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EPISODES FROM THE RAMAKIEN Speeially arranged by the Royal Fine Arts llepartment

0n 9ridays,

$aturdays and $undays

Two performances on Fridays and Saturdays at 2 p.m. and B p.rn.

Three on Sundays at l0 a.m., 2 p., and B p.m.

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-16-

THE KFION EPISODES FROM THE RNMAKIEN

Specially arranged by the Royal Fine Arts Department

PRELUDE

THE CONQUEST OF NANDAK, SCENE: IN THE HEAVENS.

ACT

I

THE ABDUCTION OF

SID.N..

SCENE: IN THE FOREST NEAR THE GODAVARI.

ACT

II

SIDA'S ATTEMPT AT SUICIDE, SCENE: THE ASOKA PARK, LONKA.

ACT

III

CONSTRUCTiON OF THE SCENE: IN THE OCEAN.

ACT

IV

\YAR

CAUSEWAY,

l. THtr BATI'LE OF INDRAJTT WITH PI(l.NcE LAKSHMAN; 2. TI{E BATTI-tr oF I'OSAKANTH WITH KING REMA. SCENE: BATI'LEF'IELD.

ACT

V

TI]E RETURN TO AYODHYT. I. THE OATH OF RAMA'S REGENTS. SCENE: IN THE PALACE OF AYODHYfr.

2. THE ENTRYINTO AYODHYE. SCENE: IN THE FOREST.HERMITAGE. and later IN THE HEAVENS.

Photographing

in the Theatre is forbid.den

'

CLASSICAL SIAMESE THEATRE ot

SIAMESE CHOREOGRAPHY EXPLAINED

'bs DHANIT Y['PHO Gfie $ournal of tke gtam gociety t y"J"S J (.fanuary, IgSp)

:-

Mr. Yupho's versatility is now again displayed in a volume under the title. A graduate of the ecclesiastical doctorate of Siam, he has brought his knowledge of oriental Classics to play upon the knowledge he has later gained from directing the Bureau of Entertainments in the Department of Fine Arts with its School of Classic Dancing and thus produced a scholarly brochure dealing with the technique of the Classic Dance and of folk dances. I No one interested in this aspect of Siamese Art can fail to profit from his collection of explanatory notes of all classic and popular dances as well as excerpts from the big hhon or lalcorn pieces such as the Ramakien, lnao or 'Phra LO; Each such note is illustrated with figures displaying rhe respective nrovbments. In most cases each note gives ttr" t i.iory of the dance above

described.

- D. N. On Sale at the Booking Office

.f THE SILPAKORN THEATRE

THE KHON THE STORY OF THE REMAKIEN PRIOR TO WHAT IS BEING PERFORNTED

:

:On Mount Kailas, the abode o[ Siva, there was an c$uru nameA Nandak (or Nontuk), who had been given the boon of Siva by whieh one of his fingers was adamantine. Whomsoever, whethet god or m.an, he' pointed at with this finger fell down dead on the spot. The gods and goddesses, therefore, approached Narayana (Vishnu) seelcing his help.

The god, disguising himself as a beautiful celestial maiden, came to where th'e csurc wbs. The latter at once fell in love with the maiden and agteed to, dance in imitation of her. This was the famous basic dance, called m&bad among the,moti{s of w'bich was one called the sna,fe.curls,lis tai} and. it entailed pointing the frnger at ene's own knee, in which,.movement Nandak fell down.

THE PRELUDE :

The curtain openF upon the scene when Nandak already unablc to ri.se up sees the celestial maiden who had been the, cause of his undoing being transformed in to the four-armed god Ndrdyana. Indignant at what he n.aturally takes to be tyeachery on the part of the almighty, hc,rpproaghes him over thi cowardice which has prompted the god's disguise. Th;; god however points out that it is not fear but the conviction that the asura should die by his own instrument of misdeed. In order to give him a further chance he wills that the asurs be born again on earth as a demon king with ten heads and twenty atrms, endowed with every knowledge and prowess even bf fying through the air, when he himself will also be reincarnated as a rnere man witb two arms with which he will kill him again. " Nandakr., unable to,undo the curse, retorts " Since you have had to disguise, as. a . wgInan, to kill me now I shall in the next birth make you suffer because of , ? jnl.grEon lteo,'l He is then lcilled with a trident.

:

*lq

-

tcT r. THE ABDUCT|0I| 0t

SiltA

SCENE: IN THE FOREST NEAR TI{E GODEVARI

Nandak, reborn through the curse as T'osakanth, the demon-king, becomes from now on in the play the heroic villain in opposition to Rama of AyodhyS, a reincarnation of the god Vishnu.

The curtain rises upon the forest in which Rama with his wife Sida and'brotber Lakshman are sitting in front of their hermitage. At the behest of the king of Loqk6, the land of the demons, Marici has assumed the disguise of a golden deer, which being so beautiful catches the eye of Sida who beseeches her lord, Rama, to catch it for her. Rama in his prrrsui[ eventually shoots the deer out of sight of his wife. The evil demon thus dying frorn his wound as he resumes his demoniac form utters a cry for help as if it were from Rama. Sida sends Lakshman to his assistance, The latter, though suspecting foul-play, yields frnally to her importunity and leaves the hermitage. Meanwhile T'osakanth, disguised as a hermit, coming out o[ his hiding-place, makes love to Sida; but, finding her unresponsive, drops the disguise and forcibly abducts her. Flying through the air on his chariot he encounters the eagle Sad5yu, who insists that Sida be restored to her rightful husband and fights the demon to enforce his argument for right over might. T'osakanth snatches at Sida's frnger, takes ofi her ring with which he throws at the bird thus wounding him. He then proceeds to

t"t:;,

,,.

srDA,s ATTEM'T AT surcr'E.

