TorontoHye Newspaper Volume 6, #11-70 - August 2011

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ÂáõñùÇáÛ øñÇëïáÝ»³Û öáùñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ýó Æñ³õ³Ýó ´³Ý³Ó»õÁ ì³õ»ñ³óáõ»ó³õ ÚáõÉÇë 20-ÇÝ, Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ Ü»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñáõ î³Ý ²ñï³ùÇÝ Ú³ñ³µ»ñáõû³Ý Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÁ, ³ï»Ý³å»ïáõû³Ùµ Æɻݳ èáë È»ÑÃÇÝÁÝÇ, ùÝÝ»ó Ùûï³õáñ³å¿ë ³ÙÇë ÙÁ ³é³ç øáÝÏñ¿ëÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõ³Í ³ÛÝ µ³Ý³Ó»õÁ, áñ Ï°³éÝãáõÇ ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ù¿ç ùñÇëïáÝ»³Û ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ýóª ѳۻñáõ, ÛáÛÝ»ñáõ, ³ëáñÇÝ»ñáõ, åáÝïáëóÇÝ»ñáõ, ëñdzÝÇÝ»ñáõ »õ ³ÛÉáó, å³ïϳÝáÕ »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñáõ, »Ï»Õ»ó³Ï³Ý ϳÉáõ³ÍÝ»ñáõ »õ ëï³óáõ³ÍùÝ»ñáõÝ í»ñ³¹³ñÓÇÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ý ÏñûÝ³Ï³Ý ³½³ïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ³å³ÑáíÙ³Ý: ´³Ý³Ó»õÁ, áñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³Ñ»ÕÇݳÏÝ»ñÝ »Ý Ü»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñáõ ï³Ý ²ñï³ùÇÝ Û³ñ³µ»ñáõû³Ýó Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ µ³ñÓñ³ëïÇ×³Ý ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñ ¾ï èáÛë (Ð., ø³ÉÇýáñÝdz) »õ гáõÁñï äÁñÙÁÝ (¸., ø³ÉÇýáñÝdz), Ý»ñϳ۳óáõ»ó³õ ǵñ»õ ³ÛÉ µ³Ý³Ó»õÇ ÙÁ Û³õ»Éáõ³Í: ´³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ ùÝݳñÏÙ³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ Ïáã »Õ³õ ÂáõñùÇáÛ Çß˳ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ, áñ Û³ñ·»Ý Çñ»Ýó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ å³ñï³õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »õ ³ñïûÝáõÃÇõÝ ï³Ý ÏñûÝ³Ï³Ý ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ýó, áñ ³½³ïûñ¿Ý ϳï³ñ»Ý Çñ»Ýó å³ßï³ÙáõÝùÝ»ñÁ, ݳ»õ í»ñç ï³Ý ÏñûÝ³Ï³Ý ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ýó ѳɳͳÝùÝ»ñáõÝ: Þ»ßïáõ»ó³õ, ÿ áïݳÏáËáõÙÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÇÝ »õ ³õ»Éóáõ»ó³õ, ÿ ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ å¿ïù ¿ Çñ³õáõÝù áõÝ»Ý³Ý Ýáñá·»Éáõ Çñ»Ýó å³ßï³ÙáõÝùÇ í³Ûñ»ñÁ áõ í»ñ³ïÇñ³Ý³Éáõ ³ÝáÝó: äÁñÙÁÝ Ï³ï³ñ»ó ùÝݳñÏÙ³Ý µ³óáõÙÁ »õ ÇñÙ¿ »ïù »ÉáÛà áõÝ»ó³Í ùáÝÏñ¿ë³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ äÇÉÇñ³ùÇë, ÞÁñÙÁÝ, èáÛë, øáÉÇÝ, î³ÝùÁÝ, ¾ÝÏÁÉ, ØÇùë, ¾ùÁñÙ»Ý, êÙÇà »õ ø³ñÁÝÑ»Ý: èáñå³ùÁñ åݹ»ó, ÿ Âáõñùdz ßñç³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç §³Ù»Ý³³½³ï¦ »ñÏÇñÝ ¿ »õ ѳñó ïáõ³õ, ÿ ÇÝãá±õ å¿ïù ¿ ³Ûë µ³Ý³Ó»õÁ, »ñµ ÇëÉ³Ù³Ï³Ý ³ÛÉ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ ¹¿Ù ÝÙ³Ý ù³ÛÉ»ñ ã»Ý ³éÝáõÇñ: Àëï ³Ýáñ, §»ñÏáõ ã³÷-»ñÏáõ ÏßÇé ϳۦ ÂáõñùÇáÛ ¹¿Ù, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³õ»Éóáõó, ÿ µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ Ç Ýå³ëï åÇïÇ ùáõ¿³ñÏ¿: äÁñÙÁÝ åݹ»ó, ÿ Âáõñùdz ³ñ¹Ç »ñÏÇñ ÙÁÝ ¿, ë³Ï³ÛÝ »ï ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û ÏñûÝ³Ï³Ý ³½³ïáõû³Ý Ù³ñ½ÇÝ Ù¿ç: öû »õë ѳٳӳÛÝ ·ïÝáõ»ó³õ èáñå³ùÁñÇÝ, ó³õ Û³ÛïÝ»Éáí, áñ àõ³ßÇÝÏÃÁÝ Û³×³Ë ³õ»ÉÇ ËÇëï ϯÁÉÉ³Û Çñ ¹³Ý³ÏÇóÝ»ñáõÝ Ýϳïٳٵ: ¸ñ³Ï³Ý Ýϳïáõ»ó³õ ³ÛÝ ÇñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ, áñ ÂáõñùÇáÛ í»ñçÇÝ ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³ÙÝ ÁÉɳÉáí ùñÇëïáÝ»³Û ÙÁ »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý ÁÝïñáõ³Í ¿, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ¾ÝÏÁÉ ó³õ Û³ÛïÝ»ó, áñ Âáõñùdz ëÏë³Í ¿ ûñ³Ý³Éáõ Çñ å³ñï³Ï³Ýáõû³Ýó Ù¿ç, ǵñ»õ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ¹³ßݳÏÇó, »õ ëÏë³Í ¿ Ñ»é³Ý³É ݳ»õ ºõñáå³Ï³Ý ØÇáõûݿÝ: øÝݳñÏáõÙ¿Ý »ïù ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í ùáõ¿³ñÏáõû³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ, µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ Ç Ýå³ëï ùáõ¿³ñÏ»óÇÝ 43 ùáÝÏñ¿ë³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ, ÇëÏ ³Ýáñ ¹¿Ùª ÙdzÛÝ Ù¿Ï, ³å³Ñáí»Éáí µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ í³õ»ñ³óáõÙÁ: »ùë³ë¿Ý ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý è³Ý öûÉ ÙdzÏÝ ¿ñ, áñ ¹¿Ù ùáõ¿³ñÏ»ó:

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¸ÇÙáõÙÝ»ñÁ ϳï³ñ»É Ïó»Éáí' cover letter, curriculum vitae, transcript of records (2010-2011), and a short essay. سÝñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ýó ѳٳñ ¹ÇÙ»É' ÐÇÉï³ ÊáõñÇ, E-Mail: hilda@internationalsafety.com êáݳ ê³ñ·Çë»³Ý E-Mail: sonia.sarkissian@hotmail.com »õ í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ»É ÙÇÝã»õ ê»åï»Ùµ»ñ 30, 2011

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ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³Ó³Ûݳ·Çñáí ÏÁ ݳ˳ï»ëáõÇ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ Ù¿ç ÑÇÙÝ»É àõéáõó³ù³µ³Ýáõû³Ý Ï»¹ñáÝ ÙÁ, áñ µ³Õϳó³Í åÇïÇ ÁÉÉ³Û é³ïÇû-³Û½áÃá÷Ý»ñáõ ³ñï³¹ñáõû³Ý ѳٳÉÇñ¿, ³ñ¹Ç³Ï³Ý ³ËïáñáßÇã Ï»¹ñáÝ¿ »õ áõéáõóù³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ¹³ñٳݳïáõÝ¿: ÂáÙ³ë ÈÇõå»ù Ýß³Í ¿, áñ ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ »É»õÙï³Ï³Ý ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ Ï°³ç³ÏóÇ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ýª ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý µ³ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñáõ ѳñóáí: Üß»Ýù, áñ г۳ëï³ÝÁ ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ »É»õÙï³Ï³Ý ÁÝÏ»ñ³Ïóáõû³Ý ³Ý¹³Ù ¿ 1995-¿Ý Ç í»ñ: ØÇÝã ûñë, ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ ϳï³ñ³Í ¿ 147 ÙÇÉÇáÝ ïáɳñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñÅ¿ù Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙª Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»Éáí ßáõñç 28 Íñ³·Çñ »É»õÙï³Ï³Ý ßáõϳݻñáõ, ³ñï³¹ñáõû³Ý »õ ѳÝù³ñ¹Çõݳµ»ñáõû³Ý áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç:

RBC Royal Bank

Khoren Mardoyan Mobile Mortgage Specialist Royal Bank of Canada Tel: 647-980-9449 Fax: 416-289-0352

When it comes to your mortgage, it is important to make sure you get the home you really want with flexible financing solutions that are right for you.

