Torontohye#124 February 2016

IJ. î³ñÇ ÂÇõ 4 (124), öºîðàô²ð 2016 Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ, ²Ûɳ½³Ý ä³ñµ»ñ³Ã»ñÃ

Volume 11, No. 4 (124), February 2016 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper

êáõñdzѳۻñáõ ÂáñáÝÃû ijٳÝáõÙÁ ÎÁ Þ³ñáõݳÏáõÇ

Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÁ ²é³õ»É³·áÛÝë Æ ¶áñÍ ÏÁ ¸Ý¿ Æñ γñ»ÉáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ

êáõñÇ³Ñ³Û Ù³ÝáõÏ ÙÁª ÌÝݹ»³Ý ѳõ³ùÇ ³ï»Ý

¶³ÕÃ³Ï³Ý³Ï³Ý Ð³ñó»ñáõ ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇ Ï³Ù³õáñ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñ Ï°û·Ý»Ý ëáõñdzѳۻñáõ ÃáõÕûñáõ å³ïñ³ëïáõû³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇÝ:

Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ ¶³ÕÃ³Ï³Ý³Ï³Ý Ð³ñó»ñáõ ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÁ (ACC-SAH) ³Ûë ûñ»ñáõÝ Ù»ÕáõÇ ÷»Ã³ÏÇ å¿ë ÏÁ µ³ÝǪ ûñÝ Ç µáõÝ£ Ø¿Ï ÏáÕÙ¿` ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõݪ ÈáñÇÏ Î³ñåáõß»³Ý ¶³ÃÁñ×»³Ý Ï°³ÙµáÕç³óÝ¿ Ýáñ Å³Ù³Ý³Í ëáõñdzѳۻñáõ å»ï³Ï³Ý ³ñӳݳ·ñáõû³Ýó í»ñ³µ»ñáÕ ÃáõÕûñÁ, ÙÇõë ÏáÕÙ¿ª ϳٳõáñ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñ ÏÁ ç³Ý³Ý û·ï³Ï³ñ ÁÉÉ³É Ýáñ»ÏÝ»ñáõݪ ³ÝáÝó ÇÝùݳϻÝë³·ñ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ (Resume) å³ïñ³ëï»Éáíª ¹Çõñ³óÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ³ÝáÝó ·áñÍÇ ÷ÝïéïáõùÁ£ ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇ ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñª ²ÝÇ Î»ïÇÏ»³Ý ÂáÛëÁ½»³Ý »õ ²ÝÅ»ÉÇù ²ëïáõñ»³Ý ÏÁ ó³Ýϳ·ñ»Ý ¹ÇÙáõÙݳ·ñ»ñÁ, ÏÁ ¹³ë³õáñ»Ý Ù³ÙÉáÛ Ñ»ï ϳåÁ »õ Ýáñ»ÏÝ»ñáõÝ ÏÁ ѳÛóÛÃ»Ý úÝóñÇáÛ Ñ³ëï³ïáõ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ »õ óáõóÙáõÝùÝ»ñ: ò³ñ¹ úÝóñÇáÛ Å³Ù³Ý³Í »Ý 1100 ëáõñÇ³Ñ³Û »õ ï³Ï³õÇÝ ÏÁ ëå³ëáõÇ ßáõñç 1500Ç Å³Ù³ÝáõÙÁ: §²ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ³Ù¿Ý û·ÝáõÃÇõÝ óáÛó Ïáõ ï³Ýù, áñ Ýáñ»ÏÝ»ñÁ ³Ù»Ý¿Ý ϳñ× ÙÇçáóÇÝ µÝ³Ï³ñ³Ý áõ ·áñÍ ·ïݻݦ, Ï°Áë¿ ¶³ÃÁñ×»³Ý: §´Ý³Ï³Ý³µ³ñ, ¹Åáõ³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ß³ï ϳÝ, µ³Ûó ß³ï»ñ ³ñ¹¿Ý ·áñÍ ·ï³Í »Ý, áõñÇßÝ»ñª ³ÝÁݹѳï ÷ÝïéïáõùÇ Ù¿ç »Ý¦: Üáñ»ÏÝ»ñáõ Ùûï Ýϳï»ÉÇ ¿ Áݹѳ-

Ýáõñ ¹Å·áÑáõÃÇõݪ ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý Ï»³ÝùÇ, Û³ïϳå¿ë ·áñÍÇ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ý¹¿å: ÀݹѳÝñ³å¿ë ¶³Ý³ï³ Ý»ñ·³ÕÃáÕ ÙÁ Ñá·»å¿ë »õ Ùï³å¿ë å³ïñ³ëïáõ³Í Ï°ÁÉÉ³Û ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý Ï»³ÝùÇ Ï»Ýó³Õ³ÛÇÝ å³Ñ³ÝçÝ»ñáõÝ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ, ³Ûë ·³ÕóϳÝÝ»ñáõ (refugees) å³ñ³·³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ ¿ñ ³ÛÝ ÇÙ³ëïáí, áñ ³ÝáÝó ųٳÝáõÙÁ ϳï³ñáõ»ó³õ ³ñ³· »õ ѳå×¿åª ï»ë³Ï ÙÁ Ëáõ׳åÇ Ù³ïÝ»Éáí ½Çñ»Ýù: Refugee ϳñ·³íÇ׳Ïáí ³ÛÅÙáõ ųٳÝáÕÝ»ñÁ ³éÇà ã»Ý áõÝ»ó³Í å³ïñ³ëïáõ»Éáõ ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý Ï»Ýó³ÕÇ »õ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ËÇëï ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ »õ »Ýó¹ñ³Í, ÿ Ï»³ÝùÁ ³ñ³· Ï»ñåáí µ³ñ»Ï»óÇÏ Ï°ÁÉÉ³Û ³Ûëï»Õ: Æñ³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý Ù¿ç ë³Ï³ÛÝ, ¶³Ý³ï³ ·³ÕÃáÕ áñ»õ¿ ³ÝÓ, ÇÝã Ù³ëݳ·Çïáõû³Ùµ áñ ÁÉɳÛ, åÇïÇ ëÏëÇ Çµñ»õ ëÏëݳϪ Çñ ³ëå³ñ¿½ÇÝ Ù¿ç ϳ٠åÇïÇ ÁݹáõÝÇ ³Ù¿Ý ï»ë³ÏÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ³éÇÃ, áñå¿ë½Ç ϳñ»Ý³Û ·áÛ³ï»õ»É (ïáõÝ í³ñÓ»É »õ áõï»ÉÇù ³å³Ñáí»É): ÆëÏ »Ã¿ ÁÝï³ÝÇù áõÝÇ Ï³óáõÃÇõÝÁ ³õ»ÉÇ ÏÁ ͳÝñ³Ý³Û: ä¿ïù ¿ Ýß»É, ÿ ϳé³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ ÙÁ ½³õ³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ áñáß Û³ïϳóáõÙ ÏÁ ϳï³ñ¿ ÙÇÝã»õ18 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ÙÁ: ¶³ÕÃ³Ï³Ý³Ï³Ý Ð³ñó»ñáõ ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÁ (ACC-SAH) ³ñ¹¿Ý ÇëÏ ÏÁ ·áñÍ¿ ·³ÕóϳݳÝÏ³Ý Í³é³Ûáõû³Ýó ·ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇ ÙÁ Édz½ûñáõû³Ùµ. Ýá-

êáõñdzѳۻñáõ ѳٳñ CABC-Ç Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå³Í Job Fair-Ç Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñ:

ñ»ÏÝ»ñáõÝ óáõóÙáõÝùÝ»ñ ÏÁ ïñáõÇÝ Ý³»õ úÝóñÇáÛÇ ÁÝÓ»é³Í ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñáõ Ù³ëÇÝ, ÇÝùݳ߳ñÅ ùß»Éáõ ³ñïûݳ·ñÇ, å»ï³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý Û³ïϳóáõÙÝ»ñ¿Ý û·ïáõ»Éáõ »õ ³ÛÉ Í³é³ÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ù³ëÇÝ: ÚáõÝáõ³ñÇÝ ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÁ` ·áñͳÏó³µ³ñ ê. ºññáñ¹áõÃÇõÝ »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ Ð³Û ÀÝï³ÝÇùÇ úųݹ³Ïáõû³Ý Ìñ³·ñÇÝ (AFSS) »õ Ð³Û ¶³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý ´ßÅÏ³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõû³Ý (ACMAO) ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»óÇÝ úÝóñÇáÛÇ Ù¿ç µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·Ç ûñ¿ÝùÝ»ñáõÝ »õ ͳé³ÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ÑÇõ³Ý¹áõû³Ýó ϳÝ˳ñ·ÇÉÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ Éáõë³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ѳݹÇåáõÙ ÙÁª Ýáñ»Ï ëáõñdzѳۻñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ (³Ûë Ù³ëÇÝ ï»ëÝ»É ¿ç 4): §Þáõïáí åÇïÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»Ýù ݳ»õ »Ï³ÙáõïÇ »õ ѳñÏ»ñáõ ³ñӳݳ·ñÙ³Ý Éáõë³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ѳõ³ù ÙÁ, áõñ åÇïÇ µ³ó³ïñáõÇÝ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ñ³ñϳÛÇÝ ûñ¿ÝùÝ»ñÁ¦, Ï°Áë¿ ¶³ÃÁñ×»³Ý: àõñÇß Ï³ñ»õáñ ѳñó ÙÁÝ ¿ ³Ý·É»ñ¿ÝÇ ·Çïáõû³Ý ѳñóÁ. ³Ûë ·Íáí §ß³ï ËÇëï »Ýù »ÏáÕÝ»ñ¿Ý »õ ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù, áñ ³Ýå³ÛÙ³Ý ³ñӳݳ·ñáõÇÝ ³Ý·É»ñ¿ÝÇ (ESL) ¹³ëÁÝóóùÝ»ñáõݪ ¹Çõñ³óÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ »õ ¹åñáó ۳׳˻Éáõ ѳñóÁ, ÏÁ µ³ó³ïñ¿ ¶³ÃÁñ×»³Ý: Üáñ»Ï ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõÝ Ù³ëÇÝ

Ëûë»Éáíª§Ø»ñ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÇ ³ß³Ï»ñï ÁݹáõÝ»Éáõ ϳñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ ³ñ¹¿Ý ³ÙµáÕç³ó³Í ¿: ²é³çÇÝ »ÏáÕÝ»ñÁ ³ñ¹¿Ý ï»Õ³õáñáõ»ó³Ý ¹åñáóÇÝ Ù¿çª ³Ýí׳é Ï»ñåáí¦, ÏÁ µ³ó³ïñ¿ ²µ·³ñ ØÇñ³ù»³Ýª ¶³ÕÃ³Ï³Ý³Ï³Ý Ð³ñó»ñáõ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇÝ ³ï»Ý³å»ïÁ: §ÎÁ ÙÝ³Û Ùï³Í»É Ýáñ í³ñųñ³ÝÇ Ï³ñ»ÉÇáõû³Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ, áñ »ñϳñ í³½ùÇ íñ³Û Íñ³·Çñ ¿, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³Ýáñ Ù³ëÇÝ å¿ïù ¿ ëÏëÇÝù Ùï³Í»É¦, Ï°³õ»ÉóÝ¿ ³Ý:

Job Fair

г۳ëï³Ý-¶³Ý³ï³ ¶áñͳñ³ñÝ»ñáõ ÊáñÑáõñ¹Á (CABC), Çñ ϳñ·ÇÝ, ÚáõÝáõ³ñ 27ÇÝ (Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇÝ) »õ ö»ïñáõ³ñ 3ÇÝ (дÀØÇ ëñ³ÑÇÝ) Ù¿ç ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»ó úÝóñÇáÛ Ñ³ëï³ïáõ³Í ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ »õ Ýáñ»ÏÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ Job Fair ÙÁ, áõñ ï³ñµ»ñ Ù³ñ½»ñáõ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ Çñ»Ýó ³éÇÃÝ»ñÁ ͳÝûóóáõóÇÝ Ýáñ»Ï ëáõñdzѳۻñáõÝ: гõ³ùÇÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, ¶áñͳñ³ñÝ»ñáõ ÊáñÑáõñ¹Á ݳ»õ ó³Ýϳ·ñ»ó ·áñÍ ÷ÝïéáÕ µáÉáñ ëáõñdzѳۻñáõÝ ³ÝáõÝÝ»ñÁ »õ ³é³õ ³ÝáÝó ÇÝùݳϻÝë³·ñ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ (resume)ª ·áñÍÇ Ï³ñ»ÉÇáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ÷ÝïéïáõùÁ ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ ѳٳñ: гõ³ùÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»ó³Ý Ñ»ï»õ»³É ß³ñ. ï»ë. ¿ç 3

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öºîðàô²ð 2016 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 124

