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Volume 13, No. 6 (150), APRIL 2018 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper

TO ADVERTISE IN CANADA s ONLY ARMENIAN MONTHLY NEWSPAPER CALL 416-878-0746

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Serving our Community for 30 years

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Ã»³Ý ³éÇÃáí£ Ï³Ý»ñÁ ³éÇÃÁ áõÝ»ó³Ý ½ñáõó»Éáõ Ã¿° Ð³Ù³½·³ÛÇÝÇ ¶É³Óáñ Ù³ëÝ³×ÇõÕÇ Êáõå¿ë¿ñ»³Ý ÍÝ³Í ¿ º·ÇåïáëÇ ³ñáõ»ëï³·¿ïÇÝ »õ Ã¿ ³ÛÉ ³ñáõ»ëï³- óáõó³Ñ³Ý¹¿ëÇ Û³ÝÓÝ³ËáõÙµÇÝ ï³ñ»²É»ùë³ÝïñÇ³ ù³Õ³ùÁ »õ Ñ³ëï³ïá- ë¿ñÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï: Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõÃ»³Ý, µ³ó ÙÝ³ó Ø³ñï õ³Í ª ¶³Ý³ï³ ³õ»ÉÇ ù³Ý 50 ï³ñÇ ³òáõó³Ñ³Ý¹¿ëÁ« áñ Ù³ë ÏÁ Ï³½Ù¿ñ 7¿Ý 11: é³ç£ öáùñ ï³ñÇù¿Ý óáõó³µ»ñ³Í ¿ Çñ ëï»ÕÍ³·áñÍ³Ï³Ý ï³Õ³Ý¹ »õ ¶³Ý³ï³ ·³ÕÃ»É¿Ý ³é³ç« Ù»Í Û³çáÕáõÃ»³Ùµ ³õ³ñï³Í ¿ ÐéáÙÇ School of Fine ArtsÁ£ òáõó³¹ñ³Í ¿ Çñ ·áñÍ»ñÁ ³ßË³ñÑÇ Bookkeeper ãáñë ÏáÕÙÁ »õ ëï³ó³Í µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ Ùñó³Ý³Ï»ñ, ßù³Ýß³ÝÝ»ñ « áñáÝóÙ¿ Ï'³ñÅ¿ ÛÇß³ï³Ï»É ª Prix de Paris Armenian Community Centre, Toronto (Full Time) Raymond Duncan in Drawing« Canada Council for the Arts Travel Grant« Rubens The Armenian Community Centre (ACC) is a non-profit organization that offers Prize« Festival de St-Germain des Pres the GTA and community at large the richness and traditions of Armenian culture et d Art Graphique »õ ß³ï áõñÇßÝ»ñ£ through artistic, athletic, recreational, intellectual, social and spiritual programs. Êáõå¿ë¿ñ»³Ý ï³Ï³õÇÝ µ»ÕÙÝ³The ACC is seeking an experienced Bookkeeper to oversee and manage the õáñ ³ñáõ»ëï³·¿ï ¿ª Çñ ·áõÝ³·»Õ ÝÏ³ñfinancials for the Armenian Community Centre, Armenian Youth Centre and ARS ã³Ï³Ý ·áñÍ»ñáí« áñáÝù ÏÁ Ïñ»Ý ³ÛÅArmenian Private School. The role will have dual reporting both to the Chair of Ùáõ Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ »õ ³ÝÑáõÝ ÃñÃéáõÝ the ARS Armenian Private School Board of Directors and a delegate from the ACC ï»ë³Ï¿ï£ Board of Directors. The role will work with the school administration, treasurer, and òáõó³Ñ³Ý¹¿ëÇ µ³óáõÙÁ Ï³ï³ñ»ó AYC and ACC managers on a regular basis and ACC organizations as required. ê³ñÇÏ ä³å»³ÝÁ, áñ ù³ç³É»ñ»ó Ý»ñThe Bookkeeper provides day-to-day data-entry, bookkeeping, and administrative Ï³Ý»ñÁ §ÁÝÏÕÙ»Éáõ ³ñáõ»ëï³·¿ïÇ support. Working with multiple volunteer stakeholders, confidentiality, professionalism ëï»ÕÍ³·áñÍ³Ï³Ý áíÏÇ³ÝáëÇÝ Ù¿ç¦: and accuracy are core requirements of this role. ºõ ÇëÏ³å¿ë ³É Ý»ñÏ³Ý»ñÁ ÑÇ³óÙáõÝùáí Ïáñëáõ»ó³Ý Êáõå¿ë¿ñ»³ÝÇ ³ñáResponsibilities and Duties õ»ëïÇ Ý»ñ³ßË³ñÑÇÝ Ù¿ç£ · All full-cycle accounting duties òáõó³Ñ³Ý¹¿ëÇÝ ÁÝÃ³óùÇÝ, Ý»ñ· Sales transaction entries · Invoicing · Customer statement preparation · A/R processes · A/P processes including issuing customer and expense claim cheques · Issuing Tax deductible receipts and maintaining annual logs of all transactions RESTAURANT · Monthly bank reconciliations for multiple bank accounts · Payroll responsibilities Ð³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý é»ëïáñ³ÝÇ Ù¿ç LINE CHEF'S NEEDED, · Government filing for monthly, quarterly and/or semiannually HST Returns for multiple ³ßË³ï»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÷ÝïñõáõÙ ¿ WAITRESS, HOSTESS, companies · Account Reconciliations ÊáÑ³ñ³ñ, BARTENDER AND · Prepared journal entries, as needed OTHER STAFF Êáñáí³ÍÇ Ù³ëÝ³·¿ï · Project Accounting FOR A NEWLY OPENED ÊÙáñÇ Ù³ëÝ³·¿ï, · Financial reporting, including preparing monthly financials for multiple companies ARMENIAN RESTAURANT · Preparing annual budget Ø³ïáõóáÕ · Prepare and provide financial data for external auditor Call Grisha - 416-625-3527 · Filing and archiving of source documents Qualifications · Minimum 3 years experience in bookkeeping Skills · Must have a strong understanding of accounting principles and concepts. · Computer literacy and expert skills with QuickBooks, Simply Accounting and Microsoft Office are required. · Understands and demonstrates the value of confidentiality and professionalism. · Exceptional attention to detail and high degree of accuracy without supervision. · Strong analytical and problem-solving skills. · Self-starter, can work in a team and independently. · Strong organizational skills with attention to detail.

JOB POSTING

Salary: TBD, will include basic benefits Work Location: Armenian Community Centre 45 Hallcrown Place. Toronto, ON. Hours: Full Time, Flexible Hours How to Apply: Please forward your cover letter and resume by email to: communityplanning@armenian.ca with the heading Bookkeeper in the subject line in order to be considered for the position. Please apply by email only. We appreciate all expressed interest in this position, however, only the candidates selected for interview will be contacted. Application Deadline: April 30, 2018, 5:00pm

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Ð³õÏÃ³Ë³Õ ÏÁ Ë³Õ³Ýù áõ Ï'»ñ·»Ýù« ¼³ïÏáõ³Û å³ïÙáõÃÇÝÝ»ñ ÏÁ ËûëÇÝù« êÇñ»Éáõ ÙÇßï ²ëïáõ³ÍÇÝ ûñ« Þ³ï ÏÁ ëÇñ»Ù ¼³ïÇÏÇ ïûÝ: Â³ÝÇ³ ²Ã³Ù¿ñ ê© ¼³ïÇÏ ¼³ïÇÏÁ áõñ³Ë ûñ ÙÁÝ ¿« ÚÇëáõëÇ Û³ñáõÃ»³Ý ïûÝÝ ¿« ºÏ»Õ»óÇ Ï'»ñÃ³Ýù ÁÝï³Ý»ûù« §úñÑÝ»³É ¿ Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ øñÇëïáëÇ¦ Ù³ÕÃ»Éáí: Î³ÉÇ³ ÂÇù×»³Ý

