Tidbits Grand Forks - October 27, 2016

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FREE! Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks October 27, 2016

Published by: Wick Publications

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TIDBITS® STEPS ON A

Mrs.

COCKROACH

by Janet Spencer

Surprisingly, there’s actually a lot to admire about the lowly cockroach. Come along with Tidbits as we step on them anyway.

A SUCCESS STORY

• In Spanish, “cuco” or “cuca” means caterpillar, and “acha” means “contemptible” which combine to form “cucaracha,” or cockroach.

According to the book “The Compleat Cockroach” by David Gordon, this widely reviled insect is one of the most successful species ever to walk the earth.

State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company 1301900 State Farm Indemnity Company, Bloomington, IL • Roaches first appeared on the scene some 340 million years ago, which was 180 million years before dinosaurs appeared; 200 million years Carpet Cleaning before flowers, seeds, nuts, and pollen showed Services, Inc. up on Earth; and some 338 million years before Homo erectus began walking around. ExCarpet Cleaning • Carpet Cleaning SPECIAL! cept for minor adaptations, their design has re• Upholstery

mained nearly unchanged throughout the eons. $159 Cleaning 5 Rooms, Hallway • There are about 3,500 species of cockroach, & 1 Stairway • Water though scientists are still discovering new Not valid with any other offer.

Extraction Expires 11-4-16 ones. About 50 types of roach are considered to be domestic pests. Of those 50, only five show up regularly in American homes, and all five of those are not native to the U.S. but 701-775-8500 were imported accidentally.

Residential & Commercial • Unlike flies and mosquitoes, cockroaches are We Fix iPad not known to spread disease.

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Quiz Bits 1.

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6. What were the names of the boys on the 1960s TV show “My Three Sons”?

Humans need an atmosphere 7. What is the only Northeastern with 10% oxygen. How much U.S. state that borders Canada oxygen do roaches need? but not the Atlantic Ocean or a How fast can roaches run?

Great Lake?

What movie featured the line, 8. Where did Lyndon B. Johnson “Hasta la vista, baby”? take the oath of office folWho was the first U.S. astrolowing President Kennedy’s naut to fly into space twice? assassination in 1963?

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The Spice of Life

• Warm climates and tropical countries are home to the most species of cockroach. Cold places have the least. Florida is the roach capital of the U.S. with 27 different species, and Texas comes in second with 15. Compare this to Costa Rica with over 150 kinds. Most of Canada is roachfree, with the exception of some large metropolitan areas. The states of Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming have no native species of roach.

• According to records kept by the makers of cockroach control products, people who live in Los Angeles buy the most insecticides, followed

by New York City, Houston, Miami, and Dallas.

Roaches live in volcanic steam vents of Alaska 2,000 feet underground, and in coal mines in England.

• In 1969 a worker preparing the Apollo XII command module Yankee Clipper for liftoff saw one inside the capsule. No one ever knew what became of the bug. It might have traveled all the way to the Moon.

• One of the largest roach species comes from Colombia and is just under 4 inches long. The heaviest comes from Australia and weighs about as much as an AA battery. One of the smallest species is about the size of half a peppercorn and it lives alongside social insects such as ants, bees, wasps, and termites, living off their food stores evidently in exchange for keeping the area clean.

THE HEADLESS WONDER

• The cockroach has a collection of nerve cells resembling a primitive brain in its head and also in its tail. The two nerve centers are connected Unique Clothing for and help the insect react quickly when disturbed.

Women & Children However, they are able to operate separately from Grand Cities Mall 20% OFF Innear each other. Because of this, cockroaches can live Hope Church Your Entire for weeks after being decapitated, eventually dy218-791-8866 Purchase with coupon • exp. 11-23-16 www.spiceoflife-nd.com ing of dehydration or starvation. ...continued “So NATURE’S Much More COUNTRY Than a Vitamin STORE Store”

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SPORTS QUIZ 1. When was the last time the Pittsburgh Pirates played in the World Series?

