950 make tightly rolled bales that preserve quality, shed water and transport easily. What’s more, these machines are rlmccray@3rivers.net 3-point hydraulic post driver....................... $2500 proven on the millions of acres they have worked and the tremendous resale values they maintain.

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Vermeer, the Vermeer logo and Equipped to Do More are trademarks of Vermeer Manufacturing Company in the U.S. and/or other countries. © 2016 Vermeer Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

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acres 51⁄2’ x 24’ Stand Alone Panels $375inea.a very short period Vermeer 605N net, twine, floats................................USED DEMO 24’ Stand Alone Wind Break Panels $875 ea. of time.

2017 Vermeer R2300, rakes..............................................In Stock HDPE pipe, fittings, and welder rebuilt ...these ..(R2300 .........machines ..and .......R2800) .........help ...are $14,600 Vermeer 605XL , completely Built for performance andbasket durability, to achieve faster dry down andlotsmake tightly The Vermeer R-series twin rakes for customers who need to cover of acres in a rolled bales that preserve Geotherm Waterers PartstheyInhave Stock very short period of time.

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make tightlyVermeer rolledresale bales that preserve transport easily. What’s more, these machines are the values they..quality, (2)tremendous 2016 R2300, Demos .maintain. ...........shed .........water ..........and IN STOCK proven on the millions of acres they have worked and the tremendous resale values they maintain.

NEW MDS Bucket & Grapple, for JD 740 loader...............$4,500 Quick Mount Hole Auger, NH9030 bi-direct 15” auger....$3,480 rlmccray@3rivers.net 3PT Worksaver, post pounder, all hydraulic........................$2,150

406-735-4374 – Geyser, MT

New & Used Equipment

DURABILITY REDEFINED.

Vermeer R2800 & R2300 hydraulic rakes.$NEW Vermeer Farm King 7 bale....mover...................$CALL 605M,1400 reconditioned ......................................$22,000 NEW & USED EQUIPMENT Vermeer 605N baler, net, moisture, pickup clutch.. Vermeer Highline CRF650 bale processor, BP8000 , used bale processor ..........final ..........cut...$CALL ........$13,500 NEW Vermeer TM1410, 21’ cut.................................COMING IN .................................................................$NEW Used Vermeer R2800 hydraulic rake. . ... $30,000 NEW Vermeer TM850, trailed mower............................IN STOCK Cox Ranch Equipment Vermeer VR1022, VR1224, VR1428, VR2040 John Deere 566 baler, twine only, comes with exVermeer TM1200, 15.5’ cut, demo unit.........................IN STOCK 406-594-2204, Winston, MT NEW Vermeer .....................................................IN STOCK wheel rakes..R2300 ..............................................$NEW tra Cliff parts..Cox .................................................. $7500 Nate Cox26-ft.

406-594-2205, Winston, MT NEW Vermeer VR1224, with splitter...................IN STOCK Maybridge Vermeer BPX9010 balecenter processor.............$NEW harrows...........................$CALL NEW Vermeer RR140, rotary rake.................................IN STOCK Shane Sereday 406-547-4749, Kuhn GMD5251TC disc mower...........$CALL reconditioned.......................$8,000 ea.

(2) Vermeer R23 Rakes, multi White Sulphur Springs, MT Kuhn FC4661TCR Vermeer WR24 Wheelmower Rake......conditioner..........$CALL ........................................$3,000 coxranchequip@gmail.com Kuhn VT2806650 vertical mixer. .........................$CALL NEW Vermeer Rancher , net, twine, moisture. . . . .IN STOCK Haybuster 2650 balebalers processor. ............ $16,500 406-234-4595 Miles City, MT Introducing Vermeer – the newest models in the flagship line from the & WELD-ON SPROCKETS PULLEY ON HAND NEWN-series & USED EQUIPMENT Vermeer 605N baler, 10,000 +/bales, net only.. www.gordonrepair.com clint@gordonrepair.com company that started it all.

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14,000 baler,Belts new belts, chains, We Sell605N & Repair Vermeer 605 N.................................................................IN STOCK 2019 Vermeer EQUIPPED TOBaler DO MORE. $18,900 Vermeer 605M, All Makes & Models sprockets.......................................................$35,000 New Vermeer BPX9010 bale pickup processor. .......................CALL ..........JD .....6125M $7,500 Vermeer Rebel 5500 , twine, rebuilt 2018 Vermeer bales, through shop.......$34,000 , loader, 800 hours ...................605N ................14,000 .........$83,000 NEW & USED EQUIPMENT Highline bale processors.......................................CALL JD 566 , twine only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 Many Tractors Available ..................530 ............baler...................................... ...........................CALL (3) Vermeer 605M, twine, net, floats, ramp..Starting at $17,500 John Deere $3000 2014 NEW Highline Wheatheart ,...................We ...CALL Vermeer 605N..........CFR651 .....Heavy ..............Hitter .bale ...........processor, ..Post ...........Driver DEMOchopper..$17,000 SPECIAL 406-778-3777 (shop) – Baker, MT beds.. have expanded our product lines. Call for all Chisholm Trail/Cannonball bale beds, dumping (2) Vermeer R2300 , rakes, reconditioned Techno 980 , 8 bale mover .....21-ft. .............mower.............$45,000 ............$14,500 .............ea. ...........$32,500 your farm attachment/equipment needs.

2019 Vermeer TM1410 (cell) 406-978-3777 .......hay ........bale ..........trailer ...........................2017’s Vermeer R2300 4-wheeler lifts for balebeds. .............. $1000 round ..........In ....Stock .................$7,500 WW HD EZGreg Red Rhino , 8, rake Vermeer, the Vermeer logo and Equipped to Do More are trademarks of Vermeer Manufacturing Company in the U.S. and/or other countries. floats, ramps.......................... © 2016 Vermeer Corporation. Allnet, Rightstwine, Reserved.

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406-735-4374 – Geyser, MT

Dakota Gardener: Water you growing?

By Emily How, Horticulture agent, NDSU Extension – Ward County Last summer I had an amazing opportunity to attend the National Urban Extension Leadership conference in Nashville, Tennessee. During the conference, I listened to a group talk about how they hydroponically grew lettuce in a gallon jug.

Immediately, I thought this was something I needed to try back home in North Dakota. I mean, growing lettuce in the middle of winter without needing a huge hydroponic tower? Count me in!

So, how do you build this hydroponic system?

Start with a gallon container or similar-sized container; make sure the container you choose can hold a two-inch net pod. A net pod is a small mesh-like container used to hold plants and growing medium in a hydroponic structure. Fill the container with water and add the appropriate amount of nutrient solution, or fertilizer designed specifically for hydroponics. Follow the product label for the correct amount of nutrient solution to add; more is not better.

Next, wrap the container in aluminum foil to prevent algae growth in the water. Place a rockwool cube into the net pod, and then the hydroponic seed variety. Rockwool is used as a medium to support the seed as it starts to germinate and grow. Set the net pod into your water container, then place it in a window with a bright light or under a grow light and wait for the harvest. That’s it!

How does this method of growing work? Based on the Kratky method developed by B.A. Kratky at the University of Hawaii, this method uses capillary action to grow plants without requiring a high-tech system. Capillary action is the movement of water from the roots to the leaves through straw-like plant tissue called xylem. The nutrients in the water are taken up by the plant roots allowing the plant to grow without soil. As the roots take up the water, they grow longer to reach the lowering water level. The lower water level creates an air gap, allowing the plant to receive more oxygen. Just as gaps in the soil provide oxygen to the plants.

Maybe you are thinking, “What can I grow using this method?” Well, just about anything! I grew a variety of butter lettuce from some extra seeds that I had. Other popular hydroponic crops include cucumbers, tomatoes, lettuce and other greens like kale and Swiss chard, and herbs such as basil.

When deciding what to grow, be sure to select a hydroponic seed variety. These seeds have been specially cultivated to perform well in hydroponic systems. Also, make sure that the container you use is big enough for the crop that you are growing. Lettuce is great for gallon-sized containers because it does not get too large. Other crops, like herbs, can be grown in glass jars; however, bigger crops, such as tomatoes and cucumbers, should be grown in a five-gallon bucket or similar-sized container.

Water you going to grow?

May is American Cheese Month

History of American Cheese Month The background of American Cheese Month can be traced back to its first celebration, which was started by the American Cheese Society and took place in October 2011.

The event was celebrated annually in October for several years and then, in 2019, it was moved to May to provide better support for the producers of cheese.

The invitation is for farmers, retailers, and chefs, along with cheesemakers and cheesemongers, to make a big deal out of and take pride in the products they offer all under the diverse umbrella of American cheese.

Since its inception, several different groups have gotten on board in support of this month-long event, including the American Cheese Education Foundation, as well as various businesses that work with cheese such as makers and merchants.

American Cheese Month is an excellent time to feature cheese from influential, artisanal cheesemakers from across the country. Because cheese is such an incredible specimen of food, all sorts of days exist in celebration of it – basically throughout the year!

Going to grass: Preventing grass tetany with magnesium supplementation

By Brock Ortner, Nebraska Extension Livestock System Educator, Mary Drewnoski, Nebraska Extension Beef Systems Specialist tive to preventing tetany.

Grass tetany can be a costly concern Magnesium is commonly fed in the form when transitioning cows to lush, coolof magnesium oxide (MgO), which is bitseason pastures, but it can be prevented with ter and unpalatable to cows. To manage proper magnesium supplementation. Photo reduced mineral intake: Credit: Troy Walz Introduce high-Mg mineral several weeks Grass tetany can be a costly concern before turnout to allow cows to adapt. when transitioning cows to lush, coolMonitor mineral consumption and if inseason pastures, but it can be prevented with take is low consider adding 1 lb of corn or proper magnesium (Mg) supplementation. dried distillers grains per 50 lbs of mineral Preparing for turnout by monitoring highmix to increase consumption.

Mg mineral intake will help maintain adAdditionally, sodium deficiency deequate Mg status and prevent deficiencies. creases Mg absorption due to reliance on The secondary magnesium (Mg) defimaintaining an electrochemical gradient ciency referred to as grass tetany is often for Mg transport into cells. Salt is critical associated with “going to grass” when for Mg absorption, and the delivery method cows are grazing lush, cool-season grasses, affects mineral intake: including small cereals and bromegrass.

If supplementing minerals through a forMagnesium is critical for nervous and tified feedstuff (e.g., cake or pellets), ensure muscle function, which is portrayed by free-choice salt is available. the key symptoms of acute grass tetany, If providing minerals via a free-choice including: excitable behavior, nervousness, mineral mix, incorporate salt into the mix reduced feed intake, twitching (especially rather than offering it separately, as cows around the face, ears, and flanks), blind tend to consume salt preferentially over the staggering, and as the disease progresses, mineral mix. convulsions.

While grass tetany is indeed caused by Mg deficiency, it is somewhat of a misnomer because it is driven by high nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) that impair ruminal absorption of Mg, even when forages have adequate Mg concentrations. This is especially true for improved pastures that have been fertilized with N and/or K. Lactating cows, particularly older, mature cows, are at the greatest risk of developing grass tetany. This is driven by an uptick in Mg requirements for lactating cows (0.12% for pregnant cows and 0.20% during lactation on a diet dry matter (DM) basis). The peak Mg demand corresponds with calving because of 3 times greater concentration of Mg in colostrum compared with true milk.

The main determinant of grass tetany is not only Mg concentration in the diet, but the concentration of N and K. Forages can contain variable Mg, but grass tetany tends to occur when forages have: low Mg (0.15%) low calcium (Ca; < 0.4%) high K (> 2.5%) To address these factors, supplementing additional Mg is recommended (1015% Mg in 4 oz target intake mineral), along with adequate Ca and salt intake.

When evaluating commercially available products, consider the K content; supplementing additional K to the diet is counterproduc##### First American novel to sell a million copies: Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852).

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C7

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C8

Seeds and transplanting tips How much free choice mineral are Planting seeds too closely together or overwatering can nursing calves eating? cause damping-off disease where the base of the seedling turns brown and dies.

Before planting shrubs in the garden, lay the plants out in their pots roughly in the place where you plan to plant them. This way you’ll be able to check if they are in the right places before any heavy work has been done.

When choosing plants from a garden center, always pick healthy stock. Select stocky, deep-green plants with buds slightly showing. Spindly plants in full bloom make poor transplants. Avoid plants with discolored or wilted leaves.

When transplanting, select plants that are about as tall as they are wide, dark-green in color, vigorously growing, and free of spots or lesions on the leaves, indicating disease problems.

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By Mary Drewnoski, Nebraska Extension Beef Systems Specialist Cattle do not regulate their mineral intake of age. Thus, if target intake was 4 oz (0.25 based strictly on their nutritional needs. lb/d) for cows, then disappearance of 6 oz Instead, salt is the primary driver of free(0.40 lb/d) for pairs would increase the likechoice mineral consumption. This means that lihood that cows are consuming the target. fluctuations in mineral intake are often due For a 2 oz mineral, the target disappearance to changes in salt cravings rather than a conwould be 3 oz (or 0.20 lb/d) to account for scious effort by cattle to balance their mineral calf intake. Table 1 provides target mineral status. Thus, when cows are eating more than mix disappearance rates per week for a 4 oz/ the target intake (based on the label), adding day mineral across various herd sizes. The additional salt to a free choice mineral to numbers in the table could be divided by 2 allow them to get their salt craving met and for a 2 oz/day mineral. reduce intake of the mix is a way to prevent Why Is Mineral Access Important for over-supplementation and wasting money.

Calves?

With that in mind, a producer recently The fact that nursing calves consume freeasked me this question: choice mineral is beneficial because milk is “I have noticed that my mineral intake a poor source of key trace minerals such as increases in late summer. How much of this copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se). increase is due to calves, and should I be adWhile calves are born with liver stores of justing my target intake to account for their these minerals (assuming the cow’s diet was consumption?” adequate), those stores can become depleted This is an excellent question. While some by 3 months of age. As calves get older, they of the increased intake may simply be due to must rely on their diet to meet their mineral cows craving more salt, calves do consume needs. In Nebraska, pasture is typically defifree-choice mineral, and accounting for their cient in copper and zinc, and most areas are intake can help ensure cows are not underalso selenium deficient. Ensuring that calves supplemented. have access to mineral feeders and adjustHow Much Mineral Do Calves Coning disappearance targets accordingly helps sume? ensure we are meeting the calves’ needs as Research specifically measuring cow and well. Bottomline, accounting for calf mincalf free choice mineral intake separately eral intake can help ensure your cow herd is limited. However, one study found that is properly supplemented and set calves up nursing calves between 2 to 5 months of age for optimal health and performance. consumed about 60% of what the cows were Managing Mineral Intake eating. This means that if cows consume 4 Now that you know your target intake, ounces of mineral mix per day, their calves what steps can you take to keep disappearwere eating just over 2 ounces. A good rule ance in the right range? The article Tips of thumb would be to increase the target disfor Managing Free-Choice Mineral Intake appearance rate by 1.6 times to account for walks through key strategies to optimize incalf consumption once they reach 2 months take and avoid under- or over-consumption.