Ðå³ñï Ñ³Û»ñ ÏÁ ï»ëÝ»Ýù« Þ³ù³ñ« ßáùáÉ³ Ù»Ýù Ï'áõï»Ýù« ÀÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ñ»ï Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ï'³ÝóÁÝ»Ýù« ê© ¼³ïÇÏ ÚÇëáõë ä³å³ÛÇÝ ÏÁ ÛÇß»Ýù: Î³ñ¿Ý ê³ÉÉ³Ë»³Ý Æ¯Ýã Ñ³×»ÉÇ ïûÝ ¿ ¼³ïÇÏÁ« »ñµ »ñÏ³ñ ³ñÓ³Ïáõñ¹ Ï'áõÝ»Ý³Ýù »õ Ù»Í áõñ³ËáõÃ»³Ùµ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇÝù ¼³ïÇÏÁ ¹ÇÙ³õáñ»Éáõ: Ø³Ûñë Ï³ñÏ³Ý¹³Ï ÏÁ ê© ¼³ïÇÏ å³ïñ³ëï¿« ·áÛÝ½·áÛÝ Ñ³õÏÇÃÝ»ñ ÏÁ Ý»ñÏ¿« áñå¿ëÚÇëáõë Ë³ãÇÝ íñ³Û Ë³ãáõ»ó³õ« ½Ç Ñ³õÏÃ³Ë³Õ ÁÝ»Ýù »õ áõñ³Ë³Ý³Ýù Ù»ñ ÁÝ»ñÝ»ºñ»ù ûñ í»ñç Û³ñáõÃÇõÝ ³é³õ« ñáõÝ Ñ»ï: ²Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ ³ÝÑ³Ùµ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ù ¼³Ø»ñ Ù»Õù»ñáõÝ ù³õáõÃÇõÝ ï³Éáõ« ïÇÏÁ« áñå¿ë½Ç Áë»Ýù© §øñÇëïáë Ú³ñ»³õ Æ àõ Ù³ñ¹áó ûñÇÝ³Ï ÁÉÉ³Éáõ: ²õ»ïÇë ¶ñÅÇù»³Ý Ø»é»Éáó¦« §úñÑÝ»³É ¿ Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ øñÇëïáëÇ¦: ²ÝÝ³ î³Ý³ï»³Ý ê© ¼³ïÇÏ ¼³ïÇÏ Ïáõ ·³Û ß³ï ßáõïáí« Ð³õÏÇÃ Ý»ñÏ»Ýù ·áÛÝ»ñáí« ÜÇÝ³ñ¿ Ü³½³ñ»³Ý àñ Ë³Õ³Ýù ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñáí« ÆÝãå¿ë Ý³»õª µáõÝ ÁÝï³ÝÇùáí: ÚÇëáõë Ù»é³õ Ù»½ Ñ³Ù³ñ« Ê³ãáõ»ó³õ áõ ã³ñã³ñáõ»ó³õ« ºÏ»Õ»óÇ »ñÃ³Ýù« ³ÕûÃ»Ýù« Ø»ñ Ù»Õù»ñáõ ù³õáõÃÇõÝ ËÝ¹ñ»Ýù: ¶³Û³Ý¿ ²ñÃÇÝ»³Ý Ü³Ý³ñ Þ¿ûÑÙ»É»³Ý

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Taste ofAleppo Aleppo Taste of #1 Baklava in Toronto

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TORONTO ARMENIANS

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CULTURE

ARS Roubina Chapter s 9th Annual International Women s Day Event Celebration

By: Raffaella Keshishian ARS Roubina Chapter celebrated International Women s Day on March 4, at the Westin Prince Hotel in Toronto with 410 women and men in attendance. There was a pre-luncheon reception with finger foods and refreshments. While socializing, there was a beautiful photo booth designed by Paper Blossoms by Margo which helped set an atmosphere of loveliness, magnificence, and beauty. Hosts of the event Ani Titizian and Hoorik Yeghiazarian (who addressed the audience in both Armenian and English) spoke passionately about the importance of celebrating International Women s Day every year and the many magnificent projects that ARS undertakes around the world. On a day like International Women s Day, it s necessary to reflect on the strides women have taken and the barriers that have been broken. Historically women have been seen as the inferior gender. Women have faced discrimination from every level and have had to fight for their rights for decades. It used to be assumed that women were unable to handle pressures of life outside of their home. There was a time that women could not vote, could not work, and were excluded from politics and sports. Women s role was confined to raising children and keeping the household and family together. Cambridge University only fully validated degrees for women in 1947 and in 1963, only 55 years ago, the Equal Pay Act was passed. The following year, the Civil Rights Act granted equal rights to women in all areas of employment. Over the years, women fought to be seen as more than just wives and mothers and wanted recognition of being whatever they dreamed of. The keynote speaker of the event was Dr. Maral Ouzounian, the only Armenian cardiac surgeon in Canada. During her speech, she reminded us all that anything is possible we can have it all: a career and a family. Dr. Ouzounian is married to Michael Torbay and has two sons: Oliver and Wesley. Her family moved to Toronto from Lebanon when Dr. Ouzounian was just a little girl. Lena Ouzounian, her mother, who introduced her to the audience, described her firstborn as a happy child and said she preferred to run growing up. She would fall, but always got up, Mrs. Ouzounian recalled. She persistently got up and kept going. She was fierce and optimistic. This would be how she lived her life as she got older. Her father, Dr. Zareh Ouzounian, introduced Dr. Maral and her two sisters to sports without setting limits due to the fact that they were girls. Her parents encouraged their daughters to do anything they wanted. Not only did she share her personal story, but she educated the sold-out crowd of women and men about the number one killer of women: heart disease. She informed the audience that women are least likely to get checked, and their blood pressure is likely to rise as they get older. She said that if women ate right, didn t smoke and stayed active, they would reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease by 82%. Although Dr. Ouzounian is now in the science field, she always loved reading and would read during class. Music also played a big role in her life and was successful as she won piano playing competitions at the provincial and national levels. Music taught her a lot when it came time for medical school, like memorization, practice, discipline, and appreciation for the arts. In fact, in 2001 during Dr. Ouzounian s

Dr. Maral Ouzounian

ARS IWD committee members

Lena Ozounian

MCs Ani Titizian and Hoorik Yeghiazarian

medical school entrance interview, the interviewer was more interested in her music background than her medical school application. In May 2017, the Toronto Star published an article on Dr. Ouzounian she was working, while pregnant with her second child, on Mother s Day. She credits her success to her hard work and dedication, but she knows that her cornerstone is her family. Without them, she said, I wouldn t have accomplished anything. She referred to her family as a village, and they are the only reason her unconventional lifestyle works. Dr. Ouzounian is a great role model for women to go after what they want. Being a woman never stopped her, and now, she is saving lives as a cardiovascular heart surgeon. She is proof that anything is possible. Events like these put together by ARS Toronto Roubina Chapter help inspire women and men of all ages to find what they re passionate about and go after their dreams. For a young woman like me, it s important to see someone such as Dr. Ouzounian succeeding in a field where we typically don t see many women. Dr. Ouzounian received standing ovation at the end of her speech. She was presented by a bouquet of flowers and a small gift by Iren Telemian, the Chair of ARS Roubina Chapter and by Isabelle Davidian, the Chair of the International Women s Day Event Committee. Lunch followed the keynote speech during which classical guitarist Haig Ashod Beylerian, entertained the audience with his music. After the luncheon, Hoori Chitilian and Seven Titizian hosted a fashion show which featured clothes by NVU Boutique and Rebellious Rose Boutique. The three segments showcased clothes for daytime, business and evening wear and were modeled by 10 volunteers of all ages and sizes. A portion of the net proceeds of this event will support hEr VOLUTION, which provides

IWD event attendees

Youth performing fashion show

assistance, counselling and support to young women seeking employment in STEM-related fields (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) and to ARS Mother and Child Health

and Birthing Center in Akhourian, Armenia to which ARS has been providing financial support for years and which registers more than 1,200 births annually.

TAI TAD

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Raffy Boudjikanian On His New Book Journey through Genocide: Stories of Survivors and the Dead Raffy Boudjikanian is a national reporter for CBC Edmonton who has travelled to meet genocide survivors in Chad (where Darfuri refuges are located), Kigali (Rwanda), and Kharpert (Turkey). His encounters and experiences are compiled in a book Journey through Genocide, Stories of Survivors and the Dead , due out in mid-April. TorontoHye editor Karin Saghdejian had an email interview with Boudjikanian about his visits and how they changed or added to his understanding of the crimes against humanity. Karin Saghdejian -Raffy, how did you come up with the idea of writing this book? Raffy Boudjikanian- Having grown up in an Armenian household, I've been interested in the history of crimes against humanity from an early age. I learned about the Armenian Genocide and what happened to my own ancestors. Shortly after deciding I wanted to be a journalist for a living, I began planning a trip to different countries where there had been genocides, in an effort to better understand what victims and survivors go through firsthand. My original intention was to produce some short radio documentaries from each segment of the trip, and then link them all together in one longer piece when I returned. But that latter project just proved too daunting. I'd come back to Canada from a five-week trip through Chad, Rwanda and Turkey with more than twenty hours of interviews. Luckily, I'd also kept a diary every day. So, I switched gears and tried my hand at writing a nonfiction book instead, and here we are. KS-You travel to meet both the survivors and the sites of the major genocides of our times. Besides the horrors of these crimes, as a journalist what are you looking for? RB- Especially in the cases of Rwandans and Darfuris, I was looking to see how people cope with trauma, and how genocide affects them to this day. News stories about crimes against humanity tend to be, by the very nature of the medium, largely about the moment the atrocities occur. Rarely do they explore what mark the events leave on survivors. I believed meeting them, seeing how they live--in Darfuris' cases, as refugees in another

country, after all they've already been through-would help me better understand what my own grandparents' generation went through, and, hopefully, better explain to the world what modern survivors are going through right now. KS-You visit genocides that differ from each other in terms of execution, and aftermath. What similarities and parallels can you draw? RB-It struck me that in all three cases, the victims and survivors appear unable to move on unless there really is some sort of attempt at justice. In Chad, some of the Darfuris I met wanted to return home, but they could not, because Sudan's president, Omar AlBashir, is the same person whom they hold responsible for what happened to them. He's wanted by the International Criminal Court but has never accepted to face his charges. In Rwanda, justice is being meted out. Even as the victims and perpetrators live side by side in the spirit of reconciliation, the country is still looking for génocidaires to bring them to trial. And in Turkey, the Armenians I met still want to look for some sort of acknowledgement by the country that what happened to their ancestors was genocide. That is to say, nothing, of course, of the demands by Diaspora Armenians and the country of Armenia. KS-- What impact do the post genocidal trials have both on the psyche of the victim and the perpetrator? Of the three cases I examine in the book, I only really noticed the justice system at work in Rwanda. The country's government preaches moving on and reconciliation, but also clearly believes these goals are tied to justice. It has a special prosecution office dedicated to hunting down escaped and exiled genocidaires and bringing them back to their home country to face criminal trials. Now, this may be a government initiative, but as far as I could tell, the idea resonated with the average Rwandan, too. I attended a genocide reconciliation workshop for high school students while I was in Kigali. One of the lecturers played a short audio clip, about forty seconds, then hit pause and asked listeners if they could identify the person on tape. "[Léon] Mugesera," the room said in quasi-unanimity. Mugesera, back then, was a man wanted for genocide-related charges, specifically hate speech, in relation to a speech he'd made in 1992 comparing the Tutsi to cockroaches. Keep in mind this audience consisted of people who would not yet have been born when he said those words...and yet they all identified him.