ÂàðàÜÂàÐ²Ú Îº²Üø

öºîðàô²ð 2016 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 124

3

êáõñdzѳۻñáõ ÂáñáÝÃû ijٳÝáõÙÁ ÎÁ Þ³ñáõݳÏáõÇ

ß³ñ. ². ¿ç¿Ý

ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ. ASG Security Group, LVM telecom company, Armenian Jewellers Association, Wood green Employment Agency, JVS, Welcome center, Tropicana agency, York Gate Laundromat, Superior Furniture Company, Tools Company (not attending, we collected resume on their behalf), Kambio Inc, Anoush Restaurant »õ áõñÇßÝ»ñ: §Ðñ³õÇñ»óÇÝù ï³ñµ»ñ Ù³ñ½»ñáõ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ »õ ëáõñdzѳۻñ, áñå¿ë½Ç Ç ÙÇ ·³Ý ͳÝûóݳÉáõ ѳٳñ, ÿ ÇÝãåÇëÇ ·áñÍÇ Ï³ñ»ÉÇáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ »õ ³éÇÃÝ»ñ ϳÝ. ß³ï»ñ ³ñ¹¿Ý ï»ÕõáÛÝ íñ³Û Ù³ñ¹áó ·áñÍÇ Ï°³éݻݦ, Ï°Áë¿ Ð³Û³ëï³Ý-¶³Ý³ï³ ¶áñͳñ³ñÝ»ñáõ ÊáñÑáõñ¹Ç ³ï»Ý³å»ï Úáíë¿÷ ê»ñ³Ûï³ñ»³Ý: §²õ»ÉÇ Ï»¹ñáݳó³Ýù ëÏëÝ³Ï ·áñÍ»ñáõ íñ³Û, áñáíÑ»ï»õ Ýáñ»ÏÝ»ñÁ ï³Ï³õÇÝ ãáõÝÇÝ ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÇ ÷áñÓ³éáõÃÇõÝ »õ »ñµ»ÙÝ ³É ³Ý·É»ñ¿Ý ã»Ý ·Çï»ñ¦, Ï°³õ»ÉóÝ¿ ³Ý: Ü»ñϳݻñáõ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ ÝϳïÇ ³éÝ»Éáí, CABC ÏÁ Íñ³·ñ¿ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»É ÝÙ³Ý Job Fair-Ç Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, áñáíÑ»ï»õ Ï³Ý ÁÝÏ»ñáõ-ÃÇõÝ-

Ý»ñ, áñáÝù ß³ï å¿ïù áõÝÇÝ ÝÙ³Ý ·áñͳõáñÝ»ñáõ: §Ø»ñ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ µáÉáñ Ñ³Û »õ ³ÛÉ ·áñͳï¿ñ»ñÁ ·ÇïÝ³Ý ³Ûë Ù³ëÇÝ, áñå¿ë½Ç ³õ»ÉÇ Ù»Í ÃÇõáí Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÇõÝ ³å³Ñáí»Ýù¦, ÏÁ µ³ó³ïñ¿ AGBUYoung Professionals-Ç å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ØÇÑñ³Ý ºÏ³õ»³Ý: §¶³Ý³ï³Ñ³Û ·áñͳï¿ñ»ñÁ ³ñ¹¿Ý ·áñÍÇ ³é³Í »Ý Ýáñ»Ï ѳۻñ, ÑÇÙ³ Ù»Ýù åÇïÇ ç³Ý³Ýù ï»Õ³Ï³Ý ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ »õë Ññ³õÇñ»Éª ÁݹɳÛÝ»Éáí ·áñÍÇ Ï³ñ»ÉÇáõû³Ý ¹³ßïÁ¦, Ï°³õ»ÉóÝ¿ ³Ý: ê»ñ³Ûï³ñ»³Ý ÏÁ µ³ó³ïñ¿, ÿ Ï³Ý Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áñáÝù Ï°áõ½»Ý Ýáñ ·áñÍ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ ¶³ÕóϳÝáõû³Ý ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇ ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñ Çñ»Ýó ³éûñ»³Û ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ÙÁ ëÏëÇÉ: ÁÝóóùÇÝ: §²ÝáÝù ÏÁ ͳÝûóóáõÇÝ ·³Ý³ï³Ñ³Û »ñ»ó ·áñͳï¿ñ»ñáõÝ, áñáÝù, ǵñ»õ ÷áñÓ³éáõ, óáõóÙáõÝùÝ»ñ Ïáõ ï³Ý Ýáñ ·áñÍ ëÏë»Éáõ ûñ¿ÝùÝ»ñáõÝ Ù³ëÇݦ, ÏÁ µ³ó³ïñ¿ ³Ý: ²Ûë ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ åÇïÇ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÇÝ ³õ»ÉÇ ³ßËáÛÅ »õ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï³Ï³Ý Ó»õáíª ÙÇÝã úÝóñÇáÛ Å³Ù³ÝáÕ ëáõñdzѳۻñáõ ÃÇõÁ åÇïÇ µ³½Ù³Ý³Û Û³çáñ¹áÕ ³ÙÇëÝ»ñáõÝ:

ÊÙµ³·ñáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿ §ÂáñáÝÃáѳۦ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ã¿ Çñ ¿ç»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í ͳÝáõóáõÙÝ»ñáõ µáí³Ý¹³Ïáõû³Ý: Ø»½Ç ÛÕáõ³Í µáÉáñ ÃÕóÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »ÝÃ³Ï³Û »Ý áñáß ËÙµ³·ñáõÙÇ:

êáõñÇ³Ñ³Û ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñáõ ÌÝݹ»³Ý ѳõ³ùª Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ êñ³Ñ¿Ý Ý»ñë

job Fair-Ç Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñ ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÇõÝ Ïáõ ï³Ý »õ ÏÁ ëï³Ý³Ý

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öºîðàô²ð 2016 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 124

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5) ÆÝãá±õ ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÇ ÏáÕÙ¿Ý æáõÕ³ÛÇ ÙÇçݳ¹³ñ»³Ý ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ·»ñ»½Ù³Ý³ï³Ý ÉÇáíÇÝ ÷³ëï³·ñáõ³Í (»õ Ýϳñ³Ñ³Ýáõ³Í) áãÝã³óáõÙÁ ³Û¹å¿ë ³É »ñµ»ù ãÝßáõ»ó³õ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó ݳ˳ñ³ñáõû³Ý سñ¹áõ Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñáõ ϳ٠ÏñûÝ³Ï³Ý ³½³ïáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ½»ÏáÛóÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç: 6) ƱÝã ¿ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý Ý»ñÏ³Û å³Ñ³ÝçÁ (»Ã¿ ³Û¹åÇëÇÝ Ï³Û) ³½³ï ³ñÓ³Ïáõ³Í »õ ÙÇÝã ûñë ã½Õç³óáÕ Ï³óݳѳñáÕ Ù³ñ¹³ëå³Ý è³ÙÇÉ ê³ý³ñáíÁ ÏñÏÇÝ µ³Ýï³ñÏ»Éáõ í»ñ³µ»ñ»³É: 7) ƱÝã ¿ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý Í³·áõÙ áõÝ»óáÕ ù³Õ³ù³óÇÝ»ñáõ ׳ݳå³ñÑáñ¹³Ï³Ý ë³Ñٳݳ÷³ÏáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ í»ñ³µ»ñ»³É: 8) ÆÝãåÇëÇ±Ý ¿ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ú²Ü-Ç ³Ý¹³Ù »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ« Û³ïϳå¿ë ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ýϳïٳٵ« áñ Û³ñÓ³ÏáÕ³Ï³Ý ³ñ¹Ç ½¿Ýù»ñ ÏÁ í³×³é»Ý ϳ٠ÏÁ ÷á˳Ýó»Ý ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÇÝ: 9) ƱÝã Û³ïáõÏ ë³Ñٳݳ÷³ÏáõÙÝ»ñ ·áÛáõÃÇõÝ áõÝÇÝ ×³Ý³å³ñÑáñ¹áõû³Ý »õ ϳåÇ ³éÝãáõû³Ùµ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ù³Õ³ù³óÇÝ»ñáõ »õ å³ßïûݳï³ñ ³ÝÓ³Ýó áõ È»éݳÛÇÝ Ô³ñ³µ³ÕÇ ÙÇç»õ: ƱÝã ÑÇÙݳõáñáõÙÝ»ñ Ï³Ý ³Ûë ³½³ïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ áñ»õ¿ ë³Ñٳݳ÷³ÏÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: àñá±Ýù »Ý ÝÙ³Ý ë³Ñٳݳ÷³ÏáõÙÝ»ñáõ (»Ã¿ ³Û¹åÇëÇù ϳÝ) Ãáõ³ó»³É û·áõïÝ»ñÁ: 10) Ò»ñ ϳñÍÇùáí« Ç±Ýã û·áõïÝ»ñ ÏÁ Ñ»ï³åݹáõÇÝ (»Ã¿ ³Û¹åÇëÇù ϳÝ) Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ å³ßïûÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ýñ³Û³Ûï ½ëåáõ³Íáõû³Ùµ` ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÇ µ³ó³Û³Ûï ѳϳѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ë³¹ñ³ÝùÝ»ñÁ« ëå³éݳÉÇùÝ»ñÁ »õ ÙÇçë³ÑٳݳÛÇÝ Û³ñÓ³ÏáõÙÝ»ñÁ íÇ׳ñÏ»Éáõ ųٳݳÏ: ÎÁ ϳñͻ٫ áñ ɳÛÝ ÑÝã»ÕáõÃÇõÝ ëï³ó³Í ³é³ç³ñÏÁ ÏñÝ³Û 100 ѳ½³ñ¿Ý ß³ï ³õ»ÉÇ ëïáñ³·ñáõÃÇõÝ Ñ³õ³ù»É êåÇï³Ï ï³Ý ϳÛùÇÝ Ù¿ç ï»Õ³¹ñÙ³Ý ûñ¿Ý ÙÇÝã»õ 30 ûñ« Û³ïϳå¿ë »Ã¿ Ý߳ݳõáñ ³ÝÓ»ñáõ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ Ñ»ï»õáñ¹Ý»ñ Ý»óáõÏ Ï³Ý·ÝÇÝ ³Ûë ³é³ç³ñÏÇÝ:

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ÆÙ ê¿ñ ÈáõëÝÇ ÉáÛëÇ ßáÛ³ÝùÇÝ« Ø»¯ÕÙ« ½áí ù³ÙÇÝ å³ñ ³ñ³Íª øáõ ³ãù»ñÁ ½áÛ· ³ëïÕ»ñ« ê»õ »ñÏÇÝùÁ í³éíé³Í: ¿ áñ Ååï³ë ÇÙ ëñïÇÝ« ì³¯Û ÉáõëÝÇÝ áõ ³ñ»õÇÝ« àñáÝù ݳ˳ÝÓ áõ ³Ý½ûñ« øáõ ¹ÇÙ³ó ÏÁ ËáݳñÑÇÝ: ì³ñ¹Ç µáõÝçǪ í³ñ¹Ý ³Ýµá°õß« ø»°½ ßáÛ»Ù ³Ýí¿ñù Ùݳ٫ ²÷ ÙÁ Ýé³Ý« ÝáõéÝ ³Ýá°õß« гٵáõñ»Ù« ϳñûï Ùݳ٩©© ð³ýýÇ ê³ñ·Ç뻳Ý

γï³ñ»³É ºë ºë DZÝã ·ñ»Ù áñ ù»½Ç ·áí»Ù« ¹áõÝ Ï³ï³ñ»³°É »ë: س½»ñ¹ ·³ñÝ³Ý ÑáíÇï ͳÕÏáõݪ í³ñ¹Ç ïáõÝÏ »ë: â¿« ã¿ ³Ýµ³õ³ñ³ñ ¿ ï¿'ë« í³ñ¹Á ÏÁ óé³ÙÇ« ·³ñáõÝ Ï'³ÝÑ»ïÇ µ³Ûó ¹á'õÝ« ¹áõÝ Ï³ï³ñ»³°É »ë: ð³ýýÇ ê³ñ·Ç뻳Ý

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¶ñ»ó¿ù Ù»½Ç §ÂáñáÝÃáѳۦ Çñ ÁÝûñóáÕÝ»ñ¿Ý ³ÝÓÝ³Ï³Ý ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ËÙµ³·ñáõû³Ý áõÕÕáõ³Í ϳñÍÇùÝ»ñ ÏÁ ëï³Ý³Û Ù»ù»Ý³·ñáõ³Í »õ áõÕÕáõ³Í Ñ»ï»õ»³É »É»ÏïñáÝÇù ѳëó¿Çݪ Email: torontohye@gmail.com

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öºîðàô²ð 2016 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 124

CANADIAN ARMENIANS

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THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE CENTENNIAL COMMITTEE OF CANADA (ONTARIO) PHASE- II REPORT, JUNE 1 DECEMBER 31, 2015 The Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada (TAGCCC) reported on its planned Phase I activities and events in the TorontoHye and other Canadian Armenian publications back in June 2015. Those projects and events covered functions from January to May 2015. This report on Phase II functions and events will complete the TAGCCC s achievements over the 2015 Centennial Year.

There are still a number of events scheduled to take place in the first quarter of 2016 as part of the original agenda which were delayed due to timing issues.