khoren.mardoyan@rbc.com mortgage.rbc.com/khoren.mardoyan

Your new home doesn t come with mortgage advice

I do

I speak English, Russian, Armenian, French

§àëÏ¿ ÌÇñ³Ý¦ 8-ñ¹ ÷³é³ïûÝÇ ÷³ÏÙ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹ÇëáõÃ»Ý¿Ý å³ïÏ»ñ ÙÁ: Þ³ñųå³ïÏ»ñÇ ùÝݳ¹³ïÝ»ñáõ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû³Ý ¹³ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½ÙÇ Ùñó³Ý³Ï ëï³ó³Í ¿ ¾åñ³ÑÇÙ ê³ÛÇïÇÇ` §Ø³Ýïáõ¦ ųå³õ¿ÝÁ, ÇëÏ ¾ùáõÙ»ÝÇù ϳ٠»Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñáõ ³ÝÏ³Ë ¹³ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½ÙÇ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÁ Û³ÝÓÝáõ³Í ¿ øáéÝ»É Î»áñÏǹ³ÛÇ` §ºõñáåáÉÇë¦ Å³å³õ¿ÝÇÝ: Ðñ³Ý¹ سûõá뻳ÝÇ ³Ýáõ³Ý Û³ïáõÏ Ùñó³Ý³Ï ßÝáñÑáõ³Í ¿ ¾ÙÇÉ ØÏñï㻳ÝÇ` §îÇ»½»ñ³Ý³õÁ¦ ųå³õ¿ÝÇÝ: ´ñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý ËáñÑáõñ¹Ç ë³ÑÙ³Ý³Í Ùñó³Ý³ÏÁ ëï³ó³Í ¿ Ú³ñáõà ޳ïáÛ»³ÝÇ` §´»éÝ»Éáí Ï»³Ýùë¦ Å³å³õ¿ÝÁ: ÜáÛÝ Å³å³õ¿ÝÁ ³ñųݳó³Í ¿ ݳ»õ §Üáõ³ñ¹¦ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ: г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ß³ñųÝϳñÇ ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛÇÝ Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Û»³óù Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ ³ñųݳó³Í ¿ ö³áõɳ سñùáíÇãÇ

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ÐÐ ë÷ÛáõéùÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ Ðñ³Ýáõß Ú³Ïáµ»³ÝÇ å³ï·³ÙÁ Ýáñ³åë³Ï ½áÛ·ÇÝ:

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® ܳ Çñ Ñá·áõÙ Ý»ñ¹³ßݳϻó ²ëÇ³Ý áõ ºõñáå³Ý, ²ñ»õ»ÉùÝ áõ ²ñ»õÙáõïùÁ, ÑáÕÝ áõ Ñá·ÇÝ, ѳëÏÇ ßÝáñѳÉÇ ËáݳñÑáõÃÇõÝÁ, »õ É»éݳÛÇÝ ·»ïÇ ³Ýϳճå³ñ ÁÙµáëïáõÃÇõÝÁ: ܳ Çñ ÷áùñÇÏ, ëñï³ã³÷ ë»Ý»³ÏáõÙ Ñ»éáõÝ»ñÇó µ»ñ»ó - µÝ³Ï»óñ»ó ³ß˳ñÑÇ ËáñÑáÕ Ù»Í»ñÇÝ, ¹³ñÓ³õ Ýñ³Ýó óñ·Ù³ÝÝ áõ ËÝϳñÏáõÝ, ÇëÏ »ñµ ·Ý³ó ³ß˳ñÑÇ Ñ»éáõÝ»ñÁ` Çñ»Ýáí ï³ñ³õ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»ó г۳ëï³ÝÁ` Çñ åÇåÉÇ°³Ï³Ý ÇÙ³ëïáõû³Ùµ áõ Ù³ÝáõÏ »ñ³½³ÝùÝ»ñáí: êÆÈì² Î²äàôîÆκ²Ü

Ø»ñ ë»ñÝ¹Ç µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍÝ»ñÇ Ù¿ç ³Ù¿ÝÇó Ïñïë»ñÝ ¿ñ ݳ, µ³Ûó ³õ³·³·áÛÝÝ ¿ñ í³ëï³ÏÇ »õ ѳÝ׳ñÇ ³éáõÙáí® ¸»é ³å³·³Ý ¿ ä³ñáÛñ ê»õ³ÏÁ: ¶ñ³õáñ ê»õ³ÏÇ ï»ÕÁ ó÷áõñ ãÇ ÙݳÉáõ, ¹»é ß³ï åÇïÇ Ù»Í³Ý³Û ³Û¹ ï»ÕÁ: Ø»ñ å³ñïùÝ ¿ Ù³ëáõÝù ³é Ù³ëáõÝù ѳõ³ù»É, ³ÙµáÕç³óÝ»É ³Ý·Çñ ê»õ³ÏÇ ³éûñ¿³Ï³Ý »õ ³ëïáõ³Í³ÛÇÝ

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Armenian Cause 2.0: What a Way to Start off the Summer! by Araz Hasserjian From June 24 to 27, I was lucky enough to attend the Armenian National Committee of America s (ANCA) Armenian Cause 2.0 Leadership Conference. As one of the five Leo Sarkisian interns working at the ANCA office this summer, I also had the pleasure of working behind the scenes and helping coordinate some of the activities for our more than 200 guests. My fellow interns and I arrived less than a week before the conference (talk about being thrown right into the fire!). The ANCA team had already been working on this endeavour for months prior to our arrival, and on our first day at the office, we were briefed and put directly to work. The schedule was jam-packed with educational lectures, enlightening discussions and events to mingle with fellow attendees and we were going to be involved every step of the way. I must note that I was excited about the conference well before I arrived in Washington, DC. I had heard about the conference and had planned on attending before I had even applied for the LSI summer internship program. I was intrigued by the progressive topics that were being highlighted during the conference as well as the all-star line-up of speakers who were going to impart their expert knowledge. My excitement only multiplied when I found out I was going to be interning for the ANCA during the conference. The days leading up to the conference involved late nights, a little bit of last minute scrambling, and plenty of eager anticipation. A few attendees who arrived in DC earlier in the week trickled into the office and provided some much needed bursts of energy as the event drew closer. The weekend started off with a dual reception on Friday night: with a capacity attendance, half of our guests were lucky enough to enjoy a reception at the W hotel, while the rest of our guests were even luckier to enjoy a reception at the ANCA headquarters. It was overwhelming to see the ANCA offices filled to capacity with our community leaders

and our enthusiastic youth from across North America. At the end of the night, the group was still buzzing and they ended the party with an impromptu sing-along of a medley of Armenian songs in the stairwell. The conference officially kicked off early the next morning and conference goers were able to delve right into the topics being presented. We were able to discuss contemporary issues surrounding our Cause, like the idea of reparations, and what the 2012 US election will mean for Armenian Americans. However, one of the most unique topics that everyone seemed to be most fascinated by was the use of social networking to further the Armenian Cause. In this brand new age of social media, there are many tools that weren t available just a few years ago, and most everyone at the conference was excited to learn how to use social media to further the Cause in their daily lives. With ANCA being a grassroots organization, it is this kind of grassroots power that usually provides us the biggest push and it was fantastic that people were prepared to use what they were being taught right away. At times, the interest of attendees was overwhelming, especially during the keynote address by Politico s National Politics Editor, Charles Mahtesian. It was obvious that they were curious, and wanting to learn how to be smart and more efficient advocates for our Cause. The crowd was getting engaged and asking important questions, taking advantage of the opportunity to speak with some of the great presenters ANCA had been able to secure for the event. It was also excellent that people were able to engage with one another: after all, a conference about social networking should be able to provide some terrific opportunities to network and socialize on a face-to-face level as well. There was a great afternoon trip to Woodrow Wilson s former residence, which was an amazing chance to visit the home of the man who drew the map of Armenia

ANCA Leo Sarkisian interns with Dr. Jermaine McCalpin at Armenian Cause 2.0. From (L to R): Araz Hasserjian, Armine Sargsyan, Dr. McCalpin, Tereza Yerimyan, Shant Meguerditchian, and Varak Baronian. according to the Treaty of Sevres. Later the same evening, a reception at the Armenian Embassy, hosted by Armenian Ambassador to the United States Tatoul Markarian, allowed each of our guests to visit Armenian soil , at least for a little while, during their time in Washington, D.C. One of the highlights of the entire conference was a scenic cruise along the Potomac River on Sunday evening, allowing us to enjoy the view and each other s company at the same time. Once again, due to a capacity crowd, the group had to be split, and while one would expect the youth boat to be the livelier crew, it was the more mature crowd that was still dancing and singing as their boat pulled back into the harbour. The conference came to a close on Monday morning, but not before a group discussion on what everyone had learned over the course of the weekend, and what lessons they had drawn from the conference. While many people had to leave early to travel back home, those who were lucky enough to stay

behind were able to tour the Library of Congress and meet Dr. Levon Avdoyan, who is responsible for the library s Armenian collection. By the end of the day the original group of over 200 had been whittled down to the remaining few who said their goodbyes and made plans to see each other next time . And with that, Armenian Cause 2.0 was over. Yet it felt as though the most rewarding part for those in the ANCA office was returning to work on Tuesday and going through the surveys the attendees had filled in. It was great to see how much people appreciated all the hard work that had been put into organizing the event, and the great ideas they had come up with to use towards the next conference. You will all be glad to know that there have already been discussions of when and where to hold the next conference. And while I may not be an intern when that time comes, you can all be sure that I will definitely be attending! Araz Hasserjian is the executive director of Armenian National Committee of Toronto.