Table 1. Target free choice mineral mix disappearance (pounds per week) for a 4 oz per day mineral Cow Herd Size Cow Only (4 oz) Cow + Calf (6 oz) 25 44 70 50 88 140 75 131 210 100 175 280 125 219 350 150 263 420 175 306 490 200 350 560

Montana Hereford Breeders Brownell Polled Herefords

J Bar E Ranch

406-788-3242, Pendroy, MT dave.brownell51@gmail.com

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Feddes Herefords

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Dan 406-570-1602, Manhattan, MT www.feddes.com

McMurry Cattle

406-254-1247, Billings, MT www.mcmurrycattle.com

K & C Herefords

K.L. Slagsvold Herefords 406-584-7571, Lindsay, MT

Thomas Herefords

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L Bar W Cattle Company

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Sparks Herefords

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C9

Stokes Contracting, LLC 1590 Blazen Rd, Conrad, Montana

406-885-0631

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

1988 Kenworth T800 fuel/lube truck, Series 60 Detroit, jakes, 9 speed, 1000 gallon fuel tank, 5 oil products, oil recovery, nice setup................... $37,500

Gehl DL8 L 44 telescoping forklift, 8K lift, 44-ft. reach, Deere engine..$27,500

Genie HS4390 RT scissor lift, 4x4, 43ft. lift, 90” wide, diesel............. $20,500 Wacker Neuson EZ 17 mini excavator, OROPS canopy, blade, 1600 hours ............................................... $18,900

2013 Skytrak 10042 telescoping forklift, 10K lift, 42-ft. reach, foam filled tires, 3 way steering, 6K hours, nice lift............................................ $44,500

Genie 5519 telescoping forklift, 5500# lift, 19-ft. reach, Deutz diesel engine, 2300 hours, good machine..... $43,900

2008 Volvo G970 road grader, cab, heat, a/c, 14-ft. board, radial rubber, recent trans and rears............ $69,500 Miller Big Blue 400D welder/generator, Deutz diesel engine, 3300 hours trailer mounted, leads................ $7500

2024 Wacker Neuson SM 100 mini track skidsteer, auxiliary hydraulics, bucket, 1 hour......................... $37,500

2019 Bomag BW-120SL-5 roller, smooth double drum, OROPS, Kubota diesel engine, water system, 613 hours...................................... $27,500

Rammax 1575 trench roller, diesel engine, wireless remote control, 230 hours...................................... $15,500

1981 Freightliner cabover truck, fresh rebuilt 400 Cummins, jakes, 18 speed transmission, air leaf suspension, 244 wheelbase, new aluminum wheels...... ............................................... $25,000

2011 Genie S45 boomlift, Deutz diesel engine, 4x4, 4200 hours, jib... $24,500

2014 Wacker Neuson ST 35 track skidsteer loader, OROPS canopy, 1700 hours, pilot controls....... $31,000 2012 Western Star water truck, new Uniter 4000 gallon system, 500 hp Cummins, 10 speed, rear locker, hose reel, pintle hitch, new rubber. Excellent condition............................... $121,900

2000 Kenworth W900L truck, fresh Signature 600 Cummins engine, jakes, 15 speed transmission, Aerocab sleeper, new drivers............... $44,000

2012 Genie S65 boomlift, Deutz diesel engine, 4500 hours, 4x4, jib, foam, filled tires. 3 available....... $27,500 ea.

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2024 Case CX60C excavator, with cab, heat, a/c, hydraulic thumb, angle blade, quick coupler, auxiliary hydraulics, 38 hours.......................... $86,500 1979 Walker stainless steel tanker, 40-ft., 2 compartments, 6200 gallon total capacity, aluminum wheels, factory reconditiioned, excellent......... $24,000

Vermeer S725 TX mini track skidsteer, Kubota diesel engine, 1460 hours, auxiliary hydraulics, bucket.... $13,500

2014 Wacker Neuson SW 24 skidsteer loader, OROPS canopy, 1100 hours, new tires...................... $24,500

Skytrak 10054 telescoping forklift, 20K lift, 54-ft. reach, 3 way steering, 6-ft. forks................................ $32,500

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C10

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Grasshoppers return

By Robert Wright - Extension Entomologist, Ron Seymour - Extension Educator, Justin McMechan Crop Protection and Cropping Systems Specialist Control is Easier in Borders and More Successful in the Immature Stages Populations of immature grasshoppers are being reported in areas bordering crop fields in several parts of Nebraska. If these grasshopper species are one of the four major species that are likely to infest cropland, control may be warranted if high numbers are present. These insects will likely continue to be a present for the rest of the summer.

If they are abundant, it’s best to try to control grasshoppers while they are concentrated in the border areas before they spread into the crops and before they become adults and become harder to control.

Only four of the more than 100 species of grasshoppers found in Nebraska normally damage field crops. These species are the • two-striped, • red-legged, • differential, and • migratory grasshoppers.

(For a detailed guide on identifying these four species see Grasshopper Identification Guide for Cropland Grasshoppers Summer Feeding Species, EC1569.) These species feed on a wide range of plants and are most often found in mixed habitats that include broadleaf weeds.

Because grasshoppers move into cropland generally from untilled areas surrounding crop fields, pay particular attention to field border with abundant broadleaf weeds, scout and, if necessary, treat these adjacent untilled areas first. Sometimes grasshoppers may hatch out from eggs laid in no-till crop fields as well. If grasshoppers have already invaded the field, also sample field areas to determine if control is warranted.

The grasshoppers are most likely to move from these areas to adjoining crops when their food supply in these borders dries up or the borders are mowed.

Scouting Estimating grasshopper densities is difficult and can only be done accurately with some practice. The best method for estimating grasshoppers in field borders or hatching areas is the square-foot method.

Randomly select an area several feet away and visualize a one square-foot area around that spot. Walk toward this spot while watching this square foot area and count the number of grasshoppers you see in or jumping out of this area.

Repeat this procedure 18 times and divide the total number of grasshoppers by two. This will give you the number of grasshoppers per square yard (9 square feet). Counting sites should be chosen at random and include varied vegetation.

To sample for grasshopper densities within fields — where grasshopper density will be lower — use the same method except visualize and count the hoppers in a square yard area.

Because of the difficulty of seeing hoppers in this larger area, counts will be somewhat less accurate. Take 18 samples.

Average these estimates to get the number of grasshoppers per square yard. When the number of grasshoppers per square yard has been estimated, use Table 1 to determine the potential need for treatment.

Control Measures Grasshoppers are easiest to control before they become adults and have fully developed wings (Figure 2). Numerous insecticides are labeled and effective for grasshopper control on various crops. (See the Insecticide Table for the respective crop, from Nebraska Extension EC130.) After grasshoppers become adults control success will be much more variable. If a range of rates is listed for a given insecticide, generally it’s best to use the higher rates once adults are present. Always follow the recommended label rates, application directions, and restrictions.

Adult differential grasshopper Because grasshoppers do not like to enter dense plant canopies, most damage will be limited to field edges. Border treatments often are used to protect cropland from grasshopCONTINUED ON PAGE C11

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C11

Grasshoppers return

Ben Hofeldt Custom Haying

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C10

pers. A border spray should be effective for at least seven to 14 days, depending on re-infestation pressure. Also, the residual activity of the treatments will vary with chemical and environmental conditions. It is important to monitor the border areas and crop margins after treatment to make sure grasshoppers do not reenter the field. Be sure to read and follow harvest and grazing restrictions when spraying borders adjoining cropland.

When treating borders, it is often necessary to treat the edge of the crop to reduce hopper numbers that have already moved into the field margin. One of the biggest problems with these treatments is that only a few insecticides are labeled for both crops and the surrounding areas (rangeland/ pasture or non-crop areas).

Insecticides Malathion and carbaryl are labeled on most crops along with range/pasture and non-crop areas, but these products are less effective on mature grasshoppers. Acephate (e.g., Orthene) is labeled for non-crop use, but the only common Nebraska crops it is labeled for are soybean and dry beans.

Dimilin is labeled for range/pasture and non-crop use, but it’s only additional label is on soybeans, and it is only active against immature grasshoppers. One advantage of Dimilin as a border spray would be the lowered impact on natural enemies, especially those effective on spider mites.

Perhaps the best products for this type of treatment are esfenvalerate (e.g., Asana) and lambda-cyhalothrin (e.g., Warrior II), because they are labeled for non-crop use and for use on several crops (corn, soybeans, sugarbeets, dry beans, sunflowers, potatoes). Mustang MAX is labeled for grass forage/fodder/hay crops and also can be used on field corn, seed corn, popcorn, alfalfa, sunflower, sorghum, soybeans and wheat. Numerous other products are specifically labeled for grasshopper control on various crops (EC 130).

For More Information The UNL Department of Entomology’s website, Grasshoppers of Nebraska, provides links to publications on grasshopper identification and control in crops, range, yards, and gardens, as well as to the Nebraska Extension publication, Grasshoppers of Nebraska, a field guide to the many species of grasshoppers living in the state.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C12

FARM EQUIPMENT FOR SALE Krause 30-ft. cultivator with harrows 2 ) Westgo 1310 grain augers, 65-ft., hydraulic swing load augers, one left and one right side.

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Nineteen MSU grad students gather with Dr. Sreekala Bajwa, Dean and Vice President, MSU College of Agriculture, at the second annual MWBC March Madness competition in Bozeman, Montana.

March Madness winners at MWBC Event

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While Montana State University (MSU) celebrated the women’s basketball team qualifying for the NCAA March Madness, it was another March Madness competition gaining attention this week in Bozeman.

Nineteen MSU College of Agriculture graduate students competed for more than $5,000 in prize monies at the second annual competition held by the Montana Wheat & Barley Committee (MWBC).

New this year were four divisions available: Masters First Year, Masters Later Year, PhD First Year* and PhD Later Year.

Winners are as follows: Sergei O’Sullivan - Sparta, NJ - Masters First Year - 1st - $1000 CRISPR in Plant Breeding: A New Era of Mutagenesis Lakyn Sonday - Bayfield, WI - Masters First Year - 2nd - $500 Building Barley from the Roots Up Eric Cassetta - Prescott, AZ - Masters First Year - 3rd - $250 Accelerating Allium Production in Montana: Increasing Profitability and Sustainability Ishita Isha – India - Masters Later Year - 1st - $1000 Search for a Durable Wheat Stem Sawfly Resistance QTL in Spring Wheat Chloe Hinson - Ellicott City, MD - Masters Later Year - 2nd - $500 Getting Longer: Heat Tolerant Wheat Heads Connor Nelle - Peshastin, WA - Masters Later Year - 3rd - $250 Detecting Herbicide Resistance in Wild Oat Prior to Spraying: Imagery Approaches Brandon Tillett - Livingston, MT - PhD Later Year - 1st - $1000 A Loss of Function Mutation to Flowering Locus T1 (ET1) Delays Heading & Increases Yield in Montana Adapted Spring Wheat Jared Lile - Susanville, CA - PhD Later Year - 2nd - $500

Genomic Selection for End-Use Quality in Montana Spring Wheat Caleb Hale - Bellingham, WA - PhD Later Year - 3rd - $250 Breeding Super Raska Durum Wheat Held Monday, March 24, and emceed

by Colter Brown of Northern Ag Network, March Madness was conducted with a Shark Tank style. Students had five minutes to pitch their projects to a panel of judges comprised of growers from across Montana. Different from their continual reviews among their scientific peers, this experience necessitated that students present their work in layman’s terms.

“One criterion is practicality of the project,” said Lori Wickett, MWBC Research and Communications Director. “This is their opportunity to convince a grower that what they are completing in the lab will make a positive impact on the farm.”

Wickett added that some students have yet to be out in the farm field. “We hope the experience reveals to students how important it is to meet growers at field days, consume real-time information and think more critically about actual application processes. It should strengthen their ability to solve big issues for farmers.”

Students competing in the event are largely enrolled in the Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology and the Land Resources & Environmental Sciences departments at MSU. Scoring covered project impact, communication skill, practicality and poster. Judges (comprised of six MWBC board members and three Montana Grain Growers Association [MGGA] board members) asked multiple questions of each contestant following their pitch and a packed audience was also engaged in questioning.

MGGA and the Montana Grains Foundation joined MWBC in sponsorship of the event for a second year, held at the MSU Alumni CONTINUED ON PAGE C13 Foundation.

Judges for MWBC March Madness competition in Bozeman, Montana were left to right backrow: Boyd Heilig, Moore MGGA; Dale Flikkema, Bozeman MGGA; Courtney Herzog, Rapelje MWBC; Lee Dahlman, Dutton MWBC; Terry Angvick, Plentywood MWBC; Klayton Lohr, Devon MGGA; Brett Dailey, Jordan MWBC; Max Cederberg, Turner MWBC. Front row: Kent Kupfner, staff MWBC; Cindy McKamey, Great Falls MWBC; Lori Wicket, staff MWBC.

MWBC March Madness Winner CONTINUED FROM PAGE C12

Brandon Tillett A Loss of Function Mutation to Flowering Locus T1 (FT1) Delays Heading & Increases Yield in Montana Adapted Spring Wheat ~ PSPP G l o b a l l y, wheat is the second most produced crop by acreage and makes up over 20% of the caloric intake of the entire human population . The timing of floral development in wheat has a significant impact on grain yield. In hot and dry environments earlier floral development favors yields as the wheat head can complete development before the onset of heat and drought conditions. Conversely, in cooler and wetter environments yield is favored by later floral development, leaving more time for the vegetative growth and development stages, resulting in larger plants with increased yields.