As stated in previous reports, we have accommodated all of the Centennial Functions; those which were planned and implemented by the Centennial Committee through its dedicated sub-committees on one hand, and those functions and events which were initiated and executed by various community organizations and sponsored by the Genocide Centennial Committee on the other hand. All of these functions and events complemented each other in a wide spectrum of activities, revealing the strength of the Ontario Armenian community and its affiliated organizations.

CENTENNIAL COMMITTEE ORGANIZED EVENTS: 1. TORONTO COMMUNITY TREE PLANTING: Members of the Toronto Armenian Community participated in this tree planting project initiated by City of Toronto Councillor Jim Karygiannis.

This was a cooperative effort with participation from Greek and other communities, to plant trees in memory of all Genocides that took place during the 20th century. About 50 of the Armenian community members and youth took part in this dedication event on September 12th, 2015 from 10:00 am to 2:00 pm. The event began with prayers by our priests, Father Stepanos Pashayan, and Archpriest Gomidas Panosian, subsequently archpriest Father Zareh Zargarian Joined the Group. About 150 trees were planted by the Armenian Community group, dedicated to the victims of the Armenian Genocide on this Centennial Year.

2. ART & MEMORY ART EXHIBIT: This project was in planning for over a year. The subcommittee headed by Mr. Vatche Iskedjian and the team came up with the idea of remembering thousands of Armenian artists who created their art in the Ottoman Empire and who perished during the Genocide years, 1915-1923. Canadian painters, sculptors and photographers were asked to create new art works dedicated to the subject of Genocide in memory of their massacred colleagues.

This was a juried art exhibit at the ARTA GALLERIES in the Distillery District in downtown Toronto. Out of over 60 submissions from Canadian Armenian Artists, about 50 works of art were selected for the Exhibit.

There was also a catalogue prepared for this exhibition, describing each work of art and presenting biography of each artist. The exhibition opened on September 24th 2015, with an at capacity crowd on hand of about 300 people and lasted one whole week, during which two important functions were held at the Gallery; I. BOOK PRESENTATION: by Armenian Photojournalist Scout Tufenkjian, for her new book There is Only The Earth .

The book is a Photo documentary of all the Armenian communities across the continent.

She visited all Armenian communities including Armenia and Artsakh. The function was well attended with a full capacity crowd of art lovers including Atom Egoyan and Arsine Khanjian.

II. R E M E M B E R I N G T H R O U G H POETRY: September 27th, 2015 was a special night for many. It was a tribute to the enduring spirit of our Armenian writers and poets, who were massacred during the Armenian

Genocide (1915-1923). Dr. Hrant Markarian was the main presenter of his English translations of some of the works of the martyred poets and writers, whose lives were not spared. Poetries and passages were read

by Dr. Markarian, biographer and writer Keith Gharibian, and writer and poet Dr. Alan Whitehorn, professor of political science at the Royal Military College of Canada. That it was standing only room at the Arta Gallery was a testament that the Armenian communities in general and the Toronto Armenian community in particular, have strong bonds with their cultural heritage.

3. CANADA WE THANK YOU EXHIBIT: On October 22nd, 2015 there was an exhibit opening at the Rotunda of the City of Toronto city hall dedicated to Canada s humanitarian contributions during the years of the Armenian genocide and after.

Sponsored by the Centennial Committee of Canada and Councillor Raymond Cho, this week long exhibit told the story of the Canadian people, churches and families who played a

part in fundraising and sponsoring the Georgetown Boys orphans of the genocide.

The posters and exhibits were prepared by the Sara Corning Institute for Genocide Education. The opening ceremony was held at 6:00 pm on October 22nd, where Raffi Sarkissian, Dr. Alen Whitehorn and Keith Gharibian addressed the attendees.

4. ACADEMIC CONFERENCE AT RYERSON UNIVERSITY: October 23rd, 2015 Conference on the cultural loss and the psychological effects on genocide survivors and future Armenian generations. The moderator for the conference was Dr. Alan Whitehorn, professor of political science, Emeritus, at the Royal Military College of Canada. Presenters at the conference were well known scholars, Dr. Richard Hovannisian, American Historian and Professor Emeritus at UCLA, Dr. Khatchig Mouradian, coordinator of the Armenian Genocide programme at the centre for the study of Genocide, Conflict Resolution and Human Rights at Rutgers University, and Dr. Alan Staub, Professor of Psychology, Emeritus, at the university of Massachusetts Amherst.

The conference was co- hosted by the Politics and Public Administration Departments of Ryerson University and the Armenian Students Association of Ryerson University and sponsored by Ryerson University s History Department. The conference discussed the short term and long term psychological effects of genocide on survivors and future generations and the examination of the lasting effect of the trauma on the Armenian Nation and the importance of closure with a fair settlement. The last phase of genocide is not denial but a fair compensation and settlement.

The Ryerson University Armenian Students

Association and Armen Karo Students did an excellent job along with the Centennial Book Committee, who displayed all the books published on the subject of Genocide.

5. FORGET ME NOT CONCERT: Memories were stirred on November 7th, 2015 at the Toronto Centre for the Performing ArtsGeorge Weston Recital Hall to a capacity crowd with a musical tribute to our thousands of Artists, musicians and composers who were annihilated during the Armenian Genocide (1915-1923). This musical tribute to the enduring spirit of the Armenian Nation presented the musical talent of post genocide Armenian composers, the so called survivor generation . Internationally acclaimed soprano Hasmik Papian and star violinist Nune Melikian performed with Canada s premier Chamber Orchestra Sinfonia Toronto, under the direction of Maestro Nurhan Arman.

The wonderful programme featured music

by Aram Khachaturian, Alexander Arutiunian, Edvard Mirzoyan, Dikran Mansurian and Vatche Sharafyan. The concert subcommittee, which was headed by Lena Ouzounian and with support from the centennial Cultural Committee, did an excellent task in putting the programme together with the Maestro, and worked tirelessly to ensure the wide distribution of concert tickets.

6. MARKHAM MEMORIAL FOREST: On December 19th, 2015 on a very cold Saturday morning, a crowd of about 70 representatives of the Armenian Organizations of southern Ontario and the GTA were on hand to witness the dedication ceremony for the Genocide Memorial Forest at the Ashton Meadows Public Park in the City of Markham.

The ceremony started at 11:00 am with an introduction by Mark Atikian, who spearheaded this project starting two years ago along with a small public affairs committee for the realization of the project on the Centenary of the Armenian Genocide. There was a short presentation of the centennial events across Canada, coast to coast by Shahen Mirakian, Chairman of the Armenian National Committee of Canada (ANCC). Mr. Svazlian, the newly appointed Honorary Consul of the Republic of Armenia, Read the Armenian Ambassador, His Excellency Armen Yeganian s thank you

letter, expressing his gratitude to the City of Markham Mayor, His Worship Frank Scarpitti, the Councillors and the City staff for their hard work to bring the concept to fruition.

Mayor Frank Scarpitti then gave his message regarding the creation of this unique Forest of Hope initiated by the Armenian residents of the City of Markham, by donating 100 trees as a symbol on the occasion of the Centenary Armenian Genocide. Mayor Scarpitti then drew parallels between the Armenian Genocide, which killed 1.5 million Armenian population and uprooted them from their native homes, to the calamity that struck the Ashton Meadows park by the Asia Bor,

which killed healthy trees, With this dedication we are giving a new life to the park to make it an enjoyable space again for the residents of the City of Markham.

Along with the Mayor there were seven City of Markham and Region of York councillors present at the dedication ceremony, which was concluded by a soil turning event.

Construction and the planting of the trees will be done in the Spring, when the planting season arrives.

7. U P C O M I N G E V E N T: B O O K PRESENTATION There is a new resource publication sponsored by the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada, researched by Aram Adjemian, titled THE CALL FROM ARMENIA-Canada s Response to the Armenian Genocide , it contained archival material from the years prior to the Armenian Genocide, through the Genocide years (1915-1923) and subsequent years of accepting the Georgetown Boys and their settlement in Canada. The book will be presented by Aram Adjemian and Mher Karakashian, Chairman of the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee, who will give a brief background on the topic.

There are still minor Centennial activities in 2016 which spilled over from the 2015 planned projects and events, but the committee will conclude its activities with a moral and financial report to our Southern Ontario Communities, who have participated and encouraged diligently all of our functions. The Centennial Committee and all of the associated sub-committees have been a group of dedicated members who worked in unison and dedicated their time to properly remember our Genocide Martyrs, now Saints. Thank you for your encouragement, participation and financial support.

THE SPONSORED FUNCTIONS: Besides the Scheduled functions of the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee, there were scores of functions by various organizations of the Armenian Community of southern Ontario and the GTA. The spirit of cooperation was present throughout the year among all organizations. The following are the main functions which were sponsored by The Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada (ONTARIO): 1. SPIRIT OF A NATION , DANCE PERFORMANCE FEST: Hamazkayin EREPUNI dance ensemble and dance Academy s 5th annual showcase with Artistic Director and Dance Instructor Lori Najarian presented Armenian folk dance of different Western Armenian provinces and regions. The function was held at the Armenian Youth Centre on June 27th and 28th, 2015.

2. FROM DUSK TO DAWN: A musical evening organized by the Armenian Evangelical Church of Toronto, to cont. on page 31

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VARIETY

Syrian Armenian Refugees Arriving in Toronto Expected to Rise My very own þMinecraftþ...

By Talyn Terzian Gilmour Ever feel like you re watching yourself live your life as though you were in a video game? Do you turn left? Or go right? Do you use a shovel or a bomb-thrower to knock out some zombies? What if the zombies are your kids that were just turned into zombies? What do you do then?

Lately I feel completely discombobulated out of my familiar environment and with a to-do list longer than my arm I feel like I m in the eye of a tornado. I know I need to loosen the reigns - as an absolute control freak I have an unwavering belief that without me in charge how else could things possibly ever get done? (Said every obsessive-compulsive, perfectionistic-tendency having control freak...)

When I wake up in the morning it s like I m walking straight into Minecraft a video game my boys are obsessed with (and therefore osmotically I m aware of everything Minecraft) the slightest misstep and BLAST! Alarm goes off, I jump out of bed and head to the washroom because who can stand the full bladder any longer (speaking of which I swear that while my entire midsection grew after two pregnancies, my bladder seems to now be the size of an acorn)!! Brush teeth, wash face, decide that two-day dirty hair isn t so dirty when you re trying to get out of the door and quite frankly not heading to a high power meeting on Bay Street, although moms in the school parking lot can be an even tougher crowd so a quick brush, some makeup and voila, I m off to the races That is, until I have to wake them up When I was young I was drawn to those video games where the zombies come towards you with blank stares, arms outstretched in front, stiffly limbering forward, mouths agape. You would have to blast them with your laser until eventually, inevitably, you were overtaken. That s exactly what it s like waking up my two boys at ages 9 and nearly 6 every morning before school only I m overtaken in less than 5 minutes flat!

Every morning I turn on the light, I say good morning (in that terribly annoying and completely disingenuous happy tone that I use to mask my absolute terror that they will totally ignore me or start yelling at me to sleep longer and erupt my anger which feels like it s on a precipice just waiting to ignite) and pull their very weighted bodies off the bed so that if I m lucky, their autopilot will kick in the moment their toes touch the ground and we will merrily make it out on time. I ve even resorted to reminding them that they have to rush to the bathroom (because they must need to use it) and when that doesn t work, Who ll be first to go to the washroom, brush their teeth, wash their face and comb their hair? some friendly competition.

Today I had an extra reason to get them out of the house on time I had a meeting with a very, very important person who had taken time out of their very, very busy day

just to give me some very, very much needed advice on, well, the rest of my professional life. Mr. Niceguy would be taking double trouble to school and to make things easier on him lunches were prepared the night before and stored in the refrigerator, snow pants, extra shoes, and school projects all packed in backpacks (I lost 30 minutes of my life last night as well as the opportunity to watch the Bachelor because I had to cut out a million jigsaw puzzle pieces for the 9 year old with scissors that were not small enough and I swear my hands were trembling so much that I now fear I ve finally entered the realm of hyperthyroidism or was it just that fourth cup of coffee today?)

In any case, I made it out the door bleary eyed and all and even though I still have a head full of matted tangles I m presentable enough and only a few minutes late so I stake out the perfect spot and I m sure this person will be here any moment Hmmm I ve double checked my emails, the time on my phone, the time with the coffee shop and ok, 15 minutes is fashionably late, right?

I m really hungry and could really use that coffee now I ll send an email and just let them know I m here t + 22 minutes I wonder, did I even confirm this meeting? Quick check of email and GASP!!!

I didn t even confirm! OMG but what do I do now? Sometimes people don t wait for confirmations and it s only t + 27 minutes plus I sent all those emails letting them know I m here!

OK think, think, think! I ll get a latte because that will grease my brain wheels and I did tell the baristas I m waiting for someone and they re giving me their full on pitiful stares like I ve been jilted on Valentine s Day! One latte down one croissant inhaled and still no contact until PING! Oh my goodness, it s my person and they re not even in town! Ugh, how could I have been so amateur to not even confirm a meeting? Ugh! Ugh! UGH!!!!! *So embarrassing. *SIGH* I guess I will just head out and find something else to do, after all I did promise the nearly 6 year old a new backpack and some kind of light up shoes for school. And the 9 year old was hoping for new play pants.