Human Rights Review Praises Zoryan s GHRUP as a Model for Educating a New Generation in Genocide Studies An article by Dr. Joyce Apsel, Educating a New Generation: The Model of the Genocide and Human Rights University Program , will be featured in the forthcoming issue of the prestigious Human Rights Review, describing and analyzing the innovative university level course. The journal provides a forum where human rights issues and their underlying theoretical and philosophical foundations can be developed and debated. Prof. Apsel, a historian and an attorney, draws on her experience as a Master Teacher in the Liberal Studies Program at New York University, where she received the 2008-2009 NYU Distinguished Teaching Award, to analyse the unique design of the GHRUP, a course conceptualized and organized by the International Institute for Genocide & Human Rights Studies (IIGHRS), a Division of the Zoryan Institute, as a model for educating a new generation of scholars in genocide and human rights studies. She supplemented her personal experience with the program by conducting a formal, written survey of all students who have attended the program. As the GHRUP prepares to launch its tenth year under the directorship of eminent professor Roger W. Smith, Prof. Apsel notes that ten years is a long time and quite an accomplishment for the Zoryan Institute , adding, it actually is quite remarkable to see the development and the added layers and richness of the course as it has evolved over the past decade. Commenting on the significance of the article, Prof. Herbert Hirsch, Professor of Political Science at Virginia Commonwealth

University, a renowned specialist on genocide prevention, an editor of Genocide Studies & Prevention, and one of the distinguished faculty members of the GHRUP said, It is so rewarding to see that the GHRUP continues to gain recognition as it develops a critical network of students and scholars worldwide who are informed, aware, and active when it comes to genocide research, publication, education, and prevention. This growing network fostered by the GHRUP creates a ripple effect of mobilized disciples, worldwide, all working towards a common goal genocide prevention, he added. As Prof. Apsel explains, it all started with the Zoryan Board of Directors vision to implement a comparative educational program for students in higher education. The goal was to study the Armenian Genocide, the prototype of modern genocides, in a comparative and interdisciplinary analysis with other cases of genocide, in keeping with the spirit of Rafael Lemkin. The approach stresses the current relevance of the study of the Armenian Genocide as a point of reference. A distinctive feature of the GHRUP which enhances the profile and quality of the course is that each summer some ten scholars and specialists from different disciplines and areas of concentration are invited from around the world to Canada to teach and share their research with students, scholars and activists in a seminar setting. Now in its tenth year, with over 250 graduates from at least 20 different countries, the GHRUP strives to achieve multiple goals: encourage the development of a new generation of young scholars to take up the

study of genocide professionally at an advanced level; illuminate the causes of genocide, the way it takes place, and its devastating impact; bring a measure of healing and relief to various communities through the sharing of great trauma of many people; study and teach in an interdisciplinary manner; and the use this comparative approach to identify the characteristics of genocide so that it becomes predictable and in turn hopefully preventable. Yair Auron, noted genocide scholar and Professor in the Department of Sociology, Political Science and Communication at the Open University of Israel, remarked: As an educator, a genocide scholar, a Zoryan board member, and someone who has taught at the GHRUP, I am very pleased to see this program touch the lives of so many young people and help set them on a path on which they may contribute to helping prevent genocide. This is the responsibility of all of us as human beings, and my colleagues at the Zoryan Institute are to be congratulated for their contribution to this important mission. As Prof. Apsel states, the GHRUP is a training ground for a new generation of students and scholars about the comparative study of the Armenian and other genocides, and a range of human rights issues. She notes, however, that even after a decade of running the program, the challenges are ongoing, from funding, to organization, to how the GHRUP will continue innovative and critical educational approaches. The program is expensive to run, and tuition covers only a fraction of the actual cost. Hence, finding resources, such as an endowment, sponsorships, donations and other funding to

Prof. Joyce Aspel continue the program is critical, especially if the course is to keep improving. It s worth noting that Prof. Joyce Apsel is also the founder and director of the non-profit Rights Works International, a former president of the International Association of Genocide Scholars, the current President of the Institute for the Study of Genocide, and a faculty member of the Genocide and Human Rights University Program (GHRUP) for the past nine years. Her 2010 article, Darfur: Historic Processes and Regional Dynamics, received the Outstanding Article Award from the Peace, War and Conflict section of the American Sociological Association.

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House Committee Passes Return of Churches Amendment 43-1 With a vote of 43 to 1, the House Foreign Affairs Committee on July 20 overwhelmingly adopted the Berman-Cicilline Amendment, calling on Turkey to return stolen Christian churches and to end its repression of its Christian minority, reported the Armenian National Committee of America. Today s overwhelming vote represents a powerful victory for religious freedom, and a step toward the rightful return of the thousands of Christian churches and holy sites stolen by Turkey through genocide, said Armenian National Committee of America Executive Director Aram Hamparian. Ninety six years after the genocide perpetrated against the Armenians, Greeks, and Assyrians, the Turkish Government has destroyed or confiscated the vast majority of their holy sites and places of worship. The Foreign Affairs Committee today sent a powerful message to Turkey that it must come to terms with this brutal legacy, respect religious freedom of surviving Christian communities, and return the fruits of its crimes. House Foreign Affairs Committee Ranking Democrat Howard Berman (D-CA) was joined by Rep. David Cicilline (D-RI) in offering the amendment to the State Department Authorization bill, based upon language from H.Res.306, the Return of Churches resolution spearheaded by Rep. Ed Royce (R-CA) and Howard Berman (D-CA), both senior members of the Foreign Affairs Committee. Armenian Americans across the U.S. made thousands of phone calls to their Representatives in support of the measure, following a week of action alerts issued by the Armenian National Committee of America. Similar calls to action have been issued by Archbishops Moushegh Mardirossian and Oshagan Choloyan, Prelates of the Armenian Apostolic Church of Western and Eastern United States, respectively. Archbishops Anoushavan Tanielian and Vicken Aykazian, as well as Fr. Sarkis Aktavoukian, Fr. Oshagan Gulgulian, Fr. Mesrob Hovsepyan, and Fr.

A packed house follows the hearing Hakob Gevorgyan were in attendance at the Committee offering their support for the passage of this legislation. As spiritual shepherds of the Armenian faithful, proud stewards of our ancient heritage, and devoted servants in the cause of realizing our shared national aspirations, we welcome today s vote as a principled stand for religious freedom and a just demand for the rightful return of Christian churches throughout the biblical lands of present-day Turkey, said Archbishop Tanielian, Vicar General of the Prelacy of the Armenian Apostolic Church Eastern United States. Also representing the Embassy of Armenia in the US was Minister Counselor Varduhi Asaturian. The measure has also received broadbased support from the Greek and Assyrian American communities, with the American Hellenic Education and Progressive Association (AHEPA), the American Hellenic Institute, and the American Hellenic Council issuing statements calling their community to action.

The House Foreign Affairs Committee discusses "Return of Churches" Amendment This resolution stands in the proud American tradition of championing religious freedom around the world, stated AHEPA Supreme President Nicholas A. Karacostas. If adopted, this measure will further reinforce our nation s commitment to the Universal Declaration of

Human Rights, and also build upon the passage by Congress of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 and many other pieces of legislation promoting religious freedom abroad.

Georgian Parliament Passes Bill on Legal Status of Religious Minorities The Georgian parliament on July 5 amended the civil code allowing religious minorities in Georgia to be registered as legal entities, reported the Civil Georgia online news agency. This came after the introduction of a bill granting five religious minorities the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Roman Catholic Church, the Evangelical Baptist Church as well as the Muslim and Jewish communities in Georgia legal status. It was determined that parliament would vote on the matter after a second and final reading, which happened Tuesday, with extensive amendments to the original bill. On July 4, Patriarch of All Georgians, Ilia II, in a written statement, urged parliament to not adopt the resolution. We think it is necessary to stop the procedure of adopting the law the second and the third hearings and to hold public debates on the issue, at least live television debates, to establish common public opinion and achieve consensus with the Orthodox Church, as majority of the country s population are Orthodox Christians, a statement by Ilia II was quoted by the Georgian Interpressnews.ge agency as saying. We remind our citizens that the issues are of utmost importance, as it determines the main principles of forming the state, Ilia II s statement continued. The Church has never been against and has always been supportive of giving status to other religions in Georgia and their rights, but the government didn t set up a state commission to study the issue, the patriarch s statement added.

Evidently, the patriarch s statement did have an impact on the final bill that was approved. Among the several amendments are the exclusion of the names of the five religious minorities while keeping a formulation that those religious groups will be given the legal status, which have historic ties to Georgia. The bill also says that it will be up to a religious group to decide whether it wants to be registered as a private entity or as a legal entity under public law. Another contention by the patriarch was that the status of Georgian churches in other countries was not addressed in the legislation, prompting him to oppose the measure. During a visit last by His Holiness Karekin II, Catholicos of All Armenians to Georgia, the two church leaders were not able to reach an agreement on the status of the Armenian Church. The Georgian Orthodox Church claims ownership of several medieval churches in Armenia, particularly in the province of Lori in northern Armenia, bordering Georgia, including one in the village of Akhtala. The Armenian Diocese of Georgia welcomed the parliament s efforts. In an interview with RFE/RL s Armenian Service, prior to the passage of the final bill, Georgian Primate Bishop Vazgen Mirzakhanian described such an approach of the Georgian authorities is one typical of democratic countries. According to Bishop Mirzakhanian, while the Armenian Church s de facto presence in Georgia had been acknowledged by this South Caucasus state s authorities, clergy and society

also in the past, the final adoption of the amendment will provide opportunities for registration and a gradual acquisition of ownership rights in regards to churches currently belonging to Georgia s Ministry of Culture. According to Georgian deputy foreign minister, Nino Galandze, said the issue was part of the agenda of talks held last week in Tbilisi between Georgian officials and Armenia s Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian.

