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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

April 16, 2015

Published by: Wick Publications

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Anytime. FAMOUS RETAILERS, PT.2 by Kathy Wolfe Anywhere. Any day... This week, Tidbits continues its examination of

Mrs.

the history of some famous retailers.

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• Missouri native James Cash Penney moved to the drier climate of Colorado on his doctor’s advice, as he was susceptible to tuberculosis. In 1898, he found work in a dry goods store called Golden Rule, and proved his worth in a short time. The owners asked Penney to partner with them in opening a new store in Kemmerer, Wyoming, and J.C. Penney opened the store in 1902. He bought out his partners in 1907, and in 1913, changed the chain to the J.C. Penney Company. Just four short years later, there were 175 Penney’s in 22 states.

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• J.C. Penney lost nearly all his personal wealth in the 1929 stock market crash, but borrowed against his life insurance policies to make payroll until he could recover the company. By 1941, there were 1,600 stores in all 48 states. Penney’s introduced their own credit card in 1959. At their peak in 1973, the company operated 2,053 stores. Today, that number is 1,107. The original “mother store” in Kemmerer is still in operation, and has been declared a National Historic Landmark.

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Quiz Bits 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. Which Everly Brothers song went to the top of the charts in 1957, despite having been banned on What U.S. city is home to the radio in Boston? headquarters of The Home Depot? 7. In what year did test pilot Chuck Where did Sears open its first permYeager break the sound barrier? anent retail store in a foreign land? 8. Who was the first U.S. president What company now owns to be born in a hospital? Bloomingdales? 9. What are the names of the 2 siblings who both had acting roles in What is the largest drug-retailing the movie “Sixteen Candles”? chain in the United States? What five-letter word contains TRIVIA five personal pronouns?

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RETAILERS, PT. TWO (continued):

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• Nordstrom’s started out as a small shoe store in Seattle, Washington, in 1901. John Nordstrom had emigrated to the United States from Sweden in 1887 at age 16, arriving with $5 in his pocket. Although he didn’t know a single word of English, he managed to work his way to Seattle. In 1897, he headed north to Alaska to search for gold. Two years later, Nordstrom returned to Seattle, $13,000 richer. He partnered up with a shoemaker he had met in the Klondike, and the pair opened Wallin & Nordstrom in 1901, with first day sales of $12.50. Within four years, annual sales had increased to $80,000. In 1923, they opened a second Seattle store. By 1929, both Wallin and Nordstrom had retired and sold their shares to Nordstrom’s sons. • By 1960, Seattle’s downtown Nordstrom’s shoe store was the largest shoe store in America, and there were eight locations in Washington and Oregon. In 1963, the company branched out into the women’s clothing business. Today, the fourth generation of the Nordstrom family heads up the company. From its humble beginnings of one small shoe store, Nordstrom’s operates 289 stores in 38 U.S. states and one in Canada, with annual sales exceeding $12 billion. • Kohl’s didn’t start out as a department store. The first Kohl’s was a Wisconsin supermarket, founded by Maxwell Kohl in 1946. In 1962, his chain was the largest of its kind in the Milwaukee area, and Kohl branched out, opening his first department store in Brookfield, Wisconsin, in 1962. It is now America’s largest department store chain, (having surpassed J.C. Penney in 2012), operating stores in 49 states.

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www.newvisiontruckaccessories.com RETAILERS, PT. TWO (continued): • Aaron Montgomery Ward launched the nation’s first mail order business with a catalog of 163 items in 1872, a full 16 years before the Sears catalog appeared. By 1904, Ward was mailing a 4-lb. catalog to three million customers. He started his business in the loft of a Chicago livery stable, with $1,600 he and two partners had saved. • Sears represented serious competition, and overtook Ward’s sales in 1900 with $10 million in sales compared to Ward’s $8.7 million. Sales had dramatically slipped by the 1960s and 1970s, and in 1985, after 113 years, the catalog division was closed. Today the Montgomery Ward brand is owned by Swiss Colony, Inc. • A Montgomery Ward’s staff copywriter was responsible for the creation of Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer. Each year at Christmas, the chain gave away children’s coloring books to customers. In 1939, they wanted something new, an original Christmas storybook. Copywriter Robert May was asked to come up with a story, and “Rudolph” was the result. Two million copies were given to Ward’s customers that year. It wasn’t until 10 years later that May’s brother-

in-law Johnny Marks set the story to music. In 1949, singing cowboy Gene Autry, made it the second most popular Christmas song in history, second only to “White Christmas.” • Barney Pressman opened his first store in Manhattan with $500 he received from pawning his wife’s engagement ring. The Pressman family retained a small percentage of the luxury store Barney’s until 2004, when, $500 million in debt, they sold out to a Dubai-based company.