I guess it s pretty obvious I m the zombie here. With so much going on I m like the walking dead roaming around in my life, arms outstretched, mouth agape, limbering along with the blank stare.

At least my person is understanding and generous enough to give me a new meeting time but wait, what s that on my windshield? A parking ticket???!!! I m in a no parking before 10:00 am parking spot?!

How did I ever miss that??!!

Incidentally, this author did get a chance to have that meeting and it proved to be a definite step in the right direction and out of the eye of the storm!

Syrian Armenian families are served Christmas dinner at ACC of Toronto.

Syrian Armenians are being served with food at ACC main hall.

Syrian Armenian refugees at a job fair organized

by CABC at ACC, January 27

By Lara Onayak

coming to Canada, she said. Unfortunately, they didn t do enough research on what life is like here in Canada. They realize they have to work more here than [back home]. The expenses are beyond their expectations [such as] rent, daily life, groceries, everything.

She adds that the committee s organization of events and job fairs have helped the refugees understand their responsibilities and develop their lives and futures as new Canadians.

The committee organized a SyrianArmenian Newcomer Job Fair at the Armenian Community Centre on January 27th and another on February 3rd at the Armenian General Benevolent Union. We re [building] connections with different groups and trying to find jobs for them, she said. Some of them [have] found [jobs] but on my list I have around 150 people still looking for jobs.

The committee s Facebook page shares information benefiting refugees, from driver s license information and future arrivals, to advertisements for furniture.

Donations may be made on the ACCSAT website at sah.armenian.ca.

The Armenian Community Centre-Sponsorship Agreement Holder (ACC-SAH) committee has approved over 1,300 sponsorship applications for Syrian refugees by the end of year, according to the committee applications.

Lorig Katerjian, head of the ACC-SAH, said the committee has submitted over 2,600 applications to sponsor refugees in conflict countries such as Syria and Iraq, as well as neighbouring countries including Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey. Katerjian said over 1,100 of the applications were approved and refugees began arriving in Toronto in last year in 2015, with most of them settling in Willowdale.

Children have been enrolled in their schools, many of them at the A.R.S Armenian Private School, as well as public and Catholic schools.

Although the refugees are now safe and provided with basic necessities, Katerjian points out the difficulties of transitioning to life in Canada.

There s a culture shock when they arrive here because usually it s the first time they re

Armenian Association of Toronto (AAT) Raffle Winners The AAT fundraising effort to benefit the breakfast and lunch program of the Daniel Ghazarian Music School in Shushi, Artsakh concluded with a lottery draw on New Year s Eve. The draw took place in front of a packed hall with over 300 Armenians who had come to celebrate the arrival of the new year.

The winner of the third prize, an iPad

mini, was Adrine Gharabegian of Laval, Quebec.

The second prize winner of a 50-inch Samsung LED TV was Berge Minassian of Toronto.

And the grand prize winner of a $3000 travel voucher, or 2 tickets to Armenia, was Gevik Malkhassian of Etobicoke.

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ARMENIA

New Mining Complex Inaugurated In Karabakh (RFE/RL)- An Armenian mining giant has built a new copper and molybdenum ore processing plant in Nagorno-Karabakh as part of the biggest business project implemented in the territory in more than a decade.

Vallex Group inaugurated the modern plant late last month shortly after launching open-pit mining operations at the nearby Kashen deposit in Karabakh s northern Martakert district containing an estimated 275,000 metric tons of copper and 3,200 tons of molybdenum. The company claims to have invested $130 million in the new facilities currently employing more than 1,400 people.

The Kashen project was launched two years ago amid the depletion of copper and gold reserves located elsewhere in Martakert.

Vallex s Karabakh subsidiary, Base Metals, has exploited the Drmbon reserves since 2001, becoming Karabakh s single largest corporate taxpayer and private employer.

According to officials in Stepanakert, Base Metals has paid an average of 4 billion drams ($8.3 million) in taxes each year. By comparison, the Karabakh government s 2016 budget is worth 89 billion drams.

'3f '3fBako Sahakian, the Karabakh president, underscored the Kashen project s importance to the local economy with his presence at the inauguration ceremony.

Sahakian said new jobs created by Vallex will contribute to economic growth.

His prime minister, Ara Harutiunian, told reporters that the non-ferrous metal reserves at Kashen will be enough to keep the new mining complex operational for at least 25 years. Harutiunian downplayed recent years substantial drop in international copper prices, saying that Vallex could even expand its mining operations in Karabakh in the coming years.

Vallex plans to extract and enrich at least 1.75 million tons of ore annually. It says that the Kashen deposit contains about 56 million tons of ore.

The company, which has bigger mining operations in Armenia, has hired not only Armenian but also foreign specialists to build and run the new facility. I hadn t heard of a country called Karabakh before I came here, Johann Murray, a South African mining engineer, told Karabakh television during the ceremony. Karabakh Armenians are proud

French Loan To Finance More Irrigation Upgrades In Armenia

An irrigation canal in the southern Armavir region

(RFE/RL)- The French government will provide Armenia with an $82 million loan that will be used for refurbishing and expanding irrigation networks in the country s rural areas.

According to the French Embassy in Yerevan, the French Development Agency (AFD) and the Armenian Finance Ministry will sign a relevant agreement January 26.

An embassy statement released on Thursday said the loan will directly benefit 4,500 households in the fruit-growing Ararat Valley south and west of the Armenian capital.

The statement indicated that it will be mainly spent on the construction of a water reservoir near Vedi, a small town in the southern Ararat province. The facility will increase by 3,200 hectares the total area of arable land in the region covered by irrigation, it said.

The head of Armenia s State Committee on Water Resources, Aram Harutiunian, stressed the strategic importance of the Vedi reservoir when he met with a senior AFD official in early December. He said that its construction will start in 2016 and take about

five years.

Armenia s Soviet-built irrigation networks have already absorbed considerable capital investments in the last several years. That includes a $177 million reconstruction of 6 major canals, 17 water pumping stations and the water drainage system of Ararat and neighboring Armavir provinces. It was financed by a U.S. government agency, the Millennium Challenge Corporation. The project was completed in 2011.

Later in 2011, the World Bank disbursed an $18 million loan for further irrigation upgrades in the country, which were due to benefit about 90,000 farmers. Nevertheless, a lack of irrigation water remains a serious problem hampering the development of the Armenian agricultural sector.

In 2015, the Armenian government secured two more irrigation credits, worth a combined $65 million, from the Moscow-based Eurasian Fund for Stabilization and Development and a lending arm of the OPEC group of oil-exporting nations.

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Officials inaugurate an ore processing plant built near the Kashen copper deposit, 26 Dec 2015.

and decent people. I enjoy working with them.

The Martakert mines have been a major contributor to robust economic growth recorded in Karabakh in the last several years.

The total number of employed people in Karabakh rose from 41,000 in 2007 to 50,300 in 2014, Harutiunian said a year ago.

Thousands of other, mostly male Karabakh Armenians serve in the local military closely integrated with Armenia s armed forces.

The Karabakh economy grew by over 7 percent in January-September 2015 on the back of a 32 percent rise in agricultural production.

EBRD Investments In Armenia Hit Record High

EBRD President Suma Chakrabarti delivers a speech during a meeting in Tbilisi, Georgia, May 14, 2015.

Emil Danielyan (RFE/RL)- The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) said that its investments in Armenia, mostly channeled into the private sector, reached a record high of $140 million last year.

The London-based institution supporting economic reforms in former Communist states said it financed 14 business projects implemented in various sectors of the Armenian economy.

The EBRD thus accounted for a considerable part of foreign direct investment (FDI) attracted by the South Caucasus country in 2015. The Armenian government recorded $263 million in FDI inflows in JanuarySeptember.

In a statement circulated by its Yerevan office, the bank described the record-high figure as a clear indication of both the investment opportunities in the country and strong demand for EBRD funding. The EBRD s ability to attract increasing financial resources to Armenia is testament to the bankability of our clients and the overall investment climate in Armenia, the head of the office, Mark Davis, was quoted as saying.

While 2016 is likely to be a challenging year, I see a number of new opportunities in Armenia to add to our client base, and several deal prospects are already maturing, added

Davis. Overall I am optimistic, especially about capital market development and the emergence of more private equity investment activity.

The EBRD has invested a total of $1.13 billion in about 150 projects in Armenia ever since it began operating in the country in 1992.

Nearly 90 percent of those investments have gone into the private sector, largely taking the form of minority stake purchases in local banks and other firms as well as foreign corporations setting up shop in the country.

As recently as on December 10, the EBRD paid just over $20 million for a 22.7 percent share in Armenia s Inecobank. The deal was tied to Inecobank s acquisition of ProCredit Bank Armenia. The two banks have thousands of small and medium-sized businesses among their clients. Their merger meant a further consolidation of the Armenian banking sector strongly supported by the EBRD. Local commercial banks have absorbed nearly half of the EBRD s total investments in Armenia. The EBRD has also invested in the country s energy, agribusiness, mining and transport sections as well as public infrastructure.

On December 11, the EBRD announced the release of a $9 million loan for the construction of a solid waste landfill in Yerevan meeting European Union standards. The project also received about $18 million in funding from the EU.

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Watchdog Finds No Progress in Armenian Anti-Corruption Drive education, tax collection and law enforcement.

The ACC and other Armenian civic groups are very skeptical about the seriousness of the government pledges.

H o k ta n i a n a r g u e d t h a t Abrahamian s predecessors had also set up and headed anticorruption councils. Its structure is slightly different, but as life has demonstrated, one should not have serious expectations from this council, he told a news conference.

Varuzhan Hoktanian, head of the Armenian branch of Transparency International. The council can be effective only if they implement profound reforms, (RFE/RL)- The scale and 94th in the 2014 CPI that covered rather than imitate them. gravity of government corruption 174 countries and territories.

Hoktanian insisted that the Varuzhan Hoktanian of the in Armenia has remained Armenian authorities still lack the essentially unchanged in the past Anti-Corruption Center (ACC), political will to tackle corruption in year, Transparency International Transparency International s said in an annual global survey Armenian affiliate, portrayed the earnest. If they have a political will latest rankings as further proof of they will take a number of concrete released recently.

Armenia ranked 95th out of a lack of progress in the Armenian steps, he said. The first step must 168 countries that were evaluated government s declared efforts to be putting an end to the political and economic monopolies in the in the 2015 Corruption Perceptions combat graft.

The government vowed to step country. Monopolies always go hand Index (CPI) drawn up by the Berlinbased watchdog.Transparency up those efforts in July when Prime in hand with corruption.

Economic monopolization International assigned it an Minister Hovik Abrahamian chaired aggregate score of 35 on scale the first meeting of his newly formed leads to political monopolization, from zero to 100 points. The anti-graft council. The council he added, alluding to the fact that maximum score indicates a approved a plan of mostly some lucrative sectors of the perceived absence of corruption in legislative actions meant to Armenian economy have long been complicate corrupt practices among controlled by government-linked a country.

Armenia scored 37 and was officials dealing with healthcare, individuals.

Prison Deaths Raise Questions

A newly constructed prison in Armavir region, 29 Nov 2014.

Sargis Harutyunyan

(RFE/RL)- A criminal suspect in Armenia has died in suspicious circumstances after spending only several hours at a recently constructed prison that was billed by officials as the country s first European-style penitentiary institution.

Anzor Karapetian, a 20-yearold resident of Armavir, a town close to the new prison, was found hanged in his cell early on January 4, the third such case registered there in less than a month.

The prison administration and law-enforcement authorities claim that he committed suicide.

Armenia s Investigative Committee has launched an inquiry under a Criminal Code article dealing with cases where individuals are induced to kill themselves. A spokeswoman for the lawenforcement agency said on Thursday that nobody has been arrested or charged yet.

Karapetian s relatives categorically rule out the possibility of a suicide. They say that an autopsy found traces of violence on his body.

Karapetian was transferred to the Armavir prison late on January 3, three days after being arrested and charged with a murder attempt. He was found dead the following morning.

Karapetian s father Marat said the young man was in a normal mood when he surrendered to the police on December 31. He was not a miserable guy. He could not have taken his life, he told RFE/RL s Armenian service (Azatutyun.am).

Two other prisoners were found hanged at the Armavir jail in December. The official cause of their deaths was also suicide.

Artur Sakunts, an Armenian human rights activist, expressed serious concern at the incidents.

This means that there are quite serious problems with human rights in that institution and that bringing prison conditions into conformity with European standards alone does not guarantee humane treatment of inmates, he said.

Designed for at least 800 inmates, the Armavir institution is Armenia s first prison built after the Soviet collapse with funding and technical assistance provided by

Western donors. It was inaugurated in late 2014 with a ceremony attended by President Serzh Sarkisian, then Justice Minister Hovannes Manukian and then U.S. Ambassador to Armenia John Heffern.

'3f '3fManukian described the development as a major step towards improving the traditionally harsh prison conditions in Armenia by making them meet European standards and requirements of the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture.