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TURKEY

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Dink Murderer Sentenced to 22 Years The court s decision is closer to the upper limit, Dink family lawyer Fethiye Chetin told the private news channel NTV. However this is only one part of the case. In today s trial Samast was convicted of murder, yet he is also being tried for being part of a terror organization. Samast is also facing eight to 18 years in jail on the terror-related charges. He is being tried along with Erhan Tuncel and Yasin Hayal, who are also charged with membership in and directing of a terrorist organization and assisting a terrorist organization. Chetin said they are expecting another 11 years of imprisonment for Samast from that trial. Under the Turkish Penal Code, Samast will likely not serve the 22 years and 10 months to which he was sentenced. Legal experts said he might be able leave prison after between 10 and 12 years. His sentence will be decreased if he shows good behaviour in prison, Ali Ersin Gur, former president of Contemporary Lawyers Association. In that case he will have to stay in jail for three-fourths of the murder sentence, which is about 16.5 years. Considering that he has already been in jail for the past 4.5 years, he might be out of prison by 2023, Gur told the Hurriyet Daily News over the phone. Retired prosecutor Mete Gokturk said, however, that Samast s sentence might be decreased by one third since he was tried in juvenile court. He might be pardoned for almost seven years [of the sentence], which would mean a total sentence of 15 years, Gokturk told Haberturk television. In that case Samast would

(Hurriyet Daily News) The murderer of Armenian journalist Hrant Dink, Ogun Samast was sentenced to over 22 years of jail in Istanbul s Juvenile Court. Yet, Dink s friends say that now it is time to punish the real criminals behind the murder. Ogun Samast, who has been in jail for four and a half years, defended himself by saying that he didn t know Dink and has been influenced by newspapers and columnists. A juvenile court in Istanbul handed down a jail term on July 25 of nearly 23 years to the selfconfessed murderer of prominent ethnic Armenian journalist Hrant Dink, who was gunned down in broad daylight in 2007. The juvenile court initially condemned Samast to life, but reduced the sentence to 21and-a-half years on the grounds that he was underage at the time of the murder before giving him an additional 16 months for possession of an unlicensed weapon. Samast was facing 18 to 24 years in jail on charges of having killed Dink, a Turkish journalist of Armenian origin and the editor-inchief of weekly Agos, who was murdered in front of his newspaper s office in Istanbul on Jan. 19, 2007. During the trial Monday, Samast defended himself by saying he had a poor education and committed the murder under other people s influences. I was influenced by newspapers and some columnists. Otherwise how would I know Hrant Dink, how would I know Agos? Samast said. A lawyer for the Dink family noted that Samast is also a suspect in another case on accusations of being a member of a terrorist organization.

The murderer of Hrant Dink, Ogun Samast, being led to the court be out of jail by 2021. Regardless of how much time he ends up serving, Samast s sentence will not be enough to please those who believe there are other people behind the murder, according to figures who have been following the trial closely. We have been waiting for this decision for 4.5 years, and today it has been finalized. Yet the real criminals haven t been tried yet, said Garo Paylan, a member of a group known as Hrant s Friends. There are several state officers behind

this murder. We want each of them to be sentenced, Chetin said. Among the eight suspects who are being tried on charges of negligence in preventing the Dink s murder are Trabzon Gendarmerie Commander Col. Ali Oz and Gendarmerie Intelligence Unit Director Cpt. Metin Yeldez. The next hearing of the case trial will be held on July 29. Paylan said now was the time to punish the other people involved. Today the court punished the child, yet we are waiting for his big brothers, he said.

Amnesty Urges Turkey for Further Prosecution in Dink Case Amnesty International has again called on the Turkish authorities to investigate alleged collusion and negligence by state officials in the 2007 killing of journalist and human rights activist Hrant Dink, after one man was sentenced to nearly 23 years in prison for his murder. Ogun Samast was sentenced by an Istanbul Children s Court on July 25. He was initially given a life sentence but the term was commuted because he was a minor at the time of the murder. Eighteen other people are currently on trial for their involvement in the murder. While the sentencing of Ogun Samast is welcome news, he is just one of the people responsible for Hrant Dink s murder. The authorities must investigate all the circumstances around his death and bring everyone responsible to justice, whatever their position of power, said Andrew Gardner Amnesty International s expert on Turkey. The murder of Hrant Dink came after he was prosecuted by the Turkish authorities for his writings on the identity of Turkish citizens of Armenian origin. His murder was apparently committed with the tacit agreement of elements within the Turkish law enforcement agencies. This cannot go unpunished. In September 2010, the European Court of

Human Rights ruled that the Turkish authorities had failed to act on information they received that could have prevented Hrant Dink s murder and had failed to investigate the role of state officials in his death. In June 2011, Colonel Ali Oz and seven other military personnel were convicted of negligence for their failure to relay information regarding the plot to kill Hrant Dink which could have prevented the murder. In June 2011, death threats were made against Etyen Mahchupyan and Basken Oran, both journalists at Agos newspaper. Similar threats have been made at various times since 2004 for which no one has been brought to justice. Hrant Dink was best known for being critical of the Turkish government over issues of Armenian identity and over official versions of history in Turkey relating to the massacres of Armenians in 1915. He was repeatedly prosecuted for expressing his opinions. In 2005, he was given a six-month suspended prison sentence for denigrating Turkishness in writings about the identity of Turkish citizens of Armenian origin. Others in Turkey have since been prosecuted, like Hrant Dink, under legislation

that is used to prosecute dissenting opinions violating the right to freedom of expression. In March this year, eight journalists were arrested for being members of Ergenekon, an alleged ultra-nationalist network with links to the Turkish state. Two of the eight, Ahmet Shek and Nedim Sener are investigative journalists known for their work exposing human rights abuses by

elements within state institutions. They remain in pre-trial detention awaiting trial for being members of a terrorist organization. The Turkish authorities must take action to ensure that dissenting voices are not silenced by legislation or threats of violence, said Andrew Gardner. The people of Turkey must be free to express their opinions without fear of death or imprisonment.

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COMMENTARY

Armenian Language Canada s Third-Most Retained Native Tongue Statistics Canada

by Armen Bedakian

Growing up in an Armenian household, the phrase Speak Armenian! has been shout­ ed on numerous occasions. It is a sentiment that has been echoed in households all across Canada, becoming ingrained in the tradition of Armenian family gatherings. No child in Canada has escaped the phrase, often yelled at them by an elder relative, an aunt, an uncle, or a grandparent perhaps. Children, it seems, are responding in kind. On Tuesday, July 7, Statistics Canada released a survey in language retention, and their findings were astounding; In Canada, the Armenian language is officially the third highest retained language, falling behind Punjabi and Urdu. The study took to consideration parents who have successfully passed on their own mother tongue to their children in this case, Armenian and applied it to their day-to-day living. This includes Armenian as a first lan­ guage, and Armenian as a language used at home. Why is Armenian so highly rated? Consider the following: Armenian families have tradition­ ally married other Armenian families, and fam­ ilies with two native speaking parents pass on their language with greater ease. When a child grows up with both parents speaking Armenian, the language is transmitted as an at-home tongue and not forced onto them. Schooling for children also affects their knowledge of Armenian. Between elementary schooling and weekend classes, Armenian language along with history and song/poetry is not only readily available, but highly en­ couraged. With over 1600 students enrolled in Arme­ nian schools in the GTA, Armenian classes have become a regular part of youth culture. Hagop Krikorian recently graduated from ARS Day School, after spending three years in the public schooling system. He describes his transition back into day-to-day use of Armenian, I was away for 3 years, barely went to Saturday school, so my Armenian wasn t really strong. When I came back, speaking and reading

wasn t hard. Writing though, took a little time to come back. The extra work, however, has payed off. When asked if he was pleased with having the option of taking Armenian language classes, Hagop says, I definitely am, but it s not about only having the option. I m happy with the level at which we learn, compared to other places in Ontario. It s great. At first, the concept of the Armenian lan­ guage being so highly rated in comparison to other tongues like Mandarin Chinese, Span­ ish, Italian and Greek appears phenomenal. In fact, the Armenian tongue is passed on to 75% of all teens under 18 years old, according to Statistics Canada, with a minimum of 77% of Armenian children having at least some knowledge of Armenian dialect. Compare this to other languages like Span­ ish at 53%, and Italian at 20%, and the realiza­ tion is clear; Armenian parents have put their native tongue as a high priority in raising chil­ dren. Canada s family reunification policy an immigration initiative enforced between 1980 and 2000 saw Armenian families come to­ gether within Canada. Within the family structure now in place, a child s linguistic skills could be used in a more real sense; the use of Armenian within the immediate family became useful with extended family as well. Couple this with a strong sense of family so infused within the Armenian culture and we see why the language has grown; simply put, it s both useful and usable. Between the plethora of Armenian organizations, sport, theatre and holidays, Armenian culture is al­ lowed to flourish, and with it, the language becomes an integral part of the Armenian experience. We often don't appreciate the importance of how rich and unique our language is. says Levon Gosdanian, father of two young children. Many Armenians families see it as a burden to speak Armenian at home, yet Englishspeakers are often in awe and amazed that we do. When they ask what language my kids

