TorontoHye Newspaper Volume 7, #7-78 - April 2012

Armen Krikorian Sales Representative

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I N T E R N AT I O N A L

Direct: 416-885-8345 akrikorian@trebnet.com www.armenhomes.com

¾. î³ñÇ ÂÇõ 7 (78), ²åñÇÉ 2012 Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ, ²Ûɳ½³Ý ä³ñµ»ñ³Ã»ñÃ

APPRAISING, LISTING & NEGOTIATING Volume 7, No. 7 (78), April 2012 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper REALTY EXECUTIVES EXPERTS INC.

Brokerage, Independently Owned and Operated

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ÀݹѳÝñ³å¿ë ׳߻ñÁ ëÇñ³Ûûųñ ÏÁ ѳÛóÛÃáõÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÛÝùÇë ïÇÏÇÝÝ»ñáõ ÏáÕÙ¿« áñáÝù áõËï ϳï³ñ³Í Ï°ÁÉÉ³Ý »õ ϳ٠áñ»õ¿ Ýå³ï³ÏÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÏÁ ÷³÷³ùÇÝ û·Ý»É Ù»ñ ï³ñ»óÝ»ñáõÝ: ²Ù³ÝáñÇ« ê©ÌÝݹ»³Ý »õ ê© Ú³ñáõû³Ý ïûÝ»ñáõÝ ³õ»ÉÇ Ïª³ßËáõÅ³Ý³Ý Ù»ñ ³Ûó»ÉáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: úñáõ³Û Û³ñÙ³ñ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï ³ÕûÃùÇ µ³óÇÏÝ»ñ ÏÁ µ³ßËáõÇÝ µáÉáñÇÝ »õ Ð³Û ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñ ½³ÝáÝù ÏÁ ½áõ³ñ׳óÝ»Ý »ñ·»ñáí« å³ñ»ñáí »õ ³ñï³ë³Ýáõû³Ùµ: ²Ûë ï³ñÇ ê. ºññáñ¹áõÃÇõÝ ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛ ê© ê³Ñ³Ï »õ ê© Ø»ëñáå ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ« ê© ÌÝݹ»³Ý ³éÃÇõ Û³ÝÓÝ ³éÇÝ Leisure World-Ç 23 Ñ³Û µÝ³ÏÇãÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ ׳ßÇ å³ïñ³ëïáõÃÇõÝÁ« ÑÇõñ³ëÇñáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ Û³Ûï³·ñÇ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõáõÃÇõÝÁ: Ø»ñ ï³ñ»óÝ»ñáõÝ ºÏ»Õ»óÇ »ñóÉáõ ÷³÷³ùÁ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ« Ú³ÝÓݳËáõÙµë ï³ñÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ÙÁ ÏÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå¿ î³ñ»óÝ»ñáõ úñá-

õ³Û гݹÇëáõÃÇõÝ: Ø»Í ³ß˳ï³Ýù ÏÁ ï³ñáõÇ, áñå¿ë½Ç ï³ñ»óÝ»ñáõ ïáõÝ»ñ¿Ý ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ѳٳÛÝùÇë ï³ñ»óÝ»ñÁ Ý»ñÏ³Û ·ïÝáõÇÝ »Ï»Õ»óÇ: Ðݳñ³õáñ ã¿ ãÛáõ½áõÇÉ Ç ï»ë Ù»ñ å³åÇÏÝ»ñáõÝ »õ ï³ïÇÏÝ»ñáõÝ« áñáÝù ϳñÍ»ë Ýáñ »é³Ý¹ ³é³Í ·áÑáõû³Ý ³ÕûÃù ÏÁ µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»Ý ³é ²ëïáõ³Í: ²å³« Ϫ³é³çÝáñ¹áõÇÝ §Ø³Ï³ñáë ²ñÃÇÝ»³Ý¦ Ý»ñùݳëñ³ÑÁ áõñ ½áõ³ñà ÙÃÝáÉáñï ÙÁ »õ Û³Ûï³·Çñ ÙÁ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ý Çñ»Ýó: гÛÏ³Ï³Ý »ñ³ÅßïáõÃÇõÝ« ѳÙáí ׳߻ñ« Ýáõ³· »õ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõ »ÉáÛÃÝ»ñÁ ³ÛÝù³Ý ÏÁ µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»Ý ³ÝáÝó ïñ³Ù³¹ñáõÃÇõÝÁ« áñ í³ñÏ»³ÝÇ ÙÁ ѳٳñ ÏÁ ÙáéÝ³Ý ³Ù¿Ý ÇÝã »õ ßáõñçå³ñ µéÝ³Í Ï°³åñÇÝ »ñ³Åßïáõû³Ý Ñ»ï: î»ë³ñ³ÝÁ ³ÝÝϳñ³·ñ»ÉÇ Ñ³×áÛù ÏÁ å³ï×³é¿ µáÉáñÇÝ: ÊÝ×áÛùÇ ³õ³ñïÇÝ« »ñ»óÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ Ù»ÏÝÇÝ ·áÑáõÝ³Ï ûñÑÝáõÃÇõÝ µ³ßË»Éáí µáÉáñÇÝ »õ Çñ»Ýó Ñ»ï ï³Ý»Éáí í³Û»ÉùÇ ûñáõ³Û ÛÇßáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ:

ê© ê³Ñ³Ï »õ ê© Ø»ëñáå ²½·³ÛÇÝ Þ³µ³Ãûñ»³Û ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ ²õ³ñï³Ï³Ý ¸³ë³ñ³ÝÁ äÇïÇ ²Ûó»É¿ г۳ëï³Ý

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ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ð³Û ³ß³Ï»ñïÇÝ »ñ³½Ý áõ ϳñûïÝ ¿, áñ ûñ ÙÁ í»ñ³¹³éÝ³Û Çñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ: ²Ûë »ñ³½Á Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝ åÇïÇ ¹³éÝ³Û ê© ê³Ñ³Ï »õ ê© Ø»ëñáå ²½·³ÛÇÝ Þ³µ³Ãûñ»³Û ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ 8-ñ¹ ³õ³ñï³Ï³Ý ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÇ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ« áñáÝù ³Ûë ³Ù³é г۳ëï³Ý áõËﳷݳóáõû³Ý åÇïÇ Ï³ñ»Ý³Ý »ñóÉ: àõËﳷݳóáõÃÇõÝÁ Ï°³ÙµáÕç³óÝ¿ Çñ»Ýóª ï³ëÁ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõ ѳۻóÇ ¹³ëïdzñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ëÏǽµÝ ¿ Ýáñ ѳïáñÇ ÙÁª Çñ»Ýó Ñ³Û ¿áõû³Ý Ù¿ç: ²Ûë ³éÇÃáí 8-ñ¹ ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÇ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñáõ ÏáÕÙ¿ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõ»ó³õ ׳½Ç »ñ»ÏáÛ ÙÁ §È»õáÝ Æß˳ݻ³Ý »õ ÀÝÏ»ñÝ»ñ¦ ³Ýáõ³Ý ï³Ï« áñ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ سñï 3-ÇÝ« ê. ºññáñ¹áõÃÇõÝ ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛ ëñ³ÑÇÝ Ù¿ç: ²õ»ÉÇ ù³Ý 300 Ñá·Ç Ý»ñÏ³Û ·ïÝáõ»ó³Ý ³Ûë ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÇÝ: Ü»ñÏ³Û ¿ÇÝ Ý³»õ ³õ³ñï³Ï³Ý ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÇ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ« ݳËáñ¹ ï³ñáõ³Û ßñç³Ý³õ³ñïÝ»ñÁ« ¼³ñ»Ñ ². øÑÝÛ. ¼³ñ·³ñ»³Ý »õ »ñ¿óÏÇÝ Ü³ÛÇñ³ ¼³ñ·³ñ»³Ý« ¹åñáóÇ ïÝûñ¿Ý º¹áõ³ñ¹ ä³É»³Ý »õ îÇÏ. ³ÉÇÝ ä³É»³Ý« áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñ »õ ³Ï³Ý³õáñ ÑÇõñ»ñ:

Ú³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ ³Ý¹³Ù ²ÝÇ ¶³½³ñ»³ÝÁ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÇõÝ Û³ÛïÝ»ó Ý»ñϳݻñáõÝ ³ç³Ïóáõû³Ý ѳٳñ »õ ÏÇóéÇëï È»õáÝ Æß˳ݻ³ÝÇÝ, áñ ëÇñ³Ûûųñ ÇÝù½ÇÝù ïñ³Ù³¹ñ»ó Ó»éݳñÏÇÝ: ²å³ ä³É»³Ý Û³ÛïÝ»ó, ÿ ßÝáñÑÇõ ѳݹÇë³ï»ëÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳÛáõû³Ý« ù³ç³É»ñ³ÝùÇÝ« ÝÇõÃ³Ï³Ý »õ µ³ñáÛ³Ï³Ý ûųݹ³Ïáõû³Ý Û»ï ³Ûëáõ Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ³õ³ñï³Ï³Ý ³ß³Ï»ñï, áñ Ï°áõ½¿ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ ï»ëÝ»É åÇïÇ Ï³ñ»Ý³Û ï»ëݻɫ ³ÝÏ³Ë Çñ ÝÇõÃ³Ï³Ý íÇ׳ϿÝ: ²Ý å³ïÙ»ó ÿ Ç°Ýãå¿ë ³Ï³Ý³ï»ë »Õ³Í ¿ñ ³Ýó»³É ï³ñáõ³Û ßñç³Ý³õ³ñïÝ»ñáõ Ñá·»÷áËٳݪ سÛñ ÑáÕÇÝ íñ³Û: ¿ ÇÝãå¿ë ³Û¹ ³ß³Ï»ñïÁ« áñ ¹åñáóÇÝ Ù¿ç ¹Åáõ³ñáõû³Ùµ ѳۻñ¿Ý ÏÁ Ëûë¿ñ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù¿ç ¹³ñÓ³Í ¿ñ §ëá˳Ϧ« »õ Ñå³ñï ½·³ó³Í Çñ ѳÛáõû³Ùµ« É»½áõáí« å³ïÙáõû³Ùµ »õ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùáí: ä³É»³Ý Ýß»ó, ÿ ³Ýѳٵ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë¿, áñ ³Ûë ï³ñáõ³Û ßñç³Ý³õ³ñïÝ»ñÁ »õë áõÝ»Ý³Ý ÝáÛÝ ÷áñÓ³éáõÃÇõÝÁ: î¿ñ ¼³ñ»Ñ, Çñ ϳñ·ÇÝ, ѳëï³ï»ó« áñ ѳٳÛÝùÇ ³é³ï³Ó»éÝáõû³Ùµ »õ ³ç³Ïóáõû³Ùµ ¿, áñ í³ñ-

RBC Royal Bank

Khoren Mardoyan Mobile Mortgage Specialist Royal Bank of Canada Tel: 647-980-9449 Fax: 416-289-0352

When it comes to your mortgage, it is important to make sure you get the home you really want with flexible financing solutions that are right for you.