As recently as on December 15, 2015 Prime Minister Hovik Abrahamian visited the Armavir prison to inaugurate new facilities built there. Abrahamian was accompanied by Richard Mills, the current U.S. ambassador, and Piotr Switalski, the head of the European Union Delegation in Yerevan. An Armenian government statement quoted Mills as describing the new prison as a step forward on the way to reforming the judiciary and penitentiary institutions in Armenia.

The current Justice Minister Arpine Hovannisian, whose ministry oversees Armenia s prisons and detention centers, also attended and spoke at the ceremony. Her press service on Thursday refused to comment on the string of Armavir prison deaths, saying that the criminal investigations into them are still not complete.

Ill-treatment of criminal suspects by police and other lawenforcement bodies has long been commonplace in Armenia. The U.S. State Department has highlighted the problem in detail in its annual reports on human rights in the country.

Karabakh Still Freer Than Azerbaijan, Says U.S. Watchdog

(RFE/RL)--Nagorno-Karabakh remains a partly free territory governed by a less repressive administration than Azerbaijan, the U.S. human rights group Freedom House said in an annual survey released in January.

Freedom House evaluated political rights and civil liberties in 195 countries and 15 territories, including Karabakh, on a 7-point scale, with 1 representing the most free and 7 the least free. It again rated both Karabakh and Armenia partly free and kept Azerbaijan in the not free category of nations surveyed.

What is more, the Freedom in the World 2016 survey further downgraded Azerbaijan s ratings, giving the authorities in Baku a median score of 6.5.

Azerbaijan s political rights rating declined from 6 to 7 due to an intensified crackdown on dissent, widespread irregularities surrounding the November parliamentary elections, and serious violations of the right to a fair trial in cases against journalists, opposition activists, and human rights defenders, it explained.

President Ilham Aliyev s government used the polls to show its teeth to the democratic world, barring several foreign journalists from covering the process and imposing restrictions on international observer groups that led some to suspend their

monitoring missions, adds the report.

By comparison, Karabakh s political rights and civil liberties ratings remained unchanged at 5.

Freedom House upgraded the status of the Armenian-populated unrecognized republic, which broke away from Azerbaijani rule in the early 1990s, from not free to partly free in 2013. The watchdog attributed that to Karabakh s competitive July 2012 presidential election which it said featured a genuine opposition.

The Azerbaijani government condemned the U.S. watchdog s latest evaluations of Azerbaijan and especially Karabakh. Setting aside the separatist regime created in the occupied territories of Azerbaijan in the latest annual report is yet another instance of bias shown by Freedom House, Foreign Ministry spokesman Hikmet Hajiyev said, according to the APA news agency.

Hajiyev said that previous reports also exposed Freedom House s biased attitude towards Azerbaijan s territorial integrity and sovereignty.

Like other Western human rights groups, Freedom House has repeatedly decried the arrests and imprisonment of dozens of Aliyev critics in recent years. In 2014, it urged the United States and the European Union to consider imposing sanctions on Azerbaijani officials involved in human rights abuses.

Armenian Government Reports Tax Revenue Shortfall (RFE/RL)- The Armenian government s tax revenue fell short of the target set in the state budget for last year, despite continued economic growth in the country.

The 2015 budget committed the government to collecting almost 1.14 trillion drams ($2.4 billion) in various taxes and duties. According to newly publicized Finance Ministry data, tax authorities met less than 94 percent of that target.

Its shows that taxes paid by Armenia s 1,000 largest companies accounted for almost two-thirds of the total tax revenue. At 696.5 billion drams, their tax contributions were slightly down from the 2014 level.

In 2015 we failed to meet the tax revenue target, Deputy Finance Minister Pavel Safarian told reporters last week. The reason for that is known to you: a slower-than-expected GDP growth.

The Armenian economy was on course to grow by approximately 3 percent in 2015. The government had

forecast a growth rate of 4.1 percent.

Prime Minister Hovik Abrahamian has blamed the slowdown on external factors, notably a recession in Russia that has significantly reduced vital remittances from Armenian migrant workers. That reduction may also explain why the volume of wholesale and retail trade in Armenia shrunk last year, leading some critics of the government to wonder whether the economy grew at all.

Artak Manukian, an independent economist, said on Thursday that the tax revenue shortfall of 73 billion drams ($152 million) is raising more questions about the official growth figures. Either there was more tax evasion or the [reported] economic growth has nothing to do with reality.

The government expects Gross Domestic Product to increase, in real terms, by only 2.2 percent this year.

Its 2016 budgetary revenue is projected to be slightly below the 2015 target.

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A Record Breaking Year for Environmental Education in Armenia

By Ani Melkonian Environmental education has been one of Armenia Tree Project s strategic priorities since 2005, with trainings and workshops conducted all over Armenia. Thousands of schoolchildren visit ATP s two education centers sponsored by the Ohanian Family of Boston. The centers--one located on the grounds of the Karin Nursery and another in M a r g a h o v i t Vi l l a g e - - p r o v i d e interactive lessons focused on all aspects of the environment.

2015 was a record-breaking year as more students visited the centers than ever before. Sixty four school groups (1,646 students) from Yerevan, Kotayk and Armavir attended classes at the Michael and Virginia Ohanian Environmental Education Center in Karin, which significantly exceeds the number from previous years. In Margahovit, 74 school groups (1,971 students) visited the Michael and Virginia Ohanian Center for Environmental Studies from Lori, Tavush, Gegharkunik and Shirak.

Our approach is that planting trees is not enough when there is limited awareness about environmental issues in the country, explains education manager Alla Sahakyan. Through our environmental education program,

ATP aims to raise a responsible generation of Armenians that will take on their roles as caretakers and protectors of the environment. To support that goal, our team works hard to instill respect, care and understanding towards nature in the youth.

Melanya Sarukhanyan is a 13year old schoolgirl from Margahovit and a regular at the Ohanian Center.

She s a member of ATP s eco-club, the inauguration of which in 2012 was cause for great excitement in the village. Melanya was introduced to the club at school by her biology teacher Gayane Markaryan, who also happens to be the eco-club trainer. The club has 35 members in two age groups--middle and high school students--and they meet three times a week. Making the extra effort after school is no inconvenience for the students because they enjoy learning new things in a stimulating and peaceful environment, says Sahakyan.

The Ohanian Center is like an illustration straight out of a children s book. The building itself is camouflaged to reflect the surrounding green rolling mountains, with the Hrant Dink Memorial Forest in the background and the Mirak Family Reforestation Nursery within sight of the gardens. The front yard is a beautifully laid out garden and

an exhibition of the children s projects. The delicate flowers, plants and vegetables are a result of all that the children are learning in the eco-club.

Here Melanya has learned how to make compost, how to graft fruit trees, and how to plant and care for trees. She s also learned about organic insect control and growing organic vegetables. ATP has introduced broccoli and Brussels sprouts to the village, where only cabbage and potatoes were grown in the past.

Students also study the importance of bees in an ecosystem, the damage of pesticides and herbicides to bee colonies, bee care and honey production.

The goal is to connect children with the environment. We want them to value their natural heritage, adds Sahakyan.

When asked what she likes about the eco-club, Melanya says they put into practice things they learn in theory. We use modern and at the same time eco-friendly technology, which we don t have at school, says Melanya. We watch slideshows and videos together...It s more fun that way. I ve learned that nature gives us life, so we must care for it.

A vital part of ATP s education program is for students to make a

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Michael and Virginia Ohanian Center for Environmental Studies,Northern Armenia.

connection between what they learn and what occurs in their daily lives.

They apply their knowledge by making compost in their gardens and by recycling paper and plastic bottles. I get a lot of phone calls from parents complaining because their kids won t allow them to throw trash away, jokes Sahakyan. That s how I know our work is paying off.

In addition to hosting local students, ATP hosts diasporan youth as part of the Building Bridges program in the USA. Students from Armenia meet their peers from the diaspora and together learn about their natural heritage and a little bit about each other. In 2015, ATP hosted six school visits from the diaspora which included tree

plantings at historical locations like Sardarabad. The environmental education program also includes the training of teachers to use the Plant an Idea, Plant a Tree manual published by ATP and approved by the Ministry of Education, and conducting lessons at a number of workshops and summer camps.

Since its inception in 1994, ATP has planted more than 4.9 million trees, established three nurseries and two environmental education centers, and has greened villages, churches, parks, and open spaces throughout Armenia. In the process, the organization has provided employment for hundreds of people and provided vital resources to thousands of villagers.

Meline s Garden: Challenging Monoculture in the Motherland

By Lena Tachdjian Diasporan Armenians are known to develop obsessions about local Armenian food. The taste of the apricots, the juiciness of the tomatoes, and the aromatic honey have no comparison, and nothing back home can come close.

However, for those who have spent time in Armenia through all of the seasons, the tendency towards mono-eating becomes a little more obvious especially during the wintertime. While tomato and cucumber salads become an automatic staple during the spring and summer, beets, cabbage, and potatoes seem to be the only options to choose from during the winter (beyond khash, of course).

While this reflects mostly what is grown, many farmers are challenging this by growing nontraditional vegetables, such as sweet potatoes and even kale, and with the rise of Syrian-Armenian spices and food shops, things are becoming more varied and interesting.

So while diasporans take a lot of the above-mentioned foods and drinks (most notably cognac) from Armenia back as gifts or for themselves, they do often return with their own essentials.

That s why when I heard about Meline s Garden, a new initiative introducing quinoa in Armenia, I knew this would radically alter my bring-back list.

While bulghur and rice are common, gretchka (buckwheat) tends to reign supreme in Armenia in terms of grains. It can be incorporated into almost every meal and cooked in a variety of ways.

Sooner or later, however, the idea of eating gretchka every day loses

its appeal. That s where Taline Kevonian comes in. After many visits to Armenia since 1996 and a twoyear stay in 2004, Kevonian had a vision to tackle some of the country s tendency towards high-sugar diets.

She initially thought planting agave would be her focus in order to replace sugar, but she soon realized Armenia s climate was not right for this tropical type of growth.She opted for quinoa instead, as it has many health benefits, is an adaptable grain, already contains the natural pesticide saponin, is much better suited for diabetics due to its fiber content, and after a few seasons it actually replenishes the nutrients in the soil it is planted in. Another plus was that, as she and many others were a little sick of the common grains available, she felt quinoa would add some healthy diversity to the tendency of mono-culture in the motherland.

Kevonian began renting out her apartment in the United States in order to save money for her project, and was confident in her decision, as she believed she would be doing something beneficial for a community she had spent so much time in.

Soon, however, she began experiencing the notorious chi gareli (it s not possible) mentality of many local and diasporan friends.

Reminding herself that Trader Joe s didn t have any quinoa 10 years ago, and that it is a grain neutral in appearance and therefore not a scary new product, she knew it had potential to become something big and beneficial in Armenia.

She approached a farmer she had known for more than 13 years in Halidzor with her plan and asked if he wanted to dedicate a section

of his plot of land to growing quinoa together. After going over the details, he agreed with the idea of bringing his boy back from Russia, and after a few celebratory (mandatory) shots of tti oghi the wheels were in motion.

Kevonian brought with her four different types of seeds to plant, acknowledging Armenia did in fact have wild quinoa, though it did not carry the same nutritional aspects of cultured.

Between May and June, they planted the seeds to test them.

Some mistakes were made and learned from such as planting them too close to each other, therefore causing cross pollination. But they had also made a decision to grow it in less-than-ideal conditions such as areas with very little water and if it succeeded they would confidently know that if it can grow here, it can grow anywhere.

With quinoa it is just an initial 1.5 months of monitoring where we would have to keep the weeds in check, change positions if needed on top of the planting itself, and after that it is not a labor intensive process, Kevonian said of the quinoa production process.

Already from that one experimental plot in Halidzor, Meline s Garden will expand to six more areas by the end of the year, including Sisian and Tavush, and Kevonian is in the process of signing contracts with the interested farmers.

Her focus is on working with smallscale farms (of about six hectares) to establish a network of dependable farmers who can remain reliable and not overwhelmed. A few local and international organizations have also p r o p o s e d p r o j e c ts t o w o r k specifically with border villages.

First round of seed planting

Taline Kevonian s overall approach is that she is not helping anyone. She wanted to avoid this sort of mentality she saw in a lot of diasporan friends with good intentions, or even organizations that focus solely on charity. She wants the resulting partnership to be mutually beneficial and since the positive benefits of this venture significantly outweigh the negatives, Kevonian has learned to focus only on individuals who agree to take on some of the responsibility.

Although she has three master s degrees, she is quick to point out that she has no specialization in agriculture. However, she asks rhetorically, Why would I work in international development when I have an idea that would directly support farmers and benefit communities?

She elaborated more on her initial reasons for going forward with this project: My grandmother is Meline, who the project is named after, and it is also my middle name.

She is 94 years old, cooks the most delicious food, and is an extremely independent woman who was however sometimes overlooked. I

Farmers harvesting quinoa in Halidzor

was always connected with her and wanted this to be tribute to her.