Informative Workshops for Aspiring Teachers

Participants during the workshop The Armenian Certified Teachers Association of Ontario (ACTAO) organized two informative workshops on May 11 and 14, in order to assist prospective teachers in their search for a job. Both workshops attracted a significant number of new applicants as well as teachers who are looking for a change in their career. The first workshop, held on May 11, was intended for high school teacher candidates aspiring to obtain a teaching position within the York Region District School Board. The workshop took place at the Unionville High School Library (YRDSB) and the keynote speaker was Susan Logue, Principal of Unionville High School. The second workshop, intended for primary/junior level applicants, took place on May 14, at the Maral Ishkhanian Hall of Holy

Trinity Armenian Church. The workshop was presented by Hripsik Sarkissian, Vice-Principal of Malvern Junior Public School (Gr JK - 6). Both Logue and Sarkissian were knowledgeable and experienced in delivering useful ideas pertaining to the hiring process such as preparing documentation, volunteering, continuing to learn through Additional Qualification courses, networking, knowing the curriculum very well, etc. They also passed on useful and effective strategies for a successful interview. Through their interesting presentations, both Logue and Sarkissian made the workshops a source of valuable information and a venue for networking with fellow candidates. ACTAO will encourage new applicants by organizing similar workshops in the future.

and I are talking in, I tell them proudly that it's Armenian, that it s all we speak at home. Levon Gosdanian represents the next generation of Armenian families, those who are taking their own experiences growing up and applying it to their parenting style as well. Retaining the language isn t just a matter of choosing an Armenian school it is a culture within the house itself. My parents, especially my father, were insistent that we stay Armenian in every way possible, reflects Levon, who grew up in Tor­ onto. Since he was new in Canada, speaking Armenian at home was a must. At 4 years of age, my older sister and I thought it was punishment, but it soon became the norm, to the point that both my sister and I spoke it willingly. Now having kids of my own, we too try to instil into our home the same values as my parents did. One major factor, however, remains when passing on a language - marital status. Growing up, both my parents spoke Armenian, so for myself, learning the language was a matter of simply interacting with them. Because both my mother and my father speak Armenian fluently, learning Armenian was easy. However, my mother speaks Spanish, having grown up in

Venezuela my father, Arabic, having grown up in Syria. Both these tongues eluded me growing up; I spoke neither. This is a common theme when passing on a language; the main factor for lack of retention within a family is down to the couple having different linguistic backgrounds. When a mother and a father have differing languages to pass on, the child finds it difficult to find opportunities for his language skills to grow. So much of successful retention comes down to having a reason for using the language; it s what makes learning Italian, for example, much easier when living in Italy, as opposed to taking classes. Finding a use for the skill develops it. And finding a use for Armenian is easy for young people. Going to an English school with few Armenians, there s an element of joy when conversing with the few who also speak your language. With so many opportunities in Toronto to use Armenian, young people will continue to converse in the language of their forefathers, proud to speak in their native tongue. For Hagop Krikorian, and many other young Arme­ nians like him, the Armenian language will continue to be passed along, for generations to come.

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Why Teach Our Kids Armenian? by Myrna Douzjian As a proud graduate of Alex Pilibos, I often the language alive and evolving and to carry like to reflect on the fruits that local Armenian it over to the next generation. Gulludjian s schools have borne over the last forty years. presentation explicitly highlighted the absence There s no shortage of teachers, administrators, of an Armenian-language intellectual elite artists, musicians, writers, editors, journalists, educated in our schools the teachers, filmmakers, political activists, doctors, lawyers, linguists, writers, journalists, translators, and pharmacists, scientists, mathematicians, editors that every culture with a literary capital architects, business owners and professionals. must have in order to subsist. Although seemingly a very feasible goal, Some have even made big names for themselves. Every year we read about the we re quite a ways away from the production impressive acceptance rates of Armenian of a critical mass, at least from my perspective. school graduates into some of the country s Here, I must digress for a moment in order to most prestigious universities. There s no doubt, place this problem in a larger context. The Armenian schools, students, and parents are decline in language literacy is an all too familiar doing many things right in the field of education. symptom plaguing the entire American nation. Yet there remains a gaping hole in the Year after year, I ve witnessed this phenomenon demographics of the citizens that our schools in my literature and composition courses at have produced. None of our community s UCLA, where students write papers that consist Armenian language arts instructors, Armenian- of incomprehensible sentences, like this one: language writers, journalists, or editors is a Lives are situated with specialized obligations graduate of one of our local schools. This fact and uniform day-by-day procedures. is highly disturbing. Are we really incapable of Unfortunately, this example represents the rule, producing a single, homegrown Armenian not the exception. So it s no exaggeration that language and literature teacher? Our finding effective ways to teach today s student community and our academic institutions have population is perhaps the greatest challenge facing literacy educators in the United States failed miserably in this regard. Two weeks ago I attended a small (Ernest Morrell Toward a Critical Pedagogy of conference addressing the issue of Armenian Popular Culture: Literacy Development Among language instruction at Vahan and Anoush Urban Youth Journal of Adolescent & Adult Chamlian Armenian School, in the Los Angeles Literacy. Sept. 2002.) And, of course, we re all quite familiar with suburb of La Crescenta. Conference attendees and participants included Armenian school the humanities struggle to prove its relevance, alumni, parents of students currently at because, unfortunately, education in America Chamlian, a few of the school s Armenian today is almost exclusively about the GDP instructors and administrators, university-level and the only subject under discussion, the Armenian language instructors and literature only real criterion for investment in short, the alpha and omega and composition instructors. W e d o n t n e e d m o r e of educational As expected, the initial conversation raised more churches or community centers. policy is jobs questions than it answered: We need the critical mass that our (Mark Slouka, Why can t graduates, after Armenian schools have the Dehumanized: When Math and attending Armenian school for at least a decade, compose a potential to produce, and we need Science Rule the single grammatical paragraph to stop relying on waves of School. Harper s in Armenian? What are the immigration to keep the Armenian Magazine. Sept. 2009.) Because goals of Armenian language language alive in the US. utilitarian instruction in our schools? Is it enough for students to graduate with approaches to education are the norm, intermediate oral proficiency and elementary educators in the humanities find themselves reading and writing proficiency in Armenian? having to frame the importance of what they With regard to the question of goals, do in terms of economic benefit. The oftenProfessor Hagop Gulludjian, who teaches unquantifiable benefits of humanities curricula Western Armenian at UCLA, introduced the developing critical thinking and analytical concept of a critical mass a small minority of skills, generating innovative ideas, challenging the speakers of a given language who are the status quo, and fostering creativity are engaged in intellectual activity, creative and translated into the language of cost-benefit journalistic writing. According to his argument, analysis. As a result, the humanities are almost in order for Armenian to continue to be a living constantly devalued and under the threat of language in our community, our schools need attack. The ways in which most people read and to work toward creating such a critical mass. In a follow-up conversation with him, he write have also changed dramatically. The stressed that we re talking very small numbers increased digitization of literature and news here two to three hundred adult readers, a media and the closure of bookstores (even our handful of writers and thinkers, and a couple local Barnes & Noble in Encino closed down!) of teachers per generation are enough to keep are all indications that the nature of reading is

shifting toward the intangible the electronic languages, heritage language learners have journal, the blog post, the e-reader. For the the ability to achieve near native fluency in a most part, except for the critical mass language four times faster than those studying Professor Gulludjian identified, we don t read, a language from an entirely blank slate. we skim. In fact, the process of being online (Heritage language learners are those who, can be considered a type of skimming. We surf with varying degrees of proficiency, have from one webpage to the next, picking up learned a language that is not the dominant snidbits of information from here and there. one spoken in their larger social environment, Where does this leave the correlation because they spoke it at home.) To all of us between old-school reading and language listening, that minor statistic highlighted the literacy? It may very well be that our institutions importance of speaking Armenian at home. struggle with language arts instruction because Karapetyan, who designed the curriculum for of this very shift that includes both a general heritage Armenian for high school students at decline in reading and a specific change in the UCLA, has amassed a wealth of information ways in which we read. The accelerated about active learning strategies in the language history that Talar Chahinian mentioned in her arts. Her presentation was especially impressive Critics Forum article last month first and because it situated Armenian-language foremost implies the acceleration of language instruction within pedagogical trends and and communication. Consequently, my statistical findings across several other foreign colleagues report that when they incorporate languages. blogs and discussion boards online (both forms Our community hasn t produced a critical of what we might call mass of Armenian accelerated, e The challenge remains striking readers and writers communication) into because we have a balance between quick and f i n a n c i a l l y a n d their curricula, their students respond culturally familiar material and ideologically devalued immensely better difficult, sometimes abstract the roles that such a than they do in the curricula. group of intellectuals standard five-page would play. If we want writing assignments. I ve also found it easier to develop a new direction for our Americanto teach critical analysis and writing through born generations, we need to create highthe incorporation of media available on paying positions and worthwhile endowments YouTube, film, and visual materials. The in the Armenian language arts. And the thinkers challenge remains striking a balance between and innovators will follow. But perhaps it s too quick and culturally familiar material and difficult, late. Perhaps we ve already given up on the sometimes abstract curricula. survival of the Armenian language in the So, it comes as no surprise that Armenian Diaspora. Perhaps it s a language that s too schools face a doubly steep up-hill battle in irrelevant (and, in the case of Western this hyper-utilitarian, e-centered, high-speed Armenian, on the path toward extinction). If society of ours that is, if one of their missions not, then we need to put our money where our continues to be effective Armenian language mouth is. No serious educational effort arts instruction. They do, however, have many succeeds without major financial and moral resources they can look to for support. investment. We don t need more churches or Armenian is one of the language options on community centers. We need the critical mass Facebook. Professor Gulludjian first brought that our Armenian schools have the potential to my attention that this feature could be to produce, and we need to stop relying on appropriated in the form of interesting writing waves of immigration to keep the Armenian assignments for students at no cost to schools. language alive in the US. It seems Chamlian Several resources online offer interesting plans to take further steps in this regard with research-based ideas about the incorporation efforts at modernizing its pedagogical approach of film, television and media in the language to Armenian language arts instruction. I hope arts. The aforementioned article by Ernest that the local educational boards of our schools Morrell is a good place to start. Most importantly, will follow Chamlian s footsteps in addressing there are young college- and university-level this issue by taking serious and immediate Armenian language instructors, trained in the practical measures. And I hope that the most up-to-date pedagogical methods, who community will provide fervent support for such should be employed by our schools as advisors a movement. Otherwise, the answer to the to the programs in Armenian language arts. question posed by the title of this article will In that regard, Shushan Karapetyan, a continue to remain ambiguous. PhD student in the Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at UCLA, also presented the findings of her research at the Myrna Douzjian is a doctoral candidate in conference at Chamlian. Among other things, the Department of Comparative Literature at she pointed out that, according to studies UCLA, where she teaches literature and conducted by linguists in various foreign composition courses.

