İzmmr, Thursday, 2021
Newspaper Supplement
No:8
Dynamism
Movement
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CUBISM
CIAM CIAM CIAM CIAM
CUBISM
ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY Selected Issues Of The 20th Century AR222 Arcggtecture HHstory and Theory III / 2020-2021 Sprrng Assoc.Prof.Dr Ülkü İnceköse, Res.Ass.Merve Kılıç SSmay Karağaç 230302012C
SSnem Ermmş 230302008C
TTlbe Kurt 230302026C
Arts and Crafts Movements
Vienne School
It s an art-based formatton that ssgnnffcantly nfluences the perrod t s n n the ntellectual context. The current VVenne Secessson has also shown to have a ddrect effect. Thhs formatton establlshes a relattonshhp wwth the maan doctrrne brought by rattonallty. It emphasszes the ddsccpllne and expressson of nature tself. Emphasss s placed on the ntegrrty of abstractton and structural ffctton.
William Morris Arts and Crafts Movements s a hegemony agaanst mechannzatton and ndustrrallzatton. Thhs hegemony functtons as a central element that reveals the problems created by the ndustry n the ccty. WWth thhs movement, WWlllam Morrrs emphasszes hhs bellef n the traddtton of produccng by hand, just as John Ruskkn ddd earller, and that archhtecture should be formed wwth t. Thhs movement aams at a productton model based on the master-apprenttce relattonshhp by learnnng ddrectly from the master of what s produced by hand. Thhnkkng that art should be for people and humannty, seeeng art as a soccal sccence ffeld, the arttst sees t as a soccal reformer. Arts and Crafts Movements performs art-based productton. Thhs movement s at the forefront wwth natural effects n carvvng, curvvllnear forms assoccated wwth nature n art, and handcraft features. There are materrals, traces of modernnzatton on the façade, façade organnzatton wwthout reference to the past, pure plaan forms, wwde roofs, abstract geometrres. These features bear the mportant ssgns of thhs current.
Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station
It s characterrzed as a per n wh ssmpllccty spaccousness n nte dessgn are gg mportan
It bears the traces of structural ddfferences such as openness and spaccousness n the perceptton of nterror space. Curvvllnear forms are enttrely abandoned. Of course, the most pponeerrng name of thhs movement s Oto Wagner. Apart from these, the school has ddrected many product dessgns. Some archhtects who dessgned the buulddng have even created the products to be ncluded n the buulddngs.
Broadleys, Cumbria, By C.F.A. Voysey, 1898 The use of natural materrals and the use of handmade, open plan organnzatton, and the preference of pptch roofs bear the essenttal features of thhs movement.
The most ssgnnffcant feature of thhs movement s that the productton s unnque, challenggng the productton brought by ndustrrallzatton and reveallng the value of art.
Nathan G. Moore House, 1895 (Frank LIoyd Wright)
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It ssmpllffes everythhng and abstracts geometrres. He buulds structural ntegrrty wwth ssmpllccty. It reveals the concept of open spaces n an extraorddnary way.
Otto Wagner
Adolf Loos
He s the essenttal prrnccple ffgure of modern archhtecture. He put forward a formatton that rejects all kknds of ornaments by sayyng that ornament s a crrme. That's why t advocates purrty and ssmpllccty wwth Purrtanncal Archhtecture. He defends the statement that archhtecture s not art because he does not ffnd art to be uttlltarran. But archhtectural productton s functtonal and therefore not art. He approaches structural ffctton llke an enggneer wwthout makkng any connectton wwth decoratton. For thhs reason, he has purrffed hhs buulddngs from ornaments and hhstorrcal traces. Theer structures conssst of pure and pure geometrres as never before. It s the preparatton of the modern archhtecture of the machhne age. At the same ttme, he helped spread the perceptton of purrtanncal archhtecture by beeng the eddtor of a magazzne.
rrod hhch and error gven nce.
Adolf Loos, who forms the foundattons of today's modern archhtecture, has transferred the uttlltarrannsm of archhtecture to the present day.
Müller House
The exxstence of the space n the buulddng was ggven mportance. Lookkng at the secttons, the rrchness of the floor relattons can be seen. It s one of the ffrst examples of modern archhtecture. It s a structure free from ornaments and arttsttc ffctton.
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Editors: SSmay Karağaç SSnem Ermmş TTlbe Kurt İzmmr, Thursday, 2021