Raffy Boudjikanian in Kharpert, Turkey, May 2012.

Furthermore, Mugesera actually appeared in a pre-trial court proceeding while I was in Kigali (he'd be found guilty years later). I attended the hearing, and discovered a packed courtroom audience, and a flurry of activity at the courthouse. Clearly, there was a lot of interest in the case. I can also tell you that in Rwanda's case, the country has found it important to mete out justice itself, instead of relying on the international community. According to Jean Bosco Siboyintore, the head of the aforementioned special prosecution office, it was not until 2011 that the U.N. approved having one of its own war crimes defendants transferred to Rwanda's jurisdiction, four years after the country abolished its death penalty. KS- What do victims of a genocide really want? RB- I believe they are looking for acknowledgement, both by the wider world and the perpetrator, of what happened to them. The refugee Darfuri student I told you about knew that telling me his story was not going to get him out of his situation. But he also understood that I was a journalist and would communicate what's happened to him to an audience. Even in Rwanda, where reconciliation is the political order of the day, I met one survivor who was furious that she had confronted one of the men whom she was sure had helped kill her family, only for him to completely deny it. She told me she would have been ready to forgive him, if only he'd admitted to what he'd done. KS- Is reconciliation, in the real sense of the word, possible and what is the most

important step to achieve it? RB- As a journalist, I'm not sure I can speak for different political actors with their own agendas, and I should not do that. But based on my observations during this trip, and a general understanding of history, I would say reconciliation appears to work out when there's a sincere acknowledgement by the perpetrator of what they've done, and sincere attempts at apology or atonement. KS- You visit Istanbul and Kharpert, your ancestral home. How does a close-up view of the aftermath of a genocide change your perception of it? RB- I'm not sure my perception of the Armenian Genocide changed per se. Intellectually, I've known about how my greatgrandfather and others were killed, and the rest of my family escaped, since I was a little boy. I was surprised at the level of fear I found among Armenians in Turkey, 97 years after 1915 (the trip was in 2012). I suppose it does add something to my understanding of the events when I heard from Armenians in Istanbul that they estimate there are only about 40 Armenians living in the entire region surrounding Kharpert now. I met one of those 40 Armenians, and very briefly interviewed them. I tried pushing them to speak more, and to not hide behind anonymity, and their answer to those requests both devastated me and made me see their point: "Hrant Dink spoke. What happened to him?" Journey through Genocide: Stories of Survivors and the Dead published by (Dundurn Press, April 2018: https://www.dundurn.com/books/Journeythrough-Genocide)

Zoryan Organizes Symposium on Climate Change and Population Growth: Future Threats and Solutions The study of genocide and human rights has been based on important case studies such as the Armenian Genocide, The Holocaust and the genocide in Rwanda among others. However, new models of genocide and human rights violations have begun to emerge. The older cases of nation-states targeting specific groups for destruction has given way to more dispersed forms of violence perpetrated by criminal groups and national/religious, ethnic based organizations such as ISIS. Confrontation with these altered forms of violence must be addressed if the puzzle of genocidal violence is to ever be solved. In this context, Zoryan Institute organized a Symposium on Climate Change and Population Growth: Future Threats and Solutions that took place on March 9, 2018 at Munk School of Global Affairs Conference Centre, University of Toronto. The symposium brought together the leading experts in the field of climate change and population growth to explore the future causes of continuing genocides. The symposium particularly focused on climate

change and population growth which are already having a global impact to cause political violence and might very well lead to future genocides. The first session of the symposium began with a lecture by Dr. Alex Alvarez, professor of criminal justice at Northern Arizona University and a founding co-editor of Genocide Studies International. Dr. Alvarez is the author of the most recent book on climate change and genocide: Unstable Ground: Climate Change, Conflict and Genocide . He laid out the possible connections between climate change and genocide. His lecture was followed by commentary and analysis by Dr. Herbert Hirsch, Professor of Political Science at Virginia Commonwealth University and one of the founding co-editors and remaining co- Dr. Henry Theriault, Dr. James Tyner and Dr. Roger Smith. editor of Genocide Studies International as well as an instructor in the summer seminar on climate change and genocide as of Genocide Studies International revealed on genocide and human rights. Dr. Hirsch authoritarian states do not take action to the implications of climate change and pointed out that Dr. Alvarez did not comment combat climate change nor to prevent genocide in the international political system. on the political connections and the relationship genocide. This was followed by a vigorous question and between the rise of populist/authoritarian A second commentary by Dr. Maureen answer session, which featured large scale movements and the decline of democracy. Hiebert, Professor of Political Science at the audience participation. Dr. Hirsch noted that this has major impacts University of Calgary and a former co-editor cont. on page 22

VARIETY

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ARS School Volleyball Wins 2nd Championship Banner

Swimming with the Sharks By: Talyn Terzian-Gilmour Every now and then, life seems to take on a sort of significance; the universe delivers. It s not always a good thing or a positive thing, rather, we take a step that is neither backward, nor sideways, but most definitely forward and toward something that we ve never seen before but that seems to be the next logical step to what had been brewing for some time. It seems to me that we rarely take the time to fully stop. STOP. Like stop reading this entry for a moment. Ok, stop reading this entry after you read the rest of this sentence and take a moment (like 10 seconds perhaps?) that will come after the period to do these things: close your eyes, take the deepest breath, hold it, and from behind your eyelids, try and see the light try and see the images that present themselves, and let yourself go .NOW. What did you see? Perhaps you saw nothing. Perhaps you counted to ten. Or perhaps, just perhaps, you, like me, began to smile a little at the wonder of just how vast your imagination can truly be and found it hard to focus on just one thing. This, is not a surprise. In our fast paced lives we rarely ever stop and seem to only have more and more questions to which thankfully google has most of the answers. But the burning questions, the questions we can t seem to find the answers for like, What am I really good at? or What is my purpose? seem to sit, marinate and take on a preternatural state than when you first started asking them days, months and years before. To make us stop, really stop, the universe has to compete with a lot of noise to be heard. I, for one, asking the universe to tell me, What is my purpose??? for some time now. I didn t initially; my path seemed so clear and certainly much clearer than my sister s (yes, I m competitive and that sentiment sometime knows no bounds). I was the goodie-two-shoes, straight-A-having, hardworking, conscientious, first born child who would never dream of letting ANYONE down. I would have a great job, get married, have 2 or maybe 3 children, a pet, and live in a 3-storey walk-up in midtown or by the beach in Malibu. But somewhere along the way I seemed to have taken a right, when I should ve gone left. And the question, got louder. Graduate degree, marriage, job, children, family, friends, passions, interests, ailments, losses and setbacks all of which surrounded and enveloped me and still, no answers. Yet, a building desire to find them. Along with a growing anxiety that I won t ever have the answers or that if I do, I won t be able to recognize them. Luckily, I was reminded once again that I need to have faith. And I had no trouble with this reminder as it felt like a blow to my head.

Faith is a tricky thing you can t really measure or examine it. Can you say a regular, Sunday church going person has more faith than me? Perhaps if demonstrating faith meant doing the obvious and traditional. What if I told you, though, that from a very young age I ve always looked up to the stars (or heavens) and spoken to God? That as an angst-filled teenager, many-a-night, I would step out of my window and onto our garage roof just to have some one-on-one moments with Him? Where I d talk about my doubts and troubles and be thankful for all the blessings I had. What about then? Such a contradiction with my unwavering belief in science but in great appreciation that science is boundless and so too, may be, our understanding of the world. But now I m getting far too philosophical! At any rate we re all individuals and what I have always had faith in though my anxieties have sometimes led me to doubt is that the universe finds a way. After many months of searching and asking, I finally heard the universe while on the Big Island of Hawaii when I came face to face with a family of reef sharks. It was a gloriously sunny day and my adventure-seeking family was once again on a snorkeling adventure to Kealakekua Bay one of the most magical snorkeling spots I ve ever been too and incidentally, the location of Captain James Cook s demise. He was the first European to arrive to the island and interestingly enough his boats were named Resolution and Discovery. And with my resolve to find answers, I discovered them. I leapt off the boat s near 15 ft high dive into the water and in so doing, may have completely left any worries behind plus the amount of adrenaline that then surged through my body felt like an enormous electric shock! Next, down another 10 or 15 ft below the water s surface and thanks to Mr. Niceguy s initial scouting, I came face to face with a family of reef sharks. All at once I wanted to run, but I kept swimming closer. I wanted to touch them, but one look into the eyes of that shark and I remembered to keep my distance. In that split second there was nothing else in the world and I don t know who would ve heard my call through my snorkel when all I could think to say was, Oh my God. The moment couldn t have been more pure. Akin to giving birth, a standing ovation at a performance or what I imagine would be breaking some sort of personal record. I had tremendous clarity. Now, a number of weeks have passed. I remember the feeling and still can t believe it happened. Was it real? Was I in a movie? Was it a dream? My old habits are starting to get in the way and doubt is creeping in but I must remember. I have just taken one big step forward now to find out where it leads