According to the latest Montana Climate assessment, annual temperatures have risen between 2-3 °C and the growing season has extended 12 days since 1950, necessitating more control over the timing of floral development to take advantage of the changing growing season. Flowering Locus T1 (FT1) is a central regulator of the flowering pathway in wheat, impacting the timing of floral development. A loss of function allele of FT1 from the D genome of wheat was recently discovered.

Heterologous inbred families that segregated for the FT-D1 allele were derived from the F4 generation of a cross between Montana adapted spring wheat cultivar Vida and Dagmar. In both dryland and irrigated field experiments, the loss of function FT-D1ΔG allele delayed heading by a day and a half, increased primary head length, increased seed number per head, and increased yield by 7%.

##### In 2003 New Jersey Devils goaltender Martin Brodeur took the NHL Stanley Cup to a movie theater and ate popcorn out of it.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C13

BACKHOE FOR SALE

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CONTINUED ON PAGE C14

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Good selection of hub, sprocket and pulleys for 40, 50, 60 chains and pulleys up to 16 inches.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C14

120 ANGUS PAIRS FOR SALE

$3700 - Good running age

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MWBC March Madness Winners CONTINUED FROM PAGE C13

Trucking Available Bridger, MT - Phone (406) 425-3128 or (406) 855-6454

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Ishita Isha - Search for a Durable Wheat Stem Sawfly Resistance QTL in Spring Wheat ~ PSPP The wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton) is a significant pest in North America, causing extensive damage to wheat fields by feeding on stems, leading to lodging and substantial harvest losses. Every year, farmers across the United States suffer millions of dollars in losses due to this destructive insect. To mitigate its impact, plant breeders and geneticists have identified the solid stem trait in various wheat landraces and cultivars. Despite the release of several solid-stem wheat varieties, only a few exhibits consistent solid stem expression across all nodes and stems of the plant. This study aims to identify novel genetic sources of the solid stem trait that may enhance the holistic expression of the solid stem trait. By integrating these sources with existing commercial wheat lines carrying major solid stem QTLs, this research seeks to develop more resilient wheat varieties with improved resistance to the wheat stem sawfly.

Dave and Brock Linker • 6960 North Coffee Creek Rd, Coffee Creek, MT 59424 Office phone: 406-567-2632 • Cell: 406-350-2266 or 406-350-2886

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Sergei T. O’Sullivan - CRISPR in Plant Breeding: A New Era of Mutagenesis ~ PSPP CRISPR has quickly become one of the most promising tools in plant breeding, offering a precise, efficient way to generate targeted mutations.

Unlike traditional EMS mutagenesis, which introduces thousands of random mutations across the genome, CRISPR allows us to edit specific genes of interest—eliminating the need for massive screening and reducing the risk of unintentionally damaging important traits. While EMS has played a major role in developing useful alleles, it often comes at the cost of background noise and reduced genetic diversity over generations of backcrossing and selection.

One major concern in modern breeding programs is the ongoing loss of genetic diversity as elite lines are repeatedly crossed and narrowed for specific traits. CRISPR offers a way to reintroduce variation without completely disrupting elite backgrounds. It also allows for the exploration of gene function in a much more controlled way, giving breeders the ability to create novel alleles or mimic naturally occurring ones lost in domestication.

This project looks at how CRISPR is reshaping our approach to mutagenesis and where it fits within real-world breeding pipelines. Its speed, precision, and adaptability make it an attractive tool for breeding labs—especially those looking to speed up trait development without compromising genetic integrity.

Bison reintroduction provides clues about animal learning, memory

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C15

SPRAYER FOR SALE

By Brooke Ortel

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Bison in Scotch pasture in the backcountry of Banff National Park. Photo by Karsten Heuer.

If you’ve ever moved, you might remember mapping out new routes to work, the grocery store, and other key locations.

Perhaps it took you a couple trips to get completely oriented.

You’re not alone. Many animals—including the bison recently reintroduced to Banff National Park—go through a similar process when adjusting to a new habitat.

Reintroduction programs are often touted as a way to mitigate biodiversity loss, but the prospect of large, highly mobile animals wandering outside park boundaries poses safety concerns for both humans and bison.

Reintroduction programs Unintended dispersal (e.g., free-roaming bison) is one of the reasons that reintroduction programs are often unsuccessful, says Tana Verzuh, a PhD student in the UW Department of Zoology and Physiology and Program in Ecology and Evolution.

Verzuh studies animal spatial learning, the process by which animals learn and memorize their surroundings. Starting in 2020, she has worked with Parks Canada to evaluate the effectiveness of different management tools in helping reintroduced bison learn—and remember—the boundaries of their new home. “If we are seeking to alter an animal’s behavior, we need them to learn,” she says. “But with reintroduction, we also don’t want to overstress them because we want them to settle.”

In 2017, 16 bison from Elk Island National Park were transported to Banff National Park. The bison were contained in a large enclosed pasture for a year and a half, allowing them to gradually adjust to their new environment before they were released into the park’s full expanse—more than 2,500 square miles, 96 percent of which is considered wilderness.

The Parks Canada team monitored the herd and employed various management

techniques to ensure the animals remained within the park’s boundaries. Meanwhile, Verzuh used GPS collars and remote sensing data to track each bison’s behavior as they explored their new home.

Hazing and stress For researchers interested in understanding animal learning and memory, reintroCONTINUED ON PAGE C16

CONTINUED ON PAGE

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C16

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Tana Verzuh, Dillon Watt (Parks Canada), Sean Elliott (Parks Canada), and Bryan Macbeth (Parks Canada) take vitals and biological samples while fitting a collar on a female bison in the backcountry of Banff National Park while Adam Zier-Vogel (Parks Canada) keeps an eye out for curious bison. Photo by Karsten Heuer.

Bison reintroduction provides clues about animal learning, memory CONTINUED FROM C15

duction programs present a unique opportunity. Reintroduction allows researchers to observe how animals move through and settle into a completely unfamiliar environment—and how management techniques affect this process.

The most successful management strategies use “hazing” methods that are stressful enough to be effective, but not so stressful that they discourage reintroduced animals from settling into their new environment, Verzuh notes.

In Banff National Park, the Parks Canada team used a variety of hazing strategies to prevent the bison from straying beyond the park’s boundaries. Hazing techniques were implemented on foot, on horseback, and via helicopter.

Verzuh’s team predicted that exposure to stronger negative stimuli, such as helicopters, would cause greater stress responses in the reintroduced bison than less invasive tactics, such as guiding the animals back into the park’s inner region on foot.

Their data supported this hypothesis.

Specifically, they found that hazing on foot, hazing on horseback, or installing fencing in strategic locations was less effective at changing behavior than using helicopters or employing multiple forms of hazing in combination.

The researchers found that helicopter and combined hazing techniques increased the speed and duration of the bison’s movement, but the effects diminished after about 36 hours. “Bison are a social species, so blowing groups apart can be really stressful—but we found that wasn’t happening,” Verzuh explains. “We saw an increased stress response, but it wasn’t elevated or prolonged, and we didn’t see a really negative effect on group dynamics.”

That’s largely due to how Parks Canada team members used the hazing techniques,

she says. They intentionally avoided pushing the animals too hard, taking care to never induce a full-out sprint.

When stressed, animals tend to select safe habitats, such as places that provide cover or familiar locations. However, even when helicopter hazing was employed, Verzuh didn’t observe significant changes in habitat selection, suggesting that the bison were stressed enough to avoid the hazing area but not so much that they were prevented from settling into their new environment.

Effective management For a management program to be truly successful, reintroduced animals must learn to consistently avoid the areas where hazing occurred, not just flee in the moment.

The bison in Verzuh’s study continually returned to locations where they encountered low-stress management techniques, indicating a lack of associative learning.

In contrast, they rarely, if ever, returned to locations where they experienced helicopter hazing or combined hazing.

Verzuh’s results suggested that higherstress management techniques, when implemented thoughtfully, were most effective at promoting long-term associative learning. “This active management has really helped successful reintroduction,” she concludes. “They still explore once in a while, but they’ve settled on the landscape.”

Currently, more than half of reintroduction programs fail. But Verzuh is hopeful that using animal learning to inform management strategies will facilitate better outcomes. “If we evaluate different tools through the framework of animal learning, we can select more effective tools based on behavioral changes,” she says.

To learn more, contact faculty advisor Jerod Merkle at jmerkle@uwyo.edu.

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Karsten Heuer getting ready to gently move the bison by foot after a helicopter was used to get them moving back toward the interior of the park. Photo by Tana Verzuh.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C17

406-265-9554 or 888-265-9554 1287 Highway 87 • Havre, MT 59501

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Considerations for planting into dry conditions

By Jenny Brhel - Extension Educator, Steve Melvin - Extension Educator Irrigated Cropping Systems, Amit Jhala - Professor and Associate Department Head, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Javed Iqbal - Extension Nutrient Management and Water Quality Specialist, Nicolás Cafaro La Menza – Cropping Systems Specialist, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture As planting is critical for everything else that happens during the growing season, the dry conditions have led to a variety of questions this spring regarding soil conditions, planting depth, irrigation and herbicides. This article reviews extension’s guidance on planting in 2025.

As of April 3, 2025, the Nebraska Drought Monitor shows 76% of Nebraska in moderate to exceptional drought (D1D4), compared to 55% a year ago. Planting sets the stage for everything else that happens during the growing season.

This article highlights key UNL planting recommendations and offers additional considerations for planting into dry conditions.

As of April 10, 76% of Nebraska was in moderate to exceptional drought (D1-D4), potentially resulting in dry surface soils for many this planting season.

Agronomic Considerations Soil Conditions This is perhaps the most critical component to planting because soil conditions set the stage for the decisions we make regarding planter adjustments, which crop is planted and planting depth. Some areas of the state received some fall/winter/spring precipitation to help with replenishing soil moisture, while other areas continue to lack subsoil moisture due to lack of precipitation events.

While subsoil moisture recharge during the off season is critical for crop production — especially in non-irrigated cropping systems — the soil surface moisture, or lack off, where seed is going in the ground is critical for planting. The planting months of April-May-June are between the months with large average rainfall during the year in Nebraska with a greater number of rainy days. This means that despite subsoil conditions, managing rapid changes in surface moisture at planting can become challenging.

When planting into drier conditions, increased down pressure is most likely necessary; however, be careful of causing any sidewall compaction. In many cases, increasing pressure won’t be reflected in planting quality. It is important to check on the planting monitor the “as applied” down pressure. There are cases in which extra weights are needed on the planter to make the extra down force work. With excess moisture, it’s important to wait and avoid compaction and ensure the seed vee closes. If surface moisture conditions change rapidly from dry to wet or wet to dry, remember to readjust your down pressure to the actual planting conditions.

Soil Moisture, Temperature and Planting Depth Corn needs to absorb 35% of its weight in moisture to complete the imbibition (water uptake) phase of germination. When adequate soil moisture is available, this typically occurs within 48 hours. Soybean needs to absorb 50% of its weight in moisture to complete the imbibition process.

When adequate soil moisture is available, recent research has shown imbibition can occur anywhere from eight to 24 hours. Once imbibition has occurred, soybean seeds enter an osmotic phase and are quite tolerant of soil temps as low as 35-40°F, although extended low soil temperatures can be expected to lengthen the germination to emergence timeframe.

In general, we’d recommend planting into soil temperatures as close to 50°F as possible and when the forecast is calling for warm air temperatures the next few days, as that would also help increase the soil temperature. Avoid planting prior to a cold snap (cold rain/snow) within eight to 24 hours for soybean and 48 hours for corn. You can take soil temperatures using a thermometer or you can view soil temperatures on CropWatch. Also be aware that soil moisture can help buffer soil temperatures, reducing larger swings, whereas dryer soils can cool down much quicker. If soil temperature can compromise emergence, why do we keep pushing early planting, especially for soybean? It is because of the yield advantage shown in the following article: Retrospective analysis of Nebraska corn and soybean planting progress (1980-2022).

How does soil moisture impact planting depth? Research has consistently shown the need for corn to be planted two inches deep. UNL showed best soybean yields were obtained by planting at a 1.75-inch depth. So, the short answer — CONTINUED ON PAGE C20

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C19

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C20

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Considerations for planting CONTINUED FROM PAGE C18

aiming for close to two inches is a good consideration for both corn and soybean. Planting shallower than 1.5 inches leads to more impacts on root development in corn, such as rootless corn syndrome. Proper seeding depth for soybean helps keep that seed in buffered soil moisture and temperature when planted early. It also aids that seedling from emerging too early.

Ensuring good soil-seed contact is key to emergence success. When seeds fall into an air pocket or rows are not well closed, the imbibition phase can be interrupted or never occur. We advise digging up some seeds during planting to check for proper seed-soil contact, moisture around the seed, and adjusting the planter as needed.

Uniform emergence is more important for corn than soybean. Because of this, Rob Nielsen, emeritus extension agronomist at Purdue shares, “When seedbed conditions are dry, make sure you choose a seeding depth that ensures uniformly adequate soil moisture for (corn) germination and emergence. Even though a 1.5- to 2-inch seeding depth is a good choice for many conditions, do not hesitate to increase seeding depth to 2.5 or 3 inches if that is the depth where uniform soil moisture is located.” We did have growers planting down to 3.5” in Nebraska in 2023 and 2024 to get even depth to moisture and the corn still came up. When it comes to soybean, we wouldn’t recommend planting much deeper than 2.5 inches.

For corn seeding rates, it’s best to check with your local seed dealer as our research shows that optimal corn population varies by hybrid. For those concerned about moisture in non-irrigated or limited-irrigated situations, one may consider using a hybrid with higher flex at a reduced seeding rate.

For soybean, our recommendation after 18 years of onfarm research studies (2006-2024) in heavier textured soils and 30-inch rows continues to be: plant 120,000 seeds/acre, aim for a final plant stand of 100,000 plants/acre and you’ll save money without reducing yields. If that’s too scary, try reducing your rate to 140,000 seeds/acre or try testing it for yourself via on-farm research.

Herbicide Considerations PPO inhibitors are an effective chemistry often used for pre-emergence applications in soybean. The different PPOinhibiting active ingredients, products and timing restrictions can be reviewed in this article. Soybean injury can occur in situations where the seed/germinating seed comes in contact with the PPO-inhibiting herbicide and via water splash onto the emerged soybean hypocotyl and cotyledons.