Service Credit Union Now Open on Grand Forks Air Force Base Military members, veterans and their families can take advantage of Grand Forks Specials. • Get $250 or more in New Member Specials* • Auto loan rates as low as 1.39% APR** • Special military programs ©2015 King Features Synd., Inc. All rights reserved

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SPORTS QUIZ 1. Which was the last NBA team before the Miami Heat (201114) to appear in four consecutive NBA Finals? 2. Of the seven hockey Canada Cups/World Cups, the Canadian men’s team has won five. Which countries have won one each? 3. T or F: No school has ever scored more than 100 points in an NCAA Div. I Men’s Basketball Championship game.

4. In how many consecutive Olympics did Germany win a gold medal in the two-man bobsled before its eighthplace finish in 2014? 5. How many games went into OT in last year’s Stanley Cup Finals between the L.A. Kings and N.Y. Rangers? How many total periods of OT were played? 6. Which two schools are tied for the most NCAA Women’s hockey national championships?

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without notice. Rate shown includes a .25% Grand Forks Special and .35% APR reduction for military direct deposit and automatic payment (example: 1.99% APR less .60% = 1.39%). Example: A $30,000 auto loan with a rate of 1.39% APR for 60 months. Monthly payment is approximately $517.91. Total finance charge is approximately $1,074.12. Loan approval and APR subject to credit worthiness. Direct deposit of entire net pay (NOT ALLOTMENT) and automatic payment must be maintained. Rates no lower than 1.39%.Offer is subject to change without notice. Individual must be a member of Service Credit Union or eligible for membership to apply.

RETAILERS, PT. TWO (continued): • It should be no surprise that Walmart is the #1 retailer in America. Oklahoma-born Sam Walton went to work at a Des Moines, Iowa J.C. Penney store as a management trainee at age 22, just three days after his college graduation. Earning $75 a month, Walton stayed about 18 months before his World War II military service. After the war, he borrowed $20,000 from his father-in-law and purchased a Ben Franklin variety store in Newport, Arkansas. By the early 1960s, Walton and his brother owned 15 Ben Franklin stores. In 1962, Walton opened his first Walmart store in Rogers, Arkansas. Five years later, the family owned 24 stores, with $12.7 million in annual sales. Five years after that, there were 51 stores, with sales of $78 million. In 1980, there were 276 stores, and in 1989, Walmart became the nation’s #1 retailer. Today, the company employs 2.2 million people worldwide, ringing up more than 200 million customers each week in 11,000 stores in 27 countries.

MOMENTS IN TIME • On April 25, 1719, Daniel Defoe's fictional work "The Life and Strange Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" is published. The book, about a shipwrecked sailor who spends 28 years on a deserted island, is based on the experiences of Alexander Selkirk, a Scottish sailor who spent four years on a small island off the coast of South America in the early 1700s. • On April 21, 1816, Charlotte Bronte, the only one of three novelist Bronte sisters to live past age 31, is born. Charlotte's two older sisters died of illness while at Clergy Daughter's School. The grim institution found its way into her masterpiece "Jane Eyre" (1847). • On April 26, 1913, 13-year-old Mary Phagan is found molested and murdered in the Atlanta pencil factory where she worked. Her murder led to one of the most disgraceful episodes of bigotry, injustice and mob violence in American history -- the lynching of her innocent Jewish boss, Leo Frank. © 2015 King Features Synd., Inc.

The History Channel

• On April 22, 1934, George "Baby Face" Nelson kills Special Agent W. Carter Baum during an FBI raid in northern Wisconsin. The famed gangster was born Lester Gillis but wanted to be known as Big George Nelson. Unfortunately for him, his youthful looks led everyone to call him "Baby Face." • On April 24, 1940, bestselling mystery novelist Sue Grafton, creator of private eye Kinsey Millhone, is born. Starting with "A Is for Alibi" in 1982 and titling each of her books with letters of the alphabet in order, Grafton is currently up to W, for "Wasted." • On April 23, 1967, Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov is killed when his parachute lines tangle during his spacecraft's landing. Komarov plunged to the ground from 23,000 feet. • On April 20, 1980, the Castro regime announces that all Cubans wishing to emigrate to the U.S. are free to board boats at the port of Mariel west of Havana, launching the Mariel Boatlift. The first of 125,000 Cuban refugees from Mariel reached Florida the next day.

