An article on limit state pipeline design using mathematical and numerical models. Penned many years ago on my first project as a junior engineer in Shell, assigned to the Malampaya Project and an engineering office in Staines, Surrey, UK. The thorough review and kind advice of J.P. Kenny colleagues and my supervisor, a consulting British university professor and a risk consultant were just as much appreciated as the wisdom of my then Shell line management. Apologies for the suboptimal black-and-white scan.