Some considerations to reduce injury to soybean include: Do NOT apply a PPO inhibitor herbicide if the seed vee is not closed, the soil is cracking along the seed trench or the soybean is beginning to emerge or has already emerged.

Another option if one is concerned about PPO inhibitor injury is to consider using Group 15 herbicide such as acetochlor (Warrant), pyroxasulfone (Zidua), dimethenamid-P (Outlook), etc. for residual weed control in a post-emergence application once the soybean has emerged. Remember that residual herbicides applied post-emergence do not have foliar activity, so they will not control emerged weeds but would prevent the emergence of new weeds.

Do not plant soybean shallow (less than 1.5 inches), particularly if the soil at seeding depth is dry. If a PPO inhibitor is applied in these conditions, it can allow the soybean to imbibe water with the herbicide in it, particularly if a rain and/or irrigation event occurs after application.

If soybean is planted into moisture, herbicide can be applied within a few days and watered in as long as the seed vee is closed and no soil cracking of the trench is occurring.

Irrigation Considerations Irrigating Prior to Crop Planting In general, we would only suggest watering before planting if the planter needs higher soil moisture levels to work well. If the soil is excessively hard, powdery or cloddy, running the pivot before planting may be beneficial. Another scenario to consider pre-watering is when more than 180 lb/ ac of anhydrous ammonia has been applied in strips, and less than 2 inches of moisture have been received since application — this can help minimize ammonia burn to the corn.

Otherwise, we recommend running the pivot after planting and only if needed.

Irrigation Considerations Early in the Year Running center pivots early in the season do have some extra challenges. First, keep in mind cold nights. The usual recommendation is not to run a pivot when temperatures are below 40°F. The past few years, several pivots operated below 40°F without problem, but keep in mind with low CONTINUED ON PAGE C22

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C21

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C22

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Considerations for planting CONTINUED FROM PAGE C20

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dewpoints, the pivot can ice up when the actual air temperature is well above 32°F. So, if you do choose to run in these conditions, keep a close eye out for ice buildup.

Second, bare, powdery soils tend to seal quickly after rain or irrigation, so monitor closely for runoff, even with minimal water application.

Third, when irrigating, ensure you apply enough water to reach the moist soil layer beneath. This issue is especially common following cover crops, tillage or fertilizer knife operations, which often leave the soil excessively dry. In other words, if a field has 4 or 5 inches of dry soil and a small rain or irrigation only moves water to 3 inches, the seedling can get started but will die from lack of moisture because roots cannot grow through dry soil.

Irrigating for Herbicide Activation It’s important that herbicides are activated with 0.5- to 0.75-inch rainfall or irrigation, preferentially within five to seven days after herbicide application. If moisture received is less than this amount, some herbicide products have the potential to remain on the soil for up to 14 days without being fully activated. We will have to see how the high winds blowing soil and removing soil particles containing herbicide impact future weed control.

Irrigating to Reduce Nitrogen Loss When dry or liquid urea is surface-applied without the use of a nitrogen stabilizer, applying approximately 0.5-inch of irrigation can help incorporate the fertilizer into the soil and reduce the potential for nitrogen loss.

In situations where irrigation is not available, no inhibitor was used, and no rainfall has occurred within seven days of application, it is important to monitor the corn crop for signs of nitrogen deficiency. Nitrogen losses under these conditions can occur early and be substantial, especially in fields with high surface crop residue, elevated soil temperatures above 70°F, moist conditions, high soil pH levels (greater than 7.0), or sandy textures.

In contrast, losses tend to be lower when soils are dry and temperatures are cooler. Timely incorporation through irrigation or rainfall is critical to preserving nitrogen availability for crop uptake.

Irrigating in Strip-till Regardless of whether anhydrous was applied in the fall or spring, and regardless of amount applied, ammonia burn may occur due to the dry conditions. Sometimes ammonia burn is seen early with seed germination and emergence.

Most often, it is seen when roots get to 4-8 inches long and hit the ammonia band. Irrigation can help alleviate the impacts of the ammonia injury.

Irrigating and Cold Water Impacts John Mick, Pioneer agronomist, shared that water from irrigation wells in the southern part of the state often is around 50-53°F, with it slightly less in temperature as one moves north in the state. These temperatures are not a problem to be concerned with regarding any negative impacts to seeds imbibing water.

Each field situation will vary, and we hope these considerations will help as you begin or continue this year’s planting season!

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 – Page C23

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Hours show 314 replaced between 5000-6000 hours, good running scraper............................................................. $124,000

Additional photos & information at www.affordableconstructionequipment.com

2015 Genie 5519 Telehandler

Hours 1010, auxiliary hydraulics, no flat tires, very nice machine...........................................................................$48,000

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C24

Needing an irrigation or stock water project design?

Designs include pipeline hydraulics, pump recommendations, pipeline size, and pressure rating.

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Sheep task force delivers new programming and resources

By Micah Most, UW Extension Educator, Johnson County around the state.

Within the University of Wyoming ColIn response to these results, the Sheep lege of Agriculture, Life Sciences, and Task Force planned a series of predator Natural Resources, extension specialists management talks delivered as webinars in are hired to provide teaching, research, and February and March 2025. extension expertise on campus and beyond.

On February 25, Derek Scasta, director Currently, Whit Stewart, associate professor of the Laramie Research and Extension of animal science, serves Wyoming producCenter, and his team members Kalli Koepke ers as the UW Extension sheep specialist. and Elias Hutchinson presented on their Meeting the needs of the entire state is a experiences using donkeys (burros) adopted tall task for one man, and county extension from the Bureau of Land Management as educators have pitched in to support his guardians for the research sheep flocks. work and Wyoming’s sheep industry.

On March 4, Sublette County rancher Getting started and author Cat Urbigkit presented on her In 2023, the cohort of agriculture and experiences with the use and management natural resources (ANR) extension educaof livestock guardian dogs. tors around the state had quite a few new On March 11, Chance Marshall, ANR edfaces. Several new educators, including the ucator from Fremont County, Rob Ziegler, Johnson County educator, were interested UW livestock marketing and production in supporting Stewart’s work. These efforts specialist, and Alison Crane, executive reflected a return to the traditional extendirector of the Wyoming Wool Growers Assion model that utilizes close cooperation sociation, presented on the economic impact of community-based educators with onof predators on the state’s sheep industry campus experts to answer questions and and the local and state resources available. provide educational programs.

Recordings of these presentations are The active partnership of Stewart, the available on the UW Extension YouTube ANR educators, and several graduate channel and can be viewed at https://bit.ly/ students in the Department of Animal Sciuwyo-stf-E1. ence in 2023 became known as the UW This summer, the UW Extension Sheep Extension Sheep Task Force. The purpose of Task Force is excited to support the Wyothis working group is to combine evidenceming Wool Growers Association at the based research with on-the-ground imple2025 Wyoming Sheep and Wool Festival, mentation dedicated to serving Wyoming’s which will be held in Buffalo July 11–12. sheep ranchers.

Don’t miss out on the educational speakers, Early projects sheep dog trials, lamb cooking demonstraThe first major effort of the UW Extentions, wool and sheep-related products, a sion Sheep Task Force was an in-person show of fine and fiber arts, free live music, gathering of extension educators and sheep and gathering with friends from across the producers in Laramie. Time was spent region. For more information, visit www. practicing evaluation of wool using sample wyomingsheepandwoolfestival.com. fleeces from the UW collection and discussGet in touch ing nutrition and parasite management. A The UW Extension Sheep Task Force is full day was dedicated to tours of the Cenalways seeking input from producers and tennial Livestock Auction in Fort Collins, anyone interested in supporting the lamb Colorado, Double J Lamb Feeders in Ault, and wool industries in Wyoming. Contact Colorado, and Colorado Lamb Processors in Micah Most at the Johnson County exBrush, Colorado. This initial effort helped tension office to discuss these programs all participants gain perspective on the supin further detail and to be added to the ply chain of Wyoming’s annual lamb crop. group’s email list. Resources and other A second early project was the reorganiprogram information are also distributed zation of the UW Sheep Extension Program on Facebook @uwsheep and on Instagram website to make educational resources more @wyowoolinitiative. readily accessible. This website, which can Thank you to all who have taken our be found at https://bit.ly/uwyo-sheep, now surveys, attended our programs, and conincludes a section of producer resources tributed so generously to the lamb-a-year broken out by topic. Under each subheading program that helps support the education can be found extension articles, infographof the next generation of Wyoming’s sheep ics, videos, formal peer-reviewed publicaproducers. tions, and other industry informational Micah Most is the agriculture and natural tools. resources educator with University of WyoOngoing efforts ming Extension serving Johnson County Stewart left on a sabbatical in New Zeaand north-central Wyoming. He serves on land in October 2024, and the Sheep Task the UW Extension Sheep Task Force and Force has carried on producing the monthly can be reached at mmost@uwyo.edu or “SheepSense” applied research briefs. Re(307) 684-7522. cent editions have focused on quarantine protocols for ranch biosecurity, testing feed ahead of lambing season, mitigating market ##### risk, and the characteristics and requireLord, thank you for reminding me that ments of colostrum for newborn lambs. laughter–not aspirin–is the best medicine.

These are all available for viewing on the I’m going to put the pill away and smile website given above; local UW Extension instead. offices can print and mail documents di##### rectly, upon request.

Lord, I’m not much for telling jokes, but The UW Extension Sheep Task Force I was really pathetic this morning when I conducted a survey of sheep producers started a joke but couldn’t finish because at the Wyoming Wool Growers AssociaI forgot the ending. Help me be silent untion’s State Ram Sale in September 2024 less I have something to say that is worth and the Association’s winter meeting in listening to.

December 2024. Local educators also ##### distributed surveys at conferences and Our roof has a leak, dear God, and I’m meetings around the state over the winter. suddenly aware after dialing the phone that Initial survey results indicated that predacalling an appliance repairman isn’t the tor management is an area of high priority right solution.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C25

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It will make you an excellent truck........................... $28,750

2022 CASE IH LB434XL 3X4 BALER Only 1128 Bales on this Like New Consignment Baler. Tandem Axle with Auto Steer, AFS Pro 700 Display, Bale Eject with Hydraulic Folding Bale Chute, Hydraulic Jack, Large Toolbox, Moisture Sensor, & Heavy Duty Pickup. New one retails for $243,461.

2019 CASE IH RB 565 ROUND BALER 5x6 twine/mesh baler with in-cab density control, engless belts, roller windguard, 1000 PTO, 21.5L16.1 tires. 10,129 bales on irrigated alfalfa................................................................$38,270

Owner says “Sell It Now” Priced Reduced to ....................................$139,359

Shaver HD10 3-point post driver. Never used by previous owner. $4250

2023 JOHN DEERE 560M 5X6 ROUND BALER Twine/mesh baler with bale push bar and 21.5x16 tires. ONLY 884 bales and price to sell.

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2024 CASE IH R1800 MOWER Heavy duty, 15-ft. 3 section rotary mower. Built to last. Demo model. MSRP $34,211.................................MVE Price $28,473

2014 CASE IH MAXXUM 125 L765 loader/grapple. Equipped with 125 hp, 16x16 P/S transmission, Class IV front axle, 3 mid-mount hydraulics, 3 remotes, 29.5 GPM hydraulic pump, 540/1000 PTO, deluxe air seat, 6 rear wheel weights and Rimguard. Loader is self-leveling with 95” bucket and grapple. Only 2512 hours. Fully serviced and ready to go.

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2023 CASE IH 145 TRACTOR with L105 Case IH loader/grapple. This like new unit with only 225 hours is loaded with great equipment including 145 hp, Class IVF/axle, 3 function mid-mount valve for loader, 29.6 GPM hydraulics, 3-point hitch, 3 remotes, 540/1000 PTO, rear wheel weights, RimGuard and suspended cab.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C26

Deadline for advertising in the June 2025 issue is WEDNESDAY, May 28th.

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1998 Deere 770CH..........................................Call For Price

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1997 Cat D5C....................................................Call for Price Deere 650G................................................................ $35,000 2011 Deere 650J 6k hours, cab with AC & heat, rear multi shank ripper, 6 way blade..................................... $65,000 1999 Deere 450G LGP 11K hours, full cab, 6 way blade........ .............................................................................. $35,000 Crawler Dozer 850K ripper, cab......................Call For Price

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2021 Cat 302.7 300 hours, thumb, coupler, blade..... $42,500 2021 Kubota U35-4 1400 hours, thumb, angle blade, cab, buckets and coupler............................................. $45,000 2017 Hitachi ZX225-6 2 buckets, coupler, thumb, 3300 hours................................................................... $139,000 2015 Deere 35G......................................................... $29,900 2015 Deere 50G......................................................... $42,500 Deere 75C.........................................................Call for Price 2014 Deere 85G 4000 hours, hydraulic thumb, front blade, pin grabber coupler, rubber street pads..................... $69,900 2014 Deere 135G.............................................Call For Price 2014 Komatsu PC55MR-3 3500 hours, open ROPS, hydraulic thumb.................................................................... $38,900 2011 Deere 135D 6700 hours, front blade, hydraulic thumb, wedge coupler, nice cab guard............................. $88,000 2007 Cat 321D hydraulic pin grabber coupler, long undercarriage........................................................................... $49k 2004 Deere 200 CLC 12k hours, pin grabber coupler, progressive link thumb............................................Call For Price 2002 Deere 270CLC........................................Call For Price 2000 Hitachi ZX200 7400 hours, progressive link hydraulic thumb, very well taken care of.............................. $69,900

Also, Kubota U35, Hitchi ZX200, Deere 85G, and Cat 321D

LOADERS

Cat 930 Wheel Loader.............................................. $19,000 2015 Deere 624K..............................................Call for Price

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Gradall 534B Telehandler................................Call For Price Genie GTH844 Low hours......................................... $49,900 1998 Kenworth W900B dump truck.......................... $39,000

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2018 Cat 246D........................................................... $29,900 2018 Cat 259D skidsteer 3500 hours, cab with AC & heat, vertical lift machine, rear camera, 2 speed, ride control, hydraulic quick coupler, counterweights on rear................ ....................................................................Call For Price 2006 Cat 246B........................................................... $27,900 Case 440CT cab, solid tires....................................... $26,000 2019 Cat 299D 3300 hours, cab................................ $69,000

Reddig Equipment is always looking for Trade-ins.