• Sebastian Kresge was working as a traveling salesman, peddling to all 19 Woolworth’s stores in the late 1800s. He made the decision to open his own store and invested $8,000 (about $227,000 in today’s dollars) to open a five-and-dime in Memphis, Tennessee. By 1912, there were 85 stores, and by 1924, Kresge was worth about $375,000,000, which translates to nearly $5.2 billion today. In 1962, Kresge opened his first K-Mart store in Garden City, Michigan, a store still in operation today. In 2005, the K-Mart Corporation purchased Sears for $11 billion.

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We owe the invention of the snowmobile to Canadian inventor Joseph-Armand Bombardier. But that was just a small part of this man’s contributions. Here are the facts on the inventor and businessman. • Quebec-born Joseph had an affinity for mechanics from a young age. At 13, he fashioned a mechanical toy locomotive driven by a clock mechanism, and a steam engine created out of old sewing machine parts followed shortly afterward. It was the family’s hope that Joseph would join the priesthood, and in 1921, the 14-year-old was sent to seminary. • When Joseph was 15, his father gave him an irreparable Model T Ford motor, which the boy soon transformed into the power behind an unusual sled, his first snow machine. • Not suited to religious studies, at 17, Joseph began an apprenticeship at a Montreal garage and enrolled in night classes in mechanics and engineering. By 19, he had his own garage, and it seemed he could fix anything. • In the winter of 1934, a days-long blizzard prevented Bombardier from getting his twoyear-old son to the hospital, and the boy died from a ruptured appendix. Joseph stepped up his efforts to invent a vehicle that could move over the snow. The result was a snowmobile that was steered by front skis and could carry seven people in its heated cabin. Within two years, he had built and sold 12 of his B7’s (“B” for bombardier, “7” for the number of passengers) to doctors, veterinarians, innkeepers, funeral directors, and schools.

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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

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BOMBARDIER (continued): • With the success of the B7, Bombardier expanded into military vehicles and he became a major supplier for the World War II effort. After the war, he pushed ahead to improve his inventions, producing a 12-passenger snowmobile, which was an immediate winner with police departments, the timber industry, and mining companies. An 18-passenger model quickly followed, which was used by schools in the snowy climate of Quebec and Ontario. • Bombardier was soon designing vehicles to undertake different terrains, such as swamps, bogs, and mud. Some had tracks for traction, while others had an interchangeable system of wheels and skis. In 1953, he introduced the all-terrain Muskeg tractor, able to haul skiers up a mountain as well as clear roads. .

(Answer located 2 pages after this one)

• Perhaps his best-known triumph came along in 1953. Using a lighter engine, Bombardier created the Ski-Doo snowmobile, a $900 machine for outdoor recreation lovers. Originally slated to be called the Ski-Dog, intended to replace the dogsled, it became the Ski-Doo when a painter misread the name and painted Ski-Doo on the prototype. Mass production of the unit began in 1959, and was immediately embraced not only by recreationists, but hunters, prospectors, surveyors, missionaries, and trappers as well. Bombardier’s company was enjoying annual sales of $3.5 million by the end of the 1950s. • Along with his genius mechanical abilities, Joseph was devoted to community service and had a great love of music, singing in the church choir and accompanying his children on the piano. In the midst of an exceptional career, he died at age 56. Following his death, the family-owned business expanded into locomotives and aircraft, and today Learjet is one of their subsidiaries.

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• It was 19th-century French historian Edgar Quinet who made the following sage observation: "Time is the fairest and toughest judge." • The Guinness brewery in Dublin, Ireland, has a 9,000-year lease on the property -- and the rent is a mere 45 Irish pounds per year. • Researchers at Yale University have determined that the most recognizable scent to American adults is coffee, followed by peanut butter in the No. 2 spot. • In 1941, the British entered World War II, much to the relief of the USSR. One Soviet admiral was so grateful for the help that when a British naval captain on the submarine HMS Trident commented that his wife had a hard time pushing the baby carriage through the snow in Britain, the admiral declared, "You need a reindeer!" -- and presented the sub's crew with one. Dubbed Pollyanna, the reindeer spent six weeks aboard the sub, where it reportedly liked to

sleep under the captain's bed. Pollyanna eventually ended up at the Regents Park Zoo. • The state of Mississippi takes its name (unsurprisingly) from the river. But how did the river get its name? Etymologists say that the modern pronunciation is from a French variant of "meshi-ziibi," which in Algonquian Ojibwa means "big river." • Those who study such things say that 20 percent of modern relationships that end in marriage begin online. • The red panda is a vulnerable mammal species found in parts of Asia. It's about the size of a house cat, but its tail can grow up to 19 inches long. • When the Crayola company was approaching a production milestone, executives asked Mister Rogers to come to the factory to pour the wax for the one billionth crayon. *** Thought for the Day: "Imitation is the sincerest form of television." -Fred Allen

Over 80 programs and events! There’s a lot happening at UND this summer! Come and explore new things, test the limits of your imagination, make new friends and have FUN! We hope to see you soon! Visit our website for a full listing of what the University of North Dakota has to offer.