ARS school girls volleyball team

By Sam Manougian On March 1st, the ARS Armenian private school girls under 20 high school volleyball team participated in the SSAF high school girls volleyball championship tournament. The ARS school is a member of SSAF (Small Schools Athletic Federation), an organized league of many sports that run throughout the year. Five years ago athletic director Alex Movel set out to develop an athletic program that would add athletic achievement to academic excellence of the ARS school. He recruited volunteer coaches Sam Manougian and Jack Hagop Kakousian and started a training program for the girls volleyball team at the elementary and high school levels. For the first few years the teams struggled as they faced more experienced teams. However, the players never gave up and continued to work hard and started to develop their skills and teamwork. Every year their results slowly improved and finally won their first championship 2 years ago. Last year the team advanced all the way to the semi-finals before losing by a very close margin. This year the ARS team once again finished the regular league season in 1st place in their division with a perfect 6-0 win-loss record. They were headed to the final championship tournament as the number 1 seed. The top 4 teams in each division came together for an all-day tournament. The tournament draw was made up of 2 pools of 4 teams each. Each team would play a roundrobin match with each of the other 3 teams in their pool. The ARS team which finished in 1st place in the North Division was in the same pool with Toronto Prep and UOG who finished 2nd and 3rd in the South Division as well as Toronto Waldorf which finished 4th in the North Division. The ARS team completed their 3 roundrobin games in 1st place in their pool with a perfect undefeated record. In the semi-final game ARS faced a very tough team from Newtongrove who also happened to be last year s champions. ARS completely dominated the opposition and easily advanced to the championship final. After a long day and many matches it came down to 2 teams and the final match of the day to decide the championship. In the final championship game ARS was matched against the team from Hudson College. Hudson College was from the South division

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The afternoon session started with a lecture by Dr. James Tyner, Professor of Geography at Kent State University and the author of numerous books on the subject. Dr. Tyner drew a connection between population growth and population movements to climate change and political violence and genocide. His lecture was followed by comments from

and also had an undefeated record in the regular season. In the first game ARS completely dominated. The second game was much closer and as the whistle blew to end the game the ARS team erupted in celebration. They had captured their second volleyball championship banner in the last 3 years. They all cheered as they raised the championship banner with pride which was a culmination of all their hard work and dedication throughout the season. After 5 years of development it is official. The ARS school senior girls volleyball team and their development program is now known as a volleyball powerhouse. With a strong nucleus of players led by their leader and captain Liza Babaoglu and a large group of juniors coming up through the ranks, the ARS girls volleyball team will continue to grow and dominate for the next several years. The team will only lose one senior member Celia Barsamian who is in grade 12 and will be graduating this year. When asked about her experience playing volleyball at ARS, she replied: I was proud to be part of 2 championship teams and helped to bring 2 volleyball championship banners to ARS, especially in my graduating year. With a large number of grade 8 s moving up to the senior ranks next year, there will be a bigger pool of talent and the competition will be much tougher. Coach Jack Hagop Kakousian said: Our players matured throughout the season and when they set aside their individual needs and focused on the needs of the team, magic started to happen. It is all about attitude. Captain Liza Babaoglu provided the leadership the team needed on and off the court. Her experience was invaluable and she always provided the team with that extra lift when they needed it. During the championship tournament she said All the players supported each other. It was a team victory. We were focused on our goal but also had lots of fun playing volleyball this year. Thank you to all our coaches . Now the new championship banner hangs proudly in the ARS gymnasium next to all the other championship banners for all to see and as a constant reminder of their achievement. Every time the girls see the banner, they are reminded of what can be accomplished if you have a goal and are willing to work for it. The younger students see the banner and say: I am going to work hard, become a better athlete and win a championship banner for the school before I graduate. Dr. Roger Smith, co-editor of Genocide Studies International and a member of the Zoryan Institute Board of Directors who noted the importance of this subject and by Dr. Henry Theriault, Professor at Worcester State University and a co-editor of GSi, who provided contemporary examples and pointed out theoretical explanations. This was also followed by audience participation in a question and answer session.

ARMENIA

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Aurora Dialogues Hosts Humanitarian-Themed Panel at 9/11 Memorial Museum NEW YORK On March 1, The Aurora Humanitarian Initiative, in partnership with the National September 11 Memorial and Museum, hosted distinguished members of the humanitarian community for talks and a panel discussion during this year s Aurora Dialogues event. In past years, the Aurora Dialogues have taken place in various locations in Armenia, as well as in Berlin, Germany. This was its first time taking place in the United States. The event titled Solidarity Beyond Borders: Stepping Up When Others Step Back, focused on what moves people to risk their lives and stand up for others in challenging situations. The Dialogues began with words from Aurora Humanitarian Initiative co-founder Vartan Gregorian and National September 11 Memorial and Museum President and CEO Alice Greenwald. We are honored to join the Aurora Humanitarian Initiative in promoting the generosity of the human spirit, as this is also a positive legacy of the September 11, 2001 attacks, said Greenwald in her opening remark, These stories should be celebrated, and demonstrate that, when the times require, human decency will ultimately triumph over human depravity. Attendees to the event were greeted to the museum with a guided tour, where they experienced the exhibit, which consists of more than 900 personal and monumental objects and a collection that includes more than 60,000 items that present intimate stories of loss, compassion, reckoning and recovery linked to the events of 9/11 and the aftermath. Located on eight of the 16 acres of the World Trade Center site, the Memorial and Museum remember and honor the 2,983 people who were killed in the horrific attacks of September 11, 2001 and February 26, 1993. The Museum also explores the global impact of 9/11 and its continuing significance through education

Aurora Dialogues panelists: David Ignatius, Lieutenant Bill Keegan, Marguerite Barankitse and John Prendergast.

programs, public programs, live talks and film features that cover contemporary topics designed for diverse audiences. The Aurora Dialogues first presentation was given by world-renowned psychologist and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University, Dr. Philip Zimbardo, whose landmark psychological experiment in 1971 into the , launched a worldwide conversation into the capacity of ordinary people to commit acts of evil and has inspired an award-winning movie, a New York Times bestseller, and a documentary DVD. Dr. Zimbardo spoke atlength about his more recent project, the Heroic Imagination Project, a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting heroism in everyday life. The panel discussion was moderated by Washington Post Columnist and Associate Editor, David Ignatius. The panelists included 2016 Aurora Prize Laureate Marguerite Maggy Barankitse, who spoke about her traumatic experiences during the Burundian civil war, where she, a Tutsi, tried to hide 72

of her closest Hutu neighbors to keep them safe from persecution and was forced to watch as her neighbors were discovered and executed. She received the award in 2016 for her humanitarian work in spite of the horror she experienced. Focusing on youth to build a new generation, Barankitse has saved roughly 30,000 children as the founder of Maison Shalom, a children s home and support center, and treated more than 80,000 patients by founding the REMA Hospital in 2008. The panel also featured Lieutenant Bill Keegan, Retired Port Authority Police Department Lieutenant, Special Ops, who was Night Operations Commander of the World Trade Center Rescue/Recovery Teams at Ground Zero from September 11, 2001 until the end of the recovery, which was marked on May 30, 2002 when the last steel column from the original World Trade Center was ceremoniously removed. He spoke about the recovering the victims and sustaining the recovery teams mission of compassion and selflessness through his organization

H.E.A.R.T. 9/11, which utilizes first responders skills to respond to contemporary disasters and rebuild in hard-hit areas. The third panelist was human rights activist and Enough Project Founding Director, John Prendergast, who discussed his work utilizing the influence of modern celebrities in focusing global attention on humanitarian crises. Prendergast has also worked closely with celebrities like Angelina Jolie, George Clooney, and Don Cheadle to put an end to mass atrocities in Africa s deadliest conflict zones. At the end of the event, guests were offered a free copy of a recently published book titled Armenian Legacy of America: 400years Heritage, by Hayk Demoyan, the director of the Armenian Genocide MuseumInstitute. The book, which is dedicated to the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the first Armenian to America Martin the Armenian (Virginia, 1618), contains more than 2000 images of artifacts, documents and rare photos showing the history and legacy of the Armenian-American community. Most of the materials and visual data were being published for the first time. The book was published through the generous support of the Noubar and Anna Afeyan Foundation on behalf of the Aurora Humanitarian Initiative. Founded on behalf of the survivors of the Armenian Genocide and in gratitude to their saviors, the Aurora Humanitarian Initiative is an eight-year commitment (2015 to 2023, in remembrance of the eight years of the Armenian Genocide 1915-1923) to support people and promote global projects that tackle the needs of the most helpless and destitute and do so at great risk. The Initiative is the vision of philanthropists Vartan Gregorian, Noubar Afeyan and Ruben Vardanyan who have been joined by more than two hundred new supporters and partners.