Managing burned pastures after a wildfire How to graze

By: Bethany Johnston, Nebraska Extension Educator, Jerry Volesky, Extension Range and Forage Specialist, Mitch Stephenson, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Range Management Specialist Wildfires can leave producers wondering how to manage burned pastures, but the good news is that perennial grasses are resilient and will recover.

How Wildfires Affect Grasslands Dormant Season Fires (Winter/Early Spring): If a wildfire occurs when grasses are dormant (like in late February), the grass buds that sprout in spring should be unharmed.

Growing Season Fires (May–August): If a wildfire burns during the growing season, grasses suffer more damage because they are actively growing.

Drought Conditions: If pastures experienced drought last year and dry conditions continue this spring and summer, recovery will be harder. May and June rainfall is critical for regrowth and should guide range management decisions.

More conservative measures may need to be taken if wildfire is coupled with drought.

Increase in Annual Weeds: Following a fire, an increase in annual weeds is common. This is normal and temporary.

Grazing Strategies After a Wildfire “Recommendations for grazing after a wildfire used to be a lot more conservative,” says Jerry Volesky, Nebraska Extension Range Specialist. Recent research suggests that grazing restrictions do not need to be as strict as previously thought. However, these key strategies should be followed: Protect the Soil Fire increases the risk of wind and water erosion.

Residual (standing dead plants) and litter (dead plants covering the soil surface) are removed in a fire, which increases the amount of bare ground following a wildfire or prescribed burn.

The goal is to build up biomass in the pasture to protect the soil from wind/water erosion.

Recent research in the eastern Nebraska Sandhills (Barta Brothers Ranch) evaluating dormant season prescribed fire (not the same as wildfire, but similar response) has not seen differences in grass growth in the summer following a fire. According to Mitchell Stephenson, Nebraska Extension Range Specialist, the big difference is the amount of carry over plant material (standing dead and litter) which increases the amount of bare ground following a wildfire or prescribed burn.

Delay Grazing & Reduce Stocking Rates Wait as long as possible before grazing to allow residual plant material to rebuild and protect the soil.

In a normal precipitation year, delay turnout by 1–2 months.

Reduce stocking rates by 20–40% in normal years and even more during drought conditions.

The longer you wait to graze, the less you need to reduce stocking rates. If you wait until September or later, you can graze at full stocking rates since plant residual/litter has been established to cover bare soil.

Monitor Rainfall in May & June Good early-season precipitation helps grasses recover quickly, often making burn areas hard to spot by midsummer.

Continued drought will reduce grass production, requiring more conservative grazing practices.

If your pasture is dominated by cool-season grasses (like smooth brome), a quick grazing in early spring, sometimes called a “flash grazing” can help knock down smooth brome and promote growth of warm-season grasses.

Next year in 2026, pastures should return to normal grazing rates, pending drought conditions.

Snow job

Since the mid-2000s, Ottawa resident Doug Rochow has done a good deed for his neighborhood, free of charge: Whenever it snows (which can be a lot in Ottawa), he shovels two paths through a city park near his home, providing a safe walking path for local residents. But in March 2013, city officials told Rochow to stop immediately. For while Rochow may have wanted to prevent people from getting injured, the city told him that if the paths were cleared, more people would use them, thus increasing the likelihood of injury and, they feared, lawsuits against the city.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C27

2020 AG TRK 430 3250 hours, 3430 hp Cummins, Allison 4000 RDS automatic, 4WD, 2400 gallon tank, 132-ft. Millennium boom, New Raven Viper 4 Plus controller, Raven XRT boon Height, Hawkeye, 710 tires. VERY NICE...........................$450,000

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1250 Tank, 90’ Boom, Trimble 750, Steer, Super-Single Tires.....$50,000

2014 HAGIE STS14: Low Hours at 800. 1400 Gallon SS Tank, 132’ Aluminum Legacy Boom, Raven Viper 4, Raven Boom Height, Deluxe Cab, 2 Sets tires (520’s and 380’s), Detailed and Fully Serviced.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C28

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

Sorghum silage: The rising star of dairy feed

Brent Bean, Sorghum Checkoff Director of Agronomy

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Driving through the heart of dairy country in the High Plains this past summer, One thing became clear—sorghum silage acres are up! With irrigation water from the Ogallala Aquifer dwindling, dairies and feedyards are searching for more drought-tolerant alternatives to corn. And sorghum is stepping up to the plate.

For years, sorghum silage was primarily used for heifers and dry cows, but now it’s making its way into rations for lactating cows. Dairies are exploring two innovative approaches—male sterile sorghum and advanced kernel processing—to improve feed efficiency. These breakthroughs could redefine how sorghum silage is utilized in modern dairy operations.

Male Sterile Sorghum: More Sugar, Less Starch One of the biggest shifts in silage production is the growing use of male sterile sorghum. Unlike traditional sorghum, male sterile varieties don’t produce pollen, meaning no grain is formed in the panicle. The result? Silage with less starch but significantly more water-soluble carbohydrates—essentially, a higher sugar content in the forage.

While research on optimal harvest timing is ongoing, current recommendations suggest waiting four to ten weeks after heading for direct cutting, or wilting, if needed, to achieve the right moisture levels for ensiling.

A recent dairy trial conducted by Texas A&M specialists Dr. Juan Piñeiro and Douglas Duhatschek examined the impact of replacing corn silage with BMR (brown midrib) male sterile forage sorghum. Their findings were impressive: when 25% of the corn silage in a ration was replaced with sorghum, and inclusion of other feed ingredients was adjusted, energy-corrected milk (ECM) yield increased by 10%. Even with a 50% replacement, ECM still rose by 8%.

These results suggest that male sterile sorghum could be a game-changer for dairy nutrition.

Breaking Barriers with Advanced Kernel Processing and Starch Availability One of the most exciting advancements in years in sorghum silage is the development of kernel processing technology specifically designed for sorghum. Traditional processing methods often left sorghum kernels intact, making starch utilization inefficient for livestock. But that’s changing, thanks to new sorghum kernel processing technology called DurraCut™ developed by Scherer Inc. This technology dramatically improves kernel cracking, boosting starch digestibility and maximizing the energy derived from sorghum silage. In another Texas A&M study, rumen in-situ starch digestibility after 7 days (isSD7) went from 25.8% to 65.9% starch following an ensiling period of 90 days (see table).

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Katie Raver of Rock River Laboratories, Inc. recently shared compelling data showcasing this breakthrough. In 2024, the lab tested 300 commercial sorghum silage samples for berry (kernel) processing (BPS) using a 2.36 mm screen.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C29

Sorghum silage: The rising star of dairy feed CONTINUED FROM PAGE C28

The results? An average BPS score of 43%—more than double the 20% average recorded in 2022. Additionally, the starch content of these samples averaged 25%, a significant improvement over previous years.

Looking Ahead: A New Era for Sorghum Silage While laboratory results are promising, the ultimate test will be in real-world milk production. With thousands of tons of sorghum silage harvested using this new processing technology in 2024, the industry eagerly awaits data on how it impacts dairy performance.

As we move into a future where water conservation and efficiency are more critical than ever, sorghum silage is proving to be more than just an alternative—it’s becoming a necessity. With male sterile varieties enhancing digestibility and advanced processing unlocking more energy from each kernel, sorghum’s time has truly come.

Webster’s dictionary The oldest and most trusted dictionary in the United States, created in 1828 by Noah Webster.

Actually, “the truth is”, says M. Hirsh Goldberg in The Book of Lies, “is that any dictionary maker can but Webster’s in the name, because book titles can’t be copyrighted.”

And a lot of shoddy publishers do just that. To know if your “Webster’s” is authentic, make sure it’s published by Merriam-Webster, Inc.

Cake Trivia 1700s – Cakes become part of birthday celebrations In Germany, the “Kinderfest” is the celebration of a child’s birthday. Though no gifts are given, there is a cake that is decorated with the number of candles corresponding to the child’s age. Later, the industrial revolution makes the tradition even more accessible and popular.

##### Lord, I called my brother by the wrong name this morning. Thank you for teaching him about forgiveness.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C29

Thomas Lally Horseshoeing Northeast MT - (406) 724-7761

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C30

POST POUNDER, ETC. FOR SALE

Wheatheart Heavy Hitter post pounder, excellent condition.......$15,000 Also have young peacock pairs, 10 Nuscovy ducks, 10 Chinese geese and Karakachan livestock puppies, 6 months old, 2 females and 4 neutered males, microchipped, current on vaccinations. Great with animals, children.

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Trailers. It’s What We Do.

TRAILER (406) 552-1515 XB SALES www.xbtrailer.com

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2025 Stealth aluminum cargo trailer, 8.5-ft. x 24-ft., curbside front side door, driverside Elite escape door, recessed LED “Puck” Light Package, Fold-Down Aluminum Step. Stock #51732..................................$20,950

2025 GR gooseneck stock trailer, 6-ft.8” x 20-ft. 14k gooseneck stock trailer with nose, metal roof, closed sides. Stock #05899..............$16,950

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2025 Southland Dump Trailer, 82” x 14-ft., 14K GVW, Electric Brakes, LED Lighting, 7K Jack, Ramps, Tarp, Barn Doors, 5” Scissors Hoist. Stock #14668.....................................$9250

2025 Southland Mini Dump Trailer, 5 x 10, 4.5K GVW, Single Axle, Spare Tire, LED Lighting. Stock #13196...... .................................................$5750

2025 Stealth XLT series 8.5-ft. x 24-ft. car hauler, curbside front 2-ft. back from the start of the box, upgrade to 3/8” water resistant walls from kickplate. Stock #49452.............$15,450

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2025 Lamar gooseneck flatbed trailer, 102” x 25-ft. FD - 20k deck-over, front tool box, 5-ft. dove, pair of Rhino ramps. Stock #39302............................$14,250

How volunteering can combat loneliness in Nebraska

By Jamie Bright, Rural Prosperity Nebraska Extension Educator A recent survey conducted by the University of Nebraska–Lincoln’s Bureau of Sociological Research highlights the prevalence of loneliness among Nebraskans, revealing that approximately one in six residents experience loneliness some or all of the time. The Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey, which gathered responses from 2,232 individuals in 2024, found that younger, unemployed, single, and lower-income residents are particularly susceptible to loneliness.

The survey results show that 40 percent of unemployed Nebraskans reported feeling lonely some or all of the time, compared to just 14 percent of those who are employed.

Marital status also plays a significant role—30 percent of unmarried individuals reported frequent loneliness, compared to only eight percent of married respondents. Income levels further influence these feelings, with over half (52 percent) of those earning less than $50,000 annually experiencing loneliness to some degree, while only 27 percent of those earning over $100,000 reported similar feelings. Younger adults are also more affected, with 21 percent of residents aged 19-44 feeling lonely some or all of the time, compared to 13 percent of those aged 65 and above.

Addressing loneliness is crucial for the well-being of our communities, and one of the most effective ways to foster connection is through volunteering. Giving time to a meaningful cause not only strengthens the community but also provides a sense of purpose and belonging for the volunteers themselves. Research from Penn State University suggests that engaging in activities requiring focus and effort can lead to a state of “flow,” reducing loneliness and increasing overall happiness. Volunteering also naturally increases social interactions, helping individuals build relationships while making a positive impact.

There are many community organizations across the state that need volunteer support. If you’re looking for ways to get involved, reaching out to your local Extension office can be a great first step in finding volunteer opportunities that match your interests.

If you’re already part of a volunteer group, consider inviting newcomers to join—sometimes, a simple personal invitation can make all the difference.

Taking just a few hours out of your week or month to volunteer or to encourage others to do the same can help create a more connected and supportive community. By working together, we can ensure that fewer Nebraskans experience the negative effects of loneliness while strengthening the bonds that make our communities thrive.

Spring grass seeding

TRACTOR FOR SALE

2003 Case/IH MX 210 3195 hours, 18 speed power shift with forward/reverse shuttle, three point hitch, 540/1000 small and large PTO, tires in good condition, has a G&B loader that has only been on tractor a few times. It’s just like new.

Asking $82,000

Retired from farming. Phone (406) 460-0040

By Jerry Volesky, UNL Spring is a time when we might be considering seeding some grass for pasture, hay or just to establish permanent plant cover for wildlife habitat. In some cases, this may involve attempting to improve or renovate an existing stand or establishing grass on former cropland or a disturbed site.

To be successful, there are several important decisions that need to be made and guidelines to be followed. The first of these is deciding the type and species of grass that would be best suited for the site and match the intended use. General categories of grass include cool- or warm-season and native or introduced species. For example, cool-season grasses like wheatgrasses, smooth bromegrass, and orchard grass are excellent choices for pasture and/or hay during spring and fall. For summer pasture or wildlife habitat, warm-season grasses such as switchgrass, Indiangrass, the bluestems and gramas can work well. Additionally, there may be choices of legumes or forbs that could be included with the grasses.

The soil type and average rainfall in your area would also affect the grass species you might select.

Important factors for successful grass establishment include proper seedbed preparation, method of seeding, weed control, and management of the newly emerged stand. In many cases, it is useful to get a soil test to determine any fertilization needs for the site. The ideal seeding rate and time of seeding will also vary depending on the grass species or mixture.

Make sure the details of your grass seeding plans are complete. For more information on this topic, search UNL Extension for ‘establishing dryland forage grasses.’

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C31

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C32

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Deciding to keep or cull cows

By Lisa Moser, K-State Research and Extension news service Managing a successful business often involves making a series of decisions with the end goal of providing a quality outcome at a profit.

In the beef cattle business, one of those decisions is what to do when a cow doesn’t rebreed and is considered open, said the experts at the Kansas State University Beef Cattle Institute.

“Every cow needs to have a calf every year or it is a loss to the operation, but even with those losses it is possible to recoup some value to the operation,” K-State veterinarian Brian Lubbers said.

Speaking on a recent Cattle Chat podcast, K-State veterinarian Bob Larson said cows that don’t rebreed or that calve late often are sold because they no longer fit into the management program of the operation.

Yet, while they may no longer fit into the management program for one producer, that doesn’t mean they won’t work for a different operation, Larson added.

“I’ve known more risk-tolerant producers who buy open or late-bred cattle and add value to them through the way they manage those cows,” Larson said.

If the cattle aren’t rebreeding because they are too thin, Larson said, improving the diet of the females adds weight economically, for example.

The key to the profitability of this management protocol is that they are buying cattle at a reduced cost, Larson said.