CENE: THE ASOKA PARK, LOryKE Side is confined in the Asoka Park in Loqka because of her tefusal to aecept the demon - king's love. The grief of separation from her husband and the indignation at the demon's insolence is driving her:to desperate action. Tying her neck with a shawl which is wound round an csoka branch near her pavilion in the Park, ohe is caught hold of just on the

*2Q*

3.,

t/

point of hanging herself from the branch. To her surprise it was a white monkey whom she had never seen before who rescues her. The latter reveals his identity as an emissary from Rama to 6nd out where she was.

To prove his good faith Hanuman produces a shawl and a ring with. the mention o[ an incident known only to Rama and her in which Rarira recalls the day he 6rst rnet Sida when their eyes met for the first time at her father's coutt. Hanuman further informs Sida that Rama is now advancing with a big army of the simian kingdoms. He ofiers to carry her away on his shoulder; but Sida declines for fear of a reproach that she had been abducted from her husband by a demon to be taken back on the shoulders of a monkey. Her urgent wish is howevel that.Rama should exterminate the whole race o[ demons and thus regain tr"t:

.

When Sida retires into her inner chamber Hanuman decides to test the strength of the enemy by destroying the Park thus coming into confict with the keepers, who finding the one monkey too much for their combined effort, apply for the help of the demon arrny which is also vanquished by the monkey who then leaves for the camp of Rama.

At this

is building the causeway on the continent to cross over into the island of Lonk5.

stage the monkey army o[ Rama

from their side Sukrib, tho monkey-king and generalissimo of his army, is superintending the work; but finding that stones thrown into the ocean seem to disappear sends Hanuman to 6nd out. Hanuman discovers numerous, fishes in the act of carrying away the stones thus preventing'the completion of the work.

Giving pursuit to them he comes upon a golden fish in the form of a beautiful maiden with a tail who is their leader, directing the prevention of the bridge being finished. I-lanurnan wins her heart, gets the stones restored 'comes up the sea surface to report upon his mission. With the and complelion o[ the causeway Rama advances over it with alt hig,,ut*y.,r.r.

-2L-

ACI III.

WAR

SCENE: BATTLEF.IELD

1. TIIE BATTLE OF INDRAJIT WITT{ LAKSHMAI\.

The demons led by Indrajir, Frince R,:yal of the kingdom of the demons of Loqk[, are face to face with the simian army led by Lakshman, brother of Rama. Indrajittaunts his enemy with the accusation that in league with Sukrib, who had killed his brother P'ali and usurped the latter's throne, the brothers Rama and Lai<shman wele rnere adventurers out for gain, putting as pretext tbe recovery o[ Sida who in fact had never been Rama's wife and belonged properly to Thosakanth who had found her in the forest. Eventually they give ordet for the comnrencement of fighting in which the arrny of Indrajit is defeated.

2. THE BATTLE OF T,OSAKANTH WITH KING RAMA. In this engagement Rama shoots T'osakanth's head off his body; but through magic which is his speciality the demon-king recovers it.

T'osakanth in fact cannot be killed because his spirit in the heart had been removed and put in safe keeping of his preceptor' the seer Goputra. Hanuman volunteers to secure the precious heart, exhibits it to T'osakanth, who realising his doom begs ior the casket of Hanuman who ' refuses to deliver it to hin'r. Asbamed to plead T'osatrran thasks for just one day to go back to say farewells and retires from the battlefield to come out the next day for the final battle' ACT V. T$IE RETURIE Tt! AYIIDI{YI

1.THE OATH OF RAMA'S REGtrNTS During Rama's self.imposed exiie of | 4 yea1s, he had appointed as his regents his brothers Bharat and Satrughna' As the cafiain rises we see the Regents giving orders for a fire to be lighted in which they would carry out their self-inrmeilation because tfe 14 years had just expired and King Rarna had not returned. The step is ttiken to prove to the world that they had not undertaken to act as

-22-

to secure power for themselves and therefore could not power beyond the stipulated time. Just as they arc about to in rernain iu*p into the confagration, they are held back. Turning to see who werc rdgents in ordcr

holding them they find Hanuman who had been sent during the exile to Ayodhya on errand and the hunter Kukhan whom they recognise as thc guardian of the approach to Rama's herrnitage in the forest on the occasion of their visit to Rarna at the com$]encernent of the exile. The two inform them tbat Rarna is on the way back home and beg thcm to desist from self-immolation in fulfilment of their oath. Overjoyed at the news of the return, they go out to the forest hermitage where Rama is stopping accompanied by the thlee queens of the late King.

2. THE ENTRY INTO AYODHYA

The four brothers rneet at the herrnitage and invite Rama to enter Ayodhy5. They make their exit of the stage to take leave of the seers Vasi'stha and Vi6vSmitra.

The final scene takes place in the heavens where celestial beings celebrate the victory of Rama over Evil, personified by R6vana, King of Lo9ka.

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Dhanit Yupho Price

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