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2011 22 ¼.ú¶àêîàê î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 70

ARMENIA

Action Urged in Armenia Emigration Armenia s Diaspora Minister, Hranush Hakopyan thinks the migration problem is temporary (RFE/RL) A group of Armenian scholars has addressed an open letter to the country s political leadership urging immediate action on emigration that they claim is turning into a national catastrophe. Deputy director of the Yerevan-based Institute of Literature Vardan Devrikian, one of those supporting the claim, sees a snowballing panicky mood among people, which he describes as even more alarming than the scale of emigration itself. We are all in a panicky mood. Everyone is thinking of ways to leave. Working-class Armenians are thinking of going to Russia, whereas the white-collar segment of the population is contemplating emigration to Europe or the United States. This will, indeed, devastate our country, Devrikian said at a press conference. According to the scholar, the president should personally attend to this matter and in response to the open letter should appeal to the people, emphasizing that we see the future of our people in our country. Meanwhile, ethnographer Harutiun Marutian believes that appeals alone will not reverse the trend. It would be very nice if the president said that, but it needs to be followed up with certain

steps, said Marutian, without elaborating. Armenian Writers Union Chairman Levon Ananian, leading ethnographer Hranush Kharatian, head of the Association For Sustainable Human Development NGO Karine Danielian and others in their public remarks last week also voiced their concerns about emigration looming large in the country. Speaking at a press conference on Wednesday, Hranush Hakobian, the minister for the Diaspora, acknowledged that for the first time in at least the past three years Armenia has been losing some of its population because of emigration. The official attributed it mainly to the heavy social and economic conditions that some Armenians face in their home country. Still, she expressed the opinion that most Armenians leaving the country, especially those going to Russia, were temporary migrant workers who planned to return home in the future. They leave Armenia not forever; they seek jobs to maintain their families that stay here, said Hakobian. At the same time, Hakobian suggested that critics of the Armenian government, especially those living abroad, should take practical steps to assist in solving social and economic problems in Armenia, such as through

Armenia Urges Russia to Discourage Armenian Migration

A group of activists sound the alarm on last month (RFE/RL)- Armenian Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan says Russian authorities have been told to stop encouraging and helping families in Armenia to migrate to Russia. Sargsyan was referring on July 22 to the Russian government s Compatriots program, which offers employment, accommodation, and financial benefits to married residents of other former Soviet republics willing to settle in Russia. It is designed to address the country s serious demographic problems. The Russian Federal Migration Service (FSM) began operating the program in Armenia in 2009 and has reportedly attracted hundreds of Armenian families since then. Its activities are sparking a growing uproar from local opposition politicians, public figures, and media worried about the continuing outflow of people from Armenia. Some of them have demanded that the authorities in Yerevan ban the FSM scheme in Armenia. Sargsyan said Armenian authorities shared those concerns. He said President Serzh Sarkisian instructed him to raise the matter at a recent meeting of a Russian-Armenian intergovernmental commission on bilateral cooperation that was held in the southern Russian city of Rostov-na-Donu. We brought our Russian partners attention to the fact that that program must not be implemented in the Republic of Armenia with

investing and creating jobs. It is simply necessary to work to reduce emigration, stressed Hakobian. Our objective is to boost immigration, and today we also see tendencies of people coming to Armenia for permanent residence. The first wave of emigration hit Armenia after the country became independent in the early 1990s and was experiencing a severe energy crisis amid a continuing war in NagornoKarabakh. Some 800,000 of Armenia s estimated 3.8-million-strong population are believed to have abandoned the country then. Although at a slower pace, but emigration continued also through the years of economic recovery when Armenia enjoyed a double-digit GDP growth for most of the 2000s. Recent official figures reported in Armenia indicate that about 78,000 people have emigrated from Armenia in the past three years, but the opposition and some media have speculated that the number of people who have abandoned the country for good in the indicated period may be reaching several hundred Diaspora minister Hranush Hakobian Armenia is due to have a census of the thousand. Addressing the issue in May, head of the population later this year. The previous census State Migration Service Gagik Yeganian said taken in 2001 estimated the South Caucasus Armenia experienced no increase in the state s permanent population at around 3.2 negative balance of migration in recent years. million.

Forbes Ranks Armenia Second Worst Economy

(Arka News Agency)- Armenia was ranked second among the worst economies in the world in 2011 by Forbes Magazine in 2011. The data were obtained by analyzing average macroeconomic indicators of 177 countries over the past three years and International Monetary Fund growth domestic product growth and inflation forecasts for 2012. According to Forbes ranking, the list of five worst economies is topped by Madagascar, followed by Armenia, Guinea, Ukraine and Jamaica. According to Forbes, despite a 15 percent economic slowdown in 2009 due to the global financial crisis, Armenia is still trying to keep up with the rest of the world. The per capita GDP in the country is $3000, which is one third of the same indicator in neighboring Turkey, and the inflation is 7 migration trends at a news conference percent, according to the Forbes report. According to Forbes results of a similar those standards, Sargsyan said. This issue ranking last year differed considerably from this will be the subject of intergovernmental discussions. We have to solve this issue at the political (RFE/RL)- The Argentinean company that level, he told a group of prominent Armenian writers, academics, and other intellectuals at a operates Yerevan's Zvartnots International meeting held in Oshakan, a historic village in Airport has moved to open Armenia's first taxfree economic zone in order to boost agricultural the central Aragatsotn province. exports and other products. Some of those intellectuals signed an open The creation of such a zone within the letter to the government earlier this month urging airport is envisaged to include a long-term it to do more to keep Armenians from leaving airport management contract that was signed their country mainly for economic reasons. They in 2001 by the Armenian government and the echoed opposition claims that the scale of the Corporacion America SA group of Eduardo emigration had increased of late. Eurnekian, an Argentinean billionaire of President Sarkisian disputed those claims Armenian descent. this week at a special meeting with top state The Zvartnots operator plans to complete officials- including the prime minister- that a multimillion-dollar reconstruction of key airport discussed the issue. He said most of the tens facilities by the end of this year and is stepping of thousands of people leaving the country each up preparations for the launch of the tax haven. year, mainly for Russia, were seasonal workers The Armenian government, for its part, drafted and pushed through parliament last month a who eventually return home. The president admitted at the same that a law on free economic zones. The law defines economic entities that will be allowed to do lack of economic opportunities and the resulting business there and be exempt from taxes. emigration remained a serious problem in The government and Corporacion America Armenia. He instructed government bodies to signed on July 14 another agreement that paves propose more measures to tackle it. the way for the opening of the zone. But officials Armenia had about 4 million residents when at the signing ceremony would not say exactly the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991. At least when it will start functioning. one-quarter of its population has since emigrated Economy Minister Tigran Davtian said it would happen "in the not-so-distant future." in search of employment abroad.

year s. In the 2010 ranking the list was topped by Zimbabwe, that was followed by Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the third was Guinea. The leader of the ranking this year, Madagascar was in 10th place, while Armenia and Jamaica occupied lower positions. The Armenian economy in 2010 saw a 2.6 percent year-on-year GDP increase, when it declined by 14.9 percent. According to the National Statistical Service, Armenia s GDP over the reporting period of time in current prices amounted to 3.509.6 trillion drams, while the GDP index-deflator in 2010 was 110.2 percent compared to 2009. Per capita GDP at the end of 2010 amounted to 1,077.961 drams or $2,885. The economic activity in May, according to updated statistical data, increased by 9.9 percent from a year earlier. Inflation in 2011 June was 8.5 percent compared to the same period in 2010.

Armenia to Open First Tax-Free Zone "I have very high expectations because this is a new opportunity for the development of our economy," Davtian told journalists. The tax-free zone is supposed to cater to domestically grown produce for export abroad. It is to have warehouses equipped with refrigerators, packaging facilities, and a foodsafety laboratory. Eurnekian, who has good relations with Armenia's current and former presidents, owns hundreds of hectares of vineyards and orchards in the Ararat Valley adjacent to the airport. Davtian reaffirmed his government's plans to help open two more such zones in the coming years. One of them is due to be located on the premises of an idle electronics plant in Yerevan. Some local economic analysts question the wisdom of having such designated areas in Armenia. Bagrat Asatrian, a former Armenian Central Bank governor who is highly critical of the current authorities, said the Zvartnots economic zone would bring no benefits to agriculture or other sectors of the economy. "In a country like ours...free economic zones will only serve the interests of a small number of people," he said.