Dean Cain, Montel Williams awarded Armenia s Order of Honor YEREVAN- President Serzh Sargsyan met with producers of the documentary Architects of Denial Dean Cain and Montel Williams and their families. The president shared his impressions of the film that premiered at Moscow Cinema on March 5, emphasizing its importance in the international recognition and condemnation of genocides, including the Armenian Genocide. Sargsyan noted that although there is much discussion on the topic in scientific circles, there is lack of documentaries, and the Architects of Denial comes to fill the gap.

The parallels between today s reality and the events of 100 years ago are very important, Sargsyan said. He pointed to the parallels between the Armenian Genocide and today s developments in Nagorno Karabakh. President Sargsyan awarded Dean Cain and Montel Williams with Orders of Honor for their contribution to the international recognition of the Armenian Genocide and prevention of genocides and crimes against humanity. The producers voiced hope that the film would help change perceptions of the issue not only in the US, but also worldwide.

Dean Cain and Montel Williams receive Order of Honor from Armenian president Serzh Sarkissian.

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ARTSAKH

Members of Congress Welcome Artsakh President to Capitol Hill on Historic Visit WASHINGTON In a first-ever visit to the U.S. Capitol by an Artsakh (Nagorno Karabakh) head of state, President Bako Sahakian delivered a powerful pro-peace and prosperity message to the American people, thanking U.S. legislators for ongoing aid programs and encouraging continued U.S. leadership toward a durable, democratic resolution of outstanding Artsakh-Azerbaijan status and security issues, reported the Armenian National Committee of America. Our people are building an independent, sovereign, democratic state and civil society, said Sahakian. We are committed to these ideas consciously. They have been inherited from generation to generation, constituting part and parcel of the Armenian civilization. Citing Artsakh s democratic and economic progress over the past 25 years, President Sahakian noted Representatives of numerous countries, including the United States, who periodically visit Artsakh, carry out observation missions in various elections also point to our achievements registered on this path. Artsakh people have earned the right to become a full member of the international community and to be integrated into the civilized world. President Sahakian concluded, noting Washington has a tangible role in maintaining peace and stability in our region, peaceful and just settlement of the Azerbaijani-Karabakh conflict conducting its mediation mission as a co-chair of the OSCE Minsk group. Cementing and deepening ties with the United States have always been and will remain among the fundamental directions of our foreign policy. The Artsakh briefing and reception marking the 30th anniversary of the Artsakh Movement on Capitol Hill featured Congressional participation by Congressional Armenian Caucus Co-Chairs Frank Pallone (D-NJ), Jackie Speier (D-CA) and David Valadao (R-CA), Vice-Chair Adam Schiff (DCA), and Representatives David Cicilline (DRI), Jim Costa (D-CA), Anna Eshoo (D-CA), and Brad Sherman (D-CA). They each welcomed the President and his delegation, which included Foreign Minister Masis Mayilian, Parliamentarians David Ishkhanian and David Melkoumyan, and the President s Deputy Chief of Staff David Babayan. They were accompanied by Artsakh s Representative in the United States, Robert Avetisyan. Also in attendance was Armenian Ambassador to the U.S. Grigor Hovhannisian and his Embassy team. Opening up the Congressional briefing, Rep. Pallone cited the importance of lifting artificial barriers to dialogue and travel to Artsakh. When we were there (in Armenia) in September, explained Rep. Pallone, we

were strongly urged by the Administration, by the State Department not to go to Artsakh, which I think is very wrong that they continue to do that. That is one of the reasons that we introduced this bill (H.Res.697) to make it clear that travel and communications with Artsakh even though it is not recognized by the United States is very important. Support for H.Res. 697, introduced in January, 2018, is growing with 12 cosponsors to date. Congressman Pallone went on to stress the importance continued visits to Artsakh as well as the continuation of U.S. assistance to Artsakh and the implementation of the RoyceEngel proposals for peace in the region. Congressional Armenian Caucus CoChair Jackie Speier (D-CA), one of two Members of Congress of Armenian descent, announced that she would be leading a Congressional delegation to Armenia and Artsakh this year to help everyone understand and appreciate what a grand and prosperous country it is and how important it is for Artsakh to be recognized as part of Armenia. Rep. Schiff told the ANCA of the importance of implementing the Royce-Engel proposals. That [the proposals], of course, are supported by Artsakh and Armenia but opposed by Azerbaijan, which has consistently been a belligerent and aggressor, but in the absence of that kind of deterrent, there is a grave risk that Azerbaijan may provoke a conflagration in the region, said Rep. Schiff. As Aliyev struggles with conflicts and unpopularity at home and spends billions on his military, there is a great temptation to use that, and we have to insist upon the peace as well as hold those who violate it accountable. Congresswoman Anna Eshoo (D-CA), also of Armenian and Assyrian descent and from Rep. Speier s neighboring district, spoke fondly of her trip to Armenia last September, and of her Armenian family present on Capitol Hill and across the United States, all dedicated to advancing Armenia and Artsakh priorities. During the Congressional luncheon, President Sahakian announced the awarding of Presidential Medals of Gratitude to a number of US legislators, including Senator Jack Reed (D-RI), House Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Ed Royce (R-CA) and Ranking Democrat Eliot Engel (D-NY), and Representatives David Cicilline, Jim Costa, Brad Sherman, Adam Schiff, and David Valadao. The Medal of Gratitude is awarded to individuals, organizations for significant contribution in restoring and developing the economy, science, culture, social spheres of the NKR as well as for defending and promoting international recognition of the Republic.

Artsakh president Bako Sahakian speaks at an event at the US Capitol, March 14.

Rep. Cicilline noted, I know that the relationship between Artsakh and the United States is a strong and important one and we will continue to do everything we can to support the aspirations of your countrymen and women and be sure that they enjoy freedom and independence and self-determination. He went on to praise the active efforts of the Armenian community in his state in support of Artsakh freedom and recognition. Rhode Island was the first state in the country to recognize the independence of Artsakh, said Rep. Cicilline, citing the efforts of ANC-Rhode Island leader Ani Haroian and his own staff member Lisa Sarkisian Tatarian. Rep. Cicilline issued a separate statement marking the occasion of President Sahakian s visit, noting, Since the fall of the Soviet Union, a new generation in Artsakh has grown up in freedom and under a democratic government of its own choosing. Artsakh has continued to strengthen its democracy, having held several parliamentary and presidential elections. Freedom House has consistently rated Artsakh more democratic than Azerbaijan. Rep. Sherman explained that For 22 years I have served on the Foreign Affairs Committee and Mr. President, this award is very important to me because one of the first things I did on the Committee was to introduce an amendment which would provide direct aid to the people of Artsakh. The State Department opposed it on the theory that it would be an implicit recognition of your independence. I thought, as they say in Silicon Valley, that s not a bug, that s a feature. And so, we secured $12 million to help people who needed help,

who were suffering as a result of war and hostility and we implicitly recognized the Republic of Nagorno Karabakh now the Republic of Artsakh, noting the important next step of explicitly recognizing Artsakh s independence. It was a great honor to be the first member of Congress in over a decade to touch soil in Nagorno Karabakh and see it for myself, said Central Valley California Congressman David Valadao (R-CA), who travelled to Artsakh in September, 2017, after having successfully spearheaded the Valadao Amendment securing $1.5 million in U.S. assistance for ongoing demining efforts through the HALO Trust. I still remember driving around Nagorno Karabakh and seeing all the families, the kids outside their living lives. You hear on the outside of the shelling, the sniper fire and the rocket fire in such a small country but people are living their lives just like our families here. So the resilience, the strength, the courage, of so many people is amazing to see, concluded Rep. Valadao. It was an honor to be awarded the Gratitude Medal by President Sahakian today, said Rep. Costa. We must continue to do all that we can to support the democratic independence of the Republic of Artsakh and the nation s rightful exercise of selfdetermination. On February 27th, Rep. Costa issued a powerful video statement marking the 30th anniversary of the Sumgait pogroms against Armenians. He was later joined by Representatives Pallone and Schiff in condemning the attacks and calling for justice for the victims.

ANCA Briefs Artsakh President Bako Sahakian at National Headquarters Artsakh President Bako Sahakian was joined by his Foreign Minister Masis Mayilian, Parliamentarians David Ishkhanian and David Melkoumyan, and his Deputy Chief of Staff David Babayan at a policy briefing by national and regional leaders of the Armenian National Committee of America on the full array of proArtsakh priorities at the national, state, and locals levels of the U.S. government. Prior to the policy briefing, President Sahakian visited the Aramian House, the downtown Washington, DC home of the ANCA s signature youth and career development initiatives: The ANCA Hovig Apo Saghdejian Capital Gateway Program and the ANCA Leo Sarkisian Summer Internship Program. The visiting head of state was welcomed by Gateway Program Director Tereza Yerimyan, who shared the programs, features, and successes during a presentation and tour of the 8-bedroom property in the prestigious Dupont Circle neighborhood. We were pleased to welcome President Sahakian to the Aramian House, a powerful brick-and-mortar symbol the ANCA s longterm investment in our youth and enduring commitment to strengthening America s

friendship with the people of Artsakh and Armenia for generations to come, said Gateway Program Director Tereza Yerimyan. Among those taking part in the briefing were ANCA Board Member Greg Bedian of Illinois, ANCA-Western U.S. Chair Nora Hovsepian, ANCA Eastern U.S. board member Armen Sahakian and the ANCA Executive Director Aram Hamparian and his Washington DC team. Accompanying the Artsakh delegation was the republic s Representative in the United States, Robert Avetisyan and Armenian Ambassador to the U.S. Grigor Hovhannessian. ANCA Communications Director Elizabeth Chouldjian, who led the national-level advocacy section of the briefing, noted afterward, We welcome high-level policy briefings as truly unique opportunities to share our work, to exchange ideas, and explore pathways forward toward a durable and democratic resolution of outstanding issues between Artsakh and Azerbaijan. Our Artsakh advocacy program which covers a broad array of policy priorities aligns with our core aims of independent status and inviolable security for Artsakh s citizens and state.

