Tidbits of Grand Forks - April 2, 2020

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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks April 2, 2020

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SILVER

by Kathy Wolfe

Carpet Cleaning

“Every cloud has a silver lining” goes the old saying. This week, Tidbits Carpet Cleaning • Carpet digs deep for the facts on this shiny metal.

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Extraction Expires 4-30-20 the number of protons found in the nucleus Residential & of its atom. Its symbol is Ag, which is short Commercial for Argentum, from the Sanskrit word argunas, translating to “shining.” The name of the South American country of Argentina 701-775-8500 has similar roots, from the Spanish adjective The Best, Newest, meaning “silvery,” because the natives giftTownhome ed the Spanish explorers with silver objects Apartments in when they landed there.

Greater Grand Forks!

• The first five metals to be discovered were gold, copper, bronze, silver, and lead, with the discovery of silver dating to around 4000 B.C. Earliest evidence of silver mining dates back to 3000 BC in Turkey and Greece. These ancient people even developed a refining process of heating the ore and blowing air over it, causing other base metals such as lead and copper to oxidize and separate from the silver. Archaeologists have dug up treasure in Israel from around NOW LEASING! the same era, which included silver hoop ear701 .775 .5544 rings. Some ancient civilizations believed that silver contained healing powers, and could Give a pint bring good fortune and ward off evil spirits. www.elitecarpetsgf.com

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Quiz Bits 1.

2.

3.

4.

5. Which element is graphite made entirely of?

6. What was the name of the inn Who founded the Silver Bullet on the “Newhart” TV comedy?

Band in 1974?

7. Ten inches of snow generally Name the 2012 film that starred equals how many inches of rain?

Bradley Cooper and Jennifer 8. Name the songs that contains Lawrence. this lyric: “Since you’ve been What 1974 song by Harry gone I been lost without a Chapin speaks of silver spoon? trace, I dream at night I can Silver dollars marked with only see your face.”

“CC” were minted in what TRIVIA U.S. city?

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SILVER (continued):

• According to Greek mythology, the goddess Artemis rode a silver chariot through the sky. This daughter of Zeus and twin sister of Apollo was the goddess of the hunt, forests and hills, and the moon and carried a silver bow which she used to shoot silver moonbeams to Earth.

• Mexico is the leading producer of silver, with a history of mining dating back about 500 years, when Spanish conquistadors conquered southern Mexico and began setting up mines. Peru, China, Chile, and Russia follow Mexico in silver production. Serious silver mining in the United States began with the discovery of Nevada’s Comstock Lode in 1858 near Virginia City. Close to $306 million of silver was extracted from the area between 1859 and 1992.

Nevada is now the second-largest producer of silver in the U.S., behind Alaska, which is home to the nation’s largest silver mine. Idaho ranks third in production.

• Silver is not usually the primary product that companies are mining. Because it’s present in many naturally-occurring minerals, such as gold, copper, lead, and zinc, it’s often mined as a by-product of these minerals. Silver constitutes just 0.05 part per million of the Earth’s crust.

• The art of photography can contribute its success largely to silver. Early photographers used silver nitrate, a combination of silver, nitrogen, and oxygen, on their photo plates. The compound reacted to light by turning black which enabled photographers to capture a moment of light. Silver is still vital to the process today, with 9,000 metric tons of the metal used in that industry every year, nearly half of all annual silver production.

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NUGGETS OF KNOWLEDGE

Of all the elements, silver is the #1 conductor of heat and electricity, making it useful in the production of circuit boards, wires, connectors, bearings, long-life batteries, and as the defrosting agent on vehicle rear windows.

Olympic silver metals are composed of at least 92.5% silver. The medals from the 2018 Winter Games had a purity of 99.9%.

Nutrition Research Study!

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The Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center is conducting the ‘Shake It Up’ study to determine the effect of single meals as a shake on the structure and composition of the lipid particles in your blood.

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701-746-9300 • Located in Columbia Mall Near Scheels 3. In February, 42-year-old Zamboni driver David Ayres became the first 1. What business executive emergency backup goalwas chairman of the 1984 tender to record a win in Los Angeles Olympic NHL history. For what Organizing Committee and team did Ayres suit up? served as the sixth commissioner of Major League 4. Cheryl Miller won two Baseball from 1984 to 1989? women’s basketball national championships 2. The 1982 Atlanta Braves (1983-84) and three Naiand the 1987 Milwaukee smith College Player of the Brewers share the Major Year awards (1984-86) as a League Baseball record for member of what team? consecutive wins to start a season with how many?