ê© ê³Ñ³Ï »õ ê© Ø»ëñáå ²½·³ÛÇÝ Þ³µ³Ãûñ»³Û ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå³Í ׳½Ç »ñ»ÏáÛÇ Ý»ñϳݻñ£

ųñ³ÝÁ ÏñÝ³Û Ñ³ëÝÇÉ Çñ Ýå³ï³ÏÇÝ »õ ³é³ù»Éáõû³Ý« Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»Éáí ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõÝ »ñ³½Áª ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ ßûß³÷»Éáõ áõ Çñ»Ýó ϳñûïÁ ³éÝ»Éáõ: ²å³, Æß˳ݻ³Ý Ýáõ³·»ó »ñ³Åßï³Ï³Ý ÏïáñÝ»ñª áõÕ»Ïóáõû³Ùµ Çñ ï³Õ³Ý¹³õáñ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñáõÝ: ²Ý Ý»ñ-

ϳݻñáõÝ Ññ³Ùóáõó ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ÏïáñÝ»ñ, áñáÝù Ý»ñßÝã³Í »Ý ½ÇÝù« ÇÝãå¿ëª ÎáÙÇï³ë ì³ñ¹³å»ïÇ §²É ²ÛÉáõÕë¦ ÏïáñÁ: ºÉáÛÃÇ ³õ³ñïÇÝ Æß˳ݻ³Ý ϳï³ñ»ó §æáõóÏÇ ä³ñ¦ Ù»Õ»¹ÇÝ ³ñųݳݳÉáí ÛáïÝϳÛë ͳ÷³Ñ³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ:

EXCEPTIONAL REAL ESTATE SERVICE, BROKERAGE*

Sales Representative

Bus: 416-497-9794 Direct: 416-268-7766 Fax: 416-497-5949

www.bedrosianhomes.com rbedrosian@trebnet.com

3107 Sheppard Ave. E. Toronto ON M1T 3

khoren.mardoyan@rbc.com mortgage.rbc.com/khoren.mardoyan

Your new home doesn t come with mortgage advice

I do

I speak English, Russian, Armenian, French

*Each office is independently owned & operated

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D.D.S., M.Cl.D., F.R.C.D.(C)

Orthodontist Richmond Hill (Hillcrest Mall): 9350 Yonge Street, Suite 216 905-884-4161

Ara Graphics

North York: 3333 Bayview Avenue, Suite 203 416-221-0660 Downtown Toronto: 11 King Street West, Suite C115 416-363-3018

ñÇۿæ ûñÃÇÝ Áë³õ. §ê³Ý³ë³ñ»³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳñÏÁ ÝáõÇñ³µ»ñáõ³Í ¿ å³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÇÝ` µ³ñ»ñ³ñ ØÏñïÇã ê³Ý³ë³ñ»³ÝÇ ÏáÕÙ¿, 1880³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ: §ê³Ý³ë³ñ»³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳñÏÇ ËݳٳϳÉáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ ïÝûñÇÝáõÙÁ ûñ¿Ýùáí ÏÁ å³ïϳÝÇÝ å³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÇÝ® Ø»Ýù åÇïÇ ãµ³õ³ñ³ñáõÇÝù å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ß¿Ýù»ñáõ í»ñ³¹³ñÓáí: Ø»Ýù ÷áËѳïáõóáõÙ åÇïÇ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý ÐÇÙݳñÏÝ»ñáõ ·É˳õáñ ïÝûñ¿ÝáõûݿÝ, 1936 Ãáõ³Ï³Ý¿Ý Ç í»ñ å³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ïñ³Í íݳëÝ»ñáõÝ ¹ÇÙ³ó¦: ²Ûë ï³ñáõ³Ý ëÏǽµÁ гÛáó å³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÁ ÐÇÙݳñÏÝ»ñáõ ·É˳õáñ ïÝûñ¿Ýáõû³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó ³Ýç³ï ѳÛó ÙÁ, áñáí ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç¿ñ í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ»É äáÉÇë ·ïÝáõáÕ §ê³Ý³ë³ñ»³Ý¦ ³é»õïáõñÇ Ï»¹ñáÝÁ (˳Ý): ¿»õ ¹³ï³ñ³ÝÁ ųٳݳϳõáñ ³ñ·»Éù ¹ñ³õ` ë³é»óÝ»Éáí ß¿ÝùÇ ïÝûñÇÝÙ³Ý Ñ»ï ϳåáõ³Í µáÉáñ ·áñͳñùÝ»ñÁ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÐÇÙݳñÏÝ»ñáõ ·É˳õáñ ïÝûñ¿ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Û³Ûï³ñ³ñ»ó, áñ åÇïÇ ã»ÝóñÏáõÇ ¹³ï³ñ³ÝÇ Ññ³Ù³ÝÇÝ: ä³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÇ ¹³ï³å³ßïå³Ý ¾ÉåÇûÕÉáõ ³Ûë Ù³ëÇÝ ³Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓ³õ` Û³ÛïÝ»Éáí. §²ëÇϳ ÏÁ Ñ³Ï³ë¿ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Çñ³õ³Ï³Ý µáÉáñ ã³÷³ÝÇßÝ»ñáõÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ` Èá½³ÝÇ å³Ûٳݳ·ÇñÇÝ: ä³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÇÝ ÏÁ å³ïϳÝÇÝ ·áÛùÇÝ Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñÁ¦, ÏÁ ·ñ¿ §ÐÇõññÇۿæ: ²Ýó»³ÉÇÝ, »ñµ »ë å³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÁ ùÝݳ¹³ï»óÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ß³Ñ»ñáõÝ ¹¿Ù Û³Ûï³ñ³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ϳï³ñ»ÉáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ, ½Çë Ù»Õ³¹ñ»óÇÝ, ÿ ³ÙµáÕçáõû³Ùµ ã»Ù ·Ý³Ñ³ï»ñ ³ÛÝ Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝó ï³Ï Ï°³åñÇÝ Ñ³Û»ñÁ ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ù¿ç, »õ ÇÝÍÇ Ã»É³¹ñ»óÇÝ ³é³õ»É ÁÙµéÝ»É, ÿ ³ÝáÝù, Áëï ¿áõû³Ý, ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý å³ï³Ý¹Ý»ñÝ »Ý: ø³ÝÇ áñ ³Ûë Ûû¹áõ³Íáí »ë ÏÁ ·áí³µ³Ý»Ù å³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÇÝ ÏáÕÙ¿ Ó»éݳñÏáõ³Í ¹³ï³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ, í³Ë áõÝÇÙ, áñ ÇÙ ·áí³ë³ÝùÝ ³É Çñ ϳñ·ÇÝ ÏñÝ³Û ÝáÛÝù³Ý ³ÝѳݷëïáõÃÇõÝ å³ï׳é»É Âáõñùdz ³åñáÕ áñáß Ñ³Û»ñáõ: ºë å³ñ½³å¿ë ÏÁ ÷áñÓ»Ù ÁÉÉ³É ³ñ¹³ñ »õ ³Ý³ã³é. ÏÁ ùÝݳ¹³ï»Ù ϳ٠ÏÁ ·áí³µ³Ý»Ù` Ù»ÏÝ³Í Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÇ Ñ³Ý·³Ù³ÝùÝ»ñ¿Ý:

ÎÇÉÇÏÇáÛ Î³ÃáÕÇÏáëáõÃÇõÝÁ ²ñ»õÙï»³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ÝáõÇñáõ³Í Úáõ߳ٳﻳÝÝ»ñ ÎÁ Ðñ³ï³ñ³Ï¿

Dr. Raffi Aynaciyan braces for children and adults

áÉáñïÝ»ñáõ Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÝ»ñ »õ Ù³ëݳ·¿ïÝ»ñ, áñáÝù åÇïÇ ³ç³Ïó¿ÇÝ ²ñ»õÙï»³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý: Æñ ϳñ׳ï»õ ·áÛáõû³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ í³ñųñ³ÝÁ ïáõ³õ ѳñÇõñ³õáñ ßñç³Ý³õ³ñïÝ»ñ, Ý»ñ³é»³É ³ÛÝåÇëÇÝ»ñ, áñáÝù Ù»Í å³ßïûÝÝ»ñ ½µ³Õ»óáõóÇÝ Ñ»ï³·³ÛÇÝ: 1918-ÇÝ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ Ù¿ç г۳ëï³ÝÇ ²é³çÇÝ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý ¹»ëå³Ý ²ñÙ¿Ý ¶³ñû »Õ³Í ¿ ê³Ý³ë³ñ»³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÇ ë³Ý: γñÇÝ ù³Õ³ùÁ ϳñ»õáñ Ï»¹ñáÝ ¿ñ Ð³Û Û»Õ³÷áË³Ï³Ý ¸³ßݳÏóáõû³Ý »õ ³Ýáñ ջϳí³ñÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ, áñáÝù µÝ³ÏáõÃÇõÝ Ñ³ëï³ï³Í ¿ÇÝ ³ÛÝï»Õ ÙÇÝã»õ 1915 Ãáõ³Ï³Ý: ÐÚ¸-Ç ÑÇÙݳ¹ÇñÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÁ` èáëïáÙÁ, Ý߳ݳÏáõ³Í ¿ñ γñÝáÛ ¹åñáó³Ï³Ý ѳٳϳñ·ÇÝ, áñ ÏÁ Ý»ñ³é¿ñ ݳ»õ ê³Ý³ë³ñ»³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÁ: 1914-ÇÝ Ï³Û³ó³Í ÐÚ¸ Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý ׳ϳﳷñ³Ï³Ý 8-ñ¹ ÀݹѳÝáõñ ÅáÕáíÇ Ï³ñ· ÙÁ ѳݹÇåáõÙÝ»ñ ϳ۳ó³Ý ê³Ý³ë³ñ»³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÇ ÑáÕ³ï³ñ³ÍùÇÝ íñ³Û: ÄáÕáíÁ Áݹѳïáõ»ó³õ ². гٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ å³ï»ñ³½ÙÇ Ù»ÏݳñÏáí: ºñÇïÃáõñù»ñáõ ջϳí³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ γñÇÝ áõÕ³ñÏ»ó µ³ñÓñ³ëïÇ×³Ý å³ïáõÇñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝ ÙÁ` гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Íñ³·ñáÕÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏáõÝ` ä»Ñ³¿ïïÇÝ Þ³ùÇñÇ ·É˳õáñáõû³Ùµ, áñå¿ë½Ç ×ÝßáõÙ ·áñͳ¹ñ¿ ÐÚ¸-Ç íñ³Û` ѳٳ·áñͳÏó»Éáõ ѳٳñ Ãñù³Ï³Ý ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý Ñ»ï å³ï»ñ³½Ù³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ: ÐÚ¸-Ý Ù»ñÅ»ó Ëݹñ³ÝùÁ: ì³ñųñ³ÝÁ ÷³Ïáõ»ó³õ 1915-Ç ëϽµÇÝ, ÇëÏ ³ÙµáÕç áõëáõóã³Ï³Ý ϳ½ÙÁ »õ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñ¿Ý ß³ï»ñÁ ëå³ÝÝáõ»ó³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ųٳݳÏ: Þ³ùÇñ ëå³ÝÝáõ»ó³õ Ñ³Û íñÇųéáõÝ»ñáõ Ó»éù»ñáí, 1922-ÇÝ, ä»ñÉÇÝÇ Ù¿ç: ֳϳﳷÇñÇ Ñ»·Ý³Ýùáí, ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ï³ñÇ »ïù γñÇÝÁ Ñ³Û ·áñÍÇãÝ»ñáõ û׳˿ í»ñ³Íáõ»ó³õ Ãñù³Ï³Ý ³½·³ÛݳÙáÉÝ»ñáõ Ï»¹ñáÝÇ, áõñ 1919-ÇÝ ø»Ù³É ²Ã³Ãáõñù ·áõÙ³ñ»ó ¾ñ½ñáõÙÇ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÁ: Ü»ñϳÛÇë ê³Ý³ë³ñ»³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÁ ÏÁ ·áñÍ¿ ǵñ»õ Ãñù³Ï³Ý óݷ³ñ³Ý: ²Ý¹ñ³¹³éݳÉáí ¹³ï³í³ñáõû³Ý` гÛáó ä³ïñdzñù³ñ³ÝÇ ¹³ï³å³ßïå³Ý ²ÉÇ ¾ÉåÇûÕÉáõ §ÐÇõñ-