2. How many players have hit 200 or more home runs for the Chicago White Sox? 3. New England’s Tom Brady set a record in 2015 for most NFL victories by a quarterback with one franchise. Who had held the mark?

4. Through 2016, the Dallas Cowboys and Green Bay Packers have met 34 times over the years. Which team has won more games, and which team has scored more total points?

5. In 2015, golfer Bernhard Langer won the Jack Nicklaus Trophy as the PGA Tour Champions player of the year for a record fifth time. Two other players have won it three times. Name them.

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*Answer located further back in this issue.

COCKROACHES (continued):

• One scientist suspended cockroaches over a salt solution.

If a roach extended its leg it would get wet, which completed an electrical circuit, delivering a shock to the bug.

It took the cockroaches about half an hour to learn to keep their legs up to avoid the shock. The researcher then tried the experiment using decapitated cockroaches and found they were able to learn just as quickly.

• A test performed in 1957 showed that female roaches with access to water but no food could live 42 days before dying of starvation. Those given no food and no water lived two to three weeks.

Thus, they are ideally suited for travelling and can be shut up for long periods of time while being accidentally shipped from one area of the world to another, whether it’s in a soldier’s duffel bag, a ship full of timber, or a truckload of produce.

LOVE AND MARRIAGE

• To attract a mate, a female roach will flex her legs, lift her wings, and emit a chemical “perfume” called a pheromone that can be detected by a male roach up to 33 feet away. When the male approaches, the two seem to do a bit of fencing with their antennae.

• In the majority of roach species, mating encounters are casual and the female later drops her egg case in a safe location and abandons it. But the story is different with the brown-hooded wood cockroach, which inhabits the Atlantic coastline from New York to Georgia. They mate for life. Together the male and female chew into wood making a series of small chambers where they live with their family for the rest of their lives.

About a year after the male and female bond, their first offspring are born and both parents tend the young. Families usually consist of less than half a dozen youngsters. The families stick together for three or four years while the young mature.

Julia Roberts

10/28/1967

COCKROACH LANGUAGE

• Cockroaches are able to make noises in the same way crickets and katydids do, by rubbing body parts together. The sound is similar to running a finger over the teeth of a comb. They are also able to emit a squeak when captured which is loud enough to sometimes startle the predator into dropping them. The Madagascar hissing cockroach when disturbed expels air from its abdomen producing a noise that can be heard 12 feet away.

KILLING COCKROACHES

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*Answer located further back in this issue.

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• 400 rads of radiation can kill a human — but it takes 3,200 rads to kill a cockroach, and some can survive 10,000 rads. That means that some cockroaches survived Hiroshima. So how can you eradicate a roach? Through chemical warfare. One of the cheapest and most reliable methods of roach control is powdered boric acid. Boric acid is commonly used as an eyewash and is available at any drug store. It’s also called Borax and found in the laundry aisle of the supermarket. Roaches that walk through this will groom themselves, ingesting the powder which collects in their gut, eventually killing them.

• Spray a roach with Raid and a chemical dissolves the creature’s exoskeleton, a truly horrible way to die.

• The labs at the S. C. Johnson Corp. breed and raise around 80,000 roaches each week for the express purpose of finding new ways to kill them. The company manufactures insecticides such as Raid, so a full-time staff works to provide experimental victims.

• When a recipe for controlling roaches appeared in a “Hints from Heloise” article in 1982, the editors of the column were swamped with over 40,000 requests for copies.

• Roaches provide food for various animals that prey on roaches, supplying three times as much protein as chicken meat.

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Autumn is Here!

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• It was Emily Post, arbiter of courtesy and expert on etiquette, who made the following sage observation: "Manners are a sensitive awareness of the feelings of others. If you have that awareness, you have good manners, no matter what fork you use."

• If you're planning on moving to Florida, keep in mind that in that state, it's illegal for a housewife to break more than three dishes in one day.