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ARMENIA

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Armenia Cites South Sudan as Model to Resolve Territorial Conflicts hope the emergence of a new country will set another precedent for a resolution of the Karabakh conflict along the lines they seek. Nalbandian insisted in January that South Sudan's independence will strengthen the Armenian case for international recognition of Karabakh's secession from Azerbaijan. The principle of self-determination has long been championed by the Armenian side in its negotiations with Azerbaijan. The United States, Russia, and France - which have been jointly mediating those talks -- recognize that principle along with the territorial integrity of states. A combination of the two principles is at the heart of the "basic principles" of a Karabakh settlement put forward by them. A key element of the proposed settlement is a future referendum on Karabakh's final status. Armenian officials say the disputed territory's predominantly Armenian population

U.S., Armenia to Hold Joint Military Drills

Armenian troops deployed in Afghanistan being inspected in 2010 (RFE/RL)- The United States and Armenia have tentatively agreed to hold first-ever joint military exercises that will highlight their growing security ties, the Armenian Defense Ministry announced recently. Ministry spokesman Davit Karapetian said that the drills will likely take place next year or in 2013 and involve U.S. and Armenian troops engaged in multinational peacekeeping operations. He said an agreement to that effect was finalized during U.S.-Armenian defense consultations held in Washington in late July. U.S. Assistant Secretary of Defense Alexander Vershbow and his deputy Celeste Wallander held the two-day talks with an Armenian delegation headed by First Deputy Defense Davit Tonoyan. Tonoyan also met separately with U.S. Undersecretary of Defense Michele Flournoy and Eric Rubin, the newly appointed deputy assistant secretary of state for Europe and Eurasia. The Pentagon issued no statements on the talks. The Defense Ministry in Yerevan said they took place in a warm and constructive atmosphere. The parties expressed readiness to expand the spheres of cooperation, read a ministry statement. According to the statement, Tonoyan discussed with the Pentagon officials joint exercises and trainings with the aim of participating in peacekeeping operations. Karapetian clarified that they reached a preliminary agreement to hold joint exercises of peacekeeping forces of the two countries in Armenia in 2012-2013. The drills will help to improve the interoperability of those forces, he said. This is very important considering the

peacekeeping operations carried out by U.S. and Armenian troops in Afghanistan, added the ministry spokesman. Armenia last month almost tripled its participation in NATO s International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) for Afghanistan and currently has about 130 troops on the ground. Wallander praised the additional Armenian troop deployment there when she visited Yerevan later in June. The Defense Ministry statement Tonoyan also discussed in Washington the training of Armenian military personnel in the United States. It said the two sides also mapped out new areas of further cooperation stemming from Armenia s recent strategic defense review. The review is part of ongoing defense reforms which are envisaged by Armenia s Individual Partnership Action Plan (IPAP) with NATO launched in 2005. They are supposed to bring the Armenian military into greater conformity with U.S. and NATO standards. U.S. and Armenian troops have until now trained together only in multinational exercises organized by NATO. Armenia has hosted two such exercises in recent years. Those drills as well as the Armenian participation in the U.S.-led missions in Afghanistan and Kosovo have underscored Armenia s desire to complement its military alliance with Russia with closer defense links with the West. Yerevan and Moscow bolstered that alliance last year with an agreement that extended Russian military presence in the South Caucasus country by 24 years, until 2044. Wallander insisted that Russian-Armenian military ties are not an obstacle to growing military cooperation between the U.S. and Armenia.

would be able to vote for independence or reunification with Armenia. But Azerbaijani leaders say, at least in public, that the would-be vote should only determine the extent of Karabakh's autonomy within Azerbaijan. The Armenian and Karabakh leaderships similarly hailed last year a United Nations court ruling that upheld the legality of Kosovo's secession from Serbia. Armenian President Serzh Sarkisian said in October that the nonbinding ruling, handed down by the International Court of Justice in July 2010, should serve as a blueprint for the Karabakh settlement. But Sarkisian's government has thus far stopped short of recognizing Kosovo, which has been recognized by 76 countries. Analysts say Yerevan is anxious not to irk Moscow, Armenia's close ally which is strongly opposed to the ethnic-Albanian populated territory's

independence. As of today, Azerbaijan had not recognized South Sudan's independence. A Foreign Ministry official refused to comment on whether Baku would soon recognize South Sudan.

Armenia Announces Defense Reforms

(RFE/RL)- Armenia has drawn up a new five-year plan of defense reforms stemming from its growing cooperation with NATO, Defense Minister Seyran Ohanian said during a visit to Brussels on July 27. Ohanian made the announcement as he and Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian held an annual meeting with members of NATO s North Atlantic Council. Official Armenian sources said the two men briefed the body representing the 28 NATO member states on the current status of Armenia s Individual Partnership Action Plan (IPAP) with the Western alliance. Launched in 2005, the IPAP commits Armenia to reforming its armed forces along the lines of NATO standards and practices. It also envisages greater Armenian participation in NATO-led multinational missions and military exercises. In line with those reforms, the Armenian government recently conducted a strategic review of its military capabilities and security challenges facing the country. As a result of that review, we have devised a mid-term plan to develop the Armed Forces of Armenia in 2011-2015, which guarantees a defense management based on their democratic and civilian oversight, the Armenian Defense Ministry quoted Ohanian as telling the Brusselsbased council. A statement issued by the ministry said the meeting discussed a fresh modification of the IPAP planned by the two sides. The existing version of the cooperation framework publicized last year describes European integration as Armenia s main foreign policy objective. It calls for maximum transparency in defense planning and budgeting and an adequate mix of civilian and

military personnel within the Armenian Defense Ministry. According to the 15-page document, the Armenian military will also review its chain of command and control procedures and revamp its military education and training systems. In a separate statement, the Armenian Foreign Ministry said Nalbandian and Ohanian also met separately with NATO s Deputy Secretary General Claudio Bisogniero.

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(RFE/RL)- Armenian Foreign Minister Eduard Nalbandian has touted South Sudan's declaration of independence as a blueprint for resolving other ethnic and territorial conflicts. "The declaration of independent statehood in South Sudan is a realization of peoples' equality and impregnable right to selfdetermination and yet another example of the civilized resolution of conflicts," Nalbandian said in a specially written statement on July 9. The Armenian government and the Armenian leadership in the breakaway Azerbaijani territory of Nagorno-Karabakh in January welcomed an internationally recognized referendum in South Sudan that cleared the final hurdle to its secession from the northern part of the country. Nalbandian said the referendum outcome highlighted "the victory march of the right to self-determination." Official Yerevan and Karabakh Armenians

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³ݳåáõñ, óݻëå³ë, ëå³ë, Ù³Íݳåáõñ, å³Õ³åáõñ . ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ »ñϳñ»É ß³ñùÁ Ãáõ³ñÏ»Éáõ Ù³ÍáõÝáí å³ïñ³ëïáõ³Í ³åáõñÇ ³Ýáõ³ÝáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ. ³Ýßáõßï ³ëáÝù áõÝÇÝ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý Ó»õÇ »õ µ³Õ³¹ñÇãÝ»ñáõ ³éáõÙáí, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Çñ³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý Ù¿ç Ù³ÍáõÝáí å³ïñ³ëïáõ³Í ³Ûë Ï»ñ³Ïñ³ï»ë³ÏÁ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ËáѳÝáóÇ ³Ù»Ý³ï³ñ³Íáõ³Í ³åáõñÝ ¿ ï³ñáõ³Û µáÉáñ »Õ³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ: úñáõ³Û Ù¿ç ³Ýå³ÛÙ³Ý ·áÝ¿ Ù¿Ï ³Ý·³Ù Ï»ñ³Í »Ý Ù³Íݳåáõñ ϳ٠ٳÍݳµñ¹áß: Àëï ϳñ· ÙÁ ³½·³·ñ³·»ïÝ»ñáõ ³ÛÝ ÏÁ ѳٳñáõÇ ³ëïáõ³ÍÝ»ñáõ Ï»ñ³Ïáõñ, ѳõ³Ý³µ³ñ ×»ñÙ³Ï ÁÉɳÉáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ, ݳ»õ Ó³õ³ñÇ û·ï³·áñÍٳٵ: ³ݳåáõñÇ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñÁ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ »Ý »õ ³Ûɳ½³Ý. Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ßñç³Ý, ï³ñµ»ñ »Õ³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ áõÝÇ Çñ ï»ë³Ï³ÝÇÝ. ÙÇ³Ï ÝáÛÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Ù³ÍáõÝáí å³ïñ³ëïáõÇÉÝ ¿, »ñµ»ÙÝ ëáíáñ³Ï³Ý Ù³ÍáõÝ, »ñµ»ÙÝ ³É ãáñó³Í Ù³ÍáõÝ` ãáñóÝ, ϳ٠å³Ñ»ëï³õáñáõ³Í` »÷³Í Ù³ÍáõÝ Ï³Ù å½Ï³Ã³Ý, ëճóÝ, ³ÕÇóÝ, »õ³ÛÉÝ: àñå¿ë ³ñÙïÇù ³ñ»õ»É»³Ý г۳ëï³ÝÇ ßñç³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ï³ñ³Íáõ³Í ¿ Ó³õ³ñÁ, ÇëÏ ë÷Çõéù³Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ËáѳÝáóÇÝ Ù¿ç ³ÛÅÙ ³õ»ÉÇ ß³ï µñÇÝÓ ÏÁ ·áñͳÍáõÇ: ÆëÏ Ï³Ý³ã»Õ¿ÝÁ ³Ûɳ½³Ý ¿, ÓÙñ³Ý` ãáñ³ó³Í ϳݳãÇ, ÇÝãå¿ë` ³Ý³ÝáõË, áõñÓ Ï³Ù ¹³ÕÓ, ·³ñݳÝ` ï³ñµ»ñ í³ÛñÇ Ï³Ý³ãÇÝ»ñ áõ µ³Ýç³ñÝ»ñ, ³Ùñ³Ý áõ ³ßݳÝ` ï³ñµ»ñ óñ٠ϳݳãÇÝ»ñ, ûñÇݳÏ` ÍÇÃñáÝ: ³ݳåáõñÁ, áñå¿ë ïûݳÍÇë³Ï³Ý ׳ß, Û³ïáõÏ