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2012 14 ¾.²äðÆÈ î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

Liberal Leader Bob Rae and Members of the Caucus Hold Post-Budget Town Hall at ACC

Clockwise: Interim Liberal leader Bob Rae; Town Hall attendees, Shant Paylian; Bob Rae and MP Jim Karygiannis meeting with the Armenian Community leaders at ACC, Toronto. Liberal Leader Bob Rae and members of the Liberal Caucus hosted a special PostBudget Town Hall on March 31 at the Armenian Community Centre in Toronto. The special town hall was held to deliver a message about the Conservative Government s Budget and the future direction of the country. The event was live broadcast online. This is a divisive budget that pits generation against generation and region against region. It forces Canadians to work until 67 to pay for Harper s deficit, megaprisons, and fighter jets, said Rae. He said that Liberals could not be more disappointed. We want a budget that creates

jobs and sustainable prosperity. Each and every Canadian should have the opportunity to succeed, added Rae. More than 200 people including press attended the meeting. Also present were MPs John McCallum (Markham-Unionville), Scott Brison (Kings-Hants, Nova Scotia), Jim Karygiannis (Scarborough Agincourt), Judy Sgro (York West), former MP Borys Wrzesnewskyj, senators Art Eggleton and David Smith, former MPP Alvin Curling and MPPs Bas Balkissoon (Scarborough-Rouge River), Michael Coteau (Don Valley East) and TDSB Trustees David Smith, Sam Sotiropoulos. After the event, Bob Rae met with members of the Armenian Community.

²äðÆÈ 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

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2012 16 ¾.²äðÆÈ î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

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19

2012 20¾.²äðÆÈ î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

TORONTO ARMENIANS

Hundreds Hold Demonstration at the Azerbaijani Embassy in Ottawa More than 200 Armenian-Canadians from across the country took part in a demonstration on March 23 at the Embassy of Azerbaijan in Ottawa, organized by the Armenian Youth Federation of Canada. The demonstrators voiced their concern about Azerbaijan s ongoing aggression, intimidation and hostility towards Armenians. They chanted slogans targeting Azerbaijan s continued aggression toward Armenia, the atrocities and pogroms of Sumgait and Baku, as well as the cultural genocide of Armenian heritage sites within Azerbaijan. They also highlighted the current situation in the NagornoKarabakh region, proclaiming that Armenians have the right to live freely without Azerbaijani constraint and hostility. The government of Azerbaijan has actively

continued a policy of hostility against Armenians; from exile and pogroms in the late 1980s, to the constant war-mongering rhetoric, ever-increasing military budget and threats to end the cease-fire with the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic that continue until today. Moreover, the planned destruction of Armenian Khachkars (cross-stones) in the Nakhichevan region (Julfa), which are now declared as items of world heritage by UNESCO, proves to the world that Azerbaijan has been taking active steps towards erasing the memory of Armenians from their country. Furthermore, the demonstrators urged governments around the world to condemn Azerbaijan for its continued display of religious intolerance, aggression, and constant attempts to destabilize the Caucasus. Armenian Canadian demonstrators in front of the Embassy of Azerbaijan in Ottawa.

Freedom of Expression 2012 On March 9 the Armenian Youth Federation Simon Zavarian Chapter organized Freedom of Expression 2012. The event was aimed at raising awareness amongst the local youth about Human Rights violations around the world and calling on the next generation to work towards put­ ting an end to injustices starting from the jailing of journalists to the Geno­ cide in Darfur. The event consisted of five main topics: Armenian Culture, Armenian Diaspora, Genocide Denial, Human Rights, and Call to Action. It cast special light on the government of Turkey's denial of the Armenian Genocide, ongoing Human Rights violations, and the murder of TurkishArmenian journalist Hrant Dink. Stressing the importance of art and social media, the topics were pre­ sented using film, poetry, music and plays. The Cultural portion consisted of a performance by Hamazkayin Erebuni Dance Ensemble and songs performed by Nerses Der Nerses. The Diaspora portion of the event consisted of a play, William Saroyan's Seventy Thousand Assyrians, per­ formed by Raffi Hasserjian and Ara Ghukasyan as well as a poem read

Photos/Ishkhan Ghazarian

Carla Garapedian

Freedom of Expression event organizers

Ruzanna performing a poem

by Daniel Ohanian. The Genocide Denial portion featured several doc­ umentaries and presentations. For the Human Rights portion, Ruzanna performed a spoken word dedicated to Hrant Dink. Also performing throughout the night were bands Dismaj and Autumn Blu. Finally, the Call to Action portion was presented by the keynote speak­

er director of the Screamers Carla Garapedian from Los Angeles. Ga­ rapedian stresses the idea of sym­ pathy and collaboration between all those groups who have suffered from genocide and human right violations. She made it clear that there s a difference between a conflict and a crime. She said we resist colluding with anyone who wants to describe

Especially now, through the ad­ vances of the internet and social media, Armenians can connect and spread the word. She mentioned how the Arab Spring was created through social networking. Small groups can create climates of opin­ ion, draw attention to issues, orga­ nize protests, and pressure those who represent us, she concluded.

Young Minds Presents on Medieval Armenian Tombstone Design The March Young Minds lecture organized by Armen Karo Student Association was delivered by Gorchin Dizdar, a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholar pursuing his PhD in humanities at York University. His talk, entitled Khachkar and Ororots: A Study in Medieval Armenian Tombstone Design, followed his travels through eastern Turkey and Armenia, where he extensively photographed examples of Armenian tombstone design. He showed how The Ororots, rare and distinct from the much better known khachkar by their shape and everyday imagery, show striking resemblances to the Bosnian stec ak, suggesting the existence of significant pre-Ottoman artistic exchanges between Armenia and the Balkans, and a major naturalistic movement in art predating the Renaissance by several centuries. The Young Minds Lecture Series organised is a series of monthly lectures given by recent graduates or students in undergraduate or graduate programmes. Speakers are either Armenians speaking on an open range of topics, or nonArmenians presenting on issues that can be of interest to our community. Upcoming lectures will be covering quantum computing, Armenian-Ontarian history, architecture and human rights and development.

the Genocide as a conflict or as facts to be agreed on. Speaking about Armenian Geno­ cide she emphasized that Truth must come before Reconciliation and that the Armenian people have come a long way in this and have learned how a small nation not exceeding 10 million can effect big changes in the world.

Armenian-Canadian Youth Organizations Launch Free Zarakolu Campaign The Armenian Youth Federation of Canada and Armen Karo Student Association launched a joint campaign to call for the release of Turkish journalist, publisher, writer and human rights advocate Ragip Zarakolu on March 8 in Toronto. A group of dedicated Canadians came together at the Armenian community Centre of Toronto to write letters to John Baird, Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs, to urge the government of Canada to call for Zarakolu s release. Several months ago, 40 intellectuals were arrested in Turkey on trumped-up charges of terrorism. Among them was Ragip Zarakolu, who runs of one of the few publishing houses in the country which prints books on the Armenian Genocide and other topics deemed taboo. Zarakolu is also a recipient of the National Library Award of the Republic of Armenia and a Nobel Peace Prize nominee. The participants made it clear today that Canadians will not stand for restriction of freedom of expression and violations of human rights anywhere in the world.

A group of Armenian Canadians write letters to Foreign Minister John Baird urging the government to call for Zarakolu°s release.

Anyone interested in participating in the Free Zarakolu Campaign can e-mail their letters addressed to Minister John Baird to freezarakolu@armenkaro.org.