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SILVER (continued):

• Metals that are ductile are capable of being drawn out into wire or hammered into very thin sheets. Silver is the second-most ductile metal (after gold), with a single ounce of silver able to be drawn into an 8,000-foot-long wire. Malleable elements are those capable of being hammered or rolled. One grain of silver, just 0.065 grams, can be rolled into a sheet 150 times thinner than a sheet of paper.

• In at least 14 different languages, the words “silver” and “money” are interchangeable. The ancient Lydians, who lived in what is modern-day Turkey, were the first to use silver as money around 700 B.C. The Greeks soon followed suit. Before 1965, U.S. coins consisted of about 90% silver. The Kennedy half-dollars minted in 1964 were 90% silver, but those made from 1965 to 1969 were just 40% silver, and by 1971 there was no silver in the coins. Only those in special collection sets contain any silver, including those struck for the nation’s Bicentennial. Today, a 1964 Kennedy half-dollar is worth about $5.50.

• The U.S. minted its first silver dollars in 1794.

The most familiar of the country’s dollar coins, the Morgan Dollar, produced from 1878 to 1904, and again in 1921, was composed of 90% silver and 10% copper, as were most U.S. silver dollars dated 1964 or earlier. Contrast this with the Eisenhower dollar (1971 – 1978) and the Susan B. Anthony dollar (1979 – 1981, 1999), which contained no silver whatsoever!

• Because silver is the most reflective element, reflecting 95% of the visible light spectrum, it’s used in mirrors, telescopes, and microscopes.

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SILVER (continued):

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• What makes sterling silver sterling? Contrary to popular belief, it is not solid silver, because pure silver is too soft for items like jewelry and tableware. Sterling consists of 92.5% silver, with the remaining 7.5% copper or occasionally other metals to strengthen the silver. Silver-plated items are manufactured from another type of base metal such as copper, nickel, brass, or pewter, then coated with a very thin layer of silver.

• Silver tarnishes when it’s exposed to air because it reacts with hydrogen sulfide found there, forming a black sulfide layer. It will tarnish faster in locations high in humidity and air pollution.

Chemicals found in lotion, hairspray, perfume, and deodorant will also accelerate tarnishing, as well as serving eggs and onions in silver dishes.

Wearing silver necklaces with wool clothing also hastens the process.

• It’s easy to clean silver jewelry by lining a glass container with foil, adding hot water, and two tablespoons of salt and baking soda. Leaving the pieces in the dip for about five minutes will help make tarnish disappear, followed up by rinsing with water and drying with a soft cloth.

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• In the medical world, silver has strong antibacterial properties, and is a powerful natural antibiotic. It’s often used in ointments, in bandages, and in the dressing of wounds. Some naturopaths use it to treat colds and flu, and sinus and lung infections. It was once used by dentist to fill cavities.

• The phrase “born with a silver spoon in their mouth” refers to having a high social position or wealth from birth. However, due to silver’s medicinal qualities, it was believed that children fed with silver spoons were healthier than those fed with wooden or pewter spoons, further contributing to the phrase’s origin.

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• Ever wondered why those athletic lace-ups on your feet are called sneakers? The moniker came about in the late 1800s, from their rubber soles that allowed people to walk or "sneak" around without a sound.

• Laura Ingalls Wilder's "Little House" books were once used as post-World War II propaganda.

Gen. Douglas MacArthur's occupation headquarters chose "The Long Winter" as one of the first American books to be translated into Japanese, in an effort to boost the morale of defeated, starving citizens. German translations soon followed, with a similar goal.

• During the mid-1970s, author Anne Fine walked by a shop selling jewelry and old furs, the proprietor of which was a Madame Doubtfire. Fine recalled the name in 1986 when she wrote her novel "Madame Doubtfire." Her one request to makers of the film starring Robin Williams and Sally Field was that they "not make the children bratty, and they did indulge me in that."

• Believing he had been cursed for killing two canines, a man in India married a third as an act of atonement.

• Michelangelo, renowned painter of the Sistine Chapel and brilliant sculptor to boot, was surprisingly averse to personal hygiene. He also rarely changed his clothes. One of his servants remarked that the artist would spend so much time in his shoes that when he finally did take them off, "the skin came away, like a snake's, with the boots."

• You might experience "optophobia" while watching a terrifying scene in a horror flick -- it's the fear of opening one's eyes!

• Zebras are responsible for more injuries to U.S. zookeepers than any other animal.