Taline Kevonian jokes about how her grandmother had never actually tried quinoa before, and when she made her a dish, she quickly exclaimed Sa inch a! (What is this!).

Kevonian also noted a secondary reason and that was my first article published in the Armenian Weekly on veganism in Armenia. She told me that it showed her that healthy living was on the cont. on page 28

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Armenian-Azerbaijani Attrition War Escalates

By Emil Sanamyan (Armenian Weekly)- In 2015, the on-again, off-again fighting between Armenian and Azerbaijani forces continued a trend towards escalation that was already significant in 2014.

In the last 12 months, the Armenian forces have seen a more-than-50-percent increase in conflict-related casualties; judging by information leaks in spite of Azerbaijani military censorship rules, a similar increase is likely on the other side as well.* This means that the total conflict-related death toll exceeded 100 people last year.

The immediate point of this fighting is not to win any territory, but to kill as many adversary personnel as possible, increasing the cost for the status quo without escalating to a more risky full-scale war. One case of such warfare is the Arab-Israeli fighting between 1967 and 1970 known as the War of Attrition; by various estimates both sides of that fighting lost as many or more people in 3 years of low-intensity warfare than during the 6 days of full-scale war in 1967 several thousand for both sides.

Compared to the 1967-70 war, the Armenian-Azerbaijani fighting remains at the lower end of intensity. In 2015, on the Armenian side, the fatalities included 42 military personnel and 5 civilians, compared to 27 military and 6 civilians in 2014. Twenty-four of the military personnel were enlisted young men in their late teens and early 20s, 9 were older contracted servicemen, and 9 were officers. According to information available, 20 of the deaths resulted from direct combat engagements (raids and ambushes), 16 from sniper fire and other light arms shelling, and 6 from heavier artillery and mortar shelling.

Most of the fighting was concentrated in Nagorno-Karabagh s northern Mardakert district, where at least 16 Armenian servicemen were killed in combat. Half of these 16 fatalities occurred in 2 incidents: 4 servicemen were killed and more were wounded in the March 19 ambush in a forested area between Gulistan and the Yeghishe Arakyal Monastery, and 4 more were killed and over a dozen injured when on Sept. 25 Azerbaijani artillery struck an army training center in the open area just off the Madagiz-Talish Road, 3

kilometers from the Line of Contact (see for these locations).

All of the five civilian fatalities and six military personnel were killed in Armenia s northeastern Tavush province, near the towns of Noyemberian and Berd. On September 24 Tavush villages located in the immediate proximity of the border came under intense mortar fire that killed three women and wounded four other civilians.

Heavier Weapons and Better Reconnaissance Starting in late 2014, Azerbaijan began to regularly fire mortars a kind of intermediate step between light arms and the sniper warfare of the past and higher-caliber artillery shelling.

Towards the end of 2015, Azerbaijan also used D-30 howitzers (in at least two incidents, including in the Sept. 25 attack) and tanks.

The Armenian military estimated that throughout the year Azerbaijani forces fired a total of 20 125mm tank shells; 34 122mm D-30 shells; 416 120mm mortar mines; 574 TR-107 107mm rockets; and more than 10,000 82mm and 60mm mortar mines. The Armenian counter-attacks were limited to mortar fire, mostly 60 and 82mm, but judging by droneshot footage released by the Armenian military those retaliatory strikes were both devastating and deadly.

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) is altering warfare around the world, and that has been the case in Karabagh as well. Azerbaijan began to acquire UAVs from Israel in 2008 and Armenia began domestic production soon after, but their use in Karabagh really intensified over the past two years. This means that both sides now have more accurate and timely intelligence about the location of the other side s forces. If in the past most of the attacks were conducted on frontline sentry positions and trenches, where soldiers are better protected from shelling and are harder to kill, over the past year there has been a notable shift to attacks against moving targets that are more exposed.

Ilham Aliyev, Serzh Sargsyan and Vladimir Putin, 10 August 2014

Political Significance The immediate aim of the Azerbaijaniinitiated attrition warfare is mounting psychological and political pressure on the Armenian leadership by increasing Armenian casualties. It was no coincidence that fighting escalated just before meetings between the Armenian and Azerbaijani foreign ministers in New York in September and the presidents in Bern, Switzerland, in December. There were also stretches of quiet time, starting around the time of the Armenian Genocide Centennial on April 24 and continuing through the European Games hosted by Baku in June.

Statements by the Russian Foreign Ministry urging restraint made at the height of fighting in late September and mid-December also had a calming effect.

This ebb and flow in fighting is reflected in how Armenian conflict-related fatalities were reported month to month; in the table below, total fatalities (including civilians) are shown: While comprehensive data for Azerbaijani fatalities is no longer available, fragmentary information that is available follows a similar pattern.

J u d g i n g b y o ff i c i a l A z e r b a i j a n i communications, they have two main constituencies: First is the Azerbaijani public, which is assured of the country s military dominance through exaggeration of Armenian casualties and the prohibition of unofficial reports about Azerbaijani losses. With plummeting energy revenues and major currency devaluation, nationalist rallying on Karabagh is an important crutch for the government. Second is the Armenian public.

Azerbaijani leadership must be hoping that over time, through a combination of greater population numbers and greater domestic repression, they will be in a better position to cope with the costs of attrition fighting than the Armenian side.

Much of the commentary about the Karabagh conflict continues to focus on two extreme scenarios of its development: fullscale, all-out war; or all-out peace through political resolution. The experience of the last two years points in the direction of something in-between: continued and escalating attrition war. *The Armenian military news site Razm.info (in Armenian and Russian) has detailed these leaks as well as the Azerbaijani government s efforts to suppress them throughout the year.

PACE Rejects One Anti-Armenian Report on Karabakh, Approves Another The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) held a heated debate on January 26 on two reports on Nagorno-Karabakh: Escalation of violence in Nagorno-Karabakh and the other occupied territories of Azerbaijan, by rapporteur Robert Walter (UK) and Inhabitants of frontier regions of Azerbaijan are deliberately deprived of water, by rapporteur Milica Markovic (Bosnia and Herzegovina). The Parliamentary Assembly rejected the report by Walter and adopted the report by Markovic.

Since November 2015, the European Armenian Federation for Justice and Democracy (EAFJD) had carried out extensive work in 20 Member States of the Council of Europe, elaborating on the essence of the reports and exposing their biased character.

The European Armenian Federation was also in Strasbourg and closely followed the vote.

Both draft resolutions evidently lacked thorough, impartial research, selectively left out crucial facts and in general cause harm to the negotiation process of the NagornoKarabakh conflict. The OSCE Minsk Group had previously issued statements, the latest one being a joined press release, urging PACE not to undermine the negotiation process.

The rejected draft report by Robert Walter was evidently a word-for-word reflection of the official Azerbaijani and Turkish stance on

the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. In her report, Milica Markovic, who never visited the reservoir, used this humanitarian issue as a pretext in order to make highly biased statements on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in general. A brief comparison of the draft resolution and of the technical report, which should be the basis of the draft resolution, makes it clear that Ms. Markovic deliberately exaggerated the consequences of potential danger. On the other hand, she left important facts, stated in the technical report, out of the draft resolution, since this information did not fit in with her biased intentions.

EAFJD President Kaspar Karampetian said: Today the Council of Europe rejected the highly biased and inflammatory report by Robert Walter. Thus, the results of today s vote can be generally considered positive.

The current Azerbaijani Government and Mr. Walter did not succeed in their efforts of using the Council of Europe as an instrument for anti-Armenian war-rhetoric. It was encouraging to see the level of support and mobilization.

Unfortunately, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe adopted the rather partial report by Milica Markovic on the Sarsang reservoir. It is clear that since the beginning Ms. Markovic intended to use this humanitarian issue in order to draft a report reflecting the Azerbaijani perspective on the

PACE during a regular session

Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, stressed Karampetian.

Now the task of the Armenian diplomacy should be raising awareness on the environmental and human rights problems of the Armenian citizens in bordering areas, facing similar problems, caused by Azerbaijan

concluded the President of EAFJD. Meanwhile, reported that Armenian member of Turkish Parliament, Markar Esayan from the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), who is known for supporting the Turkish governmental positions, voted in favor of Robert Walter s anti-Armenian report.

ARMENIA

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25

Armenia: Stepping Gingerly Around Russia-Turkey Feud

by Gayane Abrahamyan (Eurasienet)- Policymakers in Armenia are wary of the risks of the country getting caught up in deepening Russian-Turkish rancor. But some observers see opportunity for Armenia to advance its interests amid the geopolitical falling out.

Russian-Turkish relations have rapidly deteriorated since Turkish jets downed a Russian Su-24M fighter in late November.

The spat has broad ramifications for Armenia: deep feelings of distrust and hostility mark Yerevan s own relationship with Turkey, which borders Armenia to the west. Meanwhile, Armenia has traditionally seen Russia as the nation s protector and strategic ally.

Speculation about Armenia potentially becoming drawn into the Russian-Turkish feud often touches on the Russian military base at the Armenian town of Gyumri. The facility sits less than 10 kilometers from the Turkish border.

While former Armenian Defense Minister Vagharshak Harutiunian (1999-2000) doubts that the existing rancor will spark armed conflict between Russia and Turkey, he predicted that it will have a significant impact on the entire region of the South Caucasus, where Moscow s and Ankara s interests cross.

The rising temperature in Russian-Turkish relations in particular could alter the dynamics of the long-stalemated Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Karabakh could provide Turkey with an opening to exert pressure on Russia, said Harutiunian, who served as defense minister after the signing of a Karabakh ceasefire agreement in 1994.

Turkey is likely to open another front against Russia by using Azerbaijan to destabilize the situation on the frontline of the Karabakh conflict the current buildup of tensions, clashes and sabotage attempts demonstrates that it is already happening, Harutiunian said.

Over the past three years, ceasefire violations have skyrocketed to their highest level since full-scale fighting ended in 1994.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan (both in center) visit the Russian 102nd military base near Gyumri, Armenia, in early December 2013

Armenia s Defense Ministry reports that 41 Armenian soldiers died on the frontline in 2015; eight in the weeks immediately following Turkey s downing of the Russian jet. Armenian defense officials claim that Azerbaijan used heavy tanks in early December 2015 for the first time since the ceasefire; such actions, they say, mean the effective end of the ceasefire agreement.

Harutiunian noted that even before the downing of Russia s Su-24M, two Turkish military helicopters in early October violated Armenian airspace, over a section of the Armenian-Turkish border guarded by Russian troops. This was a demonstration of their power to the Russians, although in our territory, he said. Turkey attributed the incident to bad weather, the Hraparak newspaper reported.

Harutiunian and other observers want Armenia to remain aloof from the RussiaTurkey spat so as not to become an involved party in this confrontation.

But Russia could pull some political levers

that would make it much more difficult than at present for Armenia to stay on the sidelines.

For example, there is talk in Russian political circles about Moscow possibly renouncing the 1921 Treaty of Kars and Treaty of Moscow with Turkey. Those agreements gave Turkey eastern territories that were historically considered Armenian and/or populated by ethnic Armenians, including the cities of Kars and Ardahan, as well as Mount Ararat, the national symbol for Armenia.

Though modern-day Russia no longer has sovereignty over Armenia, Moscow s renunciation of the pacts could send a powerful signal, some believe. It cannot be ruled out that the Treaties of Kars and Moscow might get annulled and, as a consequence, Turkey might lose [its unchallenged claim to] up to 30 percent of its lands, commented Stanislav Tarasov, director of the Moscow-based Near East-Caucasus Research Center, a nongovernmental organization.

Other controversial chapters of history could be brought to bear on the present-day

Iran, Armenia to Promote New Eurasian Transport Corridor Black Sea. The two leaders explored this and other opportunities for closer economic ties that have emerged with the recent lifting of international sanctions against Iran.

Beglarian said that in an effort to make the would-be Eurasian corridor more attractive the Armenian government will step up this year the ongoing reconstruction of Armenia s main highways stretching more than 550 kilometers to Georgia and Iran. The government will specifically try to accelerate highway upgrades in the southeastern Syunik province bordering Iran, he said.

If we start that work from Agarak (a Syunik town on the Armenian-Iranian border) this year, they will realize that our alternative transit route is better, explained the minister.

Iranian Roads and Urban Development Minister Abbas Akhoundi (R) and Armenian Transport The government already borrowed last Minister Gagik Beglarian at a news conference in Tehran, 20Jan2016. year $150 million from the Kazakhstan-based (RFE/RL)- Armenia and Iran will strive to [of such shipments,] he went on. According Eurasian Development Bank (EDB) to rebuild create a new transport corridor that would to our rough calculations, the cost of this a 20-kilometer road currently going through connect India to Europe via their territories, transit route should be lower than other routes a mountain pass close to Agarak. Most of that Armenian Transport and Communications offered to Iran, which, as you know, would money is due to be spent on the construction Minister Gagik Beglarian revealed at the end pass through Turkey and Azerbaijan. of a 4-kilometer tunnel there.

The tortuous Kajaran pass is situated Beglarian met with Iran s First Viceof January.