²äðÆÈ 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

ART/CULTURE

by Ara Hasserjian

21

Guitarist Megerdich Mikayelian in Toronto

March 11, 2012, Toronto: Hamazkayin s Theatre at the Arme­ nian Youth Centre was host to clas­ sical guitarist Megerdich Mikayelian, who performed a recital of Classical, Armenian, and Spanish-flamenco pieces to over 120 attendees. Mi­ kayelian is an acclaimed classical guitarist, whose reputation has ex­ tended far beyond Lebanon and the Middle East, with this being his return visit to Canada since his first tour only one year ago. Classical guitar, despite being a broadly appreciated musical form for recorded listening, has traditionally occupied a narrow niche in the per­ forming arts world, typically resulting in limited attendance and apprecia­ tion. Indeed, for many of Hamazkay­ in s loyal patrons, this recital was a novelty. However, those who have given it an opportunity have found a unique and tremendous degree of gratification. A classical guitar recital permits one to connect with the piece of music in a way that is not practi­ cally achievable with recorded listen­ ing. Since only one instrument is present (as opposed to a quartet or an orchestra), distraction is eliminat­ ed, and the essence of each compo­ sition is allowed to shine through;

and as the guitar is an instrument that is particularly sensitive to the even the most miniscule variation in style that a guitarist imparts on a piece, the performer s own artistic interpretation is highlighted as well. In Hamazkayin s presentation of Megerdich Mikayelian, the audi­ ence was encouraged to allow the pieces to work on them, in forming a visual manifestation of the music in their mind s eye. Specifically cho­ sen paintings were paired with the music, and projected on an overhead screen. Blended into that imagery was an up-close view of Mikayelian s finger work, allowing the audience to fully grasp the hesitations, nuanc­ es, assertions, and emphases that make up his unique style. Mikayelian s performance was comprised of three segments He began with more traditional classical pieces such as Handel s Sarabande. Next, he moved on to pieces from the traditional Armenian repertoire, including works of Sayat Nova, Ar­ men Dikranian, and Parsegh Ganat­ chian. These are pieces that were not necessarily originally intended for classical guitar, but Megerdich has created the arrangements, pre­ senting something truly unique to our

by Jack Aslanian On June 14, 1971, the Czech journalist Jiri Skoumal, husband of the well-known translator from Armenian Ludmila Motalova, headed for the village of Chanakhchi [Sevak's birthplace and home, now called Zangakatun - Trans.] to meet Sevak and record him and, in addition, to deliver to the poet the Czech version of his "The Irrepressible Bell Tower." It was impossible to imagine that three days after that conversation Sevak would no longer be alive. The notes of that interview have been preserved, which we present without change. Q - What are you occupied with now, Paruir? PS - Well, first of all, it is two years since I delivered the manuscript of a book. It'll be published soon. I was occupied with that publication sponsored by the government. And second, now that I'm working in the Academy [National Academy of Sciences], Institute of Literature, I'm working on a book, Sayat Nova and the Armenian Middle Ages. I'll probably finish by year-end. For now those are my most pressing projects. I have many ideas and plans - something for the future. After which I must occupy myself with the translation of Grikor

audience. Finally, the recital reached its climax with a selection of intricate yet invigorating Spanish-flamenco pieces. The event was followed by a wine and cheese reception in the foyer, sponsored by Yellow Tail Wine. The committee was thankful to all of its sponsors, especially Clara and Vahe Agopian, for their generosity in funding Megerdich s travel to Cana­ da. About Mikayelian: Mikayelian s studies in guitar began at the Hamaz­ kayin Parsegh Ganatchian College of Music in Beirut. He traveled to Yerevan, Armenia, to attend courses at the Komitas Armenian National State Conservatory, under the direc­ tion of Hagop Tchaghatcbanian. Mi­ kayelian is the recipient of the Honor Certificate of the First Autumn Fes­ tival organized by the composers in Yerevan. He also took his higher education with Professor Eddy Dor­ lian at the Lebanese National Higher Conservatory, from where he ob­ tained his B.A. in Music. Mikayelian has performed in several countries, such as Lebanon, Syria, Armenia, and Canada, as a soloist and as a member of various ensembles, and duos with guitar,

Megerdich Mikayelian with his classical guitar.

violin, and flute. He has also attended several master classes with interna­ tionally renowned guitarists such as Raphael Andia. He is currently a guitar professor at the Lebanese National Higher Conservatory of Music, Parsegh Ganatchian Musical College and Antonine University . He is the co­ ordinator of classical guitar and the director of the Guitar Ensemble at P. Ganatchian College of Music and Professional Institute of St. Michel. In addition to his teaching and

performing in concerts, he is also the author of the book Armenian Liturgy and Armenian Songs for Guitar pub­ lished by the Armenian Catholicos­ sate of Cilicia in 2002. He has re­ leased a pair of CDs for classical guitar (2006 and 2008). Mikayelian is a close friend of Toronto guitarist Levon Ichkhanian, and his visit to Canada was an op­ portunity for laying the groundwork for exciting future collaborative efforts that are sure to come.

Paruir Sevak s last interview Naregatzi's [10th century, sanctified poet, theologian, philosopher] Book of Lamentations (poem) - also under the auspices of the Academy. That won't be a poetic translation but a scholarly interpretation. Which, I should by the way add, has been one of my dreams - for years, for my entire life. As soon as I finish Sayat Nova and the Armenian Middle Ages, I will move on to that project. Q - Are you not going to translate Frik [13th century Armenian poet]? PS - Indeed; before Naregatzi, one of my ideas was to translate Frik. But because Naregatzi is in the works now, after Naregatzi I'll move on ... my next scholarly project will be Frik. Q - Paruir, what do you consider essential for a writer? PS - First and foremost, independent thinking, free thinking, and avoiding telling half truths. Without that, even if God has given one great talent, there won't be anything at all. Q - They say that adverse experience is very useful to a writer ... PS - Bad experience ...? Without doubt; and whoever has said that has been absolutely right. But unfortunately, it is possible to have

a bad trial, and benefiting from that experience still go on doing bad work. ["Experience" and "trial" are homonymous in Armenian. Trans.] That too exists. So that, if you do not fail on a bad trial, do not feel that you've erred, you may work badly all your life. And, thank God, there are so many writers who pursued bad trials to the very end. Q - Do you have an idea which you're, perhaps, afraid of realizing? PS - Many, many. I have many such ideas. First and foremost, I am unable to realize [them] because I fear my own abilities. Yet, because I'm soon turning fifty, if I am unable to act now I'll never be able to act. Probably, all that I've thought of, all that I've postponed over years, I shall strive to accomplish henceforth. Q - Paruir, in your opinion what are the main traits of contemporary Armenian literature? PS - First and foremost, our fresh literary thinking - something that was rare some ten years ago. I consider that the most important. Q - Someone has told me, or I've read somewhere, that mankind must be prepared for a cosmic age. What do you think about

Paruir Sevag

that? PS - In my opinion the issues of a cosmic age and of literature are entirely different. It is possible to fly to the moon and return, yet remain the same man. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare man not for flights away from the earth, but to do something so that he can take those flights on earth, if just from one see page 29

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2012 22 ¾.²äðÆÈ î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

Ragip Zarakolu and Zoryan Institute Collaborate in Turkish Publication of German Foreign Office Archives Ragip Zarakolu, a publisher in Istanbul and a renowned champion of human rights, has collaborated with the Zoryan Institute to lay one more building block on the foundation of a common body of knowledge for Turks and Armenians. Zarakolu, despite being in jail since October 2011 allegedly in connection with the Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK) trials, has not stopped his efforts to bring out the historical truth about the events of 1915 and thereafter. On January 12, 2012, Belge Yayinlari, Zarakolu s publishing house, released Alman Belgeleri Ermeni Soyk m 1915-16: Alman D shishleri Bakanl g Siaysi Ashiv Belgeleri, the Turkish edition of The Armenian Genocide 1915-16: Documents from the Political Archives of the G e r m a n F o r e i g n O ff i c e , compiled and edited by Wolfgang Gust and published originally in Germany. The original book was the product of some ten years of devoted research, editing and translating overseen by Wolfgang and Sigrid Gust. It is an extensive selection of some 218 telegrams, letters and reports from German consular officials in the Ottoman Empire to the Foreign Office in Berlin describing the unfolding genocide of the Armenians. In December 1915, as a response to the criticism and outrage of German officials in the field over the inhuman treatment of the

Armenians, German Chancellor and Foreign Minister Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg wrote this: The proposed public reprimand of an ally in the course of a war would be an act which is unprecedented in history. Our only aim is to keep Turkey on our side until the end of the war, no matter whether as a result Armenians do perish or not. Imperial Germany was the political and military ally of the Ottoman Empire. The candor in these documents was possible because they were marked confidential, very confidential or secret and very secret, being intended only for in-house use and never for public consumption. During World War I, only German diplomats and military officials could enter areas in which the genocide took place relatively unhindered and were able to send uncensored reports out of the country. Apart from the Americans, who remained neutral in the war until April 6, 1917, German diplomats and their informants from the charitable missions or from among the employees of the Baghdad Railway were the most important non-Armenian eyewitnesses of the Genocide. It is ironic to read the report of February 24, 1913, from Ambassador in Constantinople (Wangenheim) to the Imperial Chancellor (Bethmann-Hollweg) stating, Here in Germany, we have become accustomed to viewing the

periodically repeated Armenian massacres as being merely a natural reaction to the Armenian businessmen s system of draining others dry. The Armenians were called the Jews of the Orient, and people forgot that in Anatolia there is also a strong tribe of Armenian farmers which has all the good characteristics of a healthy rural population and whose entire wrongdoing consists of doggedly defending its religion, its language and its property against the foreign peoples surrounding it. This new book is part of the long-term project, Creating a Common Body of Knowledge. There is a need in Turkey at this time for authoritative information on its suppressed history. The Zoryan Institute seeks to help provide information to fill this need through systematic scholarly research, the publication of incontestable information on the Armenian Genocide in Turkish and other languages, and the distribution of it widely in Turkey and other countries. Other documentary and analytical publications commissioned by the Zoryan Institute as part of the Common Body of Knowledge include Hitler and the Armenian Genocide (Belge Publishers) and Judgment at Istanbul (Bilgi University Press). The translation into Turkish and publication of the German documents was very challenging and took seven years. Dealing with the diplomatic German language and Sütterlin script of the World War I era was particularly difficult, and the text of the forthcoming English language edition was helpful in clarifying many passages. Ragip Zarakolu has been persecuted by

Ragip Zarakolu

the Turkish state for many years for his public positions on freedom of speech, human rights, and the rights of Turkey s minorities. Outside Turkey, he has given lectures and participated in conferences including in April 2010 in São Paulo, Brazil at a conference co-organized by Zoryan and is highly respected by academic and human rights organizations. Among his honors, he received the NOVIB/PEN Free Expression Award in 2003 and was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by members of the Swedish Parliament in February 2012. As a result of his persecution and many court indictments, he has been officially adopted by PEN.