To know if the management strategy is financially feasible the experts agreed that is important to estimate the costs of maintaining an unbred cow until she is sold.

“You need to know what your feed costs will be because typically it costs $2/day in feed expense to support a cow on hay and supplement during the winter,” Larson said.

Along with estimating feed costs, K-State agricultural economist Dustin Pendell said the cattle market prices will fluctuate depending on how many cattle are entering the system at one time.

“When deciding on whether or not to sell, figure out how long you think you’ll want to keep her and what potential value she would bring you versus what it would be if you sold her today,” Pendell said. “Also, it is important for the buyer and seller to communicate about how the open cow was managed so that the purchaser is making an informed decision.”

Prepare seeds with seed tape

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K-State Research and Extension news service Seed tape is a method of preparing seeds for planting that reduces the amount of time spent bending over the ground. Kansas State University horticulture expert Cynthia Domenghini said seed tape makes it easier to handle small seeds and get proper spacing.

To make a seed tape, cut a paper towel into strips two inches wide by 12 inches long. Create a paste by mixing ½ cup flour with water. Use a ruler and pencil to mark dots on the paper towel at the proper spacing for the type of seed being planted. The seed packet should contain recommended plant spacing guidelines.

“Put one seed on each dot on the paper towel, then put a small drop of the flour paste on top of each seed,” Domenghini said. “Allow the paste to dry before moving the seed tape.”

At the appropriate time, each seed tape can be planted at the proper depth in the garden. Domenghini said the seeds will germinate through the paste.

“Over time, the paper towel will break down into the garden. Toilet tissue and tissue paper are other options for making seed tape,” Domenghini said.

This activity is perfect for getting children involved, she added.

Domenghini and her colleagues in K-State’s Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources produce a weekly Horticulture Newsletter with tips for maintaining home landscapes and gardens.

Interested persons can subscribe to the newsletter, as well as send their garden and yard-related questions to hortsupport@ksu.edu, or contact your local K-State Research and Extension office.

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C33

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C34

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Canola acres ease back from record levels

The USDA, in its March 31 Prospective Plantings Report, indicated North Dakota canola producers intend to plant 2.05 million acres of canola in 2025, a decrease of four percent from last year’s record acreage. This estimate is higher than estimates from many industry observers, with actual numbers likely to be 1.8 million acres or even a little lower. The next acreage report will be released June 30 when the USDA issues its June Acreage Report.

For the U.S., the USDA said producers intend to plant 2.56 million acres this year, down six percent from last year’s planted area. Compared with last year, planted area is expected to decline in five of the seven canola-producing states, with an increase in Kansas and Washington. While the biofuels industry growth was expected to increase canola acres in southern and southeastern states, so far this has not been the case as acres in Kansas and Oklahoma remain below 30,000 acres.

Canola crush in the U.S. is projected at 4.9 billion pounds, up six percent from the prior year. This will be the highest canola crush on record for the U.S. It also projects a seasonaverage price of $20 per hundredweight for canola, down from $24 last year.

Recent monthly statistics show a slowdown in canola crush in the U.S. as 170,856 metric tons (MT) of canola seed was crushed in February, down 17 percent from one year ago and also from January. Canola crude oil produced was 132 million pounds, down 18 percent from January and down 21 percent from one year ago. Soybean oil crush in the U.S. was also down in February, but not by as much.

Canola crush in Canada remains robust as the crop yearto-date total of 7.5 million metric tons exceeds last year by nearly nine percent.

The U.S. Energy Information Administration reported a significant slowdown in the use of canola oil and soybean oil feedstocks for biofuel use in January due to a lack of policy clarity on the 45Z regulations. Canola oil use was down 63 percent from December as just 49 million pounds were used in biodiesel and 144 million pounds were used in renewable diesel. This was the lowest monthly level since 2023.

The U.S. Canola Association submitted comments in response to the 45Z Guidance issued in January. Many improvements in the calculation of carbon intensity for canola were suggested as well as a request to remove Indirect Land Use provisions and provide a safe harbor level of support for canola.

Soybean oil use also dropped significantly as 654 million pounds were used for biofuels, down 40 percent from December. As a result of these disappointing numbers, a strong effort has been made to urge the EPA to revise its Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) volumes for 2026 and 2027 to much higher levels.

Biofuel interests and petroleum interests met with officials asking that the mandate be raised to 5.25 billion gallons, up from 3.35 billion gallons. This would be in line with industry production capacity and would help to stop the plant closures that have begun. News of an agreement between biofuel and petroleum interests provided some support to the vegetable oil market. Some senators in Congress have also led a call for higher RFS volumes to support clean energy and rural economies.

The oilseed industry is waiting for a formal proposal from the EPA, possibly within weeks, which will start the rulemaking process.

Markets have been whipsawed recently due to the news on tariffs, but the canola market overall has strengthened significantly from its March lows, yet it has not recovered all of its losses. Analysts point to the tightening canola stock situation as one factor, along with the potential increased demand for canola oil in the U.S. as used cooking oil imports from China will be shut out of the market for use in biofuels.

The May ICE canola futures finished on April 9 at CAD $651 per MT, up $5.20 on the day and up $63 in the last two weeks. The July ICE canola futures contract closed at $658 per MT, up $6.10 on the day and up $64 in the last two weeks.

Local cash prices on April 9 at nearby crush plants ranged from $19.86 to $21.25 for April and May deliveries, up $1.90 to $2.70 per hundredweight in the last two weeks. June and July canola prices ranged from $19.51 to $21.35, up $2.20 to $2.30 per hundredweight in the last two weeks.

The Northern Canola Growers Association recently approved over $500,000 in canola research funding for 2025 that address many production issues for growers. Nearly $900,000 in requests were submitted. Research will be conducted by North Dakota State University, South Dakota State University and the USDA Agricultural Research Service.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C35

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C36

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On the lookout for alfalfa weevil emergence and scouting

By Pin-Chu Lai - Extension Entomologist, Samantha Daniel - Extension Educator, Matheus Ribeiro - Assistant Extension Educator Nebraska producers are encouraged to begin scouting for alfalfa weevil, as weevil activity can vary by region and weather conditions. This article highlights extension recommendations for scouting, determining economic thresholds and current treatment options.

Because insect development is largely controlled and affected by temperature, degree day (thermal unit) accumulations can be used to predict insect development and to inform when to initiate scouting. A general alfalfa weevil growing degree days model has been recommended by Kansas State University Extension (Table 1) with 48°F as the base developmental temperature starting on Jan. 1. Eggs are predicted to begin hatching after 300 growing degree

days. However, it is possible that some eggs were laid from last fall or winter and had a head start for development. Therefore, alfalfa weevil scouting is recommended to start after 200 growing degree days have accumulated in Nebraska.

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Figure 1. Alfalfa weevil growing degree days as of March 31. (min/max: 48/90°F; Iowa Environmental Mesonet)

Degree days rapidly accumulated from several warm spells over the past weeks, and alfalfa weevil growing degree days have surpassed 200 across Nebraska. It is time to scout alfalfa fields for alfalfa weevil activities, especially counties in the southwestern part of the state where growing degree days have reached 300 (Figure 1).

Scouting Alfalfa weevil damage consists of small holes and interveinal feeding on the newest leaflets near the stem tips. The larvae are small (1/16- to 3/8-inch long) and pale yellowish-green, becoming a darker green when larger. These legless worms have black heads and a white stripe the length of the back (Figure 2). The alfalfa weevil larvae spend nearly all their time on the plant.

They curl into a C-shape when disturbed.

Use a sweep net to detect the presence of weevils (Figure 2). If alfalfa weevil larvae are present, randomly select at least five sampling sites from across the entire field (walk the field in an “M” or “Z” pattern). At

Figure 2. Adult and small- to medium-sized larvae of the alfalfa weevil (Photo by Julie Peterson | Nebraska Extension)

each site, gently pick or cut six alfalfa stems at ground level. Shake the larvae off the stems by beating the stems into a deep-sided bucket. Count the larvae and determine the average number of larvae per stem. Make sure to check for small larvae that may be enclosed in new, folded leaflets at the tips of the stems. Measure stem lengths and determine the average stem height.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C38

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C37

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On the lookout for alfalfa weevil emergence and scouting CONTINUED FROM PAGE C36

Treatment Economic thresholds can be used to make treatment decisions, which depend on plant growth stage, treatment cost and current hay value. If average larvae number per stem exceeds economic thresholds, management actions are recommended and will be profitable.

For plant height less than 10 inches tall, refer to Table 2 for economic thresholds and use a long-residual product.

For plant height taller than 10 inches, refer to Table 3 for economic thresholds and management recommendations.

If thresholds are reached within two weeks before cutting, early cutting may be more profitable than insecticide treatments.

Many insecticides are registered to control alfalfa weevil larvae. See the most recent edition of the Guide for Weed, Disease and Insect Management in Nebraska

(EC130) for rates and restrictions of commonly used insecticides for alfalfa weevil larval control. They differ in their modes of action and pre-harvest intervals.

Previously, pyrethroids (active ingredient ends in “thrin”) have been highly effective CONTINUED ON PAGE C40

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Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C39

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On the outlook for alfalfa weevil CONTINUED FROM PAGE C38

for alfalfa weevil control. However, alfalfa weevils have developed resistance to multiple pyrethroid insecticides across the western United States (including Arizona, California, Montana, Oregon, Washington and Wyoming). Resistance has not been confirmed in Nebraska, but some producers have reported poor control with pyrethroid products, including lambda-cyhalothrin (Paradigm, Silencer, Warrior II) and beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid XL), in recent year.

The Crops IPM Entomology Lab at the Panhandle Research, Extension and Education Center will initiate a screening program for pyrethroid resistance in alfalfa weevil this spring. If you experienced severe alfalfa weevil outbreaks and pyrethroid control failure in the past three years, please contact Dr. Pin-Chu Lai (308-632-1369) or co-authors for more information on how to enter for alfalfa weevil resistance testing.

Alternatively, indoxacarb (Steward) and chlorpyrifos are effective insecticides against alfalfa weevil. Note that existing stocks of products containing chlorpyrifos that are currently labeled for alfalfa in Nebraska can only be used until June 30, 2025.

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Audra Brown, 4-H Extension Assistant, rigt, holds an egg for Vivian Stands to see if it has a chicken embryo growing.

4-H program brings embryology to elementary students

By Chabella Guzman, PREEC Communications Chicks will be hatching the week of April 21 from eggs at many area elementary schools where 4-H educators placed embryology projects. Roosevelt Elementary welcomed Audra Brown, 4-H Extension Assistant, on April 15, for an update on the growing embryos in each classroom’s incubators.

Brown’s visit was the candling part of the project, though she used a flashlight instead of a candle. Holding the flashlight under the egg in the darkened classroom, the children could witness what a fertilized egg with a chick growing inside looked like, as well as non-fertilized eggs.

“Once they know what they are looking for, the kids really enjoy the candling process. They get excited when we are guessing as a class if there is a chick in there or not. And of course, getting to see the chick in the egg as a little black dot also brings excitement,” Brown said.

Roosevelt Elementary has had the entomology project for seven years. It’s a big activity for the third-grade classes, and they pair it with their science learning.

“They love the science, we have lessons, following what the chicks look like in the eggs at each stage,” said Alexia Lanka, Third Grade Teacher at Roosevelt Elementary. The project teaches the students not only where chickens come from and how they grow, but it also gives them the opportunity to learn something new. ##### Hanging up with my 90-year-old mother, I sighed, then said to my 96-year-old uncle, “She’s so stubborn.” He shook his head sympathetically and warned, “You’re going to have trouble with her when she gets old.”

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C41

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Honey bee colony declines grow as WSU researchers work to fight losses

By Scott Weybright, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences Commercial honey bee colony losses in the U.S. could reach 60 to 70% in 2025, according to entomologists at Washington State University. Over the past decade, annual losses have typically ranged between 40 and 50%.

While it’s too early in the season to know exactly why colony losses are higher this year, Priya Chakrabarti Basu, an assistant professor of pollinator health and apiculture at A honey bee perches on a flower WSU, suspects a combination (photo by CAHNRs). of stressors including nutrition deficiencies, mite infestations, viral diseases, and possible pesticide exposure during the previous pollinating season.

“Losses have been increasing steadily,” she said. “Pollination demands haven’t gone down, so beekeepers face tremendous pressure to keep the same number of colonies to meet those needs.”

Basu joined WSU this winter after working at other institutions around the country. She hopes to partner with beekeepers on developing more sustainable practices to help reduce losses and create databases to better understand how bee nutrition works.

She is one of several WSU scientists who are leading or collaborating in programs that help improve the standing of honey bees across the country, both through applied science and new research that may help beekeepers.

For example, Brandon Hopkins, WSU’s P.F. Thurber Endowed Distinguished Professor of Pollinator Ecology, is involved with varroa mite control, commercial management practices, and new research on bee nutrition that he hopes will help beekeepers have better access to healthy food for their colonies.

He explains that varroa destructor mites feed on pupae in the hive, often killing them and reducing the numbers of future generations. The mites also transmit viral diseases and feed on adult honey bees, weakening them and increasing their susceptibility to diseases.

One upside is that beekeepers likely aren’t surprised by the losses.

“I’ve heard since last August that this was going to be a terrible year,” Hopkins said. “That seems to have come true.”

Fruit growers may be directly impacted, he said. California almonds are the biggest crop for honey bee pollination, which happens in February and March. Almonds are the seeds of almond trees and not nuts.

“The almond industry frequently asks for strong colonies,” Hopkins said. “But this year, growers are desperate. Anything with live bees in a box is in demand because the industry is short on supply. I haven’t heard of that since the early days of colony collapse around 2008.”

Finding methods to sustainably keep bees alive will be key, Basu said. About 35% of the world’s food depends on pollinators, according to the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.

“If we see increasing colony losses, we could see a drop-off in honey production and an increase in the rent growers pay beekeepers to bring pollinators in,” Basu said. “We may just see some beekeepers cease operations completely because it’s too expensive to continue as a business.”

Honey bees had a production value of nearly $350 million in 2023, according to the USDA. Fewer bees mean higher costs for farmers who depend on them and increased hassle in making sure growers have bees when they’re needed.

“I don’t want to be a fearmonger, but this level of national loss could mean increased bankruptcies amongst beekeepers,” Hopkins said. “Growers of crops downstream from almonds may need to scramble if the beekeeper they’ve relied on to pollinate their apple trees, for example, isn’t in business anymore.”