• Your left lung is smaller than your right to make room for your heart. *** Thought for the Day: "Books can be dangerous. The best ones should be labeled 'This could change your life.'" -- Helen Exley

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Weekly SUDOKU

Answer

“Cleopatra,” 1963’s highest-grossing film, was also one of the most expensive movies ever made. Tidbits has the facts and figures on the film that chronicles the life of this legendary queen.

• The movie is the story of Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt, born to Pharaoh Ptolemy XII around 69 BC. Upon her father’s death, Cleopatra and her 10-yearold brother became co-heirs of the throne, but she quickly dethroned the young boy, and began forming political alliances to expand her empire.

• The film’s expenses exceeded estimates from the beginning. The studio forecasted a $2 million budget, with Joan Collins in the title role. With several production delays, she became unavailable. Elizabeth Taylor was contacted, and promptly rejected the role, holding off until the offer was $1 million. Twentieth Century Fox set a record as the first studio to pay a star that much for a single role.

• The filming required 79 different sets, including a replica of the Roman Forum, although it was three times the size of the original Forum. The queen’s barge was built at a cost equaling $2 million in today’s dollars.

Production was further delayed when three construction workers were killed while building the set for the Egyptian city of Alexandria when undiscovered mines left over from World War II exploded.

• Twenty-six thousand costumes were made, including 65 costumes for Elizabeth Taylor. Her costume budget alone amounted to $194,800, and included a dress made from 24-carat gold cloth.

• Filming began in England where 20 acres of farmland was converted into Alexandria, including temples, a harbor, sphinxes, and palm trees flown in from California.

• England’s rainy weather led to delays in shooting, which cost up to $75,000 (in 1960 dollars) for every day the filming was cancelled. When Elizabeth Taylor contracted pneumonia after working in the harsh weather, the decision was made to change location to Rome. By this time, filming had been underway for 16 weeks at a cost of $7 million, with only ten minutes of film produced. All of the sets constructed in England were not relocated, rather they were re-created in Rome at a tremendous cost.

• Liz Taylor’s salary may have started out at $1 million, but her contract was written so that she would receive $50,000 a week if production exceeded 16 weeks along with 10% of the film’s gross. By the time production moved to Rome, she had already earned in excess of $2 million, and upon release of the film, her take was about $7 million. That’s well over $55 million in today’s dollars.

• More than two-and-a-half years after filming commenced, it wrapped up in March, 1963. The final cost exceeded $44 million, which is over $340 million in today’s dollars, one of the most expensive movies ever made. The production nearly bankrupted Twentieth Century Fox, and would have done so if not for the enormous success of “The Sound of Music, which saved the studio. As it was, the studio shut down for six months and laid off 2,000 workers.

• Although “Cleopatra” was the year’s highest-grossing film, earning $57.7 million in North America, the movie did not break even for ten years. This was only after the studio was paid $5 million by ABC for television rights.

• The film received Oscar nominations, including Best Picture (which it did not win), taking home four – Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography, Best Visual Effects, and Best Costume Design. At the time of its premiere, “Cleopatra” was 243 minutes long, but was later cut to a 194-minute version.

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March 23, 2020

• “Having a fancy dinner where you’ll serve wine? You can pour box wine into a glass decanter. It will look and taste better because decanting aerates wine.” — O.D. in Washington • Set a timer to remember to add softener to your load of laundry, and another for when the load is done.

Buzzers can’t always be heard, and it’s best to not let your wet laundry sit.

• For oven spillovers, saturate a washcloth and lay over the mess when the oven has almost cooled. The heat will couple with the moisture to loosen it!

• To loosen dirt in window tracks, try this trick: Sprinkle baking soda along the track, and use a detail brush to loosen stuck dirt. Vacuum out debris, and then dust with a lightly damp rag.

Should be clean!

• “Do you still watch DVDs? I do, and when they get a scratch, you can try this trick: Rub the surface with a little clear lip balm. Buff from center to edge in a straight line. The balm fills the cracks, making it watchable.”

— F. in Georgia • Dollar stores and other discount chains are great places to pick up cleaning supplies, paper goods and school supplies on the cheap. They carry national brands that can save you a bundle.

Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, 628 Virginia Drive, Orlando, FL 32803.

• On April 11, 1814, Napoleon Bonaparte, emperor of France, abdicates the throne and is banished to the Mediterranean island of Elba. Napoleon is credited with reforms that had a lasting impact on European society, including rights for all men and the end of feudalism.