Scholar Joyce Apsel Appointed Course Director of Zoryan s GHRUP Prof. Joyce Apsel has been appointed Course Director of the Genocide and Human Rights University Program (GHRUP) by the Program Development Committee. The program is held annually in partnership by the International Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies (IIGHRS) (A Division of the Zoryan Institute) and the University of Toronto. Greg Sarkissian, President of the Academic Board of the IIGHRS and Director of the Program made the announcement, explaining, Dr. Apsel is a distinguished scholar, a Master Teacher, and brings tremendous experience to overseeing the implementation of the course in the classroom. Students have described her with such comments as, Prof. Apsel was wonderful, and Apsel was an excellent professor. I heartily agree. Joyce Apsel teaches Humanities in the Liberal Studies Program of the College of Arts and Sciences at New York University, where she has taught a series of seminars on Genocide and Human Rights over the last decade. She is a recipient of the NYU Distinguished Teaching Award (2008-2009). She is currently President of the Institute for

the Study of Genocide and a past president of the International Association of Genocide Scholars. She is also director of RightsWorks International, established in 1999 to promote peace, human rights and genocide education around the world. In reflecting on her new role, Prof. Apsel said, For the past ten years, Roger Smith has served as a model teacher, Director of the GHRUP and on-site summer course director. Hence, with my appointment as Course Director of the 2012 GHRUP, I plan to build on his example and foundation by continuing his engaged pedagogy, weaving together disparate themes and case studies, as well as integrating guest lecturers and students to create a meaningful dialogue and learning environment. For the last eight years, I have participated in the GHRUP summer program as a specialist teaching sections about the history and complexity of human rights and humanitarianism and links with genocide, as well as an earlier module on teaching about genocide. The program provides a unique curriculum opportunity for students and reflects

the continuing need to write into the curriculum events that have all too long been ignored or diminished and still may be denied. In this respect, study of the Armenian Genocide and its denial provides a powerful example. As new archives open up world-wide and new research is carried out, careful examination of issues of genocide and human rights provides a crucial lens to understand mass atrocities and to develop strategies toward prevention and rebuilding communities in the aftermath of severe human rights violations. I am pleased to have the opportunity to be on-site course director of the 2012 GHRUP summer program and welcome students of different backgrounds, training and voices to apply and become part of this unique learning experience. The Genocide and Human Rights University Program reflects my own commitment to the importance of education and research on these important themes. The GHRUP combines theory with a look at specific case studies and explores major themes, allowing students to not only learn about the intricacies of genocide studies, but also to begin recognizing patterns as

Prof. Joyce Apsel

preventable stages of genocide. The comparative nature of the program encourages students to draw their own parallels between the various cases and fosters stimulating classroom discussion.

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ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

ANC of Canada Issues Statement on Human Rights Museum The Armenian National Committee of Canada issued a statement recently regarding the organization s position on the ongoing discussions with the Canadian Museum of Human Rights. Below is the complete text of the statement: The creation and development of the Canadian Museum of Human Rights (the CMHR) is an endeavor the likes of which has never been attempted in Canada s history. Complexity is inherent in such a noble and virtuous undertaking. As such, it is to be expected that the situation is dynamic and evolving as the process progresses. The Armenian National Committee of Canada (the ANCC) has been actively participating in and vigilantly monitoring developments with regards to the CMHR as the process unfolds, consulting with various stakeholders and experts when appropriate. The ANCC has been involved with the CMHR and its process from the very beginning. From the outset, the ANCC s balanced approach has been one that is forward-looking, collaborative, and firmly realistic. Our desired

outcome mirrors that of the community we represent the just, respectful and appropriate representation of genocide and the Armenian Genocide. We have, in recent weeks, updated the leadership of various Armenian-Canadian institutions and organizations about the progression of our work and the challenges that lie ahead. The ANCC remains in consistent dialogue with the CMHR, including collaborative discussions and working sessions. Our relationship with the senior decision-makers of the CMHR can be characterized as being positive, open, and constructive. In addition, we have discussed the CMHR with politicians and government officials with responsibility for this matter. The process continues, however, and is not yet over. Thus, the ANCC maintains its vigilance with regards to the breadth and depth of the Armenian Genocide exhibition, the permanency of the exhibition, and the importance of consultations with the Armenian community in long-term exhibition-related decisions. Armenian National Committee of Canada

How Will the Canadian Museum for Human Rights Represent Genocide? The International Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies (A Division of the Zoryan Institute) was invited to a public gathering in Winnipeg by the Canadian Museum for Human Rights ( CMHR ) in April 2003, after an initial meeting with Gail Asper in Toronto. As a Canadian institution, we lent our name publicly in support of the CMHR at an early stage. Our early enthusiasm diminished over time, owing to the politics surrounding the museum. Owing to such politics, we still have no idea how the Armenian Genocide and other cases will be represented in the CMHR. The IIGHRS-Zoryan made a detailed presentation to CMHR officials in December 2009, as part of its public consultation, on how to represent genocide in general, and the Armenian Genocide in particular. When we found that the public consultations were not being taken into consideration by museum officials, and there was an outcry from various communities about what they felt was unfair treatment, we subsequently issued two public statements on this issue in February and August 2011, and wrote directly to Stuart Murray, the museum s President and Chief Executive Officer. None of the points have been dealt with by the CMHR, nor has our letter been responded to. The essence of the arguments is as follows. The lack of responsiveness of the CMHR and the absence of information about how cases of the gross violation of human rights will be represented raise questions as to which cases will be included, how much space will be allotted to each case, what their content will be, if they will have a permanent or only temporary exhibit, and how these decisions are made. Moreover, there is a close relationship between the gross violation of human rights and genocide that is being

neglected in the museum s planning. Unless we study such cases comparatively, the lessons that can be learned are of limited value, particularly with a view to the prevention of such cases. In trying to fend off criticism from various community groups over its handling of these issues, the CMHR posted a statement on its website, originally appearing as a letter in the Globe & Mail on March 23, 2011, that the museum is not about genocide and never was. The August 2011 IIGHRS-Zoryan editorial rebutted this with explicit statements to the contrary from the museum s own publicity. The editorial also argued the benefits of studying the known cases of genocide on a comparative basis. Finally, the editorial pointed out that as a federal institution, the CMHR was legally required to adhere to the official Canadian policy of multiculturalism, which is to integrate all citizens into Canadian society and treat them fairly and equally. We recently learned from Armenian community representatives that the museum will include the five genocides officially recognized by Canada s Parliament, including the Armenian Genocide, but we still do not know how they will be represented or how the CMHR will deal with the fundamental questions raised in our two public statements. It seems that the CHMR is playing community politics by contacting different groups at different times, while ignoring the challenging questions raised by an institute whose mission is the study of these very issues. We raise these issues today to make the Armenian community aware of what has transpired over the past eight years. The IIGHRS-Zoryan calls upon the Armenian community of Canada to speak with one voice and to demand answers to these questions, for which we have been awaiting an answer for a long time. The Zoryan Institute

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²äðÆÈ 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

23

Clinton Responds to ANCA; Continues to Characterize Genocide as a Conflict Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, in a written response to a letter of protest from the Armenian National Committee of America, refrained from again mischaracterizing the Armenian Genocide as a matter for historical debate, but stopped far short of properly characterizing this atrocity as a crime, much less keeping the pledges that both she and President Obama have made to fully and formally recognize this clear case of genocide. While we value the willingness of Secretary Clinton to engage with Armenian American voters during this political season, and certainly take note of the fact that she has refrained from repeating her recent highly offensive comments directly calling into question the Armenian Genocide, we remain deeply troubled by her misguided efforts to downgrade an international crime of genocide to a simple bilateral conflict, said ANCA Chairman Ken Hachikian. This is the Turkish government s false and immoral narrative, fabricated by Ankara and its allies to somehow defer the day when the Turkish state and society will voluntarily or not face the inevitable moral and material responsibilities for their crimes. The ANCA Clinton exchange was precipitated by a factually inaccurate description, made by the Secretary during a January 26, 2012, publicly broadcast town hall meeting for State Department employees. At this event, in response to a question regarding the Administration s refusal to recognize the Armenian Genocide, she stated: this has always been viewed, and I think properly so, as a matter of historical debate. On February 9th, the ANCA sent a sixpage letter featuring ten direct questions to the Secretary about this and prior Administrations century long failed policy of attempting to appease Ankara by compromising America s stand on a fundamental issue of human rights. In that letter, ANCA Chairman Ken Hachikian explained that: Honest and open responses to these questions, in addition to bringing a badly needed measure of transparency to American policy on the Armenian Genocide, would also serve as a meaningful foundation for a reasoned discourse among government and civil society stakeholders about ending the era of the United States complicity in Turkey s denials. He added that: More broadly, full and formal recognition of this crime representing, as it would, a very public rejection of Ankara s efforts to impose a gag-rule on America would represent a meaningful step toward stopping the worldwide cycle of genocide that continues to plague humanity. In her March 1st response, Clinton noted that in 2011, President Obama memorialized the 1.5 million Armenians who, in 1915, were massacred or marched to their death in the

Text Of Secretary Clinton s Letter To ANCA Dear Mr. Hachikian: Thank you for your recent letter regarding my remarks during the January 26 State Department Town Hall meeting. The issue you raise is a serious one. On April 24,2011, President Obama memorialized the 1.5 million Armenians who, in 1915, were massacred or marched to their death in the final days of the Ottoman Empire, resulting in one of the worst atrocities of the twentieth century. During my visit to Armenia in 2010, I visited the memorial at Tsitsernakaberd as a sign of respect for those who lost their lives during this tragedy. In his statement, the President also noted History teaches us that our nations are stronger and our cause is more just when we appropriately recognize painful

final days of the Ottoman Empire, resulting in one of the worst atrocities of the twentieth century. She went on to cite her visit to Armenia s Genocide memorial, Tsitzernagapert, as a sign of respect for those who lost their lives during this tragedy. The Secretary then, abdicating both America s and the international community s moral and legal responsibilities, sought to place the onus solely on Turkey and Armenia to work together to address their shared history, side-stepping repeated pledges, in 2008 and prior, by President Obama, Vice-President Biden and Secretary Clinton, herself, calling for full and formal U.S. affirmation and commemoration of this crime. Clinton was equally evasive in responding to questions from Armenian Genocide Resolution (H.Res.304) lead cosponsor, Rep. Adam Schiff (D-CA), during her testimony before the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations last week. Rep. Schiff asked is there any question that you have that the facts of that tragic period between 1915 and 1923 constitute genocide, Do you have any different view on the subject now than you did as a state as a U.S. Senator? Clinton resorted to euphemisms such as terrible events, and one of the worst atrocities of the 20th century, stopping short of her clear statements as Senator in 2008, when she affirmed that, the horrible events perpetrated by the Ottoman Empire against Armenians constitute a clear case of genocide. Prior to her testimony, over 60 Members of the House of Representatives sent a letter to Clinton, asking her to renounce her recent public mischaracterization of the Armenian Genocide. In that letter, Members stated that the historically inaccurate description of the Armenian Genocide as an open question, in addition to the offense it represents to Armenian Americans and other victims of genocide, provides American encouragement to the Republic of Turkey in its shameful campaign of denial.

pasts and work to rebuild bridges of understanding towards a better tomorrow. In support of the President s policy, I continue to urge Armenia and Turkey. Only by working together to address these horrific events can they achieve a full, frank, and just acknowledgment of the facts. In addition to my ongoing dialogue with Armenian and Turkish officials, the United States will continue to support the courageous steps taken by individuals in Armenia and Turkey to foster a dialogue that acknowledges the history they share in common as part of efforts to move forward. It is my belief that their efforts are laying the foundation for a more prosperous and peaceful future for the peoples of both countries and the region as a whole. Sincerely yours, Hillary Rodham Clinton