Beglarian told RFE/RL s Armenian service President Eshaq Jahangiri, Roads and Urban over 3,000 meters above the sea level and is that he reached relevant understandings with Development Minister Abbas Akhoundi and frequently closed to traffic in winter months senior Iranian government officials during a Communications and Information Technology because of snowstorms and ice.

In Beglarian s words, upgrading the visit to Tehran last week. The Armenian and Minister Mahmoud Vaezi during the January Iranian governments will work together in 20-21 trip to Tehran. According to Beglarian s Agarak-Kajaran section alone would facilitating cargo shipments between Europe press service, he discussed with Akhoundi significantly shorten travel from the Iranian and India that would be carried out through the creation of a Persian Gulf-Black Sea border to Yeraskh, a railway station about 50 kilometers southeast of Yerevan. Under to the the Persian Gulf, Iran, Armenia, Georgia and corridor.

Iran s President Hassan Rouhani was ambitious transit project discussed with Tehran, the Black Sea, he said.

We agreed to ship two [sample] reported to say, in a January 24 phone call he said, goods from India and Iran would be containers from [the Indian port of] Mumbai with his Armenian counterpart Serzh Sarkisian, transported to Yeraskh by trucks and then to the Black Sea and on to Europe via the that the two neighboring states should spare shipped to the Georgian Black Sea port of Persian Gulf and Iran and ascertain the price no effort in connecting the Persian Gulf to the Poti by rail.

dispute. The Fair Russia faction submitted to the Russian parliament a draft bill on criminalizing the denial of genocide in the Ottoman Empire s 1915-1918 massacre and deportation of hundreds of thousands of ethnic Armenians from modern-day Turkey. The bill has not yet been scheduled for a vote.

On social media platforms, such as Facebook, Armenian civil activists and users have expressed frustration about Russians attempting to co-opt such sensitive issues as weapons in their own battle with Turkey. But some Armenian experts see potential benefits for Yerevan.

Russian politicians trumpeting Armenian issues fits into the logic of realpolitik and we have to take advantage of it, said Vardan Voskanian, an expert in Eastern Studies at Yerevan State University.

Voskanian believes that Armenia now should push its own demands and set the bar for Russia as high as possible, namely, by recognizing the independence of NagornoKarabakh from Azerbaijan, criminalizing genocide denial, and supplying the Armenian military with latest-generation weapons.

Today it has become crystal clear who Russia s strategic partner is in the region, he elaborated. The Russians have finally realized that the billions of US dollars worth of [Russian] arms sold to Azerbaijan as purely business can one day destroy their own aircraft Russia, along with the United States and France, ostensibly oversees the moribund Karabakh peace process. The Kremlin has not expressed any official interest in recognizing the disputed territory as an independent entity. But there is a precedent for such recognition. Following Russia s 2008 war with Georgia, the Kremlin recognized the independence of two breakaway Georgian entities South Ossetia and Abkhazia.

Political analyst Stepan Grigorian, head of Yerevan s Analytical Center for Globalization and Regional Cooperation, believes Armenia could use the tensions between Moscow and Ankara to secure Russian recognition of Karabakh s independence, but cautions that Armenia should not be drawn into any proxy war between Turkey and Russia.

We have to be extremely cautious under the current circumstances and not get involved, he said. This is not our fight.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan (both in center) visit the Russian 102nd military base near Gyumri, Armenia, in early December 2013. The Russian base is less than 10 kilometers from the Turkish border.

(Photo: Russian Presidential Press Service

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26

ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

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1915-2015 History Repeating Itself

By Raffi Bedrosyan One hundred years ago the Ottoman government leaders were paranoid that Armenians' demand for reform, improved legislation, civil rights, protection of life and property in historic Armenian provinces would lead to Armenian independence and breakup of the state. Their response to eliminate the Armenian problem was to attempt eliminating the Armenians themselves. The civilian population of the minority Armenians that disappeared from the state was about 10 percent of the state population.

One hundred years later, the Turkish government leaders are paranoid that the demands of another minority population, for education in their own language, self rule and local autonomy would lead to independence and breakup of the state. Their response to the Kurdish demands is almost similar, but not quite. It is not easy to eliminate the Kurdish problem by eliminating the Kurds, as they make up a third of the state population, as well as forming the majority of the population in the eastern and southeastern provinces.

So, the government employs tactics to break the will of the Kurdish general population and by 'cleansing the area from Kurdish militants' by isolating them town by town, street by street, house by house. The result is a huge suffering and loss of the civilian population.

There is ongoing curfew imposed in seven southeastern provinces for the past several weeks. The electricity, water and essential services are cut off. Schools are closed and Turkish teachers are removed from the area before the 'Cleansing operations' by police and army forces start. There are only one or two bakeries allowed to open but people get shot when they venture out of their homes to get bread. Police and troops shoot anyone they see in the streets. Civilian losses are in the hundreds if not thousands - mainly children, elderly and women. The state and the state controlled media do not report these civilian killings, or if they do, they merely report them as 'killed terrorists'. Actually, the government

uses the rather cryptic term of 'terrorists made ineffective' for these killings. There are five month old babies, pregnant women and 80 year old elderly civilians indiscriminately shot as terrorists. Bodies of civilians shot in the streets lie there for several days as it is impossible to remove them under barrage of gunfire from the police and army troops. Bodies of people shot in their own houses cannot be removed for burial as the family cannot go out, and dead bodies are kept in freezers hooked to generators or wrapped in nylon bags. The morgues at the hospitals are so full that hospital kitchen freezers are used to store dead bodies, with stench spreading all over the building. Wounded people just wait to die wherever they are shot, in the street or at their house, as ambulances are not allowed to come into the neighbourhood.

One of the worst areas of suffering is the historic central municipality of Sur in Diyarbakir, where the recently reconstructed Armenian Surp Giragos Church is located. This municipality is recognized as a cultural heritage site, with many historic buildings, churches and mosques. It is now mostly in ruins. Most of the buildings in Sur are destroyed by rockets and cannonfire from army tanks. The Surp Giragos Church has escaped relatively unscathed so far, with only broken windows and some bullet holes. But the Armenian Catholic Church has its doors broken down and some internal damage. The most important mosque in Sur, historic Kursunlu Mosque, which was originally the St Theodoros or Toros Armenian Church converted to a mosque in the 16th century, is completely burnt out. The population of Sur has gone down from 24000 to only 2000 in the past month. None of the shops and restaurants are open in the lively, bustling centre of Diyarbakir, now completely deserted. Several shops which were recently returned to the ownership of Surp Giragos Church after successful negotiations and court cases, are now shuttered, with loss of revenue to the church. Ironically, the government has just announced that most of the bullet-ridden and

The border of Turkey and Armenia

burnt historic buildings of Sur will be expropriated and demolished, to be replaced by modern housing to be constructed by the government urban renewal agency.

Besides the Surp Giragos Church connection, why are these events critical to the Armenians?

Firstly, there are untold numbers of hidden Armenians among the suffering Kurdish civilian population in these eastern and southeastern provinces. Whatever hell their grandparents went through hundred years ago, these hidden Islamized Armenians are suffering the same fate now. The ones who 'came out' and revealed their Armenian identities recently, are perhaps suffering even more.

Secondly, the hatred toward Armenians among the Turkish population, and especially in the Turkish security forces has come out in the open during these blockades and attacks on the Kurdish population. The brainwashing, discrimination and hatred against Armenians in the media, in the education system and in government circles are apparent in announcements from Turkish police loudspeakers when they taunt the Kurdish public and the militants: 'You are all Armenians,

you are all Armenian bastards', or 'You will all die, seeds of Armenians'...

Thirdly, and more ominously, the possibility of a proxy war between Armenia and Azerbaijan is increasing greatly, linked to these events. The war on Kurds in Turkey is connected to preventing Kurdish moves for autonomy in Syria and Iraq. Increasing evidence of connections, cooperation or at a minimum complicity between Turkey and ISIS has resulted in increasingly dangerous steps being taken by the Turkish leaders to cover up the evidence. Journalists who uncovered evidence of arms flowing from Turkey to ISIS are now jailed or even killed. Russian, Norwegian and international evidence of oil flowing from ISIS to Turkey has resulted in a downed Russian jet. One of the retaliatory moves by Russia was installation of the most advanced antiaircraft weaponry in Armenia, with instructions to shoot down any Turkish jet that crosses the Turkish-Armenian border.

Potential for war involving any or all of Russia, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Azerbaijan and Armenia keeps increasing as we come to the end of the Centenary year of the Armenian Genocide.

Russian Church Reassures Armenians Over Genocide Recognition statement to the Armenian media released by Kirill s spokesman, Rev. Aleksandr Volkov.

Volkov insisted that the Patriarch alluded to only some periods of Ottoman history that saw relative security and stability in the lives of religious minorities. The absence of such order -- both in the Ottoman Empire 100 years ago and in contemporary Iraq, Syria and Libya -- always leads to tragic events, he said.

The position of our Church on the

Armenian genocide has been repeatedly and clearly expressed in numerous statements and messages of the Patriarch, added Volkov.

He pointed out that high-level Russian Orthodox clerics took part in last year s events in Armenia that marked the centennial of the Armenian genocide.

Kirill prayed and laid flowers at the Armenian genocide memorial in Yerevan when he visited Armenia in 2010.

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the Middle East in a weekend interview with Russian state television. In a clear reference to atrocities committed by Islamist militants, he said Christians in the region are being subjected to genocide.

Nothing similar to the current events had ever happened in the Islamic world, Kirill said, adding: Take, for example, the Turkish, Ottoman Empire. Yes, there were Christian minorities there but they were not exterminated.

The remarks angered many Armenian social media users before being similarly condemned by some political figures. Giro Manoyan of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaktsutyun), a major party that has traditionally been sympathetic to Russia, called them unacceptable.

Obviously, Christians were not constantly massacred throughout the existence of the Patriarch Kirill Ottoman Empire, Manoyan told RFE/RL s Tatevik Lazarian Armenian service (Azatutyun.am). But failing to see that there were massacres, genocides (RFE/RL)- Responding to an uproar in targeting Armenians, Greeks, Assyrians and Armenia, the Russian Orthodox Church other minorities is tantamount to distorting clarified that its supreme head, Patriarch Kirill, history. did not deny the 1915 Armenian genocide Manoyan urged Armenia s government when he praised the Ottoman Empire s and the Armenian Apostolic Church to officially treatment of its Christian minorities. react to Kirill s statement.

A spokesman for Kirill said that the '3f '3fRev. Vahram Melikian, the influential church continues to believe that the spokesman for the church, said the World War One-era slaughter of some 1.5 Echmiadzin-based office of Catholicos Garegin million Armenians constituted genocide. II expects an explanation from the Russian The Kremlin-backed Patriarch raised Church and has already contacted the Moscow eyebrows in Armenia when he discussed the Patriarchate for that purpose. plight of shrinking Christian communities in Melikian publicized later in the day a

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LITERATURE

27

The Hundred-Year Walk: An Armenian Odyssey Will we return the favor? It s easy to see how Miskjian s story parallels the refugee crisis literally on our doorstep. Hundreds of thousands of innocent people being persecuted for their faith, for their differences, in constant fear and helplessness.

Dawn MacKeen is an award-winning investigative journalist who devoted eight years to her grandfather s story. Previously she was a staff writer at Salon, Newsday, and Smart Money. Her work has appeared in the New York Times Magazine, Elle, the Los Angeles Times, and elsewhere.

The following are excerpts from a Q&A with Dawn MacKeen.

The Hundred Year Walk: An Armenian Odyssey is the story of one man who miraculously survived the genocide, brought to the page by his incredibly talented, fearless granddaughter, an investigative journalist with an enormous heart and incomparable intuition who learned as much about herself as she did about the horrific events that occurred one hundred years ago, and are, in a way, repeating today.

Dawn Anahid MacKeen had been hearing it from her mother for years. Tell your grandfather s story. It s in his journals. It was only when, exhausted from her fast-paced life as a journalist in New York City, she moved home to Los Angeles that she realized the enormity of that request, and how imperative it was that she answer the call. But she couldn t read Armenian! And besides, there wasn t enough information to write a whole book.

Then slowly, with the help of her mother and her tight-knit Armenian community of friends and neighbors, Stepan Miskjian s journals were translated. MacKeen had in her hands a precious and rare first-hand account of the 20th century s first holocaust.

The more MacKeen delved into her family s past, the stronger her need became to go there. I needed to taste his thirst, touch the land where he walked. See the green hills surrounding his Adabazar, where his dreams of becoming the town s first courier had taken root, before they withered and died in the desert. In 2007, MacKeen hired a translator and went by herself to Syria and Turkey, in search of what? Answers? To feel her grandfather s presence? More survivors?

Clues as to why these events took place?

And so The Hundred-Year Walk: An Armenian Odyssey is part memoir, part reportage, with the story jumping from Stepan Miskjian s to Dawn MacKeen s, as she sought to retrace her grandfather s march. Along the way, MacKeen meets the family of an Arab sheikh who saved her grandfather s life. After fleeing from the massacre site, her grandfather, desperate for refuge, sought out a sheikh he had heard was kind. He disguised himself, changing his shredded clothes into local dress, and wrapping a headscarf around his hair to blend in with the locals. When Miskjian finally met the powerful sheikh, he was welcomed into his home, cleansed, fed, and given work.