ANCA s Tereza Yerimyan introduces president of Artsakh Sahakian to Aram House, Washington DC.

Among the key issues included in the briefing were: promoting peace/stability, continuing direct aid to Artsakh, cutting military aid to Azerbaijan, expanding state recognition of Artsakh, opposing Azerbaijan s WTO membership due to its blockade and aggression.

The ANCA-Western U.S. briefing was led by Nora Hovsepian, while the ANCA Eastern U.S. briefing was offered by Armen Sahakian. Each presented detailed reviews of state and local advocacy efforts on Artsakh-related issues.

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Nagorno Karabakh Leader Makes Unprecedented Visit to Washington Azerbaijan objected, arguing that giving a US visa to the de facto president was an implicit recognition of the breakaway state. By: Joshua Kucera The de facto president of Nagorno Karabakh, Bako Sahakyan, has made an unprecedented visit to Washington to try to boost American support for the unrecognized state. Azerbaijan, which claims Karabakh as its own, called the trip a serious blow to USAzerbaijan relations and threatened to retaliate. Sahakyan appears not to have visited with any administration officials, but on March 14 attended a reception organized by the Armenian Embassy, Armenian-American lobbying organizations, and pro-Armenian congressional representatives at the US Capitol. It was reportedly the first-ever visit by a Karabakh leader to the capitol building, though Sahakyan's predecessors did visit Washington in the 1990s. At the event, Sahakyan gave Presidential Medals of Gratitude to a number of proArmenia members of Congress, who called for formal US recognition of Karabakh's statehood, something no state including Armenia has yet done. One of the awardees, California Representative Brad Sherman, recalled advocating for US aid to Karabakh. The State Department opposed it on the theory that it would be an implicit recognition of your independence. I thought, as they say in Silicon Valley, that s not a bug, that s a

Artsakh president Bako Sahakyan addresses congressmen at the Capitol March 14, Washington DC.

feature, he said. Armenia and Azerbaijan are locked in conflict over Karabakh, which broke away from Azerbaijan in a war in the early 1990s. The de facto Karabakh republic is backed by Armenia, while Azerbaijan vows that it will take back the territory, by force if necessary. The US has stayed relatively neutral in the conflict, and is one of the co-chairs of the OSCE Minsk Group, which is attempting to mediate between the two sides. Ahead of the visit, a former US ambassador to Armenia called on Washington to formally recognize Karabakh. It is time for the international community to welcome the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh Artsakh into the community of nations, the ambassador, John Evans, wrote. Another congressman honored at the

reception, New Jersey Representative Frank Pallone, highlighted the efforts by pro-Armenia members of Congress to encourage visits to Karabakh. Pallone was one of three members of Congress who visited Karabakh last year, ending up on an Azerbaijani blacklist as a result. When we were there (in Armenia) in September we were strongly urged by the Administration, by the State Department not to go to Artsakh, which I think is very wrong that they continue to do that, Pallone said, using the Armenian term for Karabakh. Pallone then sponsored a resolution encouraging further US contacts with Karabakh. That is one of the reasons that we introduced this bill to make it clear that travel and communications with Artsakh even though it is not recognized by the United States is very

important. While the US doesn't recognize Karabakh, Azerbaijan objected to the fact that the State Department gave Sahakyan a visa to the US In a situation where the US and Azerbaijan have friendly relations in various spheres, we view this surprising step as a change in the US's position on the Armenian-Azerbaijani Nagorno Karabakh conflict and consider it to be biased, the Azerbaijan Foreign Ministry said in a formal note to the State Department. Considering that the US has sanctioned other separatist regimes in the post-Soviet space, allowing the entry into US territory by the representative of a self-declared regime, created as a result of military aggression and bloody ethnic cleansing against Azerbaijan, represents a double standard. Last year, the de facto foreign minister of another unrecognized government, Abkhazia, said he was denied a visa to visit the US when he was invited to attend the National Prayer Breakfast. This is nuts! Should have never been granted a visa! tweeted Luke Coffey, the head of the Foreign Policy Center of the Heritage Foundation, a conservative Washington think tank that has become noticeably more proAzerbaijan of late, in response to Sahakyan's visit. Foreign Ministry spokesman Hikmet Hajiyev threatened the US with unspecified retaliation. This sort of move by the US causes serious harm to relations in the eyes of the Azerbaijani people and public opinion, he said. In response to this behavior by the US, Azerbaijan will proceed from the principle of reciprocity.

Will Trump Ignore a Visit from the President of Nagorno-Karabakh? It is time for the international community to welcome the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh Artsakh into the community of nations. By: John Evans (March 11, 2018)- In 451 A.D., Armenian warriors, having just lost a fierce battle with the superior Persian Empire, retreated into the forests of Artsakh in the South Caucasus. They had lost the war, but preserved their Christian faith, and thus considered it a victory. Armenia was the first nation to embrace Christianity, in the year 301. In 2018, a small but determined Armenian democratic republic, the Republic of NagornoKarabakh (or Artsakh, as Armenians call it) is attempting to survive, threatened by a militarily superior power that wishes to crush it. Professor Audrey Altstadt, in her recent article about Azerbaijan did not mention Nagorno-Karabakh, but perhaps ought to have, as the plight of the citizens of that unrecognized de facto state constitutes a serious violation of human rights. This week, the democratically-elected president of Artsakh, Bako Sahakyan, will visit Washington. He will not be received by the administration, in part because the United States is silent on the question of whether Artsakh should eventually be independent of Azerbaijan, to which it was allocated by Josef Stalin in 1921. Washington does not recognize Artsakh in fact no country yet does but President Sahakyan s predecessor who visited in 1999 and 2002 met with State Department officials at the working level, and there is an unofficial representative of NagornoKarabakh/Artsakh resident in Washington. For this visit, Sahakyan will have to be content with meetings on the Hill and a private lunch at the Center for the National Interest.

Along with France and Russia, the United States has been attempting to mediate the dispute between Azerbaijan and NagornoKarabakh for more than twenty years. Although the talks, sponsored by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, have not yet produced a settlement, in the meantime the people of Karabakh have built a thriving democracy based on market principles, free and fair elections and respect for human rights. A fragile cease-fire reached in 1994 under Russian auspices was flagrantly violated in April 2016 when Azeri troops attempted to reverse the victory achieved in the early 1990s by Karabakh Armenians fighting for their right to self-determination as the Soviet Union started to collapse. Nagorno-Karabakh has never in fact been part of modern Azerbaijan except as a part of the USSR, when it was an autonomous region, with the right of secession. Nor was it a part of the short-lived Azerbaijan that briefly existed prior to the establishment of Soviet power in the South Caucasus. The four-day war in 2016 has changed everything. It was a brutal campaign launched in the middle of the night on multiple sectors of the Line of Contact that divides the Armenian and Azeri forces. Some four hundred casualties resulted before a shaky cease-fire was restored. Azeri forces carried out multiple atrocities, cutting off the ears of an elderly Armenian couple, torturing and mutilating the bodies of Armenian soldiers, and, in at least one case, decapitating them, ISIS-style. These atrocities some twenty-eight of them have been documented by the Ombudsman for Artsakh and reported to the UN Commission on Human Rights. The blitzkrieg destroyed what little confidence the Armenians in Artsakh may have had in the peace talks and in Baku s intentions toward them, which some observers say were tantamount to genocidal. As I saw with my own eyes when I visited in July after the April 2016 war, the people and the de facto authorities of the Nagorno-

Karabakh Republic have built a functioning democracy despite being unrecognized by the world. They have demonstrated all the attributes of a state outlined in the Montevideo Convention except the last: the capacity to conduct state-to-state relations. In fact, they do have the capacity; it is only the opportunity that they have been denied. Azerbaijan punishes anyone who visits Karabakh without its consent, so the opera singer Monserrat Caballé, celebrity cook Anthony Bourdain, Washington Post columnist David Ignatius and many others are now on Baku s black list. Full disclosure: I am on that list myself. According to experts on international law who met recently in Brussels to discuss the issue, the right to self-determination trumps the principle of territorial integrity, which can be invoked only externally, that is, in defense of the state against external threats, but not to thwart the rights of an internal minority seeking to exercise its rights. Leaving aside the fact that Nagorno-Karabakh legally seceded from the USSR at the same time as Armenia and Azerbaijan did, there can be no doubt that the conflict with the government in Baku began as an internal one. It is also true that Armenia came to the support of its cousins in Artsakh, as did Armenians from California and around the world. And it has to be said that self-determination can sometimes be exercised within a state, as Quebec has chosen to do within Canada. But when the parent state employs violence against what it considers its citizens, it forfeits its right to rule over them, and there arises the question of what has been termed remedial secession. As Professor Paul Williams of the American University Washington College of Law reminds us, there are some seventy active self-determination movements in today s world. These conflicts, he points out, are deadly, durable and destabilizing. They tend to last, on average, about thirty years. But as another international law expert, Alfred de Zayas, points

Former ambassador John Evans

out, self-determination is a form of democracy, and ought to be viewed as a factor for longterm stability. It is time for the international community to welcome the Republic of NagornoKarabakh Artsakh into the community of nations. As the deputy foreign minister of Artsakh, Armine Aleksanyan, put it recently at the European Parliament, Karabakh is a country, not a conflict. The people of Artsakh just want to live their lives in peace and freedom. Even though the status of the Republic of Artsakh has not yet been finally determined, the people of Artsakh possess, and should enjoy, the same rights as all the rest of us, and ought not to be quarantined by the rest of humanity. *John Evans is a retired U.S. Foreign Service Officer who served as Ambassador to the Republic of Armenia 2004 2006. He is the author of Truth Held Hostage: America and the Armenian Genocide What Then? What Now?