• It's a popular stereotype: a rejected lover sitting on a barstool, drinking to try to forget the heartbreak. The problem is, drinking isn't really an effective way to go about acquiring amnesia, even temporarily. Those who study such things say that imbibing alcohol can actually help people recall events that occurred just before they started drinking.

• A defense lawyer in a Canadian murder-forhire case once argued that his client must be innocent -- because the defendant was useless.

The attorney commented, "No one would hire him to cut the grass. Why would someone hire him to kill someone?" Nice try, but no luck: The man was convicted.

• There doesn't seem to be a clear explanation of why flies fly faster when they're in the sun than when they're in the shade.

• Twilight is often defined as the period of time when day is ending and night is beginning -- a pretty vague definition. There are more precise versions, though: Civil twilight is the time when streetlights come on, nautical twilight occurs when the horizon disappears, and astronomical twilight is when the faintest stars become visible. *** Thought for the Day: "Science is built with facts as a house is with stones, but a collection of facts is no more a science than a heap of stones is a house." -- Jules Henri Poincare

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Amazing Animals:

• In other areas where glaciation did not scrape the soil away and kill off all worms, worms evolved along with the ecosystem. In these places they provide invaluable services: they “plow” the soil, loosening it and creating channels where tree roots can grow, where oxygen can flow, and where water can percolate. They mix nutrients in, making the soil more fertile. Worm poop, called “castings” has a higher level of nutrients than normal dirt.

• Aristotle called worms “the intestines of the earth.”

Even Cleopatra recognized the value of earthworms and declared them to be sacred.

THANKS FOR READING TIDBITS!

• Worms come to the surface during heavy rains because the damp earth facilitates movement and makes it easier to find a mate.

• A robin can eat up to 14 feet worth of worms in a day.

• The largest earthworm ever found was in South Africa and measured 22 feet long.

• The maximum lifespan of an earthworm in captivity is about six years.

• There are over 1 million earthworms in one acre of soil.

• They can burrow up to 15 feet below ground.

• Earthworms are 82% protein. T-bone steak is only 32% protein. Worms are high in omega-3 fats.

• Earthworms have no lungs. They breathe through their skin.

• Composting with worms occurs four times faster than normal composting.

• Charles Darwin, who studied earthworms extensively, said, “It may be doubted that there are many other animals which have played so important a part in the history of the world as have these lowly organized creatures.”

Answer

• Worms eat and digest duff, the slowly rotting top layer of dead leaves that the trees depend on, making nutrients harder for the tree to acquire. When the duff has been digested, all that remains is the hardened soil layer underneath which sapling tree roots cannot penetrate.

Insects and other small creatures whose lifecycles revolve around duff are stressed by the loss. Worm holes allow rainwater to flow away faster instead of retaining the moisture. In some places, oak forests were subsequently overrun by buckthorn and barberry due to the arrival of the worms and the loss of the duff.

Weekly SUDOKU

• In areas that were covered by glaciers during the last ice age, all worm life was eliminated. When the glaciers melted, the northern forests evolved in an ecosystem devoid of worms. When worms were introduced, either by well-meaning gardeners, as ballast in ships, or in root balls of imported plants, the ecological balance was thrown off.

• Every earthworm has a band that looks like a collar encircling its body. After the worm mates, the ring hardens, and the worm crawls out of it. As it is crawling through the ring, the worm deposits eggs and sperm inside the ring, which then falls off. The ends of the ring are sealed off and the ring turns into a cocoon for the developing worm babies which emerge, fully formed but very tiny, several weeks later.

Answer

• Worldwide, there are about 6,000 species of worms. Of those, 180 live in North America. A third of those are invasive species, including the popular night crawler.

• Worms are hermaphrodites, meaning they can be either male or females, yet they still need another worm to mate.

King CROSSWORD

WORMS

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King Features Weekly Service

© 2016 King Features Synd., Inc.