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• Putting in your spring garden? To keep your fingernails from developing a dirt problem, use this classic tip: Rake your nails over a bar of soap. It “seals” the gap underneath, and later when you wash your hands, the soap slips right out ... no need to spend time scrubbing out the dirt! — JoAnn • Add these to the list of items to eliminate the odor of cooking cabbage: a heel of bread, a whole walnut or a pinch of baking soda. • Love beans but trying to save a little money? Don’t be intimidated by dry beans, just rinse them and chuck them in the slow cooker. Add water according to package directions and cook on low for up to eight hours. After they cool, you can bag them in freezer-safe zipper-top bags and freeze them for easy use later. • If you keep a couple of crackers in your sugar jar, they’ll keep the sugar from caking. • If you or your kids have trouble drifting off to sleep, try this aromatherapy trick: Spray sheets with a diluted lavender essential oil. Lavender is classic for sleep time. • “To make the handiest long-handled garden tool, do this right now: Lay the tool on the ground (it can be a hoe, rake — whatever you use most) and, using a tape measure, mark out feet and inches with a permanent marker right on the handle. Now, when you go to put plants in the ground, you can space them out perfectly by laying down your tool along the planting line.” — C.O. in Arkansas Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, c/o King Features Weekly Service, P.O. Box 536475, Orlando, FL 32853-6475. © 2015 King Features Synd., Inc.

Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

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Of Grand fOrks • East Grand fOrks

September 11, 2014

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On September 11, 1952, the first artificial aortic valve was installed in a patient in Washington, D.C. Come along with Tidbits as we take a look at the human heart!

HEART ATTACK FACTS • 37% of all deaths in the United States are related to heart disease, making it the largest single cause of natural death. Heart disease kills twice as many people as all forms of cancer combined. The major causes are smoking, fatty diet, high blood pressure, obesity, stress, heredity, lack of exercise, and diabetes. It is an illness produced of man's environment. Before 1900, heart attacks were very rare. The rate of heart disease increased so sharply between 1940 and 1967 that the World Health Organization called it the world’s most serious epidemic. • Every single cell in the heart is guided by an electrical impulse which synchronizes the heartbeat so all muscle cells contract in unison to pump the blood. During a heart attack, the cells begin firing out of turn so the efficiency of the heart is lost and the blood does not get pumped. When doctors shock the heart, the shock overrides each cell’s individual firing mechanism and once again synchronizes every cell, hopefully getting them all to work together again. WANT TO RUN YOUR OWN BUSINESS? Publish a

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A man is driving down the highway when he sees a shipping truck wrecked on the side of the road, and 25 penguins waddling around outside it. He pulls over and the truck driver tells him, “Quick! You’ve gotta take these birds to the zoo while I wait for AAA!” The man agrees and drives off with the penguins. After fixing his vehicle, the truck driver heads over to the zoo to make sure the penguins made it safely. There’s no sign of them. The truck driver panics and starts scouring the town for his missing penguins. An hour later he passes by the local cinema, when who does he see leaving the theater but the guy who said he’d help him, 25 penguins still in tow. “What happened!” the truck driver screams. “I told you to take them to the zoo!” “I did,” the man answers. “But I had a little money left over, so I thought I’d take them to a movie too.”

Tidbits Laughs

(Solution on Next Page)