The WSU Bee Program works with beekeepers, stakeholders, industry partners, and collaborating researchers to better understand the impact of stressors on bees and help mitigate them. The bee team invites beekeepers and anyone concerned with pollinator health to learn more, participate in citizen science research, and help support the program.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C43

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Feline therapy: Study suggests cats could fill an assistive niche

By Will Ferguson, WSU News & Media Relations For years, therapy dogs have ruled the world of animal-assisted services (AAS), offering stress relief to college students, hospital patients and those in need of emotional support. But new research suggests that some cats might also have what it takes to join the ranks of therapy animals — bringing their purrs, gentle head-butts and calm demeanor to the While animal-assisted services have field. been dominated by dogs, the study A study in the journal long suggests that expanding these programs Animals, co-authored by to include felines could make therapy Washington State Uni- more accessible to a wider range of versity professor Patricia people.

Pendry in collaboration with researchers in Belgium, found that therapy cats share specific behavioral traits that may make them well-suited for AAS programs. The research team surveyed hundreds of cat owners across Belgium using a standardized behavioral assessment. They identified key differences between cats participating in AAS and other cats in terms of feline behavior.

“There’s this perception that cats just aren’t suitable for this kind of work, but our study shows that some cats may thrive in these settings,” Pendry said. “It turns out that cats chosen to engage in AAS seem to exhibit the same behavioral traits as therapy dogs — like high sociability and a willingness to engage with people.”

The study found that AAS cats tend to be more social with both humans and other cats, more attention-seeking and more tolerant of being handled — particularly when it comes to being picked up, a behavior many pet owners would describe as rare in the feline world.

While animal-assisted services have long been dominated by dogs, the study suggests that expanding these programs to include felines could make therapy more accessible to a wider range of people. Some individuals may find comfort in a cat’s quiet presence rather than the enthusiastic energy of a dog. However, Pendry cautioned that not all cats are suited for the role, and unlike dogs, therapy cats are not typically trained for the job. Instead, certain cats appear to naturally possess the necessary personality traits. Pendry noted while some cat breeds, such as Ragdolls or Maine Coons, may be considered more sociable, the study did not examine differences in behavior based on breed. In fact, the research only examined individual differences in behavioral traits within groups of cats rather than between species or breed.

Currently, therapy cats appear to be more common in Europe than in the U.S., where the idea has been slower to catch on. In Belgium, where the study was conducted, cats are becoming a more common presence in AAS programs, demonstrating their potential in stress-relief settings. In contrast, American campuses and hospitals remain largely focused on therapy dogs.

Despite the study’s findings, researchers stress that more work is needed before therapy cats become a mainstream option. Questions remain about whether these traits are innate or developed through experience, as well as how to ensure that therapy work does not negatively impact feline welfare.

For now, therapy cats remain an underutilized resource in the U.S., but with growing research and awareness, they may soon find themselves sitting side-by-side with their canine counterparts — soaking up attention and offering comfort in their own uniquely feline way.

“The goal of the study isn’t to suddenly promote cats into therapy work,” Pendry said. “It’s about recognizing that some cats may genuinely enjoy this kind of interaction and, in the right setting, can provide meaningful support to people who need it.”

After all, she added, if any animal could turn lounging around and receiving affection into a legitimate career, it would be a cat.

Don’t drink the Koolaid

On November 19, 1978, the largest group suicide in history took place in Jonestown, Guyana. The group who took their lives were instructed so by Reverend Jim Jones, who led the suicide cult call the “People’s Temple.” Over 900 of the cult members drank a cyanide-laced drunk, with those who refused being forced to consume it.

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C45

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was: $34,995

2022 DODGE blowout RAM 1500 price Crew, Laramie, $45,995 4x4, 30K Miles was: $46,995

was: $31,995

2022 FORD blowout F150 XLT XTR price Crew Cab, $44,995 Long Box, ONLY 20K Miles was: $45,995

was: $33,995

blowout price

$38,995

was: $40,995

was: $32,995

2017 FORD F150 blowout price SuperCrew, 4x4, Only 70K Actual $24,995 Miles, Look! was: $25,995

2020 JEEP GLADIATOR 4x4, Nicely Equipped, 53K Miles

blowout price

$32,995 was: $33,995

2013 RAM 1500 Crew Cab, 5.7L Hemi, Only 88K Miles!

SALE was: $20,995 $19,995

2021 DODGE DURANGO R/T LOADED, Heated Seats, Leather, Remote Start SALE was: $34,995 $33,995

2017 FORD EXPLORER XLT 4x4, 75K Miles, Spotless SALE was: $19,995 $18,995

2011 CHEVROLET SUBURBAN, LT Heated Leather Seats, Sunroof, 4x4 SALE was: $18,995 $17,995

2015 FORD TRANSIT 1500 9 Pass.

Van, Only 15K Actual Miles, Rare Find SALE was: $33,995 $35,995

2020 CHEVROLET EQUINOX LT Remote Start, Heated Seats, AWD SALE was: $22,995 $21,995

2023 SUBARU OUTBACK AWD Premier, Very Nice SALE was: $23,995 $22,995

2018 GMC YUKON SLT 4x4, Loaded SALE was: $30,995 $29,995

2021 CHRYSLER VOYAGER LXI Leather Seats, Captain Chairs, 76K Miles SALE was: $20,995 $19,995

2020 CHEVROLET SONIC 38K Miles, Great Economy SALE was: $14,995 $15,995

2017 RAM 2500 POWER WAGON Locking Diff/Bilstein Shocks, Sway Bar Disconnect, Only 70K Miles SALE was: $34,995 $33,995

2000 CHEVROLET TAHOE LS 4x4, 54K Actual Miles, None Nicer! was: SALE $22,995 $21,995

2013 FORD F250 REG. CAB Utility Box, 2WD, 26K Actual Miles SALE was: $26,995 $27,995

2020 CHEVROLET TRAVERSE AWD, Must See! SALE was: $29,995 $32,995

2023 JEEP RENEGADE LATITUDE 22k Miles, Why Buy New? SALE was: $23,995 $24,995

2011 JEEP GRAND CHEROKEE 76K Miles, 4x4

2023 JEEP COMPASS TRAILHAWK 4x4, 28K Miles SALE was: $32,995 $31,995

2021 HYUNDAI ACCENT SE Great Condition, Low Miles - 32K SALE was: $20,995 $19,995

2021 DODGE CHARGER SXT 57K Miles SALE was: $28,995 $29,995

2007 FORD E150 Handicap Van, Only 39K Miles, Steal SALE was: $14,995 $17,995

2020 MITSUBISHI OUTLANDER AWD, 40K Actual Miles SALE was: $25,995 $22,995

2022 JEEP WRANGLER SPORT Only 6200 Actual Miles, Like Brand New! SALE was: $38,995 $36,995 WAS

was: $17,995

SALE $16,995

2021 FORD EXPEDITION EL 4x4, Only 23K Actual Miles SALE was: $43,995 $41,995

2024 GMC Terrain 16k Miles, Heated Seats, Great Looking Ride!

SALE was: $31,995 $32,995

2014 FORD EXPEDITION Low Miles, 78K Miles, 4WD SALE was: $22,995 $19,900

2014 FORD ESCAPE TITANIUM 4x4 SALE was: $12,995 $11,995

2019 DODGE GRAND CARAVAN SE Captain Chairs, Stow and Go Seating SALE was: $17,995 $16,995

2021 FORD ESCAPE TITANIUM AWD, Only 39K Miles, LOADED SALE was: $30,995 $29,995

BARGAIN PRICED 2019 DODGE GRAND CARAVAN $14,995... $11,900 2003 CHEVROLET S10 $7995......... $6900 2017 RAM 2500 CREW, 4X4, STEAL IT! $20,995... $18,900 2011 FORD F250 EXT. CAB, LB, 4X4, LIFT $12,995... $10,000 2018 FORD ESCAPE $19,995...... $17,900 2020 KIA OPTIMA LX, 58K MILES $20,995...... $18,900

WAS

BARGAIN PRICED 2013 FORD F150 EC 4X4 $18,995....... $16,500 2014 FORD F150 EC 4X4 $19,995....... $17,500 2014 CHEVROLET 1500 EC 4X4 $12,995............$9900 2014 CHRYSLER TOWN & COUNTRY VAN $7995...............$5900 2015 JEEP GR. CHEROKEE 4X4 $16,995........$14,500 2018 FORD FOCUS SE, 27K $17,995....... $15,500

2021 HYUNDAI TUCSON SEL AWD, 39K Miles SALE was: $27,995 $26,995

2014 HONDA CRV EX-L Heated Leather Ssats, 131K Miles SALE was: $14,995 $15,995 WAS

BARGAIN PRICED 2019 NISSAN VERSA SE, 60K $16,995...... $15,900 2020 CHEVROLET SONIC, 38K $15,995...... $14,800 2011 CHEVROLET COLORADO 4X4 $12,995.........$10,800 2016 CHRYSLER 200, 37K $20,995........$18,900 2010 CHEVROLET HHR SPORT, 34K $13,995........$12,500 1990 BUICK RIVIERA CLASSIC $5995..............$4900

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C46

Gardening for butterflies

CLEANED LAVINA HAY BARLEY SEED

K-State Research and Extension news service

State Lab tested 98% germ, 99.91% pure seed, 0.09% inert matter, 0.00% weed seed.

13,310 seeds per pound. $7.50 per bushel, or $7.00 per bushel for semi loads. We have a grain cart with a scale to load you. We could help line up delivery of semi loads. Located at Almont, North Dakota.

Call: Kevin (701) 391-1631 or (701) 843-8454

COME SEE US FOR YOUR NEW GARAGE!

Includes: • 2 roll-up doors • 2 windows • 1 house-style entry door Built By:

View more sizes and styles at:

www.qualitycustomsheds.com

(406) 374-2778

2380 SERIGHT ROAD MOORE, MT 59464

Attracting butterflies to the garden through plant selection has grown in popularity, said Kansas State University horticulture expert Cynthia Domenghini. Knowing what species of plants butterflies prefer can help gardeners with their selections, she said.

“Butterflies are crucial for pollination and are a delight to host in the garden,” Domenghini said, noting that the North American Butterfly Association has resources for gardeners wanting to certify their landscape as a butterfly habitat.

Certification includes planting at least three different caterpillar food plants; at least three different native butterfly nectar sources; and not using insecticides or pesticides.

The Monarch Watch organization also has a process to register a garden as a Monarch Waystation. Domenghini said there are more than 46,000 Monarch Waystations in the world, which meet the following features: • Receives at least six hours of sunlight each day.

• Contains at least 10 milkweed plants, preferably with two more species.

• Contains nectar plants, including annuals, biennials and perennials.

Domenghini listed annual plants that attract butterflies: • Ageratum.

• Cosmos.

• French marigold.

• Petunia.

• Verbena.

• Zinnia.

“Group similar species of annuals together to create a planting more likely to attract butterflies,” Domenghini said.

“Including a mix of annuals with varying bloom times can lengthen the butterfly season.”

Early blooming perennials that attract butterflies include: • Allium.

• Chives.

• Forget-me-not.

• Lilac.

Mid-Season blooming perennials include: • Bee balm.

• Butterfly bush.

• Black-eyed Susan.

• Buttonbush.

• Butterfly weed.

• Daisy.

• Daylily.

• Gaillardia.

• Lavender.

• Lily.

• Mint.

• Phlox.

• Privet.

• Sunflower.

• Veronica.

Late-Season blooming perennials include: • Aster.

• Glossy.

• Abelia.

• Sedum.

“Other features you can incorporate in the garden to appeal to butterflies include areas of full sun. Butterflies are cold-blooded so they seek sunshine for warmth,” Domenghini said. “Shade is also necessary so they can escape from intense sun.”

Water is also important for butterflies and can be provided with a birdbath or water-filled saucer on the ground, Domenghini said. ##### Moses and Jesus are playing a round in heaven. On the 18th, Jesus has a particularly difficult shot. He lines it up, takes a mighty swing, and the ball explodes from his club.

Moses and Jesus watch as the ball bounces off three different trees, then hits a rock, lands softly on the green, and trickles into the hole. Moses looks at Jesus and says, “Nice shot. But are we going to play golf or goof around?”

Washington crossing the Delaware

One of the most famous paintings of American history depicts General George Washington – in a fierce battle against the redcoats – leading his men across the Delaware River on Christmas Eve in 1776.

Actually, it was painted 75 years after the battle by a German artist names Leutze.

He used American tourists as models and substituted the Rhine River for the Delaware. He got the style of boat wrong; the clothing wrong; even the American flag was wrong. Yet the drama of the daring offensive was vividly captured, making it one of the most recognized paintings. ##### If Antarctica’s ice sheets melted, the world’s ocean would rise above 200 feet.

##### To be called a “heavy rainfall,” it must be raining at least 1/6 of an inch per hour. ##### No permit required: Beavers in Connecticut have the legal right to build dams

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C47

COMBINES & PLATFORM FOR SALE

John Deere 8820 Titan II combine with 3377 hours...................................................... $7500 John Deere 8820 Turbo combine with 4835 hours........................................................ $7000 Both combines have 230 platforms, a lot of recent work done. Very good rubber.

Shedded up to last winter John Deere 212 pickup platform...................................................................................... $500 Phone (406) 750-9210 or 739-4405, Fort Benton, Montana

Experienced Agronomists We are here to serve you.

We appreciate the opportunity to earn your business.

Services Provided: Soil Testing Fertilizer Custom Fertilizer Application Precision Ag Crop Consulting Field Scouting Authorized NuSeed Canola Dealer and local Coors Barley Seed Supplier

Now serving you in 2 locations Sunburst - 406-937-3388 or Ledger 406-278-3388 or 406-278-0151

2429 W HOLLY STREET 2429W WHOLLY HOLLYSTREET STREET 2429 SIDNEY, MT 59270 SIDNEY, MT 59270 SIDNEY, MT 59270 TRI-CNTY.COM TRI-CNTY.COM TRI-CNTY.COM New Tractors New Haying Equipment New Tractors NewHaying HayingEquipment Equipment New Tractors New New Tractors New Harvest Case IHIHPuma 240 Case IH RB 565 Premium Case Puma 240 Case IH RB 565 Premium Case CaseCase IH RB CaseIHIH IHPuma Puma240 185 IH 565 8250Premium AFS New Coming Soon Case Puma 185 Case IH Puma 185 NewComing ComingSoon Soon Case Puma 185 New Case IH Maxxum 150 MacDon FD2-40 Case IH Maxxum 150 Farmall 75L, 40C &&25C Farmall 75L, 40C 25C Case IH Maxxum 150 Case IH Maxxum 150 Farmall 75L, 40C & 25C New Tillage New Coming Soon Case IH WD 1505 Windrowers New Tillage Case IH WD 1505 Windrowers New Tillage New Tillage Case IH WD 1505 Windrowers Case IH 475 Speed Tiller, 27-ft.