(Answers located after next page)

October 17, 2016

• “I am a senior on a budget, but I love to get presents for people. Throughout the year, I have a small weekly amount I set aside for ‘fun shopping,’ and I hit the clearance sections of department stores. I have found nice stationary items for less than a dollar and quality children’s clothes for two or three dollars for a whole outfit. I always buy the size I would be buying at the holidays or the child’s birthday, and I give large for less! Plus, it’s a great way to spend time, since I have a lot more of that than I have dollars.” — L.A. in Georgia • If you have ever had a tough time threading a needle, try this trick.

Spritz the end of the thread with a shot of hairspray. It makes the thread stiffer, and it goes right through with no fuss.

• “To make a soft pocket for cell phones or small tablets, get a couple of thin, square oven mitts at the dollar store. Sew three edges together and it’s ready! Slip electronics inside for safe passage in purses and briefcases.”

— R.Z. in Illinois • Make a big batch of soup and store a week’s worth for lunch in mason jars, which are easily stored in the fridge. Chicken noodle, tortilla, beef and vegetables, baked potato — the possibilities are endless, and so delicious.

• “Paint a colorful pattern on a fabric dropcloth to use as an impromptu covering for a dirty or stained concrete patio. You can paint concrete, too, with specially made paint, but it’s pretty easy to stash a dropcloth that will stay fresh and only come out when you have visitors.” — E.L. in Alabama Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, 628 Virginia Drive, Orlando, FL 32803.

• On Nov. 6, 1558, Thomas Kyd is baptized in London. Kyd created the "revenge play," which gave rise to tragedies like William Shakespeare's "Hamlet." Kyd's "The Spanish Tragedie," or "Hieronomo Is Mad Again," became the most popular play in England during its day.

• On Nov. 3, 1883, Black Bart makes his last stagecoach robbery. When guards spotted gun barrels sticking out of nearby bushes, they handed over their strong box. The "rifle barrels" turned out to be sticks tied to branches.

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• On Nov. 1, 1800, John Adams moves into White House in the final year of his only term as president. Although Adams was initially enthusiastic about the presidential mansion, he and Abigail soon found it to be cold and damp during the winter.

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• On Nov. 5, 1895, attorney George Selden wins U.S. Patent No. 549,160 for an "improved road engine" powered by a "liquid-hydrocarbon engine of the compression type." With that, as far as the government was concerned, George Selden had invented the car -- though he had never built a single one.

• On Nov. 2, 1912, the XIT Ranch of Texas, once among the largest ranches in the world, sells its last head of cattle. At its peak, the XIT, owned

by Chicago capitalists, had more than 160,000 head of cattle, employed 150 cowboys and encompassed nearly 3 million acres.

• On Oct. 31, 1926, Harry Houdini, the most celebrated magician and escape artist of the 20th century, dies of peritonitis in a Detroit hospital.

Twelve days earlier, Houdini had been punched twice in the stomach, rupturing his appendix.

• On Nov. 4, 1990, "Dances With Wolves," a film about a Civil War-era soldier and a group of Sioux Indians, premieres in Los Angeles. The film, starring Kevin Costner, was a surprise boxoffice success and earned 12 Academy Award nominations.

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LOTTERIES

GF Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

(Solution on Next Page)

• Augustus Caesar held the first known lottery, to raise funds to repair Rome.

• In 1851 in France, the French government needed money to sustain itself. Recent reports of gold strikes in California resulted in an idea. A national lottery was announced throughout France. Tickets sold for one franc each, and the prizes were solid gold ingots. The proceeds from this lottery were to be used to ship 5,000 fine French citizens to California in order to give them a new start in life.

The lottery was rigged so that the gold never left the royal treasury. And instead of shipping 5,000 of Frances's best citizenry, they instead loaded up the ships with prisoners, prostitutes, and thieves— anyone they most desired to get rid of.

• Claude Monet won the French lottery in 1891.

His winnings permitted him to devote himself painting. He became one of the most famous painters of the century.