F.W. WOOLWORTH

Frank Winfield Woolworth had a brand-new idea back in 1878, the “five-and-dime” store. Here’s the history of his endeavors that made “Wooworth’s” a household name. • The Woolworth family were farmers in upstate New York, but farming wasn’t Frank’s career choice. After finishing school, he found work at the local dry goods store, where he came up with a few ideas for a store of his own. • In 1878, when Frank was 26, he borrowed $300 from his boss to open Woolworth’s Great Five Cent Store in Utica, New York. Within months, the store had failed. Refusing to give up, Woolworth tried Lancaster, Pennsylvania, for another store, using the same sign he’d used in Utica. He expanded his inventory to include items up to 10 cents, such as gravy strainers, scoops, purses, biscuit cutters, soap writing books, pie plates, handkerchiefs, and hundreds of other novelties. In 1880, Woolworth’s added manufactured Christmas tree ornaments with resounding success. • Woolworth introduced a novel idea of displaying his merchandise, different from other stores of the period. While other retailers kept their goods behind a counter, requiring customers to present the clerk with a list of desired items, Woolworth used self-service display cases with all prices clearly marked to avoid haggling with customers. • Within just a few years Woolworth was a millionaire. By 1909, he had expanded to England. In 1912, there were close to 600 stores, and the company’s new corporate headquarters in New York City was under construction. In 1913, the Woolworth Building opened its doors, a 60-store skyscraper that was the tallest building in the world at 792 feet, an honor it held until 1930. It was built at a cost of $13.5 million, paid for by Woolworth in cash out of his private funds.

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F.W. WOOLWORTH (continued): • In 1917, the Woolworth family moved into Winfield Hall, a newly-constructed Italian Renaissance 56-room mansion on 16 acres on Answer: Dell. Long Island. With walls and pillars of marble, VERY the homeAcost $90LARGE million NUMBER in 1917, with its en•tryway’s Edward grand Kasnerstaircase was a mathematician. alone costing In $21938 milhe was asked to come up with a name for a lion. very large number: the numeral one, followed • Inby1919, when zeros. there He were 1,000 traga hundred asked hisstores, two young edy struck. Frank Woolworth, who had had a nephews what name they would suggest. fear of dentists, symptoms of •lifelong Nine-year-old Milton ignored suggested a name infection, and died from septic poisoning as out of the funnies. A cartoon strip charactera result ofBarney an abscessed tooth. The company was named was very popular. Milton chose Barney’s lasttoname for the number. handed over his brother Charles, and with10 years, anotherthe 1,250 added. •inKasner announced newstores namewere for the big During the mid-1920s, a store was opened evnumber in his next book, altering the spelling. 17 days. •ery Sixty years later, Larry Page and Sergey Brin developed a new internet Other • The five-and-dime conceptsearch beganengine. to disappear search engines searched each webpage and in 1932 when a line of 20-cent merchandise ranked them according to how many times a was added. In 1935, the company discontinued specific term appeared on them, but Page and itsBrin 20-cent limittheir altogether. designed search engine to search for the specific termwere and then find out how • Lunch counters incorporated into many many links there were that the led 1940s, back to that page, stores, and throughout Woolworth’s which resulted in a betterrestaurant search engine. was America’s largest chain. The •lunch Theycounter decided they neededN.C. a made name histothat in Greensboro, reflected how many websites the search ry in 1960, when four black students sat down was searching. tookrefused the name atengine the segregated counter They and were serof Edward Kasner’s very large number, only vice, setting off a series of civil rights’ sit-ins they misspelled it slightly, so it ended up being and boycotts. spelled exactly the same way the cartoon • Incharacter the late Barney ‘70s, the company was the world’s spelled his last name. What’s it called? (Answer atstore bottom of page) largest department chain. Even as the company acquired other stores chains, its own COMPUTER FACTS variety store sales were dwindling. the • In 1981 Bill Gates said, “640 kb In of 1997, memory last of the stores closed, and the company was ought to be enough for anybody.” renamed the Venator Group. It now focuses on • Moore’s Law states that computer performance itsdoubles most successful Foot and Locker, every 18 toretailer, 24 months, ever Inc. since 1971, this has been true. • HP, Google, Microsoft, and Apple were all started in garages. Answer: Google, from googol.

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Quiz Answers

1. Atlanta, GA 2. Havana, Cuba, in 1942 3. Macy’s 4. Walgreen’s 5. USHER (us, he, she, her, hers)

6. “Wake Up Little Susie” 7. 1947 8. Jimmy Carter 9. John and Joan Cusack

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Sports Answers 1. Boston Celtics, 4. Three (2002, 2006, 2010) 1984-1987 5. Three games; 2. The Soviet 5 OT periods Union (1981), 6. MN-Duluth & U.S. (1996) Minnesota 3. False. UNLV with 5 each scored 103 vs. Duke in 1990

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Tidbits of Grand Forks - East Grand Forks

Published on Apr 16, 2015

Tidbits Grand Forks - April 16, 2015

"Famous Retailers, Part 2," "Joseph Bombardier" and "F.W. Woolworth"

Tidbits Grand Forks - April 16, 2015

Published on Apr 16, 2015

"Famous Retailers, Part 2," "Joseph Bombardier" and "F.W. Woolworth"

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