• On April 7, 1891, American showman Phineas T. Barnum dies in Bridgeport, Connecticut, at age 81. Barnum had requested that a New York paper run his obituary before he died so he could enjoy reading it, and the paper obliged.

• On April 12, 1908, a fire at the Boston Blacking Company in Chelsea, Massachusetts, leaves 12 dead, 85 missing and presumed dead and more than 17,000 homeless. Due to high winds, a good portion of the city burned.

• On April 6, 1917, the U.S House of Representatives endorses a Senate declaration of war against Germany, and America formally enters World War I. Some 50,000 American soldiers would lose their lives before the war ended on Nov. 11, 1918.

• On April 10, 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt establishes the Civilian Conservation Corps to put thousands of Americans to work during the Great Depression. The CCC was open to unemployed, unmarried U.S. male citizens between the ages of 18 and 26.

• On April 9, 1959, NASA introduces America's first astronauts to the press: Scott Carpenter, Gordon Cooper Jr., John Glenn Jr., Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Walter Schirra Jr., Alan Shepard Jr. and Donald Slayton. The seven men, all military test pilots, were selected from a group of 32 candidates.

• On April 8, 2005, Eric Rudolph agrees to plead guilty to a series of bombings, including the fatal bombing at the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta, in order to avoid the death penalty. A 40-pound pipe bomb that exploded in Atlanta's Centennial Olympic Park killed one woman and injured over 100 people. © 2020 Hearst Communications, Inc. All Rights Reserved

PIÑATAS

Planning a piñata for your next birthday? Tidbits presents the origins and meaning of this entertaining party activity.

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• Although we usually associate piñatas with Mexico, it’s likely they originated in China, where they were part of the Chinese New Year celebrations. Those piñatas were shaped like cows, oxen, or buffalo, covered with colored paper, and embellished with harnesses and bridles. The Chinese version was filled with various types of seeds, and struck with colored sticks in hopes of a favorable upcoming growing season. Once the piñata was broken, the pieces were burned, and the people gathered up the ashes to keep for good luck.

• Marco Polo is acknowledged as the one who brought the piñata from China to Italy. It was here that they received their name taken from the original Italian word “pignatta,” meaning “fragile container.” Spreading throughout Europe, it became a part of the Christian celebration of Lent, with the first Sunday of Lent becoming known as “Piñata Sunday.” The Spanish started with a plain clay pot, decorating it with colored paper and ribbons, filling the pot with treats.

• The Spaniards brought the European piñata tradition to Mexico in the 1500s, but learned that the Mayans and Aztecs already had a similar practice in place. The Aztecs used the piñata to honor the birthday of their god Huītzilōpōchtli. Aztec priests decorated clay pots with feathers as a tribute to this god of war, sun, and human sacrifice.

• The piñata became part of religious ceremonies in Mexico, symbolizing man’s struggle against temptation. It was in the shape of a star with seven points representing the seven deadly sins – lust, gluttony, greed, sloth, wrath, envy, and pride. ...cont'd

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PIÑATAS (continued):

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• The vessel’s bright colors symbolized the lure of sin and the stick was the will to overcome evil. The blindfold signified faith, while the goodies inside were the riches of heaven’s kingdom, denoting the reward of keeping the faith.

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• In the early Mexican ceremonies, the person with stick was turned round and round, signifying the disorientation that temptation can create. The person was turned 33 times, one for each year of the life of Jesus Christ.

Quiz Answers

• Today the piñata has lost most of its religious connotation, and most are created from cardboard or papier-mache, although in Mexico, you can still find those manufactured from clay pots. Although the pots are easier to break, they pose a danger of flying shards of pottery.

In Mexico, the Christmas season is welcomed through “Las Posadas,” a tradition celebrated from December 16 – 24, in which the traditional star-shaped piñatas are included in the festivities. In the U.S., they are frequently shaped like donkeys or cartoon characters.

• Piñatas aren’t just a party activity. The artistic event Pinatarama is an exhibition of original works of art by graphic illustrators and designers, featuring artists from 23 countries.

• In 2008, residents of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania were on hand to view the world’s largest piñata, a giant donkey measuring 93.5 feet long, and 59 feet tall, filled with 8,000 lbs. of candy. A wrecking ball was used to help smash the piñata. That record has since been smashed by a 47-ft tall piñata created in the shape of an orange pretzel M&M standing on a birthday cake in commemoration of the first birthday of M&M’s pretzel chocolate candies in 2011.

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• In 2018, the city of Sainte-Catherine, Quebec, hosted the world’s largest display of piñatas, 1,166 in all, all homemade.

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