2012 24 ¾.²äðÆÈ î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

Senators Menendez and Kirk Introduce Senate Genocide Resolution Senators Robert Menendez (DNJ) and Mark Kirk (R-IL) introduced legislation, S.Res.399, today calling upon the U.S. government to properly recognize the Armenian Genocide and to use the lessons of this atrocity to prevent future crimes against humanity, reported the Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA). It is time for the United States to join the nineteen nations including Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and the European Union that have formally recognized the actions carried out by the Ottoman Empire from 1915 to 1923 as genocide, Senator Menendez said. The Armenian Genocide is a historical fact and was one of the incidents upon which the Genocide Convention was predicated. Only by accurately acknowledging the crimes of the past can we ever hope to move forward in a legitimate manner and prevent such human rights crimes from happening in the future. The Armenian Genocide is well-

documented and formally recognized by 11 NATO allies and the European Union. This resolution accurately characterizes the events of 19151923 as a genocide, honors the memory of the victims, and strengthens America s moral leadership on human rights and the prevention of mass atrocities around the world, said a spokesman for Senator Kirk. Joining Senators Menendez and Kirk as original cosponsors of the bipartisan measure were Barbara Boxer (D-CA), Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Human Rights and Chairman of the Senate Environment Committee and Public Works Committee, Michael Bennet (D-CO), Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Carl Levin (D-MI), Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, Joe Lieberman (I-CT), Chairman of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee,

Jack Reed (D-RI), Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower, and Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI), Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism. Senator Chuck Schumer (D-NY), the Vice-Chairman of the Democratic Conference, has also joined S.Res.399 as a cosponsor. We join with Armenians from New Jersey, Illinois, and around the country in thanking Senators Menendez and Kirk for their many years of leadership in pressing for an end to Turkey s gag-rule on American condemnation and commemoration of the Armenian Genocide, said Aram Hamparian, Executive Director of the ANCA. Turkey has no right to hold America hostage to its willful refusal as a state to accept a truthful, just, and comprehensive resolution of this crime against all humanity. Parallel to this effort, Reps. Robert Dold (R-IL) and Adam Schiff (D-CA) have offered a nearly identical

George Clooney, Members of Congress Arrested at ANCA Co-Sponsored Protest The ANCA Actor George was a co-sponsor Clooney, his father, of the protest, along as well as four with Jewish World members of Con­ Watch, Amnesty gress were among International, the those arrested on NAACP, STAND March 16 at a pro­ and a slew of other test in front of the national organiza­ Sudanese Em­ tions. Since July of bassy organized by last year, the ANCA United to End has worked with Genocide and comembers of the sponsored by the International As­ Armenian National sociation of Geno­ Committee of cide Scholars and America, among United to End others. Genocide to raise Also arrested alarm bells re­ for civil disobedi­ the ence were repre­ George Clooney and his father being arrested on g a r d i n g s e n ta t i v e s J i m March 16 during a protest in front of the Sudanese Sudanese Gov­ ernment s attacks M c G o v e r n ( D - Embassy in Washington, DC. against the civilians Mass.), James Moran (D-Va.), John Olver (D-Mass.) and Al of the Nuba mountains urging Congress to Green (D-Texas), as well as Tom Andrews, take immediate action to stop the killing. President of United to End Genocide and John The Sudanese Armed Forces are conduct­ Prendergast of the Enough Project and the ing a campaign of indiscriminate bombing president of the NAACP, Ben Jealous. Also against civilians of the Nuba Mountains and participating in the protest was Martin Luther Blue Nile, causing wide-spread destruction. King III. This combined with the blockade of humani­ We were pleased by the broad public tarian aid has created an urgent humanitarian awareness generated by George Clooney and crisis in the region. all of the participants in today s protest, which The protest began earlier in the morning we were proud to cosponsor with United to with a rally at Sheridan Circle and then moved End Genocide , said ANCA Government Affairs to the Sudanese Embassy, where Clooney, Director Kate Nahapetian. As Americans of who testified earlier this week before the Senate Armenian heritage, who continue to bear wit­ Foreign Relations Committee, discussed his ness to the dangerous precedent set by Tur­ recent trip to the Nuba Mountains. key s still unpunished crimes of genocide and Clooney praised the activism of the local exile against the Armenian nation, we look Nuba Mountain residents who are calling for forward to helping to translate today s energy the immediate arrest of Sudanese president into concrete action by the U.S. and the inter­ national community to stop the killing, punish Omar al-Bashir, who is wanted by the Interna­ the perpetrators and serve justice for the vic­ tional Criminal Court for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide in Darfur. tims. Rep. McGovern has introduced legislation Nahapetian led a group of Armenianthat calls on increasing sanctions on Sudan Americans who joined the more than 100 ac­ tivists to protest the Sudanese government s and engaging countries that have influence on continued blockade of humanitarian aid to the Sudan, among them Turkey. The ANCA will Nuba Mountains and the Blue Nile, where half be launching an online action campaign to a million residents are on the brink of starvation. secure Congressional support for the resolution.

Senators Robert Menendez (R) and Mark Kirk

measure, H.Res.304, in the U.S. House. Senators Scott Brown (RMA), Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), and Mark Kirk have introduced S.Res.392, the Senate version of a religious freedom measure that was adopted last December, in the U.S. House calling upon Turkey to return stolen Christian church properties to their rightful owners. Turkey continues to prosecute

writers, for simply speaking about the Armenian Genocide, and threatens retaliation against countries around the world, including the United States and Armenia, that dare to honor the victims of this crime. Armenian Americans and antigenocide activists are urged to contact their Senators to cosponsor and work for the adoption of this legislation.

Khloe and Lamar Raise Public Awareness About Genocide Armenian Genocide 10th Most-Searched Term on Google after Show Watched by 2.1 Million The internet and social media were abuzz about the Armenian Genocide on March 11 after millions viewed the hit E! Network series Khloe and Lamar, which featured information about the Armenian Genocide from The Genocide Education Project (GenEd) and images and footage of Armenian Youth Federation anti-denial protests by alumni Armen Varadian and Justin Kaladjian. According to Google s published statistics, the term Armenian Genocide was the 10th most-searched term on Sunday, March 11, and continued at an impressive 16th mostsearched term on for most of March 12. More than 2.1 million were reported to have watched the episode, which featured a discussion on the Armenian Genocide and was rated in the top-5 most viewed shows in the 18 to 49 age category for that day. Tweets by Khloe and her sister, Kim Kardashian, earlier in the day about the topic reached well over 13 million followers. Khloe and Lamar informed millions in America and worldwide about the Armenian Genocide yesterday, and The Genocide Education Project was glad to help, said GenEd Executive Director Raffi Momjian. Sadly the failure of the international community to either prevent or punish the Armenian Genocide set a dangerous precedent that paved the way for the Holocaust and genocides in Cambodia, Rwanda and most recently Darfur. The more the public learns about these atrocities and stands up to their ongoing denial the sooner we will see governments worldwide taking real, decisive action to end forever the cycle of genocide. The discussion of the Armenian Genocide focused on whether Khloe Kardashian s husband, NBA Star Lamar Odom, would play basketball in Turkey, a particularly sensitive point given the Kardashian family s pride in their Armenian heritage, and Turkey s legacy as an unrepentant perpetrator of genocide against the Armenian people. In the end, Odom continued to play in the NBA, with the end of

Khloe Kardashian and her husband NBA Star Lamar Odom

the NBA lockout on December 8. E! Network producers reached out to The Genocide Education Project (GenEd), after seeing film footage and photography from an educational video that Varadian and GenEd Education Director Sara Cohan had prepared as part of a human rights curriculum project funded by the Rhode Island Council for the Humanities. The documentary featured photo s of AYF-organized anti-genocide protests in New York and Washington DC taken by Kaladjian, as well as photography and video taken by Varadian in Armenia. We really appreciate the show s interest in learning more about the efforts of young Armenians to raise public awareness of the Armenian Genocide, and are very excited by the fact that this weekend millions of people around the world many for the first time learned about our work for a truthful and just resolution of this terrible crime, said Varadian and Kaladjian, in joint remarks. The AYF has been at the forefront of demanding justice for the Armenian Genocide through protest and politics for over 50 years, said AYF Eastern U.S. Central Executive member Yervant Kachichian. Khloe and Lamar took that message viral this weekend, dealing a powerful blow against genocide denial.

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ARMENIA

by Lusine Musayelian

25

Mining Company to Expand Karabakh Operations

(RFE/RL) In what authorities in Stepanakert say will be Nagorno-Karabakh s largest economic project in a decade, a leading Armenian mining company has officially announced plans to invest about $80 million in developing another copper and molybdenum deposit in the territory. The Kashen deposit in Karabakh s northern Martakert district contains an estimated 17 million tons of rock rich in the two non-ferrous metals. Under an agreement signed recently with the Karabakh government, the Liechtensteinregistered Vallex Group is to launch open-pit mining operations there by 2015, in time for the anticipated depletion of copper and gold reserves located elsewhere in Martakert. A Vallex Group subsidiary called Base Metals has exploited the Drmbon deposit for the past decade, producing some 20,000 tons of ore concentrates per annum. The company currently employs 1,100 people and its taxes account for roughly 17 percent of the budgetary revenues of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. Valeri Mezhlumian, the Vallex Group chairman, said the Kashen project will be more large-scale than the ongoing operations at

Drmbon. We have three years left to exhaust Drmbon s remaining ore reserves, he told journalists at the signing ceremony in Stepanakert. Bako Sahakian, the NKR president, said the project will give a major boost to Karabakh s economic development. His prime minister, Ara Harutiunian, likewise emphasized the project s significance for the small local economy hamstrung by the unresolved Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict. We expect that this project to exploit the Kashen ore deposit will also be a success and contribute to Artsakh s prosperity, said Harutiunian. The mining activities in Martakert are the key reason why the Karabakh Armenians began building last year a second highway that will connect the Armenian-controlled disputed territory with Armenia. The 80kilometer road will run from Martakert to a railway station in eastern Armenia through Kelbajar. Its ongoing construction is reportedly being financed by Vallex Group. Passenger and cargo traffic between Armenia and Karabakh has until now been carried out through a highway going through

Base Metals production facility in Drmbon Lachin. It was built in 1997 with the financial assistance of the Armenian Diaspora and U.S.Armenian billionaire Kirk Kerkorian in particular. The new road will also be used by a recently established coal mine which is also

located in northern Karabakh. A company running the mine is expected to start supplying coal to a thermal power plant in Yerevan later this year.