ARMENIA 26 IMF Praises Armenian Government s Comprehensive Reform Agenda ²äðÆÈ 2018 Ä¶. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 150

IMF official Hossien Samiei

By: Emil Danielyan (RFE/RL)- A senior official from the International Monetary Fund has hailed sweeping economic reforms promised by the Armenian government and indicated the IMF s readiness to allocate a fresh loan to Yerevan.

The official, Hossein Samiei, headed an IMF team that met with Prime Minister Karen Karapetian and other senior Armenian officials during its latest visit to the country which ended on Wednesday. In a statement issued at the end of the two-week mission, Samiei said they held productive discussions on the government s economic policies planned for the coming months and years. T h e s ta ff t e a m w e l c o m e s t h e government s intention to implement a comprehensive reform agenda, supported by the 2017-22 development program, he said. This agenda appropriately aims at promoting higher and more inclusive growth. Good progress was made in identifying reform priorities and policies to maintain macroeconomic and fiscal stability, added Samiei. The five-year policy program cited by the IMF official was approved by the Armenian parliament last June. It commits the government to ensuring that the Armenian economy grows by around 5 percent annually on the back of soaring exports. The government is supposed to achieve this

objective by improving the domestic investment climate, assisting export-oriented manufacturers and combatting corruption. Samiei stated in April 2017 that Karapetian s cabinet is committed to decisive reforms which he said are essential for faster growth. Visiting Yerevan again in December, the high-ranking IMF representative reportedly praised government efforts to improve tax administration. The head of Armenia s State Revenue Committee (SRC), Vartan Harutiunian, has repeatedly pledged to crack down on widespread tax evasion and corruption among tax officials. Harutiunian, who is a figure close to Karapetian, has made many senior personnel changes in the SRC since being appointed to run the tax and customs service in late 2016. The total amount of taxes and customs duties collected by the SRC rose by over 7 percent last year. Economic growth in Armenia accelerated to 7.5 percent in 2017, according to official statistics. Samiei s statement did not specify the likely amount of the new IMF loan which would

assist the government in achieving Armenia s vision to become a diversified middle-income economy. It said more talks on the loan will be held with Armenian officials in the months ahead. The IMF s most recent lending program for Armenia, worth roughly $115 million, was launched in 2014 and completed last year. Karapetian vowed to implement longlasting fundamental reforms when he addressed top military officials in Yerevan on March 19. The pledge came less than one month before President Serzh Sarkisian completes his final term in office and Armenia switches to a parliamentary system of government. Sarkisian is widely expected to become prime minister later in April. Some media reports have suggested that Karapetian would be appointed as first deputy prime minister in that case. The current premier has been coy about his political future in his public statements.

Armenia Has Highest Female Unemployment Rate Among Post-Soviet Countries By: Anush Mkrtchian (RFE/RL)- According to the latest report of the International Labor Organization (ILO) published ahead of March 8, International Women s Day, among post-Soviet countries Armenia has the highest unemployment rate among women. Thus, according to the data, 17.3 percent of Armenian women aged above 25 are unable to find a job. For comparison, in Latvia, which is next country to Armenia in the report, only 8.6 percent of women face unemployment. Unemployment among women in neighboring Georgia is 7.7 percent, while in Azerbaijan it is 4.8 percent. According to the data released by the National Statistical Service of Armenia last year, there are 76,624 officially registered unemployed people in Armenia, of whom 50,593, i.e. more than 60 percent, are women. There is no appropriate environment that would promote the protection of women s rights, Ani Kojoyan, a lecturer at Yerevan State University (YSU), told RFE/RL s Armenian service (Azatutyun.am). She said that there is no problem with legislation, but there is a difference between being written on paper and applied. In the case of women the employer may also take into account whether the potential candidate for a job is married or unmarried, whether she has a child or can have a child later that would require a maternity leave I want to note that

An infographic shows female unemployment rates in post-Soviet countries

this also depends on women themselves. If women realize what rights they have and are not afraid to stand up for their rights at appropriate instances, it can be a good example for both the employer and other women, she said. Women not only experience more difficulty in getting jobs, but also receive lower salaries. Numerous studies in Armenia have shown that women s average monthly salary is lower than men s in all sectors of the economy, and this is in the case when women are not inferior to men in terms of education. Women often make more headway in the higher education system... But where do these women go in the future? When a woman does not immediately get a job, underesti-

mation of her skills and abilities may actually take place. There are, in fact, many factors that contribute to this, Kojoyan explained. The United Nations also addressed the issue of inequality in women s and men s salaries in Armenia late last year. Authors of the 2017 report entitled Worlds Apart: Reproductive Health and Rights in an Age of Inequality asserted that many Armenian men demand that women have higher education, but later do not allow women to work. Presenting the report, the then United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) Armenia Assistant Representative Garik Hayrapetian insisted that the elimination of discrimination between women and men could have a positive impact on the country s economic

development. You cannot leave 50 percent of the population out. Seven-nine percent of men have reported that they will not and do not allow their wives to work. If 7-9 percent [of women] do not work because of this, and I think that the percentage is much higher because this is a latent issue, Armenia has a burden of about $60 million on its GDP, he said. According to the ILO s report, women s unemployment rate worldwide is around 6 percent, which is higher than men s unemployment rate by 0.8 percent. The researchers note that the number of male employers is four times higher than the number of female employers and this tendency is also true for senior positions. It is also noted that women agree more often than men to work without concluding a contract, bypassing the labor code and without joining trade unions. According to YSU lecturer Kojoyan, the problem is also urgent for Armenia. The State itself should be interested in developing mechanisms to ensure women become taxpayers, because otherwise the State itself loses. On the other hand, if I look at it from a feminist perspective, this is first of all a violation of women s rights, and programs should be aimed at raising the legal awareness of women, making them more demanding, she said.

European Firms To Build Large Solar Plant In Armenia (RFE/RL)- A consortium of Dutch and Spanish companies has won an international tender for the construction of Armenia s first large solar power plant which is expected to cost around $50 million. The 55-megawatt plant will be built in Mets Masrik, a village close to the eastern coast of Lake Sevan, as part of the Armenian government s efforts to reduce the domestic energy sector s dependence on natural gas mostly imported from Russia. The World Bank pledged in 2015 to finance most of the landmark project in the form of a grant allocated to the government. The resulting tender attracted bids from two dozen energy companies from around the world. Ten of them were shortlisted for the final stage of the contest. The Armenian Energy Ministry announced that the consortium consisting of the Dutch-based company Fotowatio Renewable

Ventures and Spain s FSL Solar won the bidding because of promising the lowest cost of electricity to be generated at the solar plant. It will be cheaper than power supplied by scores of small hydroelectric plants scattered around the mountainous country, the ministry said in a statement. Work on the Mets Masrik plant may start already this year, in which case it will be completed by the end of 2020. The new facility will be far more powerful than three small solar plants that were built in Armenia late last year. The ministry said that it has also chosen locations for five other large or medium-sized solar plants which could be constructed in the coming years. They would increase Armenia s combined solar capacity to at least 120 megawatts. Solar energy can eventually gain a major share in Armenian electricity

production, added the ministry statement. Earlier this year, the Armenian government reaffirmed its pledges to significantly increase the share of hydropower and other renewables in domestic electricity production. Energy Minister Ashot Manukian said the government objective is to ensure that renewable sources meet at least half of Armenia s energy needs within the next few years. According to the National St a t i s t i c a l S e r v i c e ( N S S ) , hydroelectric plants accounted for about 30 percent of electricity generated in the country last year. By comparison, thermal power plants using gas had a 37 percent share in the total. Virtually all of the remaining 33.7 percent of energy was generated by the Metsamor nuclear power station, NSS data shows. Manukian cited the upcoming construction of a 76-megawatt

A newly built solar power plant in Tsaghkadzor, 29 Sep, 2017.

hydroelectric plant on the Debed river flowing through the northern Lori province. The $150 million project is led by Samvel Karapetian, a Russian-Armenian billionaire businessman. Another Spanish company specializing in renewables,

ACCIONA Energy, is currently exploring the possibility of building large wind farms in Armenia that could have a combined capacity of at least 100 megawatts. Prime Minister Karen Karapetian met with top ACCIONA executives in Davos, Switzerland in January.