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ûñ»ñáõÝ Ï »÷áõÇ Ùë³çñáí ϳ٠ÏáÉáɳÏáí:Úáõñ³Û³ïáõÏ ¿ ²ñó³Ë»³Ý ËáѳÝáóÇ ÑÁé³Í³ÍÁ, áñÁ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇ ³Ùñ³Ý. ³ÛÝ Ù³ÍáõÝáí »õ µñÇÝÓáí ³åáõñ ¿, »÷»Éáõó Û»ïáÛ Ù¿çÁ ÏÁ É»óáõÇ Ù»Í ã³÷áí Ù³Ýñ³óáõ³Í óñÙ ³Ý³ÝáõË, ·ÇÝÓ »õ ë³ÙÇÃ: ¼³Ý·»½áõñ»³Ý óݻëå³ëÁ Û³×³Ë ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇ ËÝáóÇ Ã³Ýáí, ÏÁ Ù³ïáõóáõÇ ãáñ ɳõ³ßÇ íñ³Û É»óÝ»Éáí ï³ù óÝÁ, íñ³Ý` ëáË»ñ³ÍÁ É»éݳÛÇÝ Ï³Ý³ãÇÝ»ñáí: ÒÙñ³Ý ÝáÛÝ ×³ßÁ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëï»Ý ãáñ³Ã³Ýáí: ê³ ß³ï Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ¿ ݳ»õ ³ÛÝ ³éáõÙáí, áñ ˳ßÇ ÝÙ³Ý ÑÇõñ³ëÇñáõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÇ »õ Ù»Í ÃÇõáí ÑÇõñ»ñ ÏÁ Ññ³õÇñáõÇÝ: гõ³Ý³µ³ñ ³ñÙ³ïÝ»ñÁ Ïáõ ·³Ý ÑÇÝ Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÝ»ñ¿, »ñµ ÍÇë³Ï³Ý Ï»ñ³Ïáõñ áñå¿ë ÏÁ Ù³ïáõó õ¿ñ ³ëïáõ³ÍÝ»ñáõÝ:ÜٳݳïÇå ³ñ³ñáÕáõû³Ùµ ÏÁ ׳߳ÏáõÇ Ý³»õ ãáñóݿ ׳ßÁ, áñÁ »÷³Í ÏáñÏáï ¿, ÏáÕù»ñÁ ÏÁ É»óáõÇ ï³ù ãáñóÝÁ, ÇëÏ íñ³Ý` ÇõÕ Ï³Ù ëáË»ñ³Í: ³ݳåáõñÇ ³Ù³éݳÛÇÝ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇ ³é³Ýó ÇõÕÇ, »ñµ»ÙÝ ³É ÏÁ Ù³ïáõóáõÇ ë³éáÛóáí: ê³ëÝ³Û å³Õ³åáõñÁ ã³÷³½³Ýó å³ñ½ ¿, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý ÁÉɳÉáí Ù»Í ï³ñ³ÍáõÙ áõÝÇ. Ë³ß³Í Ó³õ³ñÇ íñ³Û ÏÁ É»óáõÇ Ù³ÍáõÝ »õ ÷áßÇ ³Ý³ÝáõË: ²Ûó»É»Éáí Ç٠ϳÛù¿çÇ www.sonia.am ³õ³Ý¹³Ï³Ý ËáѳÝáó µ³ÅÇÝÁ ÏÁ ͳÝûóݳù í»ñáÛÇß»³É µ³Õ³¹ñ³ïáÙë»ñáõÝ: ²Ûëûñ Ù»Ýù Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»Éáõ »Ýù óݳåáõñÇ ï³ñµ»ñ³Ï ÙÁ, áñÁ ÏÁ ѳٳñáõÇ ýÇï³ÛÇÝ»ñáõ ׳ßÁ:

ä³ïñ³ëïáõÃÇõÝ Ü³Ë³å¿ë Ãñç»É Ó³õ³ñÝ áõ ëÇë»éÁ, ³å³ ˳߻É: ä³Õ»É¿Ý Û»ïáÛ É»óÝ»É Ù³ÍáõÝÁ, Ñ³Ù»Ù»É »õ Ù³ïáõó»É ûñÃÇÏ - ûñÃÇÏ »Õ³Í ÍÇÃñáÝáí:

ÊÙµ³·ñáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿

§ÂáñáÝÃáѳۦ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ã¿ Çñ ¿ç»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í ͳÝáõóáõÙÝ»ñáõ µáí³Ý¹³Ïáõû³Ý: Ø»½Ç ÛÕáõ³Í µáÉáñ ÃÕóÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »ÝÃ³Ï³Û »Ý áñáß ËÙµ³·ñáõÙÇ:

25

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2011 26 ¼.ú¶àêîàê î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 70

SunSwim Aquatics provides swimming lessons to anyone, from toddlers, teenagers, adults and people with special needs. Our prices are very affordable and schedule is built around yours! You can come to OUR pool, or we can travel to YOURS. It s your choice! Lifesaving Society certifications include: · Standard First Aid with CPR-C · Lifesaving & Swim Instructor · National Lifeguard Pool · AED · Lifeguards for private occasions Visit www.sunswim.ca or call Michael at 416 898 7122 for more information. *Fluent in Armenian & English

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for Sale (or rent)

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Torontohye Newspaper Publisher Torontohye communications Inc. 45 Hallcrown Place Willowdale, ON M2J 4Y4 Email:torontohye@gmail.com Phone: (416) 491- 2900 ext. 3 Fax: (416) 491- 2211

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Parseh Margarosyan

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²ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñ ²ñßû ¼³ù³ñ»³Ý êáõñ¿Ý â¿ùÇ×»³Ý ³ٳñ îûݳå»ï»³Ý ø³Ãdz î¿ñ Úáí³ÏÇÙ»³Ý

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ê»õ³Ï Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý лé.ª 416-878-0746

(Gr.5 Gr.12)

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ú¶àêîàê 2011 ¼. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 70

27

& Charters Ltd.

Þðæ²äîàÚî Þðæ²äîàÚî ¹¿åÇ ¹¿åÇ

²ÃɳÝÃÇù ²ÃɳÝÃÇù êÇÃÇ êÇÃÇ »õ »õ üÇɳ¹»Éýdz üÇɳ¹»Éýdz ú·áëïáë 28-29-30 سÝñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ýó ѳٳñ ¹Çٻɪ ´»Ýݳ ³ñ½ÇÇÝ 416-494-0606 ϳ٠416-494-4067

ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ²Ù»ñÇϳÛÇ Úáõß³ñÓ³ÝÝ»ñáõ »õ ÞÇñÙ³ù³ñ»ñáõ ßÇÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ٻͳ·áÛÝ Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÝ ¿ Stone Craft ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝÁ, áõñ ÏÁ ·ïÝ¿ù Ïñ³ÝÇû³Û »õ ³ÛÉ ù³ñ»ñ ½³Ý³½³Ý ã³÷»ñáí: Ø»ñ ïñ³Ù³¹ñáõû³Ý ï³Ï áõÝÇÝù ɳõ³·áÛÝ áñ³ÏÇ ù³ñ»ñª Û³ñÙ³ñ³·áÛÝ ·ÇÝ»ñáí, áñáÝó íñ³Û ÏñݳÝù µ³ñÓñáñ³Ï ³ñáõ»ëïÇ ×³ß³Ïáí Ó»ñ ëÇñ»ÉÇÝ»ñáõ ÝϳñÝ»ñÁ, ³ÝáõÝÝ»ñÁ »õ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÇ, ëñïÇ Ëûëù»ñÁ ù³Ý¹³Ï»É ѳۻñ¿Ý, ³Ý·É»ñ¿Ý »õ ³ÛÉ É»½áõÝ»ñáí:

As one of North Americaþs largest monument dealers, our volume buy­ ing assures you of quality and satis­ faction at the lowest possible price. We have a wide range of granite and designs from which you can select the memorial that best suits your needs.

Ò»ñ ³åëåñ³ÝùÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ ¹ÇÙ»ó¿ù Ú³Ïáµ Ö³Ýå³½»³ÝÇÝ, áñ å³ïñ³ëï ¿ ɳõ³·áÛÝ ëå³ë³ñÏáõû³Ùµ ·áѳóÝ»Éáõ Ó»½, ³ñ³· »õ Ù³ïã»ÉÇ ·ÇÝ»ñáí: Ñ»é³Ó³Ûݪ Ú. Ö³Ýå³½»³Ý 416-885-1430 Ask for Hagop ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³Ï 416-667-1474 80 Martin Ross Ave.

Design of Monuments Engraving Cemetery Lettering Portriats on Stone Factory Retail to the Public

2011 28 ¼.ú¶àêîàê î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 70