Russian Mining Firm Plans To Triple Gold Production In Armenia Emil Danielyan (RFE/RL) A Russian company exploiting Armenia s largest gold mines has reported a sharp rise in output last year and pledged to raise production levels further after modernizing its gold smelter in the southern town of Ararat. The GeoProMining group purchased the Ararat Gold Recovery Company, now called GPM Gold, in from Indian investors in 2007. The company, which has exclusive rights to the massive gold deposits at Sotk, eastern Armenia, stood idle at the time. Large-scale production operations there resumed only in 2010. In an interview with the Regnum news agency, the GeoProMining chairman, Roman Khudoliy, said GPM Gold nearly doubled gold production to 40,000 ounces last year. He said it plans to smelt 120,000 ounces of gold next year. Khudoliy added that the Russian group will make $200 million in additional capital investments in its Armenian subsidiary for that

purpose. He said the bulk of them will be channeled in the ongoing capital reconstruction of the Ararat smelter built in Soviet times. The plant s modernization is due to be completed in 2013. Government statistics confirm a significant increase in gold production by GPM Gold and several other firms mining gold in smaller deposits elsewhere in Armenia. According to the Customs Service, Armenian gold exports rose, in physical terms, by 62 percent to over 1.6 tons in January-September 2011. The National Statistical Service (NSS) reported last month that total export revenue from precious metals and gem diamonds was up by as much as 46 percent percent, at over $196.4 million, in 2011. The Armenian gold mining industry, dominated by foreign investors, has greatly benefited from the current record-high prices of gold in the global markets. Despite rising production volumes and earnings, GeoProMining has had a rather bumpy ride in Armenia. In November 2010,

the Armenian parliament s Audit Chamber urged the government to revoke the company s operating licenses for what it called mismanagement and serious legal violations. In particular, it claimed that the Russians 2008 licensing agreement with the Armenian Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources was signed in violation of the country s mining legislation and regulations. GeoProMining rejected the accusations and said it will take the parliamentary body to court. But with the Armenian government essentially ignoring the Audit Chamber s recommendations, the scandal seems to have been laid to rest. GPM Gold has also been at odds with Armenian environment protection groups. They cried foul last year after company began building a gold ore crusher at Sotk, not far from the ecologically vital Lake Sevan. Armenian law bans any manufacturing activity involving toxic emissions in the vicinity of Sevan. On the whole, it is comfortable to do

Gold mines at Sotk

business in Armenia, Khudoliy told Regnum. Armenia s mining industry has a great potential for development. GeoProMining also owns another Armenian company that mines copper and molybdenum in the southeastern Syunik province. It also has extensive interests in neighboring Georgia s mining sector.

Hayastan Reconstructed Shushi Education and Cultural Centre to Open on May 25 All-Armenian Fund turns 20

The reconstruction of the Education and Cultural Centre of Shushi, the current project of the Toronto chapter of the Hayastan AllArmenian Fund is about to come to completion. In a joint project with the Artsakh government, the Toronto chapter undertook to build the classrooms for ballet, arts and crafts, traditional music instruments, play rehearsal, the puppet theatre and the exhibition gallery, and the government is building the auditorium

and the general surroundings of the overall edifice. The official opening of the project, financed by Toronto, will take place on May 25. The cost of Toronto s portion of this project was $450,000, of which $375,000 has already been raised and sent. It is expected that the balance of $75,000 will be raised before and during the annual banquet in June.

This year the Hayastan All-Armenian Fund is celebrating its 20th anniversary. Throughout the past two decades, the work of the fund has been inextricably linked to the emergence and growth of independent Armenia. The fund s 20th anniversary is a symbol of Armenian unity and the worldwide Armenian community s boundless dedication to the development of a strong, dynamic, and prosperous homeland. In the course of the past 20 years, the Hayastan All-Armenian Fund has carried out a long string of crucial projects including roads, schools, hospitals, water networks, and gas pipelines, helping breathe new life into numerous villages, towns, and cities across Armenia and Artsakh. The launch of the Hayastan All-Armenian Fund was an expression of unconditional support for Armenian statehood and the vision of national excellence. Today the fund remains as ever loyal to its mission as it continues to have an integral role in the burgeoning of the Armenian homeland.. During the past two decades, the Hayastan All-Armenian Fund has implemented a wide range of development projects, worth a total of close to $235 million, throughout Armenia

and Artsakh. These projects include: -476 kilometers of roads -281 kilometers of water lines -144 kilometers of gas lines -230 schools and kindergartens -424 residences -40 hospitals and medical clinics -24 cultural centers and sports facilities and 85 educational, cultural, and scientific programs.

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2012 26 ¾.²äðÆÈ î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

by Alan Whitehorn

ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

Introductory Books on the Armenian Genocide Politics, Prose and Poetry

As we ap­ proach the 100th memorial year of the 1915 statesponsored mass slaughter of Arme­ nians in the Otto­ man Empire, Ar­ menians all over the world will be re­ flecting in an ever more somber fash­ ion about the deadly fate of so many ancestors. As Armenians continue to seek to fully under­ stand the causes for the horrific crime of geno­ cide, non-Armenians will also become more aware of the Genocide. With far less back­ ground on the history and the region, many will inevitably ask their Armenian friends and colleagues: Which are the most helpful intro­ ductory books on the Armenian Genocide? . This is not always an easy question to answer, but as we approach 2015, it becomes an in­ creasingly pressing and germane question. This is not only so for non-Armenians, but even for a younger generation of diaspora Armenians. Five quite different books come to mind as suggestions:

Facing History, Crimes Against Humanity and Civilization: The Genocide of the Armenians

(Brookline, Massa­ chusetts, 2004, 198 pages) (Also avail­ able in electronic format from

www.facinghistory.org. Facing History, based in Brookline Mas­ sachusetts, is the pre-eminent educational organization preparing high school instructors on how to teach about difficult topics such as the Holocaust, genocide, racism and intoler­ ance and how to foster human rights and democracy. The book s title reminds us of the birth in May 1915 of the international legal concept of crimes against humanity . The important new term was used to describe the Young Turk deportations and massacres of Armenians. This book is used extensively in both Facing History teacher workshops and by high school classes on genocide in Canada and the United States. The book explores the psychological and historical factors that gave rise to genocide and its devastating consequences. The book is quite effective and well tested in the class­ room. It is broken up into 47 smaller manage­ able sections, with good use of pictures, maps, posters, background information boxes and, at the end of each chapter, thoughtful discus­ sion questions. The topic of genocide is an extremely difficult emotional and intellectual journey to travel in a single volume; hence the attraction of breaking down the complex subject matter into more manageable steps. While intended for a senior high school audience, this is a well-crafted and balanced volume that would be an excellent introduction for any adult. I continue to use the book with high school classes. Particularly useful for teachers, an electronic version can also be downloaded from the Facing History website.

Peter Balakian, The Burning Tigris: The Armenian Genocide and America s Re­ sponse (New York, Harper Collins, 2003, 475 pages). Peter Balakian is a well-known ArmenianAmerican poet, academic and political history author. Known primarily for three books on the Armenian Genocide (Black Dog of Fate (1997), The Burning Tigris (2003) and Armenian Golgotha (2009), the latter by his great uncle

Grigoris Balakian), Peter is a highprofile public figure who speaks elo­ quently on the Genocide. Reflecting his literary training, the writing in The Burning Tigris is poignant and pro­ foundly moving. Many American readers have been influenced by this volume. Balakian divides the book into four major sections, commencing with the 1890s Hamidian Massacres and subsequent Ameri­ can humanitarian relief efforts. The next section describes the Young Turks violent revolutionary seizure of power and the impact of World War I which hastened the draconian sense of ur­ gency, growing state secrecy and centralized coercive planning for genocide. The heroic efforts of international witnesses such as Amer­ ican Ambassador Henry Morgenthau, other diplomatic staff and missionaries are described in the next section. The final portion notes the seemingly doomed efforts of Woodrow Wilson for a more just post-war world and the prece­ dent-setting, but largely ineffective Ottoman Courts-Martial in Constantinople. The epilogue deals with the problem of continued Turkish government genocide denial and American complicity in this. The book is accompanied by a substantial collection of heart-wrenching black and white photographs. While other more detailed scholarly works by Vahakn Dadrian, Richard Hovannisian and Taner Akcam are available on the Armenian Genocide, The Burning Tigris offers a very readable narrative and can serve as an effec­ tive introductory volume for non-Armenian readers. It is readily available at many book­ stores. Taner Akcam, A

Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Re­ sponsibility (New

York, Metropolitan Books, 2006, 483 pages) Taner Akcam is the leading Turkish scholar writing on the Armenian Genocide. He is a remarkably brave academic who has pioneered in the use of extensive Ottoman and German archival sources and offered innovative themes. As a professor of History, he currently occupies the Kaloosdian/Mugar Chair in Armenian Geno­ cide Studies at Clark University. Most recently, he has co-authored with Vahakn Dadrian the pioneering volume Judgment at Istanbul: The Armenian Genocide Trials. The title A Shameful Act is taken from a critical comment by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk about the treatment of the Armenians during WW I. Akcam s book commences with the challenges facing the crumbling Ottoman Em­ pire and the bleak and bloody fate of its nonMuslim population as the multinational Empire is radically transformed into a nationalist Turkish Republic. The Empire s loss of its Balkan lands was a traumatic shock that unleashed a wave of desperate and angry Muslim refugees. Under the conditions of war, the Armenian question took on an urgent and dramatic turn. Akcam s focus is on the centralized deci­ sion-making of the revolutionary Young Turk ruling elite and their draconian decision to commit genocide. The documentary evidence offered is impressive, with a great amount from Turkish primary sources. It is meticulous schol­

arship updated from a book Akcam originally published in Turkish in Ankara in 1999. Despite the enormous number of footnotes, this English translation is well-written and is an important volume on the Armenian Genocide. The Turkish language version has already had a major impact in Turkey. Given the focus on the Turkish politicalmilitary decision-making elite and its genocidal decisions, there is at times less descriptive account about the enormous suffering of the Armenians. That was not the primary purpose of this volume. The goal was to document Turkish malevolent intent, planning and respon­ sibility. This volume achieves that educational goal resoundingly. That said, it does raise a question that often arises in books on genocide. To under­ stand why such terrible events occur, we must look at the causes. Hence we need to analyze the perceptions, motives, plans and deeds of the people who commit genocide. However, above all we need to understand what the victims experienced and the enormous impact of genocide, both in the past and ongoing. To understand the cause of genocide we must study the perpetrators, but to really compre­ hend what genocide involves, we must first and foremost listen to the voices and words of the victims. As brave and pioneering as Akcam is as a scholar, his volume seems more suited as a second, more advanced book to read, not as an introductory account of the Armenian Genocide. That said, this is probably the best book for a Turkish audience to read.