ARTS AND CULTURE

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Violinist Khachik Babayan And Pianist Sona Barseghyan To Perform In Toronto

Khachik Babayan

By: Raymond Sarkissian Organized by the Armenian Association of Toronto, a classical concert will bring together virtuoso violinist Khachik Babayan and brilliant pianist Sona Barseghyan on April 28 at the Armenian Evangelical Church in Toronto. Violin master Khachik Babayan was born in 1956, into a musical family in Tabriz, Iran. His father, Ashot Babayan, was a music lover and an amateur musician; he would play his Komitasian tunes on clarinet at the early dawn at the monastery of Saint Thaddeus during Pilgramage season. Khachik showed unique talent and keen interest in music when he was only four. At the age of seven, he began to take violin lessons with his first violin teacher, Zaven

Yedigarian. In 1972, he entered the Tehran Conservatory of Music, where he studied with Hratch Manoukian, now a violin teacher in Toronto. In 1974, Babayan participated in the Iranian Violinists Competition and was awarded first place. Given the nickname of the best violinist of the country at the time, he consequently was offered a scholarship of musical studies in England. In 1975 he began his musical studies at The Royal Academy of Music in London, England, with world-renowned violin pedagogue, Manoug Parikian (1920 -1987), who had a great influence on him. In 1979, Babayan graduated the ARCM and became an associate of The Royal College of Music. Returning to his home country in 1980, Babayan continued his career as soloist and concertmaster of Tehran Symphony Orchestra as well as The National Radio-Television Orchestra of Iran. In 1990, he participated in 8th Concorso Internazionale di Violino Premio Rodolfo Lipizer international violin competition in Italy and was recognized as a gifted violinist. One of Babayan s unique musical recordings, the Komitas/ Aslamazyan quartet, in which he separately played, prerecorded all the four instruments-the two violins, a viola, and a cello. In the past, he has often appeared as a soloist with the Armenian Philharmonic Orchestra

(APO) and The National Chamber Orchestra of Armenia, under the baton of conductor Loris Tjeknavorian. He has also collaborated with The Parsian Chamber Orchestra conducted by Meroujan Simonyan. He has been featured in a number of chamber concerts both as soloist and with chamber ensembles, piano trios, and string quartets. In his classical music repertoire, he has always included works by Armenian composers such as Aram Khachaturian and Komitas. The Toronto community still remembers Babayan s sold-out Canadian-debut violin and piano recital accompanied with pianist and composer Serouj Kradjian, on November 21, 2009, at the Glenn Gould Studio. Throughout her musical career, the Armenian pianist, Sona Barseghyan has performed in many recitals in Europe, as well as in Belarus, Georgia, Russia, Australia, Canada, and USA in concert halls such as The Carnegie Hall in New York, The Independence Theatre in S y d n e y, a n d T h e M o s c o w Conservatory, just to name a few. She began her studies at the age of seven at Tchaikovsky Music School in Yerevan for ten years. She gave her first successful solo piano recital at the age of eight. Sona then continued her studies at Yerevan State Conservatory with Prof. Sergey Saradzhyan and later furthered her music education in Cologne Conservatory, in Germany with Prof.

Varak s Crescent

Nina Tichman. She has also participated in master classes delivered by famous musicians such as Norma Fisher, Vladimir Krainev, Phillippe Cassard, Evgeny Kissin, Tamas Ungar, Arkadiy Zenziper, Vadim Monastirskiy and Leonel Morales. Barseghyan is a prize-winner in a number of international competitions in Armenia, Georgia, Italy, France and Germany. Second prize of the 2nd International Aram Khachaturian competition in 2007, The Youth Prize for the achievements in performing classical music, awarded by the president of Armenia, in 2009, prize-winner of the International Karl Robert Kreiten Competition in Cologne, Germany and The International Amadeo Prix Competition, in Aachen, in 2013, are only a few to mention. She also performs as an experienced chamber musician and has cooperated with famous musicians such as Aleksander Ivashkin, Rossitza Goza, Jurate Svedaite, Gesa Lücker and Alexandre Brussilovsky, who once noted: Sona is a performer with impressive technique, wonderful sound, and deep and unique musical individuality . In 2011, the Armenian composer, professor Ruben Sargsyan dedicated his Rhapsody for Piano and String Orchestra to Barseghyan, who performed its world premiere on October 27 2011, in Yerevan, under the baton of Vahan

Sona Barseghyan

Martirosyan. Barseghyan is also a member of the piano duo Sonet with the Armenian pianist Armine Grigoryan. Their debut CD, where works of Armenian composers were featured, was produced in 2011. One of the unique features of this event will be the performance of the Rhapsody for Violin and Piano composed in 1958 by the Armenian composer, Edvard Ivanovich Baghdasaryan, a significant figure in the modern development of Armenian music. It s an ambitious piece saturated in Armenian tunes which the violin is particularly adept in evoking. The piece is widely performed by virtuoso violinists. Babayan and Barseghyan will also perform pieces composed for violin and piano by Mozart, Beethoven, Kreisler, Bartok, Brahms and others.

Pulitzer Prize-winner Peter Balakian named 13th Janet Weis Fellow

Soul Written by: Rupen Sevag Translated by:Varak Babian Amongst the infinite green of the fields, lushness parted briefly and a sickly leaf said hello. Oh, how divine spring is; Its gentle winds rocking a warm cradle. The endearing grass of plains ajar, the flowers with boundless colour, In unison they smile; intoxicated by the warmth of the sun. Nestled within the vignette of spring, rich with life and creation Amongst the robust green of the fields, I glanced upon an unwell leaf. A dry, wilting leaf; carried and placed by the tender, rocking wind Left to tremble towards eternal rest...as the surrounding evergreen carry on with vibrant sway. My heart is heavy with infinite pain, I mourn and crouch closer to the ground I lay its frail body amongst my outstretched palm, Raise it towards my lips, using tears and a delicate touch. My soul, too, is an ill-timed leaf in Spring. Out of season, fading away. Surrounded by petals and flowers in bloom, While May s zephyrs salute and colours are unfurling all around, It remains unable to smile. It quivers, it s cold . Amongst the rolling hills of green, an unwell leaf is all I see...

*Translated from the original, Rupen Sevag s, §Ðá·Çë¦.

Peter Balakian

American Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Peter Balakian, who has Armenian roots, is the 13th Janet Weis Fellow in Contemporary Letters at Bucknell University, the university said on its website. Balakian is the Donald M. and Constance H. Rebar Professor of the Humanities in the Department of English and director of creative writing at Colgate University. He will accept the award during a ceremony on April 5, in Bucknell Hall. After the presentation, Balakian will read from his poetry and memoir, and then engage in a moderated discussion with Bucknell Professor of English Harold Schweizer. A book-signing will follow. The event is free and open to the public. The author of seven books of poems, Balakian won the 2016 Pulitzer Prize for poetry for his most recent collection, Ozone Journal (2016, University of Chicago Press). In the announcement, the Pulitzer committee said the poems in the collection bear witness to the old losses and tragedies that undergird a global age of danger and

uncertainty. For more than four decades Balakian s poems have engaged a wide range of social, cultural and political realities including genocide, war, terrorism, climate change, the AIDS epidemic and historical trauma. His poems also probe the personal and meditative realities of love, death, art and culture, and the intersections between epic traumatic events and the private self. I began my life as a poet as an undergraduate at Bucknell during my sophomore and junior years in 1971-72, Balakian said. I studied with my mentor and then great friend Professor Jack Wheatcroft, an inspirational and brilliant teacher and an amazingly versatile writer. It s been an interesting journey, and Lewisburg and Bucknell are dear to it. Balakian is currently compiling a collection of memorial tribute essays in honor of Wheatcroft, a member of the Class of 1949, who passed away last March. The poet and author was a popular English professor at Bucknell from 1952 to 1996.

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Learn to play DUDUK Ð»é. 647-770-0044 ì³Ñ³Ý àõéáõïÛ³Ý

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Dr. Raffi Aynaciyan

braces D.D.S., M.Cl.D., F.R.C.D.(C) for children and adults

Orthodontist

Richmond Hill (Hillcrest Mall): 9350 Yonge Street, Suite 216 905-884-4161

Downtown Toronto: 11 King Street West, Suite C115 416-363-3018

Ara Graphics

North York: 3333 Bayview Avenue, Suite 203 416-221-0660

Editor

Karin Saghdejian

Torontohye Newspaper ÊÙµ³·Çñ

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Î³ñÇÝ ê³ÕïÁ×»³Ý Publisher Torontohye communications Inc. ²ßË³ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñ 45 Hallcrown Place Willowdale, ON ²ñßû ¼³ù³ñ»³Ý M2J 4Y4 Â³Ù³ñ îûÝ³å»ï»³Ý Email:torontohye@gmail.com Phone: (416) 491- 2900 ext. 3215 ¾ç³¹ñáõÙ ²ñ³ î¿ñ Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý Fax: (416) 491- 2211

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Ì³ÝáõóáõÙÝ»ñ ê»õ³Ï Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý Ð»é.ª 416-878-0746

sales.torontohye@gmail.com

Administrator

Helen Najarian