He became like a son to the sheikh, even though he was from a different faith.

When MacKeen finally found the family, one member told her afterward, When we first heard you were looking for us, we thought you were in need like your grandfather. We were going to take you in. It was their tradition, he explained, to take in people in crisis. The sheikh and his descendants are the true face of the Syrian people, MacKeen says. It s Aylan [Kurdi, the three-year-old Syrian Kurdish boy who drowned in the Mediterranean sea], it s my translator from Raqqa, not the men with masks, waving black flags, bent on division and hate.

crisis, as families are being separated from one another due to the war and mass exodus.

I scoured libraries in five countries, and Googled a lot! I found one family in Canada, one in Virginia and another in the Seattle area.

But one of my biggest finds was the writings of one man who survived the same massacre as my grandfather. After years of research, I finally found his account in Armenia and Romania, where he d moved following the war. The articles were published in 1924 and 1940. When I found this, I cried. I just knew that if I looked long enough, I d find it. He described the same massacre as as my grandfather, and dated it within a day of my grandfather s account. It s moments like this Why did you feel compelled to write that I am dumbfounded that these atrocities this book? are still denied. The eyewitnesses may be Ever since I can remember, my mother gone, but they left a paper trail. has been telling me about what happened to her father. Still, the story was relayed in Why did you write about your fragments, and I couldn t grasp how experience in the book? extraordinary it was until I could finally read I didn t set out to do this. I just wanted to it for myself as an adult. (This was thanks to see the land that my grandfather walked, a relative who translated his account, which which is now modern-day Turkey and Syria. was published in the sixties by a small press, The harsh terrain was also a prison for my from Armenian into English.) After reading it, grandfather and the other Armenians, and I I couldn t believe that he survived, and the believed I needed to see it in order to write ripple effect that my entire family was alive. accurately about it. But then, unexpectedly, I My grandfather Stepan believed he lived in found the descendants of the Arab sheikh order to tell the world what happened, and who saved my grandfather s life in Syria. I shared his ordeal with my mother throughout wanted to find this man s family but didn t think her childhood. She then passed it onto me. I would. When I did, I realized that I became This is our family s heirloom. Other people part of the story. The sheikh was Muslim and inherit fine china. I inherited this story, along accepted my Christian grandfather for who with it the responsibility of retelling it. he was, regardless of his ethnicity or religion, and treated him like a son. The sheikh s How did you discover more of his descendants welcomed me in the same journals? manner, like a long lost daughter, with some I had just moved back to Los Angeles three hundred people greeting me at my arrival from New York and was quickly finding out to the village. They were as beautiful as the how difficult it was to report on this subject. I sheikh. Finding them was one of the had the journals from the small press, but transcendental moments of my life. There I they only told part of the story. Of course, this was, half way around the world, and I found is a genocide and most people didn t survive, the clan that was my grandfather s extended and even if they did, it s a century later. Almost family. everyone involved was long gone. Suddenly, I think in this pitched climate of religious I was living at home at age 35, and feeling enmity, of Muslims versus Christians, the like a complete loser. My mother and I had a message of the sheikh is a powerful one. Just huge fight about me quitting. She didn t want one person s act of kindness can transform a me to stop. Just to be flippant and to state the family for generations. impossible, I blurted out: I cannot help you unless you raise your father from the dead, The town of Raqqa is written about in and have him tell me what happened to him. your book. Is this the same Raqqa that s Two days later, my mother found two of his now headquarters for the Islamic State? notebooks. After that, my uncle searched his Yes. Ironically, Raqqa was an incredible garage and unearthed two more. After finding place for me. I visited twice before the war, those, I felt almost as if I had a mandate to first during the retracing of my grandfather s complete this project. steps, and then two years later. I was welcomed unequivocally. I even stayed How did you fill in the blanks from overnight at a local tribal leader s house, who your grandfather s journals? hosted a dinner party for me on the Euphrates The book is really a tapestry of many River, with musicians serenading our table experiences. While my grandfather s story is under the stars, the long table laden with food, the main arc, I reconstructed the world around with conversation with people of different him through thousands of pages of research faiths. Clearly the town has changed: Now it s documents. Luckily, my grandfather was the international symbol of hate and extremely detail-oriented and had an elephant- intolerance. like memory, and wrote down the names of During the genocide, Raqqa was one of the villages he was pushed through on his the few safe havens for Armenians, and after death march, and the full names of people he the genocide, many settled there, building encountered. Most of the people were from churches and schools, and growing close with his town of Adabazar (now called Adapazari), the local population. While it was a poor town, which is not surprising. Many of the deportees the people were extremely friendly and proud grouped together by hometown in the camps. of what they had and were unified, regardless The caravans were also often emptied of religion. Later, I read that ISIS turned the slaughtered by calling out the names of the Armenian church into a recruitment center for towns. jihadists. And in nearby Deir Zor, fighters blew I felt like an amateur detective, looking up the memorial to the Armenian genocide for any information about these people. I went victims, which I visited twice, and wrote about through oral histories, and every single memoir in the book. that I could find written by his fellow villagers.

Many of the people I spoke with in this I searched newspaper articles from the time area knew about the tragic history of the period, almanacs, immigration records, and Armenians. Not ever imagining that in just a compatriot books that survivors wrote. I few short years many would be facing their advertised in Armenian newspapers much own survival as the area descended into war. like Armenians did after the genocide, as they tried to locate lost family members. The same What was being in Turkey like? search is happening today, with the refugee I was very nervous going there, after

Dawn Anahid Mackeen

growing up with stories of knife-wielding Turks.

In 2007, just before I visited, a prominent Turkish-Armenian journalist was assassinated for speaking out about the genocide, and the government was prosecuting those who took up the issue. But I experienced real kindness from many people. And while I was infuriated by conversations with people who denied it happened, I had to remind myself that there are many good people who have been been taught a warped history. This is a statesponsored denial. Children learn in their history books that the Armenians were the agitators, that they had sided with the enemy during a time of war, and their deaths were a consequence of that. It doesn t mean that these individuals are bad people, which I think is a frequent assumption. The Turks today aren t the ones who perpetrated the genocide.

For many of the people, it s about education.

We need to educate the future generations of Turks about what happened in a way that acknowledges the atrocities and allows the healing to begin. Of course, individuals also bear responsibility in this information age to educate themselves and question the history that they ve been spoon-fed.

Why does it matter that Turkey still denies this?

History keeps repeating itself. We are seeing nearly identical images of persecution coming from the area where my grandfather suffered a century earlier. We are seeing the death convoys, the violation of women, the mass executions. It s important to learn more about the forces that cause a genocide, and how to prevent it from happening again. After it happens, accountability is crucial.

Perpetrators need to be adjudicated in criminal courts. For the Armenians, this has never really happened. On top of that, the modern state of Turkey campaigns against recognition.

The Armenians can t heal until their suffering has been acknowledged. Every time someone says it didn t happen, the trauma is reopened.

I think Pope Francis described it best when he said recently on the 100th anniversary of the killings, Concealing or denying evil is like allowing a wound to keep bleeding without bandaging it.

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سÑáõ³Ý ù³é³ëáõÝùÇ Ñ᷻ѳݷëï»³Ý ³ñ³ñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ ï»ÕÇ åÇïÇ áõÝ»Ý³Û ö»ïñáõ³ñ 14ÇÝ, ³é³õûï»³Ý Å³ÙÁ 10:00ÇÝ ê. ²ëïáõ³Í³ÍÇÝ Ð³Ûó. ²é³ù. »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ Ù¿ç:

ê·³ÏÇñÝ»ñª ºñ»ù ¹áõëïñ»ñÁ, ùáñÁ »õ ѳñ³½ïÝ»ñÁ ÁÝï³Ý»ûù:

Armineh Keshishian Karine Hovsepian Ruby and her family; Rouben (spouse), Andre and Lara (children) Adrineh Bennett and her family; Ryan (spouse), Jake and Mila (children) His sister; Jayran Martin and his nephews Alex and Haig Kiil.

Meline s Garden...

cont. from page 23

rise in Armenia and that now was the time to begin her project.

While one of Kevonian s goals is to have quinoa become a staple in the diets of the local population, she acknowledges that, right now, it may be too pricey. She notes it is just the first year of production, and by continuing to grow it locally and by cutting overhead costs, the price will soon become more accessible. She also has smaller packages available for those who prefer to sample it before committing to the larger amounts. In Armenia currently there is also an imported option from Italy, which is almost double the price of that offered through Meline s Garden.

Taline Kevonian sells to individuals,

distribution companies, as well as to shops and restaurants. Her packaging is through Zart Print, where a portion of the proceeds goes to creating job opportunities for disabled youth.

Although her farm plots specific to quinoa are already rapidly expanding, Kevonian will not stop there. She plans to also incorporate chia seeds and work with farmers in Gyumri to increase flax seed production so that shugas (markets) can sell local rather than only imported options.

While this keeps Kevonian very busy and involved in Armenia, she jokes that sometimes leaving Armenia is crucial so she can get a break from the chi gareli mentality , and return re-energized, focused, and with more determination.

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Ontario driver s test G1 ùÝÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ³ñ¹¿Ý ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ ³ñ³µ»ñ¿Ý É»½áõáí ï³Éª µáÉáñ Driver s test Ï»ñáÝÝ»ñ¿Ý Ý»ñë: лï»õ»ó¿ù Ý»ñù»õ ï»Õ³¹ñáõ³Í óáõóÙáõÝùÝ»ñáõÝ©

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TORONTO ARMENIANS

THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

31

unique function organized by The Armenian Gregory Armenian Catholic Church of Toronto keynote speaker.

9. P O M F I L M F E S T I VA L O F club, took place at the Armenian Community 2015 dedicated to Doctor of the Universal TORONTO: This year s Pomegranate Film Centre (ACC) on September 27th, 2015 in Church, Mystical philosopher and theologian Festival (POM) was dedicated to the memory of the victims of the Armenian as declared by Pope Francis. The Keynote Centennial of the Armenian Genocide. POM Genocide. There were over 100 participants speaker and presenter was Rev. Father Andon was established in 2006 by the Hamaskayin Armenian Educational and Cultural Society to the tournament both Armenians and non Atamian from Boston, USA 8. WORLD TEACHERS DAY: On with a group of young Armenian professionals, Armenian players, including one grand master and Canadian championship participants. The October 30th, 2015 the World Teachers Day bound by passion for film and culture. was celebrated at the Holy Trinity Armenian Completing its 9th year, the week-long festival tournament was webcast live.

6. A RUN TO REMEMBER: The Church M. Artinian Hall. The event was which ran from November 16th-22nd, 2015 is Armenian General Sport Union (HMEM) organized by the Armenian Certified Teachers a unique community event celebrating participates in the SCOTIA BANK TORONTO Association of Ontario (ACTAO). During the Armenian inspired films. This year s selected WATERFRONT MARATHON every year. This event, our Armenian Genocide Scholars Dr. films and documentaries were those inspired year the Armenian participants ran and walked Isabel Kaprielian-Churchill, Dr. Alan Whitehorn, by the Armenian Genocide.

10. ARMENIAN HERITAGE DAY: A in memory of the victims of the Armenian Dr. Lorne Shirinian and Mr. George Shirinian Genocide. On October 18th, 2015 at 6:30 in were Honoured for their dedicated Genocide celebration organized by Armenian Relief Society Rubina Chapter of Toronto (HOM). the morning the buses left the Armenian scholarly works.

A special presentation commemorating The event was dedicated to the Centennial of Community Centre to the Waterfront Marathon Site; over 300 Members of the community the educators who perished during the the Armenian Genocide, and the celebrated took part in this year s event the largest Armenian Genocide was made by young the art and culture of 10 provinces and cities contingent of any communities participating members of ACTAO. Mr. Mher Karakashian, of Western Armenia. The event was held on Chairman of the Armenian Genocide December 5th, 2015 at the Armenian in the Marathon.

7. ST. GREGORY NAREGATSI: St. Centennial Committee of Canada, was the Community Centre.

cont. from page 19 General Sports Union (HMEM) and the chess organized a cultural evening on October 25th,

commemorate the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide, which took place on June 28th, 2015 and presented Armenian popular songs and classics through the century.

3. THE SILENT HEROES OF THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE: On September 12th, 2015 there was a special lecture/presentation

by Mr. Zaven Khanjian, Executive director of AMAA, on the subject of Intellectual victims of the Armenian Genocide, and its effect on the Armenian Nation. The event was organized by the Armenian Evangelical Church of Toronto.

4. T H E L I F E O F A R M E N I A N COMMUNITIES IN RUSSIA: GEORGIA AND ABKHAZIA: a lecture by Very Reverent Dr. Levon Levonian, who presented the Life of our Armenian Communities in Russia, Georgia and Abkhazia. The function was organized by the Armenian Evangelical Church of Toronto.

5. CHESS TO REMEMBER: This

öºîðàô²ð 2016 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 124

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