Robert Melson, Revolution and Genocide: On the Origins of the Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust

(Chicago, Univer­ sity of Chicago Press, 1992, 363 pages) Robert Mel­ son, a survivor of the Holocaust, is an illustrious, pio­ neering genocide scholar. He was a distin­ guished professor of political science and codirector of Jewish Studies Program at Purdue University. His book was an early major contribution to the literature on the Armenian Genocide and is still highly cited in academic circles. It is an impressive comparative volume which looks in depth at both the Holocaust of World War II and the Armenian Genocide of World War I. This is a remarkable volume with exten­ sive documentation, a powerful analytical framework, and a wonderfully effective writing style, that is no doubt enhanced by his personal experiences as a child having fled genocide. The book is divided into three major his­ torical sections. The first explores the back­ ground and conditions in the pre-revolutionary ancien regime of the Ottoman Empire and Imperial Germany. The second section docu­ ments the violent revolutionary goals and ideology of the Young Turk and Nazi parties. The concluding section compares the similar­ ities and differences between the Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust and explores the ruthlessly ambitious and violent nature of rev­ olutionary genocidal regimes. Chapter #8 is often reprinted justifiably in edited genocide collections. It is one of the best comparative summaries in existence of the two genocides. While the book is analytically comparative, the format proceeds with one chapter on the desperate plight of Armenians, followed by one on the deadly fate of so many Jews. Due to the strong analytical framework employed, the reader is successfully pulled along in the twinning of the case studies. The Holocaust

is the most known genocide and the compar­ ison, both of similarities and differences, with the Armenian Genocide is quite instructive, even for an advanced reader. This is a book that I have often used as one of the core texts in my university classes on genocide. Melson s book was praised by my students. If I were to strongly recommend only one book for Armenians to read on the 1915 genocide, this would probably be the volume I would select. Part of the reason for this is that I have found that too often Armenians lack a sufficient theoretical understanding of the common features and dynamics of geno­ cide in general. And too frequently they also display a woeful lack of sufficient knowledge of other genocides. This is the book that can address such gaps and deficiencies. It is also a powerfully effective volume for nonArmenians to learn about the terrible sequence of events of 1915.

Peter Balakian, Black Dog of Fate: A Memoir (New York, Broadway, 1997, 292 pages) (New York, Basic Books, 2009, 357 pages)

Balakian s Black Dog of Fate is an earlier and quite different vol­ ume than his political history The Burning Tigris. Instead Black Dog of Fate is more a personal odyssey in which he discovers insights into his family history. It begins with Peter growing up seemingly as a typical sportsdevoted American teenager, but gradually layers of the extended family history are pealed back to reveal the horrific suffering of the Armenian people and the need of the survivors to bear witness. The family autobiography increasingly travels back in time to his family s roots in the Ottoman Empire and the terrible turmoil of 1915. This personal memoir probes beneath the surface of a peaceful ordinary life in New Jersey suburbia to reveal the almost hidden, but powerful memories of genocide. Vast numbers like one and a half million are exceedingly difficult to comprehend and can be numbing for the outsider. But personal family accounts can be profoundly moving and extremely effective in communicating to the reader the emotional magnitude of the losses involved in genocide. Black Dog of Fate had a major impact on many non-Armenians and young Diaspora Armenians. It received a glow­ ing New York Times recommendation and was reprinted in an expanded anniversary edition just over a decade later. It remains a classic introductory paperback on the 1915 Genocide. For a young teenage reader, it is an ideal book. For others, it can be a nostalgic and quite moving account about an adolescent coming of age and acquiring adult insight into one of the major genocides of the 20th century. It is a memoir about a land of immigrants, with so many heart-wrenching stories of what their ancestors have endured. We should learn and remember. We all need to better learn and understand. These five books can provide a helpful intro­ duction to this profoundly painful, but crucial topic. If on April 24, each Armenian family would give a copy of one of these books to a colleague, friend, public or school library, more people would have a better chance to know and begin to understand how 1915 has defined so much of the Armenian nation. *Alan Whitehorn is author of a number of books on the Armenian Genocide, including Just Poems: Reflections on the Armenian Genocide.

²äðÆÈ 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

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ø³ó³ËÇÝ ú·ï³Ï³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ î³ñ³Íáõ³Í ѳÙá½áõÙ ¿, áñ ù³ó³ËÁ Ù»Í û·áõï áõÝÇ: ²ÝÇϳ Ï »ñϳñ¿ Ï»³ÝùÁ, ÏÁ ½ûñ³óÝ¿ ÛÇßáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ, ÏÁ Ù»ÕÙ³óÝ¿ áñáß ï»ë³ÏÇ ó³õ»ñ, ÏÁ Ýå³ëï¿ »ñϳÃÇ »õ ÏÇñÇ Çõñ³óÙ³ÝÁ Ù»ñ Ù³ñÙÝÇÝ Ù¿ç: γñ· ÙÁ áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ÏÁ ѳëï³ï»Ý, áñ ù³ó³ËÁ, Û³ïϳå¿ë ËÝÓáñÇÝÁ, ÏÁ ÝÇѳñóÝ¿ »õ ÏÁ Ýå³ëï¿ Ù³ñëáÕáõû³Ý: êïáñ»õª ù³ó³ËÇÝ Ï³ñ· ÙÁ ·áñͳÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ. - ºÃ¿ Ù³½»ñáõÝ ÷³ÛÉù »õ ³éáÕç ï»ëù Ï°áõ½¿ù ï³É, ·ÉáõËÁ Éáõ³É¿ »ïù Ù³½»ñÁ óûÕáõ»ó¿ù 2 µ³Å³Ï çáõñÇ »õ Ï¿ë ·³õ³Ã ËÝÓáñÇ ù³ó³ËÇ ÉáõÍáÛÃáí: - ºÃ¿ Ûá·Ý³Í ÏÁ ½·³ù, 1 µ³Å³Ï çáõñÇ Ù¿ç ÉáõÍ»É 1 ÿÛÇ ¹·³É Ù»Õñ »õ Ï¿ë ·³õ³Ã ËÝÓáñÇ ù³ó³Ë: ÊÙ»É ûñÁ 2 µ³Å³Ï, ×³ß¿Ý Å³Ù ÙÁ ³é³ç: - ÎáÏáñ¹Ç ó³õÇ »õ ·ñ·éáõ³Íáõû³Ý å³ñ³·³ÛÇÝ 1 ³åáõñÇ ¹·³É ËÝÓáñÇ ù³ó³Ëáí áÕáÕ»É µ»ñ³ÝÝ áõ ÏáÏáñ¹Á: - Úá·Ý³Í, ϳñÙñ³Í »õ ó³õáÕ áïù»ñáõ ѳٳñ ãÏ³Û ³õ»ÉÇ É³õ µ³Ý, ù³Ý` ï³ù ù³ó³ËÇ Éá·³ÝùÁ: î³ßïÇÝ Ù¿ç

·³Õç çáõñ, Ù¿Ï ³÷ ù³ñ³Õ áõ Ù¿Ï ·³õ³Ã ËÝÓáñÇ ù³ó³Ë É»óÝ»É »õ ³Û¹ ˳éÝáõñ¹ÇÝ Ù¿ç ³éÝáõ³½Ý Ï¿ë ų٠ѳݷëï³óÝ»É áïù»ñÁ: - ØÇç³ïÇ Ë³ÛÃáõ³ÍùÇ ÃáÛÝÁ 㿽áù³óÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ˳ÛÃáõ³Í Ù³ëÇÝ íñ³Û ù³ó³Ëáí Ãñçáó ¹ñ¿ù, »õ ß³ï ßáõï ù³ó³ËÁ ÏÁ 㿽áù³óÝ¿ ÃáÛÝÁ: - î³ñÇùÇ µ»ñٳٵ Ó»éù»ñáõÝ íñ³Û Û³ÛïÝáõ³Í ëñ׳·áÛÝ ³ñ³ïÝ»ñÁ ϯ³ÝÑ»ï³Ý³Ý, »Ã¿ ³Ù¿Ý ûñ Ó»éù»ñÁ ß÷¿ù ù³ó³ËÇ Ù¿ç óÃËáõ³Í ÏÇëáõ³Í ëáËáí: - лñ³Ã³÷Ù³Ý »õ û÷áïÙ³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï, ·ÉËáõÝ ÙáñÃÁ ß÷»ó¿ù ù³ó³ËÇ Ù¿ç Ãñçáõ³Í µ³Ùå³Ïáí: - ¼³Ý³½³Ý ÙáñóÛÇÝ, »ÕáõÝ·Ý»ñáõ ëÝϳÛÇÝ ÑÇõ³Ý¹áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ûñÁ 6 ³Ý·³Ù ³Ëï³Ñ³ñáõ³Í Ù³ë»ñáõÝ ùë»ó¿ù ËÝÓáñÇ ù³ó³Ë: - سñÙÝÇÝ ¹ÇÙ³¹ñáճϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»Éáõ »õ ½·³ÛÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ýáõ³½»óÝ»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí ûñ³Ï³Ý, ³é³õûï»³Ý ËÙ»ó¿ù Ù¿Ï ·³õ³Ã çáõñ` 2 ÿÛÇ ¹·³É ËÝÓáñÇ ù³ó³Ëáí:

²äðÆÈ 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

29

JOB OPENING Armenian Community Centre Toronto

Newly Renovated Armenian Community Centre Has 2 Openings In The Following Positions:

Manager

To run day to day operations of the Centre

Catering Contractor

To lease the banquet hall, cafeteria and restaurant of the Centre Interested parties please contact ACC at: armeniancommunitycentrejobs@gmail.com

see the answers reversed in this page

ºéûñ»³Û Þñç³åïáÛï

Armenian Community Centre 45 Hallcross Place Willowdale, ON M2J 4Y4

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Mont Tremblant »õ

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Paruir Sevak s ... country to another. HOME IMPROVEMENT

RENOVATE IMPROVE CHANGE Parseh Margarosyan

60 Deerbrook Trl., Toronto Direct: 647-224-6668 Res.: 416-491-6668 parma@sympatico.ca

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from page 21

Q - Soon the Czech reader will encounter your book. Would you like to say something to him? PS - First of all I would like very much for your readers to know how much an entire nation, Armenians, likes and feels indebted to Ludmilla Motalova, because of whom Armenian literature today resounds in Czechoslovakia. Coming to Czechoslovakia and in general the Czech and Slovak people, with all my heart, as brother can wish to brother, I wish them good fortune, happiness, and the best future. *Translator's Note: This had been a faithful translation of an Armenian text at Hovik Charkchyan's Blog http://hovikcharkhchyan.wordpress.com (accessed in January 2012).

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2012 30¾.²äðÆÈ î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

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July 6-7-8, 2012

New singer line-up

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²äðÆÈ 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78

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2012 32 ¾.²äðÆÈ î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 78