• Lotteries in the U.S. date back to the 1600s. The new English colony of Jamestown was financed by a lottery in 1612. The first lottery sponsored

by Congress was approved in 1776. The Mountain Road Lottery was sponsored by George Washington to fund a road over the Allegheny Mountains. Yale, Harvard, Columbia, Dartmouth and the University of Pennsylvania all sponsored lotteries. The Continental Congress raised over $1 million in 1776 for the Revolutionary Army.

• Every major religion (except the Quakers) established lotteries at some time in the early 1800s. Over 300 schools and universities and hundreds of transportation projects were benefactors of early lotteries.

• After several scandals associated with lotteries took away the public's trust and led to national .COM prohibition of the games, Congress basically outlawed lotteries in 1894, and they weren't revived until New Hampshire held one in 1964.

LOTTERIES (cont'd):

DIFFERENCES: 1. Tassel is shorter. 2. Book title is missing. 3. Straw is missing.

4. Bedpost is missing. 5. TV remote is missing. 6. Picture is missing. © 2016 King Features Synd., All rights reserved.

• The biggest tip ever: Phyllis Penzo was a waitress at Sal's Pizzeria in Dobbs Ferry, New York. One night in while waiting on police deAnswer: Dell. tective Robert Cunningham, she was offered A VERY LARGE NUMBER her choice of either a meager tip, or half of •the Edward Kasner wasa alottery mathematician.

In 1938 winnings from ticket he had just he was asked to come up with a name for a bought. She choose the latter. The ticket was very large number: the numeral one, followed worth over $6 million, and Mr. Cunningham by a good hundred zeros. made on his offerHeforasked a tip.his two young nephews what name they would suggest.

• Upon learning that he had won the Illinois state •lottery Nine-year-old suggested name for about Milton $2.3 million, Harolda Collins out of the funnies. A cartoon strip character of Pekin, Illinois, gave all of his winnings to named Barney was very popular. Milton chose his formerlast wife. promised that he Barney’s nameHeforonce the number. would win her a million dollars. “Besides,” he • Kasner announced the new name for the big said, “I like to work. I like the way I live. I like number in his next book, altering the spelling. to watch sports on TV. My God, what could I •have Sixtypossibly years later, Page and Sergey BrinI doneLarry with almost $2.5 million? developed a new internet search engine.

Other don't need it.” search engines searched each webpage and • Joan Campaign of Australia wallet ranked them according to howfound manyatimes a containing $225 in 1978.onShe turned overand the specific term appeared them, but itPage police.

The owner her with a single Brin designed theirrewarded search engine to search for lottery ticket.term The ticket wasfind a winner andmany Joan the specific and then out how links up there led back to that ended withwere a car,that a boat, a trailer, and apage, mowhich resulted a better search engine. bile home, worthinan estimated $45,000.

They Herbert decidedChun theyof Australia needed awon name that • •When a lottery reflected how many websites the search prize of $70,000 he became so excited at the engine searching.

They took the name news thatwas he had a heart attack. of Edward Kasner’s very large number, only • Clarence Kinder itwas 77 when wonup $50,000 they misspelled slightly, so ithe ended being inspelled the West Virginia state lottery in 1987.

He exactly the same way the cartoon died of a heart attack the next day. character Barney spelled his last name. What’s it called? of page) • John Batt (Answer was out at of bottom the country and missed the one-yearCOMPUTER deadline for claiming FACTS his $50,000 winnings in the New Jersey Lot•lottery In 1981 Bill Gates said, “640 kb ofState memory tery by to a mere three for days. ought be enough anybody.”

• An inventor Richland, Washington, came • Moore’s Lawinstates that computer performance updoubles with aevery hand-held machine that generated 18 to 24 months, and ever since random numbers thattrue. people could use to play 1971, this has been the lottery.

He didn't make any guarantee about • HP, Google, Microsoft, and Apple were all whether orgarages. not the numbers would be winners. started in It just spared thefrom lottery players from having to Answer: Google, googol. think up their own numbers.

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