Farmall 40C & 25C Case IH 475 Speed Tiller, 27ft Used Harvest Case IH 475 Speed Tiller, 27ft Used Harvest Used Harvest Case IH 475 Speed Tiller, 27ft Case IH 475 Speed Tiller, 21-ft.

Case IH WD 1505 Windrowers Case IH 475 Speed Tiller, 21ft 2014 Case IH 9230 1750 sep hrs, 2014Case CaseIHIH9230 92301750 1750sep sephrs, hrs, Case IH 475 Speed Tiller, 21ft Case IHUsed 475 Speed Tiller, 21ft 2014 Tractors $125,000 New Haying Equipment$125,000 Used Tractors Used Tractors $125,000145, case 2020 2012 CVT Case IHwith RB 565 Premium 2012Case CaseIHIHPuma Puma185 185 CVT with 2020MacDon MacDonFD FD 145, case 2012loader, Case IH Puma 185 CVT with 2020 MacDon FD 145, case 3072 hrs, $138,000 adapter $95,000 loader, 3072 hrs, $138,000 adapter $95,000 adapter $95,000 loader, 3072 hrs, $138,000 Freeform 2020 Case Used 2020 CaseIHTractors IHPuma Puma165 165with with FreeformPlastics PlasticsCanola Canola 2020 Case IH Puma 165 with Freeform Plastics Canola Used Harvest 2012 Case 1075 IH1075 Puma 185 CVT with Roller, loader, hrs, $165,000 loader, hrs, $165,000 Roller,MAcDon MAcDonM150 M150$2,500 $2,500 Roller, MAcDon M150 $2,500 loader, 1075 hrs, $165,000 2020 MacDon FD 145, loader, 3072 hrs. $138,000 2019 John Deere 1023E, 117 2015 FD75-45, $75,000 2019 John Deere 1023E, 117hrs, hrs, 2015 FD75-45, $75,000 Case adaptor. $95,000 2015 FD75-45, $75,000 2019loader, John DeereBlade, 1023E,$15,500 117 hrs, (2) (2)2023 2023FD245, FD245,$135,000 $135,000 loader,Back Back Blade, $15,500 Used Ag loader, New Back Blade, $15,500 (2) 2023Used FD245, $135,000 Ag Harvest New Harvest Used Ag 2010 Haybuster 2650 AFS Processor.

(2)Used 20232650 FD245.

New Harvest Ag Processor, Case IH 8250 2010 Case IH 8250 AFS 2010Haybuster Haybuster 2650 Processor, $15,000 Case IH 8250 AFS 2010 Haybuster 2650 Processor, MacDon FD2-40 $15,000 $15,000 MacDon FD2-40 $15,000 MacDon FD2-40

AG New NewMisc MiscAG AG New Miscellaneous Consigned AG Consigned AG 30-ft.

Mulcher Twin G3-7 Rake3-pt New Misc AG Consigned AG •• •Parma Parma 30ft Mulcher •••2011 Case IH Parma 30ft Mulcher 2011Star Case IH1210 1210 3-pt123R22, 123R22, Unverferth 1020 Seed Tender • Morris Hayhiker 1400 + 900 $35,000 $35,000 • ••Parma 30ft Mulcher • 2011 Case IH 1210 3-pt 123R22, •Unverferth Unverferth1020 1020Seed SeedTender Tender • Grasshopper Mowers Great Plains 1006 NT $15,000 Drill •••$35,000 H&S Wheel Rake, H&S14 14 Wheel Rake, $15,000 • •Unverferth 1020Mowers Seed Tender •Grasshopper Grasshopper Mowers ••• H&S 14 Wheel Rake, $15,000 2007 Case IHSRX SRX100, 100, 90ft 2007 Case IH 90ft AG • •Grasshopper Mowers •Twin TwinStar StarG3-7 G3-7 Rake Consigned Rake Booms, $15,000 Booms, $15,000 • Auger Case IH 8825 16-ft.

Swather. $15,000 • 2007 Case IH SRX 100, 90ft • •Twin Star G3-7 8-36 Auger •Westfield Westfield 8-36Rake $15,000 2012 Case IH •Booms, 2012$15,000 Case IHRB RB564, 564,20,000 20,000 • H&S 14 wheel•Rake.

• •Westfield 8-36 Auger •Morris MorrisHayhiker Hayhiker 1400 1400 Bales, $12,000 Bales, $12,000 • 2012 Case IH RB 564,• 20,000 bales.IH$12,000 2012 Case RB 564, 20,000 • •Morris Hayhiker 1400 •Great Great Plains1006 1006 NTDrill Drill Plains NT • Case IH 1200 Planter 12R30, $12,000 • Bales, Case1300 IH 1200 Planter 12R30, • 2004 John Deere 9660STS Combine, separator hours with • Great Plains 1006 NTMac/Don Drill $50,000 $50,000 973,•35-ft. $89,000 Case IH 1200 Planter 12R30, 200742-ft., Drago 1230 Cornhead • 2003 John Deere 1890 Air Drill, 10” spacing ••$50,000 2007 Drago 1230 Cornhead Case Adapter Case Adapter with 787 cart. $25,000 • 2007 Drago 1230 Cornhead

Case Adapter

2429 2429 W HOLLY STREET 2429W WHOLLY HOLLYSTREET STREET SIDNEY, MT 59270 SIDNEY, MT 59270 SIDNEY, MT 59270 TRI-CNTY.COM TRI-CNTY.COM TRI-CNTY.COM New Loaders New Track Track Loaders New Track Loaders New Track Loaders Wacker Neuson ST45 Wacker Neuson ST45 Wacker Neuson ST45 Wacker Neuson ST45 Wacker Neuson SM120 Wacker Neuson SM120 Wacker Neuson SM120 Wacker Neuson SM120 New New Wheel Wheel Loader Loader New Wheel Loader Wacker Neuson WL38 New Wheel Loader Wacker Neuson WL38 Wacker Neuson WL38

Wacker Neuson WL38

New Compaction New NewCompaction Compaction New Compaction Wacker Neuson RTLX-SC3 Wacker Neuson RTLX-SC3 Wacker Neuson RTLX-SC3 Wacker Neuson BS62 Rammer Trench Roller Trench Roller Wacker Neuson WP1550, Trench Roller Wacker Neuson BS62 Rammer Wacker BS62 Plate Compactor WackerNeuson Neuson BS62Rammer Rammer WAcker Neuson WP1550 Plate WAcker Neuson WP1550 WAcker Neuson WP1550Plate Plate Compactor Compactor Compactor New Excavator

Wacker Neuson ET42 New Excavator

New Excavator New Excavator Wacker ET42 Wacker Neuson WackerNeuson NeusonET42 ET42 New Telehandler New Track Dumper Wacker Neuson TH627 New Track Dumper New Track Dumper Wacker Neuson Wacker Neuson DT12 DT12 Wacker Neuson DT12 New Light Towers New New Telehandler Telehandler Wacker Neuson LTT6 New Telehandler Wacker Wacker Neuson Neuson TH627 TH627 Wacker Neuson TH627

New Miscellaneous Construction New New Misc Misc Construction Construction

• Danuser Pallet Forks (48-ft., 4000 lb.), Hydraulic Post Hole Digger & New Misc Construction Post Hole Digger & ••Danuser DanuserPallet Pallet Forks Forks (48ft, (48ft, 4000lb), 4000lb), Hydraulic Hydraulic Post Augers, Hammer Post Pounder, T3, T7 & T8 Hornet Post Pounder, T8 Hornet Hornet Augers, Post Pounder, T3, Post Digger Pounder, Augers,Hammer Hammer Post(48ft, Pounder, T3, T7, T7, & & T8 • Danuser Pallet Forks 4000lb), Hydraulic Post Hole & Intimidator Tree &Mega Post Mixer Puller Mega Mixer.

Intimidator Tree & Post Puller, Intimidator Tree & Post Puller, Mega Mixer Augers, Hammer Post Pounder, T3, T7, & T8 Hornet Post Pounder, • Jenkins Hydraulic (4-ft., 5-ft.Mixer & 6-ft. Lengths & Widths) Intimidator Tree & Forks PostForks Puller, Mega Jenkins Hydraulic (4ft, 5ft & 6ft Length & Widths) Widths) ••Jenkins Hydraulic Forks (4ft, 5ft & 6ft Length & • 3-pt. Skidsteer Trailers Spotters • Grabtech Skidsteer Grapples • Jenkins Hydraulic Forks (4ft, 5ft & 6ft Length & Widths) • Garfield EDS10-T Bok Blade • Case IH Snow Pushers and Buckets ••3-pt 3-ptSkidsteer Skidsteer Trailer Trailer Spotters Spotters Danuser, Virnig, Legend, Haugen & Jenkins ••Grabtech 3-pt Skidsteer Trailer Spotters Grabtech Skidsteer Grapples • Skidsteer Grapples Attachments Available For Order!

••Garfield Grabtech Skidsteer Grapples GarfieldEDS10-T EDS10-T Box Blade • Box Blade

••Case Garfield EDS10-T Box Blade Used Skidsteer CaseIH IHSnow SnowPushers Pushers Buckers • && Buckers

2013 Case SV250, 3625 hours.

• Case IH Snow Pushers Available For Order!

Danuser, Legend, Haugen&&&Buckers Jenkins Attachments Attachments Available Danuser, Legend, Haugen Jenkins

Trader’s Dispatch, May 2025 — Page C48

3805 North Yellowstone Highway • Idaho Falls, ID, 83401 • 208-538-1678 • equipment@davidsteedco.com FOR SALE OR RENT!

2015 Komatsu WA270 Wheel Loader 6500 hours, cab, JRB coupler, ride control. Stock #11341................................................ $79,500

1998 Caterpillar D5M LGP 7300 hours, nice undercarriage, CAT 3116 engine, 110 hp, PAT blade, 132″ blade, 29,000 lbs, cab, air conditioning, heater. Stock #11348.............. $52,500

2 Available!

2019 Case 570N EP Skip Loader 1735 hours, OROPS, 4×4, box blade. Stock #11330 .......... ............................................................ $47,500

2018 Case 580N EP Backhoe 1913 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe.

Stock #11310...................................... $59,500

2018 Case 721G wheel loader 2490 hours, new radial tires, 3rd valve, quick coupler, ride control, 3-1/2 yd. bucket, cab, air conditioning.

Stock #11294......................................$129,000

2018 Bobcat T650 skid steer 2533 hours, cab, air, heat, pilot controls Stock #11311..$39,500

2020 John Deere 700K XLT Dozer 1,621 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, PAT blade (10-ft 1”), rippers; warranty coverage: Powertrain and Hydraulics Extended Warranty until January 28, 2028 or 5,000 hours. Stock # 11325.. .......................................................... $175,000

2018 Case 821G Wheel Loader, 3580 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 3rd valve, quick coupler, 4 yard bucket, ride control. Stock #11335.......... ............................................................$139,000

2018 Case 821G Wheel Loader 4181 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, quick coupler, 3rd valve, 4 yard bucket, radial tires. Stock #11337.$135,000

2017 Atlas Copco QAS70 FT4 Generator 5735 hours, 70 KV, diesel. Stock #11281..................... ............................................. $24,500.....$19,500

2017 Case 721G Wheel Loader 3503 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, JRB coupler, ride control. Stock #11323........................ $125,000 2018 John Deere 310L EP backhoe, 5355 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe, auxiliary hydraulics, pilot controls.

Stock #11301...................................... $48,500

2018 John Deere 544K II Wheel Loader 3020 hours, cab, heat / air, JRB Coupler, 3 yard bucket, 3rd valve. Stock #11339....... $120,000

2007 Case-IH MXU115 3403 hrs, 4x4, CIH loader, cab, heat, air conditioning, 540/1000 PTO, 3-point hitch, bale forks. Stock #11344............ ............................................................ $69,500

7 Available

2015 JCB 506-36 telehandler 2280 hours, 6000 lb. lift capacity, 36-ft. lift height, ROPS, 48″ carriage, 48″ forks. Stock #11297................ $43,000

2016 Caterpillar 262D skid steer, 2307 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, air ride seat, hydraulic quick coupler, engine block heater. Stock #11085......... $46,500

2012 Hitachi ZX50U-3 mini excavator 3834 hours, cab, air and heat, auxiliary hydraulics, hydraulic thumb, bucket. Stock #10866........... .......................................... $45,000.....$39,500

2023 Skid Pro 2 SP-01-1551-84 Available! new snow blower attachment for skid steer. 84″ wide, 20″ fan, G6 motor package, comes with universal harness and toggle control in separate box, 2 year manufacturer warranty, attachment only............................................................$7950

2017 Atlas Copco XAS185KD7 T4F air compressor 2100 hours, 185 CFM, towable. Stock #11279................................................ $14,900

2017 JLG G5-18A Telehandler 2888 hours, 5,500 lb. lift capacity, 18-ft. lift height, cab, 4WD. Stock #11306 ........................... $45,000

We also RENT Equipment!

Give us a call! 208.538.1678

2019 Case 621G Wheel Loader 3400 hours, cab, air conditioning, 3 yard multipurpose bucket, JRB quick coupler, ride control. Stock #11342. . ............................................................$120,000

2019 John Deere 310L EP Backhoe 3926 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extenda-hoe, 4-in-1 bucket. Stock #11316 ... $59,500

2015 Caterpillar 262D Skid Steer 2602 hours, cab, air conditioning, hydraulic quick coupler.

Stock #11099...................................... $46,500

14 Available - $2500/ea.

Single Axle Dollies 20,000 lb. GVWR, 295/75R-22.5 tires.

Partial Listing only - many more available for RENT or SALE.

www